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Fred the FishAdapted from Water, Stones, and Fossil Bones Written by Patricia Chilton-Stringham and Janet Wolanin
Time: 30 - 45 minutes
Grade level: 3rd and up
Preparing for the lesson:Materials:• Fred the Fish script • Largeclearplasticpitcherorcontainer• Water • Aplaindishsponge(noabrasiveside)• Apencilorstick• Apieceoffishingline• Fishingweightorwasher• Signthatreads:“OhNo!Onlyrainshouldgodownthestormdrain.”
• Ameshstrainerforcleanup
Pollution Material Options: • Acupofsoapywater(Carwashsoap)• Paperclippings(trash)• Raisinets(dogwaste)• Maplesyrup(motoroil)• Leavesandgrass(yardclippings)• Soil(erosion)• Nontoxicpaint(exteriorhousepaint)• Brownsugar(fertilizer)• Salt(roadsalt)• Foodcoloring(leakingtoxicwaste)
Contact your local water district to learn:• ...where local storm drains release storm water runoff• ...if your storm water runoff is treated, and if so how?• ...how your recycled water is reused
Learning Objectives: Studentswillbeableto...• Explainthedifferencebetweenstormdrainsandsewersystems• Recognizehowpollutioncanaffectlocalecosystems• Identifywaystohelppreventwaterpollution
1. PrintFredtheFishscriptandcutintostripsorcreateaPowerPointbyplacingonesetoflinesoneachslide.
2. Fillyourlargeclearplasticpitcherorcontainerabout70%fullofwater.
3. Usingsharpscissors,cutadishspongeintoafishshape.Useayarnneedletothreadfishinglinethroughthecenterofthebody.Tieawasherorfishingweighttothebottom.Tietheotherendofthefishinglinetoastickorpencil.
4. TosuspendFredinthewater,hangthepencilacrossthemouthofthejarandadjustthelengthofthefishinglineasneeded.(seediagramabove)
5. Onan11”x17”pieceofpaper,useathickmarkertowrite“OhNo!Onlyrainshouldgodownthestormdrain.”
6. Preparealltheneededpollutants
Intro: Storm drain/sewer discussion Ifpossible,takestudentstoastormdrainoncampus,otherwiseshowstudentsapictureofastormdrain.Ask
studentsifthey’veeverseenastormdrainaroundtheirhomebefore.Askstudentswheredoesthewatergo
onceitgoesdownthestormdrain?(depending upon where you live it may go to local creeks, rivers, or the
ocean)Askstudentstoguesshowmanypeoplecleanthewaterthatgoesdownstormdrains.Tellthemnoone
cleans it (this varies depending on where you live).
Thereisalsoadraininsideyouclassroom.Wheredoesthewaterfromyourclassroomsinkgo?Howabout
dirtywaterinyourhome?Itgoestoawastewatertreatmentplantwherethewatercanbecleanedandthen
reusedforthingssuchasgolfcourses,parks,wetlands,etc.(Contact your local water district to determine how
recycled or reclaimed water in your area is used.)
Activity: Haveallofthematerialssetuponatable.Chooseastudenttostandnexttothetableandhold
the“OhNo!”sign.Callonestudentatatimetocometothefrontoftheroomandreadonescripttothe
class.GivethemasmallhandfulofthepollutanttoaddtoFred’swater.Afterthepollutantisadded,have
theotherstudentholdupthesignandtheentireclasswillsay,“Ohno!Onlyrainshouldgodownthestorm
drain.”ThroughouttheactivityaskstudentstocommunicatehowFredisfeelingby:writingdownadescriptive
adjective,orparticipatinginapartnershare,ormakingfacialexpressions.
Wrap Up:Askreflectionsquestionstogetyourstudentsthinkingaboutwhattheyjustsaw.Didthecharactersinthisstoryhavebadintentions?DidtheywanttohurtFred?Dideachcharacteraddalotofpollution?
Justlikeyou,thecharactersinthisstorythoughtsomeonecleanedthestormdrains.Doyouthinkthereare
otherpeoplewhothinkthatsomeonecleansstormdrains?Couldthesecharactershavedonesomething
differentlytoavoidtheseconsequences?Whatcouldtheyhavedonedifferently?Havestudentssharetheir
ideasoutloudorfillouttheattachedworksheet.
Fred the Fish Background Information on Storm Drain Pollution
What are storm drains and why do we have them?
When it rains onto a forest or a field, much of that water is absorbed by the ground. Some is taken up by plants, some evaporates, and some will flow over the ground and run downstream. In a more developed setting, such as our cities and towns, rain falls onto pavement or other non-permeable surfaces, such as roofs, sidewalks, parking lots, and driveways. These surfaces do not allow the water to be absorbed into the ground. To prevent flooding, storm drains were developed to drain excess rain water, hence the name storm drain.
Who cleans storm water?
The water that you see flowing over impermeable surfaces like driveways, sidewalks, and streets is called stormwater runoff. Storm water runoff is directed into the nearest stream or river, making its way to the ocean. Unfortunately, the storm water runoff picks up many pollutants from both residential and commercial sources. In most cases, storm water runoff is not treated or filtered in any way. In Sonoma County, no one cleans stormwater. Anything that enters our storm drain system remains untreated and is discharged directly into our local water ways.
What is a sewer system?
A sewer system is designed to transport wastewater to a treatment facility to be cleaned. Water that has been used for things such as taking a shower, flushing the toilet, washing dishes, or doing laundry is considered wastewater. Wastewater must be treated before it can be discharged into our local waterways or reused for irrigation.
Who is affected?
Polluted water entering our waterways damages the ecosystem. When our waterways become polluted, plants, aquatic insects, birds, and other animals suffer. Ultimately, humans also suffer. Quality of water directly affects quality of life!
What are some common storm drain pollutants?
• oil, grease, and automotive fluids • soap from car washing • debris and litter • fertilizer and pesticides from gardens and homes • pet waste • improperly maintained septic systems • paint and cleaning chemicals • soil from poor construction site management • yard clippings from people who sweep them onto the street
How to prevent storm drain pollutants from entering our waterways?
1. Street litter such as styrofoam, plastic, and paper can be prevented from blowing into storm drain inlets by keeping trash bins covered and by not littering. Take care to make sure waste is recycled whenever possible.
2. Pet waste left on the ground gets carried away by storm water, contributing harmful bacteria, parasites and viruses to our water ways. It is also very acidic, changing the natural pH of water. Always carry bags with you to cleanup pet waste.
3. Vehicle fluids such as motor oil, gas, and antifreeze are very dangerous for our waterways. Maintain your vehicle to help ensure it isn’t leaking fluids. If you do notice a leak, soak it up with absorbent materials such as cat litter or sawdust and dispose of it in the garbage can. If you change your motor oil at home, recycle the used oil by pouring it into a clean sealed plastic container and taking it to a certified used oil collection center.
4. Always wash used paint brushes in a container. Reuse paint solvent or take it to a hazardous-waste disposal site. Paint and solvent should not be disposed of in the sewer system and dumping it into a storm drain is illegal. Also, try using water based paints rather than oil based paints since they are less toxic and easier to dispose of.
5. Yard clippings that end up in waterways take oxygen out of the water that aquatic animals need to survive. They also create foul odors. Yard waste such as grass clippings, tree trimmings, and leaves can be composted and used for fertilizer around the yard. If you don’t need them for compost, make sure to use a broom and dust pan to sweep them up and place them in your green bin.
6. Take your car to a self wash or a full service commercial car wash. Laws require commercial car washes to treat and recycle the dirty water. If this is not a feasible option, pull your car on to a permeable surface like your lawn or gravel and use a bucket for your soapy water. Dump the bucket into a household drain when finished. Always use an environmentally safe cleanser.
7. Use a broom and dust pan to sweep your driveway. Hosing off driveways and other pavements washes pollutants into storm drains and wastes water.
Fred
the
Fish
Nam
e: _
____
____
____
____
____
____
_
Fred
swim
s pas
t a p
ark.
Som
e pe
ople
ha
ving
a p
icni
c di
dn’t
thro
w th
eir
tras
h in
to th
e ga
rbag
e ca
n. T
he w
ind
blow
s the
litte
r int
o th
e st
orm
dra
in.
Julia
is w
ashi
ng h
er c
ar. T
he so
apy
wat
er fl
ows d
own
the
driv
eway
into
th
e st
reet
and
into
the
stor
m d
rain
.
Scott
doe
sn’t
use
tras
h ba
gs. H
e ta
kes h
is ga
rbag
e ca
n ou
tsid
e an
d th
row
s all
his l
oose
tras
h in
to th
e ga
rbag
e bi
n. W
hen
the
garb
age
truc
k pi
cks u
p Sc
ott’s
tras
h, it
blo
ws o
ut o
f th
e tr
uck
and
into
the
stor
m d
rain
.
Davi
d an
d Jo
sé a
re ri
ding
skat
eboa
rds
arou
nd th
e ne
ighb
orho
od. T
hey
sit
dow
n on
the
curb
to e
at c
andy
and
sti
ck th
eir c
andy
wra
pper
s dow
n th
e st
orm
dra
in.
1.1.
2.2.
3.3.
4.4.
Writ
e w
hat c
ould
be
done
diff
eren
tly in
eac
h of
the
follo
win
g sit
uatio
ns to
pre
vent
pol
lutio
n fr
om e
nter
ing
the
stor
m d
rain
.
Gar
bage
Mar
y ha
s jus
t fini
shed
pai
nting
her
ho
use.
She
hol
ds th
e br
ushe
s ove
r the
st
orm
dra
in a
nd sp
rays
them
with
the
hose
to c
lean
them
off.
Matt
is p
lanti
ng n
ew p
lant
s in
his y
ard.
He
use
s a b
ig p
ile o
f soi
l for
his
proj
ect.
Whe
n it
star
ts to
rain
, he
goes
insid
e hi
s hou
se. H
e do
esn’
t cov
er th
e pi
le o
f di
rt w
ith a
tarp
. The
rain
was
hes t
he
soil
dow
n to
war
ds th
e st
reet
and
into
th
e st
orm
dra
in.
Mr.
Mill
er is
mow
ing
his l
awn
and
trim
min
g th
e bu
shes
. He
swee
ps th
e ex
tra
gras
s and
leav
es in
to th
e st
reet
. W
hen
the
rain
falls
, the
yar
d cl
ippi
ngs
are
was
hed
into
the
stor
m d
rain
.
Fred
swim
s pas
t a p
arki
ng lo
t. He
no
tices
it is
star
ting
to ra
in. S
ome
cars
pa
rked
ther
e ar
e le
akin
g oi
l. Th
e ra
in
was
hes t
he o
il in
to th
e st
orm
dra
in.
Mar
ia is
wal
king
the
fam
ily d
og S
pot.
Spot
nee
ds to
go
to th
e ba
thro
om.
Mar
ia is
car
eful
to m
ake
him
go
alon
g th
e cu
rb in
the
stre
et so
that
Spo
t isn
’t m
essin
g up
the
neig
hbor
’s la
wns
. She
do
esn’
t wor
ry b
ecau
se sh
e kn
ows t
he
mes
s will
go
dow
n th
e st
orm
dra
in.
5.5.
6.6.
7.7.
8.8.
9.9.
Intro:Imagineacleanriverasitflowsthroughahealthywatershed.InthisriverlivesFredtheFish.Fredhaslivedherehiswholelife,buttodayheisstartingalongjourneydownstreamtotheocean.
1.Fredswimspastapark.Somepeoplehavingapicnicdidn’tthrowtheirtrashintothegar-bagecan.Thewindblowsthelitterintothestormdrain.
2.Juliaiswashinghercar.Thesoapywaterflowsdownthedrivewayintothestreetandintothestormdrain.
3.Scottdoesn’tusetrashbags.Hetakeshisgarbagecanoutsideandthrowsallhisloosetrashintothegarbagebin.WhenthegarbagetruckpicksupScott’strash,itblowsoutofthetruckandintothestormdrain.
4.DavidandJoséareridingskateboardsaroundtheneighborhood.Theysitdownonthecurbtoeatcandyandsticktheircandywrappersdownthestormdrain.
5.MariaiswalkingthefamilydogSpot.Spotneedstogotothebathroom.MariaiscarefultomakehimgoalongthecurbinthestreetsothatSpotisn’tmessinguptheneighbor’slawns.Shedoesn’tworrybecausesheknowsthemesswillgodownthestormdrain.
6.Fredswimspastaparkinglot.Henoticesitisstartingtorain.Somecarsparkedthereareleakingoil.Therainwashestheoilintothestormdrain.
7.Mr.Millerismowinghislawnandtrimmingthebushes.Hesweepstheextragrassandleavesintothestreet.Whentherainfalls,theyardclippingsarewashedintothestormdrain.
8.Mattisplantingnewplantsinhisyard.Heusesabigpileofsoilforhisproject.Whenitstartstorain,hegoesinsidehishouse.Hedoesn’tcoverthepileofdirtwithatarp.Therainwashesthesoildowntowardsthestreetandintothestormdrain.
9.Maryhasjustfinishedpaintingherhouse.Sheholdsthebrushesoverthestormdrainandspraysthemwiththehosetocleanthemoff.
Fred the Fish ScriptGradeLevel:2nd,3rd and 4th
Fred the Fish ScriptWritten by Patricia Chilton-Stringham and Janet Wolanin
Water, Stones, and Fossil Bones GradeLevel:5th and up
Intro:Imagineacleanriverasitmeandersthroughaprotectedwildernessarea.InthisriverlivesFredtheFish.HOWISFRED?Fredhaslivedinthisstretchoftheriverallhislife.Butnowheisgoingonanadventureandhewilltraveldownstream.
1.Fredswimsintofarmcountry.Hepassesafreshlyplowedriverbank.Itbeginstorainandsomesoilerodesintotheriver.(DumpsoilintoFred'sjar.)HOWISFRED?
2.Frednearsasuburbanhousingdevelopment.Somefertilizerfromthefarmsandthelawnswashedintotheriverawhileback.(PlacebrownsugarinFred’sjar.)Thefertilizermadetheplantsintherivergrowveryfastandthick.Eventuallytherivercouldn'tfurnishthemwithallthenutrientstheyneeded,andsotheydiedandarestartingtodecay.TheirdecompositionisusingupsomeofFred'soxygen.HOWISFRED?
3.Fredswimsunderahighwaybridge.Somecarstravelingacrossitareleakingoil.Therainiswashingtheoilintotheriverbelow.(PourpancakesyrupintoFred'sjar.)HOWISFRED?
4.Duringarecentcoldspell,iceformedonthebridge.Countytrucksspreadsaltontheroadtopreventaccidents.Therainisnowwashingsaltyslushintotheriver.(PutsaltinFred'sjar.)HOWISFRED?
5.Fredswimspastthecitypark.Somepicnickersdidn'tthrowtheirtrashintothegarbagecan.Thewindisblowingitintotheriver.(Sprinkle paper dots into Fred's jar.)HOWISFRED?
6.Severalfactoriesarelocateddownriverfromthecity.Althoughregulationslimittheamountofpollutionthefactoriesareallowedtodumpintotheriver,thefactoryownersdon'talwaysabidebythem.(Pourwarm,soapywaterintoFred'sjar.)HOWISFRED?
7.Thecity'swastewatertreatmentplantisalsolocatedalongthisstretchoftheriver.Thepollutionregulationsaren'tasstrictastheyshouldbe.Alsoasectionoftheplanthasbrokendown.(SquirttwodropsofredfoodcoloringintoFred’sjar.)HOWISFRED?
8.Finally,Fredswimspastahazardouswastedumplocatedonthebanknexttotheriver.Rustybarrelsoftoxicchemicalsareleaking.Therainiswashingthesepoisonsintotheriver.(Foreachleakingbarrel,squeezeonedropofgreenfoodcoloring.
1.HerewehaveFred.FredisajuvenilesteelheadtroutheadingdownstreamintheRussianRivertowardsthePacificOcean.HehaslivedintheUkiahsectionoftheRussianRiverhiswholelife.
2.FredswimspastapublichighschoolinCloverdale.Duringlunch,studentsdon’tthrowtheirtrashaway.ThewindpicksupfrequentlyandblowstheloosetrashintoastormdrainanddownintotheRussianRiver.
3.FredswimspastanearbyneighborhoodinHealdsburg.ItisaweeklytraditionforalltheresidentsofWillowCourttowashtheircarsonthesameday.Thesoapywaterflowsdowntheirdrivewaysandintoastormdrain,andthenintotheRussianRiver.
4.FredswimspastapopularshoppingcenteralongtheriverinSantaRosa.AnoldChryslerisleakingoilnearaparkinglotstormdrain.TheoilflowsdownthestormdrainandintotheRussianRiver.
5.FredswimspastapopulardogparkalongtheRussianRiverinForestville.Dogownerslettheirpetsleavetheirwastealongthecurbsintheparkinglotthroughouttheyear.Nooneworries,becausethewastewilldisappeardownthestormdrain.
6.FredswimspastaprivatehomeinGuernevillethatbacksuptotheRussianRiver.Thehomeownerisanavidgardener,leavingpilesofloosesoilonthebackoftheirpropertyforuseinmultipleprojects.DuringthewintermonthsrainwashestheloosesoilofftheprivatepropertyandintotheRussianRiver.
7.InDuncansMills,Fredswimspastacoffeeshopwithalavishpatiogarden.Thegardenusesalotoffertilizerstokeepthecolorfulflowersinbloomyearround.Afterwatering,theexcesswaterrunsoffthepatioandintotheRussianRiverbelow.
8.AhomeownerinJennerhasjustfinishedpaintingtheirhomealongtheRussianRiverestuary.Thehomeownerdiscoversthatthemosteffectivewaytowashthepaintbrushesistoblastthemusingthehoseinthefrontyard.Thewaterfromcleaningthebrusheswashesdownthedrivewayandintoanearbystormdrain,directlyintotheRussianRiverestuary.
Fred the Fish ScriptRussianRiverWatershed~GradeLevel:7th and up