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Fostering Learners’ Collaborative Problem Solving with RiverWeb
Roger AzevedoUniversity of Maryland
Mary Ellen VeronaMaryland Virtual High School
Jennifer G. CromleyUniversity of Maryland
Acknowledgements
Maryland Virtual High School (MVHS) Susan Ragan, Stacey Pitrech, Marylin Leong
National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) David Curtis
National Science Foundation (NSF) University of Maryland
Myriam Tron
Overview
Introduction Context - MVHS - NCSA - UMCP RiverWeb Framework and Curriculum Design Principles Research Questions
Present Study Method Results
Summary Future Directions
RiverWeb - Water Quality Web-based Simulation
RiverWeb
RiverWeb -Notebook
RiverWeb - Scatterplots & Help
Framework & Curriculum Design Principles
Context Meaningful problem space that provides intellectual
challenges and sustains engagement Driving Q’s, sub-questions, anchoring event
Standards based Larger community of experts that defines the language
and methods of the larger community AAAS benchmarks, State & county science objectives
Inquiry The accepted method of the scientific community for
solving problems Asking Qs, data collection, organization, and data
analysis, sharing and communicating data
Framework & Curriculum Design Principles
Collaboration Interaction among students, teachers, and community
members to share information and negotiate meaning e.g., small-group meetings
Learning tools Tools that support students in intellectually challenging tasks
Data collection, communication, modeling Artifacts
Representations of ideas and concepts that can be shared, critiqued, and revised to enhance learning
e.g., concept maps, scientific models Scaffolds
Methods provided by teachers, peers, and on-line resources
Research Questions
How do students use multiple representations (e.g., graphs, scatterplots) during scientific reasoning?
How do students use math, biology, and chemistry concepts to reason about watershed problems?
What is the nature of students’ misconceptions about dynamic systems?
What is the nature of students’ discourse during scientific reasoning? (e.g., observations, explanations, use of supporting evidence)
How does RiverWeb support collaborative scientific reasoning and argumentation?
How and when do students utilize scaffolding provided by the teacher, peers and/or digital resources?
Method
Students 16 9th grade students, 2 Honors biology classes Introduction to the interdependence of living organisms
Procedure Students audio- and videotaped on 2 separate
occasions over a 1 week period 1 environmental science teacher - complete participant Regular classroom teacher and visiting teacher 2 researchers acted as complete observers 10 hrs of video and audio (2 student-pairs x 2 x 75 min)
Method (2)
In-depth examination of students’ emerging understanding of science phenomena
Data sources 10 hrs of video and audio (8 student-pairs x 2 x 75 min) notebook entries, prediction statements, pretest and
posttests Data Analyses
Quantitative (pre- and posttests, quality of notebook answers)
Nature of collaborative problem solving (e.g., reasoning chains)
Nature of teachers’ scaffolding during science activities
Results
Overall, students exhibited the following difficulties: inability to establish whether the differences observed are due to
cause-and-effect or are based on a relationship between variables lack of understanding of definitions and concepts (e.g., runoff) difficulty reading and comparing multiple representations incomplete co-construction of knowledge
Students engage in long reasoning chains as they jointly solve problems presented in the work sheets and notebook by accessing multiple representations and other WQS features.
Teachers provide individualized levels of scaffolding.
Students create incorrect analogies and/or use incorrect visual representations of complex concepts.
Engaged students are metacognitively aware of their performance and will address deficiencies by deploying various strategies.
Summary
“Flexible” application of educational research Theoretically-based and empirically-driven
approach Evolution and scaling-up of “computers as cognitive
tools” theme Self-regulation learning model Role of modeling and visualization tools for science Teachers’ professional development
Future Directions
Investigate the role of self-regulated learning (SRL) during students’ complex science learning with RiverWeb
examine effects of teacher-set goals vs. learner-generated sub-goals on students’ emerging understanding of scientific phenomena
Understand the nature and role of classroom discourse during science inquiry activities
Build additional RiverWeb features Content assistants Hypothesis-testing area Explore the use of AI techniques
model SRL and explanation-based coach