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Flightline of Vertical Aerial Photography Flightline of Vertical Aerial Photography Jensen, 2000 Jensen, 2000 Exposure station #1 stereoscopic model #2 #3 Direction of Flight terrain recorded on thre successive photographs lens altitude above ground level, H 60% overlap Coverage of photograph Flightline of Aerial Photography

Flightline of Vertical Aerial Photography

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Flightline of Vertical Aerial Photography. Jensen, 2000. Annotation on the Perimeter of An Aerial Photograph. Jensen, 2000. Geometry of Overlapping Vertical Aerial Photographs • Principal Points • Conjugate Principle Points. Jensen, 2000. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: Flightline of Vertical Aerial Photography

Flightline of Vertical Aerial Photography Flightline of Vertical Aerial Photography Flightline of Vertical Aerial Photography Flightline of Vertical Aerial Photography

Jensen, 2000Jensen, 2000Jensen, 2000Jensen, 2000

Exposure station #1

stereoscopic model

#2 #3

Direction of Flight

terrain recorded on three successive photographs

lens altitude above ground level, H

60% overlap

Coverage of photograph

Flightline of Aerial Photography

Exposure station #1

stereoscopic model

#2 #3

Direction of Flight

terrain recorded on three successive photographs

lens altitude above ground level, H

60% overlap

Coverage of photograph

Flightline of Aerial Photography

Page 2: Flightline of Vertical Aerial Photography

Annotation on the Perimeter of An Aerial PhotographAnnotation on the Perimeter of An Aerial PhotographAnnotation on the Perimeter of An Aerial PhotographAnnotation on the Perimeter of An Aerial Photograph

Jensen, 2000Jensen, 2000Jensen, 2000Jensen, 2000

Page 3: Flightline of Vertical Aerial Photography

Geometry of Geometry of Overlapping Overlapping

Vertical Aerial Vertical Aerial PhotographsPhotographs • • Principal PointsPrincipal Points

• • Conjugate PrincipleConjugate Principle PointsPoints

Geometry of Geometry of Overlapping Overlapping

Vertical Aerial Vertical Aerial PhotographsPhotographs • • Principal PointsPrincipal Points

• • Conjugate PrincipleConjugate Principle PointsPoints

Jensen, 2000Jensen, 2000Jensen, 2000Jensen, 2000

Fiducial mark

y -

axis

Line of flight

Principal Point of Photo #1

Ph

oto

1

Ph

oto

2

Principal Point of Photo #1 equals

Conjugate Principal Point of Photo #2

Principal Point of Photo #2 equals

Conjugate Principal Point of Photo #1

b.a.

c.

line of flight

stereoscopic model60% overlap

PP

CPP

PP

CPP

1

12

2

x-axis

Ph

oto

1

Ph

oto

2

PP1PP

2

Principal Point of Photo #2

Fiducial mark

y -

axis

Line of flight

Principal Point of Photo #1

Ph

oto

1

Ph

oto

2

Principal Point of Photo #1 equals

Conjugate Principal Point of Photo #2

Principal Point of Photo #2 equals

Conjugate Principal Point of Photo #1

b.a.

c.

line of flight

stereoscopic model60% overlap

PP

CPP

PP

CPP

1

12

2

x-axis

Ph

oto

1

Ph

oto

2

PP1PP

2

Principal Point of Photo #2

Page 4: Flightline of Vertical Aerial Photography

Geometry of A Vertical Geometry of A Vertical Aerial Photograph Aerial Photograph

Obtained Over Obtained Over Flat TerrainFlat Terrain

Geometry of A Vertical Geometry of A Vertical Aerial Photograph Aerial Photograph

Obtained Over Obtained Over Flat TerrainFlat Terrain

Page 5: Flightline of Vertical Aerial Photography

Geometry of A Vertical Aerial Photograph Geometry of A Vertical Aerial Photograph Collected Over Flat Terrain Collected Over Flat Terrain

Geometry of A Vertical Aerial Photograph Geometry of A Vertical Aerial Photograph Collected Over Flat Terrain Collected Over Flat Terrain

Jensen, 2000Jensen, 2000Jensen, 2000Jensen, 2000

Principal Point

Optical axis

Camera lens

Focal length, f

A B

a b

o

P

Positive print

Real-world object space

Image space

Altitude above ground level,

H

Exposure Station, L

Principal Point

Optical axis

Camera lens

Focal length, f

A B

a b

o

P

Positive print

Real-world object space

Image space

Altitude above ground level,

H

Exposure Station, L

Page 6: Flightline of Vertical Aerial Photography

Geometry of A Vertical Geometry of A Vertical Aerial Photograph Aerial Photograph

Collected Over Variable Collected Over Variable Relief TerrainRelief Terrain

Geometry of A Vertical Geometry of A Vertical Aerial Photograph Aerial Photograph

Collected Over Variable Collected Over Variable Relief TerrainRelief Terrain

Jensen, 2000Jensen, 2000Jensen, 2000Jensen, 2000

Average elevation above sea level,

h

Camera lens

Focal length f

Exposure station, L

A B

e go

P

Sea level

C

D

Highest elevation above sea level,

h max

Lowest elevation above sea level,

hmin

c d

Altitude above

sea level H

E

G

a bImage space

Object space

Average elevation above sea level,

h

Camera lens

Focal length f

Exposure station, L

A B

e go

P

Sea level

C

D

Highest elevation above sea level,

h max

Lowest elevation above sea level,

hmin

c d

Altitude above

sea level H

E

G

a bImage space

Object space

Page 7: Flightline of Vertical Aerial Photography

Measurement of Object Height From A Single Measurement of Object Height From A Single Aerial Photograph Based on Relief Displacement Aerial Photograph Based on Relief Displacement Measurement of Object Height From A Single Measurement of Object Height From A Single

Aerial Photograph Based on Relief Displacement Aerial Photograph Based on Relief Displacement

Jensen, 2000Jensen, 2000Jensen, 2000Jensen, 2000

Principal point (PP)

d

L

ine

of f

ligh

t

d

r Principal point (PP)

d

L

ine

of f

ligh

t

d

r

Lin

e of

fli

ght

Lin

e of

fli

ght

Page 8: Flightline of Vertical Aerial Photography

Measurement of Object Height From A Single Measurement of Object Height From A Single Aerial Photograph Based on Relief Displacement Aerial Photograph Based on Relief Displacement Measurement of Object Height From A Single Measurement of Object Height From A Single

Aerial Photograph Based on Relief Displacement Aerial Photograph Based on Relief Displacement

Jensen, 2000Jensen, 2000Jensen, 2000Jensen, 2000

r

Negative

Exposure station, L

local datum

h

H

d r

H

=

d

h

h d

r =

H x

r = 2.23 in. d = 0.129 in. H = 2978.5 ft above local datum h = 172 ft

Principal point

Positive

f

A

B

a

b’

b

a’

o

o’

PP

r

Negative

Exposure station, L

local datum

h

H

d r

H

=

d

h

h d

r =

H x

r = 2.23 in. d = 0.129 in. H = 2978.5 ft above local datum h = 172 ft

Principal point

Positive

f

A

B

a

b’

b

a’

o

o’

PP

Page 9: Flightline of Vertical Aerial Photography

Measurement of Object Height From A Single Aerial Measurement of Object Height From A Single Aerial Photograph Based on Shadow Length on Level Terrain Photograph Based on Shadow Length on Level Terrain

Measurement of Object Height From A Single Aerial Measurement of Object Height From A Single Aerial Photograph Based on Shadow Length on Level Terrain Photograph Based on Shadow Length on Level Terrain

Jensen, 2000Jensen, 2000Jensen, 2000Jensen, 2000

Sun's rays

shadowL

Measurement of the Height of Objects Based on Shadow Length

h

a

tan a = adjacent

opposite

= shadow, L

height, h

h = L x tan a

Sun's rays

shadowL

Measurement of the Height of Objects Based on Shadow Length

h

a

tan a = adjacent

opposite

= shadow, L

height, h

h = L x tan a

Sun’s rays

Sun’s rays

Page 10: Flightline of Vertical Aerial Photography

Object Height Object Height Determined by Determined by Shadow LengthShadow Length

Object Height Object Height Determined by Determined by Shadow LengthShadow Length

Jensen, 2000Jensen, 2000Jensen, 2000Jensen, 2000

0.119” 59.1’

0.241” 119.65’

0.119” 59.1’

0.241” 119.65’

0.119”0.119” 59.1’59.1’

0.241”0.241” 119.65’119.65’

Page 11: Flightline of Vertical Aerial Photography

Parallactic Angles Used Parallactic Angles Used During Depth PerceptionDuring Depth PerceptionParallactic Angles Used Parallactic Angles Used During Depth PerceptionDuring Depth Perception

Jensen, 2000Jensen, 2000Jensen, 2000Jensen, 2000

0.119”0.119” 59.1’59.1’

Page 12: Flightline of Vertical Aerial Photography

Stereoscopic Stereoscopic Viewing Viewing MethodsMethods

Stereoscopic Stereoscopic Viewing Viewing MethodsMethods

Jensen, 2000Jensen, 2000Jensen, 2000Jensen, 2000

Page 13: Flightline of Vertical Aerial Photography

Stereoscopic Parallax PrinciplesStereoscopic Parallax PrinciplesStereoscopic Parallax PrinciplesStereoscopic Parallax Principles

Jensen, 2000Jensen, 2000Jensen, 2000Jensen, 2000

Page 14: Flightline of Vertical Aerial Photography

Computing the Computing the Height of Height of the Senate the Senate

Condominium in Condominium in Columbia, SC Columbia, SC

Using Stereoscopic Using Stereoscopic Parallax Parallax

MeasurementsMeasurements

Computing the Computing the Height of Height of the Senate the Senate

Condominium in Condominium in Columbia, SC Columbia, SC

Using Stereoscopic Using Stereoscopic Parallax Parallax

MeasurementsMeasurements

Jensen, 2000Jensen, 2000Jensen, 2000Jensen, 2000

A-base 4-4

a’

xb’ -0.267”

-3.820” xa =

xa’ -0.270”=xb = -3.606”

=

a b a’

b’

o

= 3.55 - 3.339”

0.211”=pa 3.55” =

bp = 3.339”

Profile view of Photos 4-5 and 4-4

in superposition

PP

A-base4-4

4-4CPP4-5

Ph

oto

4-4

x-axis

y-ax

is

b = base

a = topb -3.606”=x

a=x -3.82”

3.41”

PP4-4

Profile view of Photo 4-4

A

B

a b

A-base 4-5

PP4-5

Profile view of Photo 4-5

a’b’

A

B

PP

CPP

A-base 4-54-5

4-4

a’

b’

b’

a’ -0.270”

-0.267”

=

=x

x

3.39” Line of flight

L 2 L1

Plan view of Photo 4-5

Plan view of Photo 4-4

CPP4-5

Line of flight

oo

oo

dp

dp

a. b.

c. d.

e.

Ph

oto

4-5

Superposition of Photos 4-5, 4-4

CPP4-4

A-base 4-4

a’

xb’ -0.267”

-3.820” xa =

xa’ -0.270”=xb = -3.606”

=

a b a’

b’

o

= 3.55 - 3.339”

0.211”=pa 3.55” =

bp = 3.339”

Profile view of Photos 4-5 and 4-4

in superposition

PP

A-base4-4

4-4CPP4-5

Ph

oto

4-4

x-axis

y-ax

is

b = base

a = topb -3.606”=x

a=x -3.82”

3.41”

PP4-4

Profile view of Photo 4-4

A

B

a b

A-base 4-5

PP4-5

Profile view of Photo 4-5

a’b’

A

B

PP

CPP

A-base 4-54-5

4-4

a’

b’

b’

a’ -0.270”

-0.267”

=

=x

x

3.39” Line of flight

L 2 L1

Plan view of Photo 4-5

Plan view of Photo 4-4

CPP4-5

Line of flight

oo

oo

dp

dp

a. b.

c. d.

e.

Ph

oto

4-5

Superposition of Photos 4-5, 4-4

CPP4-4

Page 15: Flightline of Vertical Aerial Photography

Urban Infrastructure of Rosslyn, Virginia Derived Using Soft-Copy Photogrammetric Techniques

Urban Infrastructure of Rosslyn, Virginia Derived Using Soft-Copy Photogrammetric Techniques