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ortrich vs. Corona 1998

MARTINEZ, J.:

The Office of the resi!ent "o!ifie! its !ecision #hich ha! a$rea!% &eco"e

fina$ an! e'ec(tor%.

ACT):

1. This case invo$ves a 1**+hectare $an! $ocate! at )an icente, )("i$ao, -(i!non,o#ne! &% the Nor&erto /(is("&in0, )r. Mana0e"ent an! eve$o2"ent Cor2oration3N/)RMC4, one of the 2etitioners. The 2ro2ert% is covere! &% a Transfer Certificate

of Tit$e No. 1*561[3]of the Re0istr% of ee!s of the rovince of -(i!non.

7. In Octo&er, 1991, !(rin0 the e'istence of the $ease, the e2art"ent of A0rarianRefor" 3AR4 2$ace! the entire 1**+hectare 2ro2ert% (n!er co"2($sor% ac(isition an!

assesse! the $an! va$(e at 7.58 "i$$ion.[4]

5. N/)RMC resiste! the ARs action. In Fe&r(ar%, 1997, it so(0ht an! #as 0rante!&% the AR A!(!ication -oar! 3ARA-4, thro(0h its rovincia$ A0rarian Refor"A!(!icator 3ARA4 in ARA- Case No. ;+an! -an of the hi$i22ines 3>an! -an4, an! their a(thori?e!re2resentatives @to !esist fro" 2(rs(in0 an% activit% or activities concernin0 the

s(&ect $an! @(nti$ f(rther or!ers.[5]

*. es2ite the ARA- or!er of March 51, 1997, the AR Re0iona$ irector iss(e! a"e"oran!(", !ate! Ma% 71, 1997, !irectin0 the >an! -an to o2en a tr(st acco(nt for7.58 "i$$ion in the na"e of N/)RMC an! to con!(ct s(""ar% 2rocee!in0s to !eter"inethe (st co"2ensation of the s(&ect 2ro2ert%. N/)RMC o&ecte! to these "oves an!fi$e! on J(ne 9, 1997 an O"ni&(s Motion to enforce the ARA- or!er of March 51, 1997an! to n($$if% the s(""ar% 2rocee!in0s (n!ertaen &% the AR Re0iona$ irector an!>an! -an on the va$(ation of the s(&ect 2ro2ert%.

an! -an @to ret(rn the c$ai" fo$!er of etitioner

N/)RMCs s(&ect 2ro2ert% to the AR (nti$ f(rther or!ers.[6]

=. In the "eanti"e, the rovincia$ eve$o2"ent Co(nci$ 3C4 of -(i!non, hea!e! &%

overnor Car$os O. Fortich, 2asse! Reso$(tion No. =,[8] !ate! Jan(ar% 6, 1995,!esi0natin0 certain areas a$on0 -(i!non+)a%re Di0h#a% as 2art of the -(i!non A0ro+In!(stria$ Zones #here the s(&ect 2ro2ert% is sit(ate!.

6. On Nove"&er 1*, 199*, the AR, thr( )ecretar% ari$ao, invoin0 its 2o#ers toa22rove conversion of $an!s (n!er )ection =< of R.A. No. ==

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soon fo(n! o(t that !(rin0 the 2en!enc% of &oth the etition for Certiorari,rohi&ition, #ith re$i"inar% In(nction it fi$e! a0ainst AR in the Co(rt of A22ea$san! the a22ea$ to the resi!ent fi$e! &% overnor Car$os O. Fortich, the AR, #itho(t0ivin0 (st co"2ensation, ca(se! the cance$$ation of N/)RMCs tit$e on A(0(st 11,199< an! ha! it transferre! in the na"e of the Re2(&$ic of the hi$i22ines (n!er TCT

No. T+:1. Ghether the reco(rse of 2etitioners is 2ro2er or not.

In or!er to !eter"ine #hether the reco(rse of 2etitioners is 2ro2er or not, it isnecessar% to !ra# a $ine &et#een an error of (!0"ent an! an error of (ris!iction.An error of (!0"ent is one #hich the co(rt "a% co""it in the e'ercise of its(ris!iction, an! #hich error is revie#a&$e on$% &% an a22ea$.5

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fi$in0 a verifie! 2etition for revie#*#ithin fifteen 31ist of Far"er+-eneficiaries. A22arent$%, thea$$e0e! "aster $ist #as "a!e 2(rs(ant to the !irective in the !is2ositive 2ortion of

the assai$e! @Gin+Gin Reso$(tion #hich !irects the AR @to caref($$% an!"etic($o(s$% !eter"ine #ho a"on0 the c$ai"ants are (a$ifie! far"er+&eneficiaries.Do#ever, a 2er(sa$ of the sai! !oc("ent revea$s that "ovants are those 2(r2orte!$%@Fo(n! /(a$ifie! an! Reco""en!e! for A22rova$. In other #or!s, "ovants are "ere$%reco""en!ee far"er+&eneficiaries.

The r($e in this (ris!iction is that a rea$ 2art% in interest is a 2art% #ho#o($! &e &enefite! or in(re! &% the (!0"ent or is the 2art% entit$e! to the avai$sof the s(it. Rea$ interest "eans a 2resent s(&stantia$ interest, as !istin0(ishe!fro" a "ere e'2ectanc% or a f(t(re, contin0ent, s(&or!inate or conse(entia$ interest.

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s(22$etor% character #henever 2ractica&$e.

Ghen the Office of the resi!ent iss(e! the Or!er !ate! J(ne 75,1996 !ec$arin0 theecision of March 79, 199= fina$ an! e'ec(tor%, as no one has seasona&$% fi$e! a"otion for reconsi!eration thereto, the sai! Office ha! $ost its (ris!iction to re+o2en the case, "ore so "o!if% its ecision. Davin0 $ost its (ris!iction, the Officeof the resi!ent has no "ore a(thorit% to entertain the secon! "otion forreconsi!eration fi$e! &% res2on!ent AR )ecretar%, #hich secon! "otion &eca"e the&asis of the assai$e! @Gin+Gin Reso$(tion. )ection 6 of A!"inistrative Or!er No. 18an! )ection *, R($e *5 of the Revise! R($es of Co(rt "an!ate that on$% one 314 "otionfor reconsi!eration is a$$o#e! to &e taen fro" the ecision of March 79, 199=. An!even if a secon! "otion for reconsi!eration #as 2er"itte! to &e fi$e! in@e'ce2tiona$$% "eritorio(s cases, as 2rovi!e! in the secon! 2ara0ra2h of )ection 6of AO 18, sti$$ the sai! "otion sho($! not have &een entertaine! consi!erin0 that thefirst "otion for reconsi!eration #as not seasona&$% fi$e!, there&% a$$o#in0 theecision of March 79, 199= to $a2se into fina$it%. Th(s, the act of the Office of theresi!ent in re+o2enin0 the case an! s(&stantia$$% "o!if%in0 its March 79,199=ecision #hich ha! a$rea!% &eco"e fina$ an! e'ec(tor%, #as in 0ross !isre0ar! of ther($es an! &asic $e0a$ 2rece2t that accor! fina$it% to a!"inistrative !eter"inations.