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FLOODS AND DROUGHTS IN 2002 IN THE CAMBODIAN PARTS OF THE MEKONG BASIN
— EXPOSURE, RESPONSE AND LESSON LEARNED —
Prepared for
THE SECOND ANNUAL FLOOD FORUM, 28-29 OCTOBER 2003
by So Sophort,
Deputy Director of Projects Department, and National FMM Coordinator
for Cambodia, Cambodia National Mekong Committee
PRESENTATION OUTLINE:
Introduction
Flood and drought exposure and response
Flood
Drought
Emergency response
Flood management in Cambodia
Lessons learned
Recommendations
INTRODUCTION
Serious floods have caused damages to lives and property.
Loss as a result of floods in Cambodia:
2000: US$ 157 million and 362 people
2001: US$ 30 million and 62 people
2002: US$ over 12 million and 29 people
Two major agencies for FMM
Effectiveness is growing but still limited by resources
FLOOD AND DROUGHT EXPOSURE AND RESPONSE
Cambodia: Most prone country to natural disasters
Loss in 2002: Approx. US$ 34 mil.
Infrastructure development
Impact to national development efforts
FLOODS
Floods in 2002 < 2001 Flood stemmed from storms and heavy rainfall People in lying-low areas are mostly effected Loss of economy and life is over US$ 12 mil. and
29 people, respectively Very limited capacity in managing and mitigating
floods
DROUGHT
Drought was the longest in the last 21-year periods for 2002
Agricultural crops depend fully on rainfall (approx. 82%)
Cultivation plan was not met. Over 2 mil. people were affected Total damage: Over US$ 21 mil.
EMERGENCY RESPONSE
Government stocks
Resources mobilization
Timely response to disaster-affected people
Good coordination and cooperation
FLOOD MANAGEMENT
General policy for flood mitigation and
protection
Development of meteorological and
hydrological networks
Effective and efficient mechanism in relief
and emergency services
Joint efforts and cooperation
FLOOD MANAGEMENT cont.
Flood information disseminated
Flood forecasts are now rather accurate
Draft Law on Water Resources Management
LESSONS LEARNED
Natural disasters are a severe constraint on socio-economic development
Annual floods have become an essential element in the life of people
Impact of activities upstream and downstream
Flood mitigation requires real-time or near real-time information on weather and river flow
RECOMMENDATIONS
Capacity building to the field staff is
strongly needed
An effective communication system to
reach remote areas should be developed
Weather forecasts to ensure timely warning
of natural occurrences should be further
improved
RECOMMENDATIONS cont…
Emergency relief to flood victims should be
made by MRC
Drought forecasting should be considered by
MRC from now on, to assist the riparian
countries in order to find appropriate ways to
help farmers
Today's Forum should be continued