Folio Danial

7/28/2019 Folio Danial

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FOREWARDFOREWARD

I would like to thank my parentsthat has been contribute for thecost of the making this scrap book.

I also would like to thanks to oursubjectteacher, Pn Siti Awani on her idea to

make this folio book happen.

Further, thanks to our familymember andfriends that helping me on

information for thisproject.

All cooperation and help that giving

to me, I will remember until forever.


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CONTENTSCONTENTS

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ABOUT MEABOUT ME

Name:Name: YUSRI DANIAL BINYUSRI DANIAL BINYUSZANOYUSZANO

Class:Class: 6 CEKAL6 CEKALSchool:School: SK Bandar TasekSK Bandar Tasek

MutiaraMutiara

Simpang AmpatSimpang Ampat

PENANG, MALAYSIAPENANG, MALAYSIA


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INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION

What is Endangered SpeciesWhat is Endangered SpeciesAnimal?Animal?


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DUGONG

BLUE WHALELEATHERBACK

TURTLEPANDA

PANGOLIN

ENDANGEREDENDANGERED ANIMALANIMAL

LIVELIVE ININ SOLITARYSOLITARY


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These enormous vegetarians can be found in warmThese enormous vegetarians can be found in warmcoastal waters from East Africa to Australia, including the Redcoastal waters from East Africa to Australia, including the RedSea, Indian Ocean, and Pacific.Sea, Indian Ocean, and Pacific.

Dugongs are related to manatees and are similar inDugongs are related to manatees and are similar inappearance and behavior though the dugong's tail is flukedappearance and behavior though the dugong's tail is flukedlike a whale's. Both are related to the elephant, although thelike a whale's. Both are related to the elephant, although the

giant land animal is not at all similar in appearance orgiant land animal is not at all similar in appearance orbehavior.behavior.

Dugongs graze on underwater grasses day and night,Dugongs graze on underwater grasses day and night,rooting for them with their bristled, sensitive snouts, androoting for them with their bristled, sensitive snouts, andchomping them with their rough lips.chomping them with their rough lips.

These mammals can stay underwater for six minutesThese mammals can stay underwater for six minutesbefore surfacing. They sometimes breathe by "standing" onbefore surfacing. They sometimes breathe by "standing" on

their tail with their heads above water.their tail with their heads above water. Dugongs spend much of their time alone or in pairs,Dugongs spend much of their time alone or in pairs,though they are sometimes seen gathered in large herds of athough they are sometimes seen gathered in large herds of ahundred animals.hundred animals.

Female dugongs have one calf after a yearlongFemale dugongs have one calf after a yearlongpregnancy, and the mother helps her young reach the surfacepregnancy, and the mother helps her young reach the surfaceand take its first breath. A young dugong remains close to itsand take its first breath. A young dugong remains close to its

mother for about 18 months, sometimes catching a ride on hermother for about 18 months, sometimes catching a ride on herbroad back.broad back.

These languid animals make an easy target for coastalThese languid animals make an easy target for coastalhunters, and they were long sought for their meat, oil, skin,hunters, and they were long sought for their meat, oil, skin,

bones, and teeth. Dugongs are now legally protectedbones, and teeth. Dugongs are now legally protectedthroughout their range, but their populations are still in athroughout their range, but their populations are still in atenuous state.tenuous state.

Some believe that dugongs were the inspiration forSome believe that dugongs were the inspiration for

ancient seafaring tales of mermaids and sirens.ancient seafaring tales of mermaids and sirens.


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Three types of pangolins exist inThree types of pangolins exist inAfricathe giant pangolin, the treeAfricathe giant pangolin, the tree

pangolin and the most widespread,pangolin and the most widespread,the ground pangolin. Pangolins havethe ground pangolin. Pangolins havesmall heads and long, broad tails.small heads and long, broad tails.

They are toothless and have noThey are toothless and have noexternal ears, although their hearingexternal ears, although their hearing

is good. Their sense of scent is well-is good. Their sense of scent is well-developed, but their sight is poor.developed, but their sight is poor.The weight of the protectiveThe weight of the protectivekeratinous scales and skin make upkeratinous scales and skin make upabout 20% of the pangolin's weight.about 20% of the pangolin's weight.

The animal preens itself byThe animal preens itself byscratching with the hind legs, liftingscratching with the hind legs, liftingits scales so the claws can reach theits scales so the claws can reach theskin. It also uses its tongue toskin. It also uses its tongue toremove insects from under theremove insects from under thescalesscales


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The giant panda, or panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca, literallyThe giant panda, or panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca, literallymeaning "black and white cat-foot")[2] is a bear[3] native tomeaning "black and white cat-foot")[2] is a bear[3] native tocentral-western and south western China.[4] It is easilycentral-western and south western China.[4] It is easilyrecognized by its large, distinctive black patches around the eyes,recognized by its large, distinctive black patches around the eyes,over the ears, and across its round body. Though it belongs to theover the ears, and across its round body. Though it belongs to theorder Carnivora, the panda's diet is 99% bamboo.[5] Pandas inorder Carnivora, the panda's diet is 99% bamboo.[5] Pandas in

the wild will occasionally eat other grasses, wild tubers, or eventhe wild will occasionally eat other grasses, wild tubers, or evenmeat in the form of birds, rodents or carrion. In captivity theymeat in the form of birds, rodents or carrion. In captivity theymay receive honey, eggs, fish, yams, shrub leaves, oranges, ormay receive honey, eggs, fish, yams, shrub leaves, oranges, orbananas along with specially prepared feed.[6][7]bananas along with specially prepared feed.[6][7]

The giant panda lives in a few mountain ranges in central China,The giant panda lives in a few mountain ranges in central China,mainly in Sichuan province, but also in the Shaanxi and Gansumainly in Sichuan province, but also in the Shaanxi and Gansuprovinces.[8] Due to farming, deforestation and otherprovinces.[8] Due to farming, deforestation and otherdevelopment, the panda has been driven out of the lowland areasdevelopment, the panda has been driven out of the lowland areas

where it once lived.where it once lived. The panda is a conservation reliant endangered species.[4] A 2007The panda is a conservation reliant endangered species.[4] A 2007report shows 239 pandas living in captivity inside China andreport shows 239 pandas living in captivity inside China andanother 27 outside the country.[9] Wild population estimatesanother 27 outside the country.[9] Wild population estimatesvary; one estimate shows that there are about 1,590 individualsvary; one estimate shows that there are about 1,590 individualsliving in the wild,[9] while a 2006 study via DNA analysisliving in the wild,[9] while a 2006 study via DNA analysisestimated that this figure could be as high as 2,000 to 3,000.[10]estimated that this figure could be as high as 2,000 to 3,000.[10]Some reports also show that the number of pandas in the wild isSome reports also show that the number of pandas in the wild ison the rise.[11][12] However, the IUCN does not believe there ison the rise.[11][12] However, the IUCN does not believe there is

enough certainty yet to reclassify the species from Endangered toenough certainty yet to reclassify the species from Endangered toVulnerable.[1]Vulnerable.[1]

While the dragon has historically served as China's nationalWhile the dragon has historically served as China's nationalemblem, in recent decades the panda has also served as anemblem, in recent decades the panda has also served as anemblem for the country. Its image appears on a large number ofemblem for the country. Its image appears on a large number ofmodern Chinese commemorative silver, gold, and platinum coins.modern Chinese commemorative silver, gold, and platinum coins.Though the panda is often assumed to be docile, it has beenThough the panda is often assumed to be docile, it has beenknown to attack humans, presumably out of irritation ratherknown to attack humans, presumably out of irritation rather

than predationthan predation


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Leatherback turtles have the mostLeatherback turtles have the mosthydrodynamic body design of any sea turtle,hydrodynamic body design of any sea turtle,

with a large, teardrop-shaped body. A large pairwith a large, teardrop-shaped body. A large pairof front flippers power the turtles through theof front flippers power the turtles through thewater. Like other sea turtles, the leatherback'swater. Like other sea turtles, the leatherback'sflattened forelimbs are adapted for swimming inflattened forelimbs are adapted for swimming inthe open ocean. Claws are absent from boththe open ocean. Claws are absent from bothpairs of flippers. The leatherback's flippers arepairs of flippers. The leatherback's flippers arethe largest in proportion to its body amongthe largest in proportion to its body amongextant sea turtles. Leatherback's front flippersextant sea turtles. Leatherback's front flipperscan grow up to 2.7 meters (8.9 ft) in largecan grow up to 2.7 meters (8.9 ft) in large

specimens, the largest flippers (even inspecimens, the largest flippers (even incomparison to its body) of any sea turtle.comparison to its body) of any sea turtle. A leatherback turtle covering her eggs, TurtleA leatherback turtle covering her eggs, Turtle

Beach, TobagoBeach, Tobago

The leatherback has several characteristics thatThe leatherback has several characteristics thatdistinguish it from other sea turtles. Its mostdistinguish it from other sea turtles. Its mostnotable feature is the lack of a bony carapace.notable feature is the lack of a bony carapace.Instead of scutes, it has thick, leathery skin withInstead of scutes, it has thick, leathery skin with

embedded minuscule osteoderms. Seven distinctembedded minuscule osteoderms. Seven distinctridges rise from the carapace, crossing from theridges rise from the carapace, crossing from theanterior to posterior margin of the turtle's back.anterior to posterior margin of the turtle's back.Leatherbacks are unique among reptiles in thatLeatherbacks are unique among reptiles in thattheir scales lack -keratin. The entire turtle'stheir scales lack -keratin. The entire turtle'sdorsal surface is colored dark grey to black, withdorsal surface is colored dark grey to black, witha scattering of white blotches and spots.a scattering of white blotches and spots.Demonstrating countershading, the turtle'sDemonstrating countershading, the turtle'sunderside is lightly colored.[5][6]underside is lightly colored.[5][6]

Instead of teeth, the leatherback turtle hasInstead of teeth, the leatherback turtle haspoints on the tomium of its upper lip, withpoints on the tomium of its upper lip, withbackwards spines in its throat to help it swallowbackwards spines in its throat to help it swallowfood.food.

Dermochelys coriacea adults average 12 metersDermochelys coriacea adults average 12 meters(3.36.6 ft) long and weigh 250 to 700 kilograms(3.36.6 ft) long and weigh 250 to 700 kilograms(550 to 1,500 lb).[5] The largest ever found,(550 to 1,500 lb).[5] The largest ever found,however, was over 3 meters (9.8 ft) from head tohowever, was over 3 meters (9.8 ft) from head totail and weighed 916 kilograms (2,019 lb).[7]tail and weighed 916 kilograms (2,019 lb).[7]That specimen was found on a beach on theThat specimen was found on a beach on thewest coast of Wales.west coast of Wales.

Dermochel s coriacea exhibits a suite ofDermochel s coriacea exhibits a suite of


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ENDANGERED ANIMALENDANGERED ANIMAL

LIVE IN GROUPLIVE IN GROUP

ORANG UTAN

GAJAH BADAK AIR BADAK SUMBU

IKAN LUMBA-

LUMBA


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GajahGajah merupakan haiwanmerupakan haiwan

daratan terbesar didaratan terbesar di duniadunia..Terdapat 3 spesies gajah diTerdapat 3 spesies gajah diduniadunia..

Gajah AsiaGajah Asia

Gajah AfrikaGajah Afrika GajahGajahKerdilKerdilMalaysiaMalaysia
http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bumihttp://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bumihttp://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bumihttp://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bumihttp://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gajah_Asiahttp://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gajah_Asiahttp://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gajah_Kerdil_Malaysiahttp://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gajah_Kerdil_Malaysiahttp://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gajah_Kerdil_Malaysiahttp://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gajah_Kerdil_Malaysiahttp://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gajah_Kerdil_Malaysiahttp://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gajah_Kerdil_Malaysiahttp://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gajah_Kerdil_Malaysiahttp://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gajah_Kerdil_Malaysiahttp://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gajah_Kerdil_Malaysiahttp://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gajah_Asiahttp://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bumihttp://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bumi


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Gajah Afrika merupakan haiwan daratanGajah Afrika merupakan haiwan daratanterbesar di dunia. Sepanjang 55 juta tahunterbesar di dunia. Sepanjang 55 juta tahunterdapat 500 spesiesterdapat 500 spesies gajahgajah yangyang

dikenalpasti dan hanya dua spesies yangdikenalpasti dan hanya dua spesies yangmasih kekal iaitu Gajah Asia dan Gajahmasih kekal iaitu Gajah Asia dan GajahAfrika. Spesies Gajah Asia dan Gajah AfrikaAfrika. Spesies Gajah Asia dan Gajah Afrikamula berpecah kira-kira dua juta tahunmula berpecah kira-kira dua juta tahundahulu. Dari jurai keturunan spesies Gajahdahulu. Dari jurai keturunan spesies GajahAsia terhasillah gajah yang bagaimanapunAsia terhasillah gajah yang bagaimanapunkini telah pupus.Terdapat dua subspesieskini telah pupus.Terdapat dua subspesies

gajah Afrika iaitu Gajah Savana Afrika dangajah Afrika iaitu Gajah Savana Afrika danGajah Hutan Afrika. Berdasarkan klasifikasiGajah Hutan Afrika. Berdasarkan klasifikasidua spesies baru, africana Loxodontadua spesies baru, africana Loxodontamerujuk secara khusus dengan gajahmerujuk secara khusus dengan gajahsavana,terbesar dari semua gajah. Iasavana,terbesar dari semua gajah. Iaadalah haiwan darat terbesar, denganadalah haiwan darat terbesar, denganjantan berdiri 3,2 meter (10 kaki) hingga 4jantan berdiri 3,2 meter (10 kaki) hingga 4

meter (13 kaki) pada bahu dan berat 3.500meter (13 kaki) pada bahu dan berat 3.500kilogram ( 7700) sehingga 12.000 kgkilogram ( 7700) sehingga 12.000 kg(26,000 lb). Betina lebih kecil, berdiri(26,000 lb). Betina lebih kecil, berdirisekitar 3 meter (9,8 kaki) di bahu. Gajahsekitar 3 meter (9,8 kaki) di bahu. Gajahsavana dapat ditemui di padang rumputsavana dapat ditemui di padang rumputterbuka,semak samun, dan berdekatanterbuka,semak samun, dan berdekatandengan tasik atau lopak. Gajah savanadengan tasik atau lopak. Gajah savana

ditemui lebih banyak dari zon savanaditemui lebih banyak dari zon savanaselatan dan Sahara.selatan dan Sahara.


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Gajah Asia berbeza daripadaGajah Asia berbeza daripadaGajah Afrika dari segi telinganyaGajah Afrika dari segi telinganyayang kecil sedikit, mempunyaiyang kecil sedikit, mempunyai

dahi yang rata, dan dua bonggoldahi yang rata, dan dua bonggoldi kepalanya merupakan puncakdi kepalanya merupakan puncaktertinggi gajah, berbandingtertinggi gajah, berbandingdengan Gajah Afrika yangdengan Gajah Afrika yangmempunyai hanya satu bonggolmempunyai hanya satu bonggol

di atas kepala. Selain itu, hujungdi atas kepala. Selain itu, hujungbelalai Gajah Asia hanyabelalai Gajah Asia hanyamempunyai 1 bibir, sementaramempunyai 1 bibir, sementaraGajah Afrika mempunyai 2 bibitGajah Afrika mempunyai 2 bibitdi hujung belalai. Kedua-duadi hujung belalai. Kedua-dua

jantina Gajah Afrika mempunyaijantina Gajah Afrika mempunyaisementara hanya gajah jantansementara hanya gajah jantanAsia yang mempunyai gadingAsia yang mempunyai gadingyang jelas kelihatan.Terdapatyang jelas kelihatan.Terdapatbeberapa subspesies gajahbeberapa subspesies gajah

Asia,antaranya ialah gajah SriAsia,antaranya ialah gajah Srilanka, Gajah India, Gajahlanka, Gajah India, Gajah


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Gajah kerdil atau Gajah kerdil BorneoGajah kerdil atau Gajah kerdil Borneodengan nama saintifik Elephasdengan nama saintifik Elephas

maximus borneensis adalah spesiesmaximus borneensis adalah spesiesterkecil gajah, bahkan lebih kecil dariterkecil gajah, bahkan lebih kecil dariGajah Sumatra.Ukuran tubuhnyaGajah Sumatra.Ukuran tubuhnyahanya sekitar 2,5 meter. Datahanya sekitar 2,5 meter. Datamenunjukkan bahawa DNA pada Gajahmenunjukkan bahawa DNA pada Gajahkerdil adalah sama sekali berbeza darikerdil adalah sama sekali berbeza dari

Gajah asia dan Gajah afrika, hal iniGajah asia dan Gajah afrika, hal inidibuktikan bahawa Gajah kerdildibuktikan bahawa Gajah kerdilmerupakan subspesies baru darimerupakan subspesies baru darigajah.Habitat tempat hidup merekagajah.Habitat tempat hidup merekaada di kedalaman hutan Borneo,ada di kedalaman hutan Borneo,perbatasan antara Kalimantan Timur -perbatasan antara Kalimantan Timur -

Indonesia dan Sabah,Malaysia. GajahIndonesia dan Sabah,Malaysia. Gajahkerdil Borneo dapat dibezakan dengankerdil Borneo dapat dibezakan denganmelihat ekornya yang lebih panjangmelihat ekornya yang lebih panjangdan mencecah ke tanah,mempunyaidan mencecah ke tanah,mempunyaitelinga yang lebih lebar,mempunyaitelinga yang lebih lebar,mempunyaibelalai yang pendek dan gading yangbelalai yang pendek dan gading yang

agak lurus.agak lurus. Gajah juga pernah digunakan dalamGajah juga pernah digunakan dalam
http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gajah_perang


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OrangutansOrangutans are the only exclusivelyare the only exclusively AsianAsiangenusgenus ofofextantextantgreat apegreat ape. The largest living. The largest livingarborealarboreal animals, they have longer arms thananimals, they have longer arms than

the other, more terrestrial, great apes. They arethe other, more terrestrial, great apes. They areamong the most intelligentamong the most intelligent primatesprimates and use aand use avariety of sophisticated tools, also makingvariety of sophisticated tools, also makingsleeping nests each night from branches andsleeping nests each night from branches andfoliage. Their hair is typically reddish-brown,foliage. Their hair is typically reddish-brown,instead of the brown or black hair typical ofinstead of the brown or black hair typical ofother great apes.other great apes.

Native toNative to IndonesiaIndonesia andand MalaysiaMalaysia, orangutans, orangutansare currently found only inare currently found only in rainforestsrainforests on theon theislands ofislands ofBorneoBorneo andand SumatraSumatra, though, though fossilsfossilshave been found inhave been found inJavaJava, the, the

Thai-Malay PeninsulaThai-Malay Peninsula,, VietnamVietnam andandMainland ChinaMainland China. There are only two surviving. There are only two survivingspecies, both of which arespecies, both of which are endangeredendangered: the: theBorneanBorneanOrangutanOrangutan ((Pongo pygmaeusPongo pygmaeus) and the) and thecritically endangeredcritically endangeredSumatran OrangutanSumatran Orangutan((Pongo abeliiPongo abelii). The subfamily). The subfamily PonginaePonginae alsoalsoincludes the extinct generaincludes the extinct genera GigantopithecusGigantopithecus andandSivapithecusSivapithecus. The word "orangutan" comes from. The word "orangutan" comes fromthethe MalayMalay words "words "orangorang" (man) and "" (man) and "(h)utan(h)utan""(forest); hence, "man of the forest".(forest); hence, "man of the forest".
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extant_taxonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extant_taxonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_apehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_apehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arboreal_locomotionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arboreal_locomotionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indonesiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indonesiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rainforesthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rainforesthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borneohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borneohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatrahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatrahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fossilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fossilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Javahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Javahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malay_Peninsulahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malay_Peninsulahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mainland_Chinahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mainland_Chinahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endangered_specieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endangered_specieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bornean_Orangutanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bornean_Orangutanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bornean_Orangutanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bornean_Orangutanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Critically_endangeredhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Critically_endangeredhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatran_Orangutanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatran_Orangutanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ponginaehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ponginaehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gigantopithecushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gigantopithecushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sivapithecushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sivapithecushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malay_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malay_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malay_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sivapithecushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gigantopithecushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ponginaehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatran_Orangutanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Critically_endangeredhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bornean_Orangutanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bornean_Orangutanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endangered_specieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mainland_Chinahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malay_Peninsulahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Javahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fossilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatrahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borneohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rainforesthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indonesiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arboreal_locomotionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_apehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extant_taxonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia


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Badak Sumbu (bahasa Inggeris: Rhinoceros (ransrsBadak Sumbu (bahasa Inggeris: Rhinoceros (ransrs"rhinoceros" () diambil dari perkataan Yunani"rhinoceros" () diambil dari perkataan Yunani

rhinos, bermaksud hidung, dan keras, rhinos, bermaksud hidung, dan keras,bererti tanduk; dengan itu "hidung-tanduk". ), adalahbererti tanduk; dengan itu "hidung-tanduk". ), adalahnama umum yang digunakan bagi mengelompokkannama umum yang digunakan bagi mengelompokkansekumpulan lima spesis luas bagi ungulate haiwansekumpulan lima spesis luas bagi ungulate haiwanberkuku bilangan ganjil ]] dalam keluargaberkuku bilangan ganjil ]] dalam keluargaRhinocerotidae. Dua dari spesis ini adalah dari jenisRhinocerotidae. Dua dari spesis ini adalah dari jenistempatan bagi Afrika dan tiga bagi Asia selatan. Tigatempatan bagi Afrika dan tiga bagi Asia selatan. Tigadari lima jenis spesis (Badak raya, Badak Kerbau dandari lima jenis spesis (Badak raya, Badak Kerbau danBadak Sumbu Hitam)adalah amat terancam. BadakBadak Sumbu Hitam)adalah amat terancam. Badak

Sumbu India adalah terancam, dengan kurang daripadaSumbu India adalah terancam, dengan kurang daripada2,700 individu tinggal hidup liar. Badak Sumbu Putih di2,700 individu tinggal hidup liar. Badak Sumbu Putih didaftar sebagai Lemah/terancam (Vulnerable), dengandaftar sebagai Lemah/terancam (Vulnerable), dengansekitar 14,500 tinggal hiduop liarsekitar 14,500 tinggal hiduop liar..

Keluarga rhinoceros berciri bersaiz besar (salah satuKeluarga rhinoceros berciri bersaiz besar (salah satudari haiwan besar (megafauna) yang masih hidup haridari haiwan besar (megafauna) yang masih hidup hariini) dengan kesemua spesis mampu mencapai beratini) dengan kesemua spesis mampu mencapai beratsehingga satu tan; diet maun; dan kulit perlindungansehingga satu tan; diet maun; dan kulit perlindunganyang tebal, setebal 1.55 cm, terbentuk dari lapisanyang tebal, setebal 1.55 cm, terbentuk dari lapisanterletak dalam kedudukan bersilang (lattice); saiz otakterletak dalam kedudukan bersilang (lattice); saiz otakyang agak kecil berbanding saiz mamalia sebesaryang agak kecil berbanding saiz mamalia sebesarini(400600g); dan tanduk besar. Mereka biasanyaini(400600g); dan tanduk besar. Mereka biasanyamakan bahan berdaun, sungguhpun keupayaan bagimakan bahan berdaun, sungguhpun keupayaan bagimemeram makanan dalam kolon (perut tengah)memeram makanan dalam kolon (perut tengah)membenarkan mereka hidup memakan bahanmembenarkan mereka hidup memakan bahantumbuhan lebih berfiber, jika perlu. Tidak sepertitumbuhan lebih berfiber, jika perlu. Tidak sepertiperissodactyl lain, spesis badak sumbu Afrika ketiadaanperissodactyl lain, spesis badak sumbu Afrika ketiadaan

gigi pada bahagian hadapan mulut mereka, sebaliknyagigi pada bahagian hadapan mulut mereka, sebaliknyabergantung kepada gigi premolar dan molar yang kuatbergantung kepada gigi premolar dan molar yang kuatbagi menghancurkan makanan tumbuh-tumbuhan.[1]bagi menghancurkan makanan tumbuh-tumbuhan.[1]Bilangan gigi berbeza dengan banyaknya antara spesis,Bilangan gigi berbeza dengan banyaknya antara spesis,tetapi secara umum adalah:tetapi secara umum adalah:

Badak sumbu menjadi buruan bagi tanduknya. TandukBadak sumbu menjadi buruan bagi tanduknya. Tandukrhinoceros diperbuat dari keratin, protin yang samarhinoceros diperbuat dari keratin, protin yang samayang menghasilkan rambut dan kuku, tetapi tanduk ituyang menghasilkan rambut dan kuku, tetapi tanduk itusendiri tidak diperbuat dari rambut seperti yangsendiri tidak diperbuat dari rambut seperti yang

diperkatakan semebul ini.[1] Kedua-dua spesis Afrikadiperkatakan semebul ini.[1] Kedua-dua spesis Afrikadan Badak Kerbau memiliki dua tanduk, sementaradan Badak Kerbau memiliki dua tanduk, sementaraBadak Indian dan Badak Raya memiliki satu tanduk.Badak Indian dan Badak Raya memiliki satu tanduk.


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DolphinsDolphins areare marine mammalsmarine mammals thatthatare closely related toare closely related to whaleswhales andand

porpoisesporpoises. There are almost forty. There are almost fortyspecies of dolphin in 17species of dolphin in 17 generagenera..They vary in size from 1.2 m (4 ft)They vary in size from 1.2 m (4 ft)and 40 kg (90 lb) (and 40 kg (90 lb) (Maui's dolphinMaui's dolphin),),up to 9.5 m (30 ft) and 10 tonnesup to 9.5 m (30 ft) and 10 tonnes(9.8 LT; 11 ST) (the(9.8 LT; 11 ST) (the orcaorca or killeror killer

whale). They are found worldwide,whale). They are found worldwide,mostly in the shallower seas of themostly in the shallower seas of thecontinental shelvescontinental shelves, and are, and arecarnivores, mostly eatingcarnivores, mostly eating fishfish andandsquid. The family Delphinidae is thesquid. The family Delphinidae is thelargest in the Cetacean order, andlargest in the Cetacean order, and

evolved relatively recently, aboutevolved relatively recently, aboutten million years ago, during theten million years ago, during theMiocene. Dolphins are among theMiocene. Dolphins are among themost intelligent animals, and theirmost intelligent animals, and theiroften friendly appearance andoften friendly appearance andseemingly playful attitude haveseemingly playful attitude have

made them popular in humanmade them popular in humanculture.culture.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marine_mammalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marine_mammalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whalehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whalehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Porpoisehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Porpoisehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maui%27s_dolphinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maui%27s_dolphinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Killer_whalehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Killer_whalehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continental_shelveshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continental_shelveshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fishhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fishhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fishhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continental_shelveshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Killer_whalehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maui%27s_dolphinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Porpoisehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whalehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marine_mammal


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The hippopotamus (Hippopotamus amphibius), or hippo, fromThe hippopotamus (Hippopotamus amphibius), or hippo, fromthe ancient Greek for "river horse" (), is a large,the ancient Greek for "river horse" (), is a large,mostly herbivorous mammal in sub-Saharan Africa, and onemostly herbivorous mammal in sub-Saharan Africa, and oneof only two extant species in the family Hippopotamidae (theof only two extant species in the family Hippopotamidae (theother is the Pygmy Hippopotamus.) After the elephant, theother is the Pygmy Hippopotamus.) After the elephant, thehippotamus is the largest land mammal and the heaviesthippotamus is the largest land mammal and the heaviestextant artiodactyl, despite being considerably shorter thanextant artiodactyl, despite being considerably shorter thanthe giraffe.the giraffe.The hippopotamus is semi-aquatic, inhabiting rivers, lakesThe hippopotamus is semi-aquatic, inhabiting rivers, lakes

and West African mangrove swamps [3] where territorial bulland West African mangrove swamps [3] where territorial bullspreside over a stretch of river and groups of 5 to 30 femalespreside over a stretch of river and groups of 5 to 30 femalesand young. During the day they remain cool by staying in theand young. During the day they remain cool by staying in thewater or mud; reproduction and childbirth both occur inwater or mud; reproduction and childbirth both occur inwater. They emerge at dusk to graze on grass. Whilewater. They emerge at dusk to graze on grass. Whilehippopotamuses rest near each other in the water, grazing ishippopotamuses rest near each other in the water, grazing isa solitary activity and hippos are not territorial on land.a solitary activity and hippos are not territorial on land.Despite their physical resemblance to pigs and otherDespite their physical resemblance to pigs and other

terrestrial even-toed ungulates, their closest living relativesterrestrial even-toed ungulates, their closest living relativesare cetaceans (whales, porpoises, etc.) from which theyare cetaceans (whales, porpoises, etc.) from which theydiverged about 55 million years ago.[4] The commondiverged about 55 million years ago.[4] The commonancestor of whales and hippos split from other even-toedancestor of whales and hippos split from other even-toedungulates around 60 million years ago.[5] The earliest knownungulates around 60 million years ago.[5] The earliest knownhippopotamus fossils, belonging to the genus Kenyapotamushippopotamus fossils, belonging to the genus Kenyapotamusin Africa, date to around 16 million years ago.in Africa, date to around 16 million years ago.The hippopotamus is recognizable by its barrel-shaped torso,The hippopotamus is recognizable by its barrel-shaped torso,enormous mouth and teeth, nearly hairless body, stubby legsenormous mouth and teeth, nearly hairless body, stubby legs

and tremendous size. It is the third-largest land mammal byand tremendous size. It is the third-largest land mammal byweight (between 1 and 3 tonnes), behind the whiteweight (between 1 and 3 tonnes), behind the whiterhinoceros (1 to 3 tonnes) and the three species ofrhinoceros (1 to 3 tonnes) and the three species ofelephant (3 to 9 tonnes). The hippopotamus is one of theelephant (3 to 9 tonnes). The hippopotamus is one of thelargest quadrupeds (four legged mammals).[6] Despite itslargest quadrupeds (four legged mammals).[6] Despite itsstocky shape and short legs, it can easily outrun a human.stocky shape and short legs, it can easily outrun a human.Hippos have been clocked at 30 km/h (19 mph) over shortHippos have been clocked at 30 km/h (19 mph) over shortdistances. The hippopotamus is one of the most aggressivedistances. The hippopotamus is one of the most aggressivecreatures in the world and is often regarded as one of thecreatures in the world and is often regarded as one of themost dangerous animals in Africa There are an estimatedmost dangerous animals in Africa There are an estimated

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