AHO 03.02.2012

THE TOP 7 EXPORT COUNTRIES OF MINERALS

12 3 4 5 6 7NO.

COAL IRON COPPER ZINC GOLD ALUMINIUM SILVER URANIUM CHROMIUM NICKEL REE PLATINUM

EXPORT DEFINITION:

“ship the goods and ser-­vices out of the port of a country. In international trade “export”refers to sell ing goods and ser-­vices produced in home country to other mar-­kets”

This i l lustrates the trends of the top 7 exporting countries worldwide. Australia comes out on top with Canada close behind. According to world trade organization, worldwide mineral export has grown rapidly over the years. For example; the volume grew by 4.1 % annually from 1950-­ 2003.

source: www.indexmundi.com, , www.usgs.gov, www.mbendi.com, www.thebusinessofmining.com, www.infomine.com

TOP SELLERS

THE TOP 7 IMPORT COUNTRIES OF MINERALS

12 3 4 5 6 7NO.

COAL IRON COPPER ZINC GOLD ALUMINIUM SILVER URANIUM CHROMIUM NICKEL REE PLATINUM

IMPORT DEFINITION:

“To bring in the goods and services into the port of a country. An import is any good or service brought in from one country to another coun-­try in legitimate fashion”

Usa and China are number ones on importing. Europe is close behind.

There is a visible tendency for less developed countries from southern hemisphere to almost not take part in import of minerals.

source: www.indexmundi.com, , www.usgs.gov, www.mbendi.com, www.thebusinessofmining.com, www.infomine.com

TOP SELLERS THE HUNGER

JAPAN/PACIFIC OCEAN EUROPE NORTH & SOUTH AMERICA

PORT OF VLADIVOSTOK

PORT OF BUSAN

PORT OF KOBEPORT OF SHANGHAI

PORT OF HONG KONG

PORT OF YANGON

PORT OF KOLKATA

PORT OF TANJUNG PRIOK

PORT OF PERTH PORT OF NEWCASTLE

PORT OF BERGEN PORT OF PETERSBURG

PORT OF ROTTERDAM

PORT OF DOVER

PORT OF LISBON PORT OF HAIDAR PASH

PORT OF JEBEL ALI

PORT OF KAMSAR

PORT OF CAPE TOWN

PORT OF VANCOVER

PORT OF HOUSTONPORT OF LOS ANGELES

PORT OF MANZILLO

PORT OF COLON

PORT OF COLOMBIA

PORT OF VENEZUELA

PORT OF PERU

PORT OF CHILE

PORT OF BUENOS AIRES

Shipping routes reflect world trade flows. In this case mineral shipping across the globe. Busiest port in the world is Shanghai, China with 561.1 million tonnes of cargo enter-­ing. Rotterdam is the busiest port in Europe with an annual shipping tonnage of 401.1 million tonnes cargo and Port of Vancouver is the largest port on the west coast of North America with 76,5 million metric tonnes cargo entering.

We might see changes in these flow patterns of cargo if the Artic ice meltdown opens up for new and shorter connections between West & East.

source: www.infranetlab.org

WORLDWIDE MINERAL SHIPPING ROUTES

NORTH & SOUTH AMERICA

EXPORT WEIGHTCOMPARISON

Comparison of the top 7 exporters worldwide to give an impression of the differences in weight and scale

source: www.indexmundi.com, , www.usgs.gov, www.mbendi.com, www.thebusinessofmining.com, www.infomine.comsource: www.infranetlab.org

Average weight of a human: 70 kg

298 tonnes COAL 4 257 people

205 000 000 000 tonnes IRON2 928 571 429 people

16 500 000 000 tonnes COPPER 235 714 286 people

876 548 tonnes ZINC 12 522 114 people

2 188 tonnes GOLD 31 257 people

1.9 tonnes ALUMINUM 27 people

2 620 tonnes SILVER 37 428 people

7 490 000 tonnes CHROMIUM 107 000 000 people

250 000 tonnes NICKEL 3 571 428 people

30 184 tonnes REE 431 200 people

163 tonnes PLATINUM 2 328 people

source : www.eduarea.wordpress.com , www.globalsecurity.org, www.worldsalaries.org, ogy Survey, ‘World Statistics on’ ‘Mine Injury and Work time, Quarterly’ U.S. Department of Labor 2010, ‘International Mining Fatality Database’ Patrick MacNeil

HOW MUCH IS 1 TON OF THE MINERAL?

Extraction from the mines1

FOLLOW THE FLOW

Transportation to shipping port2

Shipped off to desired location3

Processed at factories4

Desired product5

source: www.LiveScience.com , www.nkmz.com, www.fas.org

HOW DEEP CAN YOU GO?

source: ‘Minerals and Metals Management 2020’International Council of Mining and Metals

THE CIRCLE OF MINERAL LIFE

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. . . IN THE END THERE WAS A PRODUCT

source: www.kristw.yellowpigz.com, British Geology Surveys on Minerals,

THE DEATH OF THE MINERAL

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source: www.kristw.yellowpigz.com, British Geology Surveys on Minerals,

TO PRODUCE 1 TONE OF THE MINERAL YOU NEED...

FOLLOW THE FLOW

Mined in Brazil as bauxite

Aluminium works in Swe-­den

Made into tubes in Asia

Hand lebar in the USA

Taiwan to be f it -­ted to the bike

Europe for sale

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I WANT TO RIDE MY BICYCLE

BIKE FLOW -­ AN ALUMINIUM EXAMPLE

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source: studio9consumption.ning.com, www.mapsofworld.com

THE STORY BEHIND AN iPHONE

Every cellphone and computer contains important minerals, several of these come from the ores in Kongo. Lot of these minerals are smuggled i l le-­gal across the borders to neighbouring countries. Smuggling points are controlled by armed groups (mafia), they earn money by tax and stealing.

From this point the minerals are mainly shipped i l -­legal out of Africa and towards Asia When reached desired destination the minerals are refined and mixed with other minerals. By doing this it is al -­most impossible to trace the origin of the minerals and they are sent to countries al l over the world for further developments of different components.

THE DARK SIDE OF MINERAL FLOW

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THE GOLD TOUR

NEW CONNECTIONS

Less ice opens up for new and shorter transportation routes be-­tween East and West. New sea l ines of communication have al -­ready opened up through the North East passage. There wil l also be routes straight across the North Pole. In a few years the shortest sea transport passage wil l be via the Barents Sea. It wil l reduce the distance between Asia and the western world by more than 7000 kilometres , and signif icantly reduce sail ing time.

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THE RE-DISCOVERY OF NEW POTENTIAL

source: www.eternalmoonlight.net

INFRASTRUCTURE POTENTIAL