ANTI-CORRUPTION

INITIATIVESNOT EFFECTIVE!

WHAT WENT WRONG?

Daniel M C Li SBS, IDS 16th IACC 2-4 September 2015 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Fragmented anti-corruption responsibilities

insufficient funding Weak legal systemLack of professional training and

expertiseLittle commitment of frontline staffHesitant leadershipShort of public endorsement

STRUCTURAL

Inadequacy of legislations, legal loopholes and lacunae

Challenges on rights infringementLack of witnesses to testify

a sense of fatalism do not trust the system in fear of retaliation

Overseas legal assistance not forthcoming

Threats on graft fighters Corruption in-house (agency sabotaged)

ENFORCEMENT

Bureaucratic public administrationInefficient governmental systemsRestrictive and convoluted rules and

regulationsInadequate management controlsInsufficient checks and balancesLack of transparencyNo desire to change/transform

GOVERNMENTAL

NEED or GREED? insufficient pay and benefits for civil

servants imbalanced income between government

servants and private sector employeesHigh percentage of population enjoying

fruits of corruption majority of powerful/influential middle

class and above are the satisfied groups social value and orientation not clear public support to fight corruption not

high

SOCIAL AND ECONOMICAL 1

Costs of anti-corruption too high Robust actions bring down economic

development and growth Low education level of populace and

ignorance of their rights Lack of integrity training in the societyAn inherited culture, custom and

tradition

SOCIAL AND ECONOMICAL 2

Access to political power is access to financial privileges/opportunities

Offer of financial privileges/opportunities in exchange for political status and support

Many politicians owe their careers and status to corruption

Few genuinely take a stand against it, for fear of upsetting their careers and status

Vested interest groups prevail – political parties, major developers, big enterprises, etc

Political instability

POLITICAL

Addressing the Legislative Council on October 17, 1973, the Governor, Sir Murray Mclehose, said

To combat corruption, good laws and good organization are essential, but I put my trust principally in the services of sound men.

THE WISDOM

THANK YOU!