FRamework of Innovation for Engineering of New Durable ...€¦ · 2006 ABG, PS10, Seville 11 T, direct steam generation (DSG) 2007 Acciona, Nevada, US 64 PT 2009 ABG, PS20, Seville

FRIENDS2

FRamework of Innovation for Engineering ofNew Durable Solar Surfaces

Mid term meeting

Seville, April 8th 2016

Optical coatings for thermosolar applications (WP1)

M. Krause (HZDR)

FRIENDS2

WP1: New generation

of optical coatings for thermosolar applications

2

2

1

3: WP2

Matthias Krause (PhD), Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Germany, WP leader

FRIENDS2

1. Economic, technological, and scientific background for WP1 activities

2. Selected WP1 results of the first year of FRIENDS2

a) Optimized a-C:MeC nanocomposite multilayer stacks

b) Solar-selective TCO based transmitter SnO2:Ta

c) Contamination free and highly-reflective metallic films

d) Successful room-temperature deposition of rutile type TiO2

3. Tasks for year 2

4. Conclusions and Summary

Contents

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FRIENDS2

Concentrated solar power (CSP)/ solar thermal

electricity (STE) is an emerging technology in the

carbon-free renewable energy sector

Inherent storage capability enables secure peak

and base load electricity supply

Steam turbine electricity generation allows hybrid

technologies

IEA STE roadmap expects CSP/ STE to provide a

share of 11% of the global electricity in 2050

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FRIENDS2

Technology roadmap Solar Thermal Electricity, 2014 edition, OECD/ IEA, 2014 5


FRIENDS2

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concentrated_solar_power; Technology roadmap Solar Thermal Electricity, 2014 edition, OECD/ IEA, 2014 6


Year Who/ What/ Where Power (MW) Technology

1968 G. Francia, Genova, Suisse 1 Tower, 500°C, 100 bar SH steam

1981 Solar One+Two, Cf, US 10 Tower (T)

1984-90 Luz Comp., SEGS, Mojave, US 354 Parabolic troughs (PT)

2006 ABG, PS10, Seville 11 T, direct steam generation (DSG)

2007 Acciona, Nevada, US 64 PT

2009 ABG, PS20, Seville 20 T

2010 ABG, Sanlucar 150 PT cluster

2012 Novatec Solar, Calaspara, India 30 Linear Fresnel Reflectors (LFR)

2013 ABG, Solaben 200 PT cluster, storage

2013 Genesis, Cf, US 280 PT

2014 Mojave, Cf, US 280 PT

2014 ABG, Solana, Az, US 280 PT, 6h storage

2014 Bright Source, Ivanpah, Cf, US 377 3 T, no storage

2014 Solar Reserve, Crescent Dunes, Nev, US

110 T, 10h storage, molten salt (MS)

FRIENDS2

Year Who/ What/ Where Power (MW) Technology

2015 KaXu Solar One, South Africa 100 PT, 2.5h storage, MS

2017/18 Noor II, Ghassate, Marocco 200 PT

2017 Ashalim, Negev, Il 121 T

2018 ABG, Atacama 1, Chile 110 T, 17.5 h storage

? ABG, Solnova 2 100 PT, storage

? Ordos, Gobi Desert, PRC 2000 T

? Solar Energy Project, Marocco 1540 ?

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concentrated_solar_power; Technology roadmap Solar Thermal Electricity, 2014 edition, OECD/ IEA, 2014

FRIENDS2

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Ivanpah Solar tower plant, Cf, US

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concentrated_solar_power; Technology roadmap Solar Thermal Electricity, 2014 edition, OECD/ IEA, 2014

FRIENDS2

Basic CSP quantities

.

Efficiency (solar into mechanical energy)

Absorptivity (a)

Emissivity (e)

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FRIENDS2

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Technology roadmap Solar Thermal Electricity, 2014 edition, OECD/ IEA, 2014

FRIENDS2

Decision about R&D directions for FRIENDS2

1. Highly-stable and -durable carbon- and nitride-based nanocomposite multilayers

2. A new type of solar-selective coating comprised of selective transmitter on transparent conductive oxide (TCO) basis and an absorber.

3. Bare highly reflecting metal (Cu, Al and Ag) surfaces

4. Highly solar transparent protective materials, to prevent the degradation of the reflectance material

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FRIENDS2

Optimized a-C:MeC nanocomposite multilayer stacks:FCVA Deposition and structural characterization

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a-C: g-MoC(19 at.% Mo)

a-C: fcc-VC (21 at.% V)


Irene Heras, ABG, PhD thesis in preparation

FRIENDS2

Optimized a-C:MeC nanocomposite multilayer stacks:Simulation of reflectivity and absorptance.


13Irene Heras, ABG, PhD thesis in preparation

FRIENDS2

Optimized a-C:MeC nanocomposite multilayer stacks:Simulated reflectance of optimized solar selective coatings

Best literature values so far.


14Irene Heras, ABG, PhD thesis in preparation

FRIENDS2

Solar-selective TCO based transmitter SnO2:Ta

Frank Lungwitz, HZDR, PhD thesis in preparation 15


FRIENDS2


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Frank Lungwitz, HZDR, PhD thesis in preparation

FRIENDS2


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International Patent Claim PCT/EP2015/081376,

“Self-cleaning high temperature resistant solar selective coating“,

PCT Search report, p. 12: “...the subject matter of claim 1 is new...”

FRIENDS2

Contamination free and highly-reflective metallic films

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Matthias Krause, Marcel Mesko, HZDR

DC - MS s-HiPIMS

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500 1000 1500 2000 25000

20

40

60

80

100

Re

fle

cta

nce

(%

)

wavelength(nm)

HiPIMsMS

FCVA

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Gonzalo Rincon, Ramon Escobar, ABG, Erik Schumann, Matthias Krause, HZDR

Cu films

Contamination free and highly-reflective metallic films

FRIENDS2

Successful room-temperature

deposition of rutile type TiO2

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Elena Guillén, Ramon Escobar, ABG, Matthias Krause, HZDR

FRIENDS2

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Elena Guillén, Ramon Escobar, ABG, Matthias Krause, HZDR

Successful room-temperature

deposition of rutile type TiO2

FRIENDS2

Scientific output of WP 1

FRIENDS2 project deliverable D1.1.- State of the Art (SoA) for absorbers and mirrors in CSP applications, submitted.

FRIENDS2 project deliverable D1.2.- Simulation of optical properties for solar selective coatings, submitted.

FRIENDS2 project deliverable D2.2.- FEM and Molecular dynamics simulation of multi-layered materials for renewable energy

1 patent application

2 scientific conference papers published

1 keynote presentation, 4 oral talks and 3 posters

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FRIENDS2

Publications planned for 2016i) I. Heras et al., Optimization of solar selectivity in multilayer and

homogenoues carbon: transition metal nitride nanocomposite

thin films;

ii) M. Mesko et al., RT deposition of contamination-free Ti films;

iii) E. Guillén et al., RT deposition of rutile-type TiO2 films;

Researcha) Optimization and characterization of AlTiN1-xOx absorber films;

b) Improvement of solar-selective transmitter coatings based on

TCOs;

c) Sputter deposition of highly-reflective Cu, Ag, and Al films;

d) Decision about techniques and coatings for phase 2 (year 3+4)

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3. Tasks for year 2

FRIENDS2

Selection of four topics at the kickoff meeting in 01/2015 enabled

target-oriented R&D from the very beginning of FRIENDS2

Results from all topics were presented at international conferences

Further publications are expected in the 2nd year of FRIENDS2

Delayed submission of the deliverables 1 and 2 did not affect the

progress of the research

The research is carried out in close and productive corporation

between the involved project members

To continue the excellent performance beyond year 2 additional

funding including new ESR/ ER is urgently needed

Lessons learned within WP1 in year 1

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4. Conclusions and Summary

FRIENDS2

Gonzalo Rincón

Carlos Alcañiz

Mercedes Alcón

Irene Heras

Elena Guillén

Ainhoa Pardo

(Manresa)

Ramón Escobar

Ibon Azkona

Jose Luis Endrino

Robert Wenisch

Erik Schumann

Frank Lungwitz

Daniel Janke

Jens

Zscharschuch

Angela Schneider

Frans Munnik

Marcel Mesko

(Trnava)

Matthias Krause

Contributions by

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With a little help from…FRIENDS2 & Co.

Thank You! Danke! Gracias!

FRIENDS2

Reference: Key world energy statistics, OECD/ IEA, 2015 26


FRIENDS2

FRIENDS2 is excellent science

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...that can contribute to improve CSP (STE) technology.


FRIENDS2

Current (state of the art) limitations

.

Solar receivers

Reflecting mirrors

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Documents

FRamework of Innovation for Engineering of New Durable ...€¦ · 2006 ABG, PS10, Seville 11 T, direct steam generation (DSG) 2007 Acciona, Nevada, US 64 PT 2009 ABG, PS20, Seville