Friendly Warning

Test # 1 TODAY:22 September (TUESDAY)

covers Chapter 1 & Terminology

NB. Testing will begin c. 3:30 pm

NO TEST # 1 Materialscovered today

3:00 – 3 :25 pm

Anything on following slides belongs to Test # 2 or later.

Chapter 2

• Earliest (original) US popular forms (18th C)

• Minstrelsy (1840s-80s, and beyond)

• Stephen Foster – 1st US popular composer

• Bands – Brass and other

• Tin Pan Alley – the Sheet Music Industry

• Ragtime (1880s-1910s) – syncopated piano

• Phonograph – modern technology

Stephen Foster(1826-1864)

• b. Pittsburgh, d. NYC(never in the South)

• 1st US professional song composer (“popular”)

• Over 200 songs

• Sold outright (no royalties)

• Hardworking “craftsman”

• Incredibly popular

• Marginally successful

• Stephen Foster(Memorial at U of Pitt )

“Old Folks at Home”(or “Way down upon the Swannee River….”)

Stephen Foster's Sketchbook:Old Folks at Home

Pee Dee River (South Carolina) Suwannee River (Florida)

Original lyrics: Florida State Song

Revised: State Song - Florida Dept. of State

Foster’s Songs

• Multiple audiences• “Genteel” tradition (sentimental)

- Parlor songs for home use

- Marilyn Horne sings Beautiful Dreamer (vaimusic.com) – YouTube

• Minstrelsy- work w/ Christy’s Minstrels- “Ethiopian Melodies”- “Plantation Songs”- Comic Songs

- OLD FOLKS AT HOME - Original 1851 Verses - Tom Roush- Johnny Cash - Camptown Races – YouTube- "Oh Susanna" as performed by Al Jolson - YouTube

“Jeanie with the Light Brown Hair”

Ex.: Jeanie With The Light Brown Hair - YouTube

“Jeanie” (p. 3-4)

“Jeanie” (p. 5-6)

Form of “Jeanie”

• Introduction (4 mm)

• “A1” Phrase – (4 mm) incomplete cadence

• “A2” Phrase – (4 mm) modulates to dominant

• “B” Phrase – (4 mm) new melody

• “A3” Phrase – (4 mm) strong cadence in tonic

• Repeat for each new stanza

• Coda

• A A B A = “Song Form”

Dance Music & (Brass) Bands

• Social activity for upper classes (& wannabes)

• Balls based in European social practices- formal dress & strict etiquette- pre-selected list of dances (group & couples)

• Dance types include: Cotillion (Promenade), Waltz, Polka, Mazurka, Two-Step, One-Step

• Rural imitations much less formal

Civil War Bands (and After)

“Town Bands”Danville, KY: Advocate-Messenger Brass Band

Allentown (PA) Band(since 1828!)

“Business Bands”

• Professional Concert Bands

• 50+ members (winds, brass & percussion)

• Sousa Band – most famous- John Philip Sousa (US Marine Band)- independent concert band

• Touring Ensemble (US & the World)

• Recording – early cylinders and records(Sousa opposed “mechanical music”)

The Sousa Band

Sousa Band (c. 1900)John Philip Sousa

(1854-1932)