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Fossil Fuels
Fossil Fuels
Where does the name come from?????
3 types:
Solid: Coal
Liquid: Oil
Gas: Natural Gas
Why do they have energy?
Carbon bonds
How do we release the Energy?
Burn them!!!!
For Each.
Formation
Extraction
Energy Production and Uses
Environmental Problems
Account for 90% of world energy consumption
40% Oil
24% Coal
22% NG
Coal
Coal Intro
Cheapest and most polluting
Used for centuries but did not become dominant fuel until 18th century (replaced wood)
Fueled Industrial Revolution
US has ~25% of worlds coal
China has large deposits too
Remnants of.
Ancient PLANT material from SWAMPY LAND
LEPIDODENDREN
SIGILLARIA
WHEN???
Carboniferous Period
360-290 mys
Needs.
Partial Decomposition
Time
Heat
Pressure
Terms
Moss
Peat
Lignite
Bituminous
Anthracite
Peat: Pre-coal; Low heat content
1. Lignite- Youngest; Largest portion; Lowest C content
Soft coal, brown-black in color, soft, woody texture
Moist & produces little heat
Often used in power plants
Found in Western states
2. Bituminous Coal (most common)
Also soft (but harder than lignite)
Dull to bright black with dull bands
Contains sulfur (which means)
Produces lots of heat so used by power plants- most common
3. Anthracite or Hard Coal
Exposed to extremely high temps during formation
Burns most cleanly
Highest heat-producing capacity
Oil and Natural Gas
Intro
1940s:oil & ng become important (easier to transport and cleaner)
Distribution is uneven
Half of the oil: Persian Gulf
Half the ng: Russia & Iran
Exist on continental shelf
Usually discovered under structural traps (geological features that trap oil or ng)
Supplies will run out before coal
Remnants of.
Ancient AQUATIC MICROSCOPIC organisms
When????
Carboniferous Period
Needs.
Partial Decomposition
Time
Heat
Pressure
Natural Gas= higher temperatures
http://www.npr.org/news/specials/climate/video/
How do we get them out of the ground????
Extraction of Fossil Fuels
Coal
Surface
Strip
Open Pit
Mountaintop Removal
Subsurface
Slope
Shaft
Strip
Open Pit
Mountaintop Removal
http://www.colbertnation.com/the-colbert-report-videos/261997/january-18-2010/coal-comfort---margaret-palmer
Shaft
Slope
Problems?
Surface?
Ruins the Environment
Subsurface?
Dangerous
Oil and Natural Gas
Drilling for petroleum (land or ocean)
Refine- separate
Drilling & Fracking
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=timfvNgr_Q4
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SeXG8K5_UvU
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e_CcrgKLyzc&feature=related
Uses
Energy Generation
Coal
Electricity Generation
Industrial Processes
Oil
Transportation
Fuels
Industrial Processes
Cement
Plastic
Heating
Natural Gas
Heating
Electricity
Concept Map Time
I will give you the pollutants- you link them to environmental issues
Environmental Problems
Coal: CO2, SO2, Hg
Oil: CO2, Nox
Natural Gas: CO2