Fred End All Ems 2004

8/8/2019 Fred End All Ems 2004

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/fred-end-all-ems-2004 1/40



Sustainable Universities Initiative (SUI) -- Compliance Workshop

What is a System?

Set of interacting elements that form a whole ³regularly interacting or interdependent groups

of items forming a unified whole towards the

achievement of a goal´ (APICS Dictionary, Cox and Blackstone eds., 1998)




Environmental Management Systems

(EMS)

What is an EMS?

± Part of overall management str ucture

Purpose of EMS

± Address immediate & long-term environmental impacts

Why have an EMS?

± Provide order and consistency in methods




EPA View of EMS Purpose(United States Environmental Protection Agency, www.epa.gov/ems/info/index.htm 6/25/2002.)

System wide approach to environmental

management

± Incorporates environmental considerations into daily

organization decisions

± Provides a framework to continually improve

environmental performance



Why EMS?Path Toward Excellence(Cascio, Figure 3.1, The ISO 14000 Handbook, Milwaukee,WI: ASQ Quality Press, 1996)

Time

End-of-Pipe Approach

Limited to Compliance

Systems Approach




Defacto EMS

Environmental control processes exist, but ± No integrated understanding of the processes

± No understanding of total costs

± Incomplete picture of potential liability

± Accountability and responsibility unclear ± Decisions are not integrated




Why an EMS at a College /

University?

Engage the entire campus

Environment is overlapping concern for

± Teaching

± Research

± Service

Integration of processes with the EMS



Why an EMS at a College /University?

SERVICE

TEACHINGEMS

Implementation

RESEARCH




Structured EMS(United States Environmental Protection Agency, www.epa.gov/ems/info/index.htmon June 25, 2002.)

Integrate EMS into Day-to-Day Decisions:

1. Practical, usable, and useful2. Cost effective3. Supportive of other systems;4. Encourage continuous improvement5. Include 5 major components:

a. Policy settingb. Planningc. Implementation and operation

d. Checking and corrective actione. Management review




ISO 14001

Str uctured, internationally recognized standard

ISO 14001 ± ³enables an organization to establish, and assess the

effectiveness of, procedures to set an environmental

policy and objectives, achieve conformance with them,

and demonstrate such conformance to others. The

overall aim « is to support environmental protection

and prevention of pollution in balance with

socioeconomic needs.´ ANSI/ISO 14001-1996, vi




ISO 14001(Cascio, The ISO 14000 Handbook, Milwaukee,WI: ASQ Quality Press, 1996)

Initiative to go beyond compliance ± Not command and control model ± Positive motivation

± Reach is much f urther than regulatory requirements

Seeks culture shift ± Challenge

Diff usion of environmental responsibility from environmental to allemployees

Continual improvement of the EMS



ISO 14001 EMS Model ANSI/ISO 14001-1996, vi i

Environmental policy

Planning

Implementation

and operation

Continual Improvement

Management review

Checking and

corrective action



EMS Implementation Phases(Stapleton, Philip J., Margaret A. Glover, and S. Petie Davis, 2nd edition, Environmental Management Systems: An ImplementationGuide for Small and Medium-Sized Organizations, NSF 2001, www.nsf-isr.org, 6/25/02, p. 12.)

PHASE DESCRIPTIONDefine Goals Clearly state why an EMS is being developed.

To comply with regulations? To improve

environmental performance? To prevent

pollution? To reduce potential liability?

Top

Management

Support

.

To gain top management support,

management must understand the benefits of

an EMS and agree with the goals. Support is

necessary to obtain resources.

Structure EMS project must have a leader, withauthority and skills.

Implementation

Team

Representatives from key areas to ensure

ownership.



EMS Implementation Phases(Stapleton, Philip J., Margaret A. Glover, and S. Petie Davis, 2nd edition, Environmental Management Systems: An ImplementationGuide for Small and Medium-Sized Organizations, NSF 2001, www.nsf-isr.org, 6/25/02, p. 12.)

PHASE DESCRIPTIONPreliminary

Review

What is current compliance effort? What

portions of EMS are in place? What are key

environmental aspects and how effectively are

they being addressed.

Budget and

Schedule

.

.

Use preliminary review to develop budget and

schedule. Identify key activities to be

performed and resources needed for these.

Include milestones and periodic reviews.

ResourceApproval

Ensure top management authorizes allocationof all key resources

Progress Involve everyone in sharing progress through

communication.




Barriers to Implementing Formal

EMS

Denial of need

We are different / unique

Too difficult to do

Not enough time

Policy Resistance




Policy Resistance(Sterman: Business Dynamics Systems Thinking and Modeling for a Complex World , McGraw-Hill, 2001)

Policy resistance is³the tendency for interventions to be delayed, diluted, or

defeated by the response of the system to the

intervention itself (Meadows, 1982)´ (p. 5)

Unintended consequences³You cannot meddle with one part of a complex system

from the outside without the almost certain risk of settingoff disastrous events that you hadn¶t counted on in other

remote parts. If you want to fix something you are first

obliged to understand « the whole system « Intervening

is a way of causing trouble.´ (Thomas, 1974, p. 90) (p. 8)




Improvement Paradox(Repenning and Sterman, Nobody Ever Gets Credit for Fixing Problems that Never Happened, California Management Review , 43(4), Summer 2001, 64-88)

Easy to learn new techniques

± Quality techniques Difficult to implement innovations into

organization ± Complex systems cannot be bought, they must

be developed ± Interaction of program with physical, economic,

social and psychological str uctures




Improvement Lag(Repenning and Sterman, California Management Review , 43 (4), Summer 2001, 64-88)

Improvement requires time

Lag is a f unction of technical andorganizational complexity

Simple processes have 2 to 3 month delay

Complex processes have multi-year delays

Capability improvements decay




The Structure of Improvement(Repenning and Sterman, California Management Review , 43 (4), Summer 2001, 64-88)

Performance depends on 2 factors:

± Time spent working ± Capability of process to perform work

Performance improvement happens when

± Additional work is done, or

± Process is improved



No one Ever Gets Credit for Preventing Problems(Repenning and Sterman, California Management Review , 43 (4), Summer 2001, 64-88)

Time Spent on

Improvement

Delay

Investment in Capability Capability Capability Erosion

Actual

PerformanceTime SpentWorking

Performance Gap

Desired

Performance

+

+

+

-

+Pressure to

Do Work

+

+

B1

Pressure to Improve

Capability

+

+

B2Work Smarter

Work Harder

-

R1

Reinvestment

B3

Shortcuts

-




Leaders¶ Role

Provide Resources

Show how change

± matches who we are and

± what we do



SACS & ISO 14001 Process

Basic Str ucture

Implementation

Internal Review

External Review

SACS ISO 14001Steering Committee

Must Do

Assigned by MGT

Should

Documentation Documentation

Self Study Internal Audit

SACS Auditor



ISO 14001 OverviewANSI/ISO 14001 - 1996

4 EMS requirements

4.1 General4.2 Environmental policy

4.3Planning

4.3.1 Environmental Aspects

4.3.2 Legal Requirements4.3.3 Objectives and Targets

4.3.4 Establishing Programs

4.4 Implementation and Operation

4.4.1 Responsibilities4.4.2 Training

4.4.3 Communication

4.4.4 Environmental Management

System Documentation

4.4.5 Document Control4.4.6 Operational Control

4.4.7 Emergency Preparedness and

Response

4.6 Management Review

4.5 Checking and Corrective Action4.5.1 Monitoring and control

4.5.2 Non-Conformance and corrective

and preventive action

4.5.3 Records

4.5.4 EMS Audits



Environmental Management System Requirements(ANSI/ISO 14001 - 1996)

4.2 Environmental policyTop management shall define the organization¶s environmental policy and

ensure that it

a) is appropriate to the nature, scale and environmental impacts of its

activities, products or services;

b) includes a commitment to continual improvement and prevention of pollution;

c) includes a commitment to comply with relevant environmental

legislation and regulations, and with other requirements to which the

organization subscribes;

d) provides the framework for setting and reviewing environmental

objectives and targets;e) is documented, implemented and maintained and communicated to all

employees;

f) is available to the public



Implementation

and operation




Management review

Checking and

corrective action

Planning



EMS Requirements (continued)(ANSI/ISO 14001 - 1996)

4.3 Planning4.3.1 Environmental aspectsThe organization shall establish and maintain (a) procedure(s) to identify the

environmental aspects of its activities, products or services that it can control

and over which it can be expected to have an influence, in order to determine

those which have or can have significant impacts on the environment. Theorganization shall ensure that the aspects related to these significant impacts

are considered in setting its environmental objectives.

The organization shall keep this information up-to-date.

4.3.2 Legal and other requirementsThe organization shall establish and maintain a procedure to identify and

have access to legal, and other requirements to which the organization

subscribes, that are applicable to the environmental aspects of its activities,

products or services.




4.3.3 Objectives and TargetsThe organization shall establish and maintain documented

environmental objectives and targets, at each relevant function and

level within the organization.

When establishing and reviewing its objectives, an organization shall

consider the legal and other requirements, its significant

environmental aspects, its technological options and its financial,

operational and business requirements, and the views of interested parties.

The objectives and targets shall be consistent with the environmental

policy, including the commitment to prevention of pollution.




4.3.4 Environmental management programme(s)

The organization shall establish and maintain (a) programme(s) for

achieving its objectives and targets. It shall include:a) Designation of responsibility for achieving objectives and targets

at each relevant function and level of the organization;

b) The means and timeframe by which they are to be achieved

If a project relates to new developments and new or modifiedactivities, products or services, programme(s) shall be amended

where relevant to ensure that environmental management applies to

such projects.



Planning




Management review

Checking and

corrective actionImplementation

and operation




4. 4 Implementation and operation

4.4.1 Structure and ResponsibilityRoles, responsibility and authorities shall be defined, documented and

communicated in order to facilitate effective environmental management.

Management shall provide resources essential to the implementation and control of

the environmental management system. Resources include human resources

and specialized skills, technology and financial resources.

The organization¶s top management shall appoint (a) specific management

representative(s) who, irrespective of other responsibilities, shall have defined

roles, responsibilities and authority for

a) Ensuring that environmental management system requirements are established,implemented and maintained in accordance with this standard;

b) Reporting on the performance of the environmental management system to top

management for review and as a basis for improvement of the environmental

management system.




4.4.2 Training, awareness and competence

The organization shall identify training needs. It shall require that all personnelwhose work may create a significant impact upon the environment, have

received appropriate training.

It shall establish and maintain procedures to make its employees or members at

each relevant function and level aware of

a) The importance of conformance with the environmental policy and procedures

and with the requirements of the environmental management system;

b) The significant environmental impacts, actual or potential, of their work

activities and the environmental benefits of improved personal performance;

c) Their roles and responsibilities in achieving conformance with the

environmental policy and procedures and with the requirements of the

environmental management system including emergency preparedness andresponse requirements;

d) The potential consequences of departure from specified operating procedures.

Personnel performing the tasks which can cause significant environmental impacts

shall be competent on the basis for appropriate education, training and/or

experience.




4.4.3 Communication

With regard to its environmental aspects and environmental

management system, the organization shall establish and maintain

procedures for

a) internal communication between the various levels and functions

of the organization;

b) receiving, documenting and responding to relevant communication

from external interested parties.

The organization shall consider processes for external

communication on its significant environmental aspects and record

its decision.



4.0 EMS Requirements (continued)(ANSI/ISO 14001 - 1996)

4.4.4 Environmental management systemdocumentation

The organization shall establish and maintain information, in paper or

electronic form, to

a) Describe the core elements of the management system and their interaction;

b) Provide direction to related documentation.




4.4.5 Document ControlThe organization shall establish and maintain procedures for controlling all

documents required

«««.

«««.

4.4.6 Operational ControlThe organization shall identify those operations and activities that are associated

with the identified significant environmental aspects in line with its policy,

objectives and targets. The organization shall plan these activities, including

maintenance, in order to ensure that they are carried out under specified conditions

by«««.

«««.

4.4.7 Emergency preparedness and response



Planning




Management review

Checking and


and operation




4.5 Checking and corrective action

4.5.1 Monitoring and measurement4.5.2 Non-conformance and corrective and preventive action

4.5.3 Records

4.5.4 Environmental management system auditThe organization shall establish and maintain (a) programme(s) and procedures for

periodic environmental management system audits to be carried out, in order toa)Determine whether or not the environmental management system

1) conforms to planned arrangements for environmental management

including the requirements of this standard;

2) has been properly implemented and maintained;

b)Provide information on the results of audits to management.

The audit programme, including any schedule, shall be based on the environmental

importance of the activity concerned and the results of previous audits. In order to

be comprehensive, the audit procedures shall cover the audit scope, frequency and

methodologies, as well as the responsibilities and requirements for conducting

audits and reporting results.



Planning




Management review

Checking and


and operation




4.6 Management reviewThe organization¶s top management shall, at intervals it determines, review the

environmental management system, to ensure its continuing suitability,

adequacy and effectiveness. The management review process shall ensure that

the necessary information is collected to allow management to carry out thisevaluation. This review shall be documented.

The management review shall address the possible need for changes to policy,

objectives and other elements of the environmental management system, in the

light of environmental management system audit results, changing

circumstances and the commitment to continual improvement.




Web Resources

http://www.epa.gov

http://www.epa.gov/ems/info/addition.htm



Documents

Fred End All Ems 2004