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“Recently, the Wall Street Journal reported that 75 percent of the sewer systems in thethat 75 percent of the sewer systems in the United States work at only half capacity
because of grease clogs”because of grease clogs
‐WEM March 2002
Fun Facts (FOG Facts)Fun Facts (FOG Facts)
• WWWrgf comWWW.rgf.com
• US restaurants dump 3 Billion tons of FOG per yearyear.
• Double Digit restaurant industry growth
• FOG output 3X the 1960 level
• Estimated to be #1 Cause of Sewer Overflows
– (source Grease FOG 101 www.rgf.com)
FOG Conundrum (TomMoreau CSWD)FOG Conundrum (Tom Moreau, CSWD)
• WWTF’s have a FOG problem. They are p yreluctant to enforce existing ordinances without viable disposal/utilization options of the FOG collected by haulers.
• The private sector haulers and potentially processors are reluctant to invest needed capital to separate FOG unless they perceive acapital to separate FOG unless they perceive a serious enforcement program by the public WWTF’sWWTF s.
Grease Trap Material(Tom Moreau CSWD)Grease Trap Material(Tom Moreau, CSWD)
• Wastewater Treatment Plants normally don’t• Wastewater Treatment Plants normally don t want it, if they do accept it, they want it diluted. (may charge extra for high conc )(may charge extra for high conc.)
R d i i ill t t t• Rendering companies will not accept trap grease if it is contaminated with sewage.
• Very little grease/water separating equipment in Vermont.
REALITYREALITY
• No enforcement MechanismsNo enforcement Mechanisms
• No Management Mechanisms
Inability to handle FOG locallyInability to handle FOG locally
= no enforcement
Cooperative EvaluationCooperative Evaluation
• Solid Waste Grant Study Funded by VT ANR through the Chittenden Solid Waste Districtthrough the Chittenden Solid Waste District– Grease Trap Management Tool
E l i f E J i WWTF Di– Evaluation of Essex Junction WWTF Direct Digestion
“It’s Not Easy Being Green”
It s Not Easy Being Green
CARBON CREDIT
Carbon
R d ti
Carbon sequestering
Reduction
Renewable energy
RGGI
As we say in the sewer, if you’re not prepared to go all the way don’t put your boots on in the first place”the way, don t put your boots on in the first place
Ed Norton, the Honeymooners TV show
Getting StartedGetting Started
• Problem IdentifiedProblem Identified– 2005 Comprehensive CCTV evaluation of collection systemcollection system
• NEIWPCC Concord, NH program
E l ti f S l O i C it• Evaluation of Surplus Organics Capacity
• CHP energy program
Treatment OptionsTreatment Options
• Source PreventionSource Prevention
• Through Conventional Process
lk d dfill• Bulk and Landfill
• Incorporate with Dewatering
• Composting
• Refusal to acceptRefusal to accept
• Direct Digestion
O h• Others
ANIMAL WASTE(Popular Science October, 2008)
DAILY OUTPUT!
Cow
Elephant
Llama
Cow
Poop Power (Kw)
Methane Yield
Dog
PigDaily Output
0 100 200 300
Chicken
Food Waste Has Valuable Energy!gyCara Peck, US EPA Region 9, Courtesy of M‐Con Bio and Farmatic Biotech Energy Ag.
Residual Fats
Grass silage 1. Cut
Corn Silage
Food Wastes
Floated Fats
Rape Seed Cake
Residual Fats
Green Waste
Biosolids
Bio Waste bio‐bin
Brewers' Grain
Corn Silage (pasty)
g
Fooder Beet
Beets
Vinasse
Sugar Beet Silage
Grass 1. Cut
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700
Cattle Manure
Pig Manure
Poultry
Whey
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700
Pumping ConcernsPumping Concerns
• Clog concerns
• Equipment Concerns
• Flow meter
• Direct digestion and Co‐Gen• Direct digestion and Co‐Gen
• Process problems when mismanaged
• Temperature
Average FOG additionAverage FOG addition
13%13%(Volume as a Percent of WPS Volume fed to Digester. 2.7MGal.)
Volatile Solids Reduction
>65% Total
FOG ProcessingFOG Processing• Benefits
– Increased Methane • Drawbacks
– Handling issuesProduction
– Increased methane quality
Handling issues
– Odors
– Potential line clogsquality
– Increased Revenue
– Running Digester at
– Build it and they may not come!
Cl i diffi lRunning Digester at Hydraulic Capacity
– Proper FOG
– Cleaning difficulty• Grease Entrained Rags
• Grease mat(s)Management
– Minimal Biosolids ProductionProduction
Essex Junction Methane ProductionEssex Junction Methane Production
2500000 Cubic Feet
2000000
1000000
1500000
500000
0
Co‐Generation Output (monthly kWh)Co Generation Output (monthly kWh)
50000
35000
40000
45000
25000
30000
35000
10000
15000
20000
0
5000
10000
Digester PerformanceDigester Performance
0.300Digester VAA RatioDigester Total Alkalinity
0.200
0.300
4000
6000
8000
0.000
0.100
0
2000
4000
1500Digester Volatile Acids
80 Digester Methane Gas Percentage
500
1000
60
70g
0 50
FOG is not for Everyone!FOG is not for Everyone!
• Ties up staff ResourcesTies up staff Resources
• Odors
• Messy HandlingMessy Handling
• Frequent digester cleaningscleanings
• Increased Digester Monitoring www.tamiyausa.comg
• Material Handling Infrastructure capitalp
BE A PART OF THE SOLUTION!BE A PART OF THE SOLUTION!
• Best Fit for Essex Junction • Less Desirable fit forBest Fit for Essex Junction– High BOD/COD Wastes
– Emulsified Oils
Less Desirable fit for Essex Junction– Commercial Wastes
– Conventional Grease Traps
• Resolve local disposal i
– Petrolatum based FOG
issues.
What’s Next?What s Next?• Emerging Markets for recyclables (digestible)
– Tallow Biodiesel
– Food Waste
– Commercial Soaps
– By–Product Treatment –glyceriny g y
– Food waste derived biodiesel
– Other organicsg
WWTF’s With Anaerobic DigestionWWTF s With Anaerobic Digestion
• Undesirable by‐product TreatmentUndesirable by product Treatment
• Consolidated approach to Resource Mgmt.CHP– CHP
– Alternate Revenue Sources
– Increased Methane Production
– Solid Waste Districts
– Public Private Partnerships• Energy Service Companies (ESCO’s)
bl d ( ’ )• Renewable Energy Credits (REC’s)
Jim JutrasJim Jutras
Village of Essex Junction
2 Lincoln Street
Essex Junction VT 05452Essex Junction, VT 05452Email: [email protected]
(802) 878‐6943 ext 201
www.essexjunction.orgj g