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Force and Motion

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Fermilab

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Fermilab

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Physics explains lots of Everyday Stuff too

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Isaac Newton’s Laws of Force and Motion

1. “Objects at rest want to stay at rest. Objects in motion want to stay in motion.”

2. “To change an object’s motion, you must apply a force.”

3. “For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.”

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Inertia∝massIsaac Newton,

physicist, mathematician and aspiring hair model

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Gravity is a Force.It definitely causes motion.

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Galileo’s Law of Falling Objects

“All objects falling because of gravity fall at exactly the same speed, regardless of how heavy or light the objects are.”

Galileo Galilei, physicist and astronomer

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Gravity ∝mass

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Inertia∝mass

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Rotational Motion

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Rotational Motion

The distribution of mass is what matters!

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Conservation of Momentum

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Momentum∝mass AND velocity

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Conservation of Angular Momentum

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Momentum∝mass AND velocity AND radius

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Right-Hand Rule

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What did we learn today?• Newton and Inertia• Moving things stay moving• Stationary things stay stationary• Unless you apply a force

• Galileo and Gravity• Mass doesn’t matter – angle matters

• Rotating objects are different • Shape matters

• Some things don’t change and that’s very useful for understanding • Momentum, angular momentum, and energy

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Fermilab

Come visit us anytime!!

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Extras

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Physics explains things at the very Largest Scales

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Physics explains things at the very

Smallest Scales

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Gravity – angle matters!

doesn’t move

moves slowly

moves faster

moves fastest

G

G

G

G

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Conservation of Energy

Is a bit trickier to see

because ENERGY can take

so many different forms…

Conservation of Energy

• where does the energy come from to:– sail a sailboat?

– grow a plant?

– drive a car?

– a falling ball?

– cook toast?22