Friendly Alert:

Listening Quiz # 2, FRIDAY(18 April 14)

covers Indonesia and Japan

(Any relevant examples from the Textbook CD set)

General African Music Traits

• Emphasis on Rhythm

• Use of Percussion

• Density of Timbre (“buzzy sound”)

• Use of Ostinato

• Use of interlocking parts

• Call and Response

• Controlled Improvisation

Ewe Tribal areas

Anlo-Ewe Tribe

• Primarily southern coastal Ghana

• Hierarchically organized society- tribal chiefs (regional and local)- age groups (local groups of similar ages)

• Dance Clubs (social identifiers, e.g., towns)- led by committees (hierarchical)- ensembles reflect social organization

• Semiprofessional (cf. Pygmy and Mande)

• Interlocking Parts (cooperative group)

Drums from Eastern Ghana

Gangkogui (timeline)

Axatse (timeline)

Atsimevu(leader)

Sogo, Kidi, Kaganu(left to right)

Anlo-Ewe Drum Ensemble

• Gangokui (clapperless double bell) -TIMELINE• Axatse (rattle – external beads on fishnet) - TIME• Atsimevu (largest drum, often on stand) - LEAD• Kaganu (medium small, semi-independent)• Sogo (small, 2-1/2 ft closed, hand, follower)• Kidi (small, 2 ft closed, sticks, follower)• See dancedrummer.com for examples• Also see Virtual Instrument Museum (Region: Africa)

for individual instruments

Yoruba Tribal region

Yoruba “Talking Drum”

African Drumming on YouTube

• YouTube - Akrowa Dance Ensemble, Drumming in Kokrobite Ghana

• YouTube - traditional Ewe drumming and singing

• YouTube - Ayan Bisi Adeleke - Master talking drummer - drum talks

• YouTube - Yoruba Bata Ensemble Drums for Orisa, volume 1

Africa(political)

Popular Music in Africa(mainly Nigeria & West Coast)

Yaw Ofori Singing Band(recorded by Union Trading Company [UTC] in 1940s?)

Ramblers Dance Band(“Highlife”, c. 1950s?)

E.T. Mensah and his Tempos Band

(Ghana, c. 1955)

Rhythm Aces performing at “Weekend in Havana”(Club in James Town, Ghana, c. 1950-60)

I. K. Dairo (1930-1996)

• Nigerian• Late 1950s – nationalism• Pan-Tribal influences

(Yoruba)• Talking Drum• Emphasis on Rhythm• Morning Star Orchestra• Blue Spots (1960s)• “Ju ju”

Jújú• Yoruba-based music (tribe of SW Nigeria)• Emerges in 1930s w/ trios

- a leader who sang and played the banjo- a shekere bottle-gourd rattle player- a jùjú (tambourine) drummer

• 1948 – addition of Yoruba talking drum• King Sunny’s Band (large lineup, up to 16+)

5-8 guitars, 2+ Talking drums, synthesizer(s), pedal steel guitar, miscellaneous percussion, 4 or more backup singers

• “Jújú Music” (Island Records, 1982) -200,000 copies sold [replacement for Bob Marley]

King Sunny Adé (b. 1946)“Minister of Enjoyment”

“Golden Mercury of Africa”

King Sunny and his African Beats

Highlife, JuJu, Afrobeat(Nigerian Pop)

• YouTube - Taxi Driver - A Highlife Classic• YouTube - Classic Highlife• YouTube - West African Highlife Band & Nigerian Brothers d

rum & chants• YouTube - JUJU MUSIC - Performance Documentary Trailer• YouTube - Dele Abiodun- Juju music -Nigeria Yoruba• YouTube - Juju Tempo Tola Osumare• YouTube - I.K. Dairo - Salome (Audio)• YouTube - I.K. Dairo MBE• YouTube - King Sunny Ade (KSA@60)• King Sunny Ade - Ja Funmi (Waka Version) - YouTube• YouTube - King Sunny Ade - Sunny Ti de Ariya (Audio)• YouTube - king sunny ade (AUDIO)