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FR IT UK -Hellenic Army Interpreter Officers -Hellenic Army Interpreter Officers -Linguistic Services within the Hellenic Army -International Standardisation

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ITUK

-- Hellenic Army Interpreter Hellenic Army Interpreter OfficersOfficers

-- Linguistic Services within the Linguistic Services within the Hellenic ArmyHellenic Army

-- International StandardisationInternational Standardisation

• Plato, Theætetus (163c): “but we do not perceive through Plato, Theætetus (163c): “but we do not perceive through sight or hearing, and we do not know, what the sight or hearing, and we do not know, what the grammarians and interpreters teach about them …”grammarians and interpreters teach about them …”

• better knowledge of each and every profession is better knowledge of each and every profession is obtained through correct education and trainingobtained through correct education and training

MissionMission- Translation of documents- Translation of documents- Interpreting during all levels of activities:- Interpreting during all levels of activities: * Operations, exercises and training* Operations, exercises and training * Contacts of Hellenic and foreign military authorities* Contacts of Hellenic and foreign military authorities * Cooperation and acquisition committees* Cooperation and acquisition committees * Court hearings, command presentations, film doubling* Court hearings, command presentations, film doubling Linguistic and secretariat services during international Linguistic and secretariat services during international conferencesconferences Escort of foreign dignitaries and delegationsEscort of foreign dignitaries and delegations- Selection and training of interpreters, both Officers and - Selection and training of interpreters, both Officers and enlisted personnel for the needs of the Hellenic Armyenlisted personnel for the needs of the Hellenic Army- Operation of Translation Offices- Operation of Translation Offices

- Holders of a university degree in translation and interpretation, or in studies in the foreign language abroad and in Greece- Fit for military service, both physically and mentally- Not more than 28 years of age- Desirable knowledge of a second foreign language: Arab, English, French, German, Italian, Russian, Turkish, and the Balkan ones

-- Applications controlled by a commission, with Applications controlled by a commission, with Interpreter and Recruiting Corps OfficersInterpreter and Recruiting Corps Officers-- Admitted applicants undergo medical, physical and Admitted applicants undergo medical, physical and mental fitness tests, similar to those in effect for field mental fitness tests, similar to those in effect for field specialties candidate Officers.specialties candidate Officers.-- After successfully passing the initial tests, oral and After successfully passing the initial tests, oral and written examinationswritten examinations

Oral and WrittenOral and Written

** In In Greek essayGreek essay: comprehensive knowledge of and : comprehensive knowledge of and capability to correctly express in the official language. capability to correctly express in the official language. ** In the In the main languagemain language selected: selected:

-- EssayEssay-- Direct and reverse translation of 40 lines Direct and reverse translation of 40 lines

(times 12 words = 480 words in total)(times 12 words = 480 words in total)-- Direct and reverse interpreting of 10 minutesDirect and reverse interpreting of 10 minutes-- Interview with the examinerInterview with the examiner

** In any In any secondary languagesecondary language optionally: optionally: -- EssayEssay-- Direct and reverse translation of 40 linesDirect and reverse translation of 40 lines-- Interview with the examinerInterview with the examiner

* Approximately Level 4444 and above for the main language * Level 3333 and above for the secondary ones

as defined by STANAG 6001 and the Standard Language Profiles Descriptions in Amplification of this NATO STANAG, issued by the Defence School of Languages in May 1996

• Basic Infantry Soldiering:Basic Infantry Soldiering: 4 4 weeksweeks • Infantry ReserveInfantry Reserve Officers School course: Officers School course: 3 ½ 3 ½ monthsmonths

• Application school; Other Corps’ Advanced Course in the Application school; Other Corps’ Advanced Course in the Infantry School; decision for attendance of collegesInfantry School; decision for attendance of colleges • Linguistic post-university and specialisation studies Linguistic post-university and specialisation studies (Defence Language Institute (DLI) USA?)(Defence Language Institute (DLI) USA?)• On-the-job trainingOn-the-job training • Incentives to all Officers to learn foreign languages (Hellenic Army Military School for Foreign Languages; financing the obtaining of language proficiency titles, such as the State Certificate of Language Proficiency, foreign university diplomas, etc)

• CiviliansCivilians, Translators / Interpreters, of , Translators / Interpreters, of university or secondary education degreeuniversity or secondary education degree• Contracted through Defence civilian Contracted through Defence civilian agenciesagencies• Serving in any Defence post, not Serving in any Defence post, not necessarily in the Translation Officesnecessarily in the Translation Offices• Interpreter Reserve SoldiersInterpreter Reserve Soldiers• English, French, Italian, Spanish, English, French, Italian, Spanish, Russian and TurkishRussian and Turkish

Officers – Civilians – Reserve Soldiers Officers – Civilians – Reserve Soldiers

HAGS Standing Order HAGS Standing Order 0 – 35 / 2007 0 – 35 / 2007

• Operation of a Translation OfficeOperation of a Translation Office • Job Description of the Director of the Job Description of the Director of the Translation Office within the HAGSTranslation Office within the HAGS • On-the-job training of new Interpreter On-the-job training of new Interpreter OfficersOfficers

Quality translation and interpreting servicesQuality translation and interpreting services** Accuracy of expressionAccuracy of expression** Sophisticated languageSophisticated language** Width of complex topicsWidth of complex topics

-- Translation methods, aids, timings and prioritiesTranslation methods, aids, timings and priorities-- Interpreting methods and proceduresInterpreting methods and procedures

• Continuous training Continuous training • Exploitation of the experience of senior colleaguesExploitation of the experience of senior colleagues• Prompt use of suitable general and specialised Prompt use of suitable general and specialised dictionaries and other reference materials (such as dictionaries and other reference materials (such as regulations, directives, magazines, etc)regulations, directives, magazines, etc) • Translation and interpreting should not complement or Translation and interpreting should not complement or embellish the original written or oral speech; not provoke embellish the original written or oral speech; not provoke any misunderstanding for its true meaning; and therefore any misunderstanding for its true meaning; and therefore not deny from the possibility to realise that the text or not deny from the possibility to realise that the text or expression is incomprehensible, incoherent, fragmentary or expression is incomprehensible, incoherent, fragmentary or erroneouserroneous

- Professional Ethics- Protection of Information, on a right-to-know basis- Personal confidence- Protection of personal data- Non-disclosure of relevant information, not even to persons with a respective security clearance, but without right of access

Rules of duty also apply to other military and civilian personnel, providing informal translation / interpreting services.

- Vital contribution to the combined operational effectiveness of the military forces of alliances or coalitions - Better use of economic resources - Operating together (interoperability); sharing common doctrine and procedures; not necessary to have common military equipment - important to share common facilities and be able to communicate- No duplication in the research, development, production, procurement and logistic support - Pooling of resources - Synergies among countries

- Interoperability through joint planning, training and exercises during the Cold War - Practice during joint operations in the Balkans and Afghanistan - Promulgation of NATO Standardisation Agreements (STANAGs) - NATO countries through the Conference of National Armaments Directors (CNADs) and the NATO Standardisation Organisation (NSO) - NATO Staff through the NATO Committee for Standardisation, the NATO Standardisation Staff Group and the NATO Standardisation Agency (NSA)

- Standardisation and interoperability mainly led by the central European institutions - Valuable work of other organisations, such as NATO, Finabel and the Council of Europe - Linguistic-related documentation on standardisation and interoperability by those organisations and the International Standardisation Organisation (ISO)

o s c e

-- Terminology for functional, organisational and operational Terminology for functional, organisational and operational documentation translation and interpreting, with standardised wording:documentation translation and interpreting, with standardised wording:

** Military terminology (national, NATO, EU, Finabel, etc) or Military terminology (national, NATO, EU, Finabel, etc) or of other international organisations (e.g. ISO, IEC, ICAO, etc).of other international organisations (e.g. ISO, IEC, ICAO, etc).

** National glossariesNational glossaries** Dictionaries of acronyms and abbreviations, authorised Dictionaries of acronyms and abbreviations, authorised

symbols, etc.symbols, etc.** Language proficiency level (Common European Frame, Language proficiency level (Common European Frame,

STANAG 6001, European Council language proficiency levels, etc)STANAG 6001, European Council language proficiency levels, etc)-- Non-existence of authorised terminology -> use of relevant Non-existence of authorised terminology -> use of relevant dictionaries of the private sector (example, “The Concise Oxford English dictionaries of the private sector (example, “The Concise Oxford English Dictionary” (AAP-6)Dictionary” (AAP-6)

Correspondence = Communication to one or more external or internal

individual or organisation

Example- Most common and widely understood abbreviations and acronyms (e.g. ACO, SHAPE, NATO, HQ, U N, PfP, SACEUR)

- Other are to be written in full on their first appearance, followed by the abbreviation or acronym in parentheses

a.a. Translation of texts from and to foreign languagesTranslation of texts from and to foreign languagesb.b. Military terminology and use of respective aidsMilitary terminology and use of respective aidsc.c. Quality specificationsQuality specificationsd.d. Standardisation (national, NATO, EU, Finabel, etc) – Standardisation (national, NATO, EU, Finabel, etc) – familiarisation with acronyms and abbreviations, familiarisation with acronyms and abbreviations, standardised symbols, allied publications, STANAGs – standardised symbols, allied publications, STANAGs – international organisation terminology (UN, OSCE, ISOinternational organisation terminology (UN, OSCE, ISO, , IECIEC, , ICAO) – and in particular STANAG 6001.ICAO) – and in particular STANAG 6001.

e.e. Interpreting from and to foreign languagesInterpreting from and to foreign languagesf.f. Participation in the organisation of military activitiesParticipation in the organisation of military activitiesg.g. Drafting of briefing scripts, film doubling, with or Drafting of briefing scripts, film doubling, with or without subtitles, etc. without subtitles, etc. h.h. General information on the organisation of the General information on the organisation of the Hellenic Defence, International Organisations (UN, NATO, Hellenic Defence, International Organisations (UN, NATO, EU, OSCE, Finabel, etc), peace-support operations, defence EU, OSCE, Finabel, etc), peace-support operations, defence planning, multilateral military cooperation, logistics, etc.planning, multilateral military cooperation, logistics, etc.