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For the People: HiRISE Data

Products Alfred McEwen, Rod Heyd, Sarah

Sutton, Ari Espinosa, Audrey Fennema, Rich Leis, Guy McArthur, Chris Schaller, Matt Chojnacki, Laz

Kestay, Kris Becker, Randy Kirk, Eric Eliason

LPL, University of Arizona; USGS, Flagstaff

HiRISE ESP_014339_0930 South Pole residual CO2 ice cap in mid-summer

PIXELS

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• S/C orbital motion “pushes” sensor projection across ground

• Line integration timing is matched to orbital ground speed (~3.4 km/s)

• 25-32 cm/pixel

• Sensor (linear array of pixels) integrates during motion of single pixel: ~0.0001 second!

• Add 128 lines to build up signal Altitude varies with latitude and topography, ~250-315 km

• 2048 x128 TDI Line Arrays • Color Filters suspended above each detector • Flexible band tuning • Multiple colors

HiRISE FPA 20,000 pixels (non-overlap) in Cross-Track direction

IFOV = 1.0 µrad FOV = 1.15 degrees (20K pixels)

“Swath Width” Sub-satellite (nadir) velocity direction

50 cm aperture, F/24 (HiRISE Optical System)

Color Swath Width

Image Length

Sub-satellite (nadir) velocity

HiRISE “Pushbroom” Imaging High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment Alfred McEwen, Principal Investigator

HiRISE instrument designed and built at Ball Aerospace, Boulder CO, and flown on MRO spacecraft built by Lockheed-Martin in Littleton, CO.

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HiRISE Stereo Data Acquisition • Must point spacecraft to the side on 2 different

orbits • Produce 1-m scale Digital Terrain Models!

Left: DTM of part of Columbia Hills, explored by Spirit rover

Home Plate

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HiRISE Images with color stripe and full-

res sample

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HiRISE at Mars: March 18, 2016

ESP_026412_2035 Impact ejecta in Nili Fossae regi

• 42,214 Mars images returned • 135.6 TB in PDS • 29,474 Giga-pixels

– Covers 2.49% of Martian surface – Covers ~0.5% in color

• >4,598 stereo pairs completed – ~0.4% of Mars covered in stereo – 301 DTMs released to PDS

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HiRISE: The People’s Camera

• Who are The People? – General Public – Mars science community

• HiRISE has broken new ground in serving the science community – Image suggestion site

• /uahirise.org/hiwish – Produce useful high-level data

products – Release of data products to PDS

every month • 1-2 months after acquisition

– Use of JPEG2000 – Release of analysis tools

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>1000 HiRISE Papers! NASA ADS full-text search of refereed papers

end of 2015 with “HiRISE” in main text: 1082 publications

>70% of papers by non-MRO

authors

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HiRISE Data Products

• Raw data (Experiment Data Records or EDRs) • Calibrated and map-projected images (Reduced Data Records

or RDRs) • Digital Terrain Models (DTMs), plus associated products

– Orthoimages – Stereo anaglyphs – Color altimetry and shaded relief – Figure of Merit maps

• “Extra” data products – Nomap images—raw geometry, highest resolution

• Red and color – Merged IRB and RGB map-projected color

• IRB = IR, RED, BG images displayed as R-G-B • RGB = RED, BG, synthetic blue displayed as R-G-B

– Browse images—2048 pixels wide

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• Automated pipelines that work reliably are key to rapid release of data products

• HiRISE pipelines use ISIS

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EDRs and NoMap products

• EDRs are up to 28 narrow image strips (2 per CCD) • NoMap: radiometric cal plus stitch strips into single image in

raw geometry

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See Poster

Thursday evening!

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DTMs released to PDS

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Coregistration data from all nine of the overlapping RED CCD pairs in HiRISE PSP_007124_1765 plotted from before jitter removal (red) and after jitter removal (blue). Sample and line offsets are measured in pixels and plotted against the image time in seconds. Data points are extracted every 50 lines. The high-frequency distortions have been removed by the jitter correction algorithm, except near the very ends of the image. The average offset of each CCD pair is preserved, and is a function of the camera geometry. See McEwen et al., 2010; Sutton et al., paper in preparation.

Correcting Geometric

Distortions from Pointing Jitter

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DTM Mosaics

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• Software tools at /uahirise.org

• HiView—fast

browse/zoom, stretch, and measurements JPEG2000

• PDS_JP2 file conversion

• AutoTriangulation

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Orthoimage Series for Change Detection

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Largest new gully channel

seen

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Campaigns for Landing Sites

Phoenix Mission (2007-2008)

MSL (Curiosity rover) campaign led to selection of Gale crater (2007-2011)

Current campaigns: 2016 ExoMars EDM 2018 InSight lander 2018 (or 2020) ExoMars rover 2020 NASA rover

Future: Human landing sites and exploration

zones TBD

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HiRISE Data Product Wish List

Produce high-quality DTMs for all stereo pairs 4500 vs 300 PDS archival

HiPrecision geometric corrections to all images that need it

Normalized surface color/albedo products

Local mosaics

FFT processing to remove patterned noise Also can sharpen some images

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Summary: HiRISE, The People’s Camera

• MRO and HiRISE may return data for another decade • We should make more and better data products supporting

another 1,000 publications and future landing sites • Remember to smell the DTMs!