Foods & Nutrition

Unit 2—The Food Consumer

2.1—(17) Terms

• Work Simplification• Caterer • FDA• Consumer Advocate• USDA• Nutrition Labeling• Pre Preparation• Open Dating

• Budget• Meal Manager• Semi Prepared Foods• Multi Tasking• Food Scientist• Entrepreneur • Pre-cycling• Dietician• Conservation

1.

• Orderly program for spending, saving, & investing the money you earn to achieve desired goals—also called a financial plan or spending plan--

1.

• Budget

2.

• Someone who owns a business in which food & beverages are prepared for small & large parties, banquets, weddings & other large gatherings--

2.

• Caterer

3.

• Protecting the environment & natural resources against waste & harm--

3.

• Conservation

4.

• Someone who acts or intercedes on the behalf of another who buys goods & services--

4.

• Consumer Advocate

5.

• A health care professional who has training in nutrition & diet planning--

5.

• Dietician

6.

• A person who owns & runs his or her own business--

6.

• Entrepreneur

7.

• An agency in charge of ensuring the safety of all foods sold except meat, poultry & seafood--

7.

• FDA

• Food & Drug Administration

8.

• Experts who work with the sources of nutrients for living things--

8.

• Food Scientist

9.

• Someone who controls & directs resources to get a meal prepared efficiently & on time; could also be called a Food Service Manager--

9.

• Meal Manager

10.

• Fitting tasks together to make the best use of time; doing 2 tasks at the same time--

10.

• Multi Tasking

11.

• An analysis of a food product’s contributions to an average diet that appears on the product packaging--

11.

• Nutrition labeling

12.

• A system of putting dates on perishable & semi-perishable foods to help consumers obtain products that are fresh & wholesome--

12.

• Open Dating

13.

• Thinking about how packaging materials can be reused or recycled before buying a product--

13.

• Pre-cycling

14.

• Any step done in advance to save time when getting a meal ready--

14.

• Pre Preparation

15.

• A convenience food that still requires some preparation before being served--

15.

• Semi Prepared Foods

16.

• An agency that monitors the safety & quality of poultry, eggs, & meat products--

16.

• USDA

• U. S. Department of Agriculture

17.

• Doing a job in the easiest, simplest & quickest way possible--

17.

• Work Simplification

2.2

• Identify resources to consider in planning meals—

• Money• Energy• Preparation Skills• Kitchen Equipment

• Time• Food Choices• Food Availability • Available Technology

2.2.1

• Plan menus for low/high income families using the following resources, but not limited to—

• Time• Energy• Food Choices

• Money• Preparatory Skills• Availability• Equipment• Available Technology

2.3

• List considerations in appealing & nutritious meals—

• 1. Choose the main dish• 2. Select the grain food• 3. Select 1 or 2 Vegetables as “sides”• 4. Choose a salad or fruit• 5. Select a dessert (low in sugar)• 6. Plan a beverage (milk is best)

Main Dish

• Usually Meat

Grain Item

• Rice-Oats-Pasta

Vegetable Sides

• Corn, Peas, Cauliflower, Carrots

Salad or Fruit

• Salad Fruit

Dessert

• Chocolate Cake

Beverage

• Garnish with citrus slices

2.3.1

• Plan menus for family meals using meal pattern guidelines using the following considerations, but not limited to:

• Color—Vary food colors on the plate

• Shape & Size—Vary • Flavor--Vary• Aroma• Texture—some smooth &

some rough

• Temperature—some cold & some hot

• Dietary Guidelines

Dietary Guidelines for Americans

• 1. Aim for healthy weight—regular exercise, sensible food choices (overweight is linked to high blood pressure, heart disease, stroke, diabetes)

• 2. Be physically active every day—move the body 30-60 minutes a day (easier to lose weight)

• 3. Let the Food Guide Pyramid guide food choices (MyPyramid.gov)—no one food can supply all the nutrients in the amounts you need (choose a variety of foods to eat daily)

Dietary Guidelines for Americans

• 4. Choose a variety of grains—whole grains are best (wheat, rice oats)—protects against chronic diseases, low in fat, high in fiber

• 5. Choose a variety of fruits & vegetables daily—provide essential vitamins, minerals, fiber—rich in nutrients

• 6. Keep food safe to eat—free from bacteria, virus, parasites & chemical contaminants

Dietary Guidelines for Americans

• 7. Choose a diet low in saturated fat, cholesterol & moderate in total fat—linked to heart disease, stroke, obesity—only 30% of daily calories should come from fat—no more than 10% of daily calories should come from saturated fats.

• 8. Choose beverages & food to moderate your intake of sugars—refined, white, granulated sugar—bad for you—brown sugar, honey, molasses, table syrups, soft drinks, desserts, candy, jelly—high in sugar & calories (no nutrients)—contribute to overweight & tooth decay

Dietary Guidelines for Americans

• 9. Choose & prepare foods with less salt—linked to high blood pressure—comes from processed foods & beverages—limit adding salt to the table & during cooking

• 10. If you drink alcoholic beverages—supplies only calories—harmful to teeth & organs—causes accidents—leads to addiction—Cirrhosis of Liver—inflammation of Pancreas—illegal if under age.

2.4

• Describe shopping strategies for making informed food purchases—

• High income families spend 12% on food

• Middle income spend 20% on food

• Low income spend 50% on food

Shopping for Food-

• Read labels—know what you are buying• Compare brands—select one that meets

your needs• Compare prices—on a cost per serving

basis• Buy “in season”—fresh, high quality• Take advantage of advertised specials• Compare costs of different forms of same

food (canned, fresh, frozen)

Shopping for Food-

• Prepare foods from “scratch”—convenience foods cost double & have “processed” ingredients

• Use nonfat dry milk & “real” ingredients (butter instead of margarine)

• Plan meals that focus on plant foods—cost less & are better for you

• Resist impulse purchases

Shopping for Food-

• Write a shopping list & stick to it—list items found together in the same area of store to save effort

• Use coupons on double days—check Sunday newspapers, flyers found in store & on-line

• Never shop hungry• Shop when store is not crowded• Shop by yourself

2.4.1

• List information on food labels required by law—

• Common name & form of the food• Volume & weight of contents (including

liquids)• Name & address of manufacturer, packer,

distributor• List of ingredients in descending order

according to weight

2.4.2

• Analyze data on nutritional fact panel—on the product label:

• Nutrients found in each serving

• Label must list the amount of nutrients, serving size, serving per container, % Daily Values for 2000 calorie diet

2.4.3

• Contrast the variety between food shops• Supermarkets-food & nonfood items, delis,

bakeries, pharmacy & banking• Discount supermarkets—sell large

quantities at reduced prices—may not sell fresh meat or produce

• 24-hour convenience stores—expensive• Specialty stores—carry only one specific

type of product

Types of Food Stores-

• Co-ops—Owned & operated by groups of consumers

• Farmers markets—sell food directly from farm to consumer

• Roadside stands—open during growing season—a good idea for fresh produce

2.4.4

• Compare/Contrast generic, store brand & name brand—

• Generic—Plain package—less expensive

• Store Brand—Produced for chain of stores

• Name Brand—Products sold across the country

2.4.5

• List ways a consumer can reduce waste by recycling & pre-cycling—

• Reduce waste for landfills

• Make new products from recycled materials

• Paper, plastic, glass & metal is usually recycled

•

Pre-cycling

• Thinking about how packaging materials can be reused or recycled before you buy a product

• (Buy a glass container because it could be recycled)

2.4.6

• List benefits of preparing a shopping list—• Can help you save time• Avoid extra trips for forgotten items• Stick to your food budget• Keep a list handy in kitchen to jot down needed

items• Review weekly menus for needed ingredients• Check staples you keep on hand to make foods

from scratch (flour, sugar, spices, milk)• Organize list in categories: produce, dairy,

meat, frozen foods to save steps in store

2.4.7

• Discuss product codes found on packaging such as UPC & open dating—

• UPC—Universal product code—series of lines, bars & numbers that appear on packages of food & nonfood items

• Foods are scanned by cashier & prints a description of items & their prices on customer’s receipt

Open Dating

• Many products have dates printed on their labeling

• Uses dates consumers can clearly recognize on perishable & semi-perishable foods

• It helps you obtain fresh products

• Helps you know which product to use first

Manufacturers used 4 Types of Dates:

• 1. Pack Date—day a food was manufactured or packaged—tells you how old the food is

• 2. Pull or Sell Date—last day a store should sell a product

• 3. Expiration Date—last day a consumer should use or eat a food

• 4. Freshness Date—found on bakery products like bread

2.4.8

• Compute the unit price of a product—

• Listing of a product’s cost per standard unit, weight, or measure

• Examples: cost per dozen, pound, or quart

• Appear with selling prices on shelf tags underneath the products to which the prices refer

2.5

• Name government agencies that regulate food safety—

• Government has a large impact on the food supply

• Laws govern the way foods are grown, processed, packaged & labeled

• Government prices affect foods exported to & imported from other countries

2 key federal agencies for food safety:

• 1. U.S. Dept of Agriculture (USDA)—• Enforces standards for the quality of meat,

poultry & eggs• 2. Food & Drug Administration (FDA)—• Ensures the safety of all other foods• Inspects food processing plants• Responsible for only foods shipped across state

lines• *Foods sold within the state in which they are

produced are controlled by state agencies

2.5.1

• Research current FDA & USDA guidelines—

• *Assignment