Upload
akanksha-mishra
View
229
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
7/31/2019 Formal Language and Diction
1/19
PART IIIFORMAL LANGUAGE, DICTION ANDSTYLE
7/31/2019 Formal Language and Diction
2/19
Formal Language-
The use of formal language is essential intechnical communication.
Formal language refers to the use of formalwords, scientific vocabulary, specialisedterminology and formal phrases and
expression
7/31/2019 Formal Language and Diction
3/19
In every field of science and technology,
there are specific terms and phrases.
The jargons (words or expressions used by aparticular group or profession) can be used
as they are accurate and indispensable toolsof communication.
7/31/2019 Formal Language and Diction
4/19
How to write formal language?
Use formal words
7/31/2019 Formal Language and Diction
5/19
Formal Neutral Slang
Fortuitous fortunate luckyContemplate consider chew on
Copious many gobs
Reiterate repeat dittoElucidate explain draw you
a picture
7/31/2019 Formal Language and Diction
6/19
Formal Neutral Slang
Dialogue conversation rap
Recalcitrant stubborn mule headed
Disconcerting upsetting a downer
7/31/2019 Formal Language and Diction
7/19
Avoid colloquial and informal
words and expressions.
7/31/2019 Formal Language and Diction
8/19
Colloquialisms are expressions and
grammatical forms used in familiar speechbut are not appropriate in formal writing. E g.Free and easy expressions like hold on,
contractions like were, abbreviations like
para, verb less sentences, omission ofsubjects, especially pronouns areinappropriate in formal language.
7/31/2019 Formal Language and Diction
9/19
Use appropriate scientific phrases.
Use appropriate technical terms.
7/31/2019 Formal Language and Diction
10/19
Use standard and formal sentence
structures.
Avoid conversational tone.
7/31/2019 Formal Language and Diction
11/19
DICTION
ORIGIN
It has been derived from a Latin worddictionemwhich means "a saying,
expression, word.
7/31/2019 Formal Language and Diction
12/19
PRIMARY MEANING
The word dicton refers to the writer's or
the speaker's distinctive vocabularychoices and style of expression.
7/31/2019 Formal Language and Diction
13/19
SECONDARY MEANING
A secondary, common meaning of "diction"
is more precisely expressed with the wordenunciation -the art of speaking clearly sothat each word is clearly heard and
understood to its fullest complexity and
extremity.
7/31/2019 Formal Language and Diction
14/19
Primary Meaning concerns word
choice and style.
Secondary Meaning concernspronunciation and tone.
7/31/2019 Formal Language and Diction
15/19
It can be safely concluded that
diction refers to: word choice
style
pronunciation
tone
7/31/2019 Formal Language and Diction
16/19
Martha Kolln, Rhetorical Grammar.
Allyn and Bacon, 1999.
"Diction will be effective only when thewords you choose are appropriate for the
audience and purpose, when they conveyyour message accurately and comfortably.
The idea of comfort may seem out of place inconnection with diction, but, in fact, wordscan sometimes cause the reader to feel
uncomfortable. You've probably experiencedsuch feelings yourself as a listener--hearinga speaker whose words for one reason or
another strike you as inappropriate."
http://grammar.about.com/od/ab/g/audiencterm.htmhttp://grammar.about.com/od/pq/g/purpose-term.htmhttp://grammar.about.com/od/pq/g/purpose-term.htmhttp://grammar.about.com/od/ab/g/audiencterm.htm7/31/2019 Formal Language and Diction
17/19
Diction has multiple concerns;
registerwords being either formal orinformal in social contextis foremost.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formalityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquialismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquialismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formality7/31/2019 Formal Language and Diction
18/19
E.g. :
Literary diction analysis reveals how a
passage establishes tone andcharacterization.
A preponderance of verbs relating physicalmovement suggests an active character.
e.g flexed, shook, snapped, shook,held,wiped, clenched, folded.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Setting_tonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Setting_tone7/31/2019 Formal Language and Diction
19/19
A preponderance of verbs relating states of
mind portrays an introspective character.e.g. knows, believes, thinks, understands,
appreciates, likes etc.