Forging the New Forging the New RepublicRepublic

Chapter 2, Section 3Chapter 2, Section 3

G. Washington takes office in 1789G. Washington takes office in 1789 Set up cabinetSet up cabinet Sec. of War: Henry KnoxSec. of War: Henry Knox Sec. of Treasury: Alexander HamiltonSec. of Treasury: Alexander Hamilton Sec. of State: Thomas JeffersonSec. of State: Thomas Jefferson Hamilton wanted strong central gov.Hamilton wanted strong central gov. Jefferson wanted more power in statesJefferson wanted more power in states Judiciary Act 1789: 6-judge Supreme Court Judiciary Act 1789: 6-judge Supreme Court

and lower courtsand lower courts John Jay made Chief JusticeJohn Jay made Chief Justice

Hamilton’s Financial PlanHamilton’s Financial Plan Gov. had no $Gov. had no $ Hamilton created a controversial 3-point planHamilton created a controversial 3-point plan

• Fed. Gov. take on state & National debtFed. Gov. take on state & National debt• Gov. raise $ by passing tariffsGov. raise $ by passing tariffs• Create a National Bank & National Mint to Create a National Bank & National Mint to

stabilize currency stabilize currency Some thought plan favored wealthySome thought plan favored wealthy Southerners had already paid war debtsSoutherners had already paid war debts Tensions solved by moving capital to Tensions solved by moving capital to

Philadelphia, then Wash. DCPhiladelphia, then Wash. DC

Bank of the United StatesBank of the United States Creation of a national bank wasn’t in the Creation of a national bank wasn’t in the

Cons.Cons. Strict Constructionists (Jefferson)Strict Constructionists (Jefferson) Some believed the Cons. allowed anything Some believed the Cons. allowed anything

not forbiddennot forbidden Loose Constructionists (Hamilton)Loose Constructionists (Hamilton) Jefferson wanted Washington to veto Bank Jefferson wanted Washington to veto Bank

BillBill Hamilton convinced Washington that gov. Hamilton convinced Washington that gov.

had to be flexiblehad to be flexible

Jefferson’s followers: Democratic Jefferson’s followers: Democratic RepublicansRepublicans

Hamilton’s followers: FederalistsHamilton’s followers: Federalists Demo.-Repubs. support revolution in FranceDemo.-Repubs. support revolution in France Federalists against itFederalists against it Washington issues Neutrality ProclamationWashington issues Neutrality Proclamation John Jay negotiated treaty w/Britain to pay John Jay negotiated treaty w/Britain to pay

for ships they had seized & to leave forts in for ships they had seized & to leave forts in NW territoryNW territory

Pinckney treaty settled boundary disputes Pinckney treaty settled boundary disputes with Spain in FLwith Spain in FL

Whiskey Rebellion: protest vs. tax on Whiskey Rebellion: protest vs. tax on whiskeywhiskey

Attacked tax collectors & burned property Attacked tax collectors & burned property of people who reported stillsof people who reported stills

Washington sent militia quicklyWashington sent militia quickly Indian battles in NW territoryIndian battles in NW territory Anthony Wayne defeats Indians @battle of Anthony Wayne defeats Indians @battle of

Fallen TimbersFallen Timbers Adams sends diplomats for better French Adams sends diplomats for better French

relations; France wanted bribesrelations; France wanted bribes XYZ affairXYZ affair

Jefferson’s PresidencyJefferson’s Presidency 1800: 11800: 1stst election that changed party in election that changed party in

powerpower T. Jefferson/Aaron Burr tie led to 12T. Jefferson/Aaron Burr tie led to 12 thth

Amend.Amend. T.J.’s plan: reduce taxes, reduce size & T.J.’s plan: reduce taxes, reduce size &

influence of Fed. Gov.influence of Fed. Gov. End of Adam’s term, he appointed 5 new End of Adam’s term, he appointed 5 new

judgesjudges Sec. of State Madison refused to deliver Sec. of State Madison refused to deliver

commission to onecommission to one Marbury v. Madison; right to judge lawMarbury v. Madison; right to judge law

Louisiana PurchaseLouisiana Purchase Major achievement of TJ presidencyMajor achievement of TJ presidency Purchased from FrancePurchased from France Jefferson strict constructionist; Cons. didn’t Jefferson strict constructionist; Cons. didn’t

give president power to purchasegive president power to purchase TJ decided it was included in “make treaty” TJ decided it was included in “make treaty”

provisionprovision Lewis & Clark sent to explore new territoryLewis & Clark sent to explore new territory Sacajawea is Shoshone guideSacajawea is Shoshone guide Reach Pacific 1805Reach Pacific 1805

Lewis & Clark map with notations by Meriwether Lewis

Recruitment of Pvt. John Newman at Fort Massac

War of 1812War of 1812 1803 Napoleonic Wars in Europe1803 Napoleonic Wars in Europe French & British warships stopping American French & British warships stopping American

shipsships British seize American sailorsBritish seize American sailors British encouraging Indian attacks on settlers in British encouraging Indian attacks on settlers in

NW territoryNW territory ““War Hawks” in Congress call for warWar Hawks” in Congress call for war War of 1812 (Madison) fought from Canada to War of 1812 (Madison) fought from Canada to

Louisiana & on seasLouisiana & on seas British attack DC & burn White House & British attack DC & burn White House &

CapitolCapitol

Final battle in New Orleans after treaty Final battle in New Orleans after treaty signed (1814)signed (1814)

Andrew Jackson defeats British at the Andrew Jackson defeats British at the battle of New Orleansbattle of New Orleans

National heroNational hero Increase in national prideIncrease in national pride Foreign respect for U.S.Foreign respect for U.S. Increase in American manufacturingIncrease in American manufacturing Less Native American resistanceLess Native American resistance

The War of 1812History Channel Productions