Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
The McCartney family has a long history of interest in sustainable food –from Paul’s organic spelt farm to the Linda McCartney vegetarian foodrange – but it was a 2006 United Nations Food and AgricultureOrganization report highlighting the environmental impact of meat eating,Livestock’s Long Shadow, which really drew Paul’s attention to theimportance of making more environmentally and socially conscious food choices.
In 2009, Paul and his daughters, Mary and Stella, launched the Meat FreeMonday campaign to raise awareness of the damaging environmentalimpact of eating meat, and to encourage people to help slow climatechange, conserve precious natural resources and improve their health byhaving at least one meat free day each week.
What Paul says:“We tend to think that whatwe have always done is whatwe always will do in thefuture. I say, ‘How boring isthat?’ Can’t you look at yourlife and go, ‘You know what? Ithink I might fancy a change.’I try to turn people onto thatexcitement. Say, for example,you’ve never done exerciseand then suddenly you think,‘I am going to get a bike. I amgoing to go riding!’ Theminute you do this, you love itand feel good about yourself.Well it’s the same thing withyour food choices: You makethat choice and realise, ‘Wow,this is making a difference forme, the world, for people.’ Ipersuade people that it is areally exciting point in yourlife to say, ‘I’ve done X for allof my life up until now, andnow I am going to do Y. I amgoing to make a change, andlet’s see how it goes’.”
What is MeatFree Monday?
2
Going meat free one day a week isnot a new concept … In the USAduring World War 1 and 2, ‘MeatlessTuesday’ and ‘Wheatless Wednesday’were introduced to encouragefamilies to reduce their consumptionof key foods and help the war effort.
The idea was revived in 2003 byformer ad man turned healthadvocate Sid Lerner who, inassociation with the Johns HopkinsCenter for a Livable Future,introduced Meatless Monday as apublic health campaign.
The health benefits of skipping meatfor one day a week were promoted inAustralia too, but it was the UnitedNations Food and AgricultureOrganization’s Livestock’s LongShadow report that began to openpeople’s eyes to the environmentalimpact of meat and dairy, and sparkedthe growth of a global movement.
From Belgium (DonderdagVeggiedag) to Brazil (Lunes SinCarne), Hungary (Húsmentes Hétfő)to Hong Kong (Green Monday),individuals, schools, hospitals,businesses and restaurants all aroundthe world are experiencing how easyand enjoyable it is to skip meat for atleast one day a week – for theirhealth and the health of the planet.
3
A global movement
What if you had to feed a family of four with a 2350 litre water limit per meal? Your choices might be:
• 1 beef burger pattie = 2350L
• 2 glasses of wine for theadults = 218L
• 2 glasses of orange juice forthe kids = 400L
• 4 veggie burgers in burgerbaps with lettuce, tomato anda squirt of ketchup = 1116L
• An apple, an orange, a peachand a banana for everybody tosnack on = 505L
• 2 litres of drinking water = 2L• And for good measure,
another glass of wine to share = 109L
Total = 2350L7,9
Thankfully we don’t have tostick to a 2350L limit on ourmeals, but you get the idea!
In a world wherenearly 800 million
people are suffering frommalnutrition, one third of allcereal crops, and more than
95 per cent of soya, is turnedinto feed for farmed
animals.10 This could befed to people
instead!
References:1 Gerber PJ et al, Tackling climate change through livestock –
A global assessment of emissions and mitigationopportunities, Food and Agriculture Organization of theUnited Nations, Rome, 2013.
2 Goodland R and Anhang J, Livestock and Climate Change:What if the key actors in climate change were pigs, chickensand cows?, Worldwatch Institute, 2009.
3 Scarborough P et al, Dietary greenhouse gas emissions ofmeateaters, fisheaters, vegetarians and vegans in the UK,Climatic Change, 125, 2014, pp.179192.
4 (a) Swain PS et al, Impact of Ruminants on Global Warming:Indian and Global Context, Climate Change Challenge (3C)and SocialEconomicEcological InterfaceBuilding,Environmental Science and Engineering, 2016, pp. 8397;(b) U.S. Energy Information Administration, online athttps://www.eia.gov/environment/emissions/co2_vol_mass.cfm (accessed 27 July 2016); (c) GreatBritain average fuel consumption 2014, online athttps://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/482686/env0103.xls (accessed 27 July 2016).
5 (a) Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais, PRODES,2015, online at http://www.inpe.br/noticias/noticia.php?Cod_Noticia=4058 (accessed 27 July 2016);(b) Bustamente MMC, et al., Estimating greenhouse gasemissions from cattle raising in Brazil, Climatic Change, 115,2012, pp. 559–577; (c) Laws of the Game 2016/17, TheInternational Football Association Board, 2016, p.20.
6 Steinfeld H et al, Livestock’s Long Shadow: EnvironmentalIssues and Options, Food and Agriculture Organization ofthe United Nations, Rome, 2006, p. xxi.
7 Ercin AE, Aldaya MM and Hoekstra AY, The water footprintof soy milk and soy burger and equivalent animal products,Ecological Indicators, 18, 2012, p.400.
8 Waterwise, online at http://www.waterwise.org.uk/news.php/11/showersvs.bathsfactsfiguresandmisconceptions (accessed 27 July 2016).
9 Water Footprint Network, online athttp://waterfootprint.org/en/resources/interactivetools/productgallery (accessed 27 July 2016).
10 Steinfeld H et al, p.12 and p.43.
There’s no getting around it:Livestock production createsharmful greenhouse gases anddepletes precious resources,including land, water and energy,to increasingly unsustainablelevels. It’s a major contributortowards global environmentaldestruction and climate change.Enjoying a plantbased diet for oneday each week is a simple butsignificant action that everyonecan take to make a difference.
For the planetSkipping meat for one day a week is aneasy way to help tackle climate change
Ath
irdof
alllan
d on
Earth
is usedfor livest
ock production6
14.5%
x30According
to research from theUniversity of Oxford, a
person moving from a diethigh in animal products (100g a
day) to a diet low in animalproducts (50g a day) would save as
much carbon dioxide a year astheir carbon footprint from an
economy return flightbetween London and
New York.3
Livestockproduction is
responsible for 14.5 percent of global greenhouse
gas emissions, according tothe United Nations Food and
Agricultural Organization1,with some scientists
saying the percentageis much higher2.
The averagecow reared for meatcontributes more to
global warming per yearthan a family car driving
9000 miles, five times thedistance from London
to Moscow!4
54
An area ofrainforest the size
of a hundred footballpitches is cut downevery hour to create
room for grazingcattle.5
It can take2350 litres of fresh
water to produce justone 150g beef burger7 –that’s enough water to
fill 30 bathtubs orhave a fivehour
shower8!
Let It Bean
or
Agriculturalintensification and
expansion, andoverfishing, are major
factors in loss of species andbiodiversity. If present trendscontinue, over the next 100years or so there will be a
global mass extinctionof species.
MFM Report 2016_Layout 1 19/09/2016 10:43 Page 4
6
For our healthIt’s never too late tostart eating healthily
According to the World HealthOrganization (WHO), we eatconsiderably more protein than isnecessary or optimal for health –mostly from animal products. Ameatanddairyheavy diet is nowbeing linked to some of the world’sbiggest killer diseases: cancer, heartdisease and stroke.
Ticket to Rice
References:1 Fields, H et al, Is Meat Killing Us?, The Journal of
the American Osteopathic Association, 116, May2016, pp.296300.
2 Micha R, Wallace SK and Mozaffarian D, Red andProcessed Meat Consumption and Risk of IncidentCoronary Heart Disease, Stroke, and DiabetesMellitus: A Systematic Review and MetaAnalysis,Circulation, 121 (21), 2010, pp.22712283.
3 Bouvard V et al, International Agency forResearch on Cancer Monograph Working Group,Carcinogenicity of consumption of red andprocessed meat, The Lancet Oncology, 16 (16),2015, pp.1599–1600.
4 Healthy Planet Eating: How lower meat diets cansave lives and the planet, Friends of the Earth,2010, p.8.
5 McClelland R et al, Accelerated ageing and renaldysfunction links lower socioeconomic status anddietary phosphate intake, Aging, 8 (5), 2016,pp.11351149.
Salt & Pepper’s LettuceHearts Club Band
Because it’s easy…and deliciousFrom high street chains to hautecuisine, restaurants are recognisingthat people want good meat freemeals and will no longer settle for asorrylooking lasagna or salad andchips! You can find great veggieproducts in all major supermarketsand meat free cookbooks are beingpublished all the time.
World cuisine offers a wide varietyof exciting meat free dishesfeaturing delicious dips, curries,coups and salads. Explore Indian,Thai, Vietnamese, Malaysian,Ethiopian, Lebanese andMediterranean.
Due to the overwhelming rise in demand for vegetarian and vegan food, popular high street outlets are increasing their meat free fare and offering an array of plantpacked sandwiches, pizzas, wraps, salads and soups.
Sushi lovers don’t have to go without! Japanese cuisine features plenty of meat and fishfree dishes, ranging from vegetable tempura and tofu steaks to veggie sushi. Edamame (salted soya beans) are a tasty, healthy snack.
If you enjoy cooking at home, use your Meat Free Monday as an opportunity to experiment with different dishes using flavourful spices, seasonings and sauces. Visit meatfreemondays.com for a selection of delicious and creative recipes from top chefs and celebrities.
Check out HappyCow.net, or download the HappyCow app, for a list of restaurants worldwide which have meat free options.
7
As little as 50gof processed meat a
day (the equivalent ofone sausage or two baconrashers) increases the riskof coronary heart disease
by 42% and diabetesby 19%.2
Eatingless meat,
and more fruitand veg, canboost yourlifespan.1
Highphosphate
levels, caused byheavy meat eating,
can increase thebiological age of
your body.5
A report for theWHO’s International
Agency for Research onCancer categorised curedand processed meat as aGroup 1 carcinogen – on
a par with cigarettesand tobacco.3
Eatingmeat no more
than three times aweek could prevent
31,000 deaths from heartdisease, 9,000 deaths from
cancer and 5,000 deathsfrom stroke, as well as save
the NHS £1.2 billion incosts each year.4
Phot
o ©
Vib
rant
&Pu
re W
elln
ess
And there are somany options!
8
Wondering why someone goingmeat free on a Monday might wanta meat replacement? It’s simple!
… A lot of us like the taste of meat,but we want to have a kinderfootprint on the planet. We reallycan have our cake and eat it!
Soya or wheatbased meat‘substitutes’ including tofu, tempehand seitan may sound exotic or evendaunting, but they are packed full ofnutrients, and are delicious whenmarinated or sautéed and integratedinto your favourite meals.
Check out the wide variety of mockmeats available in health food shops,supermarkets, and Asian grocerystores, including veggie ‘mince’,‘chicken’ nuggets, ‘ham’ and ‘turkey’slices, roast ‘beef’, veggie ‘haggis’,fishless fingers and much more!
Havea meat free BBQ!Vegetable kebabs,
meatless burgers, ‘sausages’and ‘hotdogs’ taste great on a
grill. The key is not to overcookthem: you only need to heat themup for a few minutes. Try basting
veggie burgers with BBQsauce before cooking, to
keep them moist andto add flavour.
Janaina Fernandes Favato set out tocook all 312 recipes in The Meat FreeMonday Cookbook. Missionaccomplished – meals demolished!
Janaina Fernandes Favato started thechallenge in December 2014 in herhome city of São Paulo, Brazil, andcompleted it in January 2016. Shesays organising her life and mealsaround the cookbook – a present fromher husband – opened a new horizonin her life and there wasn’t a weekthat she completely disliked.
As well as developing her culinaryskills, she has become far more creative in the kitchen andreceptive to flavour combinations she might otherwisenot have encountered. She says working through the 312meat free recipes one by one has been lifechanging interms of how she and her husband eat.
“Now we buy our groceriesaccording to the season, allorganic, and eat less dairy. Wedon't need it in bigquantities. It isn't so healthyfor you and your body canfind the nutrients itprovides in other foods,”she says. The challengeinspired thousands of peoplein their own bid to cut downon their meat intake and eatmore healthily: 100,000 peoplemade contact with Janaina onFacebook, almost 2,500 viewed theweekly posts on her blog and manyothers joined MFM as a result.
“We loved to discover dishes fromall around the world, to makerecipes that we weren't used to,” shesays of the challenge. “It was alearning experience, fun and delicious,but hard sometimes. I kept my purpose,though, and completed the challenge.” Herfavourite recipes included Fried Bananas with Pecans andMaple Syrup (spring), Mexican Bean Salad (summer), SplitPea Dhal and Cauliflower Curry (autumn) and Pappardellewith Cavalo Nero (winter).
The awardwinning Meat Free MondayCookbook, published by Kyle Booksand now available in paperback, isdivided according to the seasons andcontains 312 recipes covering everyMonday mealtime of the year:breakfast, lunch and dinner. Janainaserved up her dishes on Sundays to
friends and family, blogging about her efforts – successfuland otherwise! – on Fridays.
Spring proved to be the best season, with plenty of freshproduce available and some delicious salads tocomplement the hot Brazilian days. Janaina, who bought
her food from an organic street market, says cookingwith so many vegetables was an education in itself, in
terms of learning about food systems and how theworld could be eating.
“You start to think about wherevegetables come from, how difficult
it was to bring the food to yourtable. It gives you a special
feeling, eating so manyvegetables, thecombinations, the flavours ...We felt more alive as well asmore responsible.”
The purpose of the challengewas to inspire other people to
work towards a future whereless meat is eaten, she says,
“where the animals, planet andpeople are respected and live in balance. I
cooked 312 recipes but there are infinite possibilities– you just have to look at the world in a new way.”
“When you see how disciplined you become; howcreatively you can cook; how much you open your mind tousing different ingredients; the abundant offerings ofnature, you realise you do not need as much meat as you think.”
A year of MFM: Supporter completes cookingchallenge!
Eight Days a LeekFrom Me Tofu
Photo © Mary McCartney
Phot
o ©
Sga
ia F
oods
9
“Meat Free Mondays is a greatidea. But if Mr McCartney and
co try to initiate Chocolate FreeTuesdays I shall leave Britain.”
Matt Lucas
"It is not something you wouldexpect a French chef to say, butyou do not need meat to make
an excellent dish that isexciting and full of flavour. I
passionately believe thatvegetables can be the star of
the show". Bruno Loubet
“I believe meat has so many toxinsin it that your body never really
manages to get rid of them. Peoplebelieve that you have to haveprotein and bulk to give you
energy, but fruit and vegetablesare full of health. Your body
processes these efficiently so theydo the maximum good for you. Youfeel so well, light, supple, and full
of energy.” Vivienne Westwood
“The good thing about MeatFree Monday is that it takes little
effort – you simply don’t eatmeat on Mondays. The greaternumber of people who supportthis, the greater the impact on
the planet!” Lauren Laverne
10
“We all want to do ourbit to help preserve
the planet for futuregenerations and MeatFree Monday makes itso simple and easy to
do that!”
Emma Thompson
With a Little KelpFrom My Friends
“Having one designatedmeat free day each weekis an easy way to help
protect the planet.There’s nothing to loseby supporting Meat FreeMonday but a great deal
to gain.”
Kevin Spacey
“Taking part in Meat FreeMonday is a great way toimprove our own health as
well as the health ofthe planet.”
Twiggy
“Meat Free Monday is the mostbrilliant excuse to focus on theincredible variety of veggies out
there – the flavours, textures andwonderful dishes you can create
are beyond belief. So here’s to MeatFree Monday and frankly, meat
free Wednesdays too.”
Jamie Oliver
“Just see how easy it will be not to eatmeat for one day a week. Just think
how the world will benefit from fewertrees being cut to make way for
grazing animals. Just imagine howmany lives, both animal and human
you will help to save: and join the fabPaul McCartney and millions more,including me, in making Monday a
Meat Free day.”Joanna Lumley
11
“By followingMeat Free Monday,
you not only help theplanet but also eat in amore compassionate andhealth conscious way.”
Leona Lewis
One day a week can make a world of difference
Meat Free Monday, 1 Soho Square, London W1D 3BQ • www.meatfreemondays.com • [email protected]
Follow MFM on
supportmfm@meatfreemonday @meatfreemonday Meat Free Monday
The Meat Free Monday Foundation is established under the Charities Aid Foundation (registered charity number 268369)
MFM Report 2016_Layout 1 14/09/2016 14:07 Page 12
