FOOTHILL HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT Chapter 3 The Biosphere Section 3 – 2 Energy Flow

FOOTHILL HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT

Chapter 3 The Biosphere

Section 3 – 2Section 3 – 2

Energy FlowEnergy Flow


Energy Flow

•Energy flows through Energy flows through EcosystemsEcosystems–ProducersProducers–ConsumersConsumers


Producers

Key Concept:Key Concept:– SunlightSunlight is the is the

main source of main source of energy for energy for mostmost life on earth.life on earth.


Producers

Key Concept:Key Concept:– Some organisms rely on energy Some organisms rely on energy

stored in inorganic chemical stored in inorganic chemical compoundscompounds


Autotrophs

An Autotroph Is Any An Autotroph Is Any Organism That Can Organism That Can

Produce Its Own Food Produce Its Own Food Supply!Supply!


Autotrophs = Producer

AKAAKAAAlsolso K Knownnown A Ass

PRODUCERPRODUCERcaptures energy and transforms it into captures energy and transforms it into

organic, stored energy for the use of organic, stored energy for the use of living organisms.living organisms.


Photoautotroph

Producer That Captures Energy from Producer That Captures Energy from the sun by:the sun by:

– PhotosynthesisPhotosynthesis•Adds Oxygen to the Adds Oxygen to the atmosphereatmosphere

•Removes Carbon Dioxide Removes Carbon Dioxide from the Atmospherefrom the Atmosphere


•On LandOn Land– PlantsPlants

• In The SeaIn The Sea– AlgaeAlgae

•Tidal Flats & Salt MarshesTidal Flats & Salt Marshes– CyanobacteriaCyanobacteria

Photoautotroph


Chemoautotroph

• Capture energy from Capture energy from the bonds of the bonds of inorganic moleculesinorganic molecules– Hydrogen SulfideHydrogen Sulfide– The Process Is The Process Is

Called: Called: ChemosynthesisChemosynthesis


Black Smoker


Autotrophs

Know the difference Know the difference between between

PhotosynthesisPhotosynthesis

& &

ChemosynthesisChemosynthesis


Consumers

THAT’STHAT’S

YOUYOU


Consumers

You are aYou are aHETEROTROPHHETEROTROPH


Consumers

Heterotrophs eat other organisms Heterotrophs eat other organisms to obtain energy.to obtain energy.

•HerbivoresHerbivores– Eat Only PlantsEat Only Plants

•CarnivoresCarnivores– Eat Only Other AnimalsEat Only Other Animals


Consumers

Heterotrophs eat other organisms Heterotrophs eat other organisms to obtain energy.to obtain energy.

• OmnivoresOmnivores (That’s You)(That’s You)

– Eat Plants & AnimalsEat Plants & Animals• DetritivoresDetritivores

– Feed On Dead Plant & Animal RemainsFeed On Dead Plant & Animal Remains• DecomposersDecomposers

– Fungi & BacteriaFungi & Bacteria


Feeding Relationships

Key Concept:Key Concept:

Energy flows through an Energy flows through an ecosystem in ecosystem in oneone direction direction

from producers to various from producers to various levels of consumerslevels of consumers


Feeding Relationships

• Food ChainFood Chain– Simple Energy path through an Simple Energy path through an

ecosystemecosystem– Pg. 69Pg. 69

• Food WebFood Web– More realistic path through an More realistic path through an

ecosystemecosystem


Food Chain


Food Web


Trophic Levels

Each Level In A Food Chain or Each Level In A Food Chain or Food Web is a Food Web is a Trophic LevelTrophic Level..

• ProducersProducers– Always The First Trophic LevelAlways The First Trophic Level– How Energy Enters The SystemHow Energy Enters The System

• HerbivoresHerbivores– Second Trophic LevelSecond Trophic Level


Trophic Levels

Each Level In A Food Chain or Food Each Level In A Food Chain or Food Web is a Web is a Trophic LevelTrophic Level..

• Carnivores/OmnivoresCarnivores/Omnivores– Make Up The Remaining Trophic LevelsMake Up The Remaining Trophic Levels

Each level depends on the one Each level depends on the one below it for energy.below it for energy.


Food Chain





Ecological Pyramids

Graphic Representations Of The Graphic Representations Of The Relative Amounts of Energy or Relative Amounts of Energy or Matter At Each Trophic LevelMatter At Each Trophic Level

Energy PyramidEnergy Pyramid

Biomass PyramidBiomass Pyramid

Pyramid of NumbersPyramid of Numbers


Energy Pyramid


Biomass Pyramid


Pyramid of Numbers

Documents

FOOTHILL HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT Chapter 3 The Biosphere Section 3 – 2 Energy Flow