From Just Do It:To Considerations for Ensuring

All Children Benefit from Inclusion

Diane Bricker, Ph.D.University of Oregon

Presentation Overview

• Historical Perspective• Definitions• Complexity• Factors• Resources

History

• 1970’s work at Peabody College • 1980’s-1990’s integrated programs• Late 1990’s-2000’s questions arise• Current status

Definitions

• Variety of terms used• Salient features are:– Placing children together– Organized service– Conditions of equal access and diversity– Maximize developmental/social gains– All children benefit

Inclusion Complexity

• Variability of people, settings, goals, resources• Lamorey & Bricker review• Successful programs located in universities• Application of current scientific paradigm– Random assignment– Comparison which necessitate equal conditions

Proposed Shift in Conception of Inclusion

• From evidence-based practice• Accept as a value• Focus shifts to:– Developmental growth of individual children– Social interactions– Staff and caregiver satisfaction– Efficient and effective use of resources

Accountability

• Track progress toward goals• Examine social interactions• Measure staff/parental satisfaction• Evaluate resource use

Factors

• Program goals• Child status• Parental attitude and accommodations• Staff experience and expertise• Resources

Program Goals

• Should reflect a commitment to inclusive practice– Add a goal– Modify existing goal

Child Status

• Establish guidelines for child variability • Focus is on serving all children

Parental Attitude and Accommodations

• Parental attitude • Parental accommodations

Staff Expertise and Experience

• Lack of expertise with disabilities• Training the greatest need

Resources and Support

• Administrative support• Support from specialists

Resources

• Inclusion in early childhood By Allen & Cowdery, 2005• Blended practices By Grisham-Brown, Hemmeter & Prettie-

Frontczak, 2005• www.dec-sped.org• www.weac.org/issues• http://community.fpg.unc.edu

Summary

• From just do it• To careful consideration of how to do it

successfully for all children