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Free Powerpoint Template Dialects and Language Variation Kheiriyeh & Evie Week 8 What's Hot? What's Not? EDUC 571 Professor Heather Robertson University of Southern

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Dialects and Language Variation Kheiriyeh & Evie. Week 8 What's Hot ? What's Not ? EDUC 571 Professor Heather Robertson University of Southern California , Fall 2012. Free Powerpoint Template. What is dialect? . a mutually intelligible variety of a language. Dialect Survey Stop. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Free Powerpoint Template

Dialects and Language Variation Kheiriyeh & Evie

Week 8What's Hot? What's Not?EDUC 571Professor Heather RobertsonUniversity of Southern California , Fall 2012

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What is dialect? a mutually intelligible variety of a language

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Dialect Survey StopHow do you pronounce “Lawyer”? a. with [  j] as in "boy" ("loyer")

  b. with [   ] as in "saw" ("law-yer")

  c. I use both interchangeably

d. Other 

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Results (11421 respondents)How do you pronounce “Lawyer”? 

a. with [   j] as in "boy" ("loyer") (72.84%)  b. with [   ] as in "saw" ("law-yer") (21.96%)

  c. I use both interchangeably  (4.86%)

d. Other (0.34%)

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Choice a: as in "boy" ("loyer")

Choice b: as in "saw" ("law-yer")

Choice c: I use both interchangeably

http://www4.uwm.edu/FLL/linguistics/dialect/staticmaps/q_14.html

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Examples of differences between the dialect found in the Upper Peninsula and the Standard American

Dialect:

Directional Phrases:Side by each --- Side by sidePre’neer --- Pretty near or very closeKotisva --- Go this way

Grammatical changes:Let’s go Shop-ko. --- Let’s go to the store.Make wood --- Split logs

http://walkinthewords.blogspot.tw/2008/05/more-on-yooper-dialect.html

Vocabulary:Pank --- To pack downSwampers --- Rubber bootsLats --- Skis, usually homemadeSauna --- Finnish steam roomCamp --- Cottage

U.P. Dialect --- Standard American Dialect

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Are These Dialects or Languages? Think about it:  Danes speaking Danish and Norwegians speaking Norwegian and Swedes speaking 

Swedish can converse with each other. 

In China, speakers of Mandarin and Cantonese are mutually unintelligible. 

So, are they considered separated languages or dialects?

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Is there a distinction between language and dialects?

Mutually intelligible is the rule of thumb, but we still need to take social and political factors into consideration. 

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Difference Between Accents and Dialects

http://walkinthewords.blogspot.tw/2009/05/how-to-understand-difference-between.html

accent -->  refers only to pronunciation

dialect--> different pronunciations, vocabularies, phrases and grammatical rules

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Dialect Survey StopWhich of these terms do you prefer for a sale of unwanted items on

your porch, in your yard, etc.?     a. tag sale      b. yard sale      c. garage sale      d. rummage sale      e. thrift sale      f. stoop sale      g. carport sale      h. sidewalk sale      i. jumble (sale)      j. car boot sale      k. car boot      l. patio sale      m. other 

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Results (10736 respondents)

Which of these terms do you prefer for a sale of unwanted items on your porch, in your yard, etc.?     a. tag sale (3.60%)     b. yard sale (36.41%)     c. garage sale (52.17%)     d. rummage sale (3.10%)     e. thrift sale (0.13%)     f. stoop sale (0.39%)     g. carport sale (0.05%)     h. sidewalk sale (0.20%)     i. jumble (sale) (0.10%)     j. car boot sale (0.05%)     k. car boot (0.00%)     l. patio sale (0.07%)     m. other (3.72%)

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Dialect Survey StopWhat nicknames do/did you use for your maternal

grandmother?     a. grandmother      b. granny      c. grandma      d. nana      e. mimi      f. grammy/grammie/grammi      g. other 

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Results (10464 respondents)

    a. grandmother (4.78%)     b. granny (3.77%)     c. grandma (50.67%)     d. nana (5.77%)     e. mimi (0.97%)     f. grammy/grammie/grammi (3.24%)     g. other (30.79%)

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Dialect as Identity

http://walkinthewords.blogspot.tw/2008/07/dialect-as-identity-exhibited-by-yooper.html

There are many ways an individual's dialect can be used as a form of identity. People who speak the Upper Peninsula or "Yooper" dialect are able to use their dialect as a form of identity by choosing not to switch to a more common dialect. This has been called a We-type solidarity

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What is Standard English? Standard English is

1. One dialect among the many dialects of English.2. Elevated for social and political reasons.3. The correct way to speak4. The language of the wider community’s media and governance5. Often the language of upper-middle- and upper-class speakers.6. The language of instruction in schools.7. The language that sounds more beautiful 

Note: “It woud be difficult to describe a standard for spoken English, and so discussions of Standard English almost always refer to the written language” (Schmitt & Marsden, 2006, p. 174).  

 

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What is Standard English? Standard English is

1. One dialect among the many dialects of English.2. Elevated for social and political reasons.3. The correct way to speak ???4. The language of the wider community’s media and governance5. Often the language of upper-middle- and upper-class speakers.6. The language of instruction in schools.7. The language that sounds more beautiful  ???

Note: “It woud be difficult to describe a standard for spoken English, and so discussions of Standard English almost always refer to the written language” (Schmitt & Marsden, 2006, p. 174).  

 

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What does the ad say?

http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-t-acRm6vnro/UGH-vj6LvRI/AAAAAAAAC3o/utR12qURthc/s1600/fifth+third.jpg

 

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Kachru's Three-Circle Model of World Englishes

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EnglishHinglishThaiglishKonglishChinglish

JaplishSinglishYinglish

.

.

..

English around the World

http://virtuallinguist.typepad.com/the_virtual_linguist/other-languages/

Examples of Thaiglish1. wash the film2. I very like it3. Are you boring?4. I play internet5. "This is suck!"6. same same7. I send you to airport

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English Vinglish (2012)English Vinglish is a 2012 Indian comedy-drama film which deals with how a so called "orthodox" Indian housewife earns the respect of her family by learning English. This movie received a standing ovation after it was screened at the 2012 Toronto Film Festival.

Let’s watch its theatrical trailer together:  

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8dWir9Q_Vek

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Pidgins and Creoles

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PidginsPidgins language is nobody's native language; may arise when two speakers of different languages with no common language try to have a makeshift conversation. Lexicon usually comes from one language, structure often from the other. Because of colonialism, slavery etc. the prestige of Pidgin languages is very low. Many pidgins are ‘contact vernaculars’, may only exist for one speech event.

*A Walk in the WoRds (2011)

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Robot Pidgins! “Australian scientists have invented a new breed of robots 

called Lingodroids, programmed to make, use, and share language.” (Discover magazine, September 2011)

According to the article, Lingodroids are programmed with an alphabet of beeps and are able to pair the beeps (or letters) to form syllables. These syllables can then be combined to form words.

It is through game play that words are created. In one of the games mentioned, two Lingodroids meet in an unfamiliar place. One of the Lingodroids creates a name for the place and shares that name with the other. The other Lingodroid then adds the place name to its lexicon.

http://walkinthewords.blogspot.com/2011/09/robot-pidgins.html

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CreoleCreole (orig. person of European descent born and raised in a tropical colony) is a language that was originally a pidgin but has become nativized, i.e. a community of speakers claims it as their first language. Next used to designate the language(s) of people of Caribbean and African descent in colonial and ex-colonial countries (Jamaica, Haiti, Mauritius, Réunion, Hawaii, Pitcairn, etc.)

http://walkinthewords.blogspot.com/2011/09/robot-pidgins.html

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Dialect Survey StopWhat do you call paper that has already been used for

something or is otherwise imperfect?a. scratch paper b. scrap paperc.  scratch paper is still usable (for example, the paper you bring to do extra work on a test); scrap paper is paper that isn't needed anymore and can be thrown away  

d. Other

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Results  (10692 respondents)What do you call paper that has already been used for

something or is otherwise imperfect?a. scratch paper (31.01%)b. scrap paper (30.71%)c. scratch paper is still usable (for example, the paper you bring to do extra work on a test); scrap paper is paper that isn't needed anymore and can be thrown away. (35.65%)

d. other (2.63%)

http://www4.uwm.edu/FLL/linguistics/dialect/maps.html 

   

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Discussion Questions Do you agree or disagree with the following statement:

“On the other hand, with English being spoken so prevalently as a global language, it must be understood that English is not owned by anyone and that everyone who uses it has the power to adapt it, change it, and contribute to its future use.”

(Anderson, 2012)

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Discussion Questions (Cont’d) Do you believe that mastery of Standard English

gives power to succeed?  

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References Anderson, L. (2012). EDUC 561 Forum Post Week 6. Rossier School of Education. University of Southern 

California. Curzan, A., & Adams, M. (2012). How English works: A linguistic introduction (3rd ed.). Boston, MA: 

Longman. Chapter 11: Language variation (pp. 346-376) “Dialect as Identity Exhibited by Yooper We-Type Solidarity.” (2008). A Walk in the WoRds. Retrieved from 

http://walkinthewords.blogspot.tw/2008/07/dialect-as-identity-exhibited-by-yooper.html “How to Understand the Difference Between Accents and Dialects.” (2009). A Walk in the WoRds. Retrieved 

from http://walkinthewords.blogspot.tw/2009/05/how-to-understand-difference-between.html “More on Yooper Dialect.” (2008). A Walk in the WoRds. Retrieved from 

http://walkinthewords.blogspot.tw/2008/05/more-on-yooper-dialect.html “Other languages.” (2012). The Virtual Linguist. Retrieved from 

http://virtuallinguist.typepad.com/the_virtual_linguist/other-languages/ “Robot Pidgins.” (2011). A Walk in the WoRds. Retrieved from 

http://walkinthewords.blogspot.com/2011/09/robot-pidgins.html Schmitt, N., & Marsden, R. (2006). Why is English like that? Historical answers to hard ELT questions. Ann 

Arbor, MI: University of Michigan. Chapter 7: English around the world: How is English different in various countries around the world? (pp. 171-206)

Vaux, B. (2005). Dialect Survey. Harvard Computer Society. Retrieved from http://www4.uwm.edu/FLL/linguistics/dialect/maps.html 

“Vowel Be Darned.” (2012). A Walk in the WoRds. Retrieved from http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-t-acRm6vnro/UGH-vj6LvRI/AAAAAAAAC3o/utR12qURthc/s1600/fifth+third.jpg