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Fostering opportunity through planning.
Creating Inclusive Communities
Lisa Corrado, Long Range Planning ManagerCity of Henderson
John Tapogna, PresidentEcoNorthwest
Overview
• Recent research on economic mobility—place
matters!
• Where is the land of opportunity?
• How does a place affect earnings?
• Case study—how a community in Southern
Nevada has worked to influence these factors.
• Why is diversity and inclusion important to
economic mobility and what can planners do to
support it?
Where is the land of opportunity?
Parent-Child Income Ranks, US v. Denmark
Source: Chetty et al. Where is the land of opportunity?
Parent Income Rank v. Child’s College Attendance
Source: Chetty et al. Where is the land of opportunity?
Parent Income Rank v. Teenage Birth Rate
Source: Chetty et al. Where is the land of opportunity?
Source: Chetty et al. Where is the land of opportunity?
Geography of Upward Mobility
Source: Chetty et al. Where is the land of opportunity?
Geography of Upward Mobility
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5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
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Expected Income Percentile Rank of a Child Whose Parents Were at the 25th Income Percentile
How does place affect earnings?
How does place affect earnings?
http://www.nytimes.com/2015/05/04/upshot/an-atlas-of-upward-mobility-shows-paths-out-of-
poverty.html?_r=0
How does place affect earnings?
http://www.nytimes.com/2015/05/04/upshot/an-atlas-of-upward-mobility-shows-paths-out-of-
poverty.html?_r=0
How does place affect earnings?
http://www.nytimes.com/2015/05/04/upshot/an-atlas-of-upward-mobility-shows-paths-out-of-
poverty.html?_r=0
Factors that affect children
Source: Chetty et al. (2015) The Impacts of Neighborhoods on Intergenerational Mobility. Table XII.
Column 4; Y-axis represents the relative impact on mobility for each 1 standard change in the
covariate.
-2.5 -2.0 -1.5 -1.0 -0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0
Gini
Gini Bottom 99%
Violent Crime Rate
Segregation of Affluence (>p75)
Income Segregation
Fraction of Children with Single Mothers
High School Dropout Rate (Income adjusted)
Segregation of Poverty (<p25)
Test Score Percentile (Income adjusted)
Fraction of Adults Married
Teenage (14-16) Labor Force Participation
Number of Colleges per Capita
Social Capital Index
Fraction Middle Class (between p25 and p75)
Fraction with Commute < 15 Mins
Case Study:
Southern Nevada
Clark County, NV
Las Vegas Valley
Henderson, NV
Henderson Context
• Population: 291,432
• Median Income: $63,830
• Adults with a HS diploma: 92.7%
• Adults with a Bachelor’s degree: 30.9%
• Median age is ~41
• Families with children: 56%
• 5th largest school district in the U.S.
• Overall low graduation rates (71%)
• Overall low student achievement
17
8
9
4
CCSD School Star Ratings 2014
Source: Applied Analysis. Note: Not all schools are rated.
School District context
Planning Tools &
Interventions to Support
Economic Mobility:
Transportation, Social
Capital, Housing &
Education
Transportation: Fraction with Commute Time <15 min
Social Capital, Integration: Demographic analysis
Social Capital, Integration: Working as a region
Social Capital, Integration: Enhance cross-cultural competence
81%
5%
4%
3%
0%
0%
6%
82%
4%
3%
3%
0%
1%
7%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
White
Hispanic
Asian or Pacific Islander
Black or African American
American Indian or AlaskaNative
Other
Prefer not to answer
Race/E
thn
icit
y
Diversity in Planning
2016
2014
Source: APA/AICP Planners Salary Survey Planner Characteristics.
Social Capital, Integration: Foster a welcoming community
• Regional Analysis of Impediments
Implementation
Social Capital, Integration: Housing
Education; student performance
QUESTIONS?
Contact info:
John Tapogna
Lisa Corrado
