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Landscape Design

Key features of a French garden design:

The focus of the garden tends to be the house, usually a palace or chateau and paths radiate out of this creating long axial views.A geometric plan is used and symmetry is very important.A central axis leads away from the house - perpendicular to the house.Paths tend to be gravel and edged with clipped hedges and topiary laid out in symmetrical patterns.Water is often a key feature of French garden design and lots of round pools and long rectangles of water will be incorporated.Fountains and cascades are also very common features.Close to the house planting is kept low (no trees) and tends to consist of parterresFurther from the house paths are often edged with trees, these are almost almost always manipulated in some way. Trees are always planted in straight lines adding perspective and reinforcing the symmetry of the garden.Statuary is often used in French Garden Design. Pavilions and 'follies' are often incorporated too.there is almost always a terrace from where the garden and its symmetry can be seen from above.

Topiary

Cascade

Trees along pathFolliesPavilionsWater FeaturePlan of Versailles garden

Key features of a French garden design:

The English garden highlighted the variety of nature and its capacity to inspire the imagination.It usually included Ponds or a lake, Wilder foliage, Imitation ruins and grottos (often overrun by this wilder foliage), Expanses of rolling lawns and groves of trees. Visitors to an english garden were invited to wander its lawns, and the gardens were conceived as spaces of natural fantasy rather than geometric constructions of nature.

English garden" is characteristically on a smaller scale and more filled with "eye-catchers" than most English landscape gardens: grottoes, temples, tea-houses, belvederes, pavilions, sham ruins, bridges and statues, though the main ingredients of the landscapeThe ground is neither flat nor level. The four outer edges of the garden do allow enough grade to maintain the original drainage on the property. Each of the four 'rooms' of the garden tilts towards the center. These natural pits will hold and retain water and prevent excessive run-off during the region's normal rain showers.A labyrinth can be seen in the layout of the pathway, which is more complex than it might seem at first glance. In addition toornamental flowers, the peasants would grow plants that served practical purposes, such as:Apple treesand other fruit trees for foodCulinary herbs such asthyme

Tradional styles of Japanese garden

Karesansui gardensKaresansui gardens or "dry landscape gardens were influenced mainly by Zen Buddhism There is no water present in Karesansui gardens. However, there is raked gravel or sand that simulates the feeling of water. The rocks and moss are used to represent ponds, islands, boats, seas, rivers, and mountains in an abstract way. Example: Ryan-ji, temple in Kyoto

Tsukiyama GardensThey commonly strive to make a smaller garden appear more spacious. This is accomplished by utilizing shrubs to block views of surrounding buildings, and the garden's structure usually tries to make onlookers focus on nearby mountains in the distance.Ponds, streams, hills, stones, trees, flowers, bridges, and paths are also used frequently in this style.

Chaniwa Gardens These Gardens are built for holding tea ceremonies. The styles of both the tea hut and garden are based on the simple concepts of the Sado. There are :Stepping stones leading to the tea houseStone lanternStone basins where guests purify themselves before a ceremony.

Ryoan Ji, Kyoto

Ritsurin Garden, Kayawa

Katsura Garden, Kyoto

Ryoan Ji, Kyoto