FOOTPRINTS OF FREEDOMElementary UCI History Project Fall 2012

Agenda September 20

Model lesson for reading and writing Slavery in the colonial period

Developing a teacher question aligned to the Common Core

Lesson Study planning time

How do you teach about slavery in the colonial era?

5.4 Students understand the political, religious, social, and economic institutions that evolved in the colonial era. Describe the introduction of slavery

into America, the responses of slave families to their condition, the ongoing struggle between proponents and opponents of slavery, and the gradual institutionalization of slavery in the South.

Change over time Reading and Writing

How do you teach about change over time?

What historical content topics have you explicitly covered with the concept of change over time this year?

Setting the purpose Setting a purpose for reading and writing

allows students to focus on the task at hand.

Teachers can use the purpose to guide instruction and selection of primary sources

Often historical texts are written in challenging language with a purpose teachers can excerpt to support students

Labor in America Setting the stage—provide some context for the

reading Setting a purpose for reading

Today we will look at work, or labor, in colonial America and consider how African Americans and work changed over time. Our focus question for this reading is to consider:

What work were indentured servants expected to do? What benefits did they receive from indenture? Were white, Native American, and black women

treated differently?

Context: Setting the stage How do you define “context” for your students? What types of activities do you engage in to

provide context? 6 C’s: What was going on in the world, the

country, the region, or the locality when this was created?

Lesh: What was going on during the time period? What background information do you have that helps explain the information from the source?

Stanford History Education Group: Imagining the setting

Slavery emerges in America Interactive timeline Maps Slave trade in the Americas Discovery Education, “Slaves in

America” What are the big ideas you share with

your students? What are big moments or trends?

Describing slavery Argumentative question for slaveryWhat was the most important change for African Americans in the colonial period? Explanatory question for explorationHow did African Americans lives change over time during the colonial era? What categories do you provide students

with (time period, location, type of labor)?

Common Core for Writing in History

Write opinion pieces on topics or texts, supporting a point of view with reasons and information.a. Introduce a topic or text clearly, state an opinion, and create an organizational structure in which ideas are logically grouped to support the writer’s purpose.b. Provide logically ordered reasons that are supported by facts and details.c. Link opinion and reasons using words, phrases, and clauses (e.g., consequently, specifically).d. Provide a concluding statement or sectionrelated to the opinion presented.

Write informative/explanatory texts to examine a topic and convey ideas and information clearly.a. Introduce a topic clearly, provide a general observation and focus, and group related information logically; include formatting (e.g., headings), illustrations, and multimedia when useful to aiding comprehension.b. Develop the topic with facts, definitions,concrete details, quotations, or otherinformation and examples related to the topic.c. Link ideas within and across categories ofinformation using words, phrases, and clauses (e.g., in contrast, especially).d. Use precise language and domain-specificvocabulary to inform about or explain thetopic.e. Provide a concluding statement or sectionrelated to the information or explanationpresented.

Common Core for Reading in History

Use multiple sources: primary and secondary

Analyze the arguments and claims in each source

Read multiple sources to corroborate claims

In small groups, examine a source

What do these tell us about slavery in the colonial period?

Develop a mini-thesis

Timeline Move sources in chronological order Consider what each image says about

slavery in the AmericasHow did African Americans lives change over time during the colonial era?

Explanatory writing1. Topic Sentence describing slavery in colonial America2. Include concrete examples of slavery from 3 sources

1. Source __ describes slavery in America as… This is important because…2. Source __ describes slavery in America as… This is important because…3. Source __ describes slavery in America as… This is important because…

3. Describe how African Americans lives changed over time in colonial America (How did their status as free or unfree change? How did the type of work they did as slaves change over time or location? )

4. In conclusion, as a result of legislation and labor expectations African Americans in colonial America became increasingly unfree.

Extension Activity Where in Africa did slaves come from? http://www.inmotionaame.org/migrations

/topic.cfm?migration=1&topic=7&tab=image

Break

Lesson Study: The Big Picture

Lesson Study: Focuses on steady, long term, instructional

improvement Maintains a constant focus on student learning Focuses on the improvement of teaching in

context Is collaborative

From Stigler and Hiebert, “The Teaching Gap”

Knowledge Development and Use through Lesson Study

1. STUDYConsider long term goals for

student learning and development

Study curriculum and standards

2. PLANSelect or revise research lesson

Do task

Anticipate student responses

Plan data collection and lesson

3. DO RESEARCH LESSONConduct research lesson

Collect data

4. REFLECTShare data

What was learned about student learning, lesson design, this

content?

What are implications for future teaching, for the field?

What Makes a Good Teacher Question?What Questions are Worth Investigating?The Big Picture:

Is there a gap between where students are – in terms of historical knowledge, academic skills, and personal qualities - and where you want them to be when they leave your class?

"How do you move students from where they are to where you want them to be?

"How can this lesson help accomplish that goal?”

What Makes a Good Teacher Question?What Questions are Worth Investigating?

Some criteria for a good teacher question include:

1) It leads to an investigation of an instructional question you don't know the answer to

2) It leads to an examination of whether some instructional assumptions and practices are effective, or how they might be made more effective.

3) It has both theoretical and practical implications.

4) It leads to an investigation of an instructional issue, idea, or strategy you've struggled with. Its answer is important to you and your students.

5) It has the potential to identify and generate enough evidence to develop an answer.

Teacher Question Focus: Suggested Questions Can/do primary sources help students learn change over

time? Does analyzing primary sources help students understand

the importance of context related events/people/eras? Does citation allow students to understand point of view? Does close reading of texts (texts/subtexts) allow

students to understand point of view? What scaffolds can we use to get students to read the

text? What scaffolds best support students to develop

argumentative or explanatory writing? E.g. historical context, 6 C’s, primary source analysis tool, outlines, thesis lessons, graphic organizers.

Connecting Data Sources and the Research Questions – An Example

Student Question: What were the causes of American expansion in the Pacific?

Teacher Question:Does a focus on close reading of primary sources (using the concepts of text and subtext) allow students to identify and explain multiple causes and points of view?

Lesson Study Share Out Lesson topics and date Student learning objectives Teacher question Common Core connection

Lesson Study Planning Collaborate with your colleagues to

create a lesson for your fall lesson study. Be ready to share out where you are this

afternoon at 11:30