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December 14, 2006Barry WallersteinExecutive Officer, South Coast Air Quality Management District
Pacific Ports ConferenceForging Partnerships
for Clean Air
Key Message:
Regions around the globe, including trading partners, could benefit by coordinating efforts
Absent sufficient international or national standards, we must actat the local level
COMMON AIR QUALITY CHALLENGES
Key Air Pollutants
“Criteria” and Precursor PollutantsParticulate Matter (PM)NOxSOx
Air ToxicsDiesel Particulate
Marine Vessel Air Pollution AffectsPort Cities Around the World
Toxics: Diesel exhaust creates local health impacts
“Criteria Pollutants”– Some U.S. port cities that exceed U.S. PM2.5 and ozone standards:
Chicago, ILHouston / Galveston, TXLos Angeles / Long Beach, CANew York / New JerseyOakland, CAPhiladelphia, PA
Health Consequences of Air Pollution in California
6,500 premature deaths / year2,400 just from goods movement
9,000 hospitalizations / year
1.7 million cases respiratory illness / year
1.3 million school absences / year
2.8 million lost workdays / year
Source: CARB January 2004
Diesel Particulate Matter SourcesCARB Cancer Health Risk Assessments
Roseville Railyard
> 500 in a million
Ports of Los Angeles & Long Beach
> 100 in a million: 1,135,000 persons affected
> 500 in a million: 53,000 persons affected
Local Impacts:Modeled Cancer Risk: All Sources
Breathing Soot
Left: Typical non-rainy wintertime day PM10 sample, Long BeachRight: Blank filter
Draft 2007 AQMP
Federal Attainment Plan
PM2.5Ozone
2007 AQMP:Emission Reductions Needed forPM2.5 and 8-Hour Ozone Attainment*
14%PM2.570%SOx
54%24%VOC50%36%NOx20202014
* From baseline emissions in referenced year
We Can’t Comply with U.S. Clean Air Standards Without Cleaning Up Our Ports
2007 AQMP:Emission Reductions for Port-Related Sources*
57%PM2.597%SOx
75%59%NOx20202014
* From baseline emissions in referenced year
NOx Baseline Emissions and 8-Hour Ozone Preliminary Carrying Capacity (tons per day)
0100200300400500600700800900
1000
2005 2010 2015 2020
Int'l Goods Movement Other
Prelim. Carrying Cap. 238Int’l Goods Movement 126
Comparison of Key NOx Sources(tons/day)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Ships Trains RECLAIM Aircraft
SOx Emissions TrendBy Source Category
PM2.5 Carrying Capacity(19)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
2002 2005 2008 2011 2014 2017 2020
Off-RoadOn-RoadAreaPoint
Diesel Particulates Contribution of Port-Related Sources (PM10) *
0
5
10
15
20
25
2001 2010 2020
tons
per
day
Ports Basin
23% 29%42%
*Assuming ports recent baseline inventories and 2003 AQMP growth and control factors.
Goods Movement Growth 2001-2020
300% increase incargo through L.A./LB ports
170% increase in truck travel
150% increase in rail cargo
San Pedro Bay Ports Clean Air Action Plan
Infrastructure Projects & Bond Funds
Attainment PlansCARB Emission Reduction Plan
2007 SIP / AQMP
U.S. & Internationalstandards?
Momentum for Change
MUTUAL GOALS, ACTIONS, AND BENEFITS
Benefits of Coordinated Efforts
Maximize resources for technology development
Ocean Going Vessels:Example Control Technologies That Could Benefit from Coordinated Efforts
Low-sulfur fuels
Main & auxiliary enginemodifications and after-treatment
Shore power and at-dock control systems
Benefits of Coordinated Efforts (cont.)
Greater certainty for long-termplanning
Benefits of Coordinated Efforts (cont.)
“Expand port facilities to reduce congestion and
increase throughput”“Don’t expand operations that create pollution”
Help resolve local concerns over growth
Benefits of Coordinated Efforts (cont.)
Minimize any potentialcompetitive disadvantages
Leveraging the Power of Cooperationfor Economic AND Air Quality Success
