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� Contents Contents �
Contents
I. Introduction 7
1. Freighttransportandlogistics–thekeytoasustainabletransportpolicy 7
2. Theimportanceoffreighttransportandlogistics 8
a) Mobilityasthebasisofpersonalfreedomandsocialinclusion 8 b) Mobilityasadriverofeconomicgrowthandjobcreation 8
3. Freighttransportandlogisticsatthecentreofsocialchange–newchallenges 11 fortransportpolicy
a) Trafficgrowthasaresultofglobalizationandanincreasingdivisionoflabour 11 b) Climatechangeandenvironmentalprotection 12 c) Demographicchange 12 d) Changedconditionsofworkandskillsrequirements 13 e) Moreexactingsafetyandsecurityrequirements 14
4. Sustainabilityasabenchmarkoftransportpolicy 15
5. Transportpolicyinsocialdialogue 16
6. ObjectivesoftheMasterplan 18
A Makingoptimumuseoftransportinfrastructure–shapingtransport 18 tomakeitmoreefficient B Avoidingunnecessaryjourneys–ensuringmobility 19 C Shiftingmoretraffictotherailwaysandinlandwaterways 20 D Upgradingmoretransportarteriesandhubs 21 E Environmentallyfriendlyandclimate-friendlytransport 23 F Goodworkingconditionsandgoodtraininginthefreighttransportindustry 24
7. Implementation 26
II. Measures 27
A Makingoptimumuseoftransportinfrastructure–shapingtransporttomake 27 itmoreefficient
A1 Developanddeploymoretrafficmanagementsystemsonbusysectionsof 28 federalmotorway A2 Standardizeandlinkupthetrafficmanagementsystemsonfederal 29 motorwaysnationwide A3 Speedupimplementationofthe“Developmentprogrammetoincreasethe 30 numberofparkingareasatservicestationsandrestareasonfederalmotorways” A4 Continueandintensifythemeasurestotacklecongestionbyoptimizing 31 roadworksmanagement A5 Providetrafficinformationandcommunicationsservicesforheavygoodsvehicles 32 onthemotorwaynetworkbyusingtollinformation(value-addedservices) A6 DevelopastrategytospeedupintroductionoftheEuropeanTrainControlSystem(ETCS) 33 onfreightcorridorsinGermany A7 Developanationalportsstrategy 34 A8 Developanationalairportsstrategy 36 A9 Takeconcertedactionwithshippersandthefreighttransportsectortostagger 38 freighttraffic(extendingramptimes) A10 Createafocalpoint–theFederalGovernmentCommissionerforFreight 39 TransportandLogistics
B Avoidingunnecessaryjourneys–ensuringmobility 41
B1 UrbanLogisticsInitiative 42 B2 Stepupinvestmentininnovativeandcapacity-enhancingtechnologies 43 B3 Optimizetransittraffic 44 B4 Shortseashipping 45
C Shiftingmoretraffictotherailwaysandinlandwaterways 47
C1 Reviewtheregulatoryframeworkforfreighttransportinintermodalcompetition 48 C2 Increasefundingforcombinedtransport 49 C3 Evolvehandlingtechnologiesandorganizationincombinedtransport 50 C4 Internalizeexternalcosts 51
D Upgradingmoretransportarteriesandhubs 53
D1 Segregatefreightandpassengertraffic 54 D2 Reviewtherequirementplans 56 D3 PressaheadwiththeimplementationofPPPsolutionsforthespeedyandefficient 57 deliveryofmotorwaywideningandmotorwaymaintenanceprojects
E Environmentallyfriendly,climate-friendly,quietandsafetransport 59
E1 Developastrategytovarytollratesaccordingtotheroutedrivenandthetimeofday 60 E2 Mitigatenoiseontherailways 61 E3 Establishafinancialassistanceprogrammetoencouragetheuseofmoderntechnologies 62 toreducethenoisecausedbyrollingstock E4 Optimizeprocessesinthelogisticschaintakinggreateraccountofenvironmental 63 concerns E5 Furthertightenenvironmentalandsafetystandards(emissionsreduction,noise 64 mitigation,safetytechnology)
F Goodworkingconditionsandgoodtraininginthefreighttransportindustry 65
F1 Stepuptheenforcementofsociallegislationintheroadhaulagesectortoimprove 66 roadsafety F2 Launchabasicandfurthertraininginitiative 67 F3 Holdregularsummitsonthesubjectofworkandtraininginthefreighttransport 69 andlogisticssector F4 Launchalighthouseprojecttoimprovetheinternationalprofileoflogisticscourses 70 inhighereducation F5 Monitortheworkingconditionsinthefreighttransportandlogisticssectoraspart 71 ofthemarketobservationactivitiesoftheFederalOfficeforGoodsTransport F6 Improveseafarers‘workingandlivingconditions 72
G FurthermeasurestomakeGermanyevenmoreattractiveasacentreforlogistics 73
G1 Establishafreighttransportandlogisticsnetwork 74 G2 ImplementamarketingstrategytopromoteGermanyasacentreforlogistics 75 G3 Securitystrategyforthefreighttransportandlogisticsindustry 76
Glossary of abbreviations 77
� Introduction �
I. Introduction
1. Freighttransportandlogistics–thekeytoasustainabletransportpolicy
Thefutureshapeoffreighttransportwillalso decidewhatthetransportsystemasawhole inGermanywilllooklike.Atthesametime, itwillalsobecrucialindecidingwhether,in twentyyears’time,wehaveatransportsystem thatensuresmobility,prosperityandjobswhilereflectingenvironmentalconcerns.Andthe futureshapeoffreighttransportwillalsodecidewhethertransportcontributestoabetter qualityoflifeorbecomesaburdenonhumans
andtheenvironment.ThatiswhytheFreight TransportandLogisticsMasterplanisadocumentthatsetsthedirectionfortransportpolicyasawhole.Becausepassengerandfreight transportarecloselyinterlinked.Peopleand goodsuselargelythesameinfrastructure. Ifgoodsgetstuckinatrafficjam,peopleget heldupaswell.Freighttransportandlogistics thusplayakeyroleinoureffortstoshapeour overalltransportsystem.
� Introduction Introduction �
�. Theimportanceoffreighttransportandlogistics
a) Mobilityasthebasisofpersonal
freedomandsocialinclusion
Freighttransportandpassengertransport servedifferentexpectationsthatcitizenshave oftheirtransportsystem.Butitisnotonly passengertransportthatisaboutpeople.The sameappliestofreighttransportandlogistics: beitassomeonewhodispatchesorordersconsignments,beitasanoperatororanemployee inthesupplychain,beitasaconsumerofthe deliveredproducts.
Freighttransportcanonlybeviewedas partofmobilityasawhole.Thetransportand supplyofgoodsisanessentialbasisofour qualityoflifeandself-development,while formingamajorprerequisiteofsocialinteraction.Mobilityeducatesusbyprovidinguswith freedomofmovement,abasicconditionofour personalfreedom.Withoutmobility,neither personalself-developmentnordirectcommunicationwithotherpeopleispossible.Atthe
sametime,mobilityfacilitatessocialinclusion, becauseitisabsolutelyessentialifpeopleare toparticipatefullyinworkinglife,ineducationandculture,andinsociallifeasawhole. Conversely,thisalsoappliestothetransport ofgoods.Freighttransportandlogisticsmove goodstowherepeopleneedthem.Indoingso, theycreatethematerialconditionsforpeople todevelopandforsocialexchange,which manifestsitselfinthetradeingoodsandproducts.Andthereisanothersocialelementinvolved.Freighttransportandlogisticsservices areprovidedbypeopleforpeople.Thatiswhy thepresentMasterplanaddressesnotonlythe transportsystemassuch,butalsothecompaniesthatoperateinthefreighttransportand logisticssectorandtheiremployees,without whoseworkfreighttransportandlogistics wouldnotfunctioninthefirstplace.
b) Mobilityasadriverofeconomic
growthandjobcreation
Mobility–beitthemobilityofpeople themselvesorthetransportofgoods–isa majorbasisofprosperityandemployment. Becausethesearebasedonproductioncharacterizedbythedivisionoflabourandon theexchangeofproductsandservices.Fora modernindustrialandserviceeconomybased onthedivisionoflabour,transport–which,as commercialtransport,comprisesbothfreight transportandpassengertransportservices –isthusanindispensableprerequisite.
Freighttransportandlogisticsarethe linchpinofoureconomy,whichisbasedon adivisionoflabour.Companiesengagedin tradeandindustrydependonreliableand
punctualtransportoperations.Thisbecomes apparentinparticularwhenthefreighttransportandsupplychainfailstooperatesmoothly.Theresultisnotinfrequentlyalossof productionwithinaveryshortperiodoftime, andpeoplebecomeawareofsomethingthat hasbeenlargelyforgotten,giventhefactthat thetransportandlogisticssysteminGermany usuallyoperatessowell.Namelythatalmost everyjobintradeandindustrydependsdirectlyorindirectlyonaproperlyfunctioning logisticsandtransportsystem.
Oneofthemainreasonswhytransport isofsuchtremendousimportanceisthat theGermaneconomyisdependentonexports.Thecontributionmadebyexportsto Germangrossdomesticproductrosesharplyfrom16%toover23%between1995and 2006.Thistrendwillcontinueinthefuture, withaforecastannualgrowthinexportsof
aroundthreepercent.Exportsarethusthe crucialgrowthengineoftheGermaneconomy.Theimportofintermediateproducts –likewiseontherise–alsomakesacontributiontothis.Germanyisahigh-technology location.Assuch,itisbecomingincreasingly dependent,withintheframeworkofaglobaldivisionoflabour,onimportedinputs, whoseprocessingandfinalassemblyin Germanycreatesjobsandsafeguardsthe competitivenessofGermancompanies.
However,thisdynamismwouldnotbe possiblewithoutaproperlyfunctioning freighttransportandlogisticssystem.This transportsystemrepresentsasignificant locationaladvantageinglobalcompetition. ItmakesGermanyamoreattractiveplacefor foreigninvestorsandhelpstocreatenewjobs intradeandindustry.Thismeansthatfreight transportandlogisticsareamajorprerequi
10 Introduction Introduction 11
siteforensuringthecompetitivenessofthe Germaneconomyonalong-termbasis.
Asaresultofthiseconomicimportance, thelogisticssectoritselfhasgrownsteadilyin recentyears:
• Thelogisticssector,whichtodaydirectly employsover2.6millionpeople,isoneof thelargestandmostdynamicallydevelopinglabourmarketsinGermany.
• Withanestimatedturnoverofaround 836billioneuros(EU27plusNorwayand Switzerland,2006figures),thelogistics industryoccupiesthirdpositioninthe leaguetableofmajorEuropeaneconomic sectors,onlyjustbehindtheconstruction andfoodindustriesandwayaheadofthe metalworkingandautomotiveindustries.
• Withaturnoverof189billioneurosand a21%share,Germanyisbyfarthemost importantEuropeanlogisticsmarket.1
Freighttransportandlogisticsthusform animportant–andoftenunderestimated –basisofourprosperity.Theyaredriversof economicgrowthandemployment.
Thepoliticalpartiesthatmakeupthe FederalGovernmenthaverecognizedthis importance.Inthecoalitionagreementof 11November2005,theyagreedtocontinueto consolidate“Germany’sleadingpositionasa logisticshub”,topromote“aninternationallycompetitiveframeworkforGermanyasa logisticshub”and“inparticular,tomakethe
transportsystemasawholemoreefficientfor freighttransportandtooptimizeutilizationof thetransportinfrastructure.”
Onthisbasis,theFederalMinisterof Transport,BuildingandUrbanAffairsseized theinitiativeforthedevelopmentofaFreight TransportandLogisticsMasterplancovering awidecross-sectionofsociety.Thefactthat thisinitiativehasattractedgreatparticipation fromindustry,academiaandnon-governmentalorganizationsillustratesthattheshaping ofourfreighttransportandlogisticssystem isakeyissueofsustainablesocietalmodernization,andthatpeoplebelievethereisagreat needforactioninthissphere.
Thankstoitstechnology-oriented measures,inparticular,theFreightTransport andLogisticsMasterplanmakesacontributiontotheinnovationpolicyobjectivesofthe FederalGovernment’shigh-techstrategyin the“vehicleandtransporttechnology”fieldof innovation.
�. Freighttransportandlogisticsatthecentreofsocial change–newchallengesfortransportpolicy
Germanyhasoneofthemostmodern transportinfrastructuresintheworld,witha denseandefficientnetworkofroads,railways, waterways,portsandairports.Thelogistics systemshavebeendevelopedtoaveryhigh standard.TheFederalGovernment’sobjectiveistolastinglysecuretheleadingposition thatGermanyenjoysinfreighttransportand logisticsandintransportinfrastructure.To achievethisgoal,boththepublicandprivate sectorshavetoaddresstheeconomic,social andecologicalchallenges.
a) Trafficgrowthasaresultofglobalization
andanincreasingdivisionoflabour
Thefirstand,atthesametime,keychal lengetowhichtheFederalGovernmentis
respondingwiththisMasterplanisthedrastic riseintheleveloffreighttrafficthatislikely asaresultofglobalizationandincreasing divisionoflabourintheeconomy.Increasing specializationanddivisionoflabourwilllead toafurtherriseininternationaltrade.The resultwillbethatmoreandmoregoodsare transportedoverincreasinglylongdistances. Thismeansthatthereislikelytobeasharpincreaseinthedemandforlogisticsandfreight transportservices.
Ifwedonotreacttothis,theresultwillbe thattonne-kilometresinGermanyarelikely toriseby71%between2004and2025.Inthe roadhaulagesector,thisrisewillbehigher (79%)andinlong-distanceroadhaulageit willbeashighas84%.2Moreover,sincethis risewilldifferfromoneregiontothenext,itis likelythatfreighttrafficlevelswillalmostdou bleonsometrunkroads.Ifthisforecastrise weretobecomereality,itwouldmean:where todayonelaneofamotorwayisusedbyheavy goodsvehicles,injustundertwentyyearstwo laneswouldbenecessarytocopewiththe increasedvolumeoffreighttraffic.Inaddition, passengertrafficwillalsoincrease,although atamuchlowerrate(19%).
Itisobviousthatsuchgrowthpresents transportpolicymakerswithgreatchallenges. Theyhavetoensurethateconomicgrowth andjobs,onwhichwedependtosecureour prosperity,arenotconstrictedbybottlenecks inthetransportsystem.Inadequatetransport
1 DatafromFraunhoferInstituteforIntegratedCircuits–WorkingGroupforTechnologiesintheLogisticsServicesIndustry(2005):
2 IntraplanConsultGmbHandBVUBeratergruppeVerkehr+UmweltGmbH(2007):PrognosederdeutschlandweitenVerkehrsver-
LogistikstandortDeutschland;FraunhoferInstituteforIntegratedCircuits–WorkingGroupforTechnologiesinLogisticsSer flechtungen2025,R&DNo96.0857/2005,commissionedbytheFederalMinistryofTransport,BuildingandUrbanAffairs. vices(2007):TOP100inEuropeanTransportandLogisticsServices.
1� Introduction Introduction 1�
infrastructurewouldhaveanadverseimpact notonlyontheGermaneconomybutonour mobilityasawhole.Becausecongestionaffectsgoodsandpeoplealike.Thismeansthat increasinglevelsoffreighttrafficwillaggra vatetheconflictswithpassengertraffic.Thus, itisnotjustaquestionofensuringtheproper functioningofourfreighttransportsystem asabasisofcompetitivenessandeconomic growth.Thechallengealsoinvolvesorganizingfreighttransportinsuchawaythatithas aslittleadverseimpactaspossibleonpeople’s mobility–morespecificallyonpassenger transport.
b) Climatechangeandenvironmental
protection
Moretraffic,ifitisnotorganizedmoreefficiently,alsomeansmoreemissionsofpollutantsandCO²,morenoiseandmorelandtake. Inaddition,theenergyconsumedbytransport causesproblems,because71%ofalltransport intheEuropeanUnionisdependentonpetroleum,andintheroadtransportsectorthis figurerisesto97%.Moreover,transportisre sponsibleforaround20%ofallCO²emissions intheEU.Roadhaulageaccountsforaround onethirdofallCO emissionsfromroadtrans²port.AsCO²emissionsfromprivatetransport continuetodeclineandthevolumeofroad haulageincreasesaspredicted,thisratiowill increasinglydeterioratetothedisadvantageof roadhaulage.Andthereisanotherfactorhere. Giventhefactthatthecostandenergyeffi ciencyoflargedieselenginesisalreadyhigh today,thetechnologicalscopeforconceivable furthersavingsinheavygoodsvehicleengines islimited–unlikepassengercarengines–and, moreover,thesesavingswillnotbepossiblein theshortterm.
ThisbringsustothesecondmajorchallengeaddressedbythisMasterplan.Wehaveto maketransportenvironmentallyacceptable andclimate-friendlyandshapeitinsuchaway thatithasaslittleadverseimpactaspossible onourqualityoflife.Thismeansthattransporthastoconsumelessenergyandbecome moreefficient,cleanerand,notleast,quieter. Thisisalsointhefreighttransportsector’s owninterests,andtheyrealizethis.Because noise,environmentalpressuresandhealthhazardscausedbyfreighttrafficwill,inthelong run,meanthatthepopulationislesswillingto acceptfreighttransport.
c) Demographicchange
AccordingtoforecastsbytheFederalStatisticaloffice,thepopulationofGermanywill
declinefromitspresentfigureof82.5million toaround74millionby2050.3
However,becauseoftheaforementioned impactsofgreaterspecializationanddivision oflabour,thisdeclinewillnot,inthemedium term,resultinadropinfreighttrafficlevels. However,demographicchangedoespresent transportpolicymakerswithsignificant challengesinthatthepopulationtrendswill differwidelyfromoneregiontothenextand, asaresult,therewillberegionaldifferencesin thewayinwhichthegrowthoffreighttraffic flowsevolves.Whereasinsomeregionsthere islikelytobeonlyamoderateriseinthelevel offreighttraffic,therewillbemuchmore pronouncedgrowthinthevolumeoffreight trafficonthemaintransportarteriesleading toandfromseaportsandbetweenthemajor conurbations.Theseregionallydifferentiated trendsmeanthatthefreighttransportindustrywillhavetomakemajoradjustments. Butitisuptotransportpolicymakers,more thananyoneelse,toestablishinfrastructure investmentprioritiesthatreflectthedifferent requirements.Investmentintheforeseeable pinchpointsinthetransportsystemonthe mainarterieswillthusbeofkeyimportance. Thiswillalsobenefitthepopulationinless favouredareas,becauseregionswithadecliningpopulationandlowertrafficgrowthare alsodependentonthesupplyofgoodsviathe busymainsupplyarteriesbeingsecure.
Demographicchangeimpactsonthe freighttransportandlogisticssysteminanotherrespect.Itentailschangedlogisticsand mobilityrequirementsofanageingpopulationand,asaresult,presentsthetransport
3 FederalStatisticalOffice(2006):11thcoordinated
populationprojection.
andlogisticsindustrywithanopportunity todevelopnewlogisticsproductsandtap intonewmarkets.Therisingproportionof elderlyconsumerscallsforarethinknotonly inproductdevelopmentandmarketing,but alsoinlogisticsservices.Thiscouldresultina wideningoftherangeoflogisticsservices,for instancebytheestablishmentofspecialdeliveryandtransportservices.Thus,therising averageageofthepopulationwillalsonot resultinlesstraffic.Rather,thereislikelyto beariseinthenumberofdelivery,homeand healthcareservices.Thisisyetanotherreason why,despiteadecliningpopulation,therewill beafurtherincreaseinpassengerandtonne kilometres.
d) Changedconditionsofworkand
skillsrequirements
Itistruethatoperatorsinthefreight transportandlogisticssectorbenefitfrom therisingdemandforfreighttransportthat increasingglobalizationandspatialand functionaldivisionoflabourinvolve.Butthey
1� Introduction Introduction 1�
alsofaceincreasingchallengesinthattheyare confrontedwithagrowingdemandforlabour whiletheworkforceitselfisshrinking.Today, already,manyfieldsofthefreighttransport andlogisticssectorareexperiencingdifficulty inrecruitingskilledpersonnel.Anageingand decliningpopulationwillmakeitevenmore difficulttomeetthedemandforskilledlabour inthedecadesahead.Thus,thelogisticssector,likeGermanindustryasawhole,facesthe challengeofpreventingaslowdowningrowth causedbylowermanpowerresourcesresultingfromdemographicchange.
Atthesametime,advancingspecializa tion,technologicalinnovationsandincreasinginternationalcompetitionareradically changingtheconditionsofworkandtheskills requirementsforpeopleemployedinthe freighttransportandlogisticssector,44%of whomwerewithoutvocationaltrainingas recentlyas2004.4 Risingskillsrequirements couldmeanthattheshortageofskilledlabour becomesaproblemforlogisticsoperatorsin themediumterm.Theworkforceisbecoming akeyfactorforthesuccessfuldevelopment ofthelogisticsandtransportindustry.Inthe future,therefore,itscompetitivenesswilldependprimarilyonwhetheroperatorssucceed intrainingtheiremployeestogivethemthe skillstheyrequireand–giventhattheirwork willbecomemoredemanding–inmotivating them.Here,in-companybasicandfurther trainingwillplayakeyrole.
Atthesametime,increasingglobal competitionwillintensifythecompetitive environmentinwhichthefreighttransport
industryanditsworkforceoperate.Logistics takesplaceworldwideandaroundtheclock. Operatorsandtheirworkforcewillfaceincreasingpressuretomeettightdeliverydeadlines. Inadditiontostafftraining,therefore,the creationofgoodworkingconditionsisakey taskthatoperatorshavetoaddress.Itistheresponsibilityofthegovernmenttoenacteffectivesociallegislationandmonitorcompliance withit.
e) Moreexactingsafetyandsecurity
requirements
Risinglevelsoffreighttraffic,theincre asingworkloadofpeopleemployedinthe freighttransportindustry,plusthehigher averageageofroadusersresultingfromdemographicchangeandthethreatofnatural disastersmeanthattransportpolicymakers arehavingtofocusmoreonquestionsof transportsafety.Inaddition,thereisaneedfor transportsecuritytoprotectthesupplychains againstthethreatposedbyterrorists.
Globalizationandtheassociatedinterde pendencebetweennationaleconomieshave madefreighttransportandlogisticsmore vulnerable.TheFederalGovernmentconsiders ittobeajointtasktoenhancethesecurityof thesupplychainsandthusalsoofthepeople employedinthefreighttransportindustry. Whatisneedediscontinuousinternational agreementonhowtoensuresecurityfor transportandtradeflows.Lastingsafetyand securityincross-bordertransportisonlypossiblethroughinternationalcooperation.The challengeconsistsoforganizingthemeasures
requiredforenhancingsafetyandsecurityin suchawaythattheyhaveaslittleadverseimpactaspossibleontheabilityofthetransport systemtooperateefficientlyandspeedilyand
thatthefinancialandadministrativeburdens onoperatorsandthepublicauthoritiesareminimized,whileensuringthatthepopulationis suppliedinanoptimummanner.
�. Sustainabilityasabenchmarkoftransportpolicy
Inachangingenvironment,preserving mobilitymeansreshapingtransport.Thisis theresponsibilityofgovernment,industryand civilsociety.
Inthiscontext,theFederalGovernmentis guidedbytheprincipleofsustainability.This
means,firstandforemost,thattransportpo licyistheretoservepeople,andthatincludes futuregenerations.Transportpolicymustbe fashionedinsuchawaythatmobilityremains possible,asthebasisofindividualdevelopmentandsocialexchange,andthatthefoundationsofourprosperityarepreserved.Toput
FraunhoferInstituteforIntegratedCircuits–WorkingGroupforTechnologiesintheLogisticsServicesIndustry(2006):Stand undEntwicklungderLogistikinDeutschland,commissionedbytheFederalMinistryofTransport,BuildingandUrbanAffairs.
4
1� Introduction Introduction 1�
itanotherway,themobilityweenjoytoday andthewayinwhichweshapeourtransport systemanditsinfrastructuremustnotbeat theexpenseofthemobilityandqualityoflife ofourchildrenandgrandchildren.
TheFederalGovernment’stransportpolicyisthusbasedonthethreebenchmarksof sustainableaction:
1. Theeconomicbenchmark–transportisto
makealastingcontributiontoprosperity, employmentandthecompetitivenessof theGermaneconomy,withoutimpacting excessivelyonotherlanduses.Competition,asadriverofqualityandefficiency,is ofgreatimportancehere.
2. Theecologicalbenchmark–transportis tobeshapedinsuchawaythatnatural
�. Transportpolicyinsocialdialogue
Sustainability,asthecombinationof economic,ecologicalandsocialrequirements, cannotbeachievedunlessallstakeholdersare involved.Thus,fromtheoutset,theprocessof developingtheMasterplanaimedtolinkup playersfromindustry,academia,government andcivilsocietyonabroadbasisandtoovercomestructuresofthinkingandworkingthat are“setinstone”.Tolaunchsuchajointprocessofdevelopmentandlearning,theFederal MinistryofTransport,BuildingandUrban Affairsstagedanumberofthematicworkshopswithexpertsfromindustry,academia, authoritiesofthefederalstatesandassociations(includingunions,tradeassociationsand environmentalistgroups).
resourcesandthusalsothequalityoflife ofthepresentandfuturegenerationsare preserved.
3. Thesocialbenchmark–transportistoenableeveryonetoparticipateinpubliclife. Transportpolicythushasasocialresponsibility–foraffordablemobility,forsafety andfairnessintransportandforgood workingconditionsforpeopleemployed inthefreighttransportindustry.
TheFederalGovernmenthasthusadopted anintegralapproachinthisMasterplan.The aimsofthemeasurescontainedintheMasterplanareeconomicefficiency,environmental friendlinessandsocialresponsibility.
Atotalofover700participantscontributedtheirexpertiseandexperience.Theresults ofthisdialogueprocesshavebeendrawn togetherinalistwithproposedmeasures. ThisMasterplanistheoutcomeofaprocess inwhichthefederalstates,associationsand FederalGovernmentdepartmentswereinvolved.ThiswasfollowedbyaprocessofassessmentbytheFederalMinistryofTransport, BuildingandUrbanAffairs,duringwhichthe othergovernmentdepartmentshadanopportunitytoprovidecomments.
InSeptember2007,theFederalMinister ofTransport,BuildingandUrbanAffairsset outhisbenchmarkforassessingtheproposals
foractionresultingfromthedialogueprocessinthe“TransportPolicyGuidancefora FreightTransportandLogisticsMasterplan”. Inlinewiththisguidance,andasaresultof theconsultationsbetweenthegovernment departments,withthefederalstatesand stakeholdersfromindustry,academiaand associations,thepresentMasterplanofthe FederalGovernmenthasbeendevelopedfor thefuturedirectionoffreighttransportin Germany.Giventhelargenumberofenvisagedtargetsandproposedmeasures,not allofwhichwereconvergent,theaimofthe Masterplanwastocarryoutaninitialpriori
tization,whichwillbecontinuouslyreviewed andupdatedinaccordancewiththecriteriaof sustainability(includingthefinancialcriteria).
Responsibilityforimplementingthe measuresenumeratedinthisMasterplan lieswiththedifferentplayers.Thus,foreach measure,theMasterplanstateswhoisresponsibleforitsimplementation.AndthesameappliestoimplementationasappliedtotheprocessofdevelopingtheMasterplan.Itwillnot beasuccessunlessallsidescontinuetobewillingtoengageinadialogueandtocooperate.
1� Introduction Introduction 1�
AstheEuropeanUniongrowsmoreclosely together,transportpolicyhastobeconceived andplannedinEuropeanterms.Therewas anintensiveexchangeofviewsbetweenthe FederalMinistryofTransport,Buildingand UrbanAffairsandtheEuropeanCommission. ThatisthereasonwhytheFreightTransport andLogisticsMasterplanandtheEU’sAction
�. ObjectivesoftheMasterplan
A Makingoptimumuseoftransport
infrastructure–shapingtransport
tomakeitmoreefficient
Inviewoftheconsiderablegrowthin trafficandthetightconstraintsonpublic funding,theFederalGovernment’sforemost objectiveistoenhanceefficiencyandtomake
PlanforFreightTransportLogistics,whichwas presentedintheautumnof2007,areseamlesslylinkedandcomplementeachother.Itis nowimperativethatwecontinuethisdialogue withthegreaterinvolvementofourEuropean neighbours,someofwhomhavelikewisestartedtodevelopmasterplans.
optimumuseoftheexistingcapacityinherent inourtransportsystem.Itwillnotbepossible tocopewiththeexpectedadditionaltraffic volumebysimplyconstructingnewandupgradingexistingtransportinfrastructure.For financialandeconomicreasons,forreasons ofnatureconservationandlandscapeprotection,toensurethatlandisavailableforagricu
lturalproductionandtopreventanyfurther deteriorationinthequalityoflifeofpeople livingalongtransportroutes,itisimperative thatoptimumusebemadeoftheexisting infrastructureinordertolimitupgradingand newconstructiontothatwhichisabsolutely essentialandtofocussuchworkprimarilyon removingbottlenecksinthetransportsystem.
TheFederalGovernment’saimisthus tobetterinterlinktheindividualmodesof transportaspartofanintegratedtransport systeminordertomakeoptimumuseofthe strengthsinherentineachmodeandenhance thecapacityofthesystemasawhole.Within theframeworkofsuchanintegratedtransport strategy,theFederalGovernmentattaches greatimportancetoseaports,inlandportsand airportsaskeypointsofinterchangebetween thedifferentmodesoftransport.TheFederal MinistryofTransport,BuildingandUrbanAffairswillthereforepresentaNationalAirports StrategyandaNationalPortsStrategyinorder toenhancethecompetitivenessofGerman portsandairportsandimprovethelinks betweenthesetransporthubsandtheinter-urbantransportnetwork.Inthefuture,itwillbe importantnotonlytomakegreateruseofthe environmentallyfriendlyinlandwaterways butalsotomakegreateruseofthepotential inherentinmaritimeshippingovermedium distances(shortseashipping).Bydoingso,it willbepossibletoreducetheleveloffreight carriedbyroadandrailandfreeupadditional capacityinthosemodes.
Inaddition,theFederalGovernmentwill significantlyexpandtheuseofelectronic trafficcontrolandmanagementsystemsin allmodesinordertoachievebettercontrolof
trafficflows,whichinturnwillspreadtheload ontransportinfrastructuremoreevenlyand enhancethecapacityoftheinfrastructure. Inthefederaltrunkroadssector,theaimisto significantlyreducecongestionbyinstalling furtheractiveandstrategictrafficmanage mentsystems,byallowingmovingtrafficto usethehardshoulderatcertaintimesand byintroducingaroadworksmanagement systemthatminimizescongestion.Onthe railwaysandwaterways,latentcapacityisto besystematicallyunlockedbyusingmodern telematicstechnologies.Atthesametime,all thesemeasureswillhelptoenhancetransport safety.
Ifanintegrated,high-capacitytransport systemistobepreservedonapermanentbasis,itisabsolutelyessentialthatthelong-term functionalityoftransportinfrastructurebe ensuredinthefaceoftheforeseeableimpacts ofclimatechange.TheFederalMinistryof Transport,BuildingandUrbanAffairswillthereforereviewthepotentialinherentininland waterwaysinaresearchprogramme,against thebackgroundofclimatechange,anddevelopadaptationstrategiesinordertoensurethe long-termfutureofinlandnavigationinGermanyasanenvironmentallyfriendlymodeof transport.
B Avoidingunnecessaryjourneys–
ensuringmobility
Inadditiontomakingbetteruseofexistingtransportinfrastructure,anotheroverridingobjectiveoftheFederalGovernmentisto avoidunnecessaryfreightmileagewherever thisispossiblewithouthavinganadverse impactontheeconomy.Withoutproactive
�1�0
transportpolicymeasures,therisinglevelsof freighttrafficwouldnotonlyhaveasignifi cantimpactontheenvironmentandpeople’s qualityoflife.Theywouldalsoentailtherisk ofourmobilitycomingtoastandstillintotal gridlockoncertaintransportarteries.Thishas tobeprevented.
Withregardtofreighttransport,theFederalGovernmentthusbelievesthatmaximum efficiencyintrafficmanagement,optimized controloflogisticsprocessesandtheremoval ofbottlenecksinthetransportsystemare absolutelyessentialtoensurethatavoidable journeysdonotactuallytakeplace.Avoiding
unnecessaryjourneysbymeansofgreaterefficiencywillcutoperators’costsandthusalso benefittheindustry.Logisticsstrategieshave tobeevolvedsothatfreighttransportoperationscanbeconsolidatedwhereverpossible (e.g.incitylogistics)andincentiveshavetobe createdforanevergreaterreductioninthe
Introduction
numberofemptyjourneys.Itisuptooperatorstostepuptheirinvestmentininnovative technologiesandmaketheircontributionto avoidingunnecessaryjourneys.
Inaddition,theFederalGovernmentwill vigorouslylobbyatEuropeanleveltoensure thattransittrafficinandthroughEurope movesefficientlyandsustainably.Germanyre cognizesitsEuropeanresponsibilityasatrans porthubandtransitcountry.Thatiswhyitis necessary,inEurope,tofindwaysofstrengthe ningtheLisbonprocessandminimizingthe impactoftransittrafficontheenvironment andqualityoflife.
C Shiftingmoretraffictotherailways
andinlandwaterways
TheFederalGovernmentispursuingthe objectiveofshiftingmuchmoretraffictothe railwaysandwaterways.Forthisreason,itwill establisharegulatoryframeworkandinvestmentprioritiesthatwillenabletherailmode toincreaseandsustainitsshareoffreight trafficby2025.Themeasuresdesignedto strengthenrailfreightmayatthesametime helptoenhancethecapacityoftherailwaysin thepassengersector.
Strengtheningtherailwaysandwaterwaysisamajorcontributiontowardsmaking ourtransportsystemmoreclimate-friendly andmoreenvironmentallyfriendly.Inaddition,shiftingtraffictotherailwaysandwa terwayswillalsohelptofreeupcapacityon theroadsandtacklecongestion.Thus,road transportwillalsobenefitfromastrengthe ningoftherailwaysandwaterways.Itisthus innowayaquestionofplayingtheindividual modesoffagainsteachother.Rather,theFede
ralGovernment’saimisthat,withinanintegratedtransportsystem,theindividualmodes shouldbeusedandinterlinkedinsuchaway thattheycandeploytheirinherentstrengths inanoptimummanner.
TheFederalGovernmentsupports measuresthatwillresultinmorecompetition inrailtransport.Europeanintegration,with theopening-upofthemarketforinternational railfreight,isthusviewedpositively.TheFederalGovernmentsupportsthecontinuationof Europeanliberalizationefforts.Thefactthat thereisstillalackofharmonizationmustnot beusedasanexcusebyindividualcountries toback-pedalonliberalizationorsuspendit. Enhancingcompetitioninrailtransportwill improveitscompetitivenessvis-à-vistheother modesoftransport.Astartshouldbemade byevolvingtheregulatoryframework.The FederalGovernmentwillalsolobbyatEuropeanlevelforfairconditionsofcompetition betweenthemodesoftransport.
D Upgradingmoretransportarteries
andhubs
Avoidingunnecessaryjourneys,efficient trafficmanagementandamodalshiftwillnot, bythemselves,besufficienttosecureourmo bilityinthelongterm.Therearealreadynoticeablebottlenecksinourtransportinfrastructure,andthevolumeoftrafficisforecastto risesignificantly.Againstthisbackground, theFederalGovernmentwillstepupitsefforts toupgradethetransportinfrastructureona humanscaleandinanenvironmentallysound manner.Indoingso,itwilltakeaccountof noisemitigationaswellastheotheraspects ofenvironmentalprotectionandnature conservation,plustheinterestsofagriculture andforestry.Plansaretobegearedtoaneven greaterextenttotheneedsofthepeopleinthe localcommunities.
Inordertotakeaccountofthefuture upgradingrequirementsaswellastherising
�� Introduction Introduction ��
expenditurenecessaryforthemaintenance ofexistingnetworksresultingfromtheincreasingwearandtearonthetransport infrastructure,whichtodayalreadyconsumesalmosttwothirdsoftotalinvestment intransportinfrastructur5,theFederal Governmenthasincreasedthefederalfundingavailableforinvestmentintransport infrastructure.Itcallsonthefederalstates andlocalauthoritiestolikewisesignificantly increasetransportinvestmentintheirareasof responsibility.Despiterisingexpenditureon maintenance,thefinancialscopeforatarge tedupgradingofthetransportinfrastructure istobeensuredinthefuture,givingdue considerationtobudgetaryrequirements.
Despiterisinglevelsofinvestment,itis stillnecessarytodefineprioritiesinupgra dinginfrastructure.Here,itisnecessaryto takeaccountoftheconsiderabledifferences intraffictrends.Forthisreason,theFederal Governmentwillgiveprioritytoupgrading thosetransportarteriesandhubswherethere arealreadycapacityconstraintstodayor wheresuchconstraintsarelikelyinthemediumtermbecausetrafficvolumesarerisingata disproportionatelyhighrate,andthosearteriesandhubswhereanappropriateadaptation ofthetransportsystemwouldmakeitpossible tobetterexploitexistingsparecapacity.This applies,forinstance,tothesomeoftheroutes toandfromportsandsomenorth-southrou
5 Cf.FederalMinistryofTransport,BuildingandUrbanAffairs(2007):Investitionsrahmenplanbis2010
fürdieVerkehrsinfrastrukturdesBundes.
tes,whichhavealmostreachedtheircapacity limitstodayandwillhavetocopewithadisproportionatelyhighgrowthintrafficlevelsin thefuture.Upgradingthesebottlenecksinour transportsystemwillalsobenefittheprovi sionoflinkstoruralareas–includingthosea longwayawayfromtheactualconstruction works.Becausethecreationofadequatecapacityforfreightandpassengertrafficonthe busiestmaintransportarteriesisabsolutely essentialifpeopleandgoodsaretobeable,in thefuture,toreacheverycornerofourcountryquicklyandpunctually.Atthesametime, prioritizationalsohastoconsidertheobjec tivesofstructuralpolicy,whichaimtoensure balanceddevelopmentthroughoutGermany.
Againstthebackgroundoftherising levelsoffreighttraffic,butalsothewidelydifferinglevelsoftrafficonindividualroutes,the FederalGovernmentwillconsiderwhether, andifsohow,therequirementplansand capitalbudgetingfortheroads,railwaysand waterwayshavetobeadaptedtothechanged traffictrendsandeconomicdevelopments.
Inordertoenhancetheefficiencyofthe maintransportarteries,theFederalGovernmentisseekingagreaterseparation(“segregation”)ofslowerfreighttrafficandfaster passengertraffic,forinstancebymeansof lanemanagementbasedontrafficvolumeson motorwaysandagreaterseparation,interms ofspaceandtime,offreightandpassenger servicesontherailways.Here,too,thiswill notbepossibleunlessthebusiestroutesare upgradedinatargetedmanner.Inthecase ofthemotorways,thismeanssystematically wideningthemtosixlanes.Inthecaseofthe railways,itmeansthespeedydeliveryofthose projectsidentifiedinthe2003FederalTrans
portInfrastructurePlanasbeingessential foraneffectivesegregationoflong-distance passengerservicesandfreightservices.
E Environmentallyfriendlyand
climate-friendlytransport
Tomorrow’stransportistobequiet,clean, efficientandclimate-friendly.Aspartofthe effortstocombatclimatechange,therehasto beafurtherreductioninthespecificCO²emissionsfromtransport.Theobjectiveofreducinggreenhousegasemissionsby40%by2020 comparedwith1990levels,whichwasreaffirmedintheIntegratedEnergyandClimate ChangeProgramme,meansthatthetransport sectorwillalsohavetomakeasubstantial contribution.Inthisprogramme,theFederal Governmenthasalreadyreachedagreement onanumberofmeasuresaffectingthetransportsector.Theyincludetheintroductionof mandatoryCO²limitsforpassengercarsatEU level,increasingtheshareofbiofuels–preferablysecond-generationbiofuels–infuelconsumptionto20%by2020,theclimatepassport forpassengercars,theintroductionofa carbon-andpollutant-basedmotorvehicletax fornewlyregisteredpassengercarsandthe inclusionofaviationandshippinginemissions trading.However,giventheforecastgrowthin trafficlevels,itisobviousthatreducingspeci ficenergyconsumptionandCO²emissionsby technologicalmeansalonewillnotbesuffici ent.ThemeasuressetoutinthisMasterplanto optimizethetransportsystem,toshifttraffic totherailwaysandwaterways,tomakefreight transportoperationsmoreefficient,toopti mizeuseofexistingtransportinfrastructure, andtheothermeasurestorelievecongestion ontheroads,especiallyextendingtherange ofpublictransportservices,thusalsoservethe
�� Introduction Introduction ��
purposeoffurtherreducingenergyconsumptionandCO²emissionsinthetransportsector. Inaddition,actionisalsotobetakentominimizetheuseofagriculturalandwoodland areasandnatureconservationandlandscape protectionsites,includingthelandneededin compensation.
OneoftheFederalGovernment’smajor objectivesistoreducethenoiseassociated withfreighttransport.TheFederalMinistry ofTransport,BuildingandUrbanAffairshas
launchedaNationalTrafficNoiseMitigation Package,whichaddressesnoisemitigation measuresinallmodesoftransport.Inparticular,thedesiretoattractmoretraffictotherail waysislinkedtotheobjectiveofsignificantly reducingthenoisecausedbyrailfreight.In additiontostructuralmeasuressuchasnoise barriers,theFederalGovernmenthaslaunchedapilotprojecttopromotetheretrofittingoffreightwagonswithcompositebrake blocks,whichwillresultinalastingreductionofthenoisecausedbyfreighttrains.Itis alsoseekingadifferentiationoftrackaccess
chargesbasedonnoiseemissions,inorderto createaneconomicincentivetospeedupthe retrofittingofthefreightwagonfleet.AtEuro peanlevel,itwilllobbyvigorouslyforconcrete agreementsonimprovednoisemitigation measuresinthewagonfleet.
However,protectionagainsttrafficnoi seisnotsolelyaresponsibilityofthestate. TheFederalGovernmentthereforebelieves thatoperatorsthemselvesareresponsible forperceptiblyreducingfreighttrafficnoise bypurchasinglow-noisevehiclesintheroad haulagesectorandbyretrofittingthewagon fleetintherailfreightsector.Thisisinthe operators’owninterests,andtheyrealizethis, becausethenoisecausedbyfreighttraffic andtheassociatedimpairmentofpeople’s qualityoflifewill,inthelongrun,meanthat thepopulationislesswillingtoacceptfreight transport,therebyjeopardizingtheeconomic foundationofoperators.
F Goodworkingconditionsand
goodtraininginthefreight
transportindustry
TheFederalGovernmentisfirmlycommittedtoimprovingbasicandfurthertraining andensuringgoodworkingconditionsinthe freighttransportandlogisticssector.Tothis end,itwilllaunchcontinuouscollaboration betweenallthemajorstakeholders–notonly governmentbodiesbutalso,andinparticular, operators,theappropriatetradeassociations andtheunions.
Thepeopleemployedinthefreighttransportandlogisticssectorareespeciallyaffected bythechangesinthetransportsectordescribedatthebeginningofthisdocument.Atthe
sametime,theyrepresentthekeyfactorinensuringthattheGermanlogisticsandtransport industryenjoysadevelopmentthatissuccessfulinthelongterm.Investmentinthetraining oftheirworkforceisthusjustasimportantfor thecompetitivenessofoperatorsasinvestmentintechnologyandtheirvehiclefleet.It isalreadybecomingapparentthattherewill beashortageofskilledlabour.Tocounterthis, thebasicandfurthertrainingsystemshaveto bestrengthenedandevolvedtomeetthemore exactingrequirements.
TheFederalGovernment,togetherwith operators,tradeassociations,chambersof industryandcommerce,andunions,will thuslaunchabasicandfurthertrainingdrive beforetheendof2008andincorporateit intotheskillsinitiativeforGermany.Regularindustrysummits,towhichtheFederal Governmentwillinvitetheaforementioned players,willbeheldtoachievecontinuous collaborationtoimprovethebasicandfurther trainingsituationonthelogisticsmarket. TheFederalGovernmentalsobelievesthat operatorsshouldcreateadditionalapprenticeships,astheypledgedtodointheNational PactforTrainingandYoungSkilledWorkers inGermanyof5March2007,andimprove jobskillsinordertolaythefoundationson whichtheywillbeablemeettheirrising demandforskilledlabourinthefuture.
Logisticscoursesinhighereducation, despitebeingofoutstandingquality,haveso fartendedtoreceivelittleattention.Inorder toimprovetheprofileofthissubject,theFede ralGovernmentwilllobbyforthecreationof aninternationallyrecognizedcourseofstudy thatprovidesbasicandfurthertraininginthe fieldoflogisticsandthatiscloselylinkedwith
internationallyoperatingcompaniesinthe sectorandtheleadingresearchinstitutions.
Inaddition,theFederalGovernmentwill tasktheFederalOfficeforGoodsTransport withevaluatingtheworkingconditionsinthe freighttransportandlogisticssectorannually aspartofitsobservationofthefreighttransportmarket.Inordertoensuregoodworking conditionsinviewoftheincreasingpressure tomeettightdeliverydeadlinesthatthose employedinthesectorarefacing,itisabsolutelyessentialthatoperatorscomplywith sociallegislationandprovisionsgoverning healthandsafetyatwork,roadsafetyandthe carriageofdangerousgoods.Unlessthereis significantprogresshere,theFederalGovern ment,incooperationwiththefederalstates, willstepupcheckstopreventsocialdumping andnon-compliancewithlegislation.Itisin theinterestsofeveryoperatortocomplywith theappropriaterulesandregulations.Because satisfied,motivatedandhealthyworkersfrom thebasisofalllong-termeconomicsuccess.
�� Introduction Measures:Makingoptimumuseoftransportinfrastructure– �� shapingtransporttomakeitmoreefficient
�. Implementation
InordertomakeGermanyevenmore attractiveasacentreforlogistics,allstakeholderscan,andmust,makeacontribution,each intheirownareaofresponsibility.TheFederal Government,federalstatesandlocalauthoritiesareresponsibleforcreatingtheregulatory frameworkandpreparingtheinfrastructure forthetremendousgrowththatliesahead.
TheMasterplandescribestheframework offreighttransportpoliciesthattheFederal Governmentbelievesshouldhavepriority. Substantialfundingisavailableinthefinan cialplanningto2012forthosemeasuresthat areintheareaofresponsibilityoftheFederal Government.Thus,for2009,around10.2billioneuroshasbeenearmarkedforinvestment intheclassicroad,waterwayandrailmodes pluscombinedtransport.Thatisaround1billioneurosmorethaninthecurrentfinancial plan.Transportinvestmentwillbesustained atahighlevelintheperiodfrom2010to2012. Thisincreaseintransportinvestmentwill bemadepossiblebyincreasing,andmaking moreecological,thetollsthatareimposed onheavygoodsvehiclesfortheuseoffederal motorways,basedonthe“userpays”principle. Alltheadditionaltollrevenuewillbeinvested inthetransportsector.Inaddition,proceeds fromtheprivatizationoftherailwayswillin creasethelevelofinvestmentthatisavailable fortransportinfrastructure.And–provided thatitoffersvalueformoney–thereistobea greaterinvolvementofprivatesectorcapital intheprovisionoftransportinfrastructureby meansofPPPprojects.
Butactionisalsorequiredonthepartof theoperators,astheactualagentsofeconomic
activity,thetradeassociationsandunionsplus civilsocietygroupsasrepresentativesofthe varioussocietalinterests.OneoftheobjectivesofthisMasterplanistoarriveatlasting collaborationbetweenallthestakeholders, tocoordinateinterestsandrepresentthemat Europeanlevel,therebyjointlyensuringthat Germanyremainsthenumberonelocationfor freighttransportandlogisticsinEurope.
TheFederalMinistryofTransport,BuildingandUrbanAffairswillconductaninitial evaluationofthemeasuresandtheirimpacts.
Itisimportantthatallstakeholdersinteractinimplementingthemeasures–dependingontheirresponsibilityandacknowledgingthefactthattheonlywaytoeffectively addressallthechallengesisbycollaborating, andthatthisistheonlywaytomeettheeconomic,ecologicalandsocialrequirementsin transportpolicy.
Itisnowimperativethatwecontinuethe socialdialogueontransportpolicy,whichhas beenintensifiedbytheMasterplanprocess, andthatwemakefurtheruseofthevaluablepoolofexpertise,experience,contacts andcreativity.Thenetworkofplayersfrom industry,academia,governmentandcivil society,whichemergedduringtheprocessof developingtheMasterplan,formsanexcellent basisforthis.
II. Measures
A Makingoptimumuseoftransportinfrastructure– shapingtransporttomakeitmoreefficient
�� Measures:Makingoptimumuseoftransportinfrastructure– Measures:Makingoptimumuseoftransportinfrastructure– �� shapingtransporttomakeitmoreefficient
A1 Developanddeploymoretrafficmanagementsystems
shapingtransporttomakeitmoreefficient
A2 Standardizeandlinkupthetrafficmanagementsystems
onbusysectionsoffederalmotorway
Currentsituation
Inmanyareas,trafficmanagementsystems canhelptoimprovetrafficconditions.By meansofactivecontrolmeasures,theymakeit possibleforroaduserstoadapttheirbehaviour tothetrafficsituationatanygiventime.Dyna micdisplayssuchasmaximumspeeds,bans onovertakingorlanecontrolsignalsmake trafficflowmoresmoothly,therebyavoiding driverbehaviourthatcouldresultincongestionoraccidents.Thismoderntelematicsequipmenthasnotyetbeeninstalledonmanybusy sectionsoftheGermanmotorwaynetwork.
Descriptionofthemeasure
Busysectionsofmotorwayonwhichtelematicsequipmenthasnotyetbeeninstalledare tobeequippedwithsuchsystemsatafaster ratethaninthepast.Systemsalreadyinstalled aretobeoptimizedand,ifnecessary,up gradedtoreflectthestateoftheart.
Impact
Thismeasurewillenhancethecapacityofthe correspondingsections.Itwillenhancethe efficiencyoftheentiremotorwaynetwork andhelptoavoidcongestionandimprove roadsafety.Thisislikelytoresultinadditional positiveeffectswithregardtoclimatechange mitigationandenvironmentalprotection,for instancebyreducingCO²emissions.
Responsibility
FederalMinistryofTransport,Buildingand UrbanAffairsincooperationwiththefederal statesaffected.
Budgetaryrelevance
ThismeasurewillbefundedfromtheFederal MinistryofTransport,BuildingandUrban Affairs’budget.
EUrelevance
ThismeasureisconsistentwithEUtransport policy.
Implementationperiod
Thismeasureisduetobelaunchedin2008. Theaimistohavetheequipmentinstalledon allbusysectionsby2015.
onfederalmotorwaysnationwide
Currentsituation
OntheGermanmotorwaynetwork,thecaptureandanalysisoftrafficdataandthecontrol oftrafficusingtrafficmanagementsystemsis performedbytheinfrastructureoperatorsat federalstatelevel.Atpresent,thereisnonationwidelink-upofthesetrafficmanagement systems.Noristhereanycoordinationorcooperationbetweentheoperatorsonthescale required.Thismeansthatitisnotpossibleto exploitthepotentialformakingmoreefficient useofthefederalmotorwaynetwork.
Descriptionofthemeasure
Takingaccountofexistingtrafficmanage mentsystems,theauthoritiesofthefederal states,incooperationwiththeFederalMinistryofTransport,BuildingandUrbanAffairs andtheindustry,aretodevelopastrategy forlinkingupexistingtrafficmanagement systems.Theaimofthestrategyistofacilitate responsiveandefficienttrafficmanagement onfederalmotorways.Thiswillinvolve,for instance,predictiveinformationoncongestion,availableparkingspacesplusmeasures thatimpactontheflowoftraffic,suchasspeed limitsorbansonovertaking.
Impact
Byprovidingintelligenttrafficinforma tionandcontrol,thismeasurewillmake itpossibletoenhancecapacityonfederal motorwaysthroughoutthecountry.By meansofbetterrouteplanningandthe abilitytoreactatshortnoticetoevolving trafficsituations,itwillbepossibletoma nagetransportmovementsmorereliably. Thiswillalsohaveapositiveimpactonthe environmentalacceptabilityoftransport andreduceitsclimatechangeimpact.The measurewillalsoimproveroadsafety.
Responsibility
Thefederalstates,incooperationwiththe FederalMinistryofTransport,Buildingand UrbanAffairs,areresponsiblefordeveloping andimplementingthestrategy.
Budgetaryrelevance
ThismeasurewillbefundedfromtheFederal MinistryofTransport,BuildingandUrban Affairs’budget.
EUrelevance
ThismeasureisconsistentwithEUtransport policy.
Implementationperiod
Thismeasureisduetobelaunchedin2008. Thestrategyisduetobefinalizedbytheendof 2009andimplementedinitsentiretyby2015.
�0 Measures:Makingoptimumuseoftransportinfrastructure– Measures:Makingoptimumuseoftransportinfrastructure– �1 shapingtransporttomakeitmoreefficient
A� Speedupimplementationofthe“Developmentprogrammetoincreasethenumber
ofparkingareasatservicestationsandrestareasonfederalmotorways”
Currentsituation
Thereareinsufficientparkingareasforheavy goodsvehiclesonandinthevicinityofthe federalmotorways.Thismayincreasingly resultinHGVsbeingimproperlyparked, additionaltrafficsearchingforparkingspaces andeveninthepermissibledrivingperiods beingexceeded,whichwouldleadtoagreater riskofaccidents.Theforecastriseinthelevel offreighttraffic,combinedwiththenewrules governingdrivinghoursandrestperiods,will resultinevengreaterdemand.Thegreatest demandisattheborder-crossingpointsonthe routestoEasternEurope.TheFederalMinister ofTransport,BuildingandUrbanAffairshas recognizedthisurgentneed.Intheautumnof 2007,hesetupan“HGVParkingFacilitieson Motorways”ProjectGrouptoaddresstheissue ofenhancingcapacity.
Descriptionofthemeasure
Anadditional11,000parkingspacesaretobe created.TheactivitiesoftheFederalMinistry ofTransport,BuildingandUrbanAffairs WorkingGrouptoidentifyrequirementsand constructadditionalHGVparkingareascover theentirefederalmotorwaynetwork.Because ofthepressingproblemsattheborder-crossingpointsontheroutestoEasternEurope, theidentificationofrequirementsandcons tructionfortheseareasaretobebroughtforward.Accountwillbetakenoftheguidelines governingservicestationsandrestareasofthe federalstates.
Impact
Thismeasurewillhelptomakeoptimum useofthetransportinfrastructure,toavoid unnecessaryjourneys,tomaketransportmore environmentallyfriendlyandreduceitscli
matechangeimpact,andtoimproveworking conditions.
Responsibility
FederalMinistryofTransport,Buildingand UrbanAffairs,highwayauthoritiesofthefederalstates(delegationofadministrativepowers),localauthorities.Plusfreightforwarders associations,AutobahnTank&RastHolding GmbH,AssociationofGermanTruckStops (VEDA).
Budgetaryrelevance
ThismeasurewillbefundedfromtheFederal MinistryofTransport,BuildingandUrban Affairs’budget.Atotalof€250millionwill beavailableforthedevelopmentprogramme overtheperiodto2015.Ofthissum,€35milli onistobeinvestedin2008.
EUrelevance
TheEuropeanCommission(DGTREN)has launchedapilotprojectaimedatcreatinga networkofsecureHGVparkingareasinthe EU.Theprojecthasinitialfundingof€11 millionto2009andiscurrentlyoccupiedwith definitiontasks.
Implementationperiod
Creationof11,000additionalparkingspaces by2012.
shapingtransporttomakeitmoreefficient
A4 Continueandintensifythemeasurestotacklecongestionbyoptimizing
roadworksmanagement
Currentsituation
Congestioncauseseconomicdamageand harmstheclimateandtheenvironment throughanunproductiveincreaseinemissions.Expertshaveestimatedthatcongestion onourmotorwayscoststheeconomyatleast tenbillioneurosandisresponsibleforbillions oflitresoffuelbeingconsumedunnecessarily.Thegrowthintrafficlevelspredictedby currentforecastscouldseriouslyexacerbate thissituation. Inmanycases,roadworksonmotorways impedetheflowoftraffic,increasetherisk ofcongestionandreduceroadsafety.Today, anaverageof200to280roadworkssitesare inplaceeverydayforthemaintenanceand operationofthefederalmotorways.Experts assumethattheseroadworksareresponsible formorethanonethirdofallcongestionon motorways.
Descriptionofthemeasure
Roadworksmanagementistobeoptimizedto avoidcongestion.Thisinvolves: • reducingthetimeforwhicharoadworks
siteisinplacebywordingtenderdocumentsandcontractsappropriatelyandby performingworkoutsidenormalworking hours,ifnecessaryonSundaysoratnight;
• avoidingcumulativecongestionbymeans ofbetternationwidecoordinationofroadworks;
• facilitatingasmootherflowoftrafficat theroadworkssitebybetteradaptingthe measurestaken(e.g.numberandwidth oflanes)tothetrafficsituationandma kinggreateruseofdynamictrafficcontrol measures(e.g.displayofspeedlimitsand bansonovertaking).
Impact
Thismeasureisdesignedtoresultinasmootherflowoftrafficatroadworkssites.Thiswill reducecongestionandminimizetheecono micdamageitcauses.
Responsibility
TheFederalMinistryofTransport,Building andUrbanAffairs,incooperationwiththe federalstates,isresponsibleforimplementing themeasures.
Budgetaryrelevance
Implementingthemeasureswillresultin additionalcostsforroadworks.However, theseadditionalcostswillbemorethanoffset bysubstantialeconomicgains.Thefunds requiredwillbeincludedinthebudgetestimatesoftheFederalMinistryofTransport, BuildingandUrbanAffairs.
EUrelevance
ThemeasuresareconsistentwiththeobjectivesofEUtransportpolicy,especiallyregardinganincreaseinroadsafety,animprovementoftheflowoftrafficinEuropeanda reductioninemissionsfromtransport.
Implementationperiod
Themeasuresaretobelaunchedin2008.
�� Measures:Makingoptimumuseoftransportinfrastructure– Measures:Makingoptimumuseoftransportinfrastructure– �� shapingtransporttomakeitmoreefficient shapingtransporttomakeitmoreefficient
A5 Providetrafficinformationandcommunicationsservicesforheavygoodsvehicles A� DevelopastrategytospeedupintroductionoftheEuropeanTrainControlSystem(ETCS)
onthemotorwaynetworkbyusingtollinformation(value-addedservices)
Currentsituation Budgetaryrelevance
Toenhanceitsefficiency,theroadhaulage Minor,becausethevalue-addedserviceswill sectorneedsdedicatedtrafficinformation. beservicesperformedinreturnforpayment. Againstthisbackground,thedemandfordata generatedbytheGermantollingsystemis EUrelevance
rising. AdecisionbytheEuropeanCommissionregulatestheconditionsandobligationsregarding
Descriptionofthemeasure theprovisionoftelematicsservicesbasedon Thecurrenttechnicalequipmentofthesystem theGermantollingsystembytheiroperators. makestheGermanHGVtollingsysteman idealplatformfortelematicsvalue-addedser- Implementationperiod
vices,whichshouldbedeveloped.Byusingthe TheFederalGovernmentwilllaythecontracexistingplatform,telematicsserviceproviders tualfoundationsby2009.Initialapplications couldusebasicfunctionsofthesystem–such couldbelaunchedaround2010/2011. assatellite-basedpositioning,theexisting mobilecommunicationschannelorshort-rangecommunicationsusingmicrowavetechnology–fortheirownservicesuponpayment ofanappropriateusercharge.Regulatory, technologicalandorganizationalframeworks aretobecreatedthatallowfaircompetition betweenthetelematicsserviceproviders.
Impact
Thismeasurewillmakeitpossibletoorganize transportinamoreintelligent,environmentallyfriendlyandclimate-friendlymannerand toimprovelogisticsstrategies.Itwillbepossibletoreducetrafficsearchingforaparking spaceandpreventcongestion.Thiswillreduce CO²emissionsandprotecttheenvironment. Theservicescanhelptoavoidunnecessary journeysandimproveworkingconditions.
Responsibility
TheFederalGovernmentisresponsiblefor creatingtheregulatoryframework.Theestablishmentofatelematicsgatewaycompanyis theresponsibilityofprivatesectorcompanies, whichwillberesponsibleforthetechnological andorganizationalimplementation.
onfreightcorridorsinGermany
Currentsituation
Thereareincreasingcapacityconstraintson themainrailfreightcorridors.Theforecast growthinvolume,especiallyintraffictoand fromseaports,willaggravatethissituation. Inaddition,themultiplicityofincompatible trainprotectionsystemsintheEUisamajor obstacletoaEuropeanrailwayareawithinternationaltrainsthatdonotrequireachange oflocomotiveatborders.SinceGermanyisa transitcountryandahighlytrade-oriented nationinEurope,thismakestherailwaysless attractive.Itisevendifficulttoattracttothe railwaysfreightthatisparticularlysuitedto rail.Thishasanadverseimpactonroadtransport,theclimateandtheenvironment.
Descriptionofthemeasure
Anationalstrategyistobedevelopedtospeed uptheintroductionofETCSonthebusiest railcorridorsinGermany,takingaccountof demand-responsivehinterlandconnectionsto andfromports.TheETCSisatechnicalspecifi cationfortheinteroperabilityofrailtransport inEurope.Thestrategyistotakeaccountof theFederalGovernment’sbudgetlineearmarkedfortheinfrastructure(existingnetwork) andthecosts,tobebornebytheoperators,of theequipmentrequiredfortherollingstock.
Impact
Thestrategywilllaythefoundationsforoptimizingtheuseoftherailways.Itwillbepossib letoenhancecapacityandshiftmoretrafficto therailways.Thiswillmaketherailwaysmore competitive,relievecongestiononthefederal trunkroadsandhelptoprotecttheenvironmentandtackleclimatechange.
Responsibility
TheFederalMinistryofTransport,Building andUrbanAffairs,incooperationwithDeutscheBahn(DB)AGandthefederalstates,is responsiblefordevelopingthestrategy.
Budgetaryrelevance
Thecostsofthestrategywillbewithinthe limitsofthecurrent,increasedfinancial planningoftheFederalMinistryofTransport, BuildingandUrbanAffairs.
EUrelevance
ThismeasureisconsistentwiththeEUpolicy forthecreationofasingleEuropeanrailway area,whichischaracterizedby,amongother things,TENcorridorsandthegoalofinteroperability.
Implementationperiod
Thestrategyistohavebeendevelopedby 2010.
�� Measures:Makingoptimumuseoftransportinfrastructure– Measures:Makingoptimumuseoftransportinfrastructure– ��
A� Developanationalportsstrategy
Currentsituation
Ourseaportsandinlandportsareofspecial strategicimportancetoourentireeconomy. Theyarepartofthebackboneoftheglobalizedeconomyandareahubfortheexchange ofgoodswithintheSingleEuropeanMarket. Forshippers,ourseaportsandinlandportsare anindispensablelinkinthelogisticschain. Giventhatthevolumeofcargohandledby Germanportsissettodoublebetweennow and2025,andthatthevolumeofcontainerizedtrafficwilltripleoverthesameperiod, Germanyfacesmajorchallenges. Inordertopreventcapacityconstraintsat portsandinmovementstoandfromports,the transportinfrastructurehastobemodernized andadaptedtomeetthegrowingdemandfor freighttransport.Atthesametime,German portsfacefierceinternationalcompetition, whichrequiresfairrules.Byloweringthefuel taxtobepaidbyportcargohandlers,theFederalMinistryofTransport,BuildingandUrban Affairshasalreadymadeamajorcontribution towardsharmonizingtheconditionsofcom petitionwiththeARAports. Inaddition,productionanddistributionare placingmoreexactingdemandsonfreight transportandlogistics.Theportinfrastructuresandsuperstructuresmustthereforekeep upwiththestateoftheart.Theproblemsare compoundedbythefactthatalackofskilled workersinthemaritimeclusterisbecoming apparent.Thegrowthinthevolumeofcargo handledandtheleveloftraffictoandfrom seaportsposenewclimatechangeandenvironmentalprotectionchallenges. Thetargetedandcoordinatedimprovement ofthelandsideandseawardapproachestothe seaports,aswellastheirconnectionwiththe centresofeconomicactivityinGermany,are amongthekeyelementsofGermantransport policyandtheGermantransportindustry.
shapingtransporttomakeitmoreefficient
Thereisagrowingneedforthecoordination ofanationalportspolicy,includingtheinland ports. Descriptionofthemeasure
Tomeetthesechallenges,theFederalGovernment,federalstatesandtheindustryhaveto assumejointresponsibilityandconductjoint activities.Portspolicyhasbecomeanational task.Forthisreason,anationalportspolicy willbedeveloped,containingmeasuresthat addressthefollowingthematicareas,among others:
a) Infrastructuresandsuprastructures
• TheFederalGovernmentfundingavailable forinvestmentwillbefocusedevenmore thaninthepastonthoseprojectsthatare especiallyimportantinmacroeconomic terms.
• TheFederalGovernmentwillgivepriority toupgradingporthinterlandlinks(road, railandwaterway)thathavealmostreachedtheircapacitylimitstodayandwill havetocopewithadisproportionatelyhigh growthintrafficlevelsinthefuture.
• Possibilitiesforcollaborationbetweenseaportswillbesoughtinatargetedmanner.
• Telematicssolutionsaretounlockadditionalefficiencypotentialatportsandinthe logisticschain.
• Wherethereareplanstoconvertportsor areasnearportsforotherurbanfunctions, suchasleisure,residential,officeorother uses,caremustbetakentoensurethatthis willnotresultinanyadverseimpactonthe competitivenessofthelocation.
b) Jobs
• Job-generatingmeasuresaretobeexploitedtothefull.
shapingtransporttomakeitmoreefficient
• Targetedprogrammesfortheintegrationof theunemployedaretobesupported.
• Effortstocreateapprenticeshipsforyoung peopleshouldbesteppedup.
c) Environmentalprotectionand climatechange
• Emissionsstandardsintheshippingsector(sulphur,nitrogenoxides,particulate matter)aretobeevolvedandmaritime shippingistobeincludedinemissions tradinginamannerthatdoesnotdistort competition.
• Newpropulsiontechnologiesaretobe developedandnewmaterialsusedinshipbuilding.
d) Competition
• Furthermeasurestoreducedistortionsof competitionaretobereviewedand–asfar aspossible–implemented.
• Stateaidsresultindistortionsofcompetition.GermanyislobbyinginEuropeformore transparencyinthissphere.TheEuropean Commissionisurgedtopresentuniform stateaidguidelines.
e) Combinedtransport
• Inordertocopewiththeforecastvolumes ofcargo,shortseashippingandinlandnavigationwillalsohavetobestrengthened. Here,theinlandportswillplayanincreasinglyimportantrole,offeringservicesrangingfromasupra-regionalhubtoaregionaldistributioncentrefortheseaports.
Impact
Thismeasureisdesignedtostrengthenthe portsasmajorimport/exporthubsandaslogi sticsandprocessingcentres.
Responsibility
TheFederalMinistryofTransport,Building andUrbanAffairs,thefederalstatesandthe
portsindustryareresponsibleforthis measure.
Budgetaryrelevance
Itwillnotbepossibletoquantifytheimpact onthebudgetuntiltheportsstrategyhasbeen drawnup.
EUrelevance
ThismeasureisconsistentwiththeEuropean Commission’sportspolicy.
Implementationperiod
Thestrategywillbepresentedin2008.
�� Measures:Makingoptimumuseoftransportinfrastructure– Measures:Makingoptimumuseoftransportinfrastructure– ��
A� Developanationalairportsstrategy
Currentsituation
Airportsthatarewelldeveloped,efficiently usedandlinkedupwiththerestofthetransportsystemareindispensableinfrastructure forworldwidetrade.Airportinfrastructure makesamajorcontributiontoenhancing theattractivenessofGermanyasabusiness location.Thegrowingdemandforairtransportservicescallsforoptimumusetobemade oftheexistinginfrastructureandforastrategytobedevelopedforevolutionand,where appropriate,expansion,takingaccountof economic,ecologicalandsocialaspects,so thatairportscancontinuetoassertthemselves infutureinternationalcompetition.
Descriptionofthemeasure
Theairportinfrastructureistobedeveloped suchthatairportscanperformtheirtasks fortheeconomyandsocietyinGermanyina mannerthatismacroeconomicallyefficient, profitableforbusinessandsustainable.The constructionofnewairportsandtheexpansionorconversionofexistingairportsshould onlytakeplaceiftheeconomicbenefitshave beenproved.Airportsthatarenoteconomicallyself-sustainingwillhavetotakesecond place.Againstthisbackground,theFederal Governmentwillpresentanairportsstrategy beforetheendofthisparliamentaryterm, whichwillbediscussedwiththefederalstates. Thebenchmarksofthisstrategywillbe: a) Optimizinguseoftheexistinginfrastruc
tureofaerodromesinGermany,including theirdemand-responsiveandsustainable evolution,includingexpansion.
b) Sometypesofaircargorequirespecialtime slotsiftheyaretohaveaneconomicimpact ortoperformtheirfunctionofproviding aserviceofgeneralinterest(e.g.medical supplies).Atthesametime,consideration
shapingtransporttomakeitmoreefficient
mustbegiventoprotectingpeopleagainst nightnoise.
c) Currentforecastsofairtrafficgrowth predictthatthereislikelytobesignificant growthinlandsidetraffictoandfromairportsinthefuture.Thisgrowthmeansthat itwillbenecessarytoprovidesufficiently efficientsurfaceaccess,bybothroadand rail.
d) Intheaircargosector,thereareinterface problemsinintermodaltransportchains. Examplesincludenon-standardizedloa dingunitsandloadinggauges,which requireadditionaltranshipmentprocesses inonwardmovementbyasecondmodeof transport,andnon-compatibleadministrativeprocessesinthefieldsofhandling andcustoms.Suchbreaksintheprocessof transportationhaveanadverseimpacton thecompetitivenessofintermodalfreight transport,becausetheyultimatelyleadto higherprices,longertransportationtimes, poorerpunctuality,restrictionsastothe typesofgoodsthatcanbetransported,a higherriskofdamageandgreaterhandling effort.TheFederalMinistryofTransport, BuildingandUrbanAffairswilltherefore makeacontributiontowardsresolvingthe legalissuesinvolvedhere–atEuropeanand internationallevelwhereverpossible.
e) Theairtransportsector,too,mustplayits partintacklingclimatechangeandprotectingtheenvironment(e.g.bytakingactive andpassivenoisecontrolandmitigation measures,includingaviationininternationalemissionstradinginamannerthatdoes notdistortcompetition,realizingtheSingle EuropeanSkyandemissions-basedlanding charges.Sincethelevyingoftaxesondomesticflightsandonintra-Europeanflights
shapingtransporttomakeitmoreefficient
betweenindividualMemberStateswould entailseriouscompetitivedisadvantages forthecarriersoftheEUMemberStates
involved,theFederalGovernmentbelieves thattheintroductionofakerosenetaxcan, undertheconditionsprevailingatpresent, onlybedoneonaworldwidebasis).
Impact
Theairportsstrategyisdesignedtoresultin transportinfrastructurebeingdevelopedand usedinanoptimummannerandintransport beingshapedinanintelligentmanner.
Responsibility
Theairportsstrategywillbepresentedbythe FederalGovernment.
Budgetaryrelevance
Fundingistobefocusedoninvestmentthat willhavemaximumeconomicbenefit.
EUrelevance
Thedevelopmentofanairportsstrategyis consistentwiththetransportpolicyobjectives oftheEU.
Implementationperiod
Thestrategyistobepresentedbeforetheend ofthecurrentparliamentaryterm.
�� Measures:Makingoptimumuseoftransportinfrastructure– Measures:Makingoptimumuseoftransportinfrastructure– �� shapingtransporttomakeitmoreefficient
A� Takeconcertedactionwithshippersandthefreighttransportsector
tostaggerfreighttraffic(extendingramptimes)
Currentsituation
Inmanycases,thedeliverytimesatconsignees’premisesandthecollectiontimesat shippers’premises,whicharelimitedtospecifictimewindows,meanthatfreighttrans portmovementsdonotmakeefficientuseof theinfrastructure.Insomecases,significant resourcesandcapacityareexpendedunnecessarilyorremainunused.Theconsequencesare ariseincongestion,anintensificationofthe competitionbetweenpassengerandfreight transportforuseoftheinfrastructure,increasingcallsforhigherlevelsofinfrastructure investmentandadverseimpactsonthesupply chain.
Descriptionofthemeasure
Withintheframeworkofconcertedaction,a strategywillbedevelopedtomakedelivery andcollectionwindowsmoreflexibleinorder tomakeoptimizeduseoftheinfrastructure andvehicles,withoutcallingexistingrestrictionsintoquestion,e.g.thebanondrivingon Sundaysandpublicholidaysandnoiseabatement.Theimportanceofhavingorderplacementtimesthatareaslateaspossible,haulage timesthatareasshortaspossible,delivery timesthatareasearlyaspossibleandcollectiontimesthatareaslateaspossible,istobe reviewedfromtheperspectiveofallthose involvedinthetransportchaintoseewhether thesetimescanbemademoreflexibleandif thereisanyscopeforefficiency.Here,itisup toshippers,inparticular,toexploitopportunitiesforoptimization,therebymakingacontri butiontowardsenhancingtheefficiencyofthe overalltransportsystem.Theconcertedaction isdesignedtoraiseawarenessoftheproblems andprovideanimpetusforimprovements.
Impact
Ifwidertimewindowsareavailablefor collecting,transportinganddeliveringthe goods,transportoperationscanbeoptimized andmoreefficientusecanbemadeofthe infrastructure.Thiswillhelptosegregate freightandpassengertrafficandreduceboth CO emissionsandtheneedforinvestment. ²
Responsibility
Allpartiesinvolvedinthetransportchain, withtheFederalMinistryofTransport,BuildingandUrbanAffairsactingasafacilitator. Shippers(majorshippers/chainstores),inparticular,aretobeinvolved,plustheretailtrade andhauliers.
Budgetaryrelevance
ThismeasurewillbefundedfromtheFederal MinistryofTransport,BuildingandUrban Affairs’budget.
EUrelevance
ThismeasureisconsistentwithEUtransport policywithregardtomakingmoreefficient useoftheexistinginfrastructure.
Implementationperiod
Planningandimplementationoftheconcertedactionistobelaunchedin2008.
shapingtransporttomakeitmoreefficient
A10 Createafocalpoint–theFederalGovernmentCommissioner
forFreightTransportandLogistics
Currentsituation
InadditiontotheFederalMinistryofTransport,BuildingandUrbanAffairs,whichisthe leaddepartment,severalotherministriesare involvedinthefreighttransportandlogistics sphere.TheyincludetheFederalMinistryof EconomicsandTechnology,theFederalMinistryofEducationandResearch,theFederal MinistryofLabourandSocialAffairsandthe FederalMinistryfortheEnvironment,Nature ConservationandNuclearSafety. Theyregularlytakeinitiativeswhichrequire moreandmorecoordinationbecauseofthe increasinglycomplexresearchandfunding activities.
Descriptionofthemeasure
TobettercoordinatetheFederalGovernment’s researchandfundingactivitiesandmake themmoretransparent,thePermanentState SecretaryattheFederalMinistryofTransport, BuildingandUrbanAffairs,MatthiasvonRandow,willbeappointedFederalGovernment CoordinatorforFreightTransportandLogistics.Inaddition,aninterministerialfreight transportandlogisticscoordinatinggroup, chairedbytheFederalMinistryofTransport, BuildingandUrbanAffairs,willbeestablished.
Impact
Thismeasurewillfacilitateabetterlink-up betweentheissuesandactivitiesoftheministriesinvolved.Thisisdesignedtoresultina moretargetedallocationofthefundsavailable.Thepurposeofcooperationinthecommitteewillnotonlybetoimprovecommunication betweentheministries,butalsotoconveythe greatimportancethattheFederalGovernmentattachestothisissue.Acentraloverview willprovideallgovernmentdepartmentswith
moretransparencyinthecontrolofpriority researchactivitiesinthefieldoffreighttrans portandlogistics.Thismeansthatitwillbe possibletobettercontroltheallocationof fundsasawholeandtotranslatefindingsinto practicemoreefficiently.
Responsibility
TheFederalMinistryofTransport,Building andUrbanAffairsisresponsibleforestablishingthecoordinatingbody.
Budgetaryrelevance
Theestablishmentofthecoordinatingbody willnotrequireanyadditionalfundingfrom thebudget.
EUrelevance
ThismeasureisconsistentwithEUsuggestions tomakepublicadministrationmoreefficient.
Implementationperiod
Thismeasureistobeimplementedimmediately.
�0 Me asur es:Avoidingunnecessaryjourneys–ensuringmobilit y �1
B Avoidingunnecessaryjourneys–ensuringmobility
�� Measures:Avoidingunnecessaryjourneys–ensuringmobility Measures:Avoidingunnecessaryjourneys–ensuringmobility ��
B1 UrbanLogisticsInitiative
Currentsituation
Incitiesandconurbations,freighttransport andlogisticsareoftenperceivedasanobstacletothesmoothflowoftraffic.Atthesame time,deliveringgoodsrighttothecustomer’s doorstepispresentingthelogisticssector withanincreasinglydifficultchallenge. Becauseoftheiroftenshortdurationand becausetheywereoftennotbinding,the projectsandmeasurescarriedoutinthefield ofcitylogisticsinthepasthavenotresulted inthedevelopmentofasuccessfulmodelthat hasbeenabletoassertitselfonthemarket. Nevertheless,therehavebeenanumberof innovativeand–atleastpartially–successful projects,forinstancethefreighttramatthe freightvillageinDresden.Inadditionalto operationalmeasures,moreaccounthasbeen takenofspatialplanningrequirementswhen planningfreightvillages,whichhasresulted incommercialtransportmovementstaking placewithfewerconflicts.Lastbutnotleast, severalmajorGermancities(e.g.Bremen)have integratedtheirfreightvillagesasessential componentsintotheirschemestomeetEUair qualitymanagementrequirements.Ithasalso becomeapparentthatitisunrealistictoconsiderpassengerandfreighttransportseparately intownsandcities.Ifenvironmentalaspects aretobereflectedmorestronglyandefficien cyistobesignificantlyenhanced,thefocus hastobeonbothsystems.
Descriptionofthemeasure
Launchofanationwideinitiative,sponsored bytheFederalMinistryofTransport,Building andUrbanAffairs,thefederalstatesandcities, withtheaimofdevelopingenvironmentally friendlyandclimate-friendlystrategiesfor urbantransport,formulatingtransferable standardsandimplementingthemincooperationwithlocalauthorities.Thesestrategies
aretobebasedonthefollowingguidelines, amongothers: • betteraccountshouldbetakenoftheinterests
ofcommercialtransportinurbanplanning; • betteraccountshouldbetakenofthein
terestsoffreighttransportandlogisticsin spatialandsub-regionalplanning;
• affordable,environmentallyfriendlyand user-friendlylocaltransportschemes, whichencourageasmanypeopleaspossibletousepublictransport;
• incentivestouseenvironmentallyfriendly deliveryvehicles;
• betterlink-upbetweenthedecision-makingandimplementationlevels;
• bettercommunicationbetweenbusiness practiceandplanningdecisions.
Impact
Thismeasurewillleadtoagreementonstrategiesforsustainabletransportinconurbations.
Responsibility
FederalMinistryofTransport,Buildingand UrbanAffairs,federalstates,freighttransport associations,freightvillageoperators,local governmentassociations,industry(asshippers andconsignees).
Budgetaryrelevance Launchingthetransportstrategieswillnotrequireanyadditionalfundingfromthebudget.
EUrelevance
Thismeasureisconsistentwiththeobjectives oftheUrbanTransportGreenPaper.Theprincipleofsubsidiaritymustbecompliedwithin itsimplementation.
Implementationperiod
Thismeasureistobeimplementedoverthe periodfrom2009to2012.
B� Stepupinvestmentininnovativeandcapacity-enhancingtechnologies
Currentsituation
Theexistingmodesandsystemsoftransport stillhaveuntappedpotentialforenhancing theefficiencyofthetransportsystem.Given thatthevolumeoffreighttrafficisforecast toriseandthattheexistinginfrastructure willreachitscapacitylimit,andinviewof theincreasedconsumptionofresources,the developmentandimplementationofinnovativetechnologies,systemsorservicestomake moreefficientuseoftheinfrastructureand resourcesisofcrucialimportanceinensuring apromisingfutureforGermanyasalogistics centre.Examplesofthematicareasinclude: • longertrainsonselectedroutes; • double-deckertrainsonse
lectedrailwaylines; • cargorailfeederservicesbetween
LeipzigandFrankfurt/Main; • Galileoapplications; • transportlogistics/intralogis
ticsinterfaces(automation); • ITSsolutions(HGVrouting); • multi-layercontainertransportininland
navigationonselectedwaterways; • innovativeandefficientvehiclestra
tegies(road,rail,waterway).
Descriptionofthemeasure
Considerationand,ifnecessary,development offundingguidelinestosupportpilotprojects tomakegreateruseofinnovativetechnologies infreighttransportandlogistics.Thisisdesignedtofundprojectsotherthancombined transporthandlingtechnologies,whichcan makeacontributiontowardsenhancingthe overallsystembutarenoteligibleforfunding todaybecausetheyarenolongerattheresearchstageandhavenotyetbeenlaunched onthemarket.
Impact
Pilotprojectsinvolvinginnovativetechnologiesandsystemsinthetransportsector aredesignedtodriveforwardinnovations inintermodaltransportandprocesschains. Thiswillspeeduptheimplementationand introductionoftheseinnovativetechnologies onthemarket,whichwillresultinamore efficient,moreclimate-friendlyandmore environmentallyfriendlyfreighttransport andlogisticssystem.Inparticular,itwillbe possibletomakebetteruseofexistingcapacityandvehicles,conserveresources,enhance economicefficiency,reduceCO²emissionsand improvetransportsafety.
Responsibility
TheFederalMinistryofTransport,Building andUrbanAffairsisresponsiblefordeveloping thefundingguidelines.Theindustryisresponsiblefortheapplications.
Budgetaryrelevance
Thecostsofthemeasurewillbewithinthe limitsofthecurrent,increasedfinancial planningoftheFederalMinistryofTransport, BuildingandUrbanAffairs.
EUrelevance
ThismeasureisconsistentwiththeEUpolicy ofmakinggreateruseofinnovativetechnologiestomanagefuturetrafficgrowthandto improvetheprofileandimageofEuropeasa placetodobusiness.Thefinancialassistance programmewillrequireEuropeanCommissionapproval.
Implementationperiod
Workondevelopingthefundingguidelines willcommencein2008.
�� Measures:Avoidingunnecessaryjourneys–ensuringmobility Measures:Avoidingunnecessaryjourneys–ensuringmobility ��
B3 Optimizetransittraffic
Currentsituation
Transittrafficwhoseoriginanddestination areabroadwill,inthefuture,accountfor aneverlargershareofroadhaulageand railfreight.Thetransportinterconnectivity forecastforGermanypredictsthattherewill bea2.5-foldincrease(intermsoftonne-kilometres)by2025.Thismeansthattherisein transittrafficwillbetwiceashighastherise infreighttrafficinGermanyasawhole.The shareoftransittrafficisespeciallyhighincon tainerizedrailfreight.Oncertaincorridors, someofwhichrunthroughdenselypopulated conurbationsorregionsthatareimportant fortourism,transittrafficisthusresultingin aconsiderablenuisanceintheformofnoise, pollutantsandCO²emissionsandcausing wearandtearontheinfrastructure.
Descriptionofthemeasure
AttheEuropeanlevel,optionsarebeingexploredastohowtransittrafficcanbeoptimized and,forinstancebycreatingnewdelivery routesandbymeansoffeederservicestoand fromtheMediterraneanports,shortenedor evenreduced.Tothisend,theFederalGovernmentwillplacethisissueontheEuropean agenda,takingcaretosafeguardtheinterests ofGermanbusinessesandports.Inparallel, approachesarebeingdevelopedatEuropeanleveltoidentifymarket-basedincentives toshiftmoretraffictotherailwaysandwa terways,especiallyoverlongdistances.The FederalMinistryofTransport,Buildingand UrbanAffairswillhaveastudypreparedon thissubject.
Impact
Optimizationoftransportbyreducingthe numberoftransitjourneysandbyusingshorterormoreenergy-efficientroutesthrough
Europe(e.g.shortseashippingorinlandwaterwaytransport).
Responsibility
FederalMinistryofTransport,Buildingand UrbanAffairs,federalstates,EU,shippersand hauliers,ports.
Budgetaryrelevance Thismeasurewillnotrequireanyadditional fundingfromthebudget.
EUrelevance
SolutionscanonlybefoundatEuropeanlevel.
Implementationperiod
Discussionsaretostartimmediately.
B� ShortSeaShipping
Currentsituation
Germanyishavingtocopewitharisingvolumeofpurelytransittraffic.Especiallyhard hitisthenorth-southtransitcorridorthrough Germany,withasizeableshareoftrafficto SpainandPortugal.Currentforecastspredict thattrafficlevelsonthiscorridorwillriseat adisproportionatelyhighrate,andtheconsequenceswillbeincreasingnoise,pollutant andCO²emissions.Shortseashipping,includinginlandnavigationtoagreaterextent, canhelptorelievetheburdenonthiscorridor. Thecargoistranshippedatoverseasportsand continuesitsjourneyonso-calledmotorways ofthesea.Motorwaysoftheseaaremaritime corridorswithahighvolumeofshippingto whichfreighttrafficisshiftedtoeasetheburdenonroadsandrailways.Successfulprojects intheBalticSearegionillustratethatshortsea shippingallowstraffictobeshiftedfromthe roadstothesea.
Descriptionofthemeasure
Developmentofastrategyforshiftingroad haulagetrafficonthenorth-southcorridor tothewaterbornemodebymakinguseofthe possibilitiesofshortseashippingandinland waterwaytransport.Atthesametime,theprojectsintheBalticSeaaretobeevolved.
Impact
Lastingreliefofcongestionontheroadsofthe north-southcorridor,reductioninCO²emissionsandnoisealongthecorridors.
Responsibility
FederalMinistryofTransport,Buildingand UrbanAffairs,EU,shippersandhauliers,AssociationofGermanSeaportOperators(ZDS).ExpertsupportwillbeprovidedbytheShortSea ShippingInlandWaterwayPromotionCentre
(SPC).Asawhole,thismeasurewillrequire intensivemultilateralandEUcooperation.
Budgetaryrelevance Initiallynoimpactonthebudget.Ifitwas intendedtoimplementthestrategy,start-up financingthroughtheEU’sMarcoPolopro grammecouldbeconsidered.
EUrelevance
TheEUispromotingagreaterdevelopment ofshortseashippingandmotorwaysofthe seathroughitsMarcoPoloprogrammeandin accordancewiththeTEN-Tguidelines.
Implementationperiod
Workondevelopingastrategyistocommence in2008.
�� Me asur es:Shif tingmoretr affictother a ilwaysandinl andwaterways ��
C Shiftingmoretraffictotherailwaysandinlandwaterways
�� Measures:Shiftingmoretraffictotherailwaysandinlandwaterways Measures:Shiftingmoretraffictotherailwaysandinlandwaterways ��
C1 Reviewtheregulatoryframeworkforfreighttransportinintermodalcompetition C� Increasefundingforcombinedtransport
Currentsituation withtheFederalMinistryofFinance,Federal Currentsituation
Amajorconstituentofanintegratedtransport MinistryfortheEnvironment,NatureCon- Theexistingintermodalhandlingfacilitiesat policyinGermanyandEuropeisco-modality. servationandNuclearSafety,andtheFederal alllogisticshubsinGermany–intheindus-Allmodesoftransportaretobeabletodeploy MinistryofEconomicsandTechnologyalso trialcentresintheinteriorofthecountry,at theirinherentstrengthsonalevelplaying involved. inlandports,intheareasaroundseaportsand field.Theconditionsofcompetitioncurrently inborderregions–areworkingatorneartheir varyfromonemodetothenext,whichmayre- Budgetaryrelevance capacitylimit.Inaddition,someaircargo sultindistortionsofcompetitionbetweenthe ThereportwillbefundedfromtheFederal feederservicesaretobetransferredfrom individualmodesinfreighttransport.Against MinistryofTransport,BuildingandUrban roadtorail.Currentforecasts,forinstance thisbackgroundthequestionarises:Doesthe Affairs’budget. theforecastoftransportinterconnectivityfor present-daymodalsplitreflectfairconditions 2025,predicttherewillbeadisproportionateofcompetitionintheinterestsofco-modality, EUrelevance lyhighandsustaineddemandforintermodal andifnot,whathastobechangedtoestablish ThereportwillbeconsistentwithEUpolicy. transportinthefuture.Today,fundingtotalsuchconditions? lingaround€62.5millionisavailableannu-
Implementationperiod allyinthefederalbudgetfortheco-financing Descriptionofthemeasure Thereportistobedrawnupin2009. ofcombinedtransportterminals.However, Preparationofareporttoreviewthecurrent therearealreadynumerousrequestsforthe situationoftheindividualmodesinfreight constructionofnewhandlingfacilitiesorthe transportand,ifappropriate,toformulatepro upgradingofexistingfacilitieswhichcannot posalsfortheestablishmentoffairconditions bemetbecauseofashortageoffunds. ofcompetition.Thiswillinvolve,forinstance, theimpactofcostfactorsoncompetition(user Descriptionofthemeasure
paysprinciple,costsofaccidents,environmen- Increaseoffundingfortheconstruction/up talcosts,infrastructurecosts,electricitytaxin gradingofcombinedtransporttranshipment railtransport,andthelike). facilitiesfromitscurrentannuallevelof€62.5
millionto€115millionayear.Inaddition,a Impact totalof€32millionperannumwillbeavaila-Thereportwillprovideabetteroverviewof bleforthefundingofrailsidings. theimpactoftheregulatoryframeworkin intermodalcompetitionand,ifappropriate, Impact
formulatealistofproposals,theimplementa- Makinggreateruseoftransportchains,which tionofwhichcanguaranteecompetitionthat combinedtransportmakespossible,willhelp isasfairaspossible.Inaddition,thismeasure toenhancethecapacityoftheoverallsystem, isdesignedtopreventasituationfromarising toshiftfreighttrafficfromtheroadstothe whereashiftoftraffictotherailwaysand railwaysandwaterwaysandtobringabout inlandwaterwaysishamperedbythelackofa moreenvironmentallyfriendlytransportopelevelregulatoryplayingfield. rations.Theongoingevaluationoftheguide
linesonthepromotionofcombinedtransport Responsibility transhipmentfacilitiesrevealed(inFebruary TheFederalMinistryofTransport,Building 2008)thatthisinvestmentwillprobablyresult andUrbanAffairsistheleaddepartment, inatotalofaround78milliontonnesor49.3
billiontkmbeingshifted.ThiswouldcutCO² emissionsbyaround7.5milliontonnesper annum.
Responsibility
TheFederalMinistryofTransport,Building andUrbanAffairsandFederalMinistryof Financeareresponsibleforimplementingthis measure.
Budgetaryrelevance
Theadditionalfundsrequiredwillbeprovidedaspartofthecurrent,increasedfinancial planningoftheFederalMinistryofTransport, BuildingandUrbanAffairs.
EUrelevance
ThismeasureisconsistentwithEUpolicy, whichaimstostrengthencombinedtransport inEuropeandtoestablishgreentransport corridorsasameasureoftheFreightTransport LogisticsActionPlan.
Implementationperiod
Fundingistobeprovidedstartinginfinancial year2009.
�0 Measures:Shiftingmoretraffictotherailwaysandinlandwaterways Measures:Shiftingmoretraffictotherailwaysandinlandwaterways �1
C3 Evolvehandlingtechnologiesandorganizationincombinedtransport
Currentsituation Responsibility
Thecurrentdisproportionatelyhighdemand TheFederalMinistryofTransport,Building forintermodaltransportserviceswillincrease andUrbanAffairsisresponsiblefordrawing evenfurtherinthefuture.Tomeetthisde upthefundingguidelines. mand,thecapacityofthecompositesystems comprisingtherailways,roadsandwaterways Budgetaryrelevance
hastobeenhanced.Innovativehandlingtech- Thecostsofthismeasurewillbewithinthe nologiessuchas limitsofthecurrent,increasedfinancial
parallelhorizontalloading, • planningoftheFederalMinistryofTransport, parallelautomatedhorizontalloadingor • BuildingandUrbanAffairs. waterbornecontainermovementswithin • ports EUrelevance
canmakeitpossibletoachieveefficiency ThismeasureisconsistentwithEUpolicy, gainsandofferarangeofservicesthatmeets whichaimstostrengthencombinedtransdemand.However,manyinnovativedevelop portinEurope.Supportingcombinedtransmentsfailbecauseofthehighcostsinvolvedin portisoneofthesubjectsoftheEU’sFreight apilotprojectthathastobecarriedoutbefore TransportLogisticsActionPlan.Thefinancial potentiallysuccessfulcommercialization. assistanceprogrammewillrequireEuropean commissionapproval. Descriptionofthemeasure
Introductionoffundingguidelinestoprovide Implementationperiod
assistancetopilotprojectsthatsupportthe Workondevelopingthefundingguidelinesis evolutionofinnovativehandlingtechnologies tocommenceimmediately.Thepreparatory incombinedtransport.Thisisdesignedto periodleadinguptotheentryintoforceofthe makeitpossibletoprovidefinancialassistance fundingguidelineswillprobablybemorethan topilotprojectsincombinedtransportthat oneyear. cannotbefundedthroughtheexistingprogrammesbecausetheyarealreadybeyondthe researchstageandhavenotyetbeenlaunched onthemarket.
Impact
Thesenewfundingguidelinesaredesigned toimprovetheintroductionofnewhandling technologiesontothecombinedtransport market.Thisistoenhancetheefficiencyof combinedtransportandincentivizeashiftof traffictotheenvironmentallyfriendlyinland navigationandrailmodes.Thiswillalsomake acontributiontowardstacklingclimatechangeandprotectingtheenvironment.
C4 Internalizeexternalcosts
Currentsituation
Externalcostsarethosecoststhatarenot capturedbymarketprices,whichmeansthat investmentandusedecisionstakenonthe basisofthesemarketpricesarelessthaneconomicallyoptimum.Inthetransportsector, theseareessentiallytheexternalcostsof: • airpollution; • climatechange; • noise; • accidents; • congestion. Ifthepricesfortransportservicesaretoolow withregardtoexternalcosts,thiswillresultin thepriceforthetransportserviceinquestion notreflectingallthecosts.Thus,thedemand forthistransportserviceistoohigh.Thiscan result,amongotherthings,inawasteofraw materials(e.g.water,fossilenergysources). Descriptionofthemeasure
Astrategyistobedevelopedtobetterinternalizeexternalcosts,takingaccountofthe forthcomingamendmenttotheECInfrastructureChargingDirective(cf.decisionstakenat thespecialcabinetmeetinginMeseberg).This willalsomakeacontributiontotheEuropeandiscussionofexternalcosts,soasnotto haveanisolatedadverseimpactonthecompetitivenessoftheGermanfreighttransport industry.
Impact
Thestrategywillproducegreatertransparencyregardingthenatureandlevelofthecosts totheeconomyofindividualmeansoftransport,whichcanbeusedasadecision-making basisfortransportandeconomicpolicies.
Responsibility
TheFederalMinistryofTransport,Building andUrbanAffairsisresponsiblefordeveloping thestrategy.
Budgetaryrelevance
Thedevelopmentofthestrategywillnotentail anycostsforthebudget.
EUrelevance
ThismeasureisconsistentwithEUtransport policy.InJune2008,theEuropeanCommissionwillpresentaproposalfortherevisionof theInfrastructureChargingDirectivewitha viewtointernalizingexternalcosts.
Implementationperiod
Thescheduleandsubjectmatterofthedeliberationswillhavetobecoordinatedwiththe EuropeanCommission’sproposalforarevision oftheInfrastructureChargingDirective.
�� Measures:Upgradingmoretransportarteriesandhubs Measures:Upgradingmoretransportarteriesandhubs ��
D1 Segregatefreightandpassengertraffic
Currentsituation
Thegrowthintrafficlevels,especiallyinthe freightsector,isincreasinglyresultingin conflictsintheuseofthetransportinfrastruc turebetweenfreightandpassengertraffic andbetweenheavygoodsvehicletrafficand privatetraffic.Thisisimpedingthefreeflow oftrafficandhavinganadverseimpactonthe efficiencyofthetransportinfrastructure. • Thereareincreasingcapacityconstraints
onthebusiestrailfreightlines.Onthe north-southcorridors,inparticular,there areeithernopathsavailableor,where theyareavailable,theyarelimitedoronly availableattimesthatarenotcompatible withthemarket.Theseconstraintshave variouscauses,includingcompetition withregularintervalpassengerservices foruseoftheinfrastructure.
• Onbusyfour-lanesectionsoffederal motorway,HGVspullingouttoovertake, inparticular,causecriticalsituationswith fastermovingpassengercars.Thisslows downtheflowoftrafficandreduceseffi ciency.Thisproblemislikelytogetworse withtheforecastgrowthintrafficlevels.
Descriptionofthemeasure
Byreducingpathingconflictsbetweenregi onalpassengerrailservicesandrailfreight services,andbytakingtargetedactionto removebottlenecksonboththerailwaysand theroads,agreaterseparationofthedifferent typesoftrafficonbusyroutesistobeachieved. Thissegregationisdesignedtoincreasepermeability,improvetransportsafetyandreducetheriskofcongestion.Thismeasureisalso designedtoresultinimprovementsinpassengertransport,becausethebottlenecksconcernedarepredominantlyonmixed-useroutes. Optionsforresolvingpathingconflictsareto bereviewedand,ifappropriate,astrategyis
tobedeveloped.Inthiscontext,thepossibilityofextendingtheprioritizationoffreight trafficduringthenightistobeexplored.The measuresaretobeshapedsuchthattheyare acceptableandwithbalancedapproachesto passengertraffic. Asfarastheremovalofbottlenecksonthe railwaysisconcerned,DBAG’s“Network21” strategyistobecontinuedandaccelerated.DB AG’s“Network21”strategyincludestheaimof segregatingslowandfastservices,andisalso reflectedinfederaltransportinfrastructure planningandtheplanningofrequirements. Themostefficientwaytosegregatefreightand passengertrafficontheroadsisbywidening federalmotorwaystosixandeightlanes.The appropriateconstructionworkistobecarried outmorequicklythaninthepasttoupgrade therelevantsectionsoffederalmotorway.
Impact
• Removalofbottlenecksontherailways: ThecontinuationandaccelerationofDB AG’s“Network21”strategywillmake railwayinfrastructurelinesandhubs morepermeableandwillmakeitpossible toimprovethequalityoffreighttransport andtoenhancepathingcapacity.Experts believethatitismostlycomparablysmallscaleinvestmentprojectsthat–inrelation tothelineconcerned–willresultinan enhancementoftheefficiencyofthenetworkcapacity(gainingadditionalpaths) intherangeof10to20%.
• Pathingconflicts:Expertsbelievethat evenminorflexibilizationmeasures,such asmovingthescheduleofonetrainbya fewminutesoradjustingtheslotofone trainperhourinaregularintervalservice, canresultinaperceptibleenhancement ofrailfreightpathingcapacity,especially attimesthatarerelevanttothemarket.
• Removalofbottlenecksontheroads: Wideningtosixlanesthosestretchesoffederalmotorwaythatarebusyandofprime importancetoroadhaulagewillenhance thecapacityofthesectionsconcernedby upto50%.ThiswillmakethemcorrespondinglymorepermeableforHGVsand passengercars,andisabsolutelyessential iftheforecastgrowthinlevelsofboth typesoftrafficistobebetterabsorbed.If bottlenecksareremovedontheroad,it willnotbenecessarytointroduce“areawide”bansonovertakingforheavygoods vehicles.Implementationofthismeasure willreducethefrequencyofcongestion andaccidentsandthusalsothesocial costsoftransport.Inaddition,thereductioninthenumberoftrafficjamsand accidentswillmakeroadhaulageservices easiertoplanandmorereliableacrossthe entirenetwork.Thiswillmakethedeploymentofresourcesmoreefficient,bothfor logisticsserviceprovidersandfortrade andindustry(lesscapital-tieupforbuffer stockandequipment,improvedturnaround).Ultimately,themeasureisalso designedtocounteraneconomicallyinefficientdownsizingofthevehiclefleet:in ordertogetroundtheobstaclesthatheavy goodsvehiclesface,suchasbansonovertakingandspeedlimits,logisticsservice providersare,insomecases,operating smaller,fastervehicles(lightvans)rather thanlong-distanceHGVsontime-sensitive andjust-in-timetransportmarkets.
Responsibility
• DBNetzAGisresponsibleforremoving bottlenecksontherailways.
• Theresolutionofpathingconflicts,where thisisappropriateandpossible,isthe responsibilityofDBNetzAGinconsultati onwiththeFederalNetworkAgencyand withtheinvolvementofrailwayunderta
kingsandthefederalstatesaffected(as theauthoritiesthatorderlocaltransport services).
• TheFederalMinistryofTransport,BuildingandUrbanAffairs,inconsultation withthefederalstates,isresponsiblefor removingbottlenecksonthefederalmotorways.
Budgetaryrelevance
Theupdatedfinancialplanningincludessig nificantlyhigherlevelsofinvestmentforthe removalofbottlenecks.In2009,anadditional €1billion(approx.)willbemadeavailable.
EUrelevance
Thesemeasuresareconsistentwiththefreight transportlogisticsactionsthattheEUintends totake.
Implementationperiod
Thesemeasuresareduetobelaunchedimmediately.
�� Measures:Upgradingmoretransportarteriesandhubs Measures:Upgradingmoretransportarteriesandhubs ��
D� Reviewtherequirementplans
Currentsituation
Toprioritizetransportinfrastructureinvestments,theFederalGovernmentdevelopsa FederalTransportInfrastructurePlan.This makesitpossible–onthebasisoftheavailable trafficforecastsandacostanalysisplusanen vironmentalimpactassessmentandaspatial impactassessmentoftheindividualprojects –toidentifythosemeasuresthathaveahigh levelofefficiencyintermsoftransportandthe nationaleconomy.ToimplementtheFederal TransportInfrastructurePlan,requirement plans,whichcontainthefirstpriorityprojects, havebeenincludedintheRailwayInfrastructureUpgradingActandtheFederalTrunk RoadUpgradingAct. SincetheadoptionofthemostrecentFederal TransportInfrastructurePlanin2003,based onthetrafficforecastdatingfrom2001,and therelatedupgradingacts/requirementplans, therehasbeenafurtherchangeinthegeneralframeworkandprospectsforthefuture. Trendsintrafficgrowth,demographicchan ge,globalizationandnewclimatechange andenvironmentalprotectionrequirements presentGermanywithnewchallenges,which arereflectedinthedemandfortransport,in particular.Theyalsoincludetheimpactof newtechnologies,innovationsandnewlogisticsprocesses.
Descriptionofthemeasure
Astartistobemadeimmediatelyonreviewingtherequirementplans,asprovidedforby law,andsubsequentlyadaptingthemifnecessary,sothatareportcanbesubmittedtoparliamentin2010andanynecessaryadaptation oftherequirementplanscanbeinitiatedina timelyfashion.Thereviewoftherequirement plansalsofollows,inparticular,thetransport policyguidancesetoutinthisFreightTransportandLogisticsMasterplan.Thereview
mustalsotakeaccountoftherequirementsof inlandwaterways,evenifarequirementplan doesnotexplicitlyhavetobepreparedforthis sector.
Impact
Bylaunchingthismeasure,itwillbepossible tosecuretheinvestmentprioritiesasearlyas possible.
Responsibility
TheFederalMinistryofTransport,Building andUrbanAffairsisresponsibleforupdating theFederalTransportInfrastructurePlanand theassociatedupgradingacts.
Budgetaryrelevance
Itisestimatedthatthecostsofthereportsand studieswillbe€3to5million.Thismeasure willbefundedfromtheFederalMinistryof Transport,BuildingandUrbanAffairs’budget.
EUrelevance
Thismeasurewillalsoimpactonroutesthat arethesubjectofthetrans-Europeannetworks.
Implementationperiod
Itwillbepossibletoconcludethereviewofthe requirementplansin2010.
D3 PressaheadwiththeimplementationofPPPsolutionsforthespeedyandefficient
deliveryofmotorwaywideningandmotorwaymaintenanceprojects
Currentsituation Responsibility
Thefederaltrunkroadnetworkcurrently TheFederalMinistryofTransport,Building comprisesover12,500kmofmotorwaysand andUrbanAffairsisresponsibleforthis around41,000kmoffederalhighways,andis measure. thusthedensesttrunkroadnetworkinEurope.Maintainingandupgradingthistrunk Budgetaryrelevance
roadnetworkrequiresahighleveloffinancial SuitablePPPprojectsgenerateamoreefficient expenditure.Withtheintroductionofthehea economicreturnthanisthecasewithconvenvygoodsvehicletollingscheme,theestablish tionalpublicfunding. mentoftheTransportInfrastructureFinancingCompanyandtheuseofoperatormodels, EUrelevance
therenowexistsinGermany,forthefirsttime PPPsolutionsarepractisedinmanyEUcounever,awiderrangeofsourcesforinfrastruc tries. turefunding.Oneofthewaysofachievingthis isbywideningthetermsofreferenceofthe Implementationperiod
TransportInfrastructureFinancingCompa- Thismeasureistobeimplementedimmediany.Theinvolvementofprivatesectorcapital tely. throughpublicprivatepartnership(PPP)or otherformsoffundingcanresultinfasterand morecost-effectivedelivery.PPPhasestablisheditselfasaformoffundinginthetransport sector.Greateruseistobemadeofitwhereit providesbettervalueformoneythanconventionalpublicfunding.
Descriptionofthemeasure
PPPsolutionsintheroadconstructionsector aretobeencouragedforsuitableprojects.PPP willbeexaminedtoseewhetheritisasuitable wayofsolvingtheproblemsofparkingspace onfederalmotorways.
Impact
PressingaheadwiththeuseofPPPforsuitable projectsintheroadconstructionsectorwill resultinbenefitstothenationaleconomy.The involvementofprivatesectorcapitalwillmake itpossible,inparticular,toimplementmajor projectsearlier.Inaddition,itcanresultin shorterconstructionperiods.
�� Me asur es:En v ironmentallyfriendly,climate-friendly,quieta ndsafetr ansport ��
E Environmentallyfriendly,climate-friendly,quietandsafetransport
�0 Measures:En vironmenta llyfr iendly,climate-fr iendly,quietandsafetr ansport
E1 Developastrategytovarytollratesaccordingtotheroutedrivenandthetimeofday
Me asur es:En v ironmentallyfriendly,climate-
E� Mitigatenoiseontherailways
Currentsituation
Theproblemsassociatedwithnoiseare especiallyacuteinrailtransport,because mainlinesfrequentlyrunthroughdensely populatedareasandcauseconsiderablenoise nuisanceforpeoplelivingneartheselines. Againstthebackgroundofincreasingtransportoperations,therisinglevelsofnoiseemissionstheyentailmustbeminimized.Inaddi tiontotheconstructionofnoisebarriers,the procurementoflow-noisefreightwagonsand theretrofittingofexistingwagonstomake themquieterareofparticularimportance.
Descriptionofthemeasure
Creationofincentivesfortheretrofittingof rollingstocktoreducethenoisecausedby freightwagons,byintroducinganeffective differentiationoftrackaccesschargesbased onnoiseemissions.
Impact
Thespeedyintroductionofasmanylow-noise
friendly,quietandsafetr ansport �1
EUrelevance
ThismeasureisconsistentwithEUtransport policy(seealsotheEU’sFreightTransportLogisticsActionPlan).
Implementationperiod
Thismeasureistobeimplementedwithinfive years.
Currentsituation
Thesteadyincreaseintrafficlevelsisprodu cingagrowingnumberofcongestion-prone sectionsofroad.Thepossibilityofvaryingtoll ratesbyplaceandtimecouldhavearegulatoryimpactonthelevelsofcongestiononthese sections.Atitsspecialcabinetmeetingin MeseberginAugust2007,theFederalGovernmentdecidedtoachieveanimprovedregulatoryimpactthroughtheHGVtollingsystem.
Descriptionofthemeasure
Developmentofatollratemodelthatuses routeandtimeofdaycategoriesinaddition totheregulatoryimpactbasedonweightand emissions.TheFederalHighwayResearch Instituteistodevelopastrategytoidentifythe potentialinherenttheHGVtollingsystemfora regulatoryimpactthroughavariationoftolls accordingtotheroutedrivenandthetime ofday,takingaccountoftheimpactsonthe logisticssectorandtheeconomy.Thefederal stateswillbeinvolved. Varyingtollratesaccordingtotheroutedriven wouldatpresentalreadybelegallypermissibleandtechnologicallyfeasible,inboththe automaticandmanualsystems.Tollsvariedby timearecurrentlyonlyfeasibleusingtheautomaticprocedure,becauseherethejourney datarecordedbytheon-boardunitisaccurate totheminutesothattheapplicableratecan becalculatedsimultaneously.Thismeans thattollsvariedbytimecanonlyberealizedif thereisevengreatermarketcoveragewiththe automaticsystem.
Impact
Thismeasureisdesignedtopreventcongestionandproduceabettersegregationoftraffic. Itistoidentifytheextenttowhichdifferential tolling–takingaccountofthecostsoftoll collection–canmakeacontributiontothis
objective,therebymakingtransportmore environmentallyfriendlyandreducingits climatechangeimpact.
Responsibility
TheFederalMinistryofTransport,Building andUrbanAffairsisresponsibleforimplementingthismeasure.
Budgetaryrelevance
Thismeasurehasnobudgetaryrelevance, becausetheso-calledEurovignetteDirective (Directive1999/62/EC)statesthatdifferential charginghastobefiscallyneutral.Graduating chargesaccordingtotheroutedrivenandthe timeofdayisnotdesignedtogenerateany additionaltollrevenue.Thefundsneeded todevelopthetollingsystemwillhavetobe generatedfromtollrevenue.
EUrelevance
TheEurovignetteDirectiveimposeslimitson theextenttowhichchargesmaybegraduated.Itstatesthatthedifferencebetweenthe cheapestandthemostexpensivetollratemay beupto100%andthatgraduatedcharging hastobefiscallyneutral.
Implementationperiod
TheFederalHighwayResearchInstitute istoproposein2008astrategytoidentifythepotentialinherentintheHGV tollingsystemforaregulatoryimpact throughavariationoftollsaccordingto theroutedrivenandthetimeofday.
freightwagonsaspossiblewillmakeitpossible toreducetransportnoiseandtheimpairment ofhealthitcauses,therebymakingtransport moreenvironmentallyfriendlyandreducing itsclimatechangeimpact.
Responsibility
TheFederalMinistryofTransport,Building andUrbanAffairsandrailwayinfrastructure managersareresponsibleforimplementing thismeasure.
Budgetaryrelevance
Thebudgetaryrelevanceofthismeasurewill dependonthenatureofthedifferentiation.
�� Measures:Environmentallyfriendly,climate-friendly,quietandsafetransport Measures:Environmentallyfriendly,climate-friendly,quietandsafetransport ��
E3 Establishafinancialassistanceprogrammetoencouragetheuseofmodern E4 Optimizeprocessesinthelogisticschaintakinggreateraccountofenvironmentalconcerns
Currentsituation thefreightwagonfleet,therebysignificantly Theproblemsassociatedwithnoiseareespe mitigatingtheimpactofnoiseonresidents. ciallyacuteintherailfreightsector,because mainlinesfrequentlyrunthroughdenselypo- Responsibility
pulatedareasandcauseconsiderablenuisance Thepilotandinnovationprogrammewillbe forpeoplelivingneartheselines.Residents’ controlledbyaninterministerialworking qualityoflifecouldbeimprovedbytheuseof groupwiththeFederalMinistryofTransport, newtechnologies,suchasinnovativebrake BuildingandUrbanAffairsasleaddepartblocksforfreightwagons.Thedevelopment ment,EU(stateaidissues,possiblyuniformEU andretrofittingofimprovedbrakeblocktypes solution). entailsrisksandopportunitiesforrailway undertakings.Atpresent,however,thereare Budgetaryrelevance
neitherincentivesnorobligationstounder- The2008federalbudgetincludes100million takesucharetrofit. eurosinthe“noisemitigation“item.Ofthis
sum,10millioneurosarering-fencedforthe Descriptionofthemeasure pilotandinnovationprogramme.Atotalofup Apilotprojectistobelaunchedfortheretro to40millioneuros,distributedoverfouryears, fittingofexistingfreightwagonstoreducethe willbeprovidedforthispurpose. noisetheycause.Onaselectedbusycorridor (RhineValley),theshort-termuseofquiet EUrelevance
freightwagonsistodeliverpracticalfindings ThismeasurewillrequireEuropeanCommisaboutthenecessaryengineeringandauthori sionapproval. zations.Inparallel,aprogrammecomponent forthecollectionofdataonwagonsistolay Implementationperiod
thefoundationsforfurthermeasures,espe- Aroundtwotofouryearswillberequiredto ciallywithregardtoarevenue-neutralemissi retrofitthewagons. ons-basedrailinfrastructurechargingsystem. Theobjectiveoftheinnovationprogramme istofurtherimprovenoise-reducingretrofit solutionsforolder,noisyfreightwagonsand tomakethesesolutionsmorewidelyavailable. Theaimistoreducethecostsofdeveloping improvedbrakeblocktypesforretrofitting andtospeedupdevelopment.
Impact
Thismeasurewillhelptomaketransport moreenvironmentallyfriendlyandreduceits impactonclimatechangebyseekingtosubstantiallyreducethelevelofnoisecausedby
technologiestoreducethenoisecausedbyrollingstock
Currentsituation measurewillbefundedfromtheFederal Efficientlogisticssystemsandnetworksare MinistryofTransport,BuildingandUrban acrucialfactorinthesuccessofbusinesses Affairs’budget. andlocationsinnationalandinternational competition.However,efficientsystemsdo EUrelevance
not,bythemselves,automaticallymeanthat ThismeasureisconsistentwithEUenvironoptimumconsiderationisgiventoenviron mentalandtransportpolicy,accordingto mentalconcerns.Examplesdoshow,however, whichfreighttransportandlogisticscanmake thattechnologicalinnovationsandoptimized acontributiontoenvironmentalprotection processes,withtheinvolvementofproducers, andclimatechangemitigation,inparticular canresultinbetterprofitabilityandcompeti byunlockingpotentialforCO²savings. tivenesswhiletakingaccountofenvironmentalconcerns. Implementationperiod
Thestrategyistobedevelopedin2008/2009. Descriptionofthemeasure
Incentivesaretobedevelopedtooptimize processesinthelogisticschaintakinggreater accountofenvironmentalconcerns.Inparticular,theimpactoffinancialassistanceincen tivesforvoluntaryenvironmentalcertification (e.g.ISO14001andEMAS)ofthelogisticschain istobeconsidered.
Impact
Thismeasureisdesignedtoenhancethe efficiencyofthelogisticschainandtoresultin furthercontributionsbeingmadetoenvironmentalprotectionandclimatechangemitigation,forinstancebyreducingCO²emissions.
Responsibility
Incentivesand,ifappropriate,fundingstrategieswillbedevelopedbytheFederalMinistry ofTransport,BuildingandUrbanAffairs.Shippers,forwardersandlogisticsoperatorswillbe responsibleforimplementingthemeasures.
Budgetaryrelevance
Thefundingrequiredforpublicsectorfinan cialassistanceprogrammesisestimatedto bearound€4to6millionperannum.This
�� Measures:Environmentallyfriendly,climate-friendly,quietandsafetransport Measures:Goodworkingconditionsandgoodtraininginthefreighttransportindustry ��
E� Furthertightenenvironmentalandsafetystandards(emissionsreduction,
noisemitigation,safetytechnology)
Currentsituation
TheFederalGovernmenthassetitselfthe objectiveofreducingthegreenhousegas emissionscausedbyGermanyby40%by2020 comparedwith1990levels.Thetransportsectorhastoplayitspartinachievingthisgoal. Thisappliesespeciallytoheavygoodsvehicle traffic,becauseroadhaulageaccountsforone thirdofallCO²emissionsfromroadtransport. Inaddition,thefactthatcurrentforecastspredictagrowthinlevelsoffreighttrafficmeans thatlegitimatequestionsoftransportsafety andnoisemitigationareincreasinglybecomingthefocusofpublicattention.
Descriptionofthemeasure
Theexistingprogrammeofinnovationisto beevolved–possiblywithintheframework ofthetollcompensationmeasures–towards theprovisionoffurtherfinancialassistance toencouragethepurchaseofcleanerand quieterHGVs.Inaddition,itisalsotocover issuesrelatingtotransportsafetytechnology andefficientlogisticssystems.Inthisway,for instance,electronicstabilityprogrammes suchasESPandothermodernsafetytechnologies,especiallydriverassistancesystems, couldbeintroducedearlierthanrequiredby law.Ininlandnavigation,theexistingfinan cialassistanceprogrammestoencouragethe purchaseoflow-emissionenginesandparticulatetrapswillbeoptimizedand,ifapprop riate,continued.Usingmorebiofuelsinthe freighttransportsectorcanalsohelptoreduce CO²emissions.Inthiscontext,possibilities forusingmorevegetableoilandbiodieselin HGVs,localpublictransportandinlandnavigation,includingtechnicalconversion,should beexplored.
Impact F Goodworkingconditionsandgoodtraininginthefreighttransportindustry Thesemeasuresaredesignedtohelpreduce CO²emissionsandimprovesafetyintheroad haulagesector.
Responsibility
TheFederalMinistryofTransport,Building andUrbanAffairshasleadresponsibilityfor evolvingtheprogrammesofinnovation.
Budgetaryrelevance
Implementationofthemeasureswillhavea neutralimpactonthebudget.
EUrelevance
ThismeasureisconsistentwiththeEUobjectivesofmakingfreighttransportclimatefriendlyandenvironmentallyacceptable andimprovingroadsafety.Thefinancial assistanceprogrammewillrequireEuropean Commissionapproval.
Implementationperiod
Workondevelopingthefundingguidelinesis tocommencein2008.Thepreparatoryperiod leadinguptotheentryintoforceofthefundingguidelineswillprobablybemorethan oneyear.
�� Measures:Goodworkingconditionsandgoodtraininginthefreighttransportindustry Measures:Goodworkingconditionsandgoodtraininginthefreighttransportindustry ��
F1 Stepuptheenforcementofsociallegislationintheroadhaulagesector
toimproveroadsafety
Currentsituation
Infringementsofroadsafetyrulesorsocial legislationareoftenamajorfactorinserious roadaccidents.Monitoringcompliancewith theserulesmakesamajorcontributiontogeneralroadsafetyandtotheprotectionofthe socialwelfareofthecrews.
Descriptionofthemeasure
Continuous,targetedevaluationoftheresults ofcheckscarriedoutbytheFederalOfficefor GoodsTransportandthefederalstates,includingchecksofvehiclesfromotherEUMember Statesandthirdcountries(monitoring). • Atthenationallevel,proposalsforimpro
vingthecheckingstrategyaretobederivedfromtheresults.Ifnecessary,special checksaretobecarriedout.
• AttheEuropeanlevel,theresultsareto informtheevolutionoftheregulatory framework.
• Inadditional,atnationallevel,theissue istofeaturemorestronglyintraining,for instanceofprofessionaldrivers,haulage operatorsandlogisticians.
Impact
Thismeasurewillresultinbettercompliance withsociallegislationinthefreighttransport industry. Responsibility
TheFederalMinistryofTransport,Building andUrbanAffairs,theFederalOfficeforGoods Transport,thefederalstatesandthebodies thatprovidetrainingareresponsibleforimplementingthemeasure.
Budgetaryrelevance
Implementationofthemeasurewillhavea neutralimpactonthebudget.
EUrelevance
Whenthemeasureisimplemented,theEuropeanregulatoryframeworkgoverningthe roadhaulagesectoristobeobserved.
Implementationperiod
Themeasureistobeimplementedcontinuouslystartingin2008.Initialresultsareexpected inthesummerof2008.
F� Launchabasicandfurthertraininginitiative
Currentsituation sector.Astheregulatorybodyresponsible Inallspheresoflogistics,thereisanincreased for90%ofalltrainingregulations,theFedeneedforskilledpersonnel.Thisneedranges ralMinistryofEconomicsandTechnology fromprofessionaldriverstohighlyskilled willalsoissuepractice-orientedtraining professionalswithanacademicbackground. regulationsthatreflecttherequirementsof Despitethis,fartoofewoperatorshavesofar industryandtechnology,asithasalready offeredtheiremployeesarangeofbasicand doneinrecentyearsforthefieldsoffreight furthertrainingcourses.Itisimperativethat forwarding,inventorymanagementand operatorsbemademoreawareofthepotential courier,expressandpostalservices.Asfar benefitofawiderrangeofskillsschemesand asfurthertrainingisconcerned,theFededeveloptheircommitmenttowideningthe ralMinistryofEducationandResearch,as rangeofin-companytrainingcourses.There thedepartmentresponsible,willdevelop isgreatunusedpotentialherewhich,ifunlo appropriateschemes,withtheinvolvecked,willhelptomeetthedemandforskilled mentofthesocialpartners,inparticular. workersandproduceadditionalscopefor enhancingproductivity.Thecontentsofthe Impact
trainingcourseswillhavetobecontinuously Byquicklyrelievingtheshortageofpersonadapted(technically,organizationally,etc.) nel,raisingtheskillslevelandimproving toongoingdevelopmentsarisingasaresultof thesector’simage,wewilllaythefoundaglobalization,forinstance. tionsforgoodworkingconditionsandgood Atpresent,over40%ofthoseemployedinthe traininginthefreighttransportindustry. freighttransportandlogisticssectorhaveno vocationalqualification.Ifthissectorofthe Responsibility
economyistohaveapromisingfuture,the TheFederalMinistryofTransport,Building skillsofitsworkforcehavetobeimproved.To andUrbanAffairswillbetheinitiator,togesolvetheseproblems,allthestakeholders,i.e. therwiththeFederalMinistryofEconomics industry,traininginstitutionsandpublicaut andTechnologyandtheFederalMinistry horities,havetocooperatemorecloselythan ofEducationandResearch.Traininginstheyhavedoneinthepast.TheNationalPact titutionsincooperationwiththebusiness forTrainingandYoungSkilledWorkersinGer community,theAssociationofGerman manyisoneexampleofsuccessfulcooperation ChambersofIndustryandCommerce, inthefieldoftraining.Similarschemeshaveto freighttransportassociations,theFederal becreatedforfurthertraining. EmploymentAgency,theFederalInstitu
teforVocationalEducationandTraining Descriptionofthemeasure andtheGermanLogisticsAssociation. Workshopsandinformationmeetingsare tobeheldforbetterlink-upandcooperation Budgetaryrelevance
betweentheplayersattheworkinglevel, Implementationofthemeasurewillhavea andanimagecampaignistobelaunchedto neutralimpactonthebudget. highlightcareeropportunitiesinthelogistics
�� Measures:Goodworkingconditionsandgoodtraininginthefreighttransportindustry
EUrelevance
ThismeasureisconsistentwithEUtransportpolicy(seealsotheEU’sFreight TransportLogisticsActionPlan).
Implementationperiod
Startingin2009,foraperiodofinitiallyfive years.
Measures:Goodworkingconditionsandgoodtraininginthefreighttransportindustry ��
F� Holdregularsummitsonthesubjectofworkandtraininginthefreight
transportandlogisticssector
Currentsituation
Theavailabilityofsufficientwelltrained personnelatalllevelsofactivityisabsolutely essentialifoperatorsaretohaveefficientpro cessandtransportchainsandenhancetheir corporateefficiency.Inaddition,workingcon ditionsareofcrucialimportancetotheeffici encyoftheworkforceandtheattractiveness ofthevariousoccupationalprofiles.Today, already,thereisincreasingdemandforskilled personnelinallfieldsoffreighttransportand logistics.
Descriptionofthemeasure
HoldingregularsummitswiththeparticipationoftheFederalGovernment,operators, associationsandunionswillhelpthestakeholderstoreachagreementonthesituation concerningrecruiting,furthertrainingand workingconditions.Thesummitsaretobe usedtokick-startandmonitortheactivities ofthefurthertraininginitiative(cf.parallel measure)andtorecordanddiscusstheprogressandresultsachieved.Subsequently, concreteagreementsaretobereachedonhow tofurtherimprovethesituationandtopush forwardtheinitiative’sintegrationintothe skillsinitiativeforGermany.Atthesametime, theworkingconditionsinthefreighttransportandlogisticssectoraretobeaddressedin ordertounlockpotentialforimprovement.
Impact
Byquicklyrelievingtheshortageofpersonnel andraisingtheskillslevel,wewilllaythefoundationsforgoodworkingconditionsandgood traininginthefreighttransportindustry. Quantificationoftheadditionalworkersto berecruitedthroughtheMasterplan,andof thosewithsuperiorskillslevels,istotakeplace asthetraininginitiativeprogresses.
Responsibility
ThesummitsaretobefacilitatedbytheFederalGovernment,withtheFederalMinistryof Transport,BuildingandUrbanAffairs,Federal MinistryofLabourandSocialAffairs,Federal MinistryofEducationandResearchandFederalMinistryofEconomicsandTechnologycooperatingclosely.Theeventsaretobestaged jointlywiththeindustry.
Budgetaryrelevance
ThismeasurewillbefundedfromtheFederal MinistryofTransport,BuildingandUrban Affairs’budget.
EUrelevance
IntheCommission’sFreightTransportLogisticsActionPlan,thesubjectofpersonnel andtrainingisdealtwithundertheheading “SustainableQualityandEfficiency”.Incon creteterms,theCommissionintendstowork togetherwithEuropeansocialpartnersand stakeholdersonthemutualrecognitionof trainingcertificatesandtolaunchadialogue tofindwaysofimprovingtheattractivenessof freighttransportlogisticsoccupations.
Implementationperiod
Implementationofthemeasureisduetostart in2008.
�0 Measures:Goodworkingconditionsandgoodtraininginthefreighttransportindustry Measures:Goodworkingconditionsandgoodtraininginthefreighttransportindustry �1
F4 Launchalighthouseprojecttoimprovetheinternationalprofileoflogistics F� Monitortheworkingconditionsinthefreighttransportandlogisticssectoraspart
coursesinhighereducation ofthemarketobservationactivitiesoftheFederalOfficeforGoodsTransport
Currentsituation searchinstitutionsandthenationallink-upof Currentsituation EUrelevance
TheGermansystemforthetrainingofma institutionsofhighereducation.Thecourseof Today,freighttransportandlogisticsare ItisnotbelievedthatthismeasurehasanyEU nagementexecutivesinthefieldoffreight studyistoestablishbenchmarksandsetexa amongthemajoreconomicfactorsforGerma relevance. transportandlogisticsisofahighstandard, mplesofgoodpractice.Internationallyrecog ny.Thepeopleinthissectorareoneofthekey butatpresentittendstoplayasubordinate nizedexamplesaretobetakenintoaccount. factorsdeterminingitscontinuingsuccessful Implementationperiod
roleinternationally.Themultiplicityofplayers development.Atpresent,thissectorhasa Thismeasureistobeimplementedstartingin andthecompetitionbetweeninstitutescreate Impact workforceofaround2.6million,whogene 2008. link-upandcoordinationproblems,whichre- Ifhighlyqualifiedmanagementexecutives ratemorethan€180billionayear.Operators sultinalackofrecognition.Itisthereforediffi trainedtoGermanstandardsoperateatthe arefindingitincreasinglydifficulttorecruit culttopresentapositiveimageofthetopjobs internationallevelaswell,thiswillenhance sufficientnumbersofskilledpersonnel.One inthefreighttransportandlogisticssector,to thecompetitivenessofGermanyasacentrefor ofthereasonsforthiscouldbethattheworachieveinternationalrecognitionoftheGer logisticsandmakeitmoreattractiveasaplace kingconditionsaregenerallyconsideredtobe mantrainingcoursesforlogisticsmanagers todobusiness.Inaddition,thecourseofstudy unattractive(weekendwork,shiftwork,heavy andtodisseminateandimplementthehigh willmakeitpossibletobetterlinkupthehigher physicalwork,lowpay,etc.). standardsoftheGermanfreighttransportand educationlandscapeinGermanyandmight logisticssectorinternationally. –evenwhileitisstillatthedrawing-board Descriptionofthemeasure
ThemarketingofGermanyasacentreforlo stage–createthenecessarytransparency,drive Aspartofthemarketobservationactivities gisticsinaglobalizedworld,inwhichlogistics forwardanexchangeofexperience,launchcol conductedbytheFederalOfficeforGoods functionswillbeofevergreaterimportance, laborativeschemesandhaveapositiveimpact Transport,thismeasureisdesignedtofacilidependsheavilyonthequalityandrecogniti onthewayinwhichthetrainingcoursesat tateanannualevaluationoftheworkingcononofGermanexpertiseinthelogisticssector. institutionsofhighereducationarefleshedout. ditionsinthefreighttransportandlogistics Thisrequiresanintensificationoftheefforts sector.Itistoprovidethesocialpartnerswith toimprovetheinternationalprofileofthe Responsibility arobustevidencebasefortheirdiscussionsof trainingofmanagementexecutivesbycon- Institutionsofhighereducation,theindustry, workingconditions.Itisnottoinvolveanyadductingalighthouseproject. thefederalstatesandtheFederalGovernment ditionalreportingrequirementsforoperators.
(FederalMinistryofTransport,Buildingand Descriptionofthemeasure UrbanAffairs)asfacilitatorareresponsiblefor Impact
Theaimistocreateaninternationallyrecog thismeasure. Betterandcontinuallyupdatedevidenceon nizedcourseofstudyforthebasicandfurther workingconditionsinthefreighttransport trainingofnationalandinternationalma- Budgetaryrelevance andlogisticssector. nagementexecutivesinthefreighttransport Implementationofthismeasurewillhavea andlogisticssector.Thiswillinvolvethecreati neutralimpactonthebudget. Responsibility
onofa“lighthousecourseofstudy”bypooling TheFederalOfficeforGoodsTransportisre theinitiativesofthemajorplayerswhoprovide EUrelevance sponsible. traininginthefieldoflogistics(linkingupthe ItisnotbelievedthatthismeasurehasanyEU principaltrainingstructuresthatoperatein relevance. Budgetaryrelevance
thefieldoflogistics),withtheparticipationof Fundingforthemeasurewillbeprovided theindustry.Theestablishmentofaninterna- Implementationperiod fromtheFederalOfficeforGoodsTransport’s tionallyrecognizedcourseofstudypresup- Theblueprintwillbedrawnupbytheendof budget. posesthecreationofanetworkcomprising 2008.Thecoursewillstartasofthewinter globallyoperatingenterprisesandleadingre semesterof2009.
�� Measures:Goodworkingconditionsandgoodtraininginthefreighttransportindustry
F� Improveseafarers‘workingandlivingconditions
Measures:FurthermeasurestomakeGermanyevenmoreattractiveasacentreforlogistics ��
G FurthermeasurestomakeGermanyevenmoreattractive asacentreforlogistics
Currentsituation
The2006MaritimeLabourConventionof theInternationalLabourOrganization(ILO) containsrulesgoverningseafarers’working andlivingconditions.TheConventioncannot comeintoforceuntilithasbeenratifiedbyat least30statespartiestotheILOwhichhaveat least33%oftheworldgrosstonnageofships. TheConventionwillthusestablishworldwide standards.TheEuropeanCommissionhas calledonEUMemberStatestoratifytheConventionby2012.Thereistheriskofnumerous shipsbeingtransferredtoforeignregisters ifGermanyhasnotratifiedtheConvention whenitcomesintoforce.
Descriptionofthemeasure
TheprocessofratifyingtheConventionisto beprogressed.Inaddition,transpositioninto nationallawwillbetakenasanopportunity tocreateanewmaritimelabourcodeandto modernizenationalmaritimelabourlegislati on.Overall,acontributionwillbemadetothe worldwideimprovementofseafarers’working andlivingconditionsandtoanimprovement ofsafetyininternationalmaritimeshipping.
Impact
TheConventionwillimproveseafarers’living andworkingconditions.Inaddition,itwill createalevelplayingfield,therebyoptimizing Germanshipowners’opportunitiesformakinglong-termprofits.
Responsibility
TheFederalMinistryofLabourandSocialAffairshasleadresponsibilityforimplementing themeasures,whichwillalsobecloselymonitoredbytheFederalMinistryofTransport, BuildingandUrbanAffairs.
Budgetaryrelevance
Implementationofthismeasurewillhavea neutralimpactonthebudget.
EUrelevance
Ratificationisrequiredforimplementationof thismeasure.
Implementationperiod
Ratificationandimplementationwillbe soughtby2009.
�� Measures:FurthermeasurestomakeGermanyevenmoreattractiveasacentreforlogistics Measures:FurthermeasurestomakeGermanyevenmoreattractiveasacentreforlogistics ��
G1 Establishafreighttransportandlogisticsnetwork G� ImplementamarketingstrategytopromoteGermanyasacentreforlogistics
Currentsituation
TheEUisplayinganincreasinglyimportant roleindevelopingtheframeworkforfreight transportandlogistics.IfGermaninterests aretobeeffectivelyarticulated,theplayers requiretimelyinformationonforthcoming projects.Closercoordinationbetweenthe FederalGovernment,theindustryandtrade associationscanmakeitpossibleforthestakeholderstoadoptapositionquicklyandthus exertinfluenceonEuropeandecisionsatan earlystage.
Descriptionofthemeasure
Establishmentofapermanentnetworkwith fixedfocalpointsintheFederalGovernment, federalstates,tradeassociations,unionsand, ifappropriate,theindustry,toensurethatGermaninterestsinformtheEU’sdecisionmaking processesearlierandmoreeffectively.
Impact
TheaimistoensurethatGermaninterestsare betterreflected.
Responsibility
TheFederalMinistryofTransport,Building andUrbanAffairs,theindustry,tradeassociationsandfederalstatesareresponsiblefor implementingthismeasure.
Budgetaryrelevance
ThismeasurewillbefundedfromtheFederal MinistryofTransport,BuildingandUrban Affairs’budget.
EUrelevance
Thismeasureistofacilitatemoreeffective cooperationwiththeEU.
Implementationperiod
Thismeasureistobeimplementedbytheend of2008.
Currentsituation
Germanyisahigh-technologylocation.As such,itisbecomingincreasinglydependent, withintheframeworkofaninternational divisionoflabour,onimportedinputs,whose processingandfinalassemblyinGermany createsjobsandsafeguardsthecompetitivenessofGermancompanies.Againstthis background,thereareopportunitiesformore economicgrowthandemployment.Ifwewish toseizetheseopportunities,itisabsolutely essentialthatwehaveanefficientandinternationallycompetitivefreighttransportand logisticssystem.Asafirst-classlogisticscentre inEurope,Germanyiswellequippedinthis sphere.However,thewayitisperceivedon internationalmarketsisinadequate.Forthis reason,Germanyasalogisticscentrewillbe marketedinaneffectiveandtargetedmanner, andtheseeffortswillbecoordinatedwiththe FederalGovernment’sactivitiestopromote foreigntradeandinvestment.
Descriptionofthemeasure
AmarketingstrategytopromoteGermanyasa centreforlogisticsistobeimplementedinordertobetterhighlightinternationallythepotentialandqualitiesofGermanyasalogistics centre.Thiswillcomplementthemarketing activitiesofthefederalstatestomakeregional logisticscentresmoreattractive.Thestrategy containsthefollowingapproaches: • Tradefairsandcongresses:Presentations
aretobegivenandcustomerstargeted, forinstancebymeansoftradefairstands andaccompanyingeventssuchasthe GermanLogisticsDay.
• Tripsbydelegations/entrepreneurs:Targe tedlogisticspresentationsaretobegiven andbusinessreceptionsandcorporate meetingsheld,amongotherthings.
• Networkingevents:Discussionofthe
marketingactivitiesandmeasuresinthe respectivetargetmarkets,trainingof “salespartners”withintheframeworkof appropriateactivities.Workshopsareto beheldandstrategicpartnershipswith statesandinstitutionsinitiated.
ImplementationofthestrategywillbecoordinatedwiththeFederalMinistryofEconomics andTechnology,theFederalForeignOffice anditsmissionsabroad,andtheindustry.The federalstateswillalsobeinvolved.
Impact
Implementationofthemarketingstrategyis designedtoresultinmoreordersfortheGermanfreighttransportandlogisticsindustry. Thisislikelytoleadtoadditionalwealthcreationandmorejobs.
Responsibility
TheFederalMinistryofTransport,Building andUrbanAffairsandtheindustry,inconsultationwiththeFederalMinistryofEconomics andTechnologyandtheFederalForeignOffice,willberesponsibleforimplementingthe marketingstrategy.
Budgetaryrelevance
€600,000isavailablefor2008intheFederal MinistryofTransport,BuildingandUrbanAffairs’budget.Theindustryhasindicatedthatit willprovidecomplementaryfunding.
EUrelevance
ThisisameasuretomakeGermanyevenmore attractiveasacentreforlogisticsininternationalcompetition.
Implementationperiod
Implementationofthemarketingstrategyis duetohavestartedbymid-2008.
�� Measures:FurthermeasurestomakeGermanyevenmoreattractiveasacentreforlogistics Glossaryofabbreviations ��
G� Securitystrategyforthefreighttransportandlogisticsindustry Glossary of abbreviations Currentsituation
Theattacksof11Septembershowedthatglobalizationandtheassociatedinternationalin terdependencymakefreighttransportandlogisticsmorevulnerable.Crimeandterrorism preventionarethereforeimportantfieldsin theevolutionoffreighttransportandlogistics. Inparticular,transportchainsecurityandthe protectionofcriticaltransportinfrastructure arebecomingincreasinglyimportantthroughouttheworld.However,transport,likeno othersphereoflife,isdependentonsmooth flowsanddelay-freeoperations.Wefacethe challengeofstrikingabalancebetweensecurityandmobility.Securitygains,redtapeand economicefficiencyhavetoberegularlyweig hedagainstoneanother.Inparticular,securitymeasuresarenottoresultincompetitive disadvantagesvis-à-visforeignserviceprovidersorinonemodeoftransportbeingplaced atadisadvantagecomparedwiththeothers.
Descriptionofthemeasure
Theaimistoevolvethesecuritystrategy, takingaccountofthefollowingaspects,which areofgreatimportancetothefreighttransportandlogisticsindustry: • Inordernottoplaceaburdenonoperators
intheformofunreasonablemeasures,informationontheexistingsecurityregimes willbegathered,reviewedandassessed.
• Thisstock-takingexercisewillbefollowedbyacomparativestudyofthevarious securitylevels.Thisisdesignedtoidentify the“weakestlinks”inthesupplychains, inordertoderivenecessaryandtargeted securitymeasures.Itisimportantthatan impactassessmentbecarriedout.Those tasksforwhichtheindustryitselfistobe responsibleshouldalsobedetermined.
• Thenetworkcomprisingthepublic authorities,industry,tradeassociations
andacademiawillbecontinued andexpanded.
• TheFederalGovernmentwillcontinueitscivilsecurityresearchprogramme,whichwaslaunchedin 2007.Oneoftheprioritiesistoberesearchintologisticschainsecurity.
• Ifrecognizedstandardsaretobe createdinthefieldofcivilsecurity, clearlydefinedinternationalcoor- dinationisrequired.
Impact
Thismeasureisdesignedtohelpenhancethe securityofthesupplychainsandthusalsoof thepeopleemployedinthefreighttransport industry. Responsibility
TheFederalMinistryofTransport,Building andUrbanAffairs,FederalMinistryofEducationandResearch,FederalMinistryofthe Interior,tradeassociationsandoperatorsare responsibleforimplementingthismeasure.
Budgetaryrelevance
ThismeasurewillbefundedfromtheFederal MinistryofTransport,BuildingandUrban Affairs’budget,exceptinthosecaseswhere thesecurityresearchprogrammeisaffected (fundedfromtheFederalMinistryofEducationandResearch’sbudget).
EUrelevance
ThismeasureisconsistentwithEUtransport policy.
Implementationperiod
Workonimplementingthismeasureistostart immediately.
ARAports CO² DBAG DGTREN EC EMAS ESP ETCS EU EU-27 HGV ICAO ILO ISO ITS km kWh PPP SPC t TEN tkm
PortsoftheNorthSeacoastalcitiesofAmsterdam, RotterdamandAntwerp
Carbondioxide
DeutscheBahnAktiengesellschaft(GermanRail ways) EuropeanCommissionDirectorate-Generalfor EnergyandTransport
EuropeanCommunity
Eco-ManagementandAuditScheme
Electronicstabilityprogrammeformotorvehicles
EuropeanTrainControlSystem
EuropeanUnion
TheEuropeanUnioninitscurrentcomposition, with27MemberStates
Heavygoodsvehicle
InternationalCivilAviationOrganization
InternationalLabourOrganization
InternationalOrganizationforStandardization
Intelligenttransportsystems
Kilometre
Kilowatt-hour
Publicprivatepartnership
ShortSeaShippingInlandWaterwayPromotion Center Tonne
Trans-Europeannetwork
Tonne-kilometre
�0
Publisher
DieBundesregierung (The Federal Government) representedby BundesministeriumfürVerkehr,BauundStadtentwicklung (Federal Ministry of Transport, Building and Urban Affairs) Invalidenstr.44 10115Berlin Germany
Editor
BundesministeriumfürVerkehr,BauundStadtentwicklung (Federal Ministry of Transport, Building and Urban Affairs) ReferatA32 Invalidenstr.44 10115Berlin Germany [email protected] www.bmvbs.de/en
Release
September2008
Layout
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