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Interoperability Standards OM2M architecture The ontologies of the SWoT Requirements Use case : a smart building Enriching, sharing
From the IoT to the SWoT: definitions,standards and perspectives
Semantic Web meets Internet of Things and Web of Things
Nicolas Seydoux
October 2017
Interoperability Standards OM2M architecture The ontologies of the SWoT Requirements Use case : a smart building Enriching, sharing
Interperability...
Definition
Ability of two systems or more to interact and exchange datasuccessfully [1]
Interoperability Standards OM2M architecture The ontologies of the SWoT Requirements Use case : a smart building Enriching, sharing
...or interoperabilities
Technical
Interaction at the hardware and protocols level
Syntactical
Interaction at the data scheme level
Semantic
Shared understanding of the meaning of exchanged data
Interoperability Standards OM2M architecture The ontologies of the SWoT Requirements Use case : a smart building Enriching, sharing
On the road to interoperability
The past...
Standards, default interoperability solution in technologies
Semantics in proofs of concepts
...the present...
Semantization of standards
... and the future
Standards for architectures, semantics for data anddescriptions
Interoperability Standards OM2M architecture The ontologies of the SWoT Requirements Use case : a smart building Enriching, sharing
Standards, as easy as ABC
Figure: Landscape proposed by AIOTI
Interoperability Standards OM2M architecture The ontologies of the SWoT Requirements Use case : a smart building Enriching, sharing
oneM2M in a nutshell
A horizontal standard
SDO and industrials consortium
”Umbrella” standard, interoperable with other standards
Internal organisation
Themed working groups
The MAS group deals with semantics
Interoperability Standards OM2M architecture The ontologies of the SWoT Requirements Use case : a smart building Enriching, sharing
oneM2M main features
Complete spec : http://onem2m.org
Interoperability Standards OM2M architecture The ontologies of the SWoT Requirements Use case : a smart building Enriching, sharing
Example instanciation
Interoperability Standards OM2M architecture The ontologies of the SWoT Requirements Use case : a smart building Enriching, sharing
Standard drawbacks
Syntactical interoperability only ensured up to the container
No explicit semantics
Restricted discovery
Interoperability Standards OM2M architecture The ontologies of the SWoT Requirements Use case : a smart building Enriching, sharing
Semantics-dedicated resources
Semantic descriptor
Describes a resource it is atteched to
Carries an RDF/XML graph
Can redirect to other descriptors
Allows semantic discovery
Interoperability Standards OM2M architecture The ontologies of the SWoT Requirements Use case : a smart building Enriching, sharing
W3C WoT
Specifications : https://w3c.github.io/wot-architecture/
Figure: Image from the spec.
Interoperability Standards OM2M architecture The ontologies of the SWoT Requirements Use case : a smart building Enriching, sharing
AIOTI
A recent european consortium
Alliance for Internet of Things Innovation
European association based in Brussels since September 2016
What does it do ?
based on the IoT European Research Cluster ecosystem
Facilitator for european IoT stakeholders interaction
Interoperability Standards OM2M architecture The ontologies of the SWoT Requirements Use case : a smart building Enriching, sharing
IETF/IRTF
Standards and technologies for the internet
Roughly to the internet what the W3C is to the web (butcontributes to the web as well)
Standardization process
Produces interlinked RFCs
Known RFCs: HTTP, TCP, UDP, IPv6, SMTP, DNS...
Registration of resources to IANA
Interoperability Standards OM2M architecture The ontologies of the SWoT Requirements Use case : a smart building Enriching, sharing
Eclipse OM2M
Project hosted by Eclipse IoT
Horizontal service platform
REST interface
Implementation open-source deoneM2M
Project page :http://eclipse.org/om2m
Wiki : https:
//wiki.eclipse.org/OM2M/one
Source code :https://git.eclipse.org/r/
om2m/org.eclipse.om2m
Interoperability Standards OM2M architecture The ontologies of the SWoT Requirements Use case : a smart building Enriching, sharing
Extensible architecture
Interoperability Standards OM2M architecture The ontologies of the SWoT Requirements Use case : a smart building Enriching, sharing
OM2M query mechanism
Interoperability Standards OM2M architecture The ontologies of the SWoT Requirements Use case : a smart building Enriching, sharing
Semantic discovery
Interoperability Standards OM2M architecture The ontologies of the SWoT Requirements Use case : a smart building Enriching, sharing
Semantic discovery
Interoperability Standards OM2M architecture The ontologies of the SWoT Requirements Use case : a smart building Enriching, sharing
Semantic discovery
Interoperability Standards OM2M architecture The ontologies of the SWoT Requirements Use case : a smart building Enriching, sharing
Semantic discovery
Interoperability Standards OM2M architecture The ontologies of the SWoT Requirements Use case : a smart building Enriching, sharing
Semantic discovery
Interoperability Standards OM2M architecture The ontologies of the SWoT Requirements Use case : a smart building Enriching, sharing
Finding the right ontology : the LOV
A reference ontology catalogue
http://lov.okfn.org/
Interoperability Standards OM2M architecture The ontologies of the SWoT Requirements Use case : a smart building Enriching, sharing
Finding the right ontology
LOV4IoT
http:
//www.sensormeasurement.appspot.com/?p=ontologies
Interoperability Standards OM2M architecture The ontologies of the SWoT Requirements Use case : a smart building Enriching, sharing
Requirements-driven ontology design
The NeOn process
Defined by [2]
Different types of requirements
Conceptual requirements
Functional requirements
Interoperability Standards OM2M architecture The ontologies of the SWoT Requirements Use case : a smart building Enriching, sharing
Conceptual requirements : Identifying IoT core domains
Internetof Things
Actuator andAction
Sensor andObservation
Lifecyclemanagement
Service
Energymanagement
We identified coredomains, horizontalto the IoT
Each domain shouldbe covered by adetailed vocabulary
Interoperability Standards OM2M architecture The ontologies of the SWoT Requirements Use case : a smart building Enriching, sharing
Functional requirements
Reusability/extensibility
Compliance with the LOV requirements ([3])
Modularity ([4])
Ontology design pattern (ODP)([5, 6])
Alignment to upper ontologies
Need for reasoning
Context-awareness : [7]
Self-configuration : [8]
Service composition : [9]
Interoperability Standards OM2M architecture The ontologies of the SWoT Requirements Use case : a smart building Enriching, sharing
The ADREAM building
Over 6500 sensors in thebuilding
Small scale deployment inan appartment
A shared research platform
Interoperability Standards OM2M architecture The ontologies of the SWoT Requirements Use case : a smart building Enriching, sharing
The ADREAM building
Over 6500 sensors in thebuilding
Small scale deployment inan appartment
A shared research platform
Interoperability Standards OM2M architecture The ontologies of the SWoT Requirements Use case : a smart building Enriching, sharing
The ADREAM building
Over 6500 sensors in thebuilding
Small scale deployment inan appartment
A shared research platform
Interoperability Standards OM2M architecture The ontologies of the SWoT Requirements Use case : a smart building Enriching, sharing
IoT/WoT separation
Interoperability Standards OM2M architecture The ontologies of the SWoT Requirements Use case : a smart building Enriching, sharing
IoT/WoT separation
Interoperability Standards OM2M architecture The ontologies of the SWoT Requirements Use case : a smart building Enriching, sharing
IoT/WoT separation
Interoperability Standards OM2M architecture The ontologies of the SWoT Requirements Use case : a smart building Enriching, sharing
IoT-O in use: semIoTics
:Temperature auto:isConstrainedBy [
a auto:PropertyConstraint;
a auto:MaximumValue;
dul:value "24".]
Observations:obs a ssn:Observation;
ssn:hasResult "25";
:inRoom :Living.
auto:AboveThresholdProperty
SymptomsAction plan
:act a san:Actuation;
dul:hasValue "on";
san:wasActuationSent :Fan.
Raw observations 25 Raw actions HTTP POST...
Connected devices (via OM2M [?])
semIoTics
M
A P
E
Knowledge base(IoT-O andextensions)
User preference Admin. policies
Interoperability Standards OM2M architecture The ontologies of the SWoT Requirements Use case : a smart building Enriching, sharing
IoT-O in use: semIoTics
Observations:obs a ssn:Observation;
ssn:hasResult "25";
:inRoom :Living.
auto:AboveThresholdProperty
SymptomsAction plan
:act a san:Actuation;
dul:hasValue "on";
san:wasActuationSent :Fan.
Raw observations 25 Raw actions HTTP POST...
Connected devices (via OM2M [?])
semIoTics
M
A P
E
Knowledge base(IoT-O andextensions)
User preference Admin. policies
Enrichment and Lowering
Driven by user requirements
Behaviour parametrized by admins
Deployed in a “Cloud”
Interoperability Standards OM2M architecture The ontologies of the SWoT Requirements Use case : a smart building Enriching, sharing
OM2M in the generic architecture
Interoperability Standards OM2M architecture The ontologies of the SWoT Requirements Use case : a smart building Enriching, sharing
From raw data to shared knowledge
Interoperability Standards OM2M architecture The ontologies of the SWoT Requirements Use case : a smart building Enriching, sharing
From raw data to shared knowledge
Interoperability Standards OM2M architecture The ontologies of the SWoT Requirements Use case : a smart building Enriching, sharing
From raw data to shared knowledge
Interoperability Standards OM2M architecture The ontologies of the SWoT Requirements Use case : a smart building Enriching, sharing
From raw data to shared knowledge
Interoperability Standards OM2M architecture The ontologies of the SWoT Requirements Use case : a smart building Enriching, sharing
From raw data to shared knowledge
Interoperability Standards OM2M architecture The ontologies of the SWoT Requirements Use case : a smart building Enriching, sharing
Conclusion
The SWoT is getting traction through standardisation
There are numerous ontologies for the SWoT
Applying SWoT principles to a smart building helps sharingdata
Interoperability Standards OM2M architecture The ontologies of the SWoT Requirements Use case : a smart building Enriching, sharing
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