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BackgroundBackground
English colonies were looking to expand into the Ohio River Valley
The valley was claimed by the French who built major fortifications
Britain and France had been mortal enemies for centuries
British troops marched into the valley and demanded that the French surrender territory in May 1754
Background (cont.)Background (cont.)
The British troops were lead by Lieutenant Colonel George Washington
The troops got stuck in the mud near Fort Duquesne in western Pennsylvania Washington built a makeshift fort he called
Fort Necessity
Washington was forced to surrender
He was allowed to go back to Virginia with his army and a surrender document
This mistake by Washington started the first World War – The Seven Years War
The Surrender at Fort Necessity
The WarThe War
The French and Indian War was fought all over the world, mostly in Europe and America
Indians fought along side the French
Britain sent 45,000 troops to America
These troops were possibly the best supplied and most mobile force in military history
France sent a mere 6,000 troops
British VictoriesBritish Victories
Quebec - September 18, 1759
Montreal – September 8, 1760
Treaty of Paris, 1763: In effect, France was removed from North America
Britain became the undisputed world leader
ConsequencesConsequences
Britain spent a tremendous amount of money – virtually broke
Colonial militias gained valuable battle experience
Taxes in the colonies rose substantially Prime Minister William Pitt believed that the
burden of paying for the war should fall mostly on the colonists