Forestry-management failure.ppt

8/21/2019 Forestry-management failure.ppt

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Forestry in India

A Story of Management

Failure

Presented by

Smruti(42)

Nirbhay(29)


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What is forestry

Creation, conservation and scientific

management of forests and utilization of

their resources.

protection, perpetuation, menstruation,

management, valuation and finance as

well as utilization of forest products.


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Facts about Indian forest

per capita forest land is only 0.08 hectare

About 200 million is partially or wholly dependent

on forest resources for their livelihoods.

orestry contribute about ! per cent to "#$

%arge&scale industry & pulp and paper & uses

only about !0' of forest raw material, while

about 2(,000 sawmills and a large number ofcottage unit)s process *0'.


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+he unrecorded and partly illegal felling

amounts to more than half of the

commercially harvested timber and

firewood

ecorded forest in -ndia &/.

mha120.'

actual forest cover &(.(mha 1!*.2/'

3nly (8 million ha of forests are well

stoc4ed 1crown density above 50'.


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History of forest management

Ancient -ndian scriptures and literature

mention forest management

scientific study of managed forests andcame with the colonial rule only

+he -ndian orest #epartment was set up

with 6ritish officers in senior positions and

-ndian officers to assist them.


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orest Act of !8/8& control of all reserved

forests including harvesting if timber andrestricting access of the people andlivestoc4 to these forests.

!8*0 almost every province in -ndia had a

permanent forest administration to loo4after the state forests. 7istorically -ndia had forest cover ' -t shrun4 to 50' by the middle of the

century ince -ndia9s independence the figure has

shrun4 to !*' today.


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Causes of forest management

failure

-ndian orest Act !*2/ &restricting

people9s access to :government9 forests

+he orest Act !*2& village communitiesshould in no event be permitted to use

forests at the cost of )national interest).

rights to manage forests were vested withthe state governments till !*/

After that forests put on the concurrent list


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$rior to the orest 1Conservation Act

!*80 the state governments could ta4e

any forest land out of forestry and put toother use such as agriculture, roads, and

habitation settlement.

;ntil !*88, the policy lands used forcommercial purposes


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+rends in orest


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-t created a uniform monoculture of timber

species.

-t escalated commercial felling

C


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1$ect underlined the imperative of

involving the communities in the protection,conservation, management and sharing of naturalresources.

orest $olicy in !*88

hifting the focus from revenue generation toconservation

Answering the subsistence needs of the communities.

+he policy gives higher priority to environmental stabilitythan to earning revenue.

-t discourages monocultures and prefers mi?ed forest +he rights and concessions en>oyed by them should be

fully protected.


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=fm.

share in usufructs


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As on!0.*.200(& 85(2 =< committees

loo4ing after !/.(( million ha of forestlands e?cept


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As on !0.*.200(, appro?imately 8.5 million

families were involved in =< programmeout of which appro?imately 2./ million were+ families.

to support =< programme, @ationalAfforestation $rogramme 1@A$ chemein the $lan i.e., amanvit "ramBani4aran amridhi o>ana 1"B

cheme. implemented through a two&tierdecentralized institutional set&up


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As on (0.!!.2005, ! #A $ro>ects wereoperational in all 28 states at a total costof s.!,(55.2 Corers to treat 8.!( la4hha. through !*,2(5 =


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hifting of forest policies towards

conservation

1980 the Forest (Conservation) Act

to chec! uncontro""ed diversion of forestareas for other #ur#oses$ #articu"ar"y for

agricu"ture and human sett"ement% state govt% cannot dereserve &eserved

Forests or divert forest "ands for nonforest#ur#oses 'ithout the #ermission from I%

*he states cannot no' "ease out forests tothe #rivate entre#reneurs+ Cor#orations noto'ned by government%


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,anagement concern

$< not e?tended to protected areasand well&stoc4ed forests

lac4 of clarity regarding tenure

the e?tent of forestry department controlwithin =< is significant.

village organizations in most states have

no autonomous status and can bedissolved by the forestry department.


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-ome #rovision shou"d ta!e into

consideration

.rovide c"ear #o"icy signa"s to the

forestbased #rivate sector

&emove bott"enec!s to farm forestry

and cut bac! on subsidi/ed su##"y of

ra' materia" to industry

*ac!"e intracommunity ineuity

Incor#orate farm forestry in 'atershed

deve"o#ment #rogrammes


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orest esource


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+o optimize the environmental service

rendered by forests. irst charge on the productivity of the

forests should be of the local people fortheir essential livelihood needs

@ational orest $olicy, !*88 hasemphasized the of preparation of E$

E$

-nfusion of new management practicesbased on forest science. -nfusion of modern technology in


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C5C67-I5

single&use strategies inadeFuate for local

development.

Adopting a contemporary, multiple&use

strategy.

ocusing on generating multiple products


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Thank you

Documents

Forestry-management failure.ppt