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Focus Group: Central AsiaFocus Group: Central Asia
Russia and the SouthRussia and the South
Chechnya and other HotspotsChechnya and other Hotspots
TurkeyTurkey
AfghanistanAfghanistan
Focus Group: Focus Group: Central AsiaCentral Asia
Russia and the SouthRussia and the Southby Jaclyn Katzmanby Jaclyn Katzman
Focus Group Central AsiaFocus Group Central Asia Where is RUSSIA?????? Where is RUSSIA??????
HISTORY!!!!!HISTORY!!!!!
Russia was determined Russia was determined to conquer all of the to conquer all of the Tran Caucuses and the Tran Caucuses and the south.south.
The czars were also The czars were also doing the same in doing the same in 1800’s.1800’s.
Chechnya tries to Chechnya tries to brake away from brake away from Russia, after the fall of Russia, after the fall of U.S.S.R.U.S.S.R.
1990-19941990-1994
Russian and Russian and Chechnya formed Chechnya formed separate; Russia separate; Russia does not support does not support this happening.this happening.
Russia Declares Russia Declares war.war.
Chechnya decisively Chechnya decisively wins battle and wins battle and Russia withdraws.Russia withdraws.
As her aunt faints after seeing her wounds, four-year-old Liana lies on a
hospital bed in southern Russia. Liana's mother, mother, brother and
aunt were killed when a Russian shell fell on their house in the Chechen town
of Urus-Marta
The Current WAR: 1999-The Current WAR: 1999-_Present____Present___
““Chechen” terrorism Chechen” terrorism attacks; 4 apartments attacks; 4 apartments bombed; 300 killed in bombed; 300 killed in Russia.Russia.
New President Putin New President Putin prosecuting War prosecuting War aggressively, and aggressively, and Russia Committed to Russia Committed to conquer Chechen conquer Chechen rebels.rebels.
Most Russians Most Russians Consider Chechens to Consider Chechens to be bandits, criminals.be bandits, criminals.
A Russian soldier looks at a destroyed building in the Staropromyslovsky district of
the Chechen capital Grozny.
ReligionReligion Legislation favors Legislation favors
Eastern Orthodox Eastern Orthodox church.church.
Discrimination Discrimination between E. between E. Orthodox(71.8%), Orthodox(71.8%), Christians (1.8%) Christians (1.8%) and Muslims (5.5%) and Muslims (5.5%) because of Chechnya because of Chechnya and other problems.and other problems.
Chechnya and other Chechnya and other hotspotshotspots
By Lauren GruberBy Lauren Gruber
Chechen succession from Chechen succession from RussiaRussia
The conflict between The conflict between the two countries is a the two countries is a long one, going back to long one, going back to the 1800’s and Czars. the 1800’s and Czars.
USSR finally controlled USSR finally controlled Chechnya by the 50’s.Chechnya by the 50’s.
Fall of USSR in 1991 Fall of USSR in 1991 led to Chechen cries led to Chechen cries for independencefor independence
Militant Islam becomes Militant Islam becomes anti Russian forceanti Russian force
The 1994-96 war from the The 1994-96 war from the Chechen point of viewChechen point of view
Militant Muslims begin Militant Muslims begin to fight for to fight for independence in 1994independence in 1994
Russia attacks Russia attacks Chechnya to keep itChechnya to keep it
Chechnya beat Russia Chechnya beat Russia decisively decisively
Chechnya looses 12% Chechnya looses 12% of its populationof its population
Chechnya de facto Chechnya de facto independentindependent
The Current war from the The Current war from the Chechen point of viewChechen point of view
Militant Muslims try to war in Dagestan
Terrorist bombings, no proof Chechnya involved
Russia is back to get revenge and get Chechnya back under control
Neither Russia or Chechnya can afford to loose the war
The current war continuedThe current war continued Russia changes tacticsRussia changes tactics The new Russian The new Russian
president, Putin, is president, Putin, is willing to put everything willing to put everything into the war, his into the war, his reputation at stakereputation at stake
Civilians are the wars Civilians are the wars main victims, refugeesmain victims, refugees
Chechnya very badly Chechnya very badly damageddamaged
Fighting intensifies in Grozny - CBC.CA (Jan 20, 2000)
Chechens inflicted "a devastating blow for the Russian army" - BBC (Dec 6, 1999)
The current war results…The current war results…
Gruesome MonumentGruesome Monument: The rubble of downtown Grozny, : The rubble of downtown Grozny, Sunday February 6, 2000. Russia may not spend the Sunday February 6, 2000. Russia may not spend the
estimated $1 billion required to rebuild the city, instead estimated $1 billion required to rebuild the city, instead letting it stand in ruins as a warning against separatism.letting it stand in ruins as a warning against separatism.
Afghan ScenarioAfghan Scenario
Even if Russians take Even if Russians take Grozny, Chechnya Grozny, Chechnya could fight oncould fight on
Retreat to mountains for Retreat to mountains for guerrilla warguerrilla war
Chechens could fight Chechens could fight Russians forever, as Russians forever, as they have for 200 yearsthey have for 200 years
Russians take combat Russians take combat dead indefinitely.dead indefinitely.
TurkeyTurkeyBy Michelle JacksonBy Michelle Jackson
Mustafa Kemal AtaturkMustafa Kemal Ataturk Turkey’s founder- Turkey’s founder-
completely completely modernized.modernized.
Created new political Created new political system and abolished system and abolished the Caliphate.the Caliphate.
Gave equal rights to Gave equal rights to women and changed women and changed alphabet and attire.alphabet and attire.
Reacting against Reacting against traditional values in traditional values in favor of Western styles.favor of Western styles.
Here, Ataturk teaches Here, Ataturk teaches the new alphabet.the new alphabet.
The Kurd Question: The Kurd Question: Abdullah OcalanAbdullah Ocalan
Waged 15 yr. Guerilla Waged 15 yr. Guerilla against Turkish against Turkish government.government.
30,000 people died.30,000 people died. Kurdish rebel leader Kurdish rebel leader
arrested and sentenced arrested and sentenced to death for treason.to death for treason.
Execution of Ocalan Execution of Ocalan would forbid Turkish would forbid Turkish membership in membership in European Union.European Union.
Ocalan gets Ocalan gets arrested.arrested.
Challenge: Secular and Challenge: Secular and ReligiousReligious
Turkey faces challenge Turkey faces challenge in remaining secular.in remaining secular.
Countries around are Countries around are more religious and more religious and disapprove of Western disapprove of Western state.state.
Islamic fundamentalists Islamic fundamentalists in Turkey challenge in Turkey challenge and demand a more and demand a more Islamic state. (Shari’a Islamic state. (Shari’a law.)law.)
Militant Kurd sets himself on fire Militant Kurd sets himself on fire to protest the arrest of Abdullah to protest the arrest of Abdullah
Ocalan.Ocalan.
Challenge: ContinuedChallenge: Continued
Turkish military Turkish military nullify elections nullify elections where Turkey where Turkey challenged on this.challenged on this.
Although a Muslim Although a Muslim country, it is much country, it is much more modern than more modern than most Muslim places.most Muslim places.
Crossroads of Asia Crossroads of Asia and Europe. Greatly and Europe. Greatly influenced by both.influenced by both.
Turkish people Turkish people kicked out of kicked out of
Turkey by AtaturkTurkey by Ataturk
AfghanistanAfghanistanBy Nicholas ReidBy Nicholas Reid
Durrani Dynasty 1772-Durrani Dynasty 1772-1818.1818.
Start of Jihad: Dost Start of Jihad: Dost Muhammad.Muhammad.
Used as a battleground Used as a battleground for for wars involving for for wars involving the and not involving the and not involving the Afghanistan.the Afghanistan.
English tried to take English tried to take over Afghanistan for over Afghanistan for many years but were many years but were unsuccessful.unsuccessful. Afghanistan was
continually involved in war.
The Soviet InvasionThe Soviet Invasion
1979-19891979-1989 Soviets fought for Soviets fought for
communism, land, and communism, land, and power. The power. The Mujahideens, ‘freedom Mujahideens, ‘freedom fighters’, fought as a fighters’, fought as a form of jihad.form of jihad.
USA helps Afghanistan, USA helps Afghanistan, Soviets ousted.Soviets ousted.
Afghanistan left in ruins Afghanistan left in ruins without a government.without a government.
Injured people in the brutal war
Rise of the TalibanRise of the Taliban
After the Soviet Invasion After the Soviet Invasion a tribe of Mujahdeen, a tribe of Mujahdeen, called “Taliban”, declare called “Taliban”, declare themselves government.themselves government.
They quickly take control They quickly take control of most of the country by of most of the country by murdering and murdering and threatening.threatening.
They spread their ideas They spread their ideas to become head of most to become head of most of Afghanistan.of Afghanistan.
Taliban taking
over Afghanistan
Osama Ben Laden
Harsh and strict rules.Harsh and strict rules. Not appreciated and Not appreciated and
liked by other Muslim liked by other Muslim countries.countries.
Cruel laws toward Cruel laws toward woman.woman.
Hate the West because Hate the West because it is “impure”.it is “impure”.
Encourage Jihad to all Encourage Jihad to all dissidents of Islam.dissidents of Islam.
Anti-American and IsraelAnti-American and Israel
THE END!THE END!