Food Movement VocabularyEssential Question:How does energy move through a system?

Vocabulary Mapping

Food Chain

Definition

2Non-

examples

4Examples

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The sequence of who eats whom

in a biological community.

A food chain shows how animals

are connected in their search for food

within an ecosystem.

A _____________shows how each living organism gets its food.

Examples: Non-examples:

• Human• Frog• Cat• Ladybug• Food Web• Sitting down to eat

dinner

FOOD CHAIN

A food chain shows how each living thing gets food, and how nutrients and energy are passed from creature to creature.Food chains begin with plant-life, and end with animal-life. Some animals eat plants, some animals eat other animals.

One path of energy.

Vocabulary Mapping

Food Web

Definition

2Non-

examples

4Examples

Sentence

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The network of

all the interrelated food chains

in a biological

community.

Food Web

A _______________shows how the sun’senergy moves from plants to animalsto other animals and ends with decomposers.

Examples:

• grassland• marine• desert• Tropical

rainforest• arctic• aquatic

Non-examples:

• Grass—grasshopper—rat—snake—hawk

• Algae—mosquito larva—dragonfly larva—fish—raccoon

• Phytoplankton—zooplankton—fish—seal—white shark

FOOD WEBEverything is connected.

Two page Vocabulary Map TOP

-troph

autotroph

2Non-

examples

4Examples Definition

Colored Picture

-trop:

Two page Vocabulary Map bottom

Sentence

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An Autotroph is an organism that makes its food from light or chemical energy without eating it; also called primary producers.

Autotroph

An ______________ is a living thing that makes its own food from sunlight, air, and soil. Green plants are producers who make food in their leaves.

auto- “self”;-troph “an organism with nutritional requirements”

Autotroph

Examples:• plants on land• algae in water• bacteria

Non-examples:• animals• fungi

hetero- “different”; “other”-troph “an organism with nutritional requirements”

Heterotroph An organism that gets its energy by

eating other organisms.

All animals are called consumers; they need to consume (eat) plants and/or animals; they are also known as _______________.

Heterotrophs are unable to make their own food; they are the consumer in the food chain. They must take food from other sources to survive.

Heterotroph Examples:• Herbivore: a green sea

turtle eats sea grasses and algae

• Carnivore: a tiger eats a monkey

• Omnivore: a human eats steak and vegetables

Non-examples:• Plants that use

photosynthesis such as: algae and phytoplankton

• Venus-fly trap• bacteria

An organism that eats plants.Herbivore

herb- plant-vore: eater

A deer eats grass and plants found in its habitat. Since the deer eats only plants, it is a __________.

Non examples:• Meat eaters such

as: tigers, sharks, bears, and hawks.

• Autotrophs-make their own food; plants, algae, and bacteria.

Herbivores are animals which only eat plant material. This means leaves, flowers, fruits or even wood.

Sheep, horses, rabbits and snails are well known examples of herbivores which eat grass and leaves.

An organism that eats meat.Carnivore

carn-flesh or meat-vore: eater

A leopard seal eats fish and penguins. It never eats plants. Since the leopard seal eats only meat, it is a _______________.

Examples:• Carnivores generally

eat herbivores and other carnivores.

• Bobcats, wolves, hawks, snakes, frogs and spiders.

Non-examples:• Veggie eaters such as:

rabbits, hamsters, mice and deer. They only eat leaves, flowers, fruits, and wood and do not eat any other animals.

• Autotrophs—make their own food; plants, algae, and bacteria.

An organism that eats both

plants and meat.

Omnivoreomni- all or everything-vore: eater

A raccoon eats other animals like crayfish, as well as plant life. Since the raccoon eats both plants and animals it is an ______________.

Examples:• Omnivores eat both

plants and meat. • Chickens are omnivores.

They eat seeds, but they can also eat worms.

• Human beings are also omnivores, although some people choose not to eat meat. These people are called vegetarians.

Non-examples:Herbivore: (plant eater) mice, hamster, and horse

Carnivore: (meat eater) coyote, owl, and frog Autotroph: (makes it’s own food) plants, algae, and bacteria

A meat-eater that eats autotrophs.

Primary Consumer

An example of a ________________is a rabbit that eats grass.

A meat-eater that eats primary consumers

Secondary Consumer

An example of a _____________________is a snake that eats rabbits.

A meat-eater that eats secondary consumers.

An example of a _______________ is an owl that eats snakes.

Tertiary Consumer

A meat-eater that eats tertiary consumers

An example of a _______________ is a wolf that eats an owl.

Quaternary Consumer

An organism that breaks down dead organisms.

A _________________ is a living thing that gets energy by breaking down dead plants and animals. Fungi and bacteria are the most common decomposers.

Decomposer

Examples:

• Decomposers and scavengers break down dead plants and animals. They also break down the waste (poop) of other organisms.

• Scavengers are animals that find dead animals or plants and eat them. While they eat them, they break them into small bits.

• Flies, wasps and cockroaches are scavengers. Earthworms are also scavengers, but they only break down plants.

Non-examples:• Herbivore: (plant

eater) rabbit, deer, and cow

• Carnivore: (meat eater) human, seal, and alligator

• Omnivore: (both plants and meat eater) bear, raccoon, and monkey

• Autotroph: (makes it’s own food) plants, algae, and bacteria