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Five-Year Review Report Second Five-Year Review Report for Helena Chemical Company (Tampa Plant) EPA ID FLD053502696 Tampa Hillsborough County, Florida May 2011 Prepared By: E^ Inc. 921 Second Street SE Charlottesville, Virginia 22902 Prepared For: United States Environmental Protection Agency Region 4 Atlanta, Georgia Approved b5^: 'franklin E. Hill Director, Superfund Division 1 li 10801697

Five-Year Review Report Second Five-Year Review Report

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Page 1: Five-Year Review Report Second Five-Year Review Report

Five-Year Review Report

Second Five-Year Review Report for

Helena Chemical Company (Tampa Plant) EPA ID FLD053502696

Tampa Hillsborough County Florida

May 2011

Prepared By E Inc

921 Second Street SE Charlottesville Virginia

22902

Prepared For United States Environmental Protection Agency

Region 4 Atlanta Georgia

Approved b5

franklin E Hill Director Superfund Division

1 li 10801697

Second Five-Year Review Report for

Helena Chemical Conipany (Tampa Plant) 2405 North 71 Street

Tampa Hillsborough County Florida

List of Acronyms 3

Executive Summary 4

Five-Year Review Summary Form 7

10 Introduction 9

20 Site Chronology 10

30 Background 11

31 PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS 11

32 LAND AND RESOURCE USE 15

33 HISTORY OF CONTAMINATION 15

34 INITIAL RESPONSE 17

35 BASIS FOR TAKING ACTION 17

40 Remedial Actions 18

41 REMEDY SELECTION 18

42 REMEDY IMPLEMENTATION 20

43 OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE (OampM) 26

50 Progress Since the Last Five-Year Review 27

51 GROUND WATER REMEDY DISCUSSIONS 28

52 XYLENE SOURCE AREA DISCUSSIONS 29

53 INSTITUTIONAL CONTROLS EVALUATION 29

60 Five-Year Review Process 31

61 ADMINISTRATIVE COMPONENTS 31

62 COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT 31

63 DOCUMENT REVIEW 31

64 DATA REVIEW 33

65 SITE INSPECTION 39

66 INTERVIEWS 43

70 Technical Assessment 45

71 QUESTION A Is THE REMEDY FUNCTIONING AS INTENDED BY THE DECISION

DOCUMENTS 45

72 QUESTION B ARE THE EXPOSURE ASSUMPTIONS TOXICITY DATA CLEANUP LEVELS AND

REMEDIAL ACTION OBJECTIVES (RAOS) USED AT THE TIME OF REMEDY SELECTION

STILL VALID 4 6

73 QUESTION C HAS ANY OTHER INFORMATION COME TO LIGHT THAT COULD CALL INTO

QUESTION THE PROTECTIVENESS OF THE REMEDY 46

74 TECHNICAL ASSESSMENT SUMMARY 46

80 Issues 48

90 Recommendations and Follow-up Actions 49

100 Protectiveness Statements 50

110 Next Review 51

Appendix A List of Documents Reviewed A-l

Appendix B Press Notice B-1

Appendix C Interview Forms C-1

Appendix D Site Inspection Checklist D-1

Appendix E Photographs from Site Inspection Visit E-1

Tables Table 1 Chronology of Site Events 10 Table 2 COCs and Cleanup Goals 19 Table 3 Progress on Recommendations from the 2006 FYR 27 Table 4 Previous and 2010 ARARs for Ground Water COCs 33 Table 5 Sulfur Area Pilot Test COC Detections in Ground Water to Date 34 Table 6 Xylene Area Pilot Test COC Detections in Ground Water to Date 37 Table 7 Institutional Control (IC) Summary Table 42 Table 8 Current Site Issues 48 Table 9 Recommendations to Address Current Site Issues 49

Figures Figure 1 Site Location Map 13 Figure 2 Detailed Site Map 14 Figure 3 Map of Pilot Study Area 25 Figure 4 Site Parcel Map 41

List of Acronyms

44-DDT 44-Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane figL micrograms per liter ARAR Applicable or Relevant and Appropriate Requirement bgs below ground surface BHC Benzene Hexachloride CERCLA Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation and Liability Act CFR Code of Federal Regulations CIC Community Involvement Coordinator COC Contaminant of Concem DDD Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane DDE Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene ~ DDT Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane EPA United States Environmental Protection Agency ESD Explanation of Significant Differences FAC Florida Administrative Code FDEP Florida Department of Environmental Protection FHRS Florida Department of Health and Rehabilitative Sei-vices FYR Five-Year Review HQ Hazard Quotient IC Institutional Control LTTD Low Temperature Themial Desorption MCL Maximum Contaminant Level mgkg milligrams per kilogram NCP National Contingency Plan NPL National Priorities List OampM Operation and Maintenance PRP Potentially Responsible Party RA remedial action RAO remedial action objective RD remedial design RIFS remedial investigation and feasibility study ROD record of decision RPM Remedial-Project Manager SWFWMD Southwest Florida Water Management District TBC To-Be-Considered Criteria VOC Volatile Organic Compound

Executive Summary

Introduction

The Helena Chemical Company (Tampa Plant) Site (the Site) consists of approximately eight acres located on four property parcels in Tampa Hillsborough County Florida Since 1929 the Site has been used for pesticide and agricultural chemical operations Helena Chemical Company moved most ofthe plants chemical formulation activities to a facility in Georgia in 1981 Some fonnulation and packaging of insecticidal spray oil and liquid fertilizers continues at the facility however the Site serves predominantly as a warehouse and distribution center for Helena Chemical Companys Florida sales locations Historical chemical mixing and fonnulation practices resulted in the contamination of soil and ground water with pesticides xylenes and sulfuric acid _ -_ mdash

The 1996 Record of Decision (ROD) selected a remedy for the Site that consisted of excavation and off-site disposal of contaminated soil from source areas and ground water containment extraction and treatment In 2000 approximately 7700 tons of pesticide-contaminated soil sediment and debris were excavated from the former xylene tank area and from the east drainage ditch along the CSX railway line located immediately to the south ofthe Site In 2004 and 2005 demolition and removal of concrete from the central courtyard area allowed for excavation of approximately 3000 tons of contaminated soil from the fonner sulfur pit area

The Site is located adjacent to two other Superfiind sites Alaric Area Ground Water Plume (Alaric Site) and Stauffer Chemical Co (Tampa) The ground water pump-and-treat system selected in the 1996 ROD has not been implemented so as not to exacerbate ground water plume migration from the Alaric Site In August 2009 the potentially responsible party (PRP) Helena Chemical Company began a pilot-scale bioremediation treatability study at the Site to test the effectiveness of substrate injection in ground water contaminant source areas in order for biological and physical degradation ofthe contaminants to occur The study was scheduled to continue for 12 months with a contingency period of another 12 months if necessary

The triggering action for this Five-Year Review (FYR) was the signing ofthe previous FYR report on January 31 2006

Remedial Action Objectives

The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) issued the site-wide ROD on May 7 1996 Based on the results ofthe Sites remedial investigation and feasibility study (RIFS) EPA detennined that remediation of soil sediment and ground water would be required for the protection of human health and the environment Remedial action objectives (RAOs) established in the ROD for the Site include

bull Restore the Site to beneficial use bull Reduce risk to human health within EPAs acceptable risk range (ie total residual

cancer risk between 1 x 10 to 1 x IO and maximum individual contaminant hazard quotient of one)

bull Reduce ecological risk and bull Protect ground water from continued degradation by site contaminants

Technical Assessment

The review of documents applicable or relevant and appropriate requirements (ARARs) risk assumptions and the Site inspection indicate that the Sites soil remedy is functioning as intended by Site decision documents for soil and sediment Pesticide-contaminated surface soil and sediment at the Site and the adjacent CSX railway line east drainage ditch were excavated and shipped offsite for biological treatment and disposal Contaminated soil and residual sulfur were also excavated and shipped offsite for disposal Since there is commingling ofthe Sites ground water plumes with those ofthe adjacent Alaric Site the pump-and-treat ground water remedy selected in the 1996 ROD may not cun^ently be appropriate to-implement at the Site until the Alaric Sites plumes have been remediated Helena Chemical Company proposed a pilot-scale treatability study to evaluate the feasibility of biological and physical ground water contaminant degradation The work plan for this treatability study was approved by EPA in August 2009 The study is currently underway and was scheduled to conclude by the fourth quarter of 2010 with a contingency period of another 12 months if necessary A final report documenting the effectiveness ofthe first full year ofthe treatability study was not available at the time this FYR report was drafted therefore a decision regarding whether to implement the additional 12 month contingency period had also not been made The final results ofthe treatability study will be used to infonn the selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site In the event that the treatability study is not successful EPA may consider additional avenues to approach remediation including additional excavation

The ARARs for four ofthe nine ground water contaminants of concem (COCs) aldrin alpha-benzene hexachloride (BHC) beta-BHC and dieldrin have become more stringent since the signing ofthe 1996 ROD During the current ground water treatability study alpha-BHC and beta-BHC have been detected at levels greater than the 1996 cleanup goal Remedial activities at the Site have allowed the continued industrial use ofthe property and have reduced ecological risk at the Site The selection of a revised ground water remedy is required before achieving the remaining two RAOs 1) protection of ground water from confinued degradadon by site contaminants and 2) reduction of risk to human health within EPAs acceptable risk range Residual soil contaminafion remains present below the water table and the ground water plume continues to exceed cleanup goals The industrial land use at the Site and in the surrounding area has not changed since the ROD was signed therefore the exposure assumptions are sfill valid

The 1996 ROD selected the implementation of institutional controls in the fonn of deed restrictions because industrial remedial goals for the soil and sediment were selected due to the Sites industrial zoning In addition an engineering control in the form of fencing was specified Land use restrictions have not yet been implemented for the Site however some interim institutional controls to protect against exposure to ground water contamination have been implemented Current and future zoning designations are consistent with the industrial land use criteria used in selection of Site COC cleanup goals In 2008 EPA entered into a Memorandum of Agreement with the Southwest Florida Water Management District (SWFWMD) The document confirms SWFWMDs regulatory authority to place restrictions on

well placement and constmction Through shared infonnation between the two agencies SWFWMD can make infonned pennitting and enforcement decisions to prevent exposure to ground water contamination that could pose a risk to human health No impacted ground water wells are used for potable water buildings at the Site and in the surrounding area are connected to municipal water supply lines At the request ofthe FDEP the need for additional institutional controls will be evaluated upon selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site

The Site is well-maintained and is suirounded by a secured perimeter fence with signs restricting access Access is limited to authorized persons during regular business hours All site-related wells have been secured or if no longer operational have been properly abandoned

Conclusion

The Sites remedy cun-enfiy protects huinan health and the environment in the short-temi because it is functioning as intended by the Sites decision documents for soil and sediment Source materials have been excavated and removed for off-site treatment and disposal The selected ground water remedy has not yet been implemented due to concems with promoting migration ofthe ground water plume from the neighboring Alaric Site A pilot-scale bioremediation treatability study is underway and will hopefijlly aid in the selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site The affected surficial aquifer in the vicinity ofthe Site is not used for potable water supply and area residents and businesses are connected to municipal water supply In order for the remedy to be protective in the long-term issues concerning implementation of a revised ground water remedy and institutional should be addressed

Five-Year Review Summary Form

SITE IDENTIFICATION Site name (fnnn WasteLAN) Helena Chemical Company (Tampa Plant) EPA ID (from WasteLAN) FLD053502696

Region 4 State Florida CityCounty TanipaHillsborough County

S I T E S T A T U S

NPL status ^ Final D Deleted D Other (specify) Remediation status (choose all that apply) ^ Under Construction HH Operating Q Complete Multiple OUs D YES ^ NO ^ ^ bdquo bdquo ^ ^ v^ Has site been put into reuse [^ YES I I NO Site is in c

Construction completion date Not Applicable ontiiiued use by the Helena Clieiiiical Company

R E V I E W S T A T U S

Lead agency | ^ EPA I I State I I Tribe I I Other Federal Agency

4uthor name Sabrina Foster and Cliristy Fielden (Reviewed by EPA) Author title Associate and Project Manager uthor affiliation E Inc

Review period 04152010 to 01312011 Date(s) of site inspection 07082010

Type of review IXI Post-SARA n Pre-SARA I I Non-NPL Remedial Action Site I I Regional Discretion

n NPL-Remova only n NPL StateTribe-lead

Review nuniber Q 1 (First) ^ 2 (second) Q 3 (third) bull Other (specify)

Triggering action I I Actual RA Onsite Construction at 0U I I Construction Completion I I Other (specify)

n Actual RA Start at 0U 1X1 Previous Five-Year Review Report

Triggering action date (from WasteLAM) 01312006 Due date (fiveyears after triggering action date) 0131 201 1

OU refers lo operable unit] [Review period should correspond to lhe actual start and end dates ofthe Five-Year Review in WasteLAN]

Five-Year Review Summary Form continued

Issues 1) A revised ground water remedy for the Site has not been selected or implemented and sampling events continue to detect COC concentrations in groutid water that are greater than cleanup goals 2) Land use restrictions for the Site have not yet been implemented 3) The ARARs for aldrin alpha-BHC beta-BHC and dieldrin have become more stringent since the signing ofthe 1996 ROD

Recommendations and Follow-up Actions 1) At the conclusion ofthe current pilot study evaluate results and if appropriate document the selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Sile 2) During the future modification ofthe selected ground water remedy evaluate the need for soil and sediment source control institutional controls and for additional ground water institutional controls and implement as appropriate

Protectiveness Statement The Sites remedy cuiTently protects human health and the environment in the short-term because it is functioning as intended by the Sites decision documents for soil and sediment Source materials have been excavated and removed for off-site treatment and disposal The selected ground water remedy has not yet been implemented due to concems with promoting migration ofthe ground water plume from the neighboring Alaric Site A pilot-scale bioremediation treatability study is underway and vvill hopefully aid in the selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site The affected surficial aquifer in the vicinity ofthe Site is not used for potable water supply and area residents and businesses are connected to municipal water supply In order for the remedy to be protective in the long-term issues concerning implementation of a revised ground water remedy and institutional controls should be addressed

Other Coniments Deed records for the Site could not be located tlirough the Hillsborough County Deed Records Office or tlirough an EPA property title search If evaluation of appropriate institutional controls for the Site results in the selection of a restrictive covenant these deed records will need to be located for the restrictive covenant to be implemented

Environmental Indicators - Current hunian exposures at this site are under control - Current ground water migration is not under control

Are Necessarv Institutional Controls in Place n All lEl Some D None A Memorandum of Agreement between EPA and the Southwest Florida Water Management District (SWFWMD) confirms SWFWMDs authority to regulate ground water well use and to impose additional restrictions for the Site and surrounding area Current and anticipated ftiture land uses and zoning are consistent with the industrial criteria used in selection of Site cleanup goals At the request ofthe FDEP once a revised ground water remedy has been selected the Site will be further evaluated to detennine whether additional institutional controls are required

Has the Site Been Designated as Site-Wide Readv for Anticipated Use D Yes ^ No

Second Five-Year Review Report for

Helena Chemicai Company (Tampa Plant) Superfund Site

10 Introduction

The purpose of a Five-Year Review (FYR) is to evaluate the implementation and perfoimance of a remedy in order to detemiine if the remedy will confinue to be protective of human health and the environinent The methods findings and conclusions of FYRs are documented in five-year review reports In addition FYR reports identify issues found during the review ifany and document recommendations to address them

The US Environmental Protecfion Agency (EPA) prepares FYRs pursuant to the Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA) Section 121 and the National Confingency Plan (NCP) CERCLA Secfion 121 states

If the President selects a remedial action that results in any hazardous substances pollutants or contaminants remaining at the site the President shall review such remedial action no less often than each five years after the initiation of such remedial action to assure that human health and the environinent are being protected by the remedial action being implemented In addition if upon such review it is the judgment ofthe President that acfion is appropriate at such site in accordance with section [104] or [106] the President shall take or require such action The President shall report to the Congress a list of facilifies for which such review is required the results of all such reviews and any actions taken as a result of such reviews

EPA interpreted this requirement further in the NCP Title 40 ofthe Code of Federal Regulafions (CFR) Secfion 300430(f)(4)(ii) states

If a remedial acfion is selected that results in hazardous substances pollutants or contaminants remaining at the site above levels that allow for unlimited use and unrestricted exposure the lead agency shall review such actions no less often than every five years after the initiation ofthe selected remedial action

E Inc an EPA Region 4 contractor conducted the FYR and prepared this report regarding the remedy implemented at the Helena Chemical Company (Tampa Plant) Site (the Site) in Tampa Hillsborough County Florida This FYR was conducted from April of 2010 to January of 2011 EPA is the lead agency for developing and implementing the remedy for the potentially responsible party (PRP)-financed cleanup at the Site The Florida Department of Environmental Protection (FDEP) as the support agency representing the State of Florida has reviewed all supporting documentafion and provided input to EPA during the FYR process

This is the second FYR for the Site The triggering action for this statutory review is the previous FYR in 2006 The FYR is required due to the fact that hazardous substances pollutants or contaminants remain at the Site above levels that allow for unlimited use and unrestricted exposure

20 Site Chronology

The following table lists the dates of important events for the Site

Table 1 Chronology of Site Events

Event Initial discovery of contamination Site proposed for the National Priorities List (NPL) Administrative Order on Consent between EPA and Helena Chemical Company remedial investigation and feasibility study (RIFS) start date Site listed on the NPL RIFS completed -Record of Decision (ROD) signed Unilateral Administrative Order and Consent Decree issued by EPA to Helena Chemical Company for implementation of remedial design (RD) and remedial action (RA) RD start date Soil RD completion date and RA start date Soil RA completed RD for sulfur area started RD for sulfur area completed Explanation of Significant Differences (ESD) for xylene issued Consent Decree issued by EPA to Helena Cheinical Company for cost recovery First FYR signed Memorandum of Agreement signed between EPA Region 4 and Southwest Florida Water Management District (SWFWMD) Pilot test for ground water and interini monitoring program start

Date August I 1980

February 7 1992 September 2 1992

October 14 1992 Iuly20 1995 Mav 7 1996

December 10 1996

December 26 1996 Februan 142000

March 7 2001 March 182003

May 8 2003 lanuary 27 2005

July 20 2005

January 31 2006 September 11 2008

August 2009

30 Background

31 Physical Characteristics

The Site is located at 2405 North 71^ Street within the City of Tampa in Hillsborough County Florida (Figure 1) This active commercial and industrial land use area is known as Orient Park or Bunchville An acfive CSX railway line mns along the southem border ofthe Site The active main operating facility is on a single 65-acre parcel (Parcel A-I4-29-19-4CA-000000-000220) bounded by Orient Road to the east East 14 Avenue to the north and North 71^ Street to the west Three additional parcels (Parcel A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000320 Parcel A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000330 and Parcel A-14-29-19-4CE-000003-000010) totaling 197 acres located west of North 71 Street are also included as part ofthe Site and are known as the Helena Woods The Site is situated between two other Superfund sites I) the Alaric Area Ground Water Plume Superfund Site (Alaric Site) to the north ofthe Helena Woods area and to the west ofthe main operating facility and 2) the Stauffer Chemical Company (Tampa) Superfund Site to the southeast ofthe Site on the southem side ofthe CSX railroad tracks

The Site is approximately 05 miles west of Six Mile Creek and the Tampa Bypass Canal The Site is subject to flooding during periods of intense and extended rainfall Surface water at the Site is composed entirely of stonnwater mnoff and the sediment remediation in the Sites selected remedy addresses sediment deposited by this overland flow Stonnwater mnoff from the central portion ofthe Site channels into concrete drainage swales and flows into an on-site retention pond located in the southeastem comer ofthe operating facility parcel The retenfion pond is designed to hold stonnwater mnoff during a 20-year stonn A spillway at the southeastem corner ofthe retention pond allows overflow to drain into a drainage ditch parallel to the CSX railroad tracks The retention pond is part ofthe mnoff control system at the Site and does not constitute a significant ecological habitat

On the westem and northem boundaries ofthe operating facility parcel stonnwater flows to the southwest where it collects in a low-lying section ofthe Helena Woods area and then flows to the north via a paired ditchculvert system along the east and west shoulders of North 71st Street On the east boundary surface water flow continues south along the ditch parallel to Orient Road Drainage tums eastward through a culvert under Orient Road then travels east-northeast for approximately 05 miles The drainage pathway continues through a swale on the north side ofthe CSX right-of-way

Surficial deposits at the Site consist of a thin three to six inch layer of topsoil and sediment covering fine- to medium-grained sands These deposits extend approximately 11 feet below the ground surface (bgs) and are primarily unconsolidated brown fineshygrained sands with traces of organic matter clay silt medium-grained sand and shells The surficial deposits fonn a sharp contact with the underlying Intemiediate Confining Unit which is a stiff intemiediate clay unit between the overlying surficial aquifer and the underlying poorly consolidated limestones that grade into more indurated limestones

11

The bottom portions ofthe surficial unit are saturated year-round the water table fluctuates drasfically with precipitation with seasonal high-water tables rising to within one foot bgs The clay ofthe Intermediate Confining Unit or intennediate aquifer system has low hydraulic pemieability and fonns the semi-confining unit between the ground water of the surficial aquifer and the Floridan aquifer The Upper Floridan aquifer is encountered at approximately 80 feet bgs Moderately indurated clayey sandy limestone is present in the upper section ofthe Floridan aquifer

Ground water flow at the Site is oriented in a radial pattem to the northeast east southeast south and southwest Gradients are the highest in the southeastem direction and lowest toward the northeast and southwest

12

Figure I Site Location Map

Helena Chemical Company Superfund Site Tampa HiHsborough County Florida

Disclaimer This map and any boundary lines within the map are approximate and subject to change The map is not a survey The map is for informational purposes only regarding EPAs response actions at the Site and is not intended for any other purpose

13

Figure 2 Detailed Site Map

~ vHak Area Ground Water Plume Site t

h-V -bull

^

KbullVI^tHl

-

4 ^

See Figure 3 _JSCnSt detail

T--

bdquo bdquo ^ bdquo I

1

I C ^ bullbull

Stauffer Chemical Company (Tampa) Site

Zi

Lagand [ __ ftppronmals Boundary at Suf id A q u h i Gtowid VUMCf Plume L ^ BounMry

17 AjipxiitrratD Boundary of inMimodixe Aqutar System Grcurd Matnr Plume ^ Priaiate WWis Found D i ^ r ^ Sts inapecVon

bull lnlBiniediraquoIeA^u-fcrSyilBT MonlaingwVei Incnaed in Monilonnj Program S SurfcalApufcr Mantarng WBK Incliided in Manitomg Prcgran

^ Weimedisie Aquilei Sysle-n Moiatof Kig Well Not lncjltteltlaquo in Monltonng Progiain pound Suifcal Aqullte Montamo Well Not Inoufled n Monilonrraquo8 Pr agiam

Helena Chemical Company Superfund Site Tampa Hillsborough County Florida

y Disclaimer This map and any boundary lines within the map are approximate and subject to change The map is not a survey The map is for informational purposes only regarding EPAs response actions at the Site and is not intended for any other purpose

14

32 Land and Resource Use

The Site has been used for the manufacture storage and distribution of agricultural products since 1929 The original Site owner Flag Sulfur Company fomiulated a wide variety of insecticides herbicides and fungicides including wettable and dusting sulfur at the Site from 1929 until 1967 Helena Chemical Company acquired the business in 1967 and continued manufacturing operations In 1981 Helena Chemical Company

moved the pesticides herbicides and fiingicides fonnulation operafions to a facility in Georgia in 1981 and the Tampa facility has confinued fomiulating and packaging insecticidal spray oil and liquid fertilizers since that time The Site also serves as Helena Chemical Companys main distribution warehouse for sales locations in the State of Florida

The Site consists of four land parcels within a secured Site perimeter fence The largest of these parcels (65 acres) contains the active Helena Chemical Company offices warehouses and distribufion centers as well as associated paved parking areas This parcel (A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000220) is presenfly zoned for light industrial land uses The Planning Commission serving Hillsborough County the City of Plant City the City of Temple Terrace and the City of Tampa anticipates this parcels fijture land use to be heavy industrial The three smaller parcels forming the Helena Woods area are covered by low grassy vegetation and oak trees and also contain several ground water monitoring wells for the Alaric Site located immediately to the north Two ofthe Helena Woods parcels are listed as being vacant and the third is zoned for a mobile home park The Planning Commission anficipates that all three parcels will be zoned for heavy industrial use in the future North 7P Street fomierly crossed the CSX railroad tracks to the south ofthe Site but the road was closed after an accident at the crossing The street now dead ends at the entrance gate to the tmck loading area on the Helena Cheinical Company property and the closed section of street between the entrance gate and the railroad tracks is included within the Site perimeter fencing

Surrounding land uses predominanfly include various light and heavy industrial uses as well as commercial land uses Small pockets of single family residences are located several blocks to the north and to the west ofthe Site Buildings on the Site and throughout the area impacted by site-related ground water contaniination are connected to municipal water supply lines None ofthe ground water wells impacted by contamination fi^om the Site are used for potable water supply

33 History of Contamination

The facility was built in 1929 as a chemical plant for the production of sulfur and was owned and operated by Flag Sulfur Conipany No historical records regarding the specific products formulated during Flag Sulfijr Company operafions are available but previous facility managers indicated that the conipany manufactured wettable and dusting sulfijr and fomiulated pesticides herbicides fungicides and fertilizers at the Site In 1967 Helena Chemical Conipany purchased the facility fi^om Duval Corporation the owner of Flag Sulfur Company From 1967 to 1981 Helena Chemical Conipany produced

15

wettable and dusting sulfur and fomiulated pesticides herbicides fungicides and fertilizers at the Site The company purchased the raw niaterials fi^oiii suppliers and added solvent emulsifiers andor surfactant to give the finished product certain characteristics required for various applications and strengths

Historically most agricultural chemical fonnulation occurred in the East Warehouse building located in the south central portion ofthe main operating facility parcel The fonnulation process for liquid products would consist of mixing a technical chemical with various solvents a surfactant andor emulsifiers in aboveground mixing vessels in the East Warehouse building Various solvents including xylene and an intemiediate range petroleum solvent called T-500 were used as pesticide carriers or diluents These solvents were stored on site in aboveground storage tanks A 3500-galIon capacity aboveground xylene storage tank was historically located in a benned area to the east of the East Warehouse building This tank was vandalized in 1977 causing a release of xylene to the soil and ground water below

In 1974 Helena Cheinical Company began using a three-tank pollution control system to handle the wash-down waste generated from pesticide manufacturing The wash-down waste consisted primarily of pesticides in a xylene carrier It was diluted with other process water and stonnwater treated vvith caustic soda run through an aeration evaporation treatnient system and finally discharged to the on-site stomiwater retention pond Sludges associated with the treatment system were periodically removed and shipped to the Chemical Waste Management Inc facility in Emelle Alabama for appropriate disposal At an undetemiined time between 1984 and 1988 use ofthe three-tank pollution control system was discontinued

According to the 1996 ROD the on-site stomiwater retention pond may have received some overflow waste from the East Warehouse building before the pollution control tanks were installed in 1974 During construction ofthe retention pond soil in the southeastem portion ofthe Site was removed using backhoes and placed in the Helena Woods area While the Helena Woods area was never used for agricultural chemical fonnulation or packaging contaniination in this area is attributed to the dredge niaterials irom the retention pond and to treatinent with pesticides and herbicides during routine maintenance activities

Dry products were formulated in the east end ofthe West Warehouse building just south ofthe loading dock using a Raymond Mill for grinding and a set of ribbon blenders for mixing Helena Chemical Company would then package the finished product for resale Both Flag Sulfur Company and Helena Chemical Conipany manufactured sulfiir dust and wettable sulfur on site Flag Sulfur Companys operations are largely unknown Helena Chemical Companys sulfur processing operations consisted of transporting molten sulfur to the Site and unloading the sulfur in the fonner sulfijr pit area located south ofthe current central paved courtyard between the West and East Warehouse buildings The sulfur was contained in berms for a period of approximately 48 hours until it had solidified Heavy equipment was then used to break the sulfur into pieces for processing through the Raymond Mill

16

34 Initial Response

In 1976 Helena Chemical Company stopped processing sulfijr products The fomier sulfur pit area was excavated and then filled with clean sand In 1980 the fomiulation of dry fertilizers was also discontinued at the facility In 1981 Helena Chemical Company moved the pesticide herbicide and fungicide fonnulation operation to a company facility in Georgia Since 1981 Helena Chemical Company has fomiulated insecficidal petroleum oil (a 70-viscosity paraffin-based oil with an emulsifier additive) and liquid fertilizers at the Site In addition to products produced at the facility numerous agricultural products are stored in the warehouse prior to distribution to Helena Chemical

- Companys Florida sales offices mdash

In 1984 FDEP inspected the Site and required quarterly monitoring ofthe surficial aquifer From 1988 to 1990 EPA investigated the Site and found pesticide contaniination in the on-site soil sediment and surficial aquifer Based on the potential for hunian exposure via ingestion of contaminated ground water EPA proposed the Site for listing on the NPL in Febmary 1992 and finalized the listing in October 1992

The Florida Department of Health and Rehabilitative Services (FHRS the predecessor of FDEP) in cooperation with the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry prepared a public health assessment for the Site in September 1993 In that report FHRS expressed concem for on-site worker contact with contaminated soil and exposure to sediment and ground water FHRS made several recommendations that additional data should be collected Under a September 1992 Consent Order with EPA Helena Cheinical Coinpany perfonned a RIFS at the Site The primary objectives ofthe invesfigation were to detemiine the nature magnitude and extent of contamination evaluate potential risks to human health and the environinent and evaluate potential cleanup altematives Site operations have remained active throughout site investigations and remedial activities

35 Basis for Taking Action

The results ofthe RIFS documented extensive surface soil and sediment contaniination including pesticides semivolatile organic compounds and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) related to fonner operations by Helena Chemical Company and its predecessors The investigations also documented contamination of ground water in the surficial aquifer and intemiediate aquifer systems with chlorinated pesticides polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons phenols and VOCs A human health risk assessment perfonned by Black and Veatch in 1994 concluded that risks to current and future site workers current and future trespassers and potential future Site residents exceeded acceptable risk and hazard thresholds

17

40 Remedial Actions

In accordance with CERCLA and the NCP the ovemiding goals for any remedial action are protecfion of human health and the environment and compliance with applicable or relevant and appropriate requirements (ARARs) A nuinber of remedial altemafives were considered for the Site fmal selection was made based on an evaluafion ofeach altemative against nine evaluation criteria that are specified in Secfion 300430(e)(9)(iii) ofthe NCP The nine criteria include

L Overall Protectiveness of Human Health and the Environment 2 Compliance with ARARs 3 Long-Tenn Effectiveness and Pennanence 4 Reduction of Toxicity Mobility or Volume of Contaminants through Treatment 5 Short-temi Effectiveness 6 Implementability 7 Cost 8 State Acceptance 9 Community Acceptance

41 Remedy Selection

EPA issued the site-wide ROD on May 7 1996 Based on the results ofthe Sites RIFS EPA detennined that remediation of soil sediment and ground water would be required for the protection of huinan health and the environment Remedial action objecfives (RAOs) established in the ROD for the Site include

bull Restore the Site to beneficial use bull Reduce risk to human health within EPAs acceptable risk range (ie total

residual cancer risk between 1 x 10 to 1 x 10 and maximum individual contaminant Hazard Quotient of 1)

bull Reduce ecological risk bull Protect ground water from continued degradation by Site contaminants

The remedy selected in the Sites 1996 ROD consisted ofthe following remedial components for source control in soil and sediment

Implement institutional controls (ie fencing (cumenfiy considered an engineering control) and deed restrictions) Demolish tank fanii pads east ofthe liquid processing building (East Warehouse) and dispose ofthe debris offsite Excavate material from the fonner sulfur pit and dispose of excavated materials offsite Neutralize soil in place if located in areas where sulfur is present but inaccessible Excavate contaminated surface soil and sediment (zero to two feet) where concentrations exceed soil cleanup goals Biologically treat contaminated surface soil and sediment

bull Place treated soil back on site

Major components ofthe ground water remedy selected in the 1996 ROD include

bull Extract contaminated ground water bull Treat contaminated ground water to meet surface water discharge standards bull Discharge treated ground water to on-site ponds or to the Tampa Bypass Canal

under a National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System pemiit bull Place controls on Site to restrict the use of ground water beneath the Site through

the filing of deed notices in order to limit exposure to contaminated ground water until cleanup goals are met

The 1996 ROD selected cleanup goals for contaminants of concem (COCs) in both ground water and surface soil (Table 2) As Site data suggested that sediments with pesticide contamination attributable to the Site were primarily present in drainage ditches that were typically dry remediation of sediment in Site drainage features was to be managed using the surface soil cleanup goals protective of hunian health The 1996 ROD also selected a confingency remedy for Site soil and sediment If treatability studies demonstrated that the selected biological treatinent remedy could not achieve the performance standards listed in Table 2 low temperature themial desorption (LTTD) was to be used in lieu ofthe biological treatnient

Table 2 COCs and Cleanup Goals

bull bull - y y Contaminant of Concern

44-dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (44-DDT) Aldrin Alpha-benzene hexachloride (Alpha-BHC) Beta-benzene hexachloride (Beta-BHC) Gamma-benzene hexachloride (Gamma-BHC) Chlordane Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane (DDD) Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) Dieldrin Endosulfan 1 Endosulfan II Heptachlor Heptachlor epoxide Total xylenes Toxaphene

Ground Water 7 Cleanup Goal

(micrograms per liter ^gL)

03

005

005

01

02

NA NA NA NA 01

7

2 NA NA 20 NA

Surface Soil and Sediment Cleanup Goal

(milligrams per kilogram mgkg)

NA

018

047

NA

NA

23 126 89 89

019 NA NA 067 034 NA 276

NA not applicable

19

In January 2005 EPA issued an Explanation of Significant Differences (ESD) to modify part ofthe remedy described in the 1996 ROD The purpose ofthe ESD was to modify the xylene cleanup goal for ground water from 20 micrograms per liter (|JgL) per the Florida secondary maximum contaminant level (MCL) to 10000 (igL per the State and federal primary MCL Secondary MCLs are non-mandatory standards under the Superfund prograin and are not enforceable by EPA however they are a component of the State of Floridas drinking water statute State and federal primary MCLs are enforceable standards established to protect the public against consumption of drinking water that presents a risk to huinan health The ESD also called for continued monitoring ofthe effecfiveness ofthe xylene treatnient and for evaluation of further remedial actions should the presence of xylene a solvent mobilize residual soil pesticide contaminants into ground water

42 Remedy Implementation

Remedial design and remedial actions for soil sediment and ground water at the Site are being implemented by the Helena Chemical Company under a 1996 Unilateral Administrative Order An additional Consent Decree was filed in 2005 for EPA to recover past and future costs incurred and to require Helena Cheinical Conipany to pay EPA oversight costs at the Site and at a separate Site in South Carolina also owned by Helena Chemical Coinpany

Soil and Sediment Source Control

In 1999 additional grid-based sampling was conducted in the xylene source area (east of the East Warehouse building) to detemiine the boundaries for the soil removal excavation Bench-scale studies were performed by EPAs Ecosystems Research Division and EPAs Science and Ecosystems Support Division to investigate the effectiveness of incorporating zero-valent iron in soil to facilitate abiotic degradation of chlorinated pesticides These studies were implemented in 1999 but were tenninated early due to lack of measurable COC degradation Helena Chemical Company then explored the option of using the Xenorein bioremediation process which had been successfijlly implemented on the adjacent Stauffer Chemical Co (Tampa) Superfund site The extent of contamination prevented direct application ofthe Xenorem approach at the Site Helena Chemical Conipany learned however that an off-site disposal facility the Waste Management Inc hazardous waste treatment facility in Carlyss Louisiana (facility nuniber LAD0007772010P1) had been authorized to bioremediate wastes in July 1998 and could potentially accept the excavated Site materials for bioremediafion at the off-site facility EPA approved the change from on-site to off-site treatinent and disposal of contaminated soil and sediment in a letter dated Febmary 14 2000

The 1996 ROD had also stipulated LTTD as a contingency soil treatment should biological treatinent be ineffective EPA requested this contingency be explored in 1999 Helena Chemical Coinpany retained Focus Environmental Inc to perfonn the evaluation ofthe contingency treatinent The evaluation concluded that LTTD was not a practical remedy for the Site primarily due to concems related to elevated sulfijr concentrations in

20

soil which would require air pollution controls to remove acid gas generated by the treatnient as well as space limitations on the Site which would not pemiit an efficient layout and operafion ofthe treatment and material handling units

In 2000 Helena Chemical Conipany excavated 7700 tons of pesticide-contaminated soil fi-om the Site including the xylene source area and an additional 600 tons of pesticide-contaminated soil and sediment from the drainage ditch area along the CSX railway right-of-way just south ofthe Site Soil was transported to the Waste Manageinent Inc facility in Carlyss Louisiana for bioremediation andoff-site disposal Surface soils were excavated to a depth of two feet According to the 1996 ROD the water table in the area fluctuates between two and four feet bgs Therefore the excavation of surface soils to two feet bgs would address soil contaminafion above the water table but not contaniination existing below the water table The excavation areas were lined with an --indicator fabric prior to backfilling the areas with clean inaterials and seeded with grass where appropriate

Delineation activifies to detemiine the extent of sulfur contaniination in the fonner sulfur pit area were perfonned from 2001 through 2003 and remedial work was perfomied in two separate phases A metal building covering much ofthe area where sulfijr remedial work was to be perfonned was dismanfled and transported offsite for recycling During phase 1 remedial work performed in 2004 soil and concrete were excavated from the elevated loading dock area and the west side ofthe tank fann for off-site treatinent and disposal During phase II remedial work perfonned in 2005 soil and concrete were excavated from the northem tank fann and fonner warehouse boundaries Approximately 3000 tons of soil and crystallized (fomierly molten) sulfur were removed during the 2004 and 2005 removal activities and also shipped to the Waste Management Inc facility in Carlyss Louisiana for off-site disposal

The 2005 ESD changed the xylene ground water cleanup goal from 20 |JgL to 10000 ^gL Since the presence of xylene in ground water could mobilize residual pesticide contamination in soil into ground water the ESD included post-treatment monitoring of the xylene area This monitoring includes all COCs established in the 1996 ROD and a specific assessment of whether the remaining xylene concentrations are sufficiently low to ensure that cosolvency is not facilitating the transport of residual pesticides that might be lingering in the soil If cosolvency is found to be mobilizing residual pesticide contaminants fi-om soil to ground water this assessment will be used to detennine whether further active treatment of xylene to below the federal and state primary standard is necessary

Ground Water

The ground water remedy described in the 1996 ROD has not yet been implemented at the Site due to discovery of contaminafion and investigations at the adjacent Alaric Site and concems that the selected remedy would potentially cause further contaminafion of the aquifer systems Altemative ground water treatments are currently being investigated in the pilot-scale treatability study underway at the Site Supplemental data collection and

21

ground water plume delineafion studies began in 1998 Ground water sampling perfonned in existing surficial aquifer and intemiediate aquifer system monitoring wells in Febmary 1998 resulted in the installation of additional surficial aquifer wells south of the Site to further delineate the nature and extent of contaniination The results ofthis study also detemiined the need for further investigation of ground water contamination in the xylene area (location of 1977 release immediately east ofthe East Warehouse on the Site Figure 3) in the sulfijr area (locafion ofthe fonner sulfiir pit in central courtyard on the Site Figure 3) and in the intemiediate aquifer system

Field activities to address the recommendations ofthe Febmary 1998 investigation were implemented in April 2001 Eight additional monitoring wells (MW-24 through MW-31 Figure 2) were installed south and east ofthe Site on City of Tampa rights-of-way to monitor the extent of contamination in the surficial aquifer Contamination was also identified in shallow areas ofthe intermediate aquifer system Ground water sampling and supplemental field activities were perfonned from October 2002 through January 2003 These activities included intennediate aquifer invesfigations xylene source area invesfigations downgradient surficial aquifer monitoring well installation and sulfur area invesfigations Additional intermediate aquifer system monitoring wells (MW-32 and MW-33 Figure 2) were installed along Orient Road during a November 2002 comprehensive ground water sampling event The new wells were installed to provide intemiediate monitoring points for xylene pesficide and herbicide contamination

While the 2002 and 2003 field acfivities were being perfonned significant chlorinated solvent contamination from the adjacent Alaric Site was discovered in both the surficial aquifer and intennediate aquifer systems this contamination was commingling with the westem portion ofthe Sites ground water plume The implementation ofthe ground water pump-and-treat remedy selected for the Site had the potential to exacerbate contaminant plume migration from the Alaric Site For this reason EPA detennined that implementation ofthe pump-and-treat remedy for the Site should be delayed until delineation and remediation ofthe surficial aquifer at the Alaric Site is completed

Additional comprehensive ground water sampling events were perfonned in May 2005 to provide a baseline for water quality following complefion ofthe sulfur area removal acfions and in December 2006 to detennine current condifions across the monitoring well network Selected wells were also sampled in March August and November 2007 and January 2008 to gauge the overall effectiveness ofthe sulfur area removal in addressing source contaminafion ofthe surficial aquifer Given the probability that the selected pump-and-treat remedy for ground water at the Site would be incompatible with ground water treatnient activities being designed at the adjacent Alaric Site several altemafive management approaches to address ground water contamination in the sulfur area and associated plume were explored

In June 2009 Helena Chemical Conipany presented EPA with a Pilot Test and Interim Monitoring Work Plan to address ground water contamination without implementing the pump-and-treat remedy EPA approved the Work Plan in August 2009 and implementation began in August 2009 The pilot study is expected to last for one year

22

with an additional one-year contingency period The work plan addresses four critical areas of source control and monitoring the sulfur area the xylene area supplemental monitoring efforts and interim ground water monitoring activities while pilot testing is underway

Sulfijr Area Pilot Study

The pilot study objecfive in the sulfijr area is to detennine whether buffering pH and introducing zero-valent iron will allow natural degradation of benzene hexachloride (BHC) and sulfates in the source area through biological or physical mechanisms Low pH elevated sulfate and residual sulfiir in the sulfur area are thought to be inhibiting natural biological degradation processes and minimizing the physical attenuafion of contaminants within the aquifer-matrix which would typically occur through adsorpfion-and aqueous chemical reactions such as hydrolysis Given the residual sulfur in the soil which continues to act as a long-term source for sulfuric acid sulfate control was required in addition to pH controls Zero-valent iron was selected as the primary pilot study treatment technology for the sulfur area because it has been used effectively to facilitate abiofic degradation of BHCs is effecfive at moderating pH and acts as an oxygen scavenger limiting any future oxidafion of residual sulfur in the soil Additional neutralization with lime andor hydroxides and biological sulfate reduction may also be utilized to control pH levels if necessary

Two sulfur study areas known as the East Plot and the West Plot have been implemented in the central courtyard ofthe Site on either side ofthe fomier sulfur pit location (Figure 3) Each plot consists of eight injection wells Cheinical injections were administered in the third quarter of 2009 and sampling is being conducted at 60-day interals for the 360 days following the injections

Xylene Area Pilot Study

The xylene pilot test was designed to gauge the effectiveness of anaerobic biodegradatlon in degrading xylene and residual BHCs Total xylene concentrafions have declined since the 2000 soil removal action in the former xylene tank area but have remained above cleanup goals Site conditions such as low pH lack of nutrients and lack of electron accepting substrates (eg nitrate iron and sulfate) were thought to be limiting xylene and BHC degradadon The pilot test also sought to increase degradation rates without introducing treatments that would complicate efforts in the adjacent sulfijr pilot study bull area so the xylene treatinent was designed in consideration ofthe existing anaerobic Site conditions

One xylene pilot study area was implemented in the fonner xylene tank area (Figure 3) The plot includes six injection wells and 12 monitoring wells The first round of nutrient and electron acceptor substrate injections was perfonned in the third quarter of 2009 and the second round of injections was perfomied in the fourth quarter of 2009 As with the sulfijr pilot study area sampling is being conducted at 60-day intervals for the 360 days following the first round of injections

23

Monitoring Acfivities

Supplemental monitoring efforts in the work plan include installation of monitoring wells on the Fesfive Floats property located directly south ofthe Site on the opposite side of the CSX railway tracks and addifional investigation to detemiine the northem extent of low pH and elevated sulfate and BHC concentrations Until a revised ground water remedy is selected for the Site interini ground water monitoring activities in both the surficial and intermediate aquifer systems will include sampling every nine months to assess seasonal variability in concentrations and monitor for any changes in COC concentrations

24

Figure 3 Map of Pilot Study Area

r

SWTBD

swTZD s w n u

StfT-HD A I ^ raquoswr3u SWTU

swrsu

West Warehouse

SETTO SET1U

SET3U SETD A y A J

I SETSD

sensD raquo SETsu

5ET7U

X40

XI6D

^^xth 7 -^ ^IZD-- ^

_ X S U X8D B^=^X12tJ bull bull X l fU

X8U xi f lD

Legend

bull Surflclat Adulter Sulfur Arlaquoa P M Test Wall

Surlicii i AquHler Xylene Area Ptky Test Ir^ctnsn MHI

bull Suifidal Aquilei Xylene Area Pikx Tesl Monilming Well

I Sile Bounoaiv J Fee 90 too

L 7WL o NORTH

Figure 3 Site Map

Pilot Study Areas

Helena Chemical Company Superfund Site Tampa Hillsborough County Flonda

Disclaimer This map and any boundary lines within the map are approximate and subject to change The map is not a survey The map is for informational purposes only regarding EPAs response actions at the Site and is not intended for any other purpose

25

43 Operation and Maintenance (OampM)

The 1996 ROD anticipated that the ground water pump-and-treat system would be operated at the Site for a 30-year period and estimated that OampM ofthe system would cost $1289000 over the course ofthe 30 years The ground water remedy selected in the 1996 ROD has not yet been implemented due to developments at the adjacent Alaric Site and ongoing pilot testing at the Site As remedial activities continue with pilot testing there are no OampM acfivities undei-way at the Site and the activities to be addressed in a site OampM plan will depend on the future revised remedy for ground water for the Site

26

50 Progress Since the Last Five-Year Review

The protectiveness statement from the 2006 FYR for the Site stated the following

77^ remedy implemenled at the [Helena Chemical Company Tampa Site currently protects human health and the environment because source area actions implemented for pesticide-contaminated soil and the sulfur pit source area have been completed during this review period Additional evaluations of low pH conditions will be performed to assess the need for supplemental neutralization in conjunction with future groundwater actions No remedial actions for groundwater have been implemented at this time Site data evaluations and remedy evaluations will ensure the remedy will be protective In the interim exposure pathways that could result in unacceptable risks are incomplete Conditions-at the site are not expected to change in the near future given the area s land use (commercialindustrial) However in order for the remedy to be protective in the long term the following actions need to be taken a full evaluation ofthe need for deed reslriclions and if necessary they will be imposed

The 2006 FYR included three issues and recommendafions Table 3 summarizes each recommendation and its current status

Table 3 Progress on Recommendations from the 2006 FYR

Section

51

Recommendations

EPA FDEP and Helena Chemical Company will discuss ground water remedy issues including the need for fijrther assessment of natural attenuation processes Dialogue will generate a priority list for evaluation identify evaluation teclmiques and establish an evaluation timetable Ground water remedy discussions will be initiated by the second quarter of 2006

Parties Responsible

EPA FDEP Helena

Chemical Company

Milestone Date

4302006

Action Taken and Ontcome

Discussions between EPA FDEP and Helena Chemical Company have resulted in the development of a pilot testing work plan to explore treatment options for enliancing biological and physical degradation processes This pilot study was initiated in August 2009

Date of Action

08312009

27

Section

52

53

Recommendations

EPA FDEP and Helena Chemical Company will evaluate ylene source area issues Discussions will include prioritization of any additional RD activities evaluation of remedial cleanup goals etc Xylene remedy discussions will be initiated by the first quarter of 2006

Helena Chemical Company will evaluate the requirements for implementing deed restrictions on the property and whether any remedy-specific requirements must be incorporated into the institutional control A fiill evaluation ofthe need for deed restrictions will be made and if necessary they will be imposed This evaluation will be completed by the fourth quarter of 2006

Parties Responsible

EPA FDEP Helena

Chemical Company

Helena Chemical Company

Milestone Date

4302006

12312006

Action Taken and Outcome-

Pilot test program discussions between EPA FDEP and Helena Chemical Company have resulted in the development of a work plan to explore effectiveness of anaerobic degradation of xylene and BHCs This pilot study was initiated in August 2009

EPA and FDEP are is discussions regarding the restrictive covenant for the Sites soil in order to prevent exposure Land use zoning is consistent vvith soil cleanup criteria and land use is not anticipated to change in the foreseeable future Ground water institutional controls are enforced through an EPA Memorandum of Agreement with the Southwest Florida Water Management District

Date of Action

08312009

Pending

51 Ground Water Remedy Discussions

The ground water pump-and-treat remedy selected in the 1996 ROD has not been implemented due to potential complications arising from commingling ofthe Sites ground water contaminants with those from the adjacent Alaric Site A Pilot Study and Interini Monitoring Work Plan was approved by EPA and implementation began in August 2009 The Work Plan describes the investigafion of chemical injecfions to enhance and facilitate natural physical and biological degradation rates for contaminants in the sulfiir area and in the xylene area The study is designed to assess the following questions

bull Is degradation occurring under pilot conditions

bull Can aquifer geochemistry be adjusted to facilitate remediafion

bull What is the longevity of amendments being injected

28

bull What zone of discharge is developed following injection and what is the expected duration ofthe zone of discharge

The study was scheduled to continue for 12 months with a contingency period of another 12 months if necessary At the conclusion ofthe study these questions will be addressed to detennine next steps in selecting an appropriate ground water remedy for the Site A final report documenting the effecfiveness ofthe first full year ofthe treatability study was not available at the fime this FYR report was drafted therefore a decision regarding whether to implement the additional 12 month contingency period had also not been made

52 Xylene Source Area Discussions

As noted in Section 51 EPA approved the Pilot Study and Interini Monitoring Work Plan in 2009 Per the Work Plan two rounds of nutrient and electron acceptor substrate were injected in the xylene area in late 2009 The injections are expected to enhance natural degradafion rates of xylene and BHCs sampling is being conducted every 60 days The study was scheduled to continue for 12 months with a contingency period of another 12 months if necessary A final report documenting the effectiveness ofthe first full year ofthe treatability study was not available at the time this FYR report was drafted therefore a decision regarding whether to implement the additional 12 month contingency period had also not been made

53 Institutional Controls Evaluation

At the request of FDEP the appropriate land use restrictions for the Site has not been yet been implemented While the ground water remedy is being assessed some interim institutional controls to protect against exposure to ground water contamination have been implemented The Site is presently surrounded by a secured perimeter fence that only pennits access to the property by authorized persons during regular business hours Helena Chemical Company intends to continue Site operations for the foreseeable future and does not intend to sell or lease the property so there is minimal potential for a party to unknowingly become exposed to Site soil or sediment contaniination or to impact the protectiveness ofthe remedial actions already in place The operating facility parcel is zoned light industrial the three Helena Woods parcels are zoned as either vacant land or as a mobile home park The local Planning Commission anticipates all four parcels will be zoned for heavy industrial use in the future which remains consistent with the industrial criteria used in selection of cleanup goals for the Site

EPA has also taken steps to limit the potential for exposure to contaminated Site ground water while ground water treatment pilot testing activities are completed In September 2008 EPA Region 4 and the Southwest Florida Water Management District (SWFWMD) entered into a Memorandum of Agreement regarding Site ground water Per the agreement EPA provides SWFWMD with infonnation regarding the area of ground water impacted or potentially impacted by the Site and SWFWMD acts as the regulatory authority to implement and enforce ground water use restrictions at and near

29

the Site The ground water area impacted by the Site is designated as Zone A marking the contamination zone and Zone B marking a buffer area surrounding Zone A The agreement stipulates that EPA must conduct a well survey of Zones A and B at least once every five years to identify any new wells constructed or operafing since the previous survey EPA remedial project manager (RPM) Galo Jackson conducted the first well survey concurrenfiy with the FYR Site inspection and identified two wells (Figure 2) One well was located along East 9 Avenue on the EQ Florida property in Zone A The second well was located along East 7 Avenue on the RampL Metals property in Zone B SWFWMD was notified of these wells in September 2010 The well in Zone A is currenUypemiitted for industrial use by EQ Florida and the well in Zone B has been plugged and abandoned on the RampL Metals property

SWFWMD has the authority to impose reasonable condifions necessary to protect the applicable water source and to prevent the spread of ground or surface water contaminafion For well construcfion pennits such conditions include prohibiting use of the well as a potable water supply requiring notice to well owners of potential ground water contamination or requiring specific methods ofconstruction Under Florida Administrafive Code (FAC) Rule 40D-3505(3) SWFWMD will deny an application for a well construction pemiit for activity in Zone A if use ofthe well would increase the potential for hanii to public health safety and welfareor if the proposed well would degrade the water quality ofthe aquifer by causing pollutants to spread

30

60 Five-Year Review Process

61 Administrative Components

EPA Region 4 initiated the FYR in May 2010 and scheduled its completion for January 2011 The EPA site review team was led by EPA RPM Galo Jackson and also included EPA site attomey Kevin Beswick EPA Community Involvement Coordinator (CIC) LTonya Spencer and contractor support provided to EPA by Christy Fielden and Sabrina Foster of E Inc In May 2010 EPA held a scoping call with the review team to discuss the Site and itenis of interest as they related to the protectiveness ofthe remedy cunently in place A review schedule was established that consisted ofthe following activities

Community notification Document review Data collection and review Site inspection Local interviews FYR Report development and review

62 Community Involvement

In January 2011 a public notice was published in the Tampa Tribune announcing the commencement ofthe FYR process for the Site providing contact information for RPM Galo Jackson and CIC LTonya Spencer and invifing community participation was published The press notice is available in Appendix B The FYR report will be made available to the public once it has been finalized Copies ofthis docunient will be placed in the designated site repository University of South Florida Library located at 4202 East Fowler Avenue Tampa Florida 33620 Upon completion ofthe FYR a public notice will be placed in the Tampa Tribune to announce the availability ofthe final FYR report in the Sites document repository

63 Document Review

This FYR included a review of relevant site-related documents including the ROD remedial action reports and recent monitoring data A complete list ofthe documents reviewed can be found in Appendix A

ARARs Review

Section 121(d)(2)(A) of CERCLA specifies that Superfund remedial actions must meet any federal standards requirements criteria or limitations that are detennined to be applicable or relevant and appropriate requirements (ARARs) ARARs are those standards criteria or limitations promulgated under federal or state law that specifically address a hazardous substance pollutant contaminant remedial action locafion or other circumstance at a CERCLA site To-Be-Considered criteria (TBCs) are non-promulgated

31

advisories and guidance that are not legally binding but should be considered in detennining the necessary level of cleanup for protection of human health or the environment While TBCs do not have the status of ARARs EPAs approach to detemiining ifan RA is protective of hunian health and the environment involves consideration of TBCs along with ARARs

Chemical-specific ARARs are specific numerical concentration restrictions on individually listed contaminants in specific media Examples of chemical-specific ARARs include the MCLs specified under the Safe Drinking Water Act as well as the ambient water quality criteria enumerated under the Clean Water Act Because there are usually numerous contaminants of potential concem for any Site various numerical quanfity requirements can be ARARs The final remedy selected for this Site was designed to meet or exceed all chemical-specific ARARs and meet location- and action-specific ARARs

Ground Water

According to the 1996 ROD cleanup goals for the nine ground water COCs were selected to ensure that remaining ground water concentrations would not exceed the 1 x 10~ risk level for carcinogens a Hazard Quotient (HQ) of 1 for non-carcinogens under an industrial land use scenario The cleanup goals for 44-DDT endosulfan 1 and endosulfan II were selected based on health-based criteria The site-specific health-based cleanup goal for 44-DDT was less stringent than Floridas ground water guidance and the ROD notes that the cleanup goal may need to be revisited in the future to obtain FDEPs agreement with deletion ofthe Site from the NPL upon completion of cleanup activities

Cleanup goals for aldrin alpha-BHC beta-BHC and dieldrin were based on the Florida Groundwater Guidance Concentration which is a TBC for the Site The cleanup goal for total xylene listed in the 1996 ROD was selected based on the State secondary MCL but was later modified in the 2005 ESD to be consistent with federal and State primary MCLs The cleanup goal for gamma-BHC was selected based on federal and State MCLs

The ARARs for aldrin alpha-BHC beta-BHC and dieldrin were compared to the current Florida Groundwater and Surface Water Contaminant Cleanup Target Levels (62 FAC 777) which is the cuirent State guidance on acceptable ground water contaminant concentrations (Table 4) The ARARs for all four of these COCs have become more stringent since the signing ofthe 1996 ROD The cleanup goals for gamma-BHC and total xylene were compared with National Primary Drinking Water regulations (40 CFR 141-143) and FDEP Drinking Water Standards Monitoring and Reporting Requirements (62 FAC 550310) The cleanup goals for gamma-BHC and total xylene remain the same as in the 1996 ROD and 2005 ESD respectively This review did not find that the assumptions used in calculation ofthe site-specific health-based cleanup goals for 44-DDT endosulfan I and endosulfan II had changed

32

Table 4 Previous and 2010 ARARs for Ground Water COCs

Contaminant of Concern bull bull bull bull ^ - gt J j J bull

44-DDT Aldrin Alpha-BHC Beta-BHC Gamma-BHC Dieldrin Endosulfan I Endosulfan II Total xvlenes

1996 ROD ARAROigL)

03 005 005 01 02 01 2 2

20

2005 ESD ARAR (ugL) r

mdash -mdash mdash mdash mdash mdash mdash

10000

2010 ARAR (UgL)

03 0002 0006 002 02-

0002= 2 7

10000

ARAR Change y - y bull

None More Stringent More Stringent More Stringent

None More Stringent

None None None

a Site-specific health-based standaid selecled to ensure tlial remaining ground waler concenirations would nol exceed lhe 1 x 10 risk level for carcinogens an HQ of 1 Ior non-carcinogens or the inslRimenl quantitation limit under an industrial land use scenaiio

b Cleanup goal selecled based on Florida Groundwater Guidance Concenlralion which is a TBC for ihc Sile c Cleanup goal selecled based on federal and Florida MCLs d Cleanup goal selected based on Florida secondary MCLs e Florida Groundwater and Surface Waler Cleanup Target Levels are available al

lmpAvwwdepslatenuswasicqiiick ionicsrulcsdocunieiils62-777TablelGroundwalciCTLs4-l 7-05ndllaccessed 8122010) A comparison of Floridas 1999 and 2005 Groundwater and Surface Waler Cleanup Target Levels is available al hllpu-vvvvdenslatenuswaslequick lopicsnublicalionswcbrownlicldsConipTabiesGroundwalerandSurli ccVValerCieaniipTartJelL evelspdf

f Cunent MCLs are based on federal (40 CFR 141-1431 and slate (62 FAC 550310) drinking waler slandards Federal standards are based on Nalional Primary and Secondaiy Drinking Waler Maximum Contaminant Levels (IU(p7valcrcpacovdrinkconlaininanlsindexcrniSLisi accessed S122010) and slale standards are based on Florida Slale Drinking Waler Synthetic Organic Conlajuinanls and their Slandards (hU|iwwwdcpslalciluswalerdrinkinswalersvn conlum accessed S122010)

g Gamma-BHC is lisied as lindane in federal and state MCLs

64 Data Review

Confinnatory sampling for the 2000 pesticide area removal action and for the 2004 and 2005 sulfijr area removal actions was perfonned immediately following the removals Surface soil and sediment with COC concentrations above industrial use cleanup goals had been effectively removed and no further sampling or OampM activities are required for surface soil and sediment

Ground water pilot test activities cunently underway include baseline sampling and four subsequent sampling events for the sulfur area (Table 5) and the xylene area (Table 6) The treatability study sampling events have been implemented as follows

Baseline sampling in August 2009 60-Day Event sampling in November 2009 120-Day Event sampling in January 2010 180-Day Event sampling in March 2010 and 240-Day Event sampling in May 2010

The pilot test is invesfigating methods for the biological and physical degradation of Site contaminants Follow-up sampling analyzes various aqueous geochemical parameters in addition to contaminant concentrations Per the EPA-approved work plan routine sampling analyses include four of the nine ground water COCs alpha-BHC beta-BHC

33

gamma-BHC and total xylenes in addition to various other contaminants and break-down products

In both the sulfur area and the xylene area ground water concentrations of alpha-BHC beta-BHC and gamma-BHC have predominantly remained consistent with baseline sampling levels and largely remain elevated above cleanup goals for the Site In the sulfur area total xylene concentrations in ground water when detected are well below the cleanup goal of 10000 igL The xylene release at the Site occurred downgradient from the fomier sulfur pit and these low concentrations of xylene are consistent with expectations for this area In the xylene area total xylene concentrations are responding to the treatment showing declines below the cleanup goal in several wells (eg X3U X5U X9U and XI IU) but showing increasing concentrations in other wells (eg X6D X7U and X8D) Only data fromthe first nine months ofthe treatability study were mdash available at the time this FYR report was being drafted detennination ofthe effectiveness of these treatments must wait until the study has been completed

Ofthe site-related VOCs present in the ground water plume only xylene and possibly ethylbenzene are present in the surficial aquifer and poses a potential vapor intrusion concem Remedial contractor EnSafe Inc included an updated total xylene plume map as Figure 5-5 in the 2009 Pilot Test and Interim Monitoring Work Plan This figure shows that concentrations at or above the xylene ground vater cleanup goal are located on the Helena Chemical Conipany property along the CSX Railroad right-of-way or under the railroad tracks The few buildings within this plume area are open-sided warehouse structures on the Helena Chemical Company property and thus a vapor intmsion assessment has not been necessary

Table 5 Sulfur Area Pilot Test COC Detections in Ground Water to Date

Well Sampled

Sampling Event

(Cleanup Goal)

COCs and Detected Concentrations (pgL)

Alpha-BHC

(005 pgL)

Beta-BHC -yy (01 pgL)

Gamma-BHC

(02 pgL)

Total Xylenes

(10000 pgL)

Ecw Plot Wells

SETIU

SET2D

SET3U

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

23 D

31

17

19

24

44 D

39

26

26

38

22

19

33 J

36 1

4

25

29

12 D

045

056

059

086

3

41

43 J

68

42

57

52

11 D

066

044

047

07

55

39 1

191

NA

0461

NA

31

U

NA

033 I

NA

082

58

NA

34

J y -Well

Sampled

SET4D

SET5U

SET6D

SET7U

SET8D

Sampling Event

(Cleanup Goal)

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

1 so-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

y y j COCs and Detected Concentrations (pgL)

Alpha-BHC

(005 pgL)

17

17

28

41 D

62

37

3

37

21 D

bull 17

13

26

34

97 D

46

44

28

63

12

14

11

11

14

47

36

32

39

47

Beta-BHC

(OI pgL)

33

21

3

061 J

15

094

0461

- 068

36

41

47

4

61

12

12

095

078 1

075

13

16 1

13

15

15

087

073

064

08 1

076

Gamma-BHC

(02 pgL)

44

341

57

074 J

087

12

046 1

- - 052

39

37 1

31

51

48

11

082 1

05

04 1

043

32

27

28

23

28

1

14

11

1 I

095

Total Xylenes

(10000 pgL)

86

NA

7

171

NA

11 1

NA

036

64

NA

3

NA

39

25

NA

76

NA

56

21

NA

35

NA

15

U

NA

33

NA

17

laquocv Plot Wells

SWTIU

SWT2D

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

1 so-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

19 IJ

099

14

13

22

048 J

U

U

0031

063 J

053

052

06

075

023 J

U

U

014

U

032

038

03

059

U

U

U

000941

U

NA

U

NA

U

0441

NA

07 1

NA

35

Well Sampled

SWT3U

SWT4D

SWT5U

SWT6D

SWT7U

SWT8D

-bull i

Sampling Event

(Cleanup Goal)

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

COCs and Detected Concentrations (pgL)

Alpha-BHC

(005 pgL)

U

075 J

18

13

14

22

073

018 --

U

U

U

51

U

16

41

18

037 J

073

056

057

061

039

029

045

059

073

028

02

015

016

011

Beta-BHC

(01 pgL)

U

021

079

035

033

047

036

- 0094

U

U

U

26

23

093

022 1

036

029 1

033

022

U

026

03

039

047

057

051

U

013

011

U

0056

Gamtiia-BHC

(02 pgL)

U

u 029

0084

019

022

U

012

011

012

U

24

24

08

052

U

U

0031 I

U

U

U

U

U

u u u u

00171

002 I J

U

U

Total Xylenes

(10000 pgL)

U n

NA

U

NA

069

U

NA

U

NA

U

72

NA

73

NA

60

36

NA

U

NA

U

U

NA

U

NA

U

92

NA

U

NA

U

D value reported from second diluiion 1 eslimaled valuebelow reporting limil J eslimaled value NA nol analyzed U undetected fitilic- COC was detected bul concentration was below cleanup goal

36

Table 6 Xylene Area Pilot Test COC Detections in Ground Water to Date

yy-

J j Well Sampled

XIU

X2D

X3U

X4D

X5U

X6D

X7U

Sampling Event

(Cleanup Goal)

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

_Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

COCs and Detected Concentrations (pgL)

Alpha-BHC

(005 pgL)

8 D

NA

NA

56

NA

71

NA

NA

58 J

NA

15D

NA

NA

15

NA

12D

NA

NA

23

NA

78 D

NA

NA

44 J

NA

52 D

NA

NA

28 J

NA

61 D

NA

NA

46

NA

Beta-BHC

(01 pgL)

19 D

NA

NA

13 J

NA

17

NA

NA

17J

NA

3 J

NA

NA

36

NA

13J

NA

NA

13 1

NA

093 ID

NA

NA

08 J

NA

091 ID

NA

NA

07 J

NA

12D

NA

NA

089

NA

Gamma-BHC

(02 pgL)

U

NA

NA

U

NA

071 I

NA

NA

14 J

NA

046 J

NA

NA

bull056

NA

42 J

NA

NA

82

NA

U

NA

NA

O I J

NA

38 D

NA

NA

2 J

NA

U

NA

NA

U

NA

Total Xylene

(10000 pgL)

200

13

11

23

29

180

56

54

150

42

23000

11000

13000

1400

4500

19000

12000

19000

22000

15000

18000

21000

20000

3200

13000

3000

1100

6000

40000

3000

24000

31000

37000

81000

34000

37

Well Sampled

X8D

X9U

bull XIOD

X l l U

X12D

Sampling Event

(Cleanup Goal)

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

COCs and Detected Concentrations (pgL)

Alpha-BHC

(005 pgL)

57

NA

NA

21 J

NA

39

NA

NA

53

NA

43

NA

NA

59

NA

81

NA

NA

49

NA

39

NA

NA

56

NA

Beta-BHC

(01 pgL)

14

NA

NA

018 U

NA

021 I

NA

NA

026 J

NA

049

NA

NA

061 I

NA

097

NA

NA

075 1

NA

064 1

NA

NA

093 ID

NA

Gamma-BHC

(02 pgL)

12

NA

NA

057 U

NA

025 1

NA

NA

017 J

NA

45

NA

NA

7

NA

U

NA

NA

U

NA

16

NA

NA

34

NA

Total Xylene

(10000 pgL)

960

7100

27000

19000

5700

22000

14000

35000

2700

950

770

260

780

760

540

14000

3800

1600

600

11000

4900

250

I I00

5800

9300 D value reponed from second dilution 1 eslimaled value below reponing limit J estimated value NA nol analyzed U not applicable Ilalics COC was delecled bul concenlralion was below cleanup goal

38

65 Site Inspection

On July 8 2010 the site inspection was perfomied by the following participants Galo Jackson of EPA Region 4 Edward Brister ofthe Helena Chemical Coinpany and Christy Fielden and Sabrina Foster of E~ Inc The completed Site inspection checklist is available in Appendix D Photographs were taken of site features including monitoring wells and access controls (Appendix E)

The Site has been in continuous operation since 1929 as an agricultural chemical manufacturing and distributing facility The bulk of chemical fonnulation activifies have been moved off-site to a different Helena Cheinical Coinpany facility in Georgia however some formulation and packaging of insecticidal spray oil and liquid fertilizers still occur at the Site The Site also serves as Helena Chemical Companys main-distribution warehouse for sales locations in the State of Florida

The Site inspection was led by Mr Ed Brister the Engineering Safety Health and Environment Director for the Helena Chemical Company who provided a tour ofthe full Helena Chemical Coinpany property indicating where remedial actions had been implemented and explaining the locations and associated activifies of current pilot testing for the ground water treatability study Several monitoring and injection wells were located during the Site inspection all active site wells were properly secured or had been appropriately abandoned Injection and monitoring wells for the adjacent Alaric Site were noted on the Helena Woods area ofthe Site but were not inspected since they are related to a different site The Site is well maintained and has a secure perimeter fence and clear signage in place Unauthorized persons are restricted from accessing the property outside of regular business hours

Evaluation and implementafion of institutional controls were discussed during the Site inspection Several interim institutional controls have been implemented for the Site and final institutional controls including land use restrictions will be evaluated and implemented if necessary once the current pilot-scale ground water remedy treatability study has concluded and a revised ground water remedy has been selected Zoning designations and the Helena Chemical Companys intention to continue operations at the Site for the foreseeable future liniit the potential for inappropriate land uses or on-site operations incompatible with remedy components in place EPA has also implemented ground water institutional controls through a Memorandum of Agreement with SWFWMD

On July 7 2010 E Inc staff conducted research regarding Site deed infonnation at the Hillsborough County Deed Records Office The approximately eight-acre Site is situated on four parcels of land 1) 65-acre Parcel A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000220 2) 088-acre Parcel A-14-29-I9-4CA-000000-000320 3) 092-acre Parcel A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000330 and 4) 017-acre Parcel A-14-29-19-4CE-000003-000010 (Figure 4) Deed records for the four parcels could not be located in the online database or microfilm collection at the deeds office Galo Jackson EPA RPM for the Site was infonned that the deeds could not be located and conducted a title search for the property through EPA

39

databases but was also unable to locate deed records According to the Hillsborough County Property Appraisers Office all four parcels are presently owned by Helena Chemical Company The active cheinical distribufion warehouse is located on Parcel A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000220

On July 8 2010 E Inc staff visited the designated local Site repository at the University of South Florida Library located at 4202 East Fowler Avenue Tampa Florida 33620 as part ofthe site inspection The site repository contained fourteen volumes of administrative documents and other infonnation pertaining to the Site This infomiation included documentation ofthe initial remedial investigation and feasibility study as well as a copy ofthe 1996 ROD The 2005 ESD and 2006 FYR could not be located at the time ofthe Site inspection but were provided to the library by RPM Galo Jackson on January 212011

The 1996 ROD called for institutional controls to be put in place as part of both the soil and sediment remedy and the ground water remedy (Table 7) According to the ROD soil and sediment institutional controls were to include deed restrictions Fencing was to provide an engineering control The Site is presently surrounded by a secured perimeter fence and access gates are locked outside of nonnal business hours The operating facility parcel is currently zoned as light industrial and the Helena Woods parcels are zoned as vacant land and a mobile home park The local Planning Commission anficipates rezoning all four parcels for heavy industrial use The fiature anficipated land use is consistent with the industrial exposure criteria used in the selection of Site cleanup goals The ROD also called for deed restrictions to restrict the use of site-impacted ground water on and off the Site in order to limit exposure to contaminated ground water until cleanup goals are achieved EPA and FDEP are in discussions regarding the restrictive covenant in order to prevent fijture exposure to Site soil A 2008 Memorandum of Agreement between EPA Region 4 and SWFWMD addresses the need to restrict the use of site-related ground water The agreement establishes regular communication between the two agencies and affinns SWFWMDs regulatory authority to implement and enforce ground water use restrictions at the Site This authority addresses well constmction pemiits restrictions on use of wells for potable water supply and requirements that well owners be notified of ground water contaniination that may impact their wells At the request ofthe FDEP once the treatability study is completed and a revised ground water remedy for the Site has been selected the need for additional ground water institutional controls will be reevaluated and the existing institutional controls will be modified or new institufional controls will be implemented as appropriate

40

Figure 4 Site Parcel Map

c

ir Pirtplm ( ^ r | [ i Vjrtrl ID ^r-iti-v-lt 14UtKu^iraquoiii 0

A u raquo114CA O cac i ao aociit o

1 U raquo 19 4CilltXXgt0la 000130

1laquo2raquo lraquo-CIltCT0lf7 0iraquo(l l

M laquo n lt ) laquo l lt raquo i i o D r poDin o bull i 4 m laquo - laquo i F o o a n i j - a x u ^ i

A 1lt 2 19 ICAdWOOO tUGStO

laquo bull raquo 2raquo 1laquo bullCtOOOOOI-OXWlO

laquollaquo-raquo-19-fCAltraquo)0CWgt-00Mlaquo C

A14-V41V( I 40uai IKAll lO

AM 29 1V4CE aJDOM aODIIlJ)

laquo Ll 29 raquo 2ZZ D a m B 7K1D9

laquobull I t-J ]9-4claquoltnnraquoiKnraquo o

A-i4-raquo-]laquoltif (KU)ittMraquoaii] u A 14 J 9 14 laquoCA IXHIraquoDC(Xrli t

A 14 29 1raquo 4CA OOOOOOOMUO

raquo 1 4 29-19-4CE OOOOOI-OWWO A- l J9- )bullbulllaquo s wnmn-flooiM t A 14-29- UI4ig4IOOM94UOraquolgt

A 14 2laquo 19 4C9 OODOOl 400070

M-raquo-H 4C8laquo)000(K)OOaj I

A r H - i S i v - t c A H n x i M m i i a i A^14)l|1laquo-t(jt-0(lIMCH3Xl^ I

14 2 raquo 19-4Cpound 000001000012

A U 29- U 4 a OOOOOKXWOl-O

raquo 14 29 19 -4a oaoooraquolaquo)oolaquoo

14 j m ^ c o o n w i ^ n o i o n

A-14-2ltl-tW l-UCtitKMfiOagtlil Atlt29 iraquo4(xiioaaoii-iioagtio

A 14 29 1raquo4CA DOaOOO-OOQlSJ

A-tlaquo ZHIUCA-IKOOIXMKICOZ 0

AH-Jlaquoltllaquoiiraquo-TOKIC8-0lltIlU 0

A-]429iezzz-i)iiaxB-7Moao

A 14 29 194CAlaquoXI00Ca0ata0

A 1429^ i9-4CA-iicaaixi-ooa2a 2

A14 29-19 4CHIOOlaquogt7KIlaquoIraquo 0

A-14 JV tlaquo-laquoii -uxiot-nnDi i

A14 2laquo ilaquo-4CAiiooacii]-aaoigo A 14 23 LO 4CMI00Oraquo OOOOlO

A 14 29-isacE-oooora-aotrao

A-t4-ii-lraquo-laquo A-ooooawwoK o

A lA-2V^lraquot(A-Igt]ltKcll-IIIiaiI I

A 14-29 19-raquoCf oocoos acooi-o

A 14 29 19 ACI OOmOl-OCOOll

A-W-29-19-4CI-aXK)07-OOOOTjO

Arl4-Jraquo llti-4n-O30O3V00COI c

A l4 2raquo l9 4Ulaquoraquo006-OOOa24l

A 14 29 19 4 a 000004 OOOOSjO

A 14 29-19-4CC-D0O00aOO0a3lCI

A t raquo 29-19-laquotA4laquoIO0OT-00CO9O

bull i4-2raquo^iltM( A-oniucu IXUltl 0

A 14 2raquo 19gt4CA4gt0O(ICa OOOISXI

A 14 raquo 1raquo4CA DOOOOO 00014 1

Legend

I Site Parcels

I ^ _ J site Boundary

AjiprowmatBBoundary o tSurfc ia l Aquiter Ground Whter Pfume |

Approximate Boundary of in tennedia te Aquieet Sys t em Ground w a t e r R u m e

A i Parcels

Helena Chemical Company Superfund Site Tampa Hillsborough County Florida

Disc la imer Th i s m a p and any b o u n d a r y l ines w i th in the m a p a re a p p r o x i m a t e a n d subject to c h a n g e T h e m a p is not a survey T h e m a p is for

informat ional pu rposes only r ega rd ing E P A s r e s p o n s e ac t ions at t h e Si te and is not in tended for any o the r purpose

41

Table 7 Institutional Control (IC) Summary Table

Media

Ground Water

Soil and Sediment

ICs Needed

Yes

Yes

ICs Called for in the Decision Documents

Yes

Yes

IC Objective

Restrict use of contaminated ground water to limit exposure until cleanup goals are achieved

Restrict land uses to industrial or similar

The 1996 ROD also listed fencing as an institutional control for soil and sed not been included above because it is considered an engineering control

Instrument in Place

The 1996 ROD called for deed notices as the institutional control instrument These have not been implemented However a 2008 Memorandum of Agreement between EPA and SWFWMD confirms SWFWMDs regulatory authority to restrict well constmction restrict well use as a potable water source and requiring that well owners benotified of ground water contamination that may impact their wells This authority applies to on-site parcels as well as off-site parcels covering the entire area affected by site-related ground water contamination

The land use restrictions called for in the 1996 ROD have not been implemented however Helena Chemical Company has maintained operations at the Site tliroughout remedial activities and intends to continue Site operations for the foreseeable future A restrictive covenant will be placed on the Site to ensure the Site is only used for industrial purposes The operating facility parcel is presently zoned for light industrial use and all four parcels will soon be rezoned for heavy industrial use which is consistent with the industrial exposure criteria used in selecting cleanup goals for the Site A secure perimeter fence restricts access to the Site limiting the potential for inadvertent soil exposure

ment source control however this has

42

66 Interviews

During the FYR process interviews were conducted with parties impacted by the Site including the current landowners and regulatory agencies involved in Site activities or aware ofthe Site The purpose ofthe interviews was to document the perceived status of the Site and any perceived problems or successes with the phases ofthe remedy that have been implemented to date Intei^views with Mr Jackson and Mr Brister were conducted during the site inspection on July 8 2010 Interviews with Ms Milicic and Ms Yeargan were conducted via e-mail on August 23 2010 and September 27 2010 respectively Several nearby businesses were also contacted but declined or did not have interest in being interviewed about the Site Interviews are summarized below and complete interviews are included in Appendix C

Galo Jackson Mr Jackson is the EPA RPM for the Site Mr Jackson indicates that a pilot-scale treatability study for site ground water is presently underway Results are being routinely shared with EPA and FDEP while there have been many challenges and it is still too early to detennine whether the treatments being explored can effecfively address ground water contamination he is hopeful that the treatments will be successful He has not received any complaints or inquiries from the community in the past five years and is not aware of any effects the Site may have had on the surrounding community He is pleased with the regular updates and infonnation he receives from the remedial contractor EnSafe Inc

Edward Brister Mr Brister is the Engineering Safety Health and Environinent Director for the Helena Chemical Conipany Mr Brister indicates that he is pleased with progress at the Site and believes that the remedial activities taken to date are perfomiing successfully He feels well infonned about activities and progress at the Site He does not know of any effects that the Site has had on the surrounding cominunity beyond the potential for Superfiind stigma which is common at many similar sites Mr Brister indicates that there is one residence in the area ofthe Site and that the owners a couple had expressed concems to him in the past He notes that the couple was temporarily relocated during removal activities in 2000 and again during sulfijr area removal actions in 2004 and 2005 Other than his discussions with the couple who were temporarily relocated he has not heard any complaints or concems from the cominunity regarding the Site

Karen Milicic Ms Milicic is the FDEP project manager for the Site Ms Milicic thinks that activities at the Site are making progress in addressing site COCs She is aware ofthe treatability study work that is presently underway and feels very well infonned regarding progress at the Site She believes that it is sfill too early to comment on the effectiveness ofthe current treatments being explored for ground water at the Site as the treatability study has not yet concluded She is not aware of any complaints or inquiries regarding the Site over the last five years

Mary Yeargan Ms Yeargan is the Environmental Protection Commission of Hillsborough County project manager for the Site Ms Yeargan has been involved at the

43

Site for many years and participated in the previous 2006 FYR site inspection She indicates that the Site is situated in an area that is impacted by multiple Superfijnd sites as well as other facilities that contribute to blight in the area She acknowledges that the Site may contribute to some more general community concems about the presence of Superfijnd sites in the area but she does not think that the Site specifically has been the source of concem within the larger area Since the 2006 FYR Ms Yeargan has received one complaint about potential ground water contaniination that a community member thought may have resulted from one ofthe area Superfund sites The well was tested by the Department of Public Health contamination was not detected in the sampling and the well was found to be safe for continued use She is not aware of any changes in laws or land use in the area that would impact the Site Given the shortage of lands available for heavy industrial uses she thinks it would be unlikely for the zoning ofthe parcels that compose the Site-to be changed to anything other than heavy industrial-She feels welf infomied about site activities and remains in regular communication as needed with EPA RPM Galo Jackson

44

70 Technical Assessment

71 Question A Is the remedy functioning as intended by the decision documents

The review of documents ARARs risk assumptions and the Site inspection indicate that the Sites soil remedy is functioning as intended by Site decision documents for soil and sediment Pesticide-contaminated surface soil and sediment at the Site and the adjacent CSX railway line east drainage ditch were excavated and shipped offsite for biological treatment and disposal Contaminated soil and residual sulfur were also excavated and shipped offsite for disposal Since there is commingling ofthe Sites ground water plumes with those ofthe adjacent Alaric Site the pump-and-treat ground water remedy selected in the 1996 ROD may not cunently be appropriate to implement at the Site until

- the Alaric Sites plumes have been remediated Helena Chemical Conipany proposed a pilot-scale treatability study to evaluate the feasibility of biological and physical ground water contaminant degradation The Work Plan for this treatability study was approved by EPA in August 2009 The study is currently underway and was scheduled to conclude by the fourth quarter of 2010 with a contingency period of another 12 months if necessary A final report documenting the effectiveness ofthe first fijll year ofthe treatability study was not available at the time this FYR report was drafted therefore a decision regarding whether to implement the additional 12 month contingency period had also not been made The final results ofthe treatability study will be used to infonn the selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site In the event that the treatability study is not successful EPA may consider additional avenues to approach remediation including additional excavation

The 1996 ROD selected the implementation of institutional controls in the form of deed restrictions for soil sediment and ground water to limit exposure to site-related contamination Fencing was also required by the 1996 ROD Land use restrictions have not been implemented for the Site however some interim institutional controls to protect against exposure to ground water contamination have been implemented Helena Chemical Company intends to confinue Site operations for the foreseeable future and has no intention to sell lease or transfer any portion ofthe Site Cunent and future zoning designations are consistent with the industrial land use criteria used in selection of Site COC cleanup goals In 2008 EPA entered into a Memorandum of Agreement with the SWFWMD The document confirms SWFWMDs regulatory authority to place restrictions on well placement and constmction Through shared infomiation between the two agencies SWFWMD can make infomied pennitting and enforcement decisions to prevent exposure to ground water contamination that could pose a risk to hunian health No impacted ground water wells are used for potable water buildings at the Site and in the surrounding area are connected to municipal water supply lines The need for additional institufional controls will be evaluated upon selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site

The Site is well-maintained and is surrounded by a secured perimeter fence with signs restricting access Access is limited to authorized persons during regular business hours

45

All site-related wells are secured or if no longer operational have been properly abandoned

72 Question B Are the exposure assumptions toxicity data cleanup levels and remedial action objectives (RAOs) used at the time of remedy selection still valid

The ARARs for four ofthe nine ground water COCs aldrin alpha-BHC beta-BHC and dieldrin have become more stringent since the signing ofthe 1996 ROD During the current ground water treatability study both alpha-BHC and beta-BHC have been detected at levels greater than the RODs less stringent cleanup goals for these COCs Remedial activities at the Site have allowed the continued industrial use ofthe property and have reduced ecological risk at the Site The selection of a revised ground water remedy is required before achieving the remaining two RAOs 1) protection of ground water from continued degradation by Site contaminants and 2) reduction of risk to human health within EPAs acceptable risk range Residual soil contamination remains present below the water table and the ground water plume continues to exceed cleanup goals The industrial land use at the Site and in the surrounding area is unchanged since the ROD was signed therefore the exposure assumpfions are still valid Benzene and ethylbenzene are being detected in the groundwater at concentrations above the primary drinking-water standards

73 Question C Has any other information come to light that could call into question the protectiveness ofthe remedy

No other infomiation has come to light that could call into question the protectiveness of the remedy

74 Technical Assessment Summary

The review of documents ARARs risk assumptions and the Site inspection indicate that the Sites soil remedy is functioning as intended by Site decision documents for soil and sediment Pesticide-contaminated surface soil and sediment at the Site and the adjacent CSX railway line east drainage ditch were excavated and shipped offsite for biological treatment and disposal Contaminated soil and residual sulfur were also excavated and shipped off-site for disposal Since there is commingling ofthe Sites ground water plumes with those ofthe adjacent Alaric Site the pump-and-treat ground water remedy selected in the 1996 ROD may not currently be appropriate to implement at the Site until the Alaric Sites plumes have been remediated Helena Chemical Company proposed a pilot-scale treatability study to evaluate the feasibility of biological and physical ground water contaminant degradafion The work plan for this treatability study was approved by EPA in August 2009 The study is currenfiy underway and was scheduled to conclude by the fourth quarter of 2010 vvith a contingency period of another 12 months if necessary A final report documenting the effectiveness ofthe first full year ofthe treatability study was not available at the time this FYR report was drafted therefore a decision regarding whether to implement the additional 12 month contingency period had also not been made The final results ofthe treatability study will be used to infonn the selection of a

46

revised ground water remedy for the Site In the event that the treatability study is not successful EPA may consider addifional avenues to approach remediation including additional excavation

The ARARs for four ofthe nine ground water COCs aldrin alpha-BHC beta-BHC and dieldrin have become more stringent since the signing ofthe 1996 ROD During the current ground water treatability study both alpha-BHC and beta-BHC have been detected at levels greater than the cuirent less-stringent cleanup goal for these COCs Remedial activities at the Site have allowed the continued industrial use ofthe property and have reduced ecological risk at the Site The selection of a revised ground water remedy is required before achieving the remaining two RAOs 1) protection of ground water from confinued degradation by Site contaminants and 2) reduction of risk to

-human health within EPAs acceptable risk range Residual soil contaniination remains present below the water table and the ground water plume continues to exceed cleanup goals The industrial land use at the Site and in the surrounding area has not changed since the ROD was signed therefore the exposure assumptions are still valid

The 1996 ROD selected the implementation of institutional controls in the fomi of deed restrictions for soil sediment and ground water to liinit exposure to site-related contamination Fencing was also required by the 1996 ROD Land use restrictions have not been implemented for the Site however some interim institufional controls to protect against exposure to ground water contamination have been implemented Helena Chemical Company intends to continue Site operations for the foreseeable future and has no intention to sell lease or transfer any portion ofthe Site Current and future zoning designations are consistent with the industrial land use criteria used in selection of site COC cleanup goals In 2008 EPA entered into a Memorandum of Agreement with the SWFWMD The document confinns SWFWMDs regulatory authority to place restrictions on well placement and constmction Through shared infonnation between the two agencies SWFWMD can make infonned pemiitting and enforcement decisions to prevent exposure to ground water contamination that could pose a risk to hunian health No impacted ground water wells are used for potable water buildings at the Site and in the surrounding area are connected to municipal water supply lines The need for additional institutional controls will be evaluated upon selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site

The Site is well-maintained and is surrounded by a secured perimeter fence with signs restricting access Access is limited to authorized persons during regular business hours All site-related wells have been secured or if no longer operational have been properly abandoned

47

80 Issues

Table 8 summarizes the current site issues

Table 8 Current Site Issues

Issue

A revised ground water remedy for the Site has not been selected or implemented and sampling events continue to detect COC concentrations in ground water that are greater than cleanup goals Land use restrictions for the Site have not yet been implemented

Affects Current Protectiveness

(Yes or No)

No

No

Affects Future Protectiveness

(Yes or No)

Yes

Yes

48

90 Recommendations and Follow-up Actions

Table 9 provides recommendations to address the current site issues

Table 9 Recommendations to Address Current Site Issues

Issue

A revised groundshywater remedy for the Site has not been selected or mdash implemented and sampling events continue to detect COC concentrations in ground water that are greater than cleanup goals

Land use restrictions for the Site have not yet been implemented

Recommendations Follow-Up Actions

- At the conclusion ofthe current pilot study evaluate results and if appropriate docunient the selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site

A restrictive covenant will be concluded designed to ensure the Site remains industrial

Party Responsible

PRP

PRP

Oversight Agency

EPA

EPA

Milestone Date

01312012

01312012

Affects Protectiveness

(Yes or No) Current

No

No

Future

Yes

Yes

49

100 Protectiveness Statements

The Sites remedy currently protects huinan health and the environment in the short-tenn because it is functioning as intended by the Sites decision documents for soil and sediment Source materials have been excavated and removed for off-site treatment and disposal The selected ground water remedy has not yet been implemented due to concems with promoting migration ofthe ground water plume from the neighboring Alaric Site A pilot-scale bioremediafion treatability study is underway and will hopefully aid in the selecfion of a revised ground water remedy for the Site The affected surficial aquifer in the vicinity ofthe Site is not used for potable water supply and area residents and businesses are connected to municipal water supply In order for the remedy to be protective in the long-tenn issues conceming implementation of a revised ground water remedy and institutional controls should be addressed

50

110 Next Review

This Site is a statutory Site that requires ongoing FYRs as long as waste is left on site that does not allow for unrestricted use and unlimited exposure The next FYR will be due within five years ofthe signatureapproval date ofthis FYR

51

Appendix A List of Documents Reviewed

CERCLA Infonnafion System Site Infomiation accessed from website httpcfpubepa^ovsupercpadcursitescsitinfocfinid=0400674 Accessed May 12 2010

EPA Record of Decision Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) EPA ID FLD053502696 Prepared by US EPA Region 4 May 7 1996

Explanation of Significant Differences Helena Chemical Superfund Site Tampa Hillsborough County FL Prepared by US EPA Region 4 January 27 2005

First Five-Year Review Report for Helena Chemical Company Tampa Hillsborough County Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for US EPA Region 4 January 31 2006 mdash

First Quarter 2010 Pilot Test Implementation Report Helena Chemical Company Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Chemical Conipany July 7 2010

Fourth Quarter 2009 Pilot Test Implementation Report Helena Chemical Company Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Chemical Coinpany March 12 2010

Memorandum of Agreement between the US Environmental Protection Agency Region 4 Superfund Division and the Southwest Florida Water Management District September 11 2008

Pilot Test and Interini Monitoring Work Plan for the Helena Chemical Conipany Superfund Site Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Chemical Company June 30 2009

Pilot Test Implementation Report Helena Cheinical Company Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Chemical Company December 22 2009

Second Quarter 2010 Pilot Test Implementation Report Helena Chemical Conipany Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Chemical Company September 23 2010

Third Quarter 2009 Pilot Test Implementation Report Helena Chemical Company Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Cheinical Coinpany December 22 2009

A-l

Appendix B Press Notice

y PRoA^

U S Environmental Protection Agency Region 4 Announces a Five-Year Review for

the Helena Chemical Company Superfund Site Tampa Hillsborough Countj Florida

PurposeObjective The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is conducting a Five-Year Review ofthe remedy for the Helena Chemical Company Superfuiid site (Site) in Tampa Florida The purpose ofthe Five-Year Review is to ensure that the selected cleanup actions effectively protect human health and the environment

Site~Background The Site covers approximately eight acres and is located in the Orient Park industrial area in Tampa Floiida The ~ facility was built in 1929 as a chemical plant for the production of sulfur The initial owners manufactured wettable and dusting sulfur and formulated pesticides herbicides fungicides and fertilizers at the facility Helena Chemical Company purchased the property in 1967 and continued these manufacturing operations until 1981 The company moved its pesticide herbicide and fiingicide formulation operations to Georgia in 1981 but has continued to fonnulate insecticidal petroleum oil and liquid fertilizers at the facility Former manufacturing operations by Helena Chemical Company and its predecessors resulted in soil and ground water contamination EPA placed the Site on the National Priorities List (NPL) in October 1992

Cleanup Actions In 1996 EPA signed the Record of Decision (ROD) for the Site which selected a remedy to clean up contaminants by excavating and treating contaminated soils disposing of sulfur-contaminated soils offsite neutralizing soil pH and containing ground water contamination to prevent off-site migration Between 2000 and 2005 more than 10000 tons of contaminated soils were excavated for treatment and soils with sulfur contamination were disposed of off site After the soil removals lime was incorporated into remaining on-site soils to neutralize the sulfuric acid present four feet below the land surface However the addition of lime appears to have had minimal effect on areas with low pH Design ofthe ground water treatment system was delayed due to the need to distinguish between source contamination at the Site and source contaniination emanating from another Superfijnd site the Alaric Area Ground Water Plume site which is located adjacent to the Site Ground water sampling conducted in 2007 concluded that pesticide concentrations at the Site continue to exceed cleanup goals established in the ROD and require remedial action Several pilot-scale treatability studies commenced in 2009 and are presently underway

Five-Vear Review Schedule The National Contingency Plan requires that remedial actions that result in any hazardous substances pollutants or contaminants remaining at the Superfimd Sites above levels that allow for unlimited use and unrestricted exposure be reviewed every five years to ensure the protection of human health and the environment The second ofthe Five-Year Reviews for this Site will be completed in January 2011

EPA invites community participation in the Five-Year Review process EPA is conducting this Five-Year Review to evaluate the effectiveness ofthe Sites remedy and to ensure that the remedy remains protective of human health and the environment As part ofthe Five-Year Review process EPA staff are available to answer any questions about the Site Community members who have questions about the Site or the Five-Year Review process or vvho would like to participate in a community interview are asked to contact

Galo Jackson Remedial Project Manager LTonya Spencer Community Involvement Coordinator Phone 404-562-8937 Phone 404-562-8463 1 -800-435-9234 (toll free) E-mail jacksongaloMjepauov E-mail spencerlatonva(5)epagov

Mailing Address EPA Region 4 Sam Nunn Atlanta Federal Center 61 Forsyth St SW Mail Code 9T25 Atlanta GA 30303-8960

Site information is also available at the Sites local document repository at University of South Florida Library 4202 East Fowler Avenue Tampa Florida 33620 and online at httpwvwepcigovi-egion4wasteitplitplflshelenafl-hlin

B-

Appendix C Interview Forms

Interview Form 2011 Five-Year Review - Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) Site Tampa FL

Site Name Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) EPA ID No FLD053502696 Interviewer Name Sabrina Foster Affiliation E Inc Subjects Name Galo Jackson Affiliation EPA Region 4 Subjects Contact Information iacksongalo(fl)epagov Time 915 am Date July 8 2010 Type of Interview (Circle one) In Person Phone Mail Other Location of Interview Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) site

IVIiat is your overall impression ofthe project In tenns ofthe pilot-scale treatability study for water the project is on schedule We are getting results back having them reviewed but it is still too early to tell what the final result will be The treatability study has been challenging but I am hopeful that it will work

2 What effect has this site had on the surrounding community ifany^7 None that 1 am aware of

3 How well do you believe the remedy currently in place is performing7 Do you believe the monitoring data show the remedys effectiveness^ As 1 said before we are still working on the treatability study so it is really too early to tell The study is still in early stages

4 Are you aware of any complaints or inquiries regarding environmental issues or the remedial action from residents since implementation ofthe cleanup 1 have not received any in the last five years

5 Are you aware of any changes in projected land use at or near the site No as far as I know it is all still zoned for heavy industrial use

6 Do you feel well informed about the site y activities and progress Yes EnSafe are the remedial contractors and they do a good job keeping me well-in fonn ed

7 Do you have any commenis suggeslions or recommendations regarding the sile s management or operation Not really The treatability study is underway and 1 am hopeful that it will work

C-1

Site Name Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) EPA ID No FLD053502696 Interviewer Name Sabrina Foster Affiliation E Inc Subjects Name Ed Brister Affiliation Helena Chemical Company Subjects Contact Information bristere(laquo)helenachemicacom Time 900 am Date July 8 2010 Type of Interview (Circle one) In Person Phone Mail Other Location of Interview Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) site

1 What is your overall impression ofthe project My impression is that it is good and has been a successful project

2 What e f f y has this site had on the surrounding community ifany mdash We dont know of any effect on the surrounding community Certainly there hasnt been

an effect on human health At any site like this you are going to have stigma issues but we dont hear any concerns out ofthe community about it

3 How well do you believe the remedy currently in place is performing 1 think it is doing well

4 Are you aware of any complaints or inquiries regarding environmental issues or the remedial action from residents since implementation ofthe cleanup Yes During the implementation ofthe cleanup the soil excavations we did hear of concems Irom a neighbor [Resident 1] We addressed her concems by temporarily moving her and her husband from their home for a couple of months to a location south of here We temporarily moved the [residents] twice once during the big removal in 2000 and again during the excavation and removal ofthe sulfur area in 2004-2005

5 Are you aware of any changes in projected land use at or near the site No not for here or for the surrounding areas

6 Do you feel well informed about the site s activities and progress Yes

7 Do you have any commenis suggestions or recommendations regarding the site f management or operation No

C-2

SiteName Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) EPA ID No FLD053502696 Subjects Name Karen Milicic Affiliation FDEP Subjects Contact Information 850-245-8931 Time 913 am Date August 23 2010 Type of Interview (Circle one) In Person Phone Mail Other E-mail Location of Interview Tallahassee FL

What is your overall impression ofthe project Good appear to be making progress on addressing the contaminants of concem

2 How well do you believe the remedy currently in place is performing Still too early to tell basedon recent lab data

3 Are you comfortable with the institutional controls required for the Site and their current status of implementation Yes at this time

4 Are you aware of any complaints or inquiries regarding environmental issues or the remedial action from residents in the last five years No not aware of any complaints andor inquiries regarding the Site

5 Has your office conducted any Site-related activities or communications in the last five years If so please give purpose and results of these activities Yes to attend a site visit with EPA RPM Galo Jackson

6 Are you aware of any changes to state laws that might affect the protectiveness ofthe remedy Are you aware of any changes in projected land use at the Site Not at this fime

7 Do you feel well informed about the Site 5 activities and progress Feel very well infomied regarding the progress ofthe Site

8 Do you have any comments suggestions or recommendations regarding the Site s management or operation None at this time

C-3

Site Name Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) EPA ID No FLD053502696 Interviewer Name Sabrina Foster Affiliation E^ Inc Subjects Name Mary Yeargan Affiliation Environmental Protection

Commission of Hillsborough County Subjects Contact Information yearganm(fl)epchcorg Time 330 pm Date September 27 2010 Type of Interview (Circle one) In Person Phone Mail Other

What is your overall impression ofthe project My overall impression is that it is continuing along as it has been

2 What are your views about current site condition problems or related concerns mdash 1 was onthe site visit for the last FYR so I am familiar with the-Site and the Five-Year

Review process I think that things are continuing to move forward at the Site with the treatments underway

3 What effect has this site had on the surrounding community This is a blighted community and certainly the presence of a Superfund site contributes to the perception of blight But Helena is not the only Superfund site in the area there is also Stauffer Chemical Florida Steel Alaric as well as the jail and all the bail bonds places So there is blight in the community but it is npt a direct result of Helena

4 Has the local government received any citizen complaints or inquiries regarding environmental issues or activities at this site I havent received any specific complaints nothing about Helena in particular The calls I get largely concem other specific Superfund sites in the area or just the presence of Superfijnd sites in general I did receive a call in 2008 firom a resident who was concemed about well water and whether the presence of Superfijnd sites in the area meant that the water was contaminated Again they didnt specifically mention Helena just Superfund sites in general We called the Department of Public Health to come out and sampled the well and there was no contamination present

5 Have there been routine communications or activities (site visits inspections reporting activities etc) conducted by your office regarding the site If yes please give purpose and results No

6 Are you aware of any changes to local laws that might affect the protectiveness ofthe remedy Are you aware of any changes in projected land use at the Site No Im not aware of any changes to local laws that would impact the Site Helena continues to operate so that land use hasnt changed and I dont imagine that the land use zoning would be changed to anything other than heavy industrial There is a limited amount of space available for heavy industrial so they are going to keep any land already zoned for that purpose

C-4

7 Do you feel well informed about the Sites activities and progress If not what methods would you recommend EPA use to disseminate more information Sure

8 Do you have any comments suggestions or recommendations regarding the project None I have worked with Galo for some time and let him know right away if there are any complaints

C-5

Appendix D Site Inspection Checklist

FIVE-YEAR REVIEW SITE INSPECTION CHECKLIST

I SITE INFORMATION

Site name Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) Date of inspection July 8 2010

Location and Region Tampa FL Region 4 EPA ID FLD053502696

Agency office or company leading the five-year review EPA Region 4 Weathertemperature Clear skies sunny 85F

Remedy Includes (Check all that apply) I I Landfill covercontainment [XI Access controls IXI Institutional controls Xl Groundwater pump and treatment I I Surface water collection and treatment Xl Other Soil excavation and off-site disposal

I I Monitored natural attenuation XI Groundwater containment [~| Vertical banier walls

ttachments XT] Inspection team roster attached I I Site map attached

II INTERVIEWS (Check all that apply)

1 OampM site manager Name Title

Interiewed 77 at site [d at office Q by phone Phone no Problems suggestions XU Report attached

mmddvgtvv Date

OampM staff Name Title

Interviewed O at site J at office XU by phone Phone no Problems suggestions [d Report attached

mmddyyvv Date

D-

3 Local regulatory authorities and response agencies (ie State and Tribal offices emergency response office police department office of public health or environmental health zoning office recorder of deeds or other city and county offices etc) Fill in all that apply

Agency FDEP Contact

Problems

Agencv Cont c t Problems

Agency Contact

Problems

Aeencv Contact

Problems

Agency Contact

Problems

Karen Milicic Name

suggestions bull Report attached

Name suggestions 1 1 Report attached

N me suggestions bull Report attached

Name suggestions bull Report attached

Name suggestions CD Report attached

Proiect Manager Title

see Appendix C

8232010 Date

Title

Title see Appendix C

Date

mdash

Date

Title see Appendix C

ate

Title see Appendix C

Date

850-245-8931 Phone No

Phone No

Phone No

Phone No

Ph iieNo

4 Other interviews (optional) bull Report attached

EPA Region 4 Galo Jackson Remedial Project Manager 782010 404-562-8937

Helena Chemical Company (PRP) Ed Brister Director of Engineering Safety Health 782010901-537-8600

and Environment

III ON-SITE DOCUMENTS amp RECORDS VERIFIED (Check all that apply)

1 O amp M Documents

n OampM manual D Readily available bull Up to date

1 1 As-built drawings O Readily available Q Up to date

n Maintenance logs Q Readily available []] Up to date

Remarks

^ N A

K | N A

E ] N A

2 Site-Specific Health and Safety Plan bull Readily available ^ Up to date D NA

n Contingency planemergency response plan bull Readily available ^ Up to date O NA

Remarks

3 O amp M and OSHA Training Records Q Readily available D Up to date lEI NA

Remarks

D-2

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

1

Permits and Service Agreements

r~l Air discharge pemiit

bull Effluent discharge

n Waste disposal POTW

1 1 Other pemiits

Remarks

Gas Generation Records

Remarks

Settlement Monument Records

Remarks

Groundwater Monitoring Records

r~1 Readily available

n Readily available

77 Readily available

[y Readily available

[72 Readily available

[y Readily available

Q Readily available

Remarks Ground water monitoring records are available for the feasibilitv and intemiittent monitoring records from

n Up to date

bull Up to date

n Up to date

n Up to date

n Up to date

n Up to date mdash bull -

IC] Up to date

[ 3 NA

^ N A

KNA

KNA

13 NA

S N A

KINA

study currently underway sampling to confirm the effectiveness of soil remedial

actions are also available Since a revised ground water remedy for the Site has not vet been or implemented long-temi monitoring o

Leachate Extraction Records

Remarks

Discharge Compliance Records

selected f ground water remedy effectiveness has not yet begun 1

n Readily available

bull Air n Readily available bull Up to date

bull Water (effluent) bull Readily available bull Up to date

Remarks

Daily AccessSecurity Logs

Remarks

IV

OampM Organization

1 1 State in-house

n PRP in-house

1 1 Federal Facility in-house

n

X3 Readily available

OampM COSTS

1 1 Contractor for State

n Contractor for PRP

bull Up to date KNA

KlNA

^ N A

bull Up to date

1 1 Contractor for Federal Facility

KINA

D-3

-gt

3

OampM Cost Records

1 1 Readily available

1 1 Funding mechanist

Original OampM cost es

From mniddvYw

Date

From mmddNyyy

Date

From mnidd-w-w

Date

From mmddyvY

Date

From mmddyvw

Date

Unanticipated or Unu

Describe costs and reas

n Up to date

nagreement in place CH Unavailable

imate | 1 Breakdown attached

Total annual cost by year for review period

To mmddyvw

Date Total cost

To mmddN-vw

ate Total cost

To mmddyvw

Date Total cost

To mmddvvNv

Date Total cost

To mmddyvw

Date Total cost

iually High OampM Costs During Review P

ons

if available

bull Breakdown aitached

1 1 Breakdown attached

- 1 1 Breakdown attached

1 1 Breakdown attached

CH Breakdown attached

eriod

V ACCESS AND INSTITUTIONAL CONTROLS ^ Applicable D NA

A

1

B

1

C

Fencing

Fencing damaged Q Location shown on site map ^ G

Remarks Fencing surrounds entire property gates are secured outsi

Other Access Restrictions

Signs and other security measures O Location s

Remarks Access signs are posted near entry gates

Institutional Controls (ICs]

ues secured CD NA

de of operation hours

10wn on site map CD NA

D-4

Implementation and enforcement

Site conditions imply ICs not properly implemented

Site conditions imply ICs not being fully enforced

Type of monitoring (eg self-reporting drive by)

Frequency

Responsible partyagency

Contact

Name Title

Reporting is up-to-date

Reports are verified by the lead agency

Specific requirements in deed or decision documents have been met

Violations have been reported

Other problems or suggestions CD Report attached

D Y e s

D Y e s

No D NA

No D N A

mrrvaoyy

Date D Yes

DYes

DYes

DYes

wv Phone no

D N O

D N O

D N O

D N O

DNA

Q N A

DNA

DNA

2 Adequacy ^ ICs are adequate O ICs are inadequate CD NA

Remarks The 1996 ROD calls for institutional controls in the fomi of site deed restrictions to limit exposure to ground water contamination until cleanup goals are achieved The ROD also calls for fencing to limit access and exposure to site soil contamination At the request ofthe FDEP land use restrictions for the Site have not yet been implemented however some interim institutional controls lo protect against exposure to ground water contamination have been implemented EPA signed a Memorandum of Agreement with the SWFWMD affimiing SWFWMDs regulatory authority to restrict well construction and well use for potable water at and in the area ofthe Site Secure perimeter fencing provides an engineering control to restrict access to the Site The risk for exposure is minimal because surface soil has been remediated the Helena Chemical Company has continued site operations and plans to continue industrial activities at the Site into the foreseeable ftiture and current and future land use zoning is consistent with the industrial cleanup criteria used in the selection of site cleanup goals

A treatability study is currently underway to help detennine the revised remedy for ground water Once this remedy has been selected and decision documents have been appropriately updated Helena Chemical Company EPA the slate and Hillsborough County will evaluate changes to existing institutional controls and addition of new institutional controls for the Site as well as impacted ground water area as appropriate

D General

Vandalismtrespassing

Remarks

I I Location shown on site map No vandalism evident

2 Land use changes on site

Remarks

NA

3 Land use changes off site

Remarks

^ N A

VI GENERAL SITE CONDITIONS

Roads Applicable D NA

D-5

1

B

Roads damaged

Remarks Paved aspha

Other Site Conditions

[y] Location shown on site map ^ Roads adequate Q NA

It roads are used for access to warehouses and the office building on site

Remarks

A

1

T

3

4

5

6

7

8

VII

Landfill Surface

LANDFILL COVERS D Applicable [^ NA

Settlement (Low spots)

Arial extent

Remarks

Cracks

Lengths

Remarks

Erosion

Arial extent

Remarks

Holes

Arial extent

Remarks

Vegetative Cover

1 1 No signs of stres

Remarks

Alternative Cover

Remarks

Bulges

Arial extent

Remarks

s

1 1 Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

Widths

CD Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on sit map

CH Grass

1 1 TreesSlirubs (indicate size and loi

amiored rock concrete etc)

Xy Location shown on site map

rn Settlement not evident

Depth

CD Cracking not evident

Depths

CD Erosion not evident

Depth

CD Holes not evident

Depth

1 1 Cover properly established

bullations on a diagram)

DNA

CD Bulges not evident

Height

Wet AreasWater Damage bull Wet areaswater damage not evident

bull Wet areas

CD Ponding

n Seeps

bull Soft subgrade

Remarks

CD Location shown on site map

1 1 Location shown on site map

1 1 Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

Arial extent

Arial extent

Arial extent

Arial extent

D-6

9

B

1

2

3

C

1

1

3

4

5

Slope Instability

1 1 No evidence of slope

Arial extent

Remarks

n Slides

instability

CD Location shown on site map

Benches D Applicable ^ NA

(Horizontally constructed mounds of earth placed across a steep landfill side slope to interrupt the slope in order to slow down the velocity of surface runoff and intercept and convey the runoff to a lined channel)

Flows Bypass Bench

Remarks

Bench Breached

Remarks

Bench Overtopped

Remarks

CD Location shown on site map

bull Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

CD NA or okay

bull NA or okay

1 j NA or okay

Letdown Channels bull Applicable ^ NA

(Charaiel lined with erosion control mats riprap grout bags or gabions that descend down the steep side slope ofthe cover and will allow the runoff water collected by the benches to move off of the landfill cover without creating erosion gullies)

Settlement (Low spots)

Arial extent

Remarks

Material Degradation

Material type

Remarks

Erosion

Arial extent

Remarks

Undercutting

Arial extent

Remarks

Obstructions

bull Location shown on sit

Size

Remarks

CD Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

Type

e map Arial extent

CD No evidence of settlement

Depth

[H No evidence of degradation

Arial extent

bull No evidence of erosion

Depth

CD No evidence of undercutting

Depth

1 1 No obstmctions

D-7

6

D

1

2

3

4

5

E

1

9

3

Excessive Vegetative Growth Type

CD No evidence of excessive growth

CD Vegetation in channels does not obstmct flow

CD Location shown on site map Ari

Remarks

al extent

Cover Penetrations XC Applicable ^ NA

Gas Vents bull Active

CD Properly securedlocked Q Functioning

CD Evidence of leakage at penetration

Remarks

Gas Monitoring Probes

CD Properly securedlocked CD Functioning

CD Evidence of leakage at penetration

Remarks

Monitoring Wells (within surface area of landfill)

CD Properly securedlocked [ID Functioning

1 1 Evidence of leakage at penetration

Remarks

Extraction Wells Leachate

CD Properly securedlocked CD Functioning

1 1 Evidence of leakage at penetration

Remarks

Settlement Monuments Q Located

Remarks

Gas Collection and Treatment CD Applicable

Gas Treatment Facilities

n Passive

CD Routinely sampled

CD Needs Maintenance

CD Routinely sampled

CD Needs Maintenance

bull Routinely sampled

CD Needs Maintenance

CD Routinely sampled

1 1 Needs Maintenance

CD Routinely sureyed

^ N A

1 1 Flaring CD Themial destmclion

CD Good condition CD Needs Maintenance

Remarks

Gas Collection Wells Manifolds and Piping

CD Good condition CD Needs Maintenance

Remarks

Gas Monitoring Facilities (eg gas monitoring o

CD Good condition

DNA

- - bull

CD Good condition

DNA

1 1 Good condition

DNA

CD Good condition

DNA

DNA

CD Collection for reuse

Fadjacent homes or buildings)

CD Good condition CD Needs Maintenance CD NA

Remarks

D-8

F

1

2

G

1

1

3

4

H

1

2

I

1

9

3

Cover Drainage Layer bull Applicable ^ NA

Outlet Pipes Inspected CD Functioning

Remarks

Outlet Rock Inspected CD Functioning

Remarks

DetentionSedimentation Ponds bull Applicable

Siltation Area extent Depth

1 1 Siltation not evident

Remarks

Erosion Area extent Depth

CD Erosion not evident

Remarks

Outlet Works bull Functioning

Remarks

Dam CD Functioning

Remarks

Retaining Walls D Applicable ^ NA

Deformations CD Location shown on site map

Horizontal displacement Vertical di

Rotational displacement

Remarks

Degradation [C Location shown on site map

Remarks

Perimeter DitchesOff-Site Discharge [C Applicable

Siltation CD Location shown on site map

Area extent

Remarks

Vegetative Growth bull Location shown on site map

CD Vegetation does not impede flow

Area extent

Remarks

Erosion bull Location shown on site map

Area extent

Remarks

DNA

DNA

^ N A

DNA

DNA

DNA

J Deformation not evident

splacement

CD Degradation not evident

13 NA

CD Siltation not evident

Depth

DNA

Type

CD Erosion not evident

Depth

D-9

4 Discharge Structure Q Functioning bull NA

Remarks

VIII VERTICAL BARRIER WALLS D Applicable ^ NA

1

2

IX

A

1

2

3

B

1

bull )

3

C

Settlement CD Location shown on site map CD Settlement not evident

Area extent Depth

Remarks

Performance Monitoring Type of monitoring

bull Perfomiance not monitored

Frequency CD Evidence of breaching

Head differential

Remarks

GROUNDWATERSURFACE WATER REMEDIES g] Applicable Q NA

Groundwater Extraction Wells Pumps and Pipelines X Applicable ^ NA

Pumps Wellhead Plumbing and Electrical

CD Good condition CD Ail required wells properly operating CD Needs Maintenance CD NA

Remarks

Extraction System Pipelines Valves Valve Boxes and Other Appurtenances

bull Good condition O Needs Maintenance

Remarks

Spare Parts and Equipment

bull Readily available bull Good condition bull Requires upgrade bull Needs to be provided

Remarks

Surface Water Collection Structures Pumps and Pipelines [72 Applicable ^ NA

Collection Structures Pumps and Electrical

CD Good condition CD Needs Maintenance

Remarks

Surface Water Collection System Pipelines Valves Valve Boxes and Other Appurtenances

CD Good condition CD Needs Maintenance

Remarks

Spare Parts and Equipment

bull Readily available O Good condition Q Requires upgrade bull Needs to be pr vided

Remarks

Treatment System bull Applicable 3 NA

D-10

T

Treatment Train (Check components that apply)

I I Metals removal [72 Oilwater separation [72 Bi remediation

I I Air stripping [Zl Carbon adsorbers

D Filters

I I Additive (eg chelation agent flocculent)

n Others

I I Good condition [7 Needs Maintenance

I I Sampling ports properly marked and fianctional

I I Samplingmaintenance log displayed and up to date

CD Equipment properly identified mdash

I I Quantity of groundwater treated annually

I I Quantity of surface water treated annually

Remarks

Electrical Enclosures and Panels (properly rated and functional)

I I NA [22 Good condition [2 Needs Maintenance

Remarks

3 Tanks Vaults Storage Vessels

I I NA [J] Good condition [] Proper secondary containment [2 Needs Maintenance

Remarks

4 Discharge Structure and Appurtenances

I I NA CD Good condition [72 Needs Maintenance

Remarks

5 Treatment Building(s)

CD NA CD Golt d condition (esp roof and doorways) CD Needs repair

I I Chemicals and equipment properly stored

Remarks

6 Monitoring Wells (pump and treatment remedy)

I I Properly securedlocked [7 Functioning CD Routinely sampled CD Good condition

I I All required wells located CD Needs Maintenance CD NA

Remarks

D Monitoring Data

1 Monitoring Data

3 Is routinely submitted on time ^ Is of acceptable quality

2 Monitoring data suggests

[H Groundwater plume is effectively contained CD Contaminant concentrations are declining

D-

E Monitored Natural Attenuation 1 Monitoring Wells (natural attenuation remedy)

I I Properly securedlocked CD Functioning CD Routinely sampled CD Good condition

CD All required wells located CD Needs Maintenance ^ NA

Remarks X OTHER REMEDIES

If there are remedies applied at the site and not covered above attach an inspection sheet describing the physical nature and condition of any facility associated with the remedy An example would be soil vapor extraction

In September 2009 Helena Chemical Company began a pilot-scale bioremediation treatability study at the Site to test the effectiveness of sulfate reduction and anaerobic xylene degradation to treat residual ground water contamination in the surficial aquifer and the intemiediate aquifer system The pilot study also investigates reductive dechlorination of BHC isomers tlirough addition of facultative anaerobic cultures enhancement of nitrate- iron- and sulfate-reducers and addition of a reduction agent such as zero-valent iron with a pH adjustment The study was scheduled to conclude by the fourth quarter of 2010 and a contingency time of an additional 12 months has been allotted in the treatability study schedule if necessary

XI OVERALL OBSERVATIONS A Implementation of the Remedy

The pesticide source contamination in soil was excavated in 2000 and shipped offsite to an approved disposal facilitv in Louisiana Further soil excavation activities were performed in 2004 and 2005 in order to address sulfiir contamination source areas A pilot study to assess treatability of ground water contamination originating from the fomier sulfur pit area and the former xylene tank area is presently underway Results ofthe study will inform the selection ofthe remedy for ground water at the Site

B Adequacy of OampM A treatability study is presently underway for ground water treatment at the Site OampM activities have yet to commence

Early Indicators of Potential Remedy Problems None

D Opportunities for Optimization None

Site Inspection Team Galo Jackson EPA Region 4 Ed Brister Helena Chemical Conipany Christy Fielden E Inc Sabrina Foster E Inc

D-12

Appendix E Photographs from Site Inspection Visit

Helena Chemical Company office building at the Site

Signs at delivery gate which is secured outside of facility operating hours

E-1

Chemical storage warehouse on site

Fonner sulfur pit area with new chemical warehouse facilities

E-2

Monitoring well in the former sulfiir pit area

Pilot study monitoring wells in the former xylene tank area

E-3

Page 2: Five-Year Review Report Second Five-Year Review Report

Second Five-Year Review Report for

Helena Chemical Conipany (Tampa Plant) 2405 North 71 Street

Tampa Hillsborough County Florida

List of Acronyms 3

Executive Summary 4

Five-Year Review Summary Form 7

10 Introduction 9

20 Site Chronology 10

30 Background 11

31 PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS 11

32 LAND AND RESOURCE USE 15

33 HISTORY OF CONTAMINATION 15

34 INITIAL RESPONSE 17

35 BASIS FOR TAKING ACTION 17

40 Remedial Actions 18

41 REMEDY SELECTION 18

42 REMEDY IMPLEMENTATION 20

43 OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE (OampM) 26

50 Progress Since the Last Five-Year Review 27

51 GROUND WATER REMEDY DISCUSSIONS 28

52 XYLENE SOURCE AREA DISCUSSIONS 29

53 INSTITUTIONAL CONTROLS EVALUATION 29

60 Five-Year Review Process 31

61 ADMINISTRATIVE COMPONENTS 31

62 COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT 31

63 DOCUMENT REVIEW 31

64 DATA REVIEW 33

65 SITE INSPECTION 39

66 INTERVIEWS 43

70 Technical Assessment 45

71 QUESTION A Is THE REMEDY FUNCTIONING AS INTENDED BY THE DECISION

DOCUMENTS 45

72 QUESTION B ARE THE EXPOSURE ASSUMPTIONS TOXICITY DATA CLEANUP LEVELS AND

REMEDIAL ACTION OBJECTIVES (RAOS) USED AT THE TIME OF REMEDY SELECTION

STILL VALID 4 6

73 QUESTION C HAS ANY OTHER INFORMATION COME TO LIGHT THAT COULD CALL INTO

QUESTION THE PROTECTIVENESS OF THE REMEDY 46

74 TECHNICAL ASSESSMENT SUMMARY 46

80 Issues 48

90 Recommendations and Follow-up Actions 49

100 Protectiveness Statements 50

110 Next Review 51

Appendix A List of Documents Reviewed A-l

Appendix B Press Notice B-1

Appendix C Interview Forms C-1

Appendix D Site Inspection Checklist D-1

Appendix E Photographs from Site Inspection Visit E-1

Tables Table 1 Chronology of Site Events 10 Table 2 COCs and Cleanup Goals 19 Table 3 Progress on Recommendations from the 2006 FYR 27 Table 4 Previous and 2010 ARARs for Ground Water COCs 33 Table 5 Sulfur Area Pilot Test COC Detections in Ground Water to Date 34 Table 6 Xylene Area Pilot Test COC Detections in Ground Water to Date 37 Table 7 Institutional Control (IC) Summary Table 42 Table 8 Current Site Issues 48 Table 9 Recommendations to Address Current Site Issues 49

Figures Figure 1 Site Location Map 13 Figure 2 Detailed Site Map 14 Figure 3 Map of Pilot Study Area 25 Figure 4 Site Parcel Map 41

List of Acronyms

44-DDT 44-Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane figL micrograms per liter ARAR Applicable or Relevant and Appropriate Requirement bgs below ground surface BHC Benzene Hexachloride CERCLA Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation and Liability Act CFR Code of Federal Regulations CIC Community Involvement Coordinator COC Contaminant of Concem DDD Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane DDE Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene ~ DDT Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane EPA United States Environmental Protection Agency ESD Explanation of Significant Differences FAC Florida Administrative Code FDEP Florida Department of Environmental Protection FHRS Florida Department of Health and Rehabilitative Sei-vices FYR Five-Year Review HQ Hazard Quotient IC Institutional Control LTTD Low Temperature Themial Desorption MCL Maximum Contaminant Level mgkg milligrams per kilogram NCP National Contingency Plan NPL National Priorities List OampM Operation and Maintenance PRP Potentially Responsible Party RA remedial action RAO remedial action objective RD remedial design RIFS remedial investigation and feasibility study ROD record of decision RPM Remedial-Project Manager SWFWMD Southwest Florida Water Management District TBC To-Be-Considered Criteria VOC Volatile Organic Compound

Executive Summary

Introduction

The Helena Chemical Company (Tampa Plant) Site (the Site) consists of approximately eight acres located on four property parcels in Tampa Hillsborough County Florida Since 1929 the Site has been used for pesticide and agricultural chemical operations Helena Chemical Company moved most ofthe plants chemical formulation activities to a facility in Georgia in 1981 Some fonnulation and packaging of insecticidal spray oil and liquid fertilizers continues at the facility however the Site serves predominantly as a warehouse and distribution center for Helena Chemical Companys Florida sales locations Historical chemical mixing and fonnulation practices resulted in the contamination of soil and ground water with pesticides xylenes and sulfuric acid _ -_ mdash

The 1996 Record of Decision (ROD) selected a remedy for the Site that consisted of excavation and off-site disposal of contaminated soil from source areas and ground water containment extraction and treatment In 2000 approximately 7700 tons of pesticide-contaminated soil sediment and debris were excavated from the former xylene tank area and from the east drainage ditch along the CSX railway line located immediately to the south ofthe Site In 2004 and 2005 demolition and removal of concrete from the central courtyard area allowed for excavation of approximately 3000 tons of contaminated soil from the fonner sulfur pit area

The Site is located adjacent to two other Superfiind sites Alaric Area Ground Water Plume (Alaric Site) and Stauffer Chemical Co (Tampa) The ground water pump-and-treat system selected in the 1996 ROD has not been implemented so as not to exacerbate ground water plume migration from the Alaric Site In August 2009 the potentially responsible party (PRP) Helena Chemical Company began a pilot-scale bioremediation treatability study at the Site to test the effectiveness of substrate injection in ground water contaminant source areas in order for biological and physical degradation ofthe contaminants to occur The study was scheduled to continue for 12 months with a contingency period of another 12 months if necessary

The triggering action for this Five-Year Review (FYR) was the signing ofthe previous FYR report on January 31 2006

Remedial Action Objectives

The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) issued the site-wide ROD on May 7 1996 Based on the results ofthe Sites remedial investigation and feasibility study (RIFS) EPA detennined that remediation of soil sediment and ground water would be required for the protection of human health and the environment Remedial action objectives (RAOs) established in the ROD for the Site include

bull Restore the Site to beneficial use bull Reduce risk to human health within EPAs acceptable risk range (ie total residual

cancer risk between 1 x 10 to 1 x IO and maximum individual contaminant hazard quotient of one)

bull Reduce ecological risk and bull Protect ground water from continued degradation by site contaminants

Technical Assessment

The review of documents applicable or relevant and appropriate requirements (ARARs) risk assumptions and the Site inspection indicate that the Sites soil remedy is functioning as intended by Site decision documents for soil and sediment Pesticide-contaminated surface soil and sediment at the Site and the adjacent CSX railway line east drainage ditch were excavated and shipped offsite for biological treatment and disposal Contaminated soil and residual sulfur were also excavated and shipped offsite for disposal Since there is commingling ofthe Sites ground water plumes with those ofthe adjacent Alaric Site the pump-and-treat ground water remedy selected in the 1996 ROD may not cun^ently be appropriate to-implement at the Site until the Alaric Sites plumes have been remediated Helena Chemical Company proposed a pilot-scale treatability study to evaluate the feasibility of biological and physical ground water contaminant degradation The work plan for this treatability study was approved by EPA in August 2009 The study is currently underway and was scheduled to conclude by the fourth quarter of 2010 with a contingency period of another 12 months if necessary A final report documenting the effectiveness ofthe first full year ofthe treatability study was not available at the time this FYR report was drafted therefore a decision regarding whether to implement the additional 12 month contingency period had also not been made The final results ofthe treatability study will be used to infonn the selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site In the event that the treatability study is not successful EPA may consider additional avenues to approach remediation including additional excavation

The ARARs for four ofthe nine ground water contaminants of concem (COCs) aldrin alpha-benzene hexachloride (BHC) beta-BHC and dieldrin have become more stringent since the signing ofthe 1996 ROD During the current ground water treatability study alpha-BHC and beta-BHC have been detected at levels greater than the 1996 cleanup goal Remedial activities at the Site have allowed the continued industrial use ofthe property and have reduced ecological risk at the Site The selection of a revised ground water remedy is required before achieving the remaining two RAOs 1) protection of ground water from confinued degradadon by site contaminants and 2) reduction of risk to human health within EPAs acceptable risk range Residual soil contaminafion remains present below the water table and the ground water plume continues to exceed cleanup goals The industrial land use at the Site and in the surrounding area has not changed since the ROD was signed therefore the exposure assumptions are sfill valid

The 1996 ROD selected the implementation of institutional controls in the fonn of deed restrictions because industrial remedial goals for the soil and sediment were selected due to the Sites industrial zoning In addition an engineering control in the form of fencing was specified Land use restrictions have not yet been implemented for the Site however some interim institutional controls to protect against exposure to ground water contamination have been implemented Current and future zoning designations are consistent with the industrial land use criteria used in selection of Site COC cleanup goals In 2008 EPA entered into a Memorandum of Agreement with the Southwest Florida Water Management District (SWFWMD) The document confirms SWFWMDs regulatory authority to place restrictions on

well placement and constmction Through shared infonnation between the two agencies SWFWMD can make infonned pennitting and enforcement decisions to prevent exposure to ground water contamination that could pose a risk to human health No impacted ground water wells are used for potable water buildings at the Site and in the surrounding area are connected to municipal water supply lines At the request ofthe FDEP the need for additional institutional controls will be evaluated upon selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site

The Site is well-maintained and is suirounded by a secured perimeter fence with signs restricting access Access is limited to authorized persons during regular business hours All site-related wells have been secured or if no longer operational have been properly abandoned

Conclusion

The Sites remedy cun-enfiy protects huinan health and the environment in the short-temi because it is functioning as intended by the Sites decision documents for soil and sediment Source materials have been excavated and removed for off-site treatment and disposal The selected ground water remedy has not yet been implemented due to concems with promoting migration ofthe ground water plume from the neighboring Alaric Site A pilot-scale bioremediation treatability study is underway and will hopefijlly aid in the selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site The affected surficial aquifer in the vicinity ofthe Site is not used for potable water supply and area residents and businesses are connected to municipal water supply In order for the remedy to be protective in the long-term issues concerning implementation of a revised ground water remedy and institutional should be addressed

Five-Year Review Summary Form

SITE IDENTIFICATION Site name (fnnn WasteLAN) Helena Chemical Company (Tampa Plant) EPA ID (from WasteLAN) FLD053502696

Region 4 State Florida CityCounty TanipaHillsborough County

S I T E S T A T U S

NPL status ^ Final D Deleted D Other (specify) Remediation status (choose all that apply) ^ Under Construction HH Operating Q Complete Multiple OUs D YES ^ NO ^ ^ bdquo bdquo ^ ^ v^ Has site been put into reuse [^ YES I I NO Site is in c

Construction completion date Not Applicable ontiiiued use by the Helena Clieiiiical Company

R E V I E W S T A T U S

Lead agency | ^ EPA I I State I I Tribe I I Other Federal Agency

4uthor name Sabrina Foster and Cliristy Fielden (Reviewed by EPA) Author title Associate and Project Manager uthor affiliation E Inc

Review period 04152010 to 01312011 Date(s) of site inspection 07082010

Type of review IXI Post-SARA n Pre-SARA I I Non-NPL Remedial Action Site I I Regional Discretion

n NPL-Remova only n NPL StateTribe-lead

Review nuniber Q 1 (First) ^ 2 (second) Q 3 (third) bull Other (specify)

Triggering action I I Actual RA Onsite Construction at 0U I I Construction Completion I I Other (specify)

n Actual RA Start at 0U 1X1 Previous Five-Year Review Report

Triggering action date (from WasteLAM) 01312006 Due date (fiveyears after triggering action date) 0131 201 1

OU refers lo operable unit] [Review period should correspond to lhe actual start and end dates ofthe Five-Year Review in WasteLAN]

Five-Year Review Summary Form continued

Issues 1) A revised ground water remedy for the Site has not been selected or implemented and sampling events continue to detect COC concentrations in groutid water that are greater than cleanup goals 2) Land use restrictions for the Site have not yet been implemented 3) The ARARs for aldrin alpha-BHC beta-BHC and dieldrin have become more stringent since the signing ofthe 1996 ROD

Recommendations and Follow-up Actions 1) At the conclusion ofthe current pilot study evaluate results and if appropriate document the selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Sile 2) During the future modification ofthe selected ground water remedy evaluate the need for soil and sediment source control institutional controls and for additional ground water institutional controls and implement as appropriate

Protectiveness Statement The Sites remedy cuiTently protects human health and the environment in the short-term because it is functioning as intended by the Sites decision documents for soil and sediment Source materials have been excavated and removed for off-site treatment and disposal The selected ground water remedy has not yet been implemented due to concems with promoting migration ofthe ground water plume from the neighboring Alaric Site A pilot-scale bioremediation treatability study is underway and vvill hopefully aid in the selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site The affected surficial aquifer in the vicinity ofthe Site is not used for potable water supply and area residents and businesses are connected to municipal water supply In order for the remedy to be protective in the long-term issues concerning implementation of a revised ground water remedy and institutional controls should be addressed

Other Coniments Deed records for the Site could not be located tlirough the Hillsborough County Deed Records Office or tlirough an EPA property title search If evaluation of appropriate institutional controls for the Site results in the selection of a restrictive covenant these deed records will need to be located for the restrictive covenant to be implemented

Environmental Indicators - Current hunian exposures at this site are under control - Current ground water migration is not under control

Are Necessarv Institutional Controls in Place n All lEl Some D None A Memorandum of Agreement between EPA and the Southwest Florida Water Management District (SWFWMD) confirms SWFWMDs authority to regulate ground water well use and to impose additional restrictions for the Site and surrounding area Current and anticipated ftiture land uses and zoning are consistent with the industrial criteria used in selection of Site cleanup goals At the request ofthe FDEP once a revised ground water remedy has been selected the Site will be further evaluated to detennine whether additional institutional controls are required

Has the Site Been Designated as Site-Wide Readv for Anticipated Use D Yes ^ No

Second Five-Year Review Report for

Helena Chemicai Company (Tampa Plant) Superfund Site

10 Introduction

The purpose of a Five-Year Review (FYR) is to evaluate the implementation and perfoimance of a remedy in order to detemiine if the remedy will confinue to be protective of human health and the environinent The methods findings and conclusions of FYRs are documented in five-year review reports In addition FYR reports identify issues found during the review ifany and document recommendations to address them

The US Environmental Protecfion Agency (EPA) prepares FYRs pursuant to the Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA) Section 121 and the National Confingency Plan (NCP) CERCLA Secfion 121 states

If the President selects a remedial action that results in any hazardous substances pollutants or contaminants remaining at the site the President shall review such remedial action no less often than each five years after the initiation of such remedial action to assure that human health and the environinent are being protected by the remedial action being implemented In addition if upon such review it is the judgment ofthe President that acfion is appropriate at such site in accordance with section [104] or [106] the President shall take or require such action The President shall report to the Congress a list of facilifies for which such review is required the results of all such reviews and any actions taken as a result of such reviews

EPA interpreted this requirement further in the NCP Title 40 ofthe Code of Federal Regulafions (CFR) Secfion 300430(f)(4)(ii) states

If a remedial acfion is selected that results in hazardous substances pollutants or contaminants remaining at the site above levels that allow for unlimited use and unrestricted exposure the lead agency shall review such actions no less often than every five years after the initiation ofthe selected remedial action

E Inc an EPA Region 4 contractor conducted the FYR and prepared this report regarding the remedy implemented at the Helena Chemical Company (Tampa Plant) Site (the Site) in Tampa Hillsborough County Florida This FYR was conducted from April of 2010 to January of 2011 EPA is the lead agency for developing and implementing the remedy for the potentially responsible party (PRP)-financed cleanup at the Site The Florida Department of Environmental Protection (FDEP) as the support agency representing the State of Florida has reviewed all supporting documentafion and provided input to EPA during the FYR process

This is the second FYR for the Site The triggering action for this statutory review is the previous FYR in 2006 The FYR is required due to the fact that hazardous substances pollutants or contaminants remain at the Site above levels that allow for unlimited use and unrestricted exposure

20 Site Chronology

The following table lists the dates of important events for the Site

Table 1 Chronology of Site Events

Event Initial discovery of contamination Site proposed for the National Priorities List (NPL) Administrative Order on Consent between EPA and Helena Chemical Company remedial investigation and feasibility study (RIFS) start date Site listed on the NPL RIFS completed -Record of Decision (ROD) signed Unilateral Administrative Order and Consent Decree issued by EPA to Helena Chemical Company for implementation of remedial design (RD) and remedial action (RA) RD start date Soil RD completion date and RA start date Soil RA completed RD for sulfur area started RD for sulfur area completed Explanation of Significant Differences (ESD) for xylene issued Consent Decree issued by EPA to Helena Cheinical Company for cost recovery First FYR signed Memorandum of Agreement signed between EPA Region 4 and Southwest Florida Water Management District (SWFWMD) Pilot test for ground water and interini monitoring program start

Date August I 1980

February 7 1992 September 2 1992

October 14 1992 Iuly20 1995 Mav 7 1996

December 10 1996

December 26 1996 Februan 142000

March 7 2001 March 182003

May 8 2003 lanuary 27 2005

July 20 2005

January 31 2006 September 11 2008

August 2009

30 Background

31 Physical Characteristics

The Site is located at 2405 North 71^ Street within the City of Tampa in Hillsborough County Florida (Figure 1) This active commercial and industrial land use area is known as Orient Park or Bunchville An acfive CSX railway line mns along the southem border ofthe Site The active main operating facility is on a single 65-acre parcel (Parcel A-I4-29-19-4CA-000000-000220) bounded by Orient Road to the east East 14 Avenue to the north and North 71^ Street to the west Three additional parcels (Parcel A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000320 Parcel A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000330 and Parcel A-14-29-19-4CE-000003-000010) totaling 197 acres located west of North 71 Street are also included as part ofthe Site and are known as the Helena Woods The Site is situated between two other Superfund sites I) the Alaric Area Ground Water Plume Superfund Site (Alaric Site) to the north ofthe Helena Woods area and to the west ofthe main operating facility and 2) the Stauffer Chemical Company (Tampa) Superfund Site to the southeast ofthe Site on the southem side ofthe CSX railroad tracks

The Site is approximately 05 miles west of Six Mile Creek and the Tampa Bypass Canal The Site is subject to flooding during periods of intense and extended rainfall Surface water at the Site is composed entirely of stonnwater mnoff and the sediment remediation in the Sites selected remedy addresses sediment deposited by this overland flow Stonnwater mnoff from the central portion ofthe Site channels into concrete drainage swales and flows into an on-site retention pond located in the southeastem comer ofthe operating facility parcel The retenfion pond is designed to hold stonnwater mnoff during a 20-year stonn A spillway at the southeastem corner ofthe retention pond allows overflow to drain into a drainage ditch parallel to the CSX railroad tracks The retention pond is part ofthe mnoff control system at the Site and does not constitute a significant ecological habitat

On the westem and northem boundaries ofthe operating facility parcel stonnwater flows to the southwest where it collects in a low-lying section ofthe Helena Woods area and then flows to the north via a paired ditchculvert system along the east and west shoulders of North 71st Street On the east boundary surface water flow continues south along the ditch parallel to Orient Road Drainage tums eastward through a culvert under Orient Road then travels east-northeast for approximately 05 miles The drainage pathway continues through a swale on the north side ofthe CSX right-of-way

Surficial deposits at the Site consist of a thin three to six inch layer of topsoil and sediment covering fine- to medium-grained sands These deposits extend approximately 11 feet below the ground surface (bgs) and are primarily unconsolidated brown fineshygrained sands with traces of organic matter clay silt medium-grained sand and shells The surficial deposits fonn a sharp contact with the underlying Intemiediate Confining Unit which is a stiff intemiediate clay unit between the overlying surficial aquifer and the underlying poorly consolidated limestones that grade into more indurated limestones

11

The bottom portions ofthe surficial unit are saturated year-round the water table fluctuates drasfically with precipitation with seasonal high-water tables rising to within one foot bgs The clay ofthe Intermediate Confining Unit or intennediate aquifer system has low hydraulic pemieability and fonns the semi-confining unit between the ground water of the surficial aquifer and the Floridan aquifer The Upper Floridan aquifer is encountered at approximately 80 feet bgs Moderately indurated clayey sandy limestone is present in the upper section ofthe Floridan aquifer

Ground water flow at the Site is oriented in a radial pattem to the northeast east southeast south and southwest Gradients are the highest in the southeastem direction and lowest toward the northeast and southwest

12

Figure I Site Location Map

Helena Chemical Company Superfund Site Tampa HiHsborough County Florida

Disclaimer This map and any boundary lines within the map are approximate and subject to change The map is not a survey The map is for informational purposes only regarding EPAs response actions at the Site and is not intended for any other purpose

13

Figure 2 Detailed Site Map

~ vHak Area Ground Water Plume Site t

h-V -bull

^

KbullVI^tHl

-

4 ^

See Figure 3 _JSCnSt detail

T--

bdquo bdquo ^ bdquo I

1

I C ^ bullbull

Stauffer Chemical Company (Tampa) Site

Zi

Lagand [ __ ftppronmals Boundary at Suf id A q u h i Gtowid VUMCf Plume L ^ BounMry

17 AjipxiitrratD Boundary of inMimodixe Aqutar System Grcurd Matnr Plume ^ Priaiate WWis Found D i ^ r ^ Sts inapecVon

bull lnlBiniediraquoIeA^u-fcrSyilBT MonlaingwVei Incnaed in Monilonnj Program S SurfcalApufcr Mantarng WBK Incliided in Manitomg Prcgran

^ Weimedisie Aquilei Sysle-n Moiatof Kig Well Not lncjltteltlaquo in Monltonng Progiain pound Suifcal Aqullte Montamo Well Not Inoufled n Monilonrraquo8 Pr agiam

Helena Chemical Company Superfund Site Tampa Hillsborough County Florida

y Disclaimer This map and any boundary lines within the map are approximate and subject to change The map is not a survey The map is for informational purposes only regarding EPAs response actions at the Site and is not intended for any other purpose

14

32 Land and Resource Use

The Site has been used for the manufacture storage and distribution of agricultural products since 1929 The original Site owner Flag Sulfur Company fomiulated a wide variety of insecticides herbicides and fungicides including wettable and dusting sulfur at the Site from 1929 until 1967 Helena Chemical Company acquired the business in 1967 and continued manufacturing operations In 1981 Helena Chemical Company

moved the pesticides herbicides and fiingicides fonnulation operafions to a facility in Georgia in 1981 and the Tampa facility has confinued fomiulating and packaging insecticidal spray oil and liquid fertilizers since that time The Site also serves as Helena Chemical Companys main distribution warehouse for sales locations in the State of Florida

The Site consists of four land parcels within a secured Site perimeter fence The largest of these parcels (65 acres) contains the active Helena Chemical Company offices warehouses and distribufion centers as well as associated paved parking areas This parcel (A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000220) is presenfly zoned for light industrial land uses The Planning Commission serving Hillsborough County the City of Plant City the City of Temple Terrace and the City of Tampa anticipates this parcels fijture land use to be heavy industrial The three smaller parcels forming the Helena Woods area are covered by low grassy vegetation and oak trees and also contain several ground water monitoring wells for the Alaric Site located immediately to the north Two ofthe Helena Woods parcels are listed as being vacant and the third is zoned for a mobile home park The Planning Commission anficipates that all three parcels will be zoned for heavy industrial use in the future North 7P Street fomierly crossed the CSX railroad tracks to the south ofthe Site but the road was closed after an accident at the crossing The street now dead ends at the entrance gate to the tmck loading area on the Helena Cheinical Company property and the closed section of street between the entrance gate and the railroad tracks is included within the Site perimeter fencing

Surrounding land uses predominanfly include various light and heavy industrial uses as well as commercial land uses Small pockets of single family residences are located several blocks to the north and to the west ofthe Site Buildings on the Site and throughout the area impacted by site-related ground water contaniination are connected to municipal water supply lines None ofthe ground water wells impacted by contamination fi^om the Site are used for potable water supply

33 History of Contamination

The facility was built in 1929 as a chemical plant for the production of sulfur and was owned and operated by Flag Sulfur Conipany No historical records regarding the specific products formulated during Flag Sulfijr Company operafions are available but previous facility managers indicated that the conipany manufactured wettable and dusting sulfijr and fomiulated pesticides herbicides fungicides and fertilizers at the Site In 1967 Helena Chemical Conipany purchased the facility fi^om Duval Corporation the owner of Flag Sulfur Company From 1967 to 1981 Helena Chemical Conipany produced

15

wettable and dusting sulfur and fomiulated pesticides herbicides fungicides and fertilizers at the Site The company purchased the raw niaterials fi^oiii suppliers and added solvent emulsifiers andor surfactant to give the finished product certain characteristics required for various applications and strengths

Historically most agricultural chemical fonnulation occurred in the East Warehouse building located in the south central portion ofthe main operating facility parcel The fonnulation process for liquid products would consist of mixing a technical chemical with various solvents a surfactant andor emulsifiers in aboveground mixing vessels in the East Warehouse building Various solvents including xylene and an intemiediate range petroleum solvent called T-500 were used as pesticide carriers or diluents These solvents were stored on site in aboveground storage tanks A 3500-galIon capacity aboveground xylene storage tank was historically located in a benned area to the east of the East Warehouse building This tank was vandalized in 1977 causing a release of xylene to the soil and ground water below

In 1974 Helena Cheinical Company began using a three-tank pollution control system to handle the wash-down waste generated from pesticide manufacturing The wash-down waste consisted primarily of pesticides in a xylene carrier It was diluted with other process water and stonnwater treated vvith caustic soda run through an aeration evaporation treatnient system and finally discharged to the on-site stomiwater retention pond Sludges associated with the treatment system were periodically removed and shipped to the Chemical Waste Management Inc facility in Emelle Alabama for appropriate disposal At an undetemiined time between 1984 and 1988 use ofthe three-tank pollution control system was discontinued

According to the 1996 ROD the on-site stomiwater retention pond may have received some overflow waste from the East Warehouse building before the pollution control tanks were installed in 1974 During construction ofthe retention pond soil in the southeastem portion ofthe Site was removed using backhoes and placed in the Helena Woods area While the Helena Woods area was never used for agricultural chemical fonnulation or packaging contaniination in this area is attributed to the dredge niaterials irom the retention pond and to treatinent with pesticides and herbicides during routine maintenance activities

Dry products were formulated in the east end ofthe West Warehouse building just south ofthe loading dock using a Raymond Mill for grinding and a set of ribbon blenders for mixing Helena Chemical Company would then package the finished product for resale Both Flag Sulfur Company and Helena Chemical Conipany manufactured sulfiir dust and wettable sulfur on site Flag Sulfur Companys operations are largely unknown Helena Chemical Companys sulfur processing operations consisted of transporting molten sulfur to the Site and unloading the sulfur in the fonner sulfijr pit area located south ofthe current central paved courtyard between the West and East Warehouse buildings The sulfur was contained in berms for a period of approximately 48 hours until it had solidified Heavy equipment was then used to break the sulfur into pieces for processing through the Raymond Mill

16

34 Initial Response

In 1976 Helena Chemical Company stopped processing sulfijr products The fomier sulfur pit area was excavated and then filled with clean sand In 1980 the fomiulation of dry fertilizers was also discontinued at the facility In 1981 Helena Chemical Company moved the pesticide herbicide and fungicide fonnulation operation to a company facility in Georgia Since 1981 Helena Chemical Company has fomiulated insecficidal petroleum oil (a 70-viscosity paraffin-based oil with an emulsifier additive) and liquid fertilizers at the Site In addition to products produced at the facility numerous agricultural products are stored in the warehouse prior to distribution to Helena Chemical

- Companys Florida sales offices mdash

In 1984 FDEP inspected the Site and required quarterly monitoring ofthe surficial aquifer From 1988 to 1990 EPA investigated the Site and found pesticide contaniination in the on-site soil sediment and surficial aquifer Based on the potential for hunian exposure via ingestion of contaminated ground water EPA proposed the Site for listing on the NPL in Febmary 1992 and finalized the listing in October 1992

The Florida Department of Health and Rehabilitative Services (FHRS the predecessor of FDEP) in cooperation with the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry prepared a public health assessment for the Site in September 1993 In that report FHRS expressed concem for on-site worker contact with contaminated soil and exposure to sediment and ground water FHRS made several recommendations that additional data should be collected Under a September 1992 Consent Order with EPA Helena Cheinical Coinpany perfonned a RIFS at the Site The primary objectives ofthe invesfigation were to detemiine the nature magnitude and extent of contamination evaluate potential risks to human health and the environinent and evaluate potential cleanup altematives Site operations have remained active throughout site investigations and remedial activities

35 Basis for Taking Action

The results ofthe RIFS documented extensive surface soil and sediment contaniination including pesticides semivolatile organic compounds and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) related to fonner operations by Helena Chemical Company and its predecessors The investigations also documented contamination of ground water in the surficial aquifer and intemiediate aquifer systems with chlorinated pesticides polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons phenols and VOCs A human health risk assessment perfonned by Black and Veatch in 1994 concluded that risks to current and future site workers current and future trespassers and potential future Site residents exceeded acceptable risk and hazard thresholds

17

40 Remedial Actions

In accordance with CERCLA and the NCP the ovemiding goals for any remedial action are protecfion of human health and the environment and compliance with applicable or relevant and appropriate requirements (ARARs) A nuinber of remedial altemafives were considered for the Site fmal selection was made based on an evaluafion ofeach altemative against nine evaluation criteria that are specified in Secfion 300430(e)(9)(iii) ofthe NCP The nine criteria include

L Overall Protectiveness of Human Health and the Environment 2 Compliance with ARARs 3 Long-Tenn Effectiveness and Pennanence 4 Reduction of Toxicity Mobility or Volume of Contaminants through Treatment 5 Short-temi Effectiveness 6 Implementability 7 Cost 8 State Acceptance 9 Community Acceptance

41 Remedy Selection

EPA issued the site-wide ROD on May 7 1996 Based on the results ofthe Sites RIFS EPA detennined that remediation of soil sediment and ground water would be required for the protection of huinan health and the environment Remedial action objecfives (RAOs) established in the ROD for the Site include

bull Restore the Site to beneficial use bull Reduce risk to human health within EPAs acceptable risk range (ie total

residual cancer risk between 1 x 10 to 1 x 10 and maximum individual contaminant Hazard Quotient of 1)

bull Reduce ecological risk bull Protect ground water from continued degradation by Site contaminants

The remedy selected in the Sites 1996 ROD consisted ofthe following remedial components for source control in soil and sediment

Implement institutional controls (ie fencing (cumenfiy considered an engineering control) and deed restrictions) Demolish tank fanii pads east ofthe liquid processing building (East Warehouse) and dispose ofthe debris offsite Excavate material from the fonner sulfur pit and dispose of excavated materials offsite Neutralize soil in place if located in areas where sulfur is present but inaccessible Excavate contaminated surface soil and sediment (zero to two feet) where concentrations exceed soil cleanup goals Biologically treat contaminated surface soil and sediment

bull Place treated soil back on site

Major components ofthe ground water remedy selected in the 1996 ROD include

bull Extract contaminated ground water bull Treat contaminated ground water to meet surface water discharge standards bull Discharge treated ground water to on-site ponds or to the Tampa Bypass Canal

under a National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System pemiit bull Place controls on Site to restrict the use of ground water beneath the Site through

the filing of deed notices in order to limit exposure to contaminated ground water until cleanup goals are met

The 1996 ROD selected cleanup goals for contaminants of concem (COCs) in both ground water and surface soil (Table 2) As Site data suggested that sediments with pesticide contamination attributable to the Site were primarily present in drainage ditches that were typically dry remediation of sediment in Site drainage features was to be managed using the surface soil cleanup goals protective of hunian health The 1996 ROD also selected a confingency remedy for Site soil and sediment If treatability studies demonstrated that the selected biological treatinent remedy could not achieve the performance standards listed in Table 2 low temperature themial desorption (LTTD) was to be used in lieu ofthe biological treatnient

Table 2 COCs and Cleanup Goals

bull bull - y y Contaminant of Concern

44-dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (44-DDT) Aldrin Alpha-benzene hexachloride (Alpha-BHC) Beta-benzene hexachloride (Beta-BHC) Gamma-benzene hexachloride (Gamma-BHC) Chlordane Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane (DDD) Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) Dieldrin Endosulfan 1 Endosulfan II Heptachlor Heptachlor epoxide Total xylenes Toxaphene

Ground Water 7 Cleanup Goal

(micrograms per liter ^gL)

03

005

005

01

02

NA NA NA NA 01

7

2 NA NA 20 NA

Surface Soil and Sediment Cleanup Goal

(milligrams per kilogram mgkg)

NA

018

047

NA

NA

23 126 89 89

019 NA NA 067 034 NA 276

NA not applicable

19

In January 2005 EPA issued an Explanation of Significant Differences (ESD) to modify part ofthe remedy described in the 1996 ROD The purpose ofthe ESD was to modify the xylene cleanup goal for ground water from 20 micrograms per liter (|JgL) per the Florida secondary maximum contaminant level (MCL) to 10000 (igL per the State and federal primary MCL Secondary MCLs are non-mandatory standards under the Superfund prograin and are not enforceable by EPA however they are a component of the State of Floridas drinking water statute State and federal primary MCLs are enforceable standards established to protect the public against consumption of drinking water that presents a risk to huinan health The ESD also called for continued monitoring ofthe effecfiveness ofthe xylene treatnient and for evaluation of further remedial actions should the presence of xylene a solvent mobilize residual soil pesticide contaminants into ground water

42 Remedy Implementation

Remedial design and remedial actions for soil sediment and ground water at the Site are being implemented by the Helena Chemical Company under a 1996 Unilateral Administrative Order An additional Consent Decree was filed in 2005 for EPA to recover past and future costs incurred and to require Helena Cheinical Conipany to pay EPA oversight costs at the Site and at a separate Site in South Carolina also owned by Helena Chemical Coinpany

Soil and Sediment Source Control

In 1999 additional grid-based sampling was conducted in the xylene source area (east of the East Warehouse building) to detemiine the boundaries for the soil removal excavation Bench-scale studies were performed by EPAs Ecosystems Research Division and EPAs Science and Ecosystems Support Division to investigate the effectiveness of incorporating zero-valent iron in soil to facilitate abiotic degradation of chlorinated pesticides These studies were implemented in 1999 but were tenninated early due to lack of measurable COC degradation Helena Chemical Company then explored the option of using the Xenorein bioremediation process which had been successfijlly implemented on the adjacent Stauffer Chemical Co (Tampa) Superfund site The extent of contamination prevented direct application ofthe Xenorem approach at the Site Helena Chemical Conipany learned however that an off-site disposal facility the Waste Management Inc hazardous waste treatment facility in Carlyss Louisiana (facility nuniber LAD0007772010P1) had been authorized to bioremediate wastes in July 1998 and could potentially accept the excavated Site materials for bioremediafion at the off-site facility EPA approved the change from on-site to off-site treatinent and disposal of contaminated soil and sediment in a letter dated Febmary 14 2000

The 1996 ROD had also stipulated LTTD as a contingency soil treatment should biological treatinent be ineffective EPA requested this contingency be explored in 1999 Helena Chemical Coinpany retained Focus Environmental Inc to perfonn the evaluation ofthe contingency treatinent The evaluation concluded that LTTD was not a practical remedy for the Site primarily due to concems related to elevated sulfijr concentrations in

20

soil which would require air pollution controls to remove acid gas generated by the treatnient as well as space limitations on the Site which would not pemiit an efficient layout and operafion ofthe treatment and material handling units

In 2000 Helena Chemical Conipany excavated 7700 tons of pesticide-contaminated soil fi-om the Site including the xylene source area and an additional 600 tons of pesticide-contaminated soil and sediment from the drainage ditch area along the CSX railway right-of-way just south ofthe Site Soil was transported to the Waste Manageinent Inc facility in Carlyss Louisiana for bioremediation andoff-site disposal Surface soils were excavated to a depth of two feet According to the 1996 ROD the water table in the area fluctuates between two and four feet bgs Therefore the excavation of surface soils to two feet bgs would address soil contaminafion above the water table but not contaniination existing below the water table The excavation areas were lined with an --indicator fabric prior to backfilling the areas with clean inaterials and seeded with grass where appropriate

Delineation activifies to detemiine the extent of sulfur contaniination in the fonner sulfur pit area were perfonned from 2001 through 2003 and remedial work was perfomied in two separate phases A metal building covering much ofthe area where sulfijr remedial work was to be perfonned was dismanfled and transported offsite for recycling During phase 1 remedial work performed in 2004 soil and concrete were excavated from the elevated loading dock area and the west side ofthe tank fann for off-site treatinent and disposal During phase II remedial work perfonned in 2005 soil and concrete were excavated from the northem tank fann and fonner warehouse boundaries Approximately 3000 tons of soil and crystallized (fomierly molten) sulfur were removed during the 2004 and 2005 removal activities and also shipped to the Waste Management Inc facility in Carlyss Louisiana for off-site disposal

The 2005 ESD changed the xylene ground water cleanup goal from 20 |JgL to 10000 ^gL Since the presence of xylene in ground water could mobilize residual pesticide contamination in soil into ground water the ESD included post-treatment monitoring of the xylene area This monitoring includes all COCs established in the 1996 ROD and a specific assessment of whether the remaining xylene concentrations are sufficiently low to ensure that cosolvency is not facilitating the transport of residual pesticides that might be lingering in the soil If cosolvency is found to be mobilizing residual pesticide contaminants fi-om soil to ground water this assessment will be used to detennine whether further active treatment of xylene to below the federal and state primary standard is necessary

Ground Water

The ground water remedy described in the 1996 ROD has not yet been implemented at the Site due to discovery of contaminafion and investigations at the adjacent Alaric Site and concems that the selected remedy would potentially cause further contaminafion of the aquifer systems Altemative ground water treatments are currently being investigated in the pilot-scale treatability study underway at the Site Supplemental data collection and

21

ground water plume delineafion studies began in 1998 Ground water sampling perfonned in existing surficial aquifer and intemiediate aquifer system monitoring wells in Febmary 1998 resulted in the installation of additional surficial aquifer wells south of the Site to further delineate the nature and extent of contaniination The results ofthis study also detemiined the need for further investigation of ground water contamination in the xylene area (location of 1977 release immediately east ofthe East Warehouse on the Site Figure 3) in the sulfijr area (locafion ofthe fonner sulfiir pit in central courtyard on the Site Figure 3) and in the intemiediate aquifer system

Field activities to address the recommendations ofthe Febmary 1998 investigation were implemented in April 2001 Eight additional monitoring wells (MW-24 through MW-31 Figure 2) were installed south and east ofthe Site on City of Tampa rights-of-way to monitor the extent of contamination in the surficial aquifer Contamination was also identified in shallow areas ofthe intermediate aquifer system Ground water sampling and supplemental field activities were perfonned from October 2002 through January 2003 These activities included intennediate aquifer invesfigations xylene source area invesfigations downgradient surficial aquifer monitoring well installation and sulfur area invesfigations Additional intermediate aquifer system monitoring wells (MW-32 and MW-33 Figure 2) were installed along Orient Road during a November 2002 comprehensive ground water sampling event The new wells were installed to provide intemiediate monitoring points for xylene pesficide and herbicide contamination

While the 2002 and 2003 field acfivities were being perfonned significant chlorinated solvent contamination from the adjacent Alaric Site was discovered in both the surficial aquifer and intennediate aquifer systems this contamination was commingling with the westem portion ofthe Sites ground water plume The implementation ofthe ground water pump-and-treat remedy selected for the Site had the potential to exacerbate contaminant plume migration from the Alaric Site For this reason EPA detennined that implementation ofthe pump-and-treat remedy for the Site should be delayed until delineation and remediation ofthe surficial aquifer at the Alaric Site is completed

Additional comprehensive ground water sampling events were perfonned in May 2005 to provide a baseline for water quality following complefion ofthe sulfur area removal acfions and in December 2006 to detennine current condifions across the monitoring well network Selected wells were also sampled in March August and November 2007 and January 2008 to gauge the overall effectiveness ofthe sulfur area removal in addressing source contaminafion ofthe surficial aquifer Given the probability that the selected pump-and-treat remedy for ground water at the Site would be incompatible with ground water treatnient activities being designed at the adjacent Alaric Site several altemafive management approaches to address ground water contamination in the sulfur area and associated plume were explored

In June 2009 Helena Chemical Conipany presented EPA with a Pilot Test and Interim Monitoring Work Plan to address ground water contamination without implementing the pump-and-treat remedy EPA approved the Work Plan in August 2009 and implementation began in August 2009 The pilot study is expected to last for one year

22

with an additional one-year contingency period The work plan addresses four critical areas of source control and monitoring the sulfur area the xylene area supplemental monitoring efforts and interim ground water monitoring activities while pilot testing is underway

Sulfijr Area Pilot Study

The pilot study objecfive in the sulfijr area is to detennine whether buffering pH and introducing zero-valent iron will allow natural degradation of benzene hexachloride (BHC) and sulfates in the source area through biological or physical mechanisms Low pH elevated sulfate and residual sulfiir in the sulfur area are thought to be inhibiting natural biological degradation processes and minimizing the physical attenuafion of contaminants within the aquifer-matrix which would typically occur through adsorpfion-and aqueous chemical reactions such as hydrolysis Given the residual sulfur in the soil which continues to act as a long-term source for sulfuric acid sulfate control was required in addition to pH controls Zero-valent iron was selected as the primary pilot study treatment technology for the sulfur area because it has been used effectively to facilitate abiofic degradation of BHCs is effecfive at moderating pH and acts as an oxygen scavenger limiting any future oxidafion of residual sulfur in the soil Additional neutralization with lime andor hydroxides and biological sulfate reduction may also be utilized to control pH levels if necessary

Two sulfur study areas known as the East Plot and the West Plot have been implemented in the central courtyard ofthe Site on either side ofthe fomier sulfur pit location (Figure 3) Each plot consists of eight injection wells Cheinical injections were administered in the third quarter of 2009 and sampling is being conducted at 60-day interals for the 360 days following the injections

Xylene Area Pilot Study

The xylene pilot test was designed to gauge the effectiveness of anaerobic biodegradatlon in degrading xylene and residual BHCs Total xylene concentrafions have declined since the 2000 soil removal action in the former xylene tank area but have remained above cleanup goals Site conditions such as low pH lack of nutrients and lack of electron accepting substrates (eg nitrate iron and sulfate) were thought to be limiting xylene and BHC degradadon The pilot test also sought to increase degradation rates without introducing treatments that would complicate efforts in the adjacent sulfijr pilot study bull area so the xylene treatinent was designed in consideration ofthe existing anaerobic Site conditions

One xylene pilot study area was implemented in the fonner xylene tank area (Figure 3) The plot includes six injection wells and 12 monitoring wells The first round of nutrient and electron acceptor substrate injections was perfonned in the third quarter of 2009 and the second round of injections was perfomied in the fourth quarter of 2009 As with the sulfijr pilot study area sampling is being conducted at 60-day intervals for the 360 days following the first round of injections

23

Monitoring Acfivities

Supplemental monitoring efforts in the work plan include installation of monitoring wells on the Fesfive Floats property located directly south ofthe Site on the opposite side of the CSX railway tracks and addifional investigation to detemiine the northem extent of low pH and elevated sulfate and BHC concentrations Until a revised ground water remedy is selected for the Site interini ground water monitoring activities in both the surficial and intermediate aquifer systems will include sampling every nine months to assess seasonal variability in concentrations and monitor for any changes in COC concentrations

24

Figure 3 Map of Pilot Study Area

r

SWTBD

swTZD s w n u

StfT-HD A I ^ raquoswr3u SWTU

swrsu

West Warehouse

SETTO SET1U

SET3U SETD A y A J

I SETSD

sensD raquo SETsu

5ET7U

X40

XI6D

^^xth 7 -^ ^IZD-- ^

_ X S U X8D B^=^X12tJ bull bull X l fU

X8U xi f lD

Legend

bull Surflclat Adulter Sulfur Arlaquoa P M Test Wall

Surlicii i AquHler Xylene Area Ptky Test Ir^ctnsn MHI

bull Suifidal Aquilei Xylene Area Pikx Tesl Monilming Well

I Sile Bounoaiv J Fee 90 too

L 7WL o NORTH

Figure 3 Site Map

Pilot Study Areas

Helena Chemical Company Superfund Site Tampa Hillsborough County Flonda

Disclaimer This map and any boundary lines within the map are approximate and subject to change The map is not a survey The map is for informational purposes only regarding EPAs response actions at the Site and is not intended for any other purpose

25

43 Operation and Maintenance (OampM)

The 1996 ROD anticipated that the ground water pump-and-treat system would be operated at the Site for a 30-year period and estimated that OampM ofthe system would cost $1289000 over the course ofthe 30 years The ground water remedy selected in the 1996 ROD has not yet been implemented due to developments at the adjacent Alaric Site and ongoing pilot testing at the Site As remedial activities continue with pilot testing there are no OampM acfivities undei-way at the Site and the activities to be addressed in a site OampM plan will depend on the future revised remedy for ground water for the Site

26

50 Progress Since the Last Five-Year Review

The protectiveness statement from the 2006 FYR for the Site stated the following

77^ remedy implemenled at the [Helena Chemical Company Tampa Site currently protects human health and the environment because source area actions implemented for pesticide-contaminated soil and the sulfur pit source area have been completed during this review period Additional evaluations of low pH conditions will be performed to assess the need for supplemental neutralization in conjunction with future groundwater actions No remedial actions for groundwater have been implemented at this time Site data evaluations and remedy evaluations will ensure the remedy will be protective In the interim exposure pathways that could result in unacceptable risks are incomplete Conditions-at the site are not expected to change in the near future given the area s land use (commercialindustrial) However in order for the remedy to be protective in the long term the following actions need to be taken a full evaluation ofthe need for deed reslriclions and if necessary they will be imposed

The 2006 FYR included three issues and recommendafions Table 3 summarizes each recommendation and its current status

Table 3 Progress on Recommendations from the 2006 FYR

Section

51

Recommendations

EPA FDEP and Helena Chemical Company will discuss ground water remedy issues including the need for fijrther assessment of natural attenuation processes Dialogue will generate a priority list for evaluation identify evaluation teclmiques and establish an evaluation timetable Ground water remedy discussions will be initiated by the second quarter of 2006

Parties Responsible

EPA FDEP Helena

Chemical Company

Milestone Date

4302006

Action Taken and Ontcome

Discussions between EPA FDEP and Helena Chemical Company have resulted in the development of a pilot testing work plan to explore treatment options for enliancing biological and physical degradation processes This pilot study was initiated in August 2009

Date of Action

08312009

27

Section

52

53

Recommendations

EPA FDEP and Helena Chemical Company will evaluate ylene source area issues Discussions will include prioritization of any additional RD activities evaluation of remedial cleanup goals etc Xylene remedy discussions will be initiated by the first quarter of 2006

Helena Chemical Company will evaluate the requirements for implementing deed restrictions on the property and whether any remedy-specific requirements must be incorporated into the institutional control A fiill evaluation ofthe need for deed restrictions will be made and if necessary they will be imposed This evaluation will be completed by the fourth quarter of 2006

Parties Responsible

EPA FDEP Helena

Chemical Company

Helena Chemical Company

Milestone Date

4302006

12312006

Action Taken and Outcome-

Pilot test program discussions between EPA FDEP and Helena Chemical Company have resulted in the development of a work plan to explore effectiveness of anaerobic degradation of xylene and BHCs This pilot study was initiated in August 2009

EPA and FDEP are is discussions regarding the restrictive covenant for the Sites soil in order to prevent exposure Land use zoning is consistent vvith soil cleanup criteria and land use is not anticipated to change in the foreseeable future Ground water institutional controls are enforced through an EPA Memorandum of Agreement with the Southwest Florida Water Management District

Date of Action

08312009

Pending

51 Ground Water Remedy Discussions

The ground water pump-and-treat remedy selected in the 1996 ROD has not been implemented due to potential complications arising from commingling ofthe Sites ground water contaminants with those from the adjacent Alaric Site A Pilot Study and Interini Monitoring Work Plan was approved by EPA and implementation began in August 2009 The Work Plan describes the investigafion of chemical injecfions to enhance and facilitate natural physical and biological degradation rates for contaminants in the sulfiir area and in the xylene area The study is designed to assess the following questions

bull Is degradation occurring under pilot conditions

bull Can aquifer geochemistry be adjusted to facilitate remediafion

bull What is the longevity of amendments being injected

28

bull What zone of discharge is developed following injection and what is the expected duration ofthe zone of discharge

The study was scheduled to continue for 12 months with a contingency period of another 12 months if necessary At the conclusion ofthe study these questions will be addressed to detennine next steps in selecting an appropriate ground water remedy for the Site A final report documenting the effecfiveness ofthe first full year ofthe treatability study was not available at the fime this FYR report was drafted therefore a decision regarding whether to implement the additional 12 month contingency period had also not been made

52 Xylene Source Area Discussions

As noted in Section 51 EPA approved the Pilot Study and Interini Monitoring Work Plan in 2009 Per the Work Plan two rounds of nutrient and electron acceptor substrate were injected in the xylene area in late 2009 The injections are expected to enhance natural degradafion rates of xylene and BHCs sampling is being conducted every 60 days The study was scheduled to continue for 12 months with a contingency period of another 12 months if necessary A final report documenting the effectiveness ofthe first full year ofthe treatability study was not available at the time this FYR report was drafted therefore a decision regarding whether to implement the additional 12 month contingency period had also not been made

53 Institutional Controls Evaluation

At the request of FDEP the appropriate land use restrictions for the Site has not been yet been implemented While the ground water remedy is being assessed some interim institutional controls to protect against exposure to ground water contamination have been implemented The Site is presently surrounded by a secured perimeter fence that only pennits access to the property by authorized persons during regular business hours Helena Chemical Company intends to continue Site operations for the foreseeable future and does not intend to sell or lease the property so there is minimal potential for a party to unknowingly become exposed to Site soil or sediment contaniination or to impact the protectiveness ofthe remedial actions already in place The operating facility parcel is zoned light industrial the three Helena Woods parcels are zoned as either vacant land or as a mobile home park The local Planning Commission anticipates all four parcels will be zoned for heavy industrial use in the future which remains consistent with the industrial criteria used in selection of cleanup goals for the Site

EPA has also taken steps to limit the potential for exposure to contaminated Site ground water while ground water treatment pilot testing activities are completed In September 2008 EPA Region 4 and the Southwest Florida Water Management District (SWFWMD) entered into a Memorandum of Agreement regarding Site ground water Per the agreement EPA provides SWFWMD with infonnation regarding the area of ground water impacted or potentially impacted by the Site and SWFWMD acts as the regulatory authority to implement and enforce ground water use restrictions at and near

29

the Site The ground water area impacted by the Site is designated as Zone A marking the contamination zone and Zone B marking a buffer area surrounding Zone A The agreement stipulates that EPA must conduct a well survey of Zones A and B at least once every five years to identify any new wells constructed or operafing since the previous survey EPA remedial project manager (RPM) Galo Jackson conducted the first well survey concurrenfiy with the FYR Site inspection and identified two wells (Figure 2) One well was located along East 9 Avenue on the EQ Florida property in Zone A The second well was located along East 7 Avenue on the RampL Metals property in Zone B SWFWMD was notified of these wells in September 2010 The well in Zone A is currenUypemiitted for industrial use by EQ Florida and the well in Zone B has been plugged and abandoned on the RampL Metals property

SWFWMD has the authority to impose reasonable condifions necessary to protect the applicable water source and to prevent the spread of ground or surface water contaminafion For well construcfion pennits such conditions include prohibiting use of the well as a potable water supply requiring notice to well owners of potential ground water contamination or requiring specific methods ofconstruction Under Florida Administrafive Code (FAC) Rule 40D-3505(3) SWFWMD will deny an application for a well construction pemiit for activity in Zone A if use ofthe well would increase the potential for hanii to public health safety and welfareor if the proposed well would degrade the water quality ofthe aquifer by causing pollutants to spread

30

60 Five-Year Review Process

61 Administrative Components

EPA Region 4 initiated the FYR in May 2010 and scheduled its completion for January 2011 The EPA site review team was led by EPA RPM Galo Jackson and also included EPA site attomey Kevin Beswick EPA Community Involvement Coordinator (CIC) LTonya Spencer and contractor support provided to EPA by Christy Fielden and Sabrina Foster of E Inc In May 2010 EPA held a scoping call with the review team to discuss the Site and itenis of interest as they related to the protectiveness ofthe remedy cunently in place A review schedule was established that consisted ofthe following activities

Community notification Document review Data collection and review Site inspection Local interviews FYR Report development and review

62 Community Involvement

In January 2011 a public notice was published in the Tampa Tribune announcing the commencement ofthe FYR process for the Site providing contact information for RPM Galo Jackson and CIC LTonya Spencer and invifing community participation was published The press notice is available in Appendix B The FYR report will be made available to the public once it has been finalized Copies ofthis docunient will be placed in the designated site repository University of South Florida Library located at 4202 East Fowler Avenue Tampa Florida 33620 Upon completion ofthe FYR a public notice will be placed in the Tampa Tribune to announce the availability ofthe final FYR report in the Sites document repository

63 Document Review

This FYR included a review of relevant site-related documents including the ROD remedial action reports and recent monitoring data A complete list ofthe documents reviewed can be found in Appendix A

ARARs Review

Section 121(d)(2)(A) of CERCLA specifies that Superfund remedial actions must meet any federal standards requirements criteria or limitations that are detennined to be applicable or relevant and appropriate requirements (ARARs) ARARs are those standards criteria or limitations promulgated under federal or state law that specifically address a hazardous substance pollutant contaminant remedial action locafion or other circumstance at a CERCLA site To-Be-Considered criteria (TBCs) are non-promulgated

31

advisories and guidance that are not legally binding but should be considered in detennining the necessary level of cleanup for protection of human health or the environment While TBCs do not have the status of ARARs EPAs approach to detemiining ifan RA is protective of hunian health and the environment involves consideration of TBCs along with ARARs

Chemical-specific ARARs are specific numerical concentration restrictions on individually listed contaminants in specific media Examples of chemical-specific ARARs include the MCLs specified under the Safe Drinking Water Act as well as the ambient water quality criteria enumerated under the Clean Water Act Because there are usually numerous contaminants of potential concem for any Site various numerical quanfity requirements can be ARARs The final remedy selected for this Site was designed to meet or exceed all chemical-specific ARARs and meet location- and action-specific ARARs

Ground Water

According to the 1996 ROD cleanup goals for the nine ground water COCs were selected to ensure that remaining ground water concentrations would not exceed the 1 x 10~ risk level for carcinogens a Hazard Quotient (HQ) of 1 for non-carcinogens under an industrial land use scenario The cleanup goals for 44-DDT endosulfan 1 and endosulfan II were selected based on health-based criteria The site-specific health-based cleanup goal for 44-DDT was less stringent than Floridas ground water guidance and the ROD notes that the cleanup goal may need to be revisited in the future to obtain FDEPs agreement with deletion ofthe Site from the NPL upon completion of cleanup activities

Cleanup goals for aldrin alpha-BHC beta-BHC and dieldrin were based on the Florida Groundwater Guidance Concentration which is a TBC for the Site The cleanup goal for total xylene listed in the 1996 ROD was selected based on the State secondary MCL but was later modified in the 2005 ESD to be consistent with federal and State primary MCLs The cleanup goal for gamma-BHC was selected based on federal and State MCLs

The ARARs for aldrin alpha-BHC beta-BHC and dieldrin were compared to the current Florida Groundwater and Surface Water Contaminant Cleanup Target Levels (62 FAC 777) which is the cuirent State guidance on acceptable ground water contaminant concentrations (Table 4) The ARARs for all four of these COCs have become more stringent since the signing ofthe 1996 ROD The cleanup goals for gamma-BHC and total xylene were compared with National Primary Drinking Water regulations (40 CFR 141-143) and FDEP Drinking Water Standards Monitoring and Reporting Requirements (62 FAC 550310) The cleanup goals for gamma-BHC and total xylene remain the same as in the 1996 ROD and 2005 ESD respectively This review did not find that the assumptions used in calculation ofthe site-specific health-based cleanup goals for 44-DDT endosulfan I and endosulfan II had changed

32

Table 4 Previous and 2010 ARARs for Ground Water COCs

Contaminant of Concern bull bull bull bull ^ - gt J j J bull

44-DDT Aldrin Alpha-BHC Beta-BHC Gamma-BHC Dieldrin Endosulfan I Endosulfan II Total xvlenes

1996 ROD ARAROigL)

03 005 005 01 02 01 2 2

20

2005 ESD ARAR (ugL) r

mdash -mdash mdash mdash mdash mdash mdash

10000

2010 ARAR (UgL)

03 0002 0006 002 02-

0002= 2 7

10000

ARAR Change y - y bull

None More Stringent More Stringent More Stringent

None More Stringent

None None None

a Site-specific health-based standaid selecled to ensure tlial remaining ground waler concenirations would nol exceed lhe 1 x 10 risk level for carcinogens an HQ of 1 Ior non-carcinogens or the inslRimenl quantitation limit under an industrial land use scenaiio

b Cleanup goal selecled based on Florida Groundwater Guidance Concenlralion which is a TBC for ihc Sile c Cleanup goal selecled based on federal and Florida MCLs d Cleanup goal selected based on Florida secondary MCLs e Florida Groundwater and Surface Waler Cleanup Target Levels are available al

lmpAvwwdepslatenuswasicqiiick ionicsrulcsdocunieiils62-777TablelGroundwalciCTLs4-l 7-05ndllaccessed 8122010) A comparison of Floridas 1999 and 2005 Groundwater and Surface Waler Cleanup Target Levels is available al hllpu-vvvvdenslatenuswaslequick lopicsnublicalionswcbrownlicldsConipTabiesGroundwalerandSurli ccVValerCieaniipTartJelL evelspdf

f Cunent MCLs are based on federal (40 CFR 141-1431 and slate (62 FAC 550310) drinking waler slandards Federal standards are based on Nalional Primary and Secondaiy Drinking Waler Maximum Contaminant Levels (IU(p7valcrcpacovdrinkconlaininanlsindexcrniSLisi accessed S122010) and slale standards are based on Florida Slale Drinking Waler Synthetic Organic Conlajuinanls and their Slandards (hU|iwwwdcpslalciluswalerdrinkinswalersvn conlum accessed S122010)

g Gamma-BHC is lisied as lindane in federal and state MCLs

64 Data Review

Confinnatory sampling for the 2000 pesticide area removal action and for the 2004 and 2005 sulfijr area removal actions was perfonned immediately following the removals Surface soil and sediment with COC concentrations above industrial use cleanup goals had been effectively removed and no further sampling or OampM activities are required for surface soil and sediment

Ground water pilot test activities cunently underway include baseline sampling and four subsequent sampling events for the sulfur area (Table 5) and the xylene area (Table 6) The treatability study sampling events have been implemented as follows

Baseline sampling in August 2009 60-Day Event sampling in November 2009 120-Day Event sampling in January 2010 180-Day Event sampling in March 2010 and 240-Day Event sampling in May 2010

The pilot test is invesfigating methods for the biological and physical degradation of Site contaminants Follow-up sampling analyzes various aqueous geochemical parameters in addition to contaminant concentrations Per the EPA-approved work plan routine sampling analyses include four of the nine ground water COCs alpha-BHC beta-BHC

33

gamma-BHC and total xylenes in addition to various other contaminants and break-down products

In both the sulfur area and the xylene area ground water concentrations of alpha-BHC beta-BHC and gamma-BHC have predominantly remained consistent with baseline sampling levels and largely remain elevated above cleanup goals for the Site In the sulfur area total xylene concentrations in ground water when detected are well below the cleanup goal of 10000 igL The xylene release at the Site occurred downgradient from the fomier sulfur pit and these low concentrations of xylene are consistent with expectations for this area In the xylene area total xylene concentrations are responding to the treatment showing declines below the cleanup goal in several wells (eg X3U X5U X9U and XI IU) but showing increasing concentrations in other wells (eg X6D X7U and X8D) Only data fromthe first nine months ofthe treatability study were mdash available at the time this FYR report was being drafted detennination ofthe effectiveness of these treatments must wait until the study has been completed

Ofthe site-related VOCs present in the ground water plume only xylene and possibly ethylbenzene are present in the surficial aquifer and poses a potential vapor intrusion concem Remedial contractor EnSafe Inc included an updated total xylene plume map as Figure 5-5 in the 2009 Pilot Test and Interim Monitoring Work Plan This figure shows that concentrations at or above the xylene ground vater cleanup goal are located on the Helena Chemical Conipany property along the CSX Railroad right-of-way or under the railroad tracks The few buildings within this plume area are open-sided warehouse structures on the Helena Chemical Company property and thus a vapor intmsion assessment has not been necessary

Table 5 Sulfur Area Pilot Test COC Detections in Ground Water to Date

Well Sampled

Sampling Event

(Cleanup Goal)

COCs and Detected Concentrations (pgL)

Alpha-BHC

(005 pgL)

Beta-BHC -yy (01 pgL)

Gamma-BHC

(02 pgL)

Total Xylenes

(10000 pgL)

Ecw Plot Wells

SETIU

SET2D

SET3U

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

23 D

31

17

19

24

44 D

39

26

26

38

22

19

33 J

36 1

4

25

29

12 D

045

056

059

086

3

41

43 J

68

42

57

52

11 D

066

044

047

07

55

39 1

191

NA

0461

NA

31

U

NA

033 I

NA

082

58

NA

34

J y -Well

Sampled

SET4D

SET5U

SET6D

SET7U

SET8D

Sampling Event

(Cleanup Goal)

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

1 so-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

y y j COCs and Detected Concentrations (pgL)

Alpha-BHC

(005 pgL)

17

17

28

41 D

62

37

3

37

21 D

bull 17

13

26

34

97 D

46

44

28

63

12

14

11

11

14

47

36

32

39

47

Beta-BHC

(OI pgL)

33

21

3

061 J

15

094

0461

- 068

36

41

47

4

61

12

12

095

078 1

075

13

16 1

13

15

15

087

073

064

08 1

076

Gamma-BHC

(02 pgL)

44

341

57

074 J

087

12

046 1

- - 052

39

37 1

31

51

48

11

082 1

05

04 1

043

32

27

28

23

28

1

14

11

1 I

095

Total Xylenes

(10000 pgL)

86

NA

7

171

NA

11 1

NA

036

64

NA

3

NA

39

25

NA

76

NA

56

21

NA

35

NA

15

U

NA

33

NA

17

laquocv Plot Wells

SWTIU

SWT2D

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

1 so-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

19 IJ

099

14

13

22

048 J

U

U

0031

063 J

053

052

06

075

023 J

U

U

014

U

032

038

03

059

U

U

U

000941

U

NA

U

NA

U

0441

NA

07 1

NA

35

Well Sampled

SWT3U

SWT4D

SWT5U

SWT6D

SWT7U

SWT8D

-bull i

Sampling Event

(Cleanup Goal)

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

COCs and Detected Concentrations (pgL)

Alpha-BHC

(005 pgL)

U

075 J

18

13

14

22

073

018 --

U

U

U

51

U

16

41

18

037 J

073

056

057

061

039

029

045

059

073

028

02

015

016

011

Beta-BHC

(01 pgL)

U

021

079

035

033

047

036

- 0094

U

U

U

26

23

093

022 1

036

029 1

033

022

U

026

03

039

047

057

051

U

013

011

U

0056

Gamtiia-BHC

(02 pgL)

U

u 029

0084

019

022

U

012

011

012

U

24

24

08

052

U

U

0031 I

U

U

U

U

U

u u u u

00171

002 I J

U

U

Total Xylenes

(10000 pgL)

U n

NA

U

NA

069

U

NA

U

NA

U

72

NA

73

NA

60

36

NA

U

NA

U

U

NA

U

NA

U

92

NA

U

NA

U

D value reported from second diluiion 1 eslimaled valuebelow reporting limil J eslimaled value NA nol analyzed U undetected fitilic- COC was detected bul concentration was below cleanup goal

36

Table 6 Xylene Area Pilot Test COC Detections in Ground Water to Date

yy-

J j Well Sampled

XIU

X2D

X3U

X4D

X5U

X6D

X7U

Sampling Event

(Cleanup Goal)

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

_Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

COCs and Detected Concentrations (pgL)

Alpha-BHC

(005 pgL)

8 D

NA

NA

56

NA

71

NA

NA

58 J

NA

15D

NA

NA

15

NA

12D

NA

NA

23

NA

78 D

NA

NA

44 J

NA

52 D

NA

NA

28 J

NA

61 D

NA

NA

46

NA

Beta-BHC

(01 pgL)

19 D

NA

NA

13 J

NA

17

NA

NA

17J

NA

3 J

NA

NA

36

NA

13J

NA

NA

13 1

NA

093 ID

NA

NA

08 J

NA

091 ID

NA

NA

07 J

NA

12D

NA

NA

089

NA

Gamma-BHC

(02 pgL)

U

NA

NA

U

NA

071 I

NA

NA

14 J

NA

046 J

NA

NA

bull056

NA

42 J

NA

NA

82

NA

U

NA

NA

O I J

NA

38 D

NA

NA

2 J

NA

U

NA

NA

U

NA

Total Xylene

(10000 pgL)

200

13

11

23

29

180

56

54

150

42

23000

11000

13000

1400

4500

19000

12000

19000

22000

15000

18000

21000

20000

3200

13000

3000

1100

6000

40000

3000

24000

31000

37000

81000

34000

37

Well Sampled

X8D

X9U

bull XIOD

X l l U

X12D

Sampling Event

(Cleanup Goal)

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

COCs and Detected Concentrations (pgL)

Alpha-BHC

(005 pgL)

57

NA

NA

21 J

NA

39

NA

NA

53

NA

43

NA

NA

59

NA

81

NA

NA

49

NA

39

NA

NA

56

NA

Beta-BHC

(01 pgL)

14

NA

NA

018 U

NA

021 I

NA

NA

026 J

NA

049

NA

NA

061 I

NA

097

NA

NA

075 1

NA

064 1

NA

NA

093 ID

NA

Gamma-BHC

(02 pgL)

12

NA

NA

057 U

NA

025 1

NA

NA

017 J

NA

45

NA

NA

7

NA

U

NA

NA

U

NA

16

NA

NA

34

NA

Total Xylene

(10000 pgL)

960

7100

27000

19000

5700

22000

14000

35000

2700

950

770

260

780

760

540

14000

3800

1600

600

11000

4900

250

I I00

5800

9300 D value reponed from second dilution 1 eslimaled value below reponing limit J estimated value NA nol analyzed U not applicable Ilalics COC was delecled bul concenlralion was below cleanup goal

38

65 Site Inspection

On July 8 2010 the site inspection was perfomied by the following participants Galo Jackson of EPA Region 4 Edward Brister ofthe Helena Chemical Coinpany and Christy Fielden and Sabrina Foster of E~ Inc The completed Site inspection checklist is available in Appendix D Photographs were taken of site features including monitoring wells and access controls (Appendix E)

The Site has been in continuous operation since 1929 as an agricultural chemical manufacturing and distributing facility The bulk of chemical fonnulation activifies have been moved off-site to a different Helena Cheinical Coinpany facility in Georgia however some formulation and packaging of insecticidal spray oil and liquid fertilizers still occur at the Site The Site also serves as Helena Chemical Companys main-distribution warehouse for sales locations in the State of Florida

The Site inspection was led by Mr Ed Brister the Engineering Safety Health and Environment Director for the Helena Chemical Company who provided a tour ofthe full Helena Chemical Coinpany property indicating where remedial actions had been implemented and explaining the locations and associated activifies of current pilot testing for the ground water treatability study Several monitoring and injection wells were located during the Site inspection all active site wells were properly secured or had been appropriately abandoned Injection and monitoring wells for the adjacent Alaric Site were noted on the Helena Woods area ofthe Site but were not inspected since they are related to a different site The Site is well maintained and has a secure perimeter fence and clear signage in place Unauthorized persons are restricted from accessing the property outside of regular business hours

Evaluation and implementafion of institutional controls were discussed during the Site inspection Several interim institutional controls have been implemented for the Site and final institutional controls including land use restrictions will be evaluated and implemented if necessary once the current pilot-scale ground water remedy treatability study has concluded and a revised ground water remedy has been selected Zoning designations and the Helena Chemical Companys intention to continue operations at the Site for the foreseeable future liniit the potential for inappropriate land uses or on-site operations incompatible with remedy components in place EPA has also implemented ground water institutional controls through a Memorandum of Agreement with SWFWMD

On July 7 2010 E Inc staff conducted research regarding Site deed infonnation at the Hillsborough County Deed Records Office The approximately eight-acre Site is situated on four parcels of land 1) 65-acre Parcel A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000220 2) 088-acre Parcel A-14-29-I9-4CA-000000-000320 3) 092-acre Parcel A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000330 and 4) 017-acre Parcel A-14-29-19-4CE-000003-000010 (Figure 4) Deed records for the four parcels could not be located in the online database or microfilm collection at the deeds office Galo Jackson EPA RPM for the Site was infonned that the deeds could not be located and conducted a title search for the property through EPA

39

databases but was also unable to locate deed records According to the Hillsborough County Property Appraisers Office all four parcels are presently owned by Helena Chemical Company The active cheinical distribufion warehouse is located on Parcel A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000220

On July 8 2010 E Inc staff visited the designated local Site repository at the University of South Florida Library located at 4202 East Fowler Avenue Tampa Florida 33620 as part ofthe site inspection The site repository contained fourteen volumes of administrative documents and other infonnation pertaining to the Site This infomiation included documentation ofthe initial remedial investigation and feasibility study as well as a copy ofthe 1996 ROD The 2005 ESD and 2006 FYR could not be located at the time ofthe Site inspection but were provided to the library by RPM Galo Jackson on January 212011

The 1996 ROD called for institutional controls to be put in place as part of both the soil and sediment remedy and the ground water remedy (Table 7) According to the ROD soil and sediment institutional controls were to include deed restrictions Fencing was to provide an engineering control The Site is presently surrounded by a secured perimeter fence and access gates are locked outside of nonnal business hours The operating facility parcel is currently zoned as light industrial and the Helena Woods parcels are zoned as vacant land and a mobile home park The local Planning Commission anficipates rezoning all four parcels for heavy industrial use The fiature anficipated land use is consistent with the industrial exposure criteria used in the selection of Site cleanup goals The ROD also called for deed restrictions to restrict the use of site-impacted ground water on and off the Site in order to limit exposure to contaminated ground water until cleanup goals are achieved EPA and FDEP are in discussions regarding the restrictive covenant in order to prevent fijture exposure to Site soil A 2008 Memorandum of Agreement between EPA Region 4 and SWFWMD addresses the need to restrict the use of site-related ground water The agreement establishes regular communication between the two agencies and affinns SWFWMDs regulatory authority to implement and enforce ground water use restrictions at the Site This authority addresses well constmction pemiits restrictions on use of wells for potable water supply and requirements that well owners be notified of ground water contaniination that may impact their wells At the request ofthe FDEP once the treatability study is completed and a revised ground water remedy for the Site has been selected the need for additional ground water institutional controls will be reevaluated and the existing institutional controls will be modified or new institufional controls will be implemented as appropriate

40

Figure 4 Site Parcel Map

c

ir Pirtplm ( ^ r | [ i Vjrtrl ID ^r-iti-v-lt 14UtKu^iraquoiii 0

A u raquo114CA O cac i ao aociit o

1 U raquo 19 4CilltXXgt0la 000130

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laquo Ll 29 raquo 2ZZ D a m B 7K1D9

laquobull I t-J ]9-4claquoltnnraquoiKnraquo o

A-i4-raquo-]laquoltif (KU)ittMraquoaii] u A 14 J 9 14 laquoCA IXHIraquoDC(Xrli t

A 14 29 1raquo 4CA OOOOOOOMUO

raquo 1 4 29-19-4CE OOOOOI-OWWO A- l J9- )bullbulllaquo s wnmn-flooiM t A 14-29- UI4ig4IOOM94UOraquolgt

A 14 2laquo 19 4C9 OODOOl 400070

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A-tlaquo ZHIUCA-IKOOIXMKICOZ 0

AH-Jlaquoltllaquoiiraquo-TOKIC8-0lltIlU 0

A-]429iezzz-i)iiaxB-7Moao

A 14 29 194CAlaquoXI00Ca0ata0

A 1429^ i9-4CA-iicaaixi-ooa2a 2

A14 29-19 4CHIOOlaquogt7KIlaquoIraquo 0

A-14 JV tlaquo-laquoii -uxiot-nnDi i

A14 2laquo ilaquo-4CAiiooacii]-aaoigo A 14 23 LO 4CMI00Oraquo OOOOlO

A 14 29-isacE-oooora-aotrao

A-t4-ii-lraquo-laquo A-ooooawwoK o

A lA-2V^lraquot(A-Igt]ltKcll-IIIiaiI I

A 14-29 19-raquoCf oocoos acooi-o

A 14 29 19 ACI OOmOl-OCOOll

A-W-29-19-4CI-aXK)07-OOOOTjO

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A 14 29 19 4 a 000004 OOOOSjO

A 14 29-19-4CC-D0O00aOO0a3lCI

A t raquo 29-19-laquotA4laquoIO0OT-00CO9O

bull i4-2raquo^iltM( A-oniucu IXUltl 0

A 14 2raquo 19gt4CA4gt0O(ICa OOOISXI

A 14 raquo 1raquo4CA DOOOOO 00014 1

Legend

I Site Parcels

I ^ _ J site Boundary

AjiprowmatBBoundary o tSurfc ia l Aquiter Ground Whter Pfume |

Approximate Boundary of in tennedia te Aquieet Sys t em Ground w a t e r R u m e

A i Parcels

Helena Chemical Company Superfund Site Tampa Hillsborough County Florida

Disc la imer Th i s m a p and any b o u n d a r y l ines w i th in the m a p a re a p p r o x i m a t e a n d subject to c h a n g e T h e m a p is not a survey T h e m a p is for

informat ional pu rposes only r ega rd ing E P A s r e s p o n s e ac t ions at t h e Si te and is not in tended for any o the r purpose

41

Table 7 Institutional Control (IC) Summary Table

Media

Ground Water

Soil and Sediment

ICs Needed

Yes

Yes

ICs Called for in the Decision Documents

Yes

Yes

IC Objective

Restrict use of contaminated ground water to limit exposure until cleanup goals are achieved

Restrict land uses to industrial or similar

The 1996 ROD also listed fencing as an institutional control for soil and sed not been included above because it is considered an engineering control

Instrument in Place

The 1996 ROD called for deed notices as the institutional control instrument These have not been implemented However a 2008 Memorandum of Agreement between EPA and SWFWMD confirms SWFWMDs regulatory authority to restrict well constmction restrict well use as a potable water source and requiring that well owners benotified of ground water contamination that may impact their wells This authority applies to on-site parcels as well as off-site parcels covering the entire area affected by site-related ground water contamination

The land use restrictions called for in the 1996 ROD have not been implemented however Helena Chemical Company has maintained operations at the Site tliroughout remedial activities and intends to continue Site operations for the foreseeable future A restrictive covenant will be placed on the Site to ensure the Site is only used for industrial purposes The operating facility parcel is presently zoned for light industrial use and all four parcels will soon be rezoned for heavy industrial use which is consistent with the industrial exposure criteria used in selecting cleanup goals for the Site A secure perimeter fence restricts access to the Site limiting the potential for inadvertent soil exposure

ment source control however this has

42

66 Interviews

During the FYR process interviews were conducted with parties impacted by the Site including the current landowners and regulatory agencies involved in Site activities or aware ofthe Site The purpose ofthe interviews was to document the perceived status of the Site and any perceived problems or successes with the phases ofthe remedy that have been implemented to date Intei^views with Mr Jackson and Mr Brister were conducted during the site inspection on July 8 2010 Interviews with Ms Milicic and Ms Yeargan were conducted via e-mail on August 23 2010 and September 27 2010 respectively Several nearby businesses were also contacted but declined or did not have interest in being interviewed about the Site Interviews are summarized below and complete interviews are included in Appendix C

Galo Jackson Mr Jackson is the EPA RPM for the Site Mr Jackson indicates that a pilot-scale treatability study for site ground water is presently underway Results are being routinely shared with EPA and FDEP while there have been many challenges and it is still too early to detennine whether the treatments being explored can effecfively address ground water contamination he is hopeful that the treatments will be successful He has not received any complaints or inquiries from the community in the past five years and is not aware of any effects the Site may have had on the surrounding community He is pleased with the regular updates and infonnation he receives from the remedial contractor EnSafe Inc

Edward Brister Mr Brister is the Engineering Safety Health and Environinent Director for the Helena Chemical Conipany Mr Brister indicates that he is pleased with progress at the Site and believes that the remedial activities taken to date are perfomiing successfully He feels well infonned about activities and progress at the Site He does not know of any effects that the Site has had on the surrounding cominunity beyond the potential for Superfiind stigma which is common at many similar sites Mr Brister indicates that there is one residence in the area ofthe Site and that the owners a couple had expressed concems to him in the past He notes that the couple was temporarily relocated during removal activities in 2000 and again during sulfijr area removal actions in 2004 and 2005 Other than his discussions with the couple who were temporarily relocated he has not heard any complaints or concems from the cominunity regarding the Site

Karen Milicic Ms Milicic is the FDEP project manager for the Site Ms Milicic thinks that activities at the Site are making progress in addressing site COCs She is aware ofthe treatability study work that is presently underway and feels very well infonned regarding progress at the Site She believes that it is sfill too early to comment on the effectiveness ofthe current treatments being explored for ground water at the Site as the treatability study has not yet concluded She is not aware of any complaints or inquiries regarding the Site over the last five years

Mary Yeargan Ms Yeargan is the Environmental Protection Commission of Hillsborough County project manager for the Site Ms Yeargan has been involved at the

43

Site for many years and participated in the previous 2006 FYR site inspection She indicates that the Site is situated in an area that is impacted by multiple Superfijnd sites as well as other facilities that contribute to blight in the area She acknowledges that the Site may contribute to some more general community concems about the presence of Superfijnd sites in the area but she does not think that the Site specifically has been the source of concem within the larger area Since the 2006 FYR Ms Yeargan has received one complaint about potential ground water contaniination that a community member thought may have resulted from one ofthe area Superfund sites The well was tested by the Department of Public Health contamination was not detected in the sampling and the well was found to be safe for continued use She is not aware of any changes in laws or land use in the area that would impact the Site Given the shortage of lands available for heavy industrial uses she thinks it would be unlikely for the zoning ofthe parcels that compose the Site-to be changed to anything other than heavy industrial-She feels welf infomied about site activities and remains in regular communication as needed with EPA RPM Galo Jackson

44

70 Technical Assessment

71 Question A Is the remedy functioning as intended by the decision documents

The review of documents ARARs risk assumptions and the Site inspection indicate that the Sites soil remedy is functioning as intended by Site decision documents for soil and sediment Pesticide-contaminated surface soil and sediment at the Site and the adjacent CSX railway line east drainage ditch were excavated and shipped offsite for biological treatment and disposal Contaminated soil and residual sulfur were also excavated and shipped offsite for disposal Since there is commingling ofthe Sites ground water plumes with those ofthe adjacent Alaric Site the pump-and-treat ground water remedy selected in the 1996 ROD may not cunently be appropriate to implement at the Site until

- the Alaric Sites plumes have been remediated Helena Chemical Conipany proposed a pilot-scale treatability study to evaluate the feasibility of biological and physical ground water contaminant degradation The Work Plan for this treatability study was approved by EPA in August 2009 The study is currently underway and was scheduled to conclude by the fourth quarter of 2010 with a contingency period of another 12 months if necessary A final report documenting the effectiveness ofthe first fijll year ofthe treatability study was not available at the time this FYR report was drafted therefore a decision regarding whether to implement the additional 12 month contingency period had also not been made The final results ofthe treatability study will be used to infonn the selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site In the event that the treatability study is not successful EPA may consider additional avenues to approach remediation including additional excavation

The 1996 ROD selected the implementation of institutional controls in the form of deed restrictions for soil sediment and ground water to limit exposure to site-related contamination Fencing was also required by the 1996 ROD Land use restrictions have not been implemented for the Site however some interim institutional controls to protect against exposure to ground water contamination have been implemented Helena Chemical Company intends to confinue Site operations for the foreseeable future and has no intention to sell lease or transfer any portion ofthe Site Cunent and future zoning designations are consistent with the industrial land use criteria used in selection of Site COC cleanup goals In 2008 EPA entered into a Memorandum of Agreement with the SWFWMD The document confirms SWFWMDs regulatory authority to place restrictions on well placement and constmction Through shared infomiation between the two agencies SWFWMD can make infomied pennitting and enforcement decisions to prevent exposure to ground water contamination that could pose a risk to hunian health No impacted ground water wells are used for potable water buildings at the Site and in the surrounding area are connected to municipal water supply lines The need for additional institufional controls will be evaluated upon selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site

The Site is well-maintained and is surrounded by a secured perimeter fence with signs restricting access Access is limited to authorized persons during regular business hours

45

All site-related wells are secured or if no longer operational have been properly abandoned

72 Question B Are the exposure assumptions toxicity data cleanup levels and remedial action objectives (RAOs) used at the time of remedy selection still valid

The ARARs for four ofthe nine ground water COCs aldrin alpha-BHC beta-BHC and dieldrin have become more stringent since the signing ofthe 1996 ROD During the current ground water treatability study both alpha-BHC and beta-BHC have been detected at levels greater than the RODs less stringent cleanup goals for these COCs Remedial activities at the Site have allowed the continued industrial use ofthe property and have reduced ecological risk at the Site The selection of a revised ground water remedy is required before achieving the remaining two RAOs 1) protection of ground water from continued degradation by Site contaminants and 2) reduction of risk to human health within EPAs acceptable risk range Residual soil contamination remains present below the water table and the ground water plume continues to exceed cleanup goals The industrial land use at the Site and in the surrounding area is unchanged since the ROD was signed therefore the exposure assumpfions are still valid Benzene and ethylbenzene are being detected in the groundwater at concentrations above the primary drinking-water standards

73 Question C Has any other information come to light that could call into question the protectiveness ofthe remedy

No other infomiation has come to light that could call into question the protectiveness of the remedy

74 Technical Assessment Summary

The review of documents ARARs risk assumptions and the Site inspection indicate that the Sites soil remedy is functioning as intended by Site decision documents for soil and sediment Pesticide-contaminated surface soil and sediment at the Site and the adjacent CSX railway line east drainage ditch were excavated and shipped offsite for biological treatment and disposal Contaminated soil and residual sulfur were also excavated and shipped off-site for disposal Since there is commingling ofthe Sites ground water plumes with those ofthe adjacent Alaric Site the pump-and-treat ground water remedy selected in the 1996 ROD may not currently be appropriate to implement at the Site until the Alaric Sites plumes have been remediated Helena Chemical Company proposed a pilot-scale treatability study to evaluate the feasibility of biological and physical ground water contaminant degradafion The work plan for this treatability study was approved by EPA in August 2009 The study is currenfiy underway and was scheduled to conclude by the fourth quarter of 2010 vvith a contingency period of another 12 months if necessary A final report documenting the effectiveness ofthe first full year ofthe treatability study was not available at the time this FYR report was drafted therefore a decision regarding whether to implement the additional 12 month contingency period had also not been made The final results ofthe treatability study will be used to infonn the selection of a

46

revised ground water remedy for the Site In the event that the treatability study is not successful EPA may consider addifional avenues to approach remediation including additional excavation

The ARARs for four ofthe nine ground water COCs aldrin alpha-BHC beta-BHC and dieldrin have become more stringent since the signing ofthe 1996 ROD During the current ground water treatability study both alpha-BHC and beta-BHC have been detected at levels greater than the cuirent less-stringent cleanup goal for these COCs Remedial activities at the Site have allowed the continued industrial use ofthe property and have reduced ecological risk at the Site The selection of a revised ground water remedy is required before achieving the remaining two RAOs 1) protection of ground water from confinued degradation by Site contaminants and 2) reduction of risk to

-human health within EPAs acceptable risk range Residual soil contaniination remains present below the water table and the ground water plume continues to exceed cleanup goals The industrial land use at the Site and in the surrounding area has not changed since the ROD was signed therefore the exposure assumptions are still valid

The 1996 ROD selected the implementation of institutional controls in the fomi of deed restrictions for soil sediment and ground water to liinit exposure to site-related contamination Fencing was also required by the 1996 ROD Land use restrictions have not been implemented for the Site however some interim institufional controls to protect against exposure to ground water contamination have been implemented Helena Chemical Company intends to continue Site operations for the foreseeable future and has no intention to sell lease or transfer any portion ofthe Site Current and future zoning designations are consistent with the industrial land use criteria used in selection of site COC cleanup goals In 2008 EPA entered into a Memorandum of Agreement with the SWFWMD The document confinns SWFWMDs regulatory authority to place restrictions on well placement and constmction Through shared infonnation between the two agencies SWFWMD can make infonned pemiitting and enforcement decisions to prevent exposure to ground water contamination that could pose a risk to hunian health No impacted ground water wells are used for potable water buildings at the Site and in the surrounding area are connected to municipal water supply lines The need for additional institutional controls will be evaluated upon selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site

The Site is well-maintained and is surrounded by a secured perimeter fence with signs restricting access Access is limited to authorized persons during regular business hours All site-related wells have been secured or if no longer operational have been properly abandoned

47

80 Issues

Table 8 summarizes the current site issues

Table 8 Current Site Issues

Issue

A revised ground water remedy for the Site has not been selected or implemented and sampling events continue to detect COC concentrations in ground water that are greater than cleanup goals Land use restrictions for the Site have not yet been implemented

Affects Current Protectiveness

(Yes or No)

No

No

Affects Future Protectiveness

(Yes or No)

Yes

Yes

48

90 Recommendations and Follow-up Actions

Table 9 provides recommendations to address the current site issues

Table 9 Recommendations to Address Current Site Issues

Issue

A revised groundshywater remedy for the Site has not been selected or mdash implemented and sampling events continue to detect COC concentrations in ground water that are greater than cleanup goals

Land use restrictions for the Site have not yet been implemented

Recommendations Follow-Up Actions

- At the conclusion ofthe current pilot study evaluate results and if appropriate docunient the selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site

A restrictive covenant will be concluded designed to ensure the Site remains industrial

Party Responsible

PRP

PRP

Oversight Agency

EPA

EPA

Milestone Date

01312012

01312012

Affects Protectiveness

(Yes or No) Current

No

No

Future

Yes

Yes

49

100 Protectiveness Statements

The Sites remedy currently protects huinan health and the environment in the short-tenn because it is functioning as intended by the Sites decision documents for soil and sediment Source materials have been excavated and removed for off-site treatment and disposal The selected ground water remedy has not yet been implemented due to concems with promoting migration ofthe ground water plume from the neighboring Alaric Site A pilot-scale bioremediafion treatability study is underway and will hopefully aid in the selecfion of a revised ground water remedy for the Site The affected surficial aquifer in the vicinity ofthe Site is not used for potable water supply and area residents and businesses are connected to municipal water supply In order for the remedy to be protective in the long-tenn issues conceming implementation of a revised ground water remedy and institutional controls should be addressed

50

110 Next Review

This Site is a statutory Site that requires ongoing FYRs as long as waste is left on site that does not allow for unrestricted use and unlimited exposure The next FYR will be due within five years ofthe signatureapproval date ofthis FYR

51

Appendix A List of Documents Reviewed

CERCLA Infonnafion System Site Infomiation accessed from website httpcfpubepa^ovsupercpadcursitescsitinfocfinid=0400674 Accessed May 12 2010

EPA Record of Decision Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) EPA ID FLD053502696 Prepared by US EPA Region 4 May 7 1996

Explanation of Significant Differences Helena Chemical Superfund Site Tampa Hillsborough County FL Prepared by US EPA Region 4 January 27 2005

First Five-Year Review Report for Helena Chemical Company Tampa Hillsborough County Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for US EPA Region 4 January 31 2006 mdash

First Quarter 2010 Pilot Test Implementation Report Helena Chemical Company Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Chemical Conipany July 7 2010

Fourth Quarter 2009 Pilot Test Implementation Report Helena Chemical Company Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Chemical Coinpany March 12 2010

Memorandum of Agreement between the US Environmental Protection Agency Region 4 Superfund Division and the Southwest Florida Water Management District September 11 2008

Pilot Test and Interini Monitoring Work Plan for the Helena Chemical Conipany Superfund Site Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Chemical Company June 30 2009

Pilot Test Implementation Report Helena Cheinical Company Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Chemical Company December 22 2009

Second Quarter 2010 Pilot Test Implementation Report Helena Chemical Conipany Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Chemical Company September 23 2010

Third Quarter 2009 Pilot Test Implementation Report Helena Chemical Company Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Cheinical Coinpany December 22 2009

A-l

Appendix B Press Notice

y PRoA^

U S Environmental Protection Agency Region 4 Announces a Five-Year Review for

the Helena Chemical Company Superfund Site Tampa Hillsborough Countj Florida

PurposeObjective The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is conducting a Five-Year Review ofthe remedy for the Helena Chemical Company Superfuiid site (Site) in Tampa Florida The purpose ofthe Five-Year Review is to ensure that the selected cleanup actions effectively protect human health and the environment

Site~Background The Site covers approximately eight acres and is located in the Orient Park industrial area in Tampa Floiida The ~ facility was built in 1929 as a chemical plant for the production of sulfur The initial owners manufactured wettable and dusting sulfur and formulated pesticides herbicides fungicides and fertilizers at the facility Helena Chemical Company purchased the property in 1967 and continued these manufacturing operations until 1981 The company moved its pesticide herbicide and fiingicide formulation operations to Georgia in 1981 but has continued to fonnulate insecticidal petroleum oil and liquid fertilizers at the facility Former manufacturing operations by Helena Chemical Company and its predecessors resulted in soil and ground water contamination EPA placed the Site on the National Priorities List (NPL) in October 1992

Cleanup Actions In 1996 EPA signed the Record of Decision (ROD) for the Site which selected a remedy to clean up contaminants by excavating and treating contaminated soils disposing of sulfur-contaminated soils offsite neutralizing soil pH and containing ground water contamination to prevent off-site migration Between 2000 and 2005 more than 10000 tons of contaminated soils were excavated for treatment and soils with sulfur contamination were disposed of off site After the soil removals lime was incorporated into remaining on-site soils to neutralize the sulfuric acid present four feet below the land surface However the addition of lime appears to have had minimal effect on areas with low pH Design ofthe ground water treatment system was delayed due to the need to distinguish between source contamination at the Site and source contaniination emanating from another Superfijnd site the Alaric Area Ground Water Plume site which is located adjacent to the Site Ground water sampling conducted in 2007 concluded that pesticide concentrations at the Site continue to exceed cleanup goals established in the ROD and require remedial action Several pilot-scale treatability studies commenced in 2009 and are presently underway

Five-Vear Review Schedule The National Contingency Plan requires that remedial actions that result in any hazardous substances pollutants or contaminants remaining at the Superfimd Sites above levels that allow for unlimited use and unrestricted exposure be reviewed every five years to ensure the protection of human health and the environment The second ofthe Five-Year Reviews for this Site will be completed in January 2011

EPA invites community participation in the Five-Year Review process EPA is conducting this Five-Year Review to evaluate the effectiveness ofthe Sites remedy and to ensure that the remedy remains protective of human health and the environment As part ofthe Five-Year Review process EPA staff are available to answer any questions about the Site Community members who have questions about the Site or the Five-Year Review process or vvho would like to participate in a community interview are asked to contact

Galo Jackson Remedial Project Manager LTonya Spencer Community Involvement Coordinator Phone 404-562-8937 Phone 404-562-8463 1 -800-435-9234 (toll free) E-mail jacksongaloMjepauov E-mail spencerlatonva(5)epagov

Mailing Address EPA Region 4 Sam Nunn Atlanta Federal Center 61 Forsyth St SW Mail Code 9T25 Atlanta GA 30303-8960

Site information is also available at the Sites local document repository at University of South Florida Library 4202 East Fowler Avenue Tampa Florida 33620 and online at httpwvwepcigovi-egion4wasteitplitplflshelenafl-hlin

B-

Appendix C Interview Forms

Interview Form 2011 Five-Year Review - Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) Site Tampa FL

Site Name Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) EPA ID No FLD053502696 Interviewer Name Sabrina Foster Affiliation E Inc Subjects Name Galo Jackson Affiliation EPA Region 4 Subjects Contact Information iacksongalo(fl)epagov Time 915 am Date July 8 2010 Type of Interview (Circle one) In Person Phone Mail Other Location of Interview Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) site

IVIiat is your overall impression ofthe project In tenns ofthe pilot-scale treatability study for water the project is on schedule We are getting results back having them reviewed but it is still too early to tell what the final result will be The treatability study has been challenging but I am hopeful that it will work

2 What effect has this site had on the surrounding community ifany^7 None that 1 am aware of

3 How well do you believe the remedy currently in place is performing7 Do you believe the monitoring data show the remedys effectiveness^ As 1 said before we are still working on the treatability study so it is really too early to tell The study is still in early stages

4 Are you aware of any complaints or inquiries regarding environmental issues or the remedial action from residents since implementation ofthe cleanup 1 have not received any in the last five years

5 Are you aware of any changes in projected land use at or near the site No as far as I know it is all still zoned for heavy industrial use

6 Do you feel well informed about the site y activities and progress Yes EnSafe are the remedial contractors and they do a good job keeping me well-in fonn ed

7 Do you have any commenis suggeslions or recommendations regarding the sile s management or operation Not really The treatability study is underway and 1 am hopeful that it will work

C-1

Site Name Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) EPA ID No FLD053502696 Interviewer Name Sabrina Foster Affiliation E Inc Subjects Name Ed Brister Affiliation Helena Chemical Company Subjects Contact Information bristere(laquo)helenachemicacom Time 900 am Date July 8 2010 Type of Interview (Circle one) In Person Phone Mail Other Location of Interview Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) site

1 What is your overall impression ofthe project My impression is that it is good and has been a successful project

2 What e f f y has this site had on the surrounding community ifany mdash We dont know of any effect on the surrounding community Certainly there hasnt been

an effect on human health At any site like this you are going to have stigma issues but we dont hear any concerns out ofthe community about it

3 How well do you believe the remedy currently in place is performing 1 think it is doing well

4 Are you aware of any complaints or inquiries regarding environmental issues or the remedial action from residents since implementation ofthe cleanup Yes During the implementation ofthe cleanup the soil excavations we did hear of concems Irom a neighbor [Resident 1] We addressed her concems by temporarily moving her and her husband from their home for a couple of months to a location south of here We temporarily moved the [residents] twice once during the big removal in 2000 and again during the excavation and removal ofthe sulfur area in 2004-2005

5 Are you aware of any changes in projected land use at or near the site No not for here or for the surrounding areas

6 Do you feel well informed about the site s activities and progress Yes

7 Do you have any commenis suggestions or recommendations regarding the site f management or operation No

C-2

SiteName Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) EPA ID No FLD053502696 Subjects Name Karen Milicic Affiliation FDEP Subjects Contact Information 850-245-8931 Time 913 am Date August 23 2010 Type of Interview (Circle one) In Person Phone Mail Other E-mail Location of Interview Tallahassee FL

What is your overall impression ofthe project Good appear to be making progress on addressing the contaminants of concem

2 How well do you believe the remedy currently in place is performing Still too early to tell basedon recent lab data

3 Are you comfortable with the institutional controls required for the Site and their current status of implementation Yes at this time

4 Are you aware of any complaints or inquiries regarding environmental issues or the remedial action from residents in the last five years No not aware of any complaints andor inquiries regarding the Site

5 Has your office conducted any Site-related activities or communications in the last five years If so please give purpose and results of these activities Yes to attend a site visit with EPA RPM Galo Jackson

6 Are you aware of any changes to state laws that might affect the protectiveness ofthe remedy Are you aware of any changes in projected land use at the Site Not at this fime

7 Do you feel well informed about the Site 5 activities and progress Feel very well infomied regarding the progress ofthe Site

8 Do you have any comments suggestions or recommendations regarding the Site s management or operation None at this time

C-3

Site Name Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) EPA ID No FLD053502696 Interviewer Name Sabrina Foster Affiliation E^ Inc Subjects Name Mary Yeargan Affiliation Environmental Protection

Commission of Hillsborough County Subjects Contact Information yearganm(fl)epchcorg Time 330 pm Date September 27 2010 Type of Interview (Circle one) In Person Phone Mail Other

What is your overall impression ofthe project My overall impression is that it is continuing along as it has been

2 What are your views about current site condition problems or related concerns mdash 1 was onthe site visit for the last FYR so I am familiar with the-Site and the Five-Year

Review process I think that things are continuing to move forward at the Site with the treatments underway

3 What effect has this site had on the surrounding community This is a blighted community and certainly the presence of a Superfund site contributes to the perception of blight But Helena is not the only Superfund site in the area there is also Stauffer Chemical Florida Steel Alaric as well as the jail and all the bail bonds places So there is blight in the community but it is npt a direct result of Helena

4 Has the local government received any citizen complaints or inquiries regarding environmental issues or activities at this site I havent received any specific complaints nothing about Helena in particular The calls I get largely concem other specific Superfund sites in the area or just the presence of Superfijnd sites in general I did receive a call in 2008 firom a resident who was concemed about well water and whether the presence of Superfijnd sites in the area meant that the water was contaminated Again they didnt specifically mention Helena just Superfund sites in general We called the Department of Public Health to come out and sampled the well and there was no contamination present

5 Have there been routine communications or activities (site visits inspections reporting activities etc) conducted by your office regarding the site If yes please give purpose and results No

6 Are you aware of any changes to local laws that might affect the protectiveness ofthe remedy Are you aware of any changes in projected land use at the Site No Im not aware of any changes to local laws that would impact the Site Helena continues to operate so that land use hasnt changed and I dont imagine that the land use zoning would be changed to anything other than heavy industrial There is a limited amount of space available for heavy industrial so they are going to keep any land already zoned for that purpose

C-4

7 Do you feel well informed about the Sites activities and progress If not what methods would you recommend EPA use to disseminate more information Sure

8 Do you have any comments suggestions or recommendations regarding the project None I have worked with Galo for some time and let him know right away if there are any complaints

C-5

Appendix D Site Inspection Checklist

FIVE-YEAR REVIEW SITE INSPECTION CHECKLIST

I SITE INFORMATION

Site name Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) Date of inspection July 8 2010

Location and Region Tampa FL Region 4 EPA ID FLD053502696

Agency office or company leading the five-year review EPA Region 4 Weathertemperature Clear skies sunny 85F

Remedy Includes (Check all that apply) I I Landfill covercontainment [XI Access controls IXI Institutional controls Xl Groundwater pump and treatment I I Surface water collection and treatment Xl Other Soil excavation and off-site disposal

I I Monitored natural attenuation XI Groundwater containment [~| Vertical banier walls

ttachments XT] Inspection team roster attached I I Site map attached

II INTERVIEWS (Check all that apply)

1 OampM site manager Name Title

Interiewed 77 at site [d at office Q by phone Phone no Problems suggestions XU Report attached

mmddvgtvv Date

OampM staff Name Title

Interviewed O at site J at office XU by phone Phone no Problems suggestions [d Report attached

mmddyyvv Date

D-

3 Local regulatory authorities and response agencies (ie State and Tribal offices emergency response office police department office of public health or environmental health zoning office recorder of deeds or other city and county offices etc) Fill in all that apply

Agency FDEP Contact

Problems

Agencv Cont c t Problems

Agency Contact

Problems

Aeencv Contact

Problems

Agency Contact

Problems

Karen Milicic Name

suggestions bull Report attached

Name suggestions 1 1 Report attached

N me suggestions bull Report attached

Name suggestions bull Report attached

Name suggestions CD Report attached

Proiect Manager Title

see Appendix C

8232010 Date

Title

Title see Appendix C

Date

mdash

Date

Title see Appendix C

ate

Title see Appendix C

Date

850-245-8931 Phone No

Phone No

Phone No

Phone No

Ph iieNo

4 Other interviews (optional) bull Report attached

EPA Region 4 Galo Jackson Remedial Project Manager 782010 404-562-8937

Helena Chemical Company (PRP) Ed Brister Director of Engineering Safety Health 782010901-537-8600

and Environment

III ON-SITE DOCUMENTS amp RECORDS VERIFIED (Check all that apply)

1 O amp M Documents

n OampM manual D Readily available bull Up to date

1 1 As-built drawings O Readily available Q Up to date

n Maintenance logs Q Readily available []] Up to date

Remarks

^ N A

K | N A

E ] N A

2 Site-Specific Health and Safety Plan bull Readily available ^ Up to date D NA

n Contingency planemergency response plan bull Readily available ^ Up to date O NA

Remarks

3 O amp M and OSHA Training Records Q Readily available D Up to date lEI NA

Remarks

D-2

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

1

Permits and Service Agreements

r~l Air discharge pemiit

bull Effluent discharge

n Waste disposal POTW

1 1 Other pemiits

Remarks

Gas Generation Records

Remarks

Settlement Monument Records

Remarks

Groundwater Monitoring Records

r~1 Readily available

n Readily available

77 Readily available

[y Readily available

[72 Readily available

[y Readily available

Q Readily available

Remarks Ground water monitoring records are available for the feasibilitv and intemiittent monitoring records from

n Up to date

bull Up to date

n Up to date

n Up to date

n Up to date

n Up to date mdash bull -

IC] Up to date

[ 3 NA

^ N A

KNA

KNA

13 NA

S N A

KINA

study currently underway sampling to confirm the effectiveness of soil remedial

actions are also available Since a revised ground water remedy for the Site has not vet been or implemented long-temi monitoring o

Leachate Extraction Records

Remarks

Discharge Compliance Records

selected f ground water remedy effectiveness has not yet begun 1

n Readily available

bull Air n Readily available bull Up to date

bull Water (effluent) bull Readily available bull Up to date

Remarks

Daily AccessSecurity Logs

Remarks

IV

OampM Organization

1 1 State in-house

n PRP in-house

1 1 Federal Facility in-house

n

X3 Readily available

OampM COSTS

1 1 Contractor for State

n Contractor for PRP

bull Up to date KNA

KlNA

^ N A

bull Up to date

1 1 Contractor for Federal Facility

KINA

D-3

-gt

3

OampM Cost Records

1 1 Readily available

1 1 Funding mechanist

Original OampM cost es

From mniddvYw

Date

From mmddNyyy

Date

From mnidd-w-w

Date

From mmddyvY

Date

From mmddyvw

Date

Unanticipated or Unu

Describe costs and reas

n Up to date

nagreement in place CH Unavailable

imate | 1 Breakdown attached

Total annual cost by year for review period

To mmddyvw

Date Total cost

To mmddN-vw

ate Total cost

To mmddyvw

Date Total cost

To mmddvvNv

Date Total cost

To mmddyvw

Date Total cost

iually High OampM Costs During Review P

ons

if available

bull Breakdown aitached

1 1 Breakdown attached

- 1 1 Breakdown attached

1 1 Breakdown attached

CH Breakdown attached

eriod

V ACCESS AND INSTITUTIONAL CONTROLS ^ Applicable D NA

A

1

B

1

C

Fencing

Fencing damaged Q Location shown on site map ^ G

Remarks Fencing surrounds entire property gates are secured outsi

Other Access Restrictions

Signs and other security measures O Location s

Remarks Access signs are posted near entry gates

Institutional Controls (ICs]

ues secured CD NA

de of operation hours

10wn on site map CD NA

D-4

Implementation and enforcement

Site conditions imply ICs not properly implemented

Site conditions imply ICs not being fully enforced

Type of monitoring (eg self-reporting drive by)

Frequency

Responsible partyagency

Contact

Name Title

Reporting is up-to-date

Reports are verified by the lead agency

Specific requirements in deed or decision documents have been met

Violations have been reported

Other problems or suggestions CD Report attached

D Y e s

D Y e s

No D NA

No D N A

mrrvaoyy

Date D Yes

DYes

DYes

DYes

wv Phone no

D N O

D N O

D N O

D N O

DNA

Q N A

DNA

DNA

2 Adequacy ^ ICs are adequate O ICs are inadequate CD NA

Remarks The 1996 ROD calls for institutional controls in the fomi of site deed restrictions to limit exposure to ground water contamination until cleanup goals are achieved The ROD also calls for fencing to limit access and exposure to site soil contamination At the request ofthe FDEP land use restrictions for the Site have not yet been implemented however some interim institutional controls lo protect against exposure to ground water contamination have been implemented EPA signed a Memorandum of Agreement with the SWFWMD affimiing SWFWMDs regulatory authority to restrict well construction and well use for potable water at and in the area ofthe Site Secure perimeter fencing provides an engineering control to restrict access to the Site The risk for exposure is minimal because surface soil has been remediated the Helena Chemical Company has continued site operations and plans to continue industrial activities at the Site into the foreseeable ftiture and current and future land use zoning is consistent with the industrial cleanup criteria used in the selection of site cleanup goals

A treatability study is currently underway to help detennine the revised remedy for ground water Once this remedy has been selected and decision documents have been appropriately updated Helena Chemical Company EPA the slate and Hillsborough County will evaluate changes to existing institutional controls and addition of new institutional controls for the Site as well as impacted ground water area as appropriate

D General

Vandalismtrespassing

Remarks

I I Location shown on site map No vandalism evident

2 Land use changes on site

Remarks

NA

3 Land use changes off site

Remarks

^ N A

VI GENERAL SITE CONDITIONS

Roads Applicable D NA

D-5

1

B

Roads damaged

Remarks Paved aspha

Other Site Conditions

[y] Location shown on site map ^ Roads adequate Q NA

It roads are used for access to warehouses and the office building on site

Remarks

A

1

T

3

4

5

6

7

8

VII

Landfill Surface

LANDFILL COVERS D Applicable [^ NA

Settlement (Low spots)

Arial extent

Remarks

Cracks

Lengths

Remarks

Erosion

Arial extent

Remarks

Holes

Arial extent

Remarks

Vegetative Cover

1 1 No signs of stres

Remarks

Alternative Cover

Remarks

Bulges

Arial extent

Remarks

s

1 1 Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

Widths

CD Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on sit map

CH Grass

1 1 TreesSlirubs (indicate size and loi

amiored rock concrete etc)

Xy Location shown on site map

rn Settlement not evident

Depth

CD Cracking not evident

Depths

CD Erosion not evident

Depth

CD Holes not evident

Depth

1 1 Cover properly established

bullations on a diagram)

DNA

CD Bulges not evident

Height

Wet AreasWater Damage bull Wet areaswater damage not evident

bull Wet areas

CD Ponding

n Seeps

bull Soft subgrade

Remarks

CD Location shown on site map

1 1 Location shown on site map

1 1 Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

Arial extent

Arial extent

Arial extent

Arial extent

D-6

9

B

1

2

3

C

1

1

3

4

5

Slope Instability

1 1 No evidence of slope

Arial extent

Remarks

n Slides

instability

CD Location shown on site map

Benches D Applicable ^ NA

(Horizontally constructed mounds of earth placed across a steep landfill side slope to interrupt the slope in order to slow down the velocity of surface runoff and intercept and convey the runoff to a lined channel)

Flows Bypass Bench

Remarks

Bench Breached

Remarks

Bench Overtopped

Remarks

CD Location shown on site map

bull Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

CD NA or okay

bull NA or okay

1 j NA or okay

Letdown Channels bull Applicable ^ NA

(Charaiel lined with erosion control mats riprap grout bags or gabions that descend down the steep side slope ofthe cover and will allow the runoff water collected by the benches to move off of the landfill cover without creating erosion gullies)

Settlement (Low spots)

Arial extent

Remarks

Material Degradation

Material type

Remarks

Erosion

Arial extent

Remarks

Undercutting

Arial extent

Remarks

Obstructions

bull Location shown on sit

Size

Remarks

CD Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

Type

e map Arial extent

CD No evidence of settlement

Depth

[H No evidence of degradation

Arial extent

bull No evidence of erosion

Depth

CD No evidence of undercutting

Depth

1 1 No obstmctions

D-7

6

D

1

2

3

4

5

E

1

9

3

Excessive Vegetative Growth Type

CD No evidence of excessive growth

CD Vegetation in channels does not obstmct flow

CD Location shown on site map Ari

Remarks

al extent

Cover Penetrations XC Applicable ^ NA

Gas Vents bull Active

CD Properly securedlocked Q Functioning

CD Evidence of leakage at penetration

Remarks

Gas Monitoring Probes

CD Properly securedlocked CD Functioning

CD Evidence of leakage at penetration

Remarks

Monitoring Wells (within surface area of landfill)

CD Properly securedlocked [ID Functioning

1 1 Evidence of leakage at penetration

Remarks

Extraction Wells Leachate

CD Properly securedlocked CD Functioning

1 1 Evidence of leakage at penetration

Remarks

Settlement Monuments Q Located

Remarks

Gas Collection and Treatment CD Applicable

Gas Treatment Facilities

n Passive

CD Routinely sampled

CD Needs Maintenance

CD Routinely sampled

CD Needs Maintenance

bull Routinely sampled

CD Needs Maintenance

CD Routinely sampled

1 1 Needs Maintenance

CD Routinely sureyed

^ N A

1 1 Flaring CD Themial destmclion

CD Good condition CD Needs Maintenance

Remarks

Gas Collection Wells Manifolds and Piping

CD Good condition CD Needs Maintenance

Remarks

Gas Monitoring Facilities (eg gas monitoring o

CD Good condition

DNA

- - bull

CD Good condition

DNA

1 1 Good condition

DNA

CD Good condition

DNA

DNA

CD Collection for reuse

Fadjacent homes or buildings)

CD Good condition CD Needs Maintenance CD NA

Remarks

D-8

F

1

2

G

1

1

3

4

H

1

2

I

1

9

3

Cover Drainage Layer bull Applicable ^ NA

Outlet Pipes Inspected CD Functioning

Remarks

Outlet Rock Inspected CD Functioning

Remarks

DetentionSedimentation Ponds bull Applicable

Siltation Area extent Depth

1 1 Siltation not evident

Remarks

Erosion Area extent Depth

CD Erosion not evident

Remarks

Outlet Works bull Functioning

Remarks

Dam CD Functioning

Remarks

Retaining Walls D Applicable ^ NA

Deformations CD Location shown on site map

Horizontal displacement Vertical di

Rotational displacement

Remarks

Degradation [C Location shown on site map

Remarks

Perimeter DitchesOff-Site Discharge [C Applicable

Siltation CD Location shown on site map

Area extent

Remarks

Vegetative Growth bull Location shown on site map

CD Vegetation does not impede flow

Area extent

Remarks

Erosion bull Location shown on site map

Area extent

Remarks

DNA

DNA

^ N A

DNA

DNA

DNA

J Deformation not evident

splacement

CD Degradation not evident

13 NA

CD Siltation not evident

Depth

DNA

Type

CD Erosion not evident

Depth

D-9

4 Discharge Structure Q Functioning bull NA

Remarks

VIII VERTICAL BARRIER WALLS D Applicable ^ NA

1

2

IX

A

1

2

3

B

1

bull )

3

C

Settlement CD Location shown on site map CD Settlement not evident

Area extent Depth

Remarks

Performance Monitoring Type of monitoring

bull Perfomiance not monitored

Frequency CD Evidence of breaching

Head differential

Remarks

GROUNDWATERSURFACE WATER REMEDIES g] Applicable Q NA

Groundwater Extraction Wells Pumps and Pipelines X Applicable ^ NA

Pumps Wellhead Plumbing and Electrical

CD Good condition CD Ail required wells properly operating CD Needs Maintenance CD NA

Remarks

Extraction System Pipelines Valves Valve Boxes and Other Appurtenances

bull Good condition O Needs Maintenance

Remarks

Spare Parts and Equipment

bull Readily available bull Good condition bull Requires upgrade bull Needs to be provided

Remarks

Surface Water Collection Structures Pumps and Pipelines [72 Applicable ^ NA

Collection Structures Pumps and Electrical

CD Good condition CD Needs Maintenance

Remarks

Surface Water Collection System Pipelines Valves Valve Boxes and Other Appurtenances

CD Good condition CD Needs Maintenance

Remarks

Spare Parts and Equipment

bull Readily available O Good condition Q Requires upgrade bull Needs to be pr vided

Remarks

Treatment System bull Applicable 3 NA

D-10

T

Treatment Train (Check components that apply)

I I Metals removal [72 Oilwater separation [72 Bi remediation

I I Air stripping [Zl Carbon adsorbers

D Filters

I I Additive (eg chelation agent flocculent)

n Others

I I Good condition [7 Needs Maintenance

I I Sampling ports properly marked and fianctional

I I Samplingmaintenance log displayed and up to date

CD Equipment properly identified mdash

I I Quantity of groundwater treated annually

I I Quantity of surface water treated annually

Remarks

Electrical Enclosures and Panels (properly rated and functional)

I I NA [22 Good condition [2 Needs Maintenance

Remarks

3 Tanks Vaults Storage Vessels

I I NA [J] Good condition [] Proper secondary containment [2 Needs Maintenance

Remarks

4 Discharge Structure and Appurtenances

I I NA CD Good condition [72 Needs Maintenance

Remarks

5 Treatment Building(s)

CD NA CD Golt d condition (esp roof and doorways) CD Needs repair

I I Chemicals and equipment properly stored

Remarks

6 Monitoring Wells (pump and treatment remedy)

I I Properly securedlocked [7 Functioning CD Routinely sampled CD Good condition

I I All required wells located CD Needs Maintenance CD NA

Remarks

D Monitoring Data

1 Monitoring Data

3 Is routinely submitted on time ^ Is of acceptable quality

2 Monitoring data suggests

[H Groundwater plume is effectively contained CD Contaminant concentrations are declining

D-

E Monitored Natural Attenuation 1 Monitoring Wells (natural attenuation remedy)

I I Properly securedlocked CD Functioning CD Routinely sampled CD Good condition

CD All required wells located CD Needs Maintenance ^ NA

Remarks X OTHER REMEDIES

If there are remedies applied at the site and not covered above attach an inspection sheet describing the physical nature and condition of any facility associated with the remedy An example would be soil vapor extraction

In September 2009 Helena Chemical Company began a pilot-scale bioremediation treatability study at the Site to test the effectiveness of sulfate reduction and anaerobic xylene degradation to treat residual ground water contamination in the surficial aquifer and the intemiediate aquifer system The pilot study also investigates reductive dechlorination of BHC isomers tlirough addition of facultative anaerobic cultures enhancement of nitrate- iron- and sulfate-reducers and addition of a reduction agent such as zero-valent iron with a pH adjustment The study was scheduled to conclude by the fourth quarter of 2010 and a contingency time of an additional 12 months has been allotted in the treatability study schedule if necessary

XI OVERALL OBSERVATIONS A Implementation of the Remedy

The pesticide source contamination in soil was excavated in 2000 and shipped offsite to an approved disposal facilitv in Louisiana Further soil excavation activities were performed in 2004 and 2005 in order to address sulfiir contamination source areas A pilot study to assess treatability of ground water contamination originating from the fomier sulfur pit area and the former xylene tank area is presently underway Results ofthe study will inform the selection ofthe remedy for ground water at the Site

B Adequacy of OampM A treatability study is presently underway for ground water treatment at the Site OampM activities have yet to commence

Early Indicators of Potential Remedy Problems None

D Opportunities for Optimization None

Site Inspection Team Galo Jackson EPA Region 4 Ed Brister Helena Chemical Conipany Christy Fielden E Inc Sabrina Foster E Inc

D-12

Appendix E Photographs from Site Inspection Visit

Helena Chemical Company office building at the Site

Signs at delivery gate which is secured outside of facility operating hours

E-1

Chemical storage warehouse on site

Fonner sulfur pit area with new chemical warehouse facilities

E-2

Monitoring well in the former sulfiir pit area

Pilot study monitoring wells in the former xylene tank area

E-3

Page 3: Five-Year Review Report Second Five-Year Review Report

73 QUESTION C HAS ANY OTHER INFORMATION COME TO LIGHT THAT COULD CALL INTO

QUESTION THE PROTECTIVENESS OF THE REMEDY 46

74 TECHNICAL ASSESSMENT SUMMARY 46

80 Issues 48

90 Recommendations and Follow-up Actions 49

100 Protectiveness Statements 50

110 Next Review 51

Appendix A List of Documents Reviewed A-l

Appendix B Press Notice B-1

Appendix C Interview Forms C-1

Appendix D Site Inspection Checklist D-1

Appendix E Photographs from Site Inspection Visit E-1

Tables Table 1 Chronology of Site Events 10 Table 2 COCs and Cleanup Goals 19 Table 3 Progress on Recommendations from the 2006 FYR 27 Table 4 Previous and 2010 ARARs for Ground Water COCs 33 Table 5 Sulfur Area Pilot Test COC Detections in Ground Water to Date 34 Table 6 Xylene Area Pilot Test COC Detections in Ground Water to Date 37 Table 7 Institutional Control (IC) Summary Table 42 Table 8 Current Site Issues 48 Table 9 Recommendations to Address Current Site Issues 49

Figures Figure 1 Site Location Map 13 Figure 2 Detailed Site Map 14 Figure 3 Map of Pilot Study Area 25 Figure 4 Site Parcel Map 41

List of Acronyms

44-DDT 44-Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane figL micrograms per liter ARAR Applicable or Relevant and Appropriate Requirement bgs below ground surface BHC Benzene Hexachloride CERCLA Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation and Liability Act CFR Code of Federal Regulations CIC Community Involvement Coordinator COC Contaminant of Concem DDD Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane DDE Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene ~ DDT Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane EPA United States Environmental Protection Agency ESD Explanation of Significant Differences FAC Florida Administrative Code FDEP Florida Department of Environmental Protection FHRS Florida Department of Health and Rehabilitative Sei-vices FYR Five-Year Review HQ Hazard Quotient IC Institutional Control LTTD Low Temperature Themial Desorption MCL Maximum Contaminant Level mgkg milligrams per kilogram NCP National Contingency Plan NPL National Priorities List OampM Operation and Maintenance PRP Potentially Responsible Party RA remedial action RAO remedial action objective RD remedial design RIFS remedial investigation and feasibility study ROD record of decision RPM Remedial-Project Manager SWFWMD Southwest Florida Water Management District TBC To-Be-Considered Criteria VOC Volatile Organic Compound

Executive Summary

Introduction

The Helena Chemical Company (Tampa Plant) Site (the Site) consists of approximately eight acres located on four property parcels in Tampa Hillsborough County Florida Since 1929 the Site has been used for pesticide and agricultural chemical operations Helena Chemical Company moved most ofthe plants chemical formulation activities to a facility in Georgia in 1981 Some fonnulation and packaging of insecticidal spray oil and liquid fertilizers continues at the facility however the Site serves predominantly as a warehouse and distribution center for Helena Chemical Companys Florida sales locations Historical chemical mixing and fonnulation practices resulted in the contamination of soil and ground water with pesticides xylenes and sulfuric acid _ -_ mdash

The 1996 Record of Decision (ROD) selected a remedy for the Site that consisted of excavation and off-site disposal of contaminated soil from source areas and ground water containment extraction and treatment In 2000 approximately 7700 tons of pesticide-contaminated soil sediment and debris were excavated from the former xylene tank area and from the east drainage ditch along the CSX railway line located immediately to the south ofthe Site In 2004 and 2005 demolition and removal of concrete from the central courtyard area allowed for excavation of approximately 3000 tons of contaminated soil from the fonner sulfur pit area

The Site is located adjacent to two other Superfiind sites Alaric Area Ground Water Plume (Alaric Site) and Stauffer Chemical Co (Tampa) The ground water pump-and-treat system selected in the 1996 ROD has not been implemented so as not to exacerbate ground water plume migration from the Alaric Site In August 2009 the potentially responsible party (PRP) Helena Chemical Company began a pilot-scale bioremediation treatability study at the Site to test the effectiveness of substrate injection in ground water contaminant source areas in order for biological and physical degradation ofthe contaminants to occur The study was scheduled to continue for 12 months with a contingency period of another 12 months if necessary

The triggering action for this Five-Year Review (FYR) was the signing ofthe previous FYR report on January 31 2006

Remedial Action Objectives

The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) issued the site-wide ROD on May 7 1996 Based on the results ofthe Sites remedial investigation and feasibility study (RIFS) EPA detennined that remediation of soil sediment and ground water would be required for the protection of human health and the environment Remedial action objectives (RAOs) established in the ROD for the Site include

bull Restore the Site to beneficial use bull Reduce risk to human health within EPAs acceptable risk range (ie total residual

cancer risk between 1 x 10 to 1 x IO and maximum individual contaminant hazard quotient of one)

bull Reduce ecological risk and bull Protect ground water from continued degradation by site contaminants

Technical Assessment

The review of documents applicable or relevant and appropriate requirements (ARARs) risk assumptions and the Site inspection indicate that the Sites soil remedy is functioning as intended by Site decision documents for soil and sediment Pesticide-contaminated surface soil and sediment at the Site and the adjacent CSX railway line east drainage ditch were excavated and shipped offsite for biological treatment and disposal Contaminated soil and residual sulfur were also excavated and shipped offsite for disposal Since there is commingling ofthe Sites ground water plumes with those ofthe adjacent Alaric Site the pump-and-treat ground water remedy selected in the 1996 ROD may not cun^ently be appropriate to-implement at the Site until the Alaric Sites plumes have been remediated Helena Chemical Company proposed a pilot-scale treatability study to evaluate the feasibility of biological and physical ground water contaminant degradation The work plan for this treatability study was approved by EPA in August 2009 The study is currently underway and was scheduled to conclude by the fourth quarter of 2010 with a contingency period of another 12 months if necessary A final report documenting the effectiveness ofthe first full year ofthe treatability study was not available at the time this FYR report was drafted therefore a decision regarding whether to implement the additional 12 month contingency period had also not been made The final results ofthe treatability study will be used to infonn the selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site In the event that the treatability study is not successful EPA may consider additional avenues to approach remediation including additional excavation

The ARARs for four ofthe nine ground water contaminants of concem (COCs) aldrin alpha-benzene hexachloride (BHC) beta-BHC and dieldrin have become more stringent since the signing ofthe 1996 ROD During the current ground water treatability study alpha-BHC and beta-BHC have been detected at levels greater than the 1996 cleanup goal Remedial activities at the Site have allowed the continued industrial use ofthe property and have reduced ecological risk at the Site The selection of a revised ground water remedy is required before achieving the remaining two RAOs 1) protection of ground water from confinued degradadon by site contaminants and 2) reduction of risk to human health within EPAs acceptable risk range Residual soil contaminafion remains present below the water table and the ground water plume continues to exceed cleanup goals The industrial land use at the Site and in the surrounding area has not changed since the ROD was signed therefore the exposure assumptions are sfill valid

The 1996 ROD selected the implementation of institutional controls in the fonn of deed restrictions because industrial remedial goals for the soil and sediment were selected due to the Sites industrial zoning In addition an engineering control in the form of fencing was specified Land use restrictions have not yet been implemented for the Site however some interim institutional controls to protect against exposure to ground water contamination have been implemented Current and future zoning designations are consistent with the industrial land use criteria used in selection of Site COC cleanup goals In 2008 EPA entered into a Memorandum of Agreement with the Southwest Florida Water Management District (SWFWMD) The document confirms SWFWMDs regulatory authority to place restrictions on

well placement and constmction Through shared infonnation between the two agencies SWFWMD can make infonned pennitting and enforcement decisions to prevent exposure to ground water contamination that could pose a risk to human health No impacted ground water wells are used for potable water buildings at the Site and in the surrounding area are connected to municipal water supply lines At the request ofthe FDEP the need for additional institutional controls will be evaluated upon selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site

The Site is well-maintained and is suirounded by a secured perimeter fence with signs restricting access Access is limited to authorized persons during regular business hours All site-related wells have been secured or if no longer operational have been properly abandoned

Conclusion

The Sites remedy cun-enfiy protects huinan health and the environment in the short-temi because it is functioning as intended by the Sites decision documents for soil and sediment Source materials have been excavated and removed for off-site treatment and disposal The selected ground water remedy has not yet been implemented due to concems with promoting migration ofthe ground water plume from the neighboring Alaric Site A pilot-scale bioremediation treatability study is underway and will hopefijlly aid in the selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site The affected surficial aquifer in the vicinity ofthe Site is not used for potable water supply and area residents and businesses are connected to municipal water supply In order for the remedy to be protective in the long-term issues concerning implementation of a revised ground water remedy and institutional should be addressed

Five-Year Review Summary Form

SITE IDENTIFICATION Site name (fnnn WasteLAN) Helena Chemical Company (Tampa Plant) EPA ID (from WasteLAN) FLD053502696

Region 4 State Florida CityCounty TanipaHillsborough County

S I T E S T A T U S

NPL status ^ Final D Deleted D Other (specify) Remediation status (choose all that apply) ^ Under Construction HH Operating Q Complete Multiple OUs D YES ^ NO ^ ^ bdquo bdquo ^ ^ v^ Has site been put into reuse [^ YES I I NO Site is in c

Construction completion date Not Applicable ontiiiued use by the Helena Clieiiiical Company

R E V I E W S T A T U S

Lead agency | ^ EPA I I State I I Tribe I I Other Federal Agency

4uthor name Sabrina Foster and Cliristy Fielden (Reviewed by EPA) Author title Associate and Project Manager uthor affiliation E Inc

Review period 04152010 to 01312011 Date(s) of site inspection 07082010

Type of review IXI Post-SARA n Pre-SARA I I Non-NPL Remedial Action Site I I Regional Discretion

n NPL-Remova only n NPL StateTribe-lead

Review nuniber Q 1 (First) ^ 2 (second) Q 3 (third) bull Other (specify)

Triggering action I I Actual RA Onsite Construction at 0U I I Construction Completion I I Other (specify)

n Actual RA Start at 0U 1X1 Previous Five-Year Review Report

Triggering action date (from WasteLAM) 01312006 Due date (fiveyears after triggering action date) 0131 201 1

OU refers lo operable unit] [Review period should correspond to lhe actual start and end dates ofthe Five-Year Review in WasteLAN]

Five-Year Review Summary Form continued

Issues 1) A revised ground water remedy for the Site has not been selected or implemented and sampling events continue to detect COC concentrations in groutid water that are greater than cleanup goals 2) Land use restrictions for the Site have not yet been implemented 3) The ARARs for aldrin alpha-BHC beta-BHC and dieldrin have become more stringent since the signing ofthe 1996 ROD

Recommendations and Follow-up Actions 1) At the conclusion ofthe current pilot study evaluate results and if appropriate document the selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Sile 2) During the future modification ofthe selected ground water remedy evaluate the need for soil and sediment source control institutional controls and for additional ground water institutional controls and implement as appropriate

Protectiveness Statement The Sites remedy cuiTently protects human health and the environment in the short-term because it is functioning as intended by the Sites decision documents for soil and sediment Source materials have been excavated and removed for off-site treatment and disposal The selected ground water remedy has not yet been implemented due to concems with promoting migration ofthe ground water plume from the neighboring Alaric Site A pilot-scale bioremediation treatability study is underway and vvill hopefully aid in the selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site The affected surficial aquifer in the vicinity ofthe Site is not used for potable water supply and area residents and businesses are connected to municipal water supply In order for the remedy to be protective in the long-term issues concerning implementation of a revised ground water remedy and institutional controls should be addressed

Other Coniments Deed records for the Site could not be located tlirough the Hillsborough County Deed Records Office or tlirough an EPA property title search If evaluation of appropriate institutional controls for the Site results in the selection of a restrictive covenant these deed records will need to be located for the restrictive covenant to be implemented

Environmental Indicators - Current hunian exposures at this site are under control - Current ground water migration is not under control

Are Necessarv Institutional Controls in Place n All lEl Some D None A Memorandum of Agreement between EPA and the Southwest Florida Water Management District (SWFWMD) confirms SWFWMDs authority to regulate ground water well use and to impose additional restrictions for the Site and surrounding area Current and anticipated ftiture land uses and zoning are consistent with the industrial criteria used in selection of Site cleanup goals At the request ofthe FDEP once a revised ground water remedy has been selected the Site will be further evaluated to detennine whether additional institutional controls are required

Has the Site Been Designated as Site-Wide Readv for Anticipated Use D Yes ^ No

Second Five-Year Review Report for

Helena Chemicai Company (Tampa Plant) Superfund Site

10 Introduction

The purpose of a Five-Year Review (FYR) is to evaluate the implementation and perfoimance of a remedy in order to detemiine if the remedy will confinue to be protective of human health and the environinent The methods findings and conclusions of FYRs are documented in five-year review reports In addition FYR reports identify issues found during the review ifany and document recommendations to address them

The US Environmental Protecfion Agency (EPA) prepares FYRs pursuant to the Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA) Section 121 and the National Confingency Plan (NCP) CERCLA Secfion 121 states

If the President selects a remedial action that results in any hazardous substances pollutants or contaminants remaining at the site the President shall review such remedial action no less often than each five years after the initiation of such remedial action to assure that human health and the environinent are being protected by the remedial action being implemented In addition if upon such review it is the judgment ofthe President that acfion is appropriate at such site in accordance with section [104] or [106] the President shall take or require such action The President shall report to the Congress a list of facilifies for which such review is required the results of all such reviews and any actions taken as a result of such reviews

EPA interpreted this requirement further in the NCP Title 40 ofthe Code of Federal Regulafions (CFR) Secfion 300430(f)(4)(ii) states

If a remedial acfion is selected that results in hazardous substances pollutants or contaminants remaining at the site above levels that allow for unlimited use and unrestricted exposure the lead agency shall review such actions no less often than every five years after the initiation ofthe selected remedial action

E Inc an EPA Region 4 contractor conducted the FYR and prepared this report regarding the remedy implemented at the Helena Chemical Company (Tampa Plant) Site (the Site) in Tampa Hillsborough County Florida This FYR was conducted from April of 2010 to January of 2011 EPA is the lead agency for developing and implementing the remedy for the potentially responsible party (PRP)-financed cleanup at the Site The Florida Department of Environmental Protection (FDEP) as the support agency representing the State of Florida has reviewed all supporting documentafion and provided input to EPA during the FYR process

This is the second FYR for the Site The triggering action for this statutory review is the previous FYR in 2006 The FYR is required due to the fact that hazardous substances pollutants or contaminants remain at the Site above levels that allow for unlimited use and unrestricted exposure

20 Site Chronology

The following table lists the dates of important events for the Site

Table 1 Chronology of Site Events

Event Initial discovery of contamination Site proposed for the National Priorities List (NPL) Administrative Order on Consent between EPA and Helena Chemical Company remedial investigation and feasibility study (RIFS) start date Site listed on the NPL RIFS completed -Record of Decision (ROD) signed Unilateral Administrative Order and Consent Decree issued by EPA to Helena Chemical Company for implementation of remedial design (RD) and remedial action (RA) RD start date Soil RD completion date and RA start date Soil RA completed RD for sulfur area started RD for sulfur area completed Explanation of Significant Differences (ESD) for xylene issued Consent Decree issued by EPA to Helena Cheinical Company for cost recovery First FYR signed Memorandum of Agreement signed between EPA Region 4 and Southwest Florida Water Management District (SWFWMD) Pilot test for ground water and interini monitoring program start

Date August I 1980

February 7 1992 September 2 1992

October 14 1992 Iuly20 1995 Mav 7 1996

December 10 1996

December 26 1996 Februan 142000

March 7 2001 March 182003

May 8 2003 lanuary 27 2005

July 20 2005

January 31 2006 September 11 2008

August 2009

30 Background

31 Physical Characteristics

The Site is located at 2405 North 71^ Street within the City of Tampa in Hillsborough County Florida (Figure 1) This active commercial and industrial land use area is known as Orient Park or Bunchville An acfive CSX railway line mns along the southem border ofthe Site The active main operating facility is on a single 65-acre parcel (Parcel A-I4-29-19-4CA-000000-000220) bounded by Orient Road to the east East 14 Avenue to the north and North 71^ Street to the west Three additional parcels (Parcel A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000320 Parcel A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000330 and Parcel A-14-29-19-4CE-000003-000010) totaling 197 acres located west of North 71 Street are also included as part ofthe Site and are known as the Helena Woods The Site is situated between two other Superfund sites I) the Alaric Area Ground Water Plume Superfund Site (Alaric Site) to the north ofthe Helena Woods area and to the west ofthe main operating facility and 2) the Stauffer Chemical Company (Tampa) Superfund Site to the southeast ofthe Site on the southem side ofthe CSX railroad tracks

The Site is approximately 05 miles west of Six Mile Creek and the Tampa Bypass Canal The Site is subject to flooding during periods of intense and extended rainfall Surface water at the Site is composed entirely of stonnwater mnoff and the sediment remediation in the Sites selected remedy addresses sediment deposited by this overland flow Stonnwater mnoff from the central portion ofthe Site channels into concrete drainage swales and flows into an on-site retention pond located in the southeastem comer ofthe operating facility parcel The retenfion pond is designed to hold stonnwater mnoff during a 20-year stonn A spillway at the southeastem corner ofthe retention pond allows overflow to drain into a drainage ditch parallel to the CSX railroad tracks The retention pond is part ofthe mnoff control system at the Site and does not constitute a significant ecological habitat

On the westem and northem boundaries ofthe operating facility parcel stonnwater flows to the southwest where it collects in a low-lying section ofthe Helena Woods area and then flows to the north via a paired ditchculvert system along the east and west shoulders of North 71st Street On the east boundary surface water flow continues south along the ditch parallel to Orient Road Drainage tums eastward through a culvert under Orient Road then travels east-northeast for approximately 05 miles The drainage pathway continues through a swale on the north side ofthe CSX right-of-way

Surficial deposits at the Site consist of a thin three to six inch layer of topsoil and sediment covering fine- to medium-grained sands These deposits extend approximately 11 feet below the ground surface (bgs) and are primarily unconsolidated brown fineshygrained sands with traces of organic matter clay silt medium-grained sand and shells The surficial deposits fonn a sharp contact with the underlying Intemiediate Confining Unit which is a stiff intemiediate clay unit between the overlying surficial aquifer and the underlying poorly consolidated limestones that grade into more indurated limestones

11

The bottom portions ofthe surficial unit are saturated year-round the water table fluctuates drasfically with precipitation with seasonal high-water tables rising to within one foot bgs The clay ofthe Intermediate Confining Unit or intennediate aquifer system has low hydraulic pemieability and fonns the semi-confining unit between the ground water of the surficial aquifer and the Floridan aquifer The Upper Floridan aquifer is encountered at approximately 80 feet bgs Moderately indurated clayey sandy limestone is present in the upper section ofthe Floridan aquifer

Ground water flow at the Site is oriented in a radial pattem to the northeast east southeast south and southwest Gradients are the highest in the southeastem direction and lowest toward the northeast and southwest

12

Figure I Site Location Map

Helena Chemical Company Superfund Site Tampa HiHsborough County Florida

Disclaimer This map and any boundary lines within the map are approximate and subject to change The map is not a survey The map is for informational purposes only regarding EPAs response actions at the Site and is not intended for any other purpose

13

Figure 2 Detailed Site Map

~ vHak Area Ground Water Plume Site t

h-V -bull

^

KbullVI^tHl

-

4 ^

See Figure 3 _JSCnSt detail

T--

bdquo bdquo ^ bdquo I

1

I C ^ bullbull

Stauffer Chemical Company (Tampa) Site

Zi

Lagand [ __ ftppronmals Boundary at Suf id A q u h i Gtowid VUMCf Plume L ^ BounMry

17 AjipxiitrratD Boundary of inMimodixe Aqutar System Grcurd Matnr Plume ^ Priaiate WWis Found D i ^ r ^ Sts inapecVon

bull lnlBiniediraquoIeA^u-fcrSyilBT MonlaingwVei Incnaed in Monilonnj Program S SurfcalApufcr Mantarng WBK Incliided in Manitomg Prcgran

^ Weimedisie Aquilei Sysle-n Moiatof Kig Well Not lncjltteltlaquo in Monltonng Progiain pound Suifcal Aqullte Montamo Well Not Inoufled n Monilonrraquo8 Pr agiam

Helena Chemical Company Superfund Site Tampa Hillsborough County Florida

y Disclaimer This map and any boundary lines within the map are approximate and subject to change The map is not a survey The map is for informational purposes only regarding EPAs response actions at the Site and is not intended for any other purpose

14

32 Land and Resource Use

The Site has been used for the manufacture storage and distribution of agricultural products since 1929 The original Site owner Flag Sulfur Company fomiulated a wide variety of insecticides herbicides and fungicides including wettable and dusting sulfur at the Site from 1929 until 1967 Helena Chemical Company acquired the business in 1967 and continued manufacturing operations In 1981 Helena Chemical Company

moved the pesticides herbicides and fiingicides fonnulation operafions to a facility in Georgia in 1981 and the Tampa facility has confinued fomiulating and packaging insecticidal spray oil and liquid fertilizers since that time The Site also serves as Helena Chemical Companys main distribution warehouse for sales locations in the State of Florida

The Site consists of four land parcels within a secured Site perimeter fence The largest of these parcels (65 acres) contains the active Helena Chemical Company offices warehouses and distribufion centers as well as associated paved parking areas This parcel (A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000220) is presenfly zoned for light industrial land uses The Planning Commission serving Hillsborough County the City of Plant City the City of Temple Terrace and the City of Tampa anticipates this parcels fijture land use to be heavy industrial The three smaller parcels forming the Helena Woods area are covered by low grassy vegetation and oak trees and also contain several ground water monitoring wells for the Alaric Site located immediately to the north Two ofthe Helena Woods parcels are listed as being vacant and the third is zoned for a mobile home park The Planning Commission anficipates that all three parcels will be zoned for heavy industrial use in the future North 7P Street fomierly crossed the CSX railroad tracks to the south ofthe Site but the road was closed after an accident at the crossing The street now dead ends at the entrance gate to the tmck loading area on the Helena Cheinical Company property and the closed section of street between the entrance gate and the railroad tracks is included within the Site perimeter fencing

Surrounding land uses predominanfly include various light and heavy industrial uses as well as commercial land uses Small pockets of single family residences are located several blocks to the north and to the west ofthe Site Buildings on the Site and throughout the area impacted by site-related ground water contaniination are connected to municipal water supply lines None ofthe ground water wells impacted by contamination fi^om the Site are used for potable water supply

33 History of Contamination

The facility was built in 1929 as a chemical plant for the production of sulfur and was owned and operated by Flag Sulfur Conipany No historical records regarding the specific products formulated during Flag Sulfijr Company operafions are available but previous facility managers indicated that the conipany manufactured wettable and dusting sulfijr and fomiulated pesticides herbicides fungicides and fertilizers at the Site In 1967 Helena Chemical Conipany purchased the facility fi^om Duval Corporation the owner of Flag Sulfur Company From 1967 to 1981 Helena Chemical Conipany produced

15

wettable and dusting sulfur and fomiulated pesticides herbicides fungicides and fertilizers at the Site The company purchased the raw niaterials fi^oiii suppliers and added solvent emulsifiers andor surfactant to give the finished product certain characteristics required for various applications and strengths

Historically most agricultural chemical fonnulation occurred in the East Warehouse building located in the south central portion ofthe main operating facility parcel The fonnulation process for liquid products would consist of mixing a technical chemical with various solvents a surfactant andor emulsifiers in aboveground mixing vessels in the East Warehouse building Various solvents including xylene and an intemiediate range petroleum solvent called T-500 were used as pesticide carriers or diluents These solvents were stored on site in aboveground storage tanks A 3500-galIon capacity aboveground xylene storage tank was historically located in a benned area to the east of the East Warehouse building This tank was vandalized in 1977 causing a release of xylene to the soil and ground water below

In 1974 Helena Cheinical Company began using a three-tank pollution control system to handle the wash-down waste generated from pesticide manufacturing The wash-down waste consisted primarily of pesticides in a xylene carrier It was diluted with other process water and stonnwater treated vvith caustic soda run through an aeration evaporation treatnient system and finally discharged to the on-site stomiwater retention pond Sludges associated with the treatment system were periodically removed and shipped to the Chemical Waste Management Inc facility in Emelle Alabama for appropriate disposal At an undetemiined time between 1984 and 1988 use ofthe three-tank pollution control system was discontinued

According to the 1996 ROD the on-site stomiwater retention pond may have received some overflow waste from the East Warehouse building before the pollution control tanks were installed in 1974 During construction ofthe retention pond soil in the southeastem portion ofthe Site was removed using backhoes and placed in the Helena Woods area While the Helena Woods area was never used for agricultural chemical fonnulation or packaging contaniination in this area is attributed to the dredge niaterials irom the retention pond and to treatinent with pesticides and herbicides during routine maintenance activities

Dry products were formulated in the east end ofthe West Warehouse building just south ofthe loading dock using a Raymond Mill for grinding and a set of ribbon blenders for mixing Helena Chemical Company would then package the finished product for resale Both Flag Sulfur Company and Helena Chemical Conipany manufactured sulfiir dust and wettable sulfur on site Flag Sulfur Companys operations are largely unknown Helena Chemical Companys sulfur processing operations consisted of transporting molten sulfur to the Site and unloading the sulfur in the fonner sulfijr pit area located south ofthe current central paved courtyard between the West and East Warehouse buildings The sulfur was contained in berms for a period of approximately 48 hours until it had solidified Heavy equipment was then used to break the sulfur into pieces for processing through the Raymond Mill

16

34 Initial Response

In 1976 Helena Chemical Company stopped processing sulfijr products The fomier sulfur pit area was excavated and then filled with clean sand In 1980 the fomiulation of dry fertilizers was also discontinued at the facility In 1981 Helena Chemical Company moved the pesticide herbicide and fungicide fonnulation operation to a company facility in Georgia Since 1981 Helena Chemical Company has fomiulated insecficidal petroleum oil (a 70-viscosity paraffin-based oil with an emulsifier additive) and liquid fertilizers at the Site In addition to products produced at the facility numerous agricultural products are stored in the warehouse prior to distribution to Helena Chemical

- Companys Florida sales offices mdash

In 1984 FDEP inspected the Site and required quarterly monitoring ofthe surficial aquifer From 1988 to 1990 EPA investigated the Site and found pesticide contaniination in the on-site soil sediment and surficial aquifer Based on the potential for hunian exposure via ingestion of contaminated ground water EPA proposed the Site for listing on the NPL in Febmary 1992 and finalized the listing in October 1992

The Florida Department of Health and Rehabilitative Services (FHRS the predecessor of FDEP) in cooperation with the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry prepared a public health assessment for the Site in September 1993 In that report FHRS expressed concem for on-site worker contact with contaminated soil and exposure to sediment and ground water FHRS made several recommendations that additional data should be collected Under a September 1992 Consent Order with EPA Helena Cheinical Coinpany perfonned a RIFS at the Site The primary objectives ofthe invesfigation were to detemiine the nature magnitude and extent of contamination evaluate potential risks to human health and the environinent and evaluate potential cleanup altematives Site operations have remained active throughout site investigations and remedial activities

35 Basis for Taking Action

The results ofthe RIFS documented extensive surface soil and sediment contaniination including pesticides semivolatile organic compounds and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) related to fonner operations by Helena Chemical Company and its predecessors The investigations also documented contamination of ground water in the surficial aquifer and intemiediate aquifer systems with chlorinated pesticides polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons phenols and VOCs A human health risk assessment perfonned by Black and Veatch in 1994 concluded that risks to current and future site workers current and future trespassers and potential future Site residents exceeded acceptable risk and hazard thresholds

17

40 Remedial Actions

In accordance with CERCLA and the NCP the ovemiding goals for any remedial action are protecfion of human health and the environment and compliance with applicable or relevant and appropriate requirements (ARARs) A nuinber of remedial altemafives were considered for the Site fmal selection was made based on an evaluafion ofeach altemative against nine evaluation criteria that are specified in Secfion 300430(e)(9)(iii) ofthe NCP The nine criteria include

L Overall Protectiveness of Human Health and the Environment 2 Compliance with ARARs 3 Long-Tenn Effectiveness and Pennanence 4 Reduction of Toxicity Mobility or Volume of Contaminants through Treatment 5 Short-temi Effectiveness 6 Implementability 7 Cost 8 State Acceptance 9 Community Acceptance

41 Remedy Selection

EPA issued the site-wide ROD on May 7 1996 Based on the results ofthe Sites RIFS EPA detennined that remediation of soil sediment and ground water would be required for the protection of huinan health and the environment Remedial action objecfives (RAOs) established in the ROD for the Site include

bull Restore the Site to beneficial use bull Reduce risk to human health within EPAs acceptable risk range (ie total

residual cancer risk between 1 x 10 to 1 x 10 and maximum individual contaminant Hazard Quotient of 1)

bull Reduce ecological risk bull Protect ground water from continued degradation by Site contaminants

The remedy selected in the Sites 1996 ROD consisted ofthe following remedial components for source control in soil and sediment

Implement institutional controls (ie fencing (cumenfiy considered an engineering control) and deed restrictions) Demolish tank fanii pads east ofthe liquid processing building (East Warehouse) and dispose ofthe debris offsite Excavate material from the fonner sulfur pit and dispose of excavated materials offsite Neutralize soil in place if located in areas where sulfur is present but inaccessible Excavate contaminated surface soil and sediment (zero to two feet) where concentrations exceed soil cleanup goals Biologically treat contaminated surface soil and sediment

bull Place treated soil back on site

Major components ofthe ground water remedy selected in the 1996 ROD include

bull Extract contaminated ground water bull Treat contaminated ground water to meet surface water discharge standards bull Discharge treated ground water to on-site ponds or to the Tampa Bypass Canal

under a National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System pemiit bull Place controls on Site to restrict the use of ground water beneath the Site through

the filing of deed notices in order to limit exposure to contaminated ground water until cleanup goals are met

The 1996 ROD selected cleanup goals for contaminants of concem (COCs) in both ground water and surface soil (Table 2) As Site data suggested that sediments with pesticide contamination attributable to the Site were primarily present in drainage ditches that were typically dry remediation of sediment in Site drainage features was to be managed using the surface soil cleanup goals protective of hunian health The 1996 ROD also selected a confingency remedy for Site soil and sediment If treatability studies demonstrated that the selected biological treatinent remedy could not achieve the performance standards listed in Table 2 low temperature themial desorption (LTTD) was to be used in lieu ofthe biological treatnient

Table 2 COCs and Cleanup Goals

bull bull - y y Contaminant of Concern

44-dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (44-DDT) Aldrin Alpha-benzene hexachloride (Alpha-BHC) Beta-benzene hexachloride (Beta-BHC) Gamma-benzene hexachloride (Gamma-BHC) Chlordane Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane (DDD) Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) Dieldrin Endosulfan 1 Endosulfan II Heptachlor Heptachlor epoxide Total xylenes Toxaphene

Ground Water 7 Cleanup Goal

(micrograms per liter ^gL)

03

005

005

01

02

NA NA NA NA 01

7

2 NA NA 20 NA

Surface Soil and Sediment Cleanup Goal

(milligrams per kilogram mgkg)

NA

018

047

NA

NA

23 126 89 89

019 NA NA 067 034 NA 276

NA not applicable

19

In January 2005 EPA issued an Explanation of Significant Differences (ESD) to modify part ofthe remedy described in the 1996 ROD The purpose ofthe ESD was to modify the xylene cleanup goal for ground water from 20 micrograms per liter (|JgL) per the Florida secondary maximum contaminant level (MCL) to 10000 (igL per the State and federal primary MCL Secondary MCLs are non-mandatory standards under the Superfund prograin and are not enforceable by EPA however they are a component of the State of Floridas drinking water statute State and federal primary MCLs are enforceable standards established to protect the public against consumption of drinking water that presents a risk to huinan health The ESD also called for continued monitoring ofthe effecfiveness ofthe xylene treatnient and for evaluation of further remedial actions should the presence of xylene a solvent mobilize residual soil pesticide contaminants into ground water

42 Remedy Implementation

Remedial design and remedial actions for soil sediment and ground water at the Site are being implemented by the Helena Chemical Company under a 1996 Unilateral Administrative Order An additional Consent Decree was filed in 2005 for EPA to recover past and future costs incurred and to require Helena Cheinical Conipany to pay EPA oversight costs at the Site and at a separate Site in South Carolina also owned by Helena Chemical Coinpany

Soil and Sediment Source Control

In 1999 additional grid-based sampling was conducted in the xylene source area (east of the East Warehouse building) to detemiine the boundaries for the soil removal excavation Bench-scale studies were performed by EPAs Ecosystems Research Division and EPAs Science and Ecosystems Support Division to investigate the effectiveness of incorporating zero-valent iron in soil to facilitate abiotic degradation of chlorinated pesticides These studies were implemented in 1999 but were tenninated early due to lack of measurable COC degradation Helena Chemical Company then explored the option of using the Xenorein bioremediation process which had been successfijlly implemented on the adjacent Stauffer Chemical Co (Tampa) Superfund site The extent of contamination prevented direct application ofthe Xenorem approach at the Site Helena Chemical Conipany learned however that an off-site disposal facility the Waste Management Inc hazardous waste treatment facility in Carlyss Louisiana (facility nuniber LAD0007772010P1) had been authorized to bioremediate wastes in July 1998 and could potentially accept the excavated Site materials for bioremediafion at the off-site facility EPA approved the change from on-site to off-site treatinent and disposal of contaminated soil and sediment in a letter dated Febmary 14 2000

The 1996 ROD had also stipulated LTTD as a contingency soil treatment should biological treatinent be ineffective EPA requested this contingency be explored in 1999 Helena Chemical Coinpany retained Focus Environmental Inc to perfonn the evaluation ofthe contingency treatinent The evaluation concluded that LTTD was not a practical remedy for the Site primarily due to concems related to elevated sulfijr concentrations in

20

soil which would require air pollution controls to remove acid gas generated by the treatnient as well as space limitations on the Site which would not pemiit an efficient layout and operafion ofthe treatment and material handling units

In 2000 Helena Chemical Conipany excavated 7700 tons of pesticide-contaminated soil fi-om the Site including the xylene source area and an additional 600 tons of pesticide-contaminated soil and sediment from the drainage ditch area along the CSX railway right-of-way just south ofthe Site Soil was transported to the Waste Manageinent Inc facility in Carlyss Louisiana for bioremediation andoff-site disposal Surface soils were excavated to a depth of two feet According to the 1996 ROD the water table in the area fluctuates between two and four feet bgs Therefore the excavation of surface soils to two feet bgs would address soil contaminafion above the water table but not contaniination existing below the water table The excavation areas were lined with an --indicator fabric prior to backfilling the areas with clean inaterials and seeded with grass where appropriate

Delineation activifies to detemiine the extent of sulfur contaniination in the fonner sulfur pit area were perfonned from 2001 through 2003 and remedial work was perfomied in two separate phases A metal building covering much ofthe area where sulfijr remedial work was to be perfonned was dismanfled and transported offsite for recycling During phase 1 remedial work performed in 2004 soil and concrete were excavated from the elevated loading dock area and the west side ofthe tank fann for off-site treatinent and disposal During phase II remedial work perfonned in 2005 soil and concrete were excavated from the northem tank fann and fonner warehouse boundaries Approximately 3000 tons of soil and crystallized (fomierly molten) sulfur were removed during the 2004 and 2005 removal activities and also shipped to the Waste Management Inc facility in Carlyss Louisiana for off-site disposal

The 2005 ESD changed the xylene ground water cleanup goal from 20 |JgL to 10000 ^gL Since the presence of xylene in ground water could mobilize residual pesticide contamination in soil into ground water the ESD included post-treatment monitoring of the xylene area This monitoring includes all COCs established in the 1996 ROD and a specific assessment of whether the remaining xylene concentrations are sufficiently low to ensure that cosolvency is not facilitating the transport of residual pesticides that might be lingering in the soil If cosolvency is found to be mobilizing residual pesticide contaminants fi-om soil to ground water this assessment will be used to detennine whether further active treatment of xylene to below the federal and state primary standard is necessary

Ground Water

The ground water remedy described in the 1996 ROD has not yet been implemented at the Site due to discovery of contaminafion and investigations at the adjacent Alaric Site and concems that the selected remedy would potentially cause further contaminafion of the aquifer systems Altemative ground water treatments are currently being investigated in the pilot-scale treatability study underway at the Site Supplemental data collection and

21

ground water plume delineafion studies began in 1998 Ground water sampling perfonned in existing surficial aquifer and intemiediate aquifer system monitoring wells in Febmary 1998 resulted in the installation of additional surficial aquifer wells south of the Site to further delineate the nature and extent of contaniination The results ofthis study also detemiined the need for further investigation of ground water contamination in the xylene area (location of 1977 release immediately east ofthe East Warehouse on the Site Figure 3) in the sulfijr area (locafion ofthe fonner sulfiir pit in central courtyard on the Site Figure 3) and in the intemiediate aquifer system

Field activities to address the recommendations ofthe Febmary 1998 investigation were implemented in April 2001 Eight additional monitoring wells (MW-24 through MW-31 Figure 2) were installed south and east ofthe Site on City of Tampa rights-of-way to monitor the extent of contamination in the surficial aquifer Contamination was also identified in shallow areas ofthe intermediate aquifer system Ground water sampling and supplemental field activities were perfonned from October 2002 through January 2003 These activities included intennediate aquifer invesfigations xylene source area invesfigations downgradient surficial aquifer monitoring well installation and sulfur area invesfigations Additional intermediate aquifer system monitoring wells (MW-32 and MW-33 Figure 2) were installed along Orient Road during a November 2002 comprehensive ground water sampling event The new wells were installed to provide intemiediate monitoring points for xylene pesficide and herbicide contamination

While the 2002 and 2003 field acfivities were being perfonned significant chlorinated solvent contamination from the adjacent Alaric Site was discovered in both the surficial aquifer and intennediate aquifer systems this contamination was commingling with the westem portion ofthe Sites ground water plume The implementation ofthe ground water pump-and-treat remedy selected for the Site had the potential to exacerbate contaminant plume migration from the Alaric Site For this reason EPA detennined that implementation ofthe pump-and-treat remedy for the Site should be delayed until delineation and remediation ofthe surficial aquifer at the Alaric Site is completed

Additional comprehensive ground water sampling events were perfonned in May 2005 to provide a baseline for water quality following complefion ofthe sulfur area removal acfions and in December 2006 to detennine current condifions across the monitoring well network Selected wells were also sampled in March August and November 2007 and January 2008 to gauge the overall effectiveness ofthe sulfur area removal in addressing source contaminafion ofthe surficial aquifer Given the probability that the selected pump-and-treat remedy for ground water at the Site would be incompatible with ground water treatnient activities being designed at the adjacent Alaric Site several altemafive management approaches to address ground water contamination in the sulfur area and associated plume were explored

In June 2009 Helena Chemical Conipany presented EPA with a Pilot Test and Interim Monitoring Work Plan to address ground water contamination without implementing the pump-and-treat remedy EPA approved the Work Plan in August 2009 and implementation began in August 2009 The pilot study is expected to last for one year

22

with an additional one-year contingency period The work plan addresses four critical areas of source control and monitoring the sulfur area the xylene area supplemental monitoring efforts and interim ground water monitoring activities while pilot testing is underway

Sulfijr Area Pilot Study

The pilot study objecfive in the sulfijr area is to detennine whether buffering pH and introducing zero-valent iron will allow natural degradation of benzene hexachloride (BHC) and sulfates in the source area through biological or physical mechanisms Low pH elevated sulfate and residual sulfiir in the sulfur area are thought to be inhibiting natural biological degradation processes and minimizing the physical attenuafion of contaminants within the aquifer-matrix which would typically occur through adsorpfion-and aqueous chemical reactions such as hydrolysis Given the residual sulfur in the soil which continues to act as a long-term source for sulfuric acid sulfate control was required in addition to pH controls Zero-valent iron was selected as the primary pilot study treatment technology for the sulfur area because it has been used effectively to facilitate abiofic degradation of BHCs is effecfive at moderating pH and acts as an oxygen scavenger limiting any future oxidafion of residual sulfur in the soil Additional neutralization with lime andor hydroxides and biological sulfate reduction may also be utilized to control pH levels if necessary

Two sulfur study areas known as the East Plot and the West Plot have been implemented in the central courtyard ofthe Site on either side ofthe fomier sulfur pit location (Figure 3) Each plot consists of eight injection wells Cheinical injections were administered in the third quarter of 2009 and sampling is being conducted at 60-day interals for the 360 days following the injections

Xylene Area Pilot Study

The xylene pilot test was designed to gauge the effectiveness of anaerobic biodegradatlon in degrading xylene and residual BHCs Total xylene concentrafions have declined since the 2000 soil removal action in the former xylene tank area but have remained above cleanup goals Site conditions such as low pH lack of nutrients and lack of electron accepting substrates (eg nitrate iron and sulfate) were thought to be limiting xylene and BHC degradadon The pilot test also sought to increase degradation rates without introducing treatments that would complicate efforts in the adjacent sulfijr pilot study bull area so the xylene treatinent was designed in consideration ofthe existing anaerobic Site conditions

One xylene pilot study area was implemented in the fonner xylene tank area (Figure 3) The plot includes six injection wells and 12 monitoring wells The first round of nutrient and electron acceptor substrate injections was perfonned in the third quarter of 2009 and the second round of injections was perfomied in the fourth quarter of 2009 As with the sulfijr pilot study area sampling is being conducted at 60-day intervals for the 360 days following the first round of injections

23

Monitoring Acfivities

Supplemental monitoring efforts in the work plan include installation of monitoring wells on the Fesfive Floats property located directly south ofthe Site on the opposite side of the CSX railway tracks and addifional investigation to detemiine the northem extent of low pH and elevated sulfate and BHC concentrations Until a revised ground water remedy is selected for the Site interini ground water monitoring activities in both the surficial and intermediate aquifer systems will include sampling every nine months to assess seasonal variability in concentrations and monitor for any changes in COC concentrations

24

Figure 3 Map of Pilot Study Area

r

SWTBD

swTZD s w n u

StfT-HD A I ^ raquoswr3u SWTU

swrsu

West Warehouse

SETTO SET1U

SET3U SETD A y A J

I SETSD

sensD raquo SETsu

5ET7U

X40

XI6D

^^xth 7 -^ ^IZD-- ^

_ X S U X8D B^=^X12tJ bull bull X l fU

X8U xi f lD

Legend

bull Surflclat Adulter Sulfur Arlaquoa P M Test Wall

Surlicii i AquHler Xylene Area Ptky Test Ir^ctnsn MHI

bull Suifidal Aquilei Xylene Area Pikx Tesl Monilming Well

I Sile Bounoaiv J Fee 90 too

L 7WL o NORTH

Figure 3 Site Map

Pilot Study Areas

Helena Chemical Company Superfund Site Tampa Hillsborough County Flonda

Disclaimer This map and any boundary lines within the map are approximate and subject to change The map is not a survey The map is for informational purposes only regarding EPAs response actions at the Site and is not intended for any other purpose

25

43 Operation and Maintenance (OampM)

The 1996 ROD anticipated that the ground water pump-and-treat system would be operated at the Site for a 30-year period and estimated that OampM ofthe system would cost $1289000 over the course ofthe 30 years The ground water remedy selected in the 1996 ROD has not yet been implemented due to developments at the adjacent Alaric Site and ongoing pilot testing at the Site As remedial activities continue with pilot testing there are no OampM acfivities undei-way at the Site and the activities to be addressed in a site OampM plan will depend on the future revised remedy for ground water for the Site

26

50 Progress Since the Last Five-Year Review

The protectiveness statement from the 2006 FYR for the Site stated the following

77^ remedy implemenled at the [Helena Chemical Company Tampa Site currently protects human health and the environment because source area actions implemented for pesticide-contaminated soil and the sulfur pit source area have been completed during this review period Additional evaluations of low pH conditions will be performed to assess the need for supplemental neutralization in conjunction with future groundwater actions No remedial actions for groundwater have been implemented at this time Site data evaluations and remedy evaluations will ensure the remedy will be protective In the interim exposure pathways that could result in unacceptable risks are incomplete Conditions-at the site are not expected to change in the near future given the area s land use (commercialindustrial) However in order for the remedy to be protective in the long term the following actions need to be taken a full evaluation ofthe need for deed reslriclions and if necessary they will be imposed

The 2006 FYR included three issues and recommendafions Table 3 summarizes each recommendation and its current status

Table 3 Progress on Recommendations from the 2006 FYR

Section

51

Recommendations

EPA FDEP and Helena Chemical Company will discuss ground water remedy issues including the need for fijrther assessment of natural attenuation processes Dialogue will generate a priority list for evaluation identify evaluation teclmiques and establish an evaluation timetable Ground water remedy discussions will be initiated by the second quarter of 2006

Parties Responsible

EPA FDEP Helena

Chemical Company

Milestone Date

4302006

Action Taken and Ontcome

Discussions between EPA FDEP and Helena Chemical Company have resulted in the development of a pilot testing work plan to explore treatment options for enliancing biological and physical degradation processes This pilot study was initiated in August 2009

Date of Action

08312009

27

Section

52

53

Recommendations

EPA FDEP and Helena Chemical Company will evaluate ylene source area issues Discussions will include prioritization of any additional RD activities evaluation of remedial cleanup goals etc Xylene remedy discussions will be initiated by the first quarter of 2006

Helena Chemical Company will evaluate the requirements for implementing deed restrictions on the property and whether any remedy-specific requirements must be incorporated into the institutional control A fiill evaluation ofthe need for deed restrictions will be made and if necessary they will be imposed This evaluation will be completed by the fourth quarter of 2006

Parties Responsible

EPA FDEP Helena

Chemical Company

Helena Chemical Company

Milestone Date

4302006

12312006

Action Taken and Outcome-

Pilot test program discussions between EPA FDEP and Helena Chemical Company have resulted in the development of a work plan to explore effectiveness of anaerobic degradation of xylene and BHCs This pilot study was initiated in August 2009

EPA and FDEP are is discussions regarding the restrictive covenant for the Sites soil in order to prevent exposure Land use zoning is consistent vvith soil cleanup criteria and land use is not anticipated to change in the foreseeable future Ground water institutional controls are enforced through an EPA Memorandum of Agreement with the Southwest Florida Water Management District

Date of Action

08312009

Pending

51 Ground Water Remedy Discussions

The ground water pump-and-treat remedy selected in the 1996 ROD has not been implemented due to potential complications arising from commingling ofthe Sites ground water contaminants with those from the adjacent Alaric Site A Pilot Study and Interini Monitoring Work Plan was approved by EPA and implementation began in August 2009 The Work Plan describes the investigafion of chemical injecfions to enhance and facilitate natural physical and biological degradation rates for contaminants in the sulfiir area and in the xylene area The study is designed to assess the following questions

bull Is degradation occurring under pilot conditions

bull Can aquifer geochemistry be adjusted to facilitate remediafion

bull What is the longevity of amendments being injected

28

bull What zone of discharge is developed following injection and what is the expected duration ofthe zone of discharge

The study was scheduled to continue for 12 months with a contingency period of another 12 months if necessary At the conclusion ofthe study these questions will be addressed to detennine next steps in selecting an appropriate ground water remedy for the Site A final report documenting the effecfiveness ofthe first full year ofthe treatability study was not available at the fime this FYR report was drafted therefore a decision regarding whether to implement the additional 12 month contingency period had also not been made

52 Xylene Source Area Discussions

As noted in Section 51 EPA approved the Pilot Study and Interini Monitoring Work Plan in 2009 Per the Work Plan two rounds of nutrient and electron acceptor substrate were injected in the xylene area in late 2009 The injections are expected to enhance natural degradafion rates of xylene and BHCs sampling is being conducted every 60 days The study was scheduled to continue for 12 months with a contingency period of another 12 months if necessary A final report documenting the effectiveness ofthe first full year ofthe treatability study was not available at the time this FYR report was drafted therefore a decision regarding whether to implement the additional 12 month contingency period had also not been made

53 Institutional Controls Evaluation

At the request of FDEP the appropriate land use restrictions for the Site has not been yet been implemented While the ground water remedy is being assessed some interim institutional controls to protect against exposure to ground water contamination have been implemented The Site is presently surrounded by a secured perimeter fence that only pennits access to the property by authorized persons during regular business hours Helena Chemical Company intends to continue Site operations for the foreseeable future and does not intend to sell or lease the property so there is minimal potential for a party to unknowingly become exposed to Site soil or sediment contaniination or to impact the protectiveness ofthe remedial actions already in place The operating facility parcel is zoned light industrial the three Helena Woods parcels are zoned as either vacant land or as a mobile home park The local Planning Commission anticipates all four parcels will be zoned for heavy industrial use in the future which remains consistent with the industrial criteria used in selection of cleanup goals for the Site

EPA has also taken steps to limit the potential for exposure to contaminated Site ground water while ground water treatment pilot testing activities are completed In September 2008 EPA Region 4 and the Southwest Florida Water Management District (SWFWMD) entered into a Memorandum of Agreement regarding Site ground water Per the agreement EPA provides SWFWMD with infonnation regarding the area of ground water impacted or potentially impacted by the Site and SWFWMD acts as the regulatory authority to implement and enforce ground water use restrictions at and near

29

the Site The ground water area impacted by the Site is designated as Zone A marking the contamination zone and Zone B marking a buffer area surrounding Zone A The agreement stipulates that EPA must conduct a well survey of Zones A and B at least once every five years to identify any new wells constructed or operafing since the previous survey EPA remedial project manager (RPM) Galo Jackson conducted the first well survey concurrenfiy with the FYR Site inspection and identified two wells (Figure 2) One well was located along East 9 Avenue on the EQ Florida property in Zone A The second well was located along East 7 Avenue on the RampL Metals property in Zone B SWFWMD was notified of these wells in September 2010 The well in Zone A is currenUypemiitted for industrial use by EQ Florida and the well in Zone B has been plugged and abandoned on the RampL Metals property

SWFWMD has the authority to impose reasonable condifions necessary to protect the applicable water source and to prevent the spread of ground or surface water contaminafion For well construcfion pennits such conditions include prohibiting use of the well as a potable water supply requiring notice to well owners of potential ground water contamination or requiring specific methods ofconstruction Under Florida Administrafive Code (FAC) Rule 40D-3505(3) SWFWMD will deny an application for a well construction pemiit for activity in Zone A if use ofthe well would increase the potential for hanii to public health safety and welfareor if the proposed well would degrade the water quality ofthe aquifer by causing pollutants to spread

30

60 Five-Year Review Process

61 Administrative Components

EPA Region 4 initiated the FYR in May 2010 and scheduled its completion for January 2011 The EPA site review team was led by EPA RPM Galo Jackson and also included EPA site attomey Kevin Beswick EPA Community Involvement Coordinator (CIC) LTonya Spencer and contractor support provided to EPA by Christy Fielden and Sabrina Foster of E Inc In May 2010 EPA held a scoping call with the review team to discuss the Site and itenis of interest as they related to the protectiveness ofthe remedy cunently in place A review schedule was established that consisted ofthe following activities

Community notification Document review Data collection and review Site inspection Local interviews FYR Report development and review

62 Community Involvement

In January 2011 a public notice was published in the Tampa Tribune announcing the commencement ofthe FYR process for the Site providing contact information for RPM Galo Jackson and CIC LTonya Spencer and invifing community participation was published The press notice is available in Appendix B The FYR report will be made available to the public once it has been finalized Copies ofthis docunient will be placed in the designated site repository University of South Florida Library located at 4202 East Fowler Avenue Tampa Florida 33620 Upon completion ofthe FYR a public notice will be placed in the Tampa Tribune to announce the availability ofthe final FYR report in the Sites document repository

63 Document Review

This FYR included a review of relevant site-related documents including the ROD remedial action reports and recent monitoring data A complete list ofthe documents reviewed can be found in Appendix A

ARARs Review

Section 121(d)(2)(A) of CERCLA specifies that Superfund remedial actions must meet any federal standards requirements criteria or limitations that are detennined to be applicable or relevant and appropriate requirements (ARARs) ARARs are those standards criteria or limitations promulgated under federal or state law that specifically address a hazardous substance pollutant contaminant remedial action locafion or other circumstance at a CERCLA site To-Be-Considered criteria (TBCs) are non-promulgated

31

advisories and guidance that are not legally binding but should be considered in detennining the necessary level of cleanup for protection of human health or the environment While TBCs do not have the status of ARARs EPAs approach to detemiining ifan RA is protective of hunian health and the environment involves consideration of TBCs along with ARARs

Chemical-specific ARARs are specific numerical concentration restrictions on individually listed contaminants in specific media Examples of chemical-specific ARARs include the MCLs specified under the Safe Drinking Water Act as well as the ambient water quality criteria enumerated under the Clean Water Act Because there are usually numerous contaminants of potential concem for any Site various numerical quanfity requirements can be ARARs The final remedy selected for this Site was designed to meet or exceed all chemical-specific ARARs and meet location- and action-specific ARARs

Ground Water

According to the 1996 ROD cleanup goals for the nine ground water COCs were selected to ensure that remaining ground water concentrations would not exceed the 1 x 10~ risk level for carcinogens a Hazard Quotient (HQ) of 1 for non-carcinogens under an industrial land use scenario The cleanup goals for 44-DDT endosulfan 1 and endosulfan II were selected based on health-based criteria The site-specific health-based cleanup goal for 44-DDT was less stringent than Floridas ground water guidance and the ROD notes that the cleanup goal may need to be revisited in the future to obtain FDEPs agreement with deletion ofthe Site from the NPL upon completion of cleanup activities

Cleanup goals for aldrin alpha-BHC beta-BHC and dieldrin were based on the Florida Groundwater Guidance Concentration which is a TBC for the Site The cleanup goal for total xylene listed in the 1996 ROD was selected based on the State secondary MCL but was later modified in the 2005 ESD to be consistent with federal and State primary MCLs The cleanup goal for gamma-BHC was selected based on federal and State MCLs

The ARARs for aldrin alpha-BHC beta-BHC and dieldrin were compared to the current Florida Groundwater and Surface Water Contaminant Cleanup Target Levels (62 FAC 777) which is the cuirent State guidance on acceptable ground water contaminant concentrations (Table 4) The ARARs for all four of these COCs have become more stringent since the signing ofthe 1996 ROD The cleanup goals for gamma-BHC and total xylene were compared with National Primary Drinking Water regulations (40 CFR 141-143) and FDEP Drinking Water Standards Monitoring and Reporting Requirements (62 FAC 550310) The cleanup goals for gamma-BHC and total xylene remain the same as in the 1996 ROD and 2005 ESD respectively This review did not find that the assumptions used in calculation ofthe site-specific health-based cleanup goals for 44-DDT endosulfan I and endosulfan II had changed

32

Table 4 Previous and 2010 ARARs for Ground Water COCs

Contaminant of Concern bull bull bull bull ^ - gt J j J bull

44-DDT Aldrin Alpha-BHC Beta-BHC Gamma-BHC Dieldrin Endosulfan I Endosulfan II Total xvlenes

1996 ROD ARAROigL)

03 005 005 01 02 01 2 2

20

2005 ESD ARAR (ugL) r

mdash -mdash mdash mdash mdash mdash mdash

10000

2010 ARAR (UgL)

03 0002 0006 002 02-

0002= 2 7

10000

ARAR Change y - y bull

None More Stringent More Stringent More Stringent

None More Stringent

None None None

a Site-specific health-based standaid selecled to ensure tlial remaining ground waler concenirations would nol exceed lhe 1 x 10 risk level for carcinogens an HQ of 1 Ior non-carcinogens or the inslRimenl quantitation limit under an industrial land use scenaiio

b Cleanup goal selecled based on Florida Groundwater Guidance Concenlralion which is a TBC for ihc Sile c Cleanup goal selecled based on federal and Florida MCLs d Cleanup goal selected based on Florida secondary MCLs e Florida Groundwater and Surface Waler Cleanup Target Levels are available al

lmpAvwwdepslatenuswasicqiiick ionicsrulcsdocunieiils62-777TablelGroundwalciCTLs4-l 7-05ndllaccessed 8122010) A comparison of Floridas 1999 and 2005 Groundwater and Surface Waler Cleanup Target Levels is available al hllpu-vvvvdenslatenuswaslequick lopicsnublicalionswcbrownlicldsConipTabiesGroundwalerandSurli ccVValerCieaniipTartJelL evelspdf

f Cunent MCLs are based on federal (40 CFR 141-1431 and slate (62 FAC 550310) drinking waler slandards Federal standards are based on Nalional Primary and Secondaiy Drinking Waler Maximum Contaminant Levels (IU(p7valcrcpacovdrinkconlaininanlsindexcrniSLisi accessed S122010) and slale standards are based on Florida Slale Drinking Waler Synthetic Organic Conlajuinanls and their Slandards (hU|iwwwdcpslalciluswalerdrinkinswalersvn conlum accessed S122010)

g Gamma-BHC is lisied as lindane in federal and state MCLs

64 Data Review

Confinnatory sampling for the 2000 pesticide area removal action and for the 2004 and 2005 sulfijr area removal actions was perfonned immediately following the removals Surface soil and sediment with COC concentrations above industrial use cleanup goals had been effectively removed and no further sampling or OampM activities are required for surface soil and sediment

Ground water pilot test activities cunently underway include baseline sampling and four subsequent sampling events for the sulfur area (Table 5) and the xylene area (Table 6) The treatability study sampling events have been implemented as follows

Baseline sampling in August 2009 60-Day Event sampling in November 2009 120-Day Event sampling in January 2010 180-Day Event sampling in March 2010 and 240-Day Event sampling in May 2010

The pilot test is invesfigating methods for the biological and physical degradation of Site contaminants Follow-up sampling analyzes various aqueous geochemical parameters in addition to contaminant concentrations Per the EPA-approved work plan routine sampling analyses include four of the nine ground water COCs alpha-BHC beta-BHC

33

gamma-BHC and total xylenes in addition to various other contaminants and break-down products

In both the sulfur area and the xylene area ground water concentrations of alpha-BHC beta-BHC and gamma-BHC have predominantly remained consistent with baseline sampling levels and largely remain elevated above cleanup goals for the Site In the sulfur area total xylene concentrations in ground water when detected are well below the cleanup goal of 10000 igL The xylene release at the Site occurred downgradient from the fomier sulfur pit and these low concentrations of xylene are consistent with expectations for this area In the xylene area total xylene concentrations are responding to the treatment showing declines below the cleanup goal in several wells (eg X3U X5U X9U and XI IU) but showing increasing concentrations in other wells (eg X6D X7U and X8D) Only data fromthe first nine months ofthe treatability study were mdash available at the time this FYR report was being drafted detennination ofthe effectiveness of these treatments must wait until the study has been completed

Ofthe site-related VOCs present in the ground water plume only xylene and possibly ethylbenzene are present in the surficial aquifer and poses a potential vapor intrusion concem Remedial contractor EnSafe Inc included an updated total xylene plume map as Figure 5-5 in the 2009 Pilot Test and Interim Monitoring Work Plan This figure shows that concentrations at or above the xylene ground vater cleanup goal are located on the Helena Chemical Conipany property along the CSX Railroad right-of-way or under the railroad tracks The few buildings within this plume area are open-sided warehouse structures on the Helena Chemical Company property and thus a vapor intmsion assessment has not been necessary

Table 5 Sulfur Area Pilot Test COC Detections in Ground Water to Date

Well Sampled

Sampling Event

(Cleanup Goal)

COCs and Detected Concentrations (pgL)

Alpha-BHC

(005 pgL)

Beta-BHC -yy (01 pgL)

Gamma-BHC

(02 pgL)

Total Xylenes

(10000 pgL)

Ecw Plot Wells

SETIU

SET2D

SET3U

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

23 D

31

17

19

24

44 D

39

26

26

38

22

19

33 J

36 1

4

25

29

12 D

045

056

059

086

3

41

43 J

68

42

57

52

11 D

066

044

047

07

55

39 1

191

NA

0461

NA

31

U

NA

033 I

NA

082

58

NA

34

J y -Well

Sampled

SET4D

SET5U

SET6D

SET7U

SET8D

Sampling Event

(Cleanup Goal)

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

1 so-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

y y j COCs and Detected Concentrations (pgL)

Alpha-BHC

(005 pgL)

17

17

28

41 D

62

37

3

37

21 D

bull 17

13

26

34

97 D

46

44

28

63

12

14

11

11

14

47

36

32

39

47

Beta-BHC

(OI pgL)

33

21

3

061 J

15

094

0461

- 068

36

41

47

4

61

12

12

095

078 1

075

13

16 1

13

15

15

087

073

064

08 1

076

Gamma-BHC

(02 pgL)

44

341

57

074 J

087

12

046 1

- - 052

39

37 1

31

51

48

11

082 1

05

04 1

043

32

27

28

23

28

1

14

11

1 I

095

Total Xylenes

(10000 pgL)

86

NA

7

171

NA

11 1

NA

036

64

NA

3

NA

39

25

NA

76

NA

56

21

NA

35

NA

15

U

NA

33

NA

17

laquocv Plot Wells

SWTIU

SWT2D

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

1 so-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

19 IJ

099

14

13

22

048 J

U

U

0031

063 J

053

052

06

075

023 J

U

U

014

U

032

038

03

059

U

U

U

000941

U

NA

U

NA

U

0441

NA

07 1

NA

35

Well Sampled

SWT3U

SWT4D

SWT5U

SWT6D

SWT7U

SWT8D

-bull i

Sampling Event

(Cleanup Goal)

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

COCs and Detected Concentrations (pgL)

Alpha-BHC

(005 pgL)

U

075 J

18

13

14

22

073

018 --

U

U

U

51

U

16

41

18

037 J

073

056

057

061

039

029

045

059

073

028

02

015

016

011

Beta-BHC

(01 pgL)

U

021

079

035

033

047

036

- 0094

U

U

U

26

23

093

022 1

036

029 1

033

022

U

026

03

039

047

057

051

U

013

011

U

0056

Gamtiia-BHC

(02 pgL)

U

u 029

0084

019

022

U

012

011

012

U

24

24

08

052

U

U

0031 I

U

U

U

U

U

u u u u

00171

002 I J

U

U

Total Xylenes

(10000 pgL)

U n

NA

U

NA

069

U

NA

U

NA

U

72

NA

73

NA

60

36

NA

U

NA

U

U

NA

U

NA

U

92

NA

U

NA

U

D value reported from second diluiion 1 eslimaled valuebelow reporting limil J eslimaled value NA nol analyzed U undetected fitilic- COC was detected bul concentration was below cleanup goal

36

Table 6 Xylene Area Pilot Test COC Detections in Ground Water to Date

yy-

J j Well Sampled

XIU

X2D

X3U

X4D

X5U

X6D

X7U

Sampling Event

(Cleanup Goal)

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

_Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

COCs and Detected Concentrations (pgL)

Alpha-BHC

(005 pgL)

8 D

NA

NA

56

NA

71

NA

NA

58 J

NA

15D

NA

NA

15

NA

12D

NA

NA

23

NA

78 D

NA

NA

44 J

NA

52 D

NA

NA

28 J

NA

61 D

NA

NA

46

NA

Beta-BHC

(01 pgL)

19 D

NA

NA

13 J

NA

17

NA

NA

17J

NA

3 J

NA

NA

36

NA

13J

NA

NA

13 1

NA

093 ID

NA

NA

08 J

NA

091 ID

NA

NA

07 J

NA

12D

NA

NA

089

NA

Gamma-BHC

(02 pgL)

U

NA

NA

U

NA

071 I

NA

NA

14 J

NA

046 J

NA

NA

bull056

NA

42 J

NA

NA

82

NA

U

NA

NA

O I J

NA

38 D

NA

NA

2 J

NA

U

NA

NA

U

NA

Total Xylene

(10000 pgL)

200

13

11

23

29

180

56

54

150

42

23000

11000

13000

1400

4500

19000

12000

19000

22000

15000

18000

21000

20000

3200

13000

3000

1100

6000

40000

3000

24000

31000

37000

81000

34000

37

Well Sampled

X8D

X9U

bull XIOD

X l l U

X12D

Sampling Event

(Cleanup Goal)

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

COCs and Detected Concentrations (pgL)

Alpha-BHC

(005 pgL)

57

NA

NA

21 J

NA

39

NA

NA

53

NA

43

NA

NA

59

NA

81

NA

NA

49

NA

39

NA

NA

56

NA

Beta-BHC

(01 pgL)

14

NA

NA

018 U

NA

021 I

NA

NA

026 J

NA

049

NA

NA

061 I

NA

097

NA

NA

075 1

NA

064 1

NA

NA

093 ID

NA

Gamma-BHC

(02 pgL)

12

NA

NA

057 U

NA

025 1

NA

NA

017 J

NA

45

NA

NA

7

NA

U

NA

NA

U

NA

16

NA

NA

34

NA

Total Xylene

(10000 pgL)

960

7100

27000

19000

5700

22000

14000

35000

2700

950

770

260

780

760

540

14000

3800

1600

600

11000

4900

250

I I00

5800

9300 D value reponed from second dilution 1 eslimaled value below reponing limit J estimated value NA nol analyzed U not applicable Ilalics COC was delecled bul concenlralion was below cleanup goal

38

65 Site Inspection

On July 8 2010 the site inspection was perfomied by the following participants Galo Jackson of EPA Region 4 Edward Brister ofthe Helena Chemical Coinpany and Christy Fielden and Sabrina Foster of E~ Inc The completed Site inspection checklist is available in Appendix D Photographs were taken of site features including monitoring wells and access controls (Appendix E)

The Site has been in continuous operation since 1929 as an agricultural chemical manufacturing and distributing facility The bulk of chemical fonnulation activifies have been moved off-site to a different Helena Cheinical Coinpany facility in Georgia however some formulation and packaging of insecticidal spray oil and liquid fertilizers still occur at the Site The Site also serves as Helena Chemical Companys main-distribution warehouse for sales locations in the State of Florida

The Site inspection was led by Mr Ed Brister the Engineering Safety Health and Environment Director for the Helena Chemical Company who provided a tour ofthe full Helena Chemical Coinpany property indicating where remedial actions had been implemented and explaining the locations and associated activifies of current pilot testing for the ground water treatability study Several monitoring and injection wells were located during the Site inspection all active site wells were properly secured or had been appropriately abandoned Injection and monitoring wells for the adjacent Alaric Site were noted on the Helena Woods area ofthe Site but were not inspected since they are related to a different site The Site is well maintained and has a secure perimeter fence and clear signage in place Unauthorized persons are restricted from accessing the property outside of regular business hours

Evaluation and implementafion of institutional controls were discussed during the Site inspection Several interim institutional controls have been implemented for the Site and final institutional controls including land use restrictions will be evaluated and implemented if necessary once the current pilot-scale ground water remedy treatability study has concluded and a revised ground water remedy has been selected Zoning designations and the Helena Chemical Companys intention to continue operations at the Site for the foreseeable future liniit the potential for inappropriate land uses or on-site operations incompatible with remedy components in place EPA has also implemented ground water institutional controls through a Memorandum of Agreement with SWFWMD

On July 7 2010 E Inc staff conducted research regarding Site deed infonnation at the Hillsborough County Deed Records Office The approximately eight-acre Site is situated on four parcels of land 1) 65-acre Parcel A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000220 2) 088-acre Parcel A-14-29-I9-4CA-000000-000320 3) 092-acre Parcel A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000330 and 4) 017-acre Parcel A-14-29-19-4CE-000003-000010 (Figure 4) Deed records for the four parcels could not be located in the online database or microfilm collection at the deeds office Galo Jackson EPA RPM for the Site was infonned that the deeds could not be located and conducted a title search for the property through EPA

39

databases but was also unable to locate deed records According to the Hillsborough County Property Appraisers Office all four parcels are presently owned by Helena Chemical Company The active cheinical distribufion warehouse is located on Parcel A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000220

On July 8 2010 E Inc staff visited the designated local Site repository at the University of South Florida Library located at 4202 East Fowler Avenue Tampa Florida 33620 as part ofthe site inspection The site repository contained fourteen volumes of administrative documents and other infonnation pertaining to the Site This infomiation included documentation ofthe initial remedial investigation and feasibility study as well as a copy ofthe 1996 ROD The 2005 ESD and 2006 FYR could not be located at the time ofthe Site inspection but were provided to the library by RPM Galo Jackson on January 212011

The 1996 ROD called for institutional controls to be put in place as part of both the soil and sediment remedy and the ground water remedy (Table 7) According to the ROD soil and sediment institutional controls were to include deed restrictions Fencing was to provide an engineering control The Site is presently surrounded by a secured perimeter fence and access gates are locked outside of nonnal business hours The operating facility parcel is currently zoned as light industrial and the Helena Woods parcels are zoned as vacant land and a mobile home park The local Planning Commission anficipates rezoning all four parcels for heavy industrial use The fiature anficipated land use is consistent with the industrial exposure criteria used in the selection of Site cleanup goals The ROD also called for deed restrictions to restrict the use of site-impacted ground water on and off the Site in order to limit exposure to contaminated ground water until cleanup goals are achieved EPA and FDEP are in discussions regarding the restrictive covenant in order to prevent fijture exposure to Site soil A 2008 Memorandum of Agreement between EPA Region 4 and SWFWMD addresses the need to restrict the use of site-related ground water The agreement establishes regular communication between the two agencies and affinns SWFWMDs regulatory authority to implement and enforce ground water use restrictions at the Site This authority addresses well constmction pemiits restrictions on use of wells for potable water supply and requirements that well owners be notified of ground water contaniination that may impact their wells At the request ofthe FDEP once the treatability study is completed and a revised ground water remedy for the Site has been selected the need for additional ground water institutional controls will be reevaluated and the existing institutional controls will be modified or new institufional controls will be implemented as appropriate

40

Figure 4 Site Parcel Map

c

ir Pirtplm ( ^ r | [ i Vjrtrl ID ^r-iti-v-lt 14UtKu^iraquoiii 0

A u raquo114CA O cac i ao aociit o

1 U raquo 19 4CilltXXgt0la 000130

1laquo2raquo lraquo-CIltCT0lf7 0iraquo(l l

M laquo n lt ) laquo l lt raquo i i o D r poDin o bull i 4 m laquo - laquo i F o o a n i j - a x u ^ i

A 1lt 2 19 ICAdWOOO tUGStO

laquo bull raquo 2raquo 1laquo bullCtOOOOOI-OXWlO

laquollaquo-raquo-19-fCAltraquo)0CWgt-00Mlaquo C

A14-V41V( I 40uai IKAll lO

AM 29 1V4CE aJDOM aODIIlJ)

laquo Ll 29 raquo 2ZZ D a m B 7K1D9

laquobull I t-J ]9-4claquoltnnraquoiKnraquo o

A-i4-raquo-]laquoltif (KU)ittMraquoaii] u A 14 J 9 14 laquoCA IXHIraquoDC(Xrli t

A 14 29 1raquo 4CA OOOOOOOMUO

raquo 1 4 29-19-4CE OOOOOI-OWWO A- l J9- )bullbulllaquo s wnmn-flooiM t A 14-29- UI4ig4IOOM94UOraquolgt

A 14 2laquo 19 4C9 OODOOl 400070

M-raquo-H 4C8laquo)000(K)OOaj I

A r H - i S i v - t c A H n x i M m i i a i A^14)l|1laquo-t(jt-0(lIMCH3Xl^ I

14 2 raquo 19-4Cpound 000001000012

A U 29- U 4 a OOOOOKXWOl-O

raquo 14 29 19 -4a oaoooraquolaquo)oolaquoo

14 j m ^ c o o n w i ^ n o i o n

A-14-2ltl-tW l-UCtitKMfiOagtlil Atlt29 iraquo4(xiioaaoii-iioagtio

A 14 29 1raquo4CA DOaOOO-OOQlSJ

A-tlaquo ZHIUCA-IKOOIXMKICOZ 0

AH-Jlaquoltllaquoiiraquo-TOKIC8-0lltIlU 0

A-]429iezzz-i)iiaxB-7Moao

A 14 29 194CAlaquoXI00Ca0ata0

A 1429^ i9-4CA-iicaaixi-ooa2a 2

A14 29-19 4CHIOOlaquogt7KIlaquoIraquo 0

A-14 JV tlaquo-laquoii -uxiot-nnDi i

A14 2laquo ilaquo-4CAiiooacii]-aaoigo A 14 23 LO 4CMI00Oraquo OOOOlO

A 14 29-isacE-oooora-aotrao

A-t4-ii-lraquo-laquo A-ooooawwoK o

A lA-2V^lraquot(A-Igt]ltKcll-IIIiaiI I

A 14-29 19-raquoCf oocoos acooi-o

A 14 29 19 ACI OOmOl-OCOOll

A-W-29-19-4CI-aXK)07-OOOOTjO

Arl4-Jraquo llti-4n-O30O3V00COI c

A l4 2raquo l9 4Ulaquoraquo006-OOOa24l

A 14 29 19 4 a 000004 OOOOSjO

A 14 29-19-4CC-D0O00aOO0a3lCI

A t raquo 29-19-laquotA4laquoIO0OT-00CO9O

bull i4-2raquo^iltM( A-oniucu IXUltl 0

A 14 2raquo 19gt4CA4gt0O(ICa OOOISXI

A 14 raquo 1raquo4CA DOOOOO 00014 1

Legend

I Site Parcels

I ^ _ J site Boundary

AjiprowmatBBoundary o tSurfc ia l Aquiter Ground Whter Pfume |

Approximate Boundary of in tennedia te Aquieet Sys t em Ground w a t e r R u m e

A i Parcels

Helena Chemical Company Superfund Site Tampa Hillsborough County Florida

Disc la imer Th i s m a p and any b o u n d a r y l ines w i th in the m a p a re a p p r o x i m a t e a n d subject to c h a n g e T h e m a p is not a survey T h e m a p is for

informat ional pu rposes only r ega rd ing E P A s r e s p o n s e ac t ions at t h e Si te and is not in tended for any o the r purpose

41

Table 7 Institutional Control (IC) Summary Table

Media

Ground Water

Soil and Sediment

ICs Needed

Yes

Yes

ICs Called for in the Decision Documents

Yes

Yes

IC Objective

Restrict use of contaminated ground water to limit exposure until cleanup goals are achieved

Restrict land uses to industrial or similar

The 1996 ROD also listed fencing as an institutional control for soil and sed not been included above because it is considered an engineering control

Instrument in Place

The 1996 ROD called for deed notices as the institutional control instrument These have not been implemented However a 2008 Memorandum of Agreement between EPA and SWFWMD confirms SWFWMDs regulatory authority to restrict well constmction restrict well use as a potable water source and requiring that well owners benotified of ground water contamination that may impact their wells This authority applies to on-site parcels as well as off-site parcels covering the entire area affected by site-related ground water contamination

The land use restrictions called for in the 1996 ROD have not been implemented however Helena Chemical Company has maintained operations at the Site tliroughout remedial activities and intends to continue Site operations for the foreseeable future A restrictive covenant will be placed on the Site to ensure the Site is only used for industrial purposes The operating facility parcel is presently zoned for light industrial use and all four parcels will soon be rezoned for heavy industrial use which is consistent with the industrial exposure criteria used in selecting cleanup goals for the Site A secure perimeter fence restricts access to the Site limiting the potential for inadvertent soil exposure

ment source control however this has

42

66 Interviews

During the FYR process interviews were conducted with parties impacted by the Site including the current landowners and regulatory agencies involved in Site activities or aware ofthe Site The purpose ofthe interviews was to document the perceived status of the Site and any perceived problems or successes with the phases ofthe remedy that have been implemented to date Intei^views with Mr Jackson and Mr Brister were conducted during the site inspection on July 8 2010 Interviews with Ms Milicic and Ms Yeargan were conducted via e-mail on August 23 2010 and September 27 2010 respectively Several nearby businesses were also contacted but declined or did not have interest in being interviewed about the Site Interviews are summarized below and complete interviews are included in Appendix C

Galo Jackson Mr Jackson is the EPA RPM for the Site Mr Jackson indicates that a pilot-scale treatability study for site ground water is presently underway Results are being routinely shared with EPA and FDEP while there have been many challenges and it is still too early to detennine whether the treatments being explored can effecfively address ground water contamination he is hopeful that the treatments will be successful He has not received any complaints or inquiries from the community in the past five years and is not aware of any effects the Site may have had on the surrounding community He is pleased with the regular updates and infonnation he receives from the remedial contractor EnSafe Inc

Edward Brister Mr Brister is the Engineering Safety Health and Environinent Director for the Helena Chemical Conipany Mr Brister indicates that he is pleased with progress at the Site and believes that the remedial activities taken to date are perfomiing successfully He feels well infonned about activities and progress at the Site He does not know of any effects that the Site has had on the surrounding cominunity beyond the potential for Superfiind stigma which is common at many similar sites Mr Brister indicates that there is one residence in the area ofthe Site and that the owners a couple had expressed concems to him in the past He notes that the couple was temporarily relocated during removal activities in 2000 and again during sulfijr area removal actions in 2004 and 2005 Other than his discussions with the couple who were temporarily relocated he has not heard any complaints or concems from the cominunity regarding the Site

Karen Milicic Ms Milicic is the FDEP project manager for the Site Ms Milicic thinks that activities at the Site are making progress in addressing site COCs She is aware ofthe treatability study work that is presently underway and feels very well infonned regarding progress at the Site She believes that it is sfill too early to comment on the effectiveness ofthe current treatments being explored for ground water at the Site as the treatability study has not yet concluded She is not aware of any complaints or inquiries regarding the Site over the last five years

Mary Yeargan Ms Yeargan is the Environmental Protection Commission of Hillsborough County project manager for the Site Ms Yeargan has been involved at the

43

Site for many years and participated in the previous 2006 FYR site inspection She indicates that the Site is situated in an area that is impacted by multiple Superfijnd sites as well as other facilities that contribute to blight in the area She acknowledges that the Site may contribute to some more general community concems about the presence of Superfijnd sites in the area but she does not think that the Site specifically has been the source of concem within the larger area Since the 2006 FYR Ms Yeargan has received one complaint about potential ground water contaniination that a community member thought may have resulted from one ofthe area Superfund sites The well was tested by the Department of Public Health contamination was not detected in the sampling and the well was found to be safe for continued use She is not aware of any changes in laws or land use in the area that would impact the Site Given the shortage of lands available for heavy industrial uses she thinks it would be unlikely for the zoning ofthe parcels that compose the Site-to be changed to anything other than heavy industrial-She feels welf infomied about site activities and remains in regular communication as needed with EPA RPM Galo Jackson

44

70 Technical Assessment

71 Question A Is the remedy functioning as intended by the decision documents

The review of documents ARARs risk assumptions and the Site inspection indicate that the Sites soil remedy is functioning as intended by Site decision documents for soil and sediment Pesticide-contaminated surface soil and sediment at the Site and the adjacent CSX railway line east drainage ditch were excavated and shipped offsite for biological treatment and disposal Contaminated soil and residual sulfur were also excavated and shipped offsite for disposal Since there is commingling ofthe Sites ground water plumes with those ofthe adjacent Alaric Site the pump-and-treat ground water remedy selected in the 1996 ROD may not cunently be appropriate to implement at the Site until

- the Alaric Sites plumes have been remediated Helena Chemical Conipany proposed a pilot-scale treatability study to evaluate the feasibility of biological and physical ground water contaminant degradation The Work Plan for this treatability study was approved by EPA in August 2009 The study is currently underway and was scheduled to conclude by the fourth quarter of 2010 with a contingency period of another 12 months if necessary A final report documenting the effectiveness ofthe first fijll year ofthe treatability study was not available at the time this FYR report was drafted therefore a decision regarding whether to implement the additional 12 month contingency period had also not been made The final results ofthe treatability study will be used to infonn the selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site In the event that the treatability study is not successful EPA may consider additional avenues to approach remediation including additional excavation

The 1996 ROD selected the implementation of institutional controls in the form of deed restrictions for soil sediment and ground water to limit exposure to site-related contamination Fencing was also required by the 1996 ROD Land use restrictions have not been implemented for the Site however some interim institutional controls to protect against exposure to ground water contamination have been implemented Helena Chemical Company intends to confinue Site operations for the foreseeable future and has no intention to sell lease or transfer any portion ofthe Site Cunent and future zoning designations are consistent with the industrial land use criteria used in selection of Site COC cleanup goals In 2008 EPA entered into a Memorandum of Agreement with the SWFWMD The document confirms SWFWMDs regulatory authority to place restrictions on well placement and constmction Through shared infomiation between the two agencies SWFWMD can make infomied pennitting and enforcement decisions to prevent exposure to ground water contamination that could pose a risk to hunian health No impacted ground water wells are used for potable water buildings at the Site and in the surrounding area are connected to municipal water supply lines The need for additional institufional controls will be evaluated upon selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site

The Site is well-maintained and is surrounded by a secured perimeter fence with signs restricting access Access is limited to authorized persons during regular business hours

45

All site-related wells are secured or if no longer operational have been properly abandoned

72 Question B Are the exposure assumptions toxicity data cleanup levels and remedial action objectives (RAOs) used at the time of remedy selection still valid

The ARARs for four ofthe nine ground water COCs aldrin alpha-BHC beta-BHC and dieldrin have become more stringent since the signing ofthe 1996 ROD During the current ground water treatability study both alpha-BHC and beta-BHC have been detected at levels greater than the RODs less stringent cleanup goals for these COCs Remedial activities at the Site have allowed the continued industrial use ofthe property and have reduced ecological risk at the Site The selection of a revised ground water remedy is required before achieving the remaining two RAOs 1) protection of ground water from continued degradation by Site contaminants and 2) reduction of risk to human health within EPAs acceptable risk range Residual soil contamination remains present below the water table and the ground water plume continues to exceed cleanup goals The industrial land use at the Site and in the surrounding area is unchanged since the ROD was signed therefore the exposure assumpfions are still valid Benzene and ethylbenzene are being detected in the groundwater at concentrations above the primary drinking-water standards

73 Question C Has any other information come to light that could call into question the protectiveness ofthe remedy

No other infomiation has come to light that could call into question the protectiveness of the remedy

74 Technical Assessment Summary

The review of documents ARARs risk assumptions and the Site inspection indicate that the Sites soil remedy is functioning as intended by Site decision documents for soil and sediment Pesticide-contaminated surface soil and sediment at the Site and the adjacent CSX railway line east drainage ditch were excavated and shipped offsite for biological treatment and disposal Contaminated soil and residual sulfur were also excavated and shipped off-site for disposal Since there is commingling ofthe Sites ground water plumes with those ofthe adjacent Alaric Site the pump-and-treat ground water remedy selected in the 1996 ROD may not currently be appropriate to implement at the Site until the Alaric Sites plumes have been remediated Helena Chemical Company proposed a pilot-scale treatability study to evaluate the feasibility of biological and physical ground water contaminant degradafion The work plan for this treatability study was approved by EPA in August 2009 The study is currenfiy underway and was scheduled to conclude by the fourth quarter of 2010 vvith a contingency period of another 12 months if necessary A final report documenting the effectiveness ofthe first full year ofthe treatability study was not available at the time this FYR report was drafted therefore a decision regarding whether to implement the additional 12 month contingency period had also not been made The final results ofthe treatability study will be used to infonn the selection of a

46

revised ground water remedy for the Site In the event that the treatability study is not successful EPA may consider addifional avenues to approach remediation including additional excavation

The ARARs for four ofthe nine ground water COCs aldrin alpha-BHC beta-BHC and dieldrin have become more stringent since the signing ofthe 1996 ROD During the current ground water treatability study both alpha-BHC and beta-BHC have been detected at levels greater than the cuirent less-stringent cleanup goal for these COCs Remedial activities at the Site have allowed the continued industrial use ofthe property and have reduced ecological risk at the Site The selection of a revised ground water remedy is required before achieving the remaining two RAOs 1) protection of ground water from confinued degradation by Site contaminants and 2) reduction of risk to

-human health within EPAs acceptable risk range Residual soil contaniination remains present below the water table and the ground water plume continues to exceed cleanup goals The industrial land use at the Site and in the surrounding area has not changed since the ROD was signed therefore the exposure assumptions are still valid

The 1996 ROD selected the implementation of institutional controls in the fomi of deed restrictions for soil sediment and ground water to liinit exposure to site-related contamination Fencing was also required by the 1996 ROD Land use restrictions have not been implemented for the Site however some interim institufional controls to protect against exposure to ground water contamination have been implemented Helena Chemical Company intends to continue Site operations for the foreseeable future and has no intention to sell lease or transfer any portion ofthe Site Current and future zoning designations are consistent with the industrial land use criteria used in selection of site COC cleanup goals In 2008 EPA entered into a Memorandum of Agreement with the SWFWMD The document confinns SWFWMDs regulatory authority to place restrictions on well placement and constmction Through shared infonnation between the two agencies SWFWMD can make infonned pemiitting and enforcement decisions to prevent exposure to ground water contamination that could pose a risk to hunian health No impacted ground water wells are used for potable water buildings at the Site and in the surrounding area are connected to municipal water supply lines The need for additional institutional controls will be evaluated upon selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site

The Site is well-maintained and is surrounded by a secured perimeter fence with signs restricting access Access is limited to authorized persons during regular business hours All site-related wells have been secured or if no longer operational have been properly abandoned

47

80 Issues

Table 8 summarizes the current site issues

Table 8 Current Site Issues

Issue

A revised ground water remedy for the Site has not been selected or implemented and sampling events continue to detect COC concentrations in ground water that are greater than cleanup goals Land use restrictions for the Site have not yet been implemented

Affects Current Protectiveness

(Yes or No)

No

No

Affects Future Protectiveness

(Yes or No)

Yes

Yes

48

90 Recommendations and Follow-up Actions

Table 9 provides recommendations to address the current site issues

Table 9 Recommendations to Address Current Site Issues

Issue

A revised groundshywater remedy for the Site has not been selected or mdash implemented and sampling events continue to detect COC concentrations in ground water that are greater than cleanup goals

Land use restrictions for the Site have not yet been implemented

Recommendations Follow-Up Actions

- At the conclusion ofthe current pilot study evaluate results and if appropriate docunient the selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site

A restrictive covenant will be concluded designed to ensure the Site remains industrial

Party Responsible

PRP

PRP

Oversight Agency

EPA

EPA

Milestone Date

01312012

01312012

Affects Protectiveness

(Yes or No) Current

No

No

Future

Yes

Yes

49

100 Protectiveness Statements

The Sites remedy currently protects huinan health and the environment in the short-tenn because it is functioning as intended by the Sites decision documents for soil and sediment Source materials have been excavated and removed for off-site treatment and disposal The selected ground water remedy has not yet been implemented due to concems with promoting migration ofthe ground water plume from the neighboring Alaric Site A pilot-scale bioremediafion treatability study is underway and will hopefully aid in the selecfion of a revised ground water remedy for the Site The affected surficial aquifer in the vicinity ofthe Site is not used for potable water supply and area residents and businesses are connected to municipal water supply In order for the remedy to be protective in the long-tenn issues conceming implementation of a revised ground water remedy and institutional controls should be addressed

50

110 Next Review

This Site is a statutory Site that requires ongoing FYRs as long as waste is left on site that does not allow for unrestricted use and unlimited exposure The next FYR will be due within five years ofthe signatureapproval date ofthis FYR

51

Appendix A List of Documents Reviewed

CERCLA Infonnafion System Site Infomiation accessed from website httpcfpubepa^ovsupercpadcursitescsitinfocfinid=0400674 Accessed May 12 2010

EPA Record of Decision Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) EPA ID FLD053502696 Prepared by US EPA Region 4 May 7 1996

Explanation of Significant Differences Helena Chemical Superfund Site Tampa Hillsborough County FL Prepared by US EPA Region 4 January 27 2005

First Five-Year Review Report for Helena Chemical Company Tampa Hillsborough County Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for US EPA Region 4 January 31 2006 mdash

First Quarter 2010 Pilot Test Implementation Report Helena Chemical Company Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Chemical Conipany July 7 2010

Fourth Quarter 2009 Pilot Test Implementation Report Helena Chemical Company Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Chemical Coinpany March 12 2010

Memorandum of Agreement between the US Environmental Protection Agency Region 4 Superfund Division and the Southwest Florida Water Management District September 11 2008

Pilot Test and Interini Monitoring Work Plan for the Helena Chemical Conipany Superfund Site Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Chemical Company June 30 2009

Pilot Test Implementation Report Helena Cheinical Company Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Chemical Company December 22 2009

Second Quarter 2010 Pilot Test Implementation Report Helena Chemical Conipany Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Chemical Company September 23 2010

Third Quarter 2009 Pilot Test Implementation Report Helena Chemical Company Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Cheinical Coinpany December 22 2009

A-l

Appendix B Press Notice

y PRoA^

U S Environmental Protection Agency Region 4 Announces a Five-Year Review for

the Helena Chemical Company Superfund Site Tampa Hillsborough Countj Florida

PurposeObjective The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is conducting a Five-Year Review ofthe remedy for the Helena Chemical Company Superfuiid site (Site) in Tampa Florida The purpose ofthe Five-Year Review is to ensure that the selected cleanup actions effectively protect human health and the environment

Site~Background The Site covers approximately eight acres and is located in the Orient Park industrial area in Tampa Floiida The ~ facility was built in 1929 as a chemical plant for the production of sulfur The initial owners manufactured wettable and dusting sulfur and formulated pesticides herbicides fungicides and fertilizers at the facility Helena Chemical Company purchased the property in 1967 and continued these manufacturing operations until 1981 The company moved its pesticide herbicide and fiingicide formulation operations to Georgia in 1981 but has continued to fonnulate insecticidal petroleum oil and liquid fertilizers at the facility Former manufacturing operations by Helena Chemical Company and its predecessors resulted in soil and ground water contamination EPA placed the Site on the National Priorities List (NPL) in October 1992

Cleanup Actions In 1996 EPA signed the Record of Decision (ROD) for the Site which selected a remedy to clean up contaminants by excavating and treating contaminated soils disposing of sulfur-contaminated soils offsite neutralizing soil pH and containing ground water contamination to prevent off-site migration Between 2000 and 2005 more than 10000 tons of contaminated soils were excavated for treatment and soils with sulfur contamination were disposed of off site After the soil removals lime was incorporated into remaining on-site soils to neutralize the sulfuric acid present four feet below the land surface However the addition of lime appears to have had minimal effect on areas with low pH Design ofthe ground water treatment system was delayed due to the need to distinguish between source contamination at the Site and source contaniination emanating from another Superfijnd site the Alaric Area Ground Water Plume site which is located adjacent to the Site Ground water sampling conducted in 2007 concluded that pesticide concentrations at the Site continue to exceed cleanup goals established in the ROD and require remedial action Several pilot-scale treatability studies commenced in 2009 and are presently underway

Five-Vear Review Schedule The National Contingency Plan requires that remedial actions that result in any hazardous substances pollutants or contaminants remaining at the Superfimd Sites above levels that allow for unlimited use and unrestricted exposure be reviewed every five years to ensure the protection of human health and the environment The second ofthe Five-Year Reviews for this Site will be completed in January 2011

EPA invites community participation in the Five-Year Review process EPA is conducting this Five-Year Review to evaluate the effectiveness ofthe Sites remedy and to ensure that the remedy remains protective of human health and the environment As part ofthe Five-Year Review process EPA staff are available to answer any questions about the Site Community members who have questions about the Site or the Five-Year Review process or vvho would like to participate in a community interview are asked to contact

Galo Jackson Remedial Project Manager LTonya Spencer Community Involvement Coordinator Phone 404-562-8937 Phone 404-562-8463 1 -800-435-9234 (toll free) E-mail jacksongaloMjepauov E-mail spencerlatonva(5)epagov

Mailing Address EPA Region 4 Sam Nunn Atlanta Federal Center 61 Forsyth St SW Mail Code 9T25 Atlanta GA 30303-8960

Site information is also available at the Sites local document repository at University of South Florida Library 4202 East Fowler Avenue Tampa Florida 33620 and online at httpwvwepcigovi-egion4wasteitplitplflshelenafl-hlin

B-

Appendix C Interview Forms

Interview Form 2011 Five-Year Review - Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) Site Tampa FL

Site Name Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) EPA ID No FLD053502696 Interviewer Name Sabrina Foster Affiliation E Inc Subjects Name Galo Jackson Affiliation EPA Region 4 Subjects Contact Information iacksongalo(fl)epagov Time 915 am Date July 8 2010 Type of Interview (Circle one) In Person Phone Mail Other Location of Interview Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) site

IVIiat is your overall impression ofthe project In tenns ofthe pilot-scale treatability study for water the project is on schedule We are getting results back having them reviewed but it is still too early to tell what the final result will be The treatability study has been challenging but I am hopeful that it will work

2 What effect has this site had on the surrounding community ifany^7 None that 1 am aware of

3 How well do you believe the remedy currently in place is performing7 Do you believe the monitoring data show the remedys effectiveness^ As 1 said before we are still working on the treatability study so it is really too early to tell The study is still in early stages

4 Are you aware of any complaints or inquiries regarding environmental issues or the remedial action from residents since implementation ofthe cleanup 1 have not received any in the last five years

5 Are you aware of any changes in projected land use at or near the site No as far as I know it is all still zoned for heavy industrial use

6 Do you feel well informed about the site y activities and progress Yes EnSafe are the remedial contractors and they do a good job keeping me well-in fonn ed

7 Do you have any commenis suggeslions or recommendations regarding the sile s management or operation Not really The treatability study is underway and 1 am hopeful that it will work

C-1

Site Name Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) EPA ID No FLD053502696 Interviewer Name Sabrina Foster Affiliation E Inc Subjects Name Ed Brister Affiliation Helena Chemical Company Subjects Contact Information bristere(laquo)helenachemicacom Time 900 am Date July 8 2010 Type of Interview (Circle one) In Person Phone Mail Other Location of Interview Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) site

1 What is your overall impression ofthe project My impression is that it is good and has been a successful project

2 What e f f y has this site had on the surrounding community ifany mdash We dont know of any effect on the surrounding community Certainly there hasnt been

an effect on human health At any site like this you are going to have stigma issues but we dont hear any concerns out ofthe community about it

3 How well do you believe the remedy currently in place is performing 1 think it is doing well

4 Are you aware of any complaints or inquiries regarding environmental issues or the remedial action from residents since implementation ofthe cleanup Yes During the implementation ofthe cleanup the soil excavations we did hear of concems Irom a neighbor [Resident 1] We addressed her concems by temporarily moving her and her husband from their home for a couple of months to a location south of here We temporarily moved the [residents] twice once during the big removal in 2000 and again during the excavation and removal ofthe sulfur area in 2004-2005

5 Are you aware of any changes in projected land use at or near the site No not for here or for the surrounding areas

6 Do you feel well informed about the site s activities and progress Yes

7 Do you have any commenis suggestions or recommendations regarding the site f management or operation No

C-2

SiteName Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) EPA ID No FLD053502696 Subjects Name Karen Milicic Affiliation FDEP Subjects Contact Information 850-245-8931 Time 913 am Date August 23 2010 Type of Interview (Circle one) In Person Phone Mail Other E-mail Location of Interview Tallahassee FL

What is your overall impression ofthe project Good appear to be making progress on addressing the contaminants of concem

2 How well do you believe the remedy currently in place is performing Still too early to tell basedon recent lab data

3 Are you comfortable with the institutional controls required for the Site and their current status of implementation Yes at this time

4 Are you aware of any complaints or inquiries regarding environmental issues or the remedial action from residents in the last five years No not aware of any complaints andor inquiries regarding the Site

5 Has your office conducted any Site-related activities or communications in the last five years If so please give purpose and results of these activities Yes to attend a site visit with EPA RPM Galo Jackson

6 Are you aware of any changes to state laws that might affect the protectiveness ofthe remedy Are you aware of any changes in projected land use at the Site Not at this fime

7 Do you feel well informed about the Site 5 activities and progress Feel very well infomied regarding the progress ofthe Site

8 Do you have any comments suggestions or recommendations regarding the Site s management or operation None at this time

C-3

Site Name Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) EPA ID No FLD053502696 Interviewer Name Sabrina Foster Affiliation E^ Inc Subjects Name Mary Yeargan Affiliation Environmental Protection

Commission of Hillsborough County Subjects Contact Information yearganm(fl)epchcorg Time 330 pm Date September 27 2010 Type of Interview (Circle one) In Person Phone Mail Other

What is your overall impression ofthe project My overall impression is that it is continuing along as it has been

2 What are your views about current site condition problems or related concerns mdash 1 was onthe site visit for the last FYR so I am familiar with the-Site and the Five-Year

Review process I think that things are continuing to move forward at the Site with the treatments underway

3 What effect has this site had on the surrounding community This is a blighted community and certainly the presence of a Superfund site contributes to the perception of blight But Helena is not the only Superfund site in the area there is also Stauffer Chemical Florida Steel Alaric as well as the jail and all the bail bonds places So there is blight in the community but it is npt a direct result of Helena

4 Has the local government received any citizen complaints or inquiries regarding environmental issues or activities at this site I havent received any specific complaints nothing about Helena in particular The calls I get largely concem other specific Superfund sites in the area or just the presence of Superfijnd sites in general I did receive a call in 2008 firom a resident who was concemed about well water and whether the presence of Superfijnd sites in the area meant that the water was contaminated Again they didnt specifically mention Helena just Superfund sites in general We called the Department of Public Health to come out and sampled the well and there was no contamination present

5 Have there been routine communications or activities (site visits inspections reporting activities etc) conducted by your office regarding the site If yes please give purpose and results No

6 Are you aware of any changes to local laws that might affect the protectiveness ofthe remedy Are you aware of any changes in projected land use at the Site No Im not aware of any changes to local laws that would impact the Site Helena continues to operate so that land use hasnt changed and I dont imagine that the land use zoning would be changed to anything other than heavy industrial There is a limited amount of space available for heavy industrial so they are going to keep any land already zoned for that purpose

C-4

7 Do you feel well informed about the Sites activities and progress If not what methods would you recommend EPA use to disseminate more information Sure

8 Do you have any comments suggestions or recommendations regarding the project None I have worked with Galo for some time and let him know right away if there are any complaints

C-5

Appendix D Site Inspection Checklist

FIVE-YEAR REVIEW SITE INSPECTION CHECKLIST

I SITE INFORMATION

Site name Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) Date of inspection July 8 2010

Location and Region Tampa FL Region 4 EPA ID FLD053502696

Agency office or company leading the five-year review EPA Region 4 Weathertemperature Clear skies sunny 85F

Remedy Includes (Check all that apply) I I Landfill covercontainment [XI Access controls IXI Institutional controls Xl Groundwater pump and treatment I I Surface water collection and treatment Xl Other Soil excavation and off-site disposal

I I Monitored natural attenuation XI Groundwater containment [~| Vertical banier walls

ttachments XT] Inspection team roster attached I I Site map attached

II INTERVIEWS (Check all that apply)

1 OampM site manager Name Title

Interiewed 77 at site [d at office Q by phone Phone no Problems suggestions XU Report attached

mmddvgtvv Date

OampM staff Name Title

Interviewed O at site J at office XU by phone Phone no Problems suggestions [d Report attached

mmddyyvv Date

D-

3 Local regulatory authorities and response agencies (ie State and Tribal offices emergency response office police department office of public health or environmental health zoning office recorder of deeds or other city and county offices etc) Fill in all that apply

Agency FDEP Contact

Problems

Agencv Cont c t Problems

Agency Contact

Problems

Aeencv Contact

Problems

Agency Contact

Problems

Karen Milicic Name

suggestions bull Report attached

Name suggestions 1 1 Report attached

N me suggestions bull Report attached

Name suggestions bull Report attached

Name suggestions CD Report attached

Proiect Manager Title

see Appendix C

8232010 Date

Title

Title see Appendix C

Date

mdash

Date

Title see Appendix C

ate

Title see Appendix C

Date

850-245-8931 Phone No

Phone No

Phone No

Phone No

Ph iieNo

4 Other interviews (optional) bull Report attached

EPA Region 4 Galo Jackson Remedial Project Manager 782010 404-562-8937

Helena Chemical Company (PRP) Ed Brister Director of Engineering Safety Health 782010901-537-8600

and Environment

III ON-SITE DOCUMENTS amp RECORDS VERIFIED (Check all that apply)

1 O amp M Documents

n OampM manual D Readily available bull Up to date

1 1 As-built drawings O Readily available Q Up to date

n Maintenance logs Q Readily available []] Up to date

Remarks

^ N A

K | N A

E ] N A

2 Site-Specific Health and Safety Plan bull Readily available ^ Up to date D NA

n Contingency planemergency response plan bull Readily available ^ Up to date O NA

Remarks

3 O amp M and OSHA Training Records Q Readily available D Up to date lEI NA

Remarks

D-2

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

1

Permits and Service Agreements

r~l Air discharge pemiit

bull Effluent discharge

n Waste disposal POTW

1 1 Other pemiits

Remarks

Gas Generation Records

Remarks

Settlement Monument Records

Remarks

Groundwater Monitoring Records

r~1 Readily available

n Readily available

77 Readily available

[y Readily available

[72 Readily available

[y Readily available

Q Readily available

Remarks Ground water monitoring records are available for the feasibilitv and intemiittent monitoring records from

n Up to date

bull Up to date

n Up to date

n Up to date

n Up to date

n Up to date mdash bull -

IC] Up to date

[ 3 NA

^ N A

KNA

KNA

13 NA

S N A

KINA

study currently underway sampling to confirm the effectiveness of soil remedial

actions are also available Since a revised ground water remedy for the Site has not vet been or implemented long-temi monitoring o

Leachate Extraction Records

Remarks

Discharge Compliance Records

selected f ground water remedy effectiveness has not yet begun 1

n Readily available

bull Air n Readily available bull Up to date

bull Water (effluent) bull Readily available bull Up to date

Remarks

Daily AccessSecurity Logs

Remarks

IV

OampM Organization

1 1 State in-house

n PRP in-house

1 1 Federal Facility in-house

n

X3 Readily available

OampM COSTS

1 1 Contractor for State

n Contractor for PRP

bull Up to date KNA

KlNA

^ N A

bull Up to date

1 1 Contractor for Federal Facility

KINA

D-3

-gt

3

OampM Cost Records

1 1 Readily available

1 1 Funding mechanist

Original OampM cost es

From mniddvYw

Date

From mmddNyyy

Date

From mnidd-w-w

Date

From mmddyvY

Date

From mmddyvw

Date

Unanticipated or Unu

Describe costs and reas

n Up to date

nagreement in place CH Unavailable

imate | 1 Breakdown attached

Total annual cost by year for review period

To mmddyvw

Date Total cost

To mmddN-vw

ate Total cost

To mmddyvw

Date Total cost

To mmddvvNv

Date Total cost

To mmddyvw

Date Total cost

iually High OampM Costs During Review P

ons

if available

bull Breakdown aitached

1 1 Breakdown attached

- 1 1 Breakdown attached

1 1 Breakdown attached

CH Breakdown attached

eriod

V ACCESS AND INSTITUTIONAL CONTROLS ^ Applicable D NA

A

1

B

1

C

Fencing

Fencing damaged Q Location shown on site map ^ G

Remarks Fencing surrounds entire property gates are secured outsi

Other Access Restrictions

Signs and other security measures O Location s

Remarks Access signs are posted near entry gates

Institutional Controls (ICs]

ues secured CD NA

de of operation hours

10wn on site map CD NA

D-4

Implementation and enforcement

Site conditions imply ICs not properly implemented

Site conditions imply ICs not being fully enforced

Type of monitoring (eg self-reporting drive by)

Frequency

Responsible partyagency

Contact

Name Title

Reporting is up-to-date

Reports are verified by the lead agency

Specific requirements in deed or decision documents have been met

Violations have been reported

Other problems or suggestions CD Report attached

D Y e s

D Y e s

No D NA

No D N A

mrrvaoyy

Date D Yes

DYes

DYes

DYes

wv Phone no

D N O

D N O

D N O

D N O

DNA

Q N A

DNA

DNA

2 Adequacy ^ ICs are adequate O ICs are inadequate CD NA

Remarks The 1996 ROD calls for institutional controls in the fomi of site deed restrictions to limit exposure to ground water contamination until cleanup goals are achieved The ROD also calls for fencing to limit access and exposure to site soil contamination At the request ofthe FDEP land use restrictions for the Site have not yet been implemented however some interim institutional controls lo protect against exposure to ground water contamination have been implemented EPA signed a Memorandum of Agreement with the SWFWMD affimiing SWFWMDs regulatory authority to restrict well construction and well use for potable water at and in the area ofthe Site Secure perimeter fencing provides an engineering control to restrict access to the Site The risk for exposure is minimal because surface soil has been remediated the Helena Chemical Company has continued site operations and plans to continue industrial activities at the Site into the foreseeable ftiture and current and future land use zoning is consistent with the industrial cleanup criteria used in the selection of site cleanup goals

A treatability study is currently underway to help detennine the revised remedy for ground water Once this remedy has been selected and decision documents have been appropriately updated Helena Chemical Company EPA the slate and Hillsborough County will evaluate changes to existing institutional controls and addition of new institutional controls for the Site as well as impacted ground water area as appropriate

D General

Vandalismtrespassing

Remarks

I I Location shown on site map No vandalism evident

2 Land use changes on site

Remarks

NA

3 Land use changes off site

Remarks

^ N A

VI GENERAL SITE CONDITIONS

Roads Applicable D NA

D-5

1

B

Roads damaged

Remarks Paved aspha

Other Site Conditions

[y] Location shown on site map ^ Roads adequate Q NA

It roads are used for access to warehouses and the office building on site

Remarks

A

1

T

3

4

5

6

7

8

VII

Landfill Surface

LANDFILL COVERS D Applicable [^ NA

Settlement (Low spots)

Arial extent

Remarks

Cracks

Lengths

Remarks

Erosion

Arial extent

Remarks

Holes

Arial extent

Remarks

Vegetative Cover

1 1 No signs of stres

Remarks

Alternative Cover

Remarks

Bulges

Arial extent

Remarks

s

1 1 Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

Widths

CD Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on sit map

CH Grass

1 1 TreesSlirubs (indicate size and loi

amiored rock concrete etc)

Xy Location shown on site map

rn Settlement not evident

Depth

CD Cracking not evident

Depths

CD Erosion not evident

Depth

CD Holes not evident

Depth

1 1 Cover properly established

bullations on a diagram)

DNA

CD Bulges not evident

Height

Wet AreasWater Damage bull Wet areaswater damage not evident

bull Wet areas

CD Ponding

n Seeps

bull Soft subgrade

Remarks

CD Location shown on site map

1 1 Location shown on site map

1 1 Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

Arial extent

Arial extent

Arial extent

Arial extent

D-6

9

B

1

2

3

C

1

1

3

4

5

Slope Instability

1 1 No evidence of slope

Arial extent

Remarks

n Slides

instability

CD Location shown on site map

Benches D Applicable ^ NA

(Horizontally constructed mounds of earth placed across a steep landfill side slope to interrupt the slope in order to slow down the velocity of surface runoff and intercept and convey the runoff to a lined channel)

Flows Bypass Bench

Remarks

Bench Breached

Remarks

Bench Overtopped

Remarks

CD Location shown on site map

bull Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

CD NA or okay

bull NA or okay

1 j NA or okay

Letdown Channels bull Applicable ^ NA

(Charaiel lined with erosion control mats riprap grout bags or gabions that descend down the steep side slope ofthe cover and will allow the runoff water collected by the benches to move off of the landfill cover without creating erosion gullies)

Settlement (Low spots)

Arial extent

Remarks

Material Degradation

Material type

Remarks

Erosion

Arial extent

Remarks

Undercutting

Arial extent

Remarks

Obstructions

bull Location shown on sit

Size

Remarks

CD Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

Type

e map Arial extent

CD No evidence of settlement

Depth

[H No evidence of degradation

Arial extent

bull No evidence of erosion

Depth

CD No evidence of undercutting

Depth

1 1 No obstmctions

D-7

6

D

1

2

3

4

5

E

1

9

3

Excessive Vegetative Growth Type

CD No evidence of excessive growth

CD Vegetation in channels does not obstmct flow

CD Location shown on site map Ari

Remarks

al extent

Cover Penetrations XC Applicable ^ NA

Gas Vents bull Active

CD Properly securedlocked Q Functioning

CD Evidence of leakage at penetration

Remarks

Gas Monitoring Probes

CD Properly securedlocked CD Functioning

CD Evidence of leakage at penetration

Remarks

Monitoring Wells (within surface area of landfill)

CD Properly securedlocked [ID Functioning

1 1 Evidence of leakage at penetration

Remarks

Extraction Wells Leachate

CD Properly securedlocked CD Functioning

1 1 Evidence of leakage at penetration

Remarks

Settlement Monuments Q Located

Remarks

Gas Collection and Treatment CD Applicable

Gas Treatment Facilities

n Passive

CD Routinely sampled

CD Needs Maintenance

CD Routinely sampled

CD Needs Maintenance

bull Routinely sampled

CD Needs Maintenance

CD Routinely sampled

1 1 Needs Maintenance

CD Routinely sureyed

^ N A

1 1 Flaring CD Themial destmclion

CD Good condition CD Needs Maintenance

Remarks

Gas Collection Wells Manifolds and Piping

CD Good condition CD Needs Maintenance

Remarks

Gas Monitoring Facilities (eg gas monitoring o

CD Good condition

DNA

- - bull

CD Good condition

DNA

1 1 Good condition

DNA

CD Good condition

DNA

DNA

CD Collection for reuse

Fadjacent homes or buildings)

CD Good condition CD Needs Maintenance CD NA

Remarks

D-8

F

1

2

G

1

1

3

4

H

1

2

I

1

9

3

Cover Drainage Layer bull Applicable ^ NA

Outlet Pipes Inspected CD Functioning

Remarks

Outlet Rock Inspected CD Functioning

Remarks

DetentionSedimentation Ponds bull Applicable

Siltation Area extent Depth

1 1 Siltation not evident

Remarks

Erosion Area extent Depth

CD Erosion not evident

Remarks

Outlet Works bull Functioning

Remarks

Dam CD Functioning

Remarks

Retaining Walls D Applicable ^ NA

Deformations CD Location shown on site map

Horizontal displacement Vertical di

Rotational displacement

Remarks

Degradation [C Location shown on site map

Remarks

Perimeter DitchesOff-Site Discharge [C Applicable

Siltation CD Location shown on site map

Area extent

Remarks

Vegetative Growth bull Location shown on site map

CD Vegetation does not impede flow

Area extent

Remarks

Erosion bull Location shown on site map

Area extent

Remarks

DNA

DNA

^ N A

DNA

DNA

DNA

J Deformation not evident

splacement

CD Degradation not evident

13 NA

CD Siltation not evident

Depth

DNA

Type

CD Erosion not evident

Depth

D-9

4 Discharge Structure Q Functioning bull NA

Remarks

VIII VERTICAL BARRIER WALLS D Applicable ^ NA

1

2

IX

A

1

2

3

B

1

bull )

3

C

Settlement CD Location shown on site map CD Settlement not evident

Area extent Depth

Remarks

Performance Monitoring Type of monitoring

bull Perfomiance not monitored

Frequency CD Evidence of breaching

Head differential

Remarks

GROUNDWATERSURFACE WATER REMEDIES g] Applicable Q NA

Groundwater Extraction Wells Pumps and Pipelines X Applicable ^ NA

Pumps Wellhead Plumbing and Electrical

CD Good condition CD Ail required wells properly operating CD Needs Maintenance CD NA

Remarks

Extraction System Pipelines Valves Valve Boxes and Other Appurtenances

bull Good condition O Needs Maintenance

Remarks

Spare Parts and Equipment

bull Readily available bull Good condition bull Requires upgrade bull Needs to be provided

Remarks

Surface Water Collection Structures Pumps and Pipelines [72 Applicable ^ NA

Collection Structures Pumps and Electrical

CD Good condition CD Needs Maintenance

Remarks

Surface Water Collection System Pipelines Valves Valve Boxes and Other Appurtenances

CD Good condition CD Needs Maintenance

Remarks

Spare Parts and Equipment

bull Readily available O Good condition Q Requires upgrade bull Needs to be pr vided

Remarks

Treatment System bull Applicable 3 NA

D-10

T

Treatment Train (Check components that apply)

I I Metals removal [72 Oilwater separation [72 Bi remediation

I I Air stripping [Zl Carbon adsorbers

D Filters

I I Additive (eg chelation agent flocculent)

n Others

I I Good condition [7 Needs Maintenance

I I Sampling ports properly marked and fianctional

I I Samplingmaintenance log displayed and up to date

CD Equipment properly identified mdash

I I Quantity of groundwater treated annually

I I Quantity of surface water treated annually

Remarks

Electrical Enclosures and Panels (properly rated and functional)

I I NA [22 Good condition [2 Needs Maintenance

Remarks

3 Tanks Vaults Storage Vessels

I I NA [J] Good condition [] Proper secondary containment [2 Needs Maintenance

Remarks

4 Discharge Structure and Appurtenances

I I NA CD Good condition [72 Needs Maintenance

Remarks

5 Treatment Building(s)

CD NA CD Golt d condition (esp roof and doorways) CD Needs repair

I I Chemicals and equipment properly stored

Remarks

6 Monitoring Wells (pump and treatment remedy)

I I Properly securedlocked [7 Functioning CD Routinely sampled CD Good condition

I I All required wells located CD Needs Maintenance CD NA

Remarks

D Monitoring Data

1 Monitoring Data

3 Is routinely submitted on time ^ Is of acceptable quality

2 Monitoring data suggests

[H Groundwater plume is effectively contained CD Contaminant concentrations are declining

D-

E Monitored Natural Attenuation 1 Monitoring Wells (natural attenuation remedy)

I I Properly securedlocked CD Functioning CD Routinely sampled CD Good condition

CD All required wells located CD Needs Maintenance ^ NA

Remarks X OTHER REMEDIES

If there are remedies applied at the site and not covered above attach an inspection sheet describing the physical nature and condition of any facility associated with the remedy An example would be soil vapor extraction

In September 2009 Helena Chemical Company began a pilot-scale bioremediation treatability study at the Site to test the effectiveness of sulfate reduction and anaerobic xylene degradation to treat residual ground water contamination in the surficial aquifer and the intemiediate aquifer system The pilot study also investigates reductive dechlorination of BHC isomers tlirough addition of facultative anaerobic cultures enhancement of nitrate- iron- and sulfate-reducers and addition of a reduction agent such as zero-valent iron with a pH adjustment The study was scheduled to conclude by the fourth quarter of 2010 and a contingency time of an additional 12 months has been allotted in the treatability study schedule if necessary

XI OVERALL OBSERVATIONS A Implementation of the Remedy

The pesticide source contamination in soil was excavated in 2000 and shipped offsite to an approved disposal facilitv in Louisiana Further soil excavation activities were performed in 2004 and 2005 in order to address sulfiir contamination source areas A pilot study to assess treatability of ground water contamination originating from the fomier sulfur pit area and the former xylene tank area is presently underway Results ofthe study will inform the selection ofthe remedy for ground water at the Site

B Adequacy of OampM A treatability study is presently underway for ground water treatment at the Site OampM activities have yet to commence

Early Indicators of Potential Remedy Problems None

D Opportunities for Optimization None

Site Inspection Team Galo Jackson EPA Region 4 Ed Brister Helena Chemical Conipany Christy Fielden E Inc Sabrina Foster E Inc

D-12

Appendix E Photographs from Site Inspection Visit

Helena Chemical Company office building at the Site

Signs at delivery gate which is secured outside of facility operating hours

E-1

Chemical storage warehouse on site

Fonner sulfur pit area with new chemical warehouse facilities

E-2

Monitoring well in the former sulfiir pit area

Pilot study monitoring wells in the former xylene tank area

E-3

Page 4: Five-Year Review Report Second Five-Year Review Report

List of Acronyms

44-DDT 44-Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane figL micrograms per liter ARAR Applicable or Relevant and Appropriate Requirement bgs below ground surface BHC Benzene Hexachloride CERCLA Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation and Liability Act CFR Code of Federal Regulations CIC Community Involvement Coordinator COC Contaminant of Concem DDD Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane DDE Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene ~ DDT Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane EPA United States Environmental Protection Agency ESD Explanation of Significant Differences FAC Florida Administrative Code FDEP Florida Department of Environmental Protection FHRS Florida Department of Health and Rehabilitative Sei-vices FYR Five-Year Review HQ Hazard Quotient IC Institutional Control LTTD Low Temperature Themial Desorption MCL Maximum Contaminant Level mgkg milligrams per kilogram NCP National Contingency Plan NPL National Priorities List OampM Operation and Maintenance PRP Potentially Responsible Party RA remedial action RAO remedial action objective RD remedial design RIFS remedial investigation and feasibility study ROD record of decision RPM Remedial-Project Manager SWFWMD Southwest Florida Water Management District TBC To-Be-Considered Criteria VOC Volatile Organic Compound

Executive Summary

Introduction

The Helena Chemical Company (Tampa Plant) Site (the Site) consists of approximately eight acres located on four property parcels in Tampa Hillsborough County Florida Since 1929 the Site has been used for pesticide and agricultural chemical operations Helena Chemical Company moved most ofthe plants chemical formulation activities to a facility in Georgia in 1981 Some fonnulation and packaging of insecticidal spray oil and liquid fertilizers continues at the facility however the Site serves predominantly as a warehouse and distribution center for Helena Chemical Companys Florida sales locations Historical chemical mixing and fonnulation practices resulted in the contamination of soil and ground water with pesticides xylenes and sulfuric acid _ -_ mdash

The 1996 Record of Decision (ROD) selected a remedy for the Site that consisted of excavation and off-site disposal of contaminated soil from source areas and ground water containment extraction and treatment In 2000 approximately 7700 tons of pesticide-contaminated soil sediment and debris were excavated from the former xylene tank area and from the east drainage ditch along the CSX railway line located immediately to the south ofthe Site In 2004 and 2005 demolition and removal of concrete from the central courtyard area allowed for excavation of approximately 3000 tons of contaminated soil from the fonner sulfur pit area

The Site is located adjacent to two other Superfiind sites Alaric Area Ground Water Plume (Alaric Site) and Stauffer Chemical Co (Tampa) The ground water pump-and-treat system selected in the 1996 ROD has not been implemented so as not to exacerbate ground water plume migration from the Alaric Site In August 2009 the potentially responsible party (PRP) Helena Chemical Company began a pilot-scale bioremediation treatability study at the Site to test the effectiveness of substrate injection in ground water contaminant source areas in order for biological and physical degradation ofthe contaminants to occur The study was scheduled to continue for 12 months with a contingency period of another 12 months if necessary

The triggering action for this Five-Year Review (FYR) was the signing ofthe previous FYR report on January 31 2006

Remedial Action Objectives

The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) issued the site-wide ROD on May 7 1996 Based on the results ofthe Sites remedial investigation and feasibility study (RIFS) EPA detennined that remediation of soil sediment and ground water would be required for the protection of human health and the environment Remedial action objectives (RAOs) established in the ROD for the Site include

bull Restore the Site to beneficial use bull Reduce risk to human health within EPAs acceptable risk range (ie total residual

cancer risk between 1 x 10 to 1 x IO and maximum individual contaminant hazard quotient of one)

bull Reduce ecological risk and bull Protect ground water from continued degradation by site contaminants

Technical Assessment

The review of documents applicable or relevant and appropriate requirements (ARARs) risk assumptions and the Site inspection indicate that the Sites soil remedy is functioning as intended by Site decision documents for soil and sediment Pesticide-contaminated surface soil and sediment at the Site and the adjacent CSX railway line east drainage ditch were excavated and shipped offsite for biological treatment and disposal Contaminated soil and residual sulfur were also excavated and shipped offsite for disposal Since there is commingling ofthe Sites ground water plumes with those ofthe adjacent Alaric Site the pump-and-treat ground water remedy selected in the 1996 ROD may not cun^ently be appropriate to-implement at the Site until the Alaric Sites plumes have been remediated Helena Chemical Company proposed a pilot-scale treatability study to evaluate the feasibility of biological and physical ground water contaminant degradation The work plan for this treatability study was approved by EPA in August 2009 The study is currently underway and was scheduled to conclude by the fourth quarter of 2010 with a contingency period of another 12 months if necessary A final report documenting the effectiveness ofthe first full year ofthe treatability study was not available at the time this FYR report was drafted therefore a decision regarding whether to implement the additional 12 month contingency period had also not been made The final results ofthe treatability study will be used to infonn the selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site In the event that the treatability study is not successful EPA may consider additional avenues to approach remediation including additional excavation

The ARARs for four ofthe nine ground water contaminants of concem (COCs) aldrin alpha-benzene hexachloride (BHC) beta-BHC and dieldrin have become more stringent since the signing ofthe 1996 ROD During the current ground water treatability study alpha-BHC and beta-BHC have been detected at levels greater than the 1996 cleanup goal Remedial activities at the Site have allowed the continued industrial use ofthe property and have reduced ecological risk at the Site The selection of a revised ground water remedy is required before achieving the remaining two RAOs 1) protection of ground water from confinued degradadon by site contaminants and 2) reduction of risk to human health within EPAs acceptable risk range Residual soil contaminafion remains present below the water table and the ground water plume continues to exceed cleanup goals The industrial land use at the Site and in the surrounding area has not changed since the ROD was signed therefore the exposure assumptions are sfill valid

The 1996 ROD selected the implementation of institutional controls in the fonn of deed restrictions because industrial remedial goals for the soil and sediment were selected due to the Sites industrial zoning In addition an engineering control in the form of fencing was specified Land use restrictions have not yet been implemented for the Site however some interim institutional controls to protect against exposure to ground water contamination have been implemented Current and future zoning designations are consistent with the industrial land use criteria used in selection of Site COC cleanup goals In 2008 EPA entered into a Memorandum of Agreement with the Southwest Florida Water Management District (SWFWMD) The document confirms SWFWMDs regulatory authority to place restrictions on

well placement and constmction Through shared infonnation between the two agencies SWFWMD can make infonned pennitting and enforcement decisions to prevent exposure to ground water contamination that could pose a risk to human health No impacted ground water wells are used for potable water buildings at the Site and in the surrounding area are connected to municipal water supply lines At the request ofthe FDEP the need for additional institutional controls will be evaluated upon selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site

The Site is well-maintained and is suirounded by a secured perimeter fence with signs restricting access Access is limited to authorized persons during regular business hours All site-related wells have been secured or if no longer operational have been properly abandoned

Conclusion

The Sites remedy cun-enfiy protects huinan health and the environment in the short-temi because it is functioning as intended by the Sites decision documents for soil and sediment Source materials have been excavated and removed for off-site treatment and disposal The selected ground water remedy has not yet been implemented due to concems with promoting migration ofthe ground water plume from the neighboring Alaric Site A pilot-scale bioremediation treatability study is underway and will hopefijlly aid in the selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site The affected surficial aquifer in the vicinity ofthe Site is not used for potable water supply and area residents and businesses are connected to municipal water supply In order for the remedy to be protective in the long-term issues concerning implementation of a revised ground water remedy and institutional should be addressed

Five-Year Review Summary Form

SITE IDENTIFICATION Site name (fnnn WasteLAN) Helena Chemical Company (Tampa Plant) EPA ID (from WasteLAN) FLD053502696

Region 4 State Florida CityCounty TanipaHillsborough County

S I T E S T A T U S

NPL status ^ Final D Deleted D Other (specify) Remediation status (choose all that apply) ^ Under Construction HH Operating Q Complete Multiple OUs D YES ^ NO ^ ^ bdquo bdquo ^ ^ v^ Has site been put into reuse [^ YES I I NO Site is in c

Construction completion date Not Applicable ontiiiued use by the Helena Clieiiiical Company

R E V I E W S T A T U S

Lead agency | ^ EPA I I State I I Tribe I I Other Federal Agency

4uthor name Sabrina Foster and Cliristy Fielden (Reviewed by EPA) Author title Associate and Project Manager uthor affiliation E Inc

Review period 04152010 to 01312011 Date(s) of site inspection 07082010

Type of review IXI Post-SARA n Pre-SARA I I Non-NPL Remedial Action Site I I Regional Discretion

n NPL-Remova only n NPL StateTribe-lead

Review nuniber Q 1 (First) ^ 2 (second) Q 3 (third) bull Other (specify)

Triggering action I I Actual RA Onsite Construction at 0U I I Construction Completion I I Other (specify)

n Actual RA Start at 0U 1X1 Previous Five-Year Review Report

Triggering action date (from WasteLAM) 01312006 Due date (fiveyears after triggering action date) 0131 201 1

OU refers lo operable unit] [Review period should correspond to lhe actual start and end dates ofthe Five-Year Review in WasteLAN]

Five-Year Review Summary Form continued

Issues 1) A revised ground water remedy for the Site has not been selected or implemented and sampling events continue to detect COC concentrations in groutid water that are greater than cleanup goals 2) Land use restrictions for the Site have not yet been implemented 3) The ARARs for aldrin alpha-BHC beta-BHC and dieldrin have become more stringent since the signing ofthe 1996 ROD

Recommendations and Follow-up Actions 1) At the conclusion ofthe current pilot study evaluate results and if appropriate document the selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Sile 2) During the future modification ofthe selected ground water remedy evaluate the need for soil and sediment source control institutional controls and for additional ground water institutional controls and implement as appropriate

Protectiveness Statement The Sites remedy cuiTently protects human health and the environment in the short-term because it is functioning as intended by the Sites decision documents for soil and sediment Source materials have been excavated and removed for off-site treatment and disposal The selected ground water remedy has not yet been implemented due to concems with promoting migration ofthe ground water plume from the neighboring Alaric Site A pilot-scale bioremediation treatability study is underway and vvill hopefully aid in the selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site The affected surficial aquifer in the vicinity ofthe Site is not used for potable water supply and area residents and businesses are connected to municipal water supply In order for the remedy to be protective in the long-term issues concerning implementation of a revised ground water remedy and institutional controls should be addressed

Other Coniments Deed records for the Site could not be located tlirough the Hillsborough County Deed Records Office or tlirough an EPA property title search If evaluation of appropriate institutional controls for the Site results in the selection of a restrictive covenant these deed records will need to be located for the restrictive covenant to be implemented

Environmental Indicators - Current hunian exposures at this site are under control - Current ground water migration is not under control

Are Necessarv Institutional Controls in Place n All lEl Some D None A Memorandum of Agreement between EPA and the Southwest Florida Water Management District (SWFWMD) confirms SWFWMDs authority to regulate ground water well use and to impose additional restrictions for the Site and surrounding area Current and anticipated ftiture land uses and zoning are consistent with the industrial criteria used in selection of Site cleanup goals At the request ofthe FDEP once a revised ground water remedy has been selected the Site will be further evaluated to detennine whether additional institutional controls are required

Has the Site Been Designated as Site-Wide Readv for Anticipated Use D Yes ^ No

Second Five-Year Review Report for

Helena Chemicai Company (Tampa Plant) Superfund Site

10 Introduction

The purpose of a Five-Year Review (FYR) is to evaluate the implementation and perfoimance of a remedy in order to detemiine if the remedy will confinue to be protective of human health and the environinent The methods findings and conclusions of FYRs are documented in five-year review reports In addition FYR reports identify issues found during the review ifany and document recommendations to address them

The US Environmental Protecfion Agency (EPA) prepares FYRs pursuant to the Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA) Section 121 and the National Confingency Plan (NCP) CERCLA Secfion 121 states

If the President selects a remedial action that results in any hazardous substances pollutants or contaminants remaining at the site the President shall review such remedial action no less often than each five years after the initiation of such remedial action to assure that human health and the environinent are being protected by the remedial action being implemented In addition if upon such review it is the judgment ofthe President that acfion is appropriate at such site in accordance with section [104] or [106] the President shall take or require such action The President shall report to the Congress a list of facilifies for which such review is required the results of all such reviews and any actions taken as a result of such reviews

EPA interpreted this requirement further in the NCP Title 40 ofthe Code of Federal Regulafions (CFR) Secfion 300430(f)(4)(ii) states

If a remedial acfion is selected that results in hazardous substances pollutants or contaminants remaining at the site above levels that allow for unlimited use and unrestricted exposure the lead agency shall review such actions no less often than every five years after the initiation ofthe selected remedial action

E Inc an EPA Region 4 contractor conducted the FYR and prepared this report regarding the remedy implemented at the Helena Chemical Company (Tampa Plant) Site (the Site) in Tampa Hillsborough County Florida This FYR was conducted from April of 2010 to January of 2011 EPA is the lead agency for developing and implementing the remedy for the potentially responsible party (PRP)-financed cleanup at the Site The Florida Department of Environmental Protection (FDEP) as the support agency representing the State of Florida has reviewed all supporting documentafion and provided input to EPA during the FYR process

This is the second FYR for the Site The triggering action for this statutory review is the previous FYR in 2006 The FYR is required due to the fact that hazardous substances pollutants or contaminants remain at the Site above levels that allow for unlimited use and unrestricted exposure

20 Site Chronology

The following table lists the dates of important events for the Site

Table 1 Chronology of Site Events

Event Initial discovery of contamination Site proposed for the National Priorities List (NPL) Administrative Order on Consent between EPA and Helena Chemical Company remedial investigation and feasibility study (RIFS) start date Site listed on the NPL RIFS completed -Record of Decision (ROD) signed Unilateral Administrative Order and Consent Decree issued by EPA to Helena Chemical Company for implementation of remedial design (RD) and remedial action (RA) RD start date Soil RD completion date and RA start date Soil RA completed RD for sulfur area started RD for sulfur area completed Explanation of Significant Differences (ESD) for xylene issued Consent Decree issued by EPA to Helena Cheinical Company for cost recovery First FYR signed Memorandum of Agreement signed between EPA Region 4 and Southwest Florida Water Management District (SWFWMD) Pilot test for ground water and interini monitoring program start

Date August I 1980

February 7 1992 September 2 1992

October 14 1992 Iuly20 1995 Mav 7 1996

December 10 1996

December 26 1996 Februan 142000

March 7 2001 March 182003

May 8 2003 lanuary 27 2005

July 20 2005

January 31 2006 September 11 2008

August 2009

30 Background

31 Physical Characteristics

The Site is located at 2405 North 71^ Street within the City of Tampa in Hillsborough County Florida (Figure 1) This active commercial and industrial land use area is known as Orient Park or Bunchville An acfive CSX railway line mns along the southem border ofthe Site The active main operating facility is on a single 65-acre parcel (Parcel A-I4-29-19-4CA-000000-000220) bounded by Orient Road to the east East 14 Avenue to the north and North 71^ Street to the west Three additional parcels (Parcel A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000320 Parcel A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000330 and Parcel A-14-29-19-4CE-000003-000010) totaling 197 acres located west of North 71 Street are also included as part ofthe Site and are known as the Helena Woods The Site is situated between two other Superfund sites I) the Alaric Area Ground Water Plume Superfund Site (Alaric Site) to the north ofthe Helena Woods area and to the west ofthe main operating facility and 2) the Stauffer Chemical Company (Tampa) Superfund Site to the southeast ofthe Site on the southem side ofthe CSX railroad tracks

The Site is approximately 05 miles west of Six Mile Creek and the Tampa Bypass Canal The Site is subject to flooding during periods of intense and extended rainfall Surface water at the Site is composed entirely of stonnwater mnoff and the sediment remediation in the Sites selected remedy addresses sediment deposited by this overland flow Stonnwater mnoff from the central portion ofthe Site channels into concrete drainage swales and flows into an on-site retention pond located in the southeastem comer ofthe operating facility parcel The retenfion pond is designed to hold stonnwater mnoff during a 20-year stonn A spillway at the southeastem corner ofthe retention pond allows overflow to drain into a drainage ditch parallel to the CSX railroad tracks The retention pond is part ofthe mnoff control system at the Site and does not constitute a significant ecological habitat

On the westem and northem boundaries ofthe operating facility parcel stonnwater flows to the southwest where it collects in a low-lying section ofthe Helena Woods area and then flows to the north via a paired ditchculvert system along the east and west shoulders of North 71st Street On the east boundary surface water flow continues south along the ditch parallel to Orient Road Drainage tums eastward through a culvert under Orient Road then travels east-northeast for approximately 05 miles The drainage pathway continues through a swale on the north side ofthe CSX right-of-way

Surficial deposits at the Site consist of a thin three to six inch layer of topsoil and sediment covering fine- to medium-grained sands These deposits extend approximately 11 feet below the ground surface (bgs) and are primarily unconsolidated brown fineshygrained sands with traces of organic matter clay silt medium-grained sand and shells The surficial deposits fonn a sharp contact with the underlying Intemiediate Confining Unit which is a stiff intemiediate clay unit between the overlying surficial aquifer and the underlying poorly consolidated limestones that grade into more indurated limestones

11

The bottom portions ofthe surficial unit are saturated year-round the water table fluctuates drasfically with precipitation with seasonal high-water tables rising to within one foot bgs The clay ofthe Intermediate Confining Unit or intennediate aquifer system has low hydraulic pemieability and fonns the semi-confining unit between the ground water of the surficial aquifer and the Floridan aquifer The Upper Floridan aquifer is encountered at approximately 80 feet bgs Moderately indurated clayey sandy limestone is present in the upper section ofthe Floridan aquifer

Ground water flow at the Site is oriented in a radial pattem to the northeast east southeast south and southwest Gradients are the highest in the southeastem direction and lowest toward the northeast and southwest

12

Figure I Site Location Map

Helena Chemical Company Superfund Site Tampa HiHsborough County Florida

Disclaimer This map and any boundary lines within the map are approximate and subject to change The map is not a survey The map is for informational purposes only regarding EPAs response actions at the Site and is not intended for any other purpose

13

Figure 2 Detailed Site Map

~ vHak Area Ground Water Plume Site t

h-V -bull

^

KbullVI^tHl

-

4 ^

See Figure 3 _JSCnSt detail

T--

bdquo bdquo ^ bdquo I

1

I C ^ bullbull

Stauffer Chemical Company (Tampa) Site

Zi

Lagand [ __ ftppronmals Boundary at Suf id A q u h i Gtowid VUMCf Plume L ^ BounMry

17 AjipxiitrratD Boundary of inMimodixe Aqutar System Grcurd Matnr Plume ^ Priaiate WWis Found D i ^ r ^ Sts inapecVon

bull lnlBiniediraquoIeA^u-fcrSyilBT MonlaingwVei Incnaed in Monilonnj Program S SurfcalApufcr Mantarng WBK Incliided in Manitomg Prcgran

^ Weimedisie Aquilei Sysle-n Moiatof Kig Well Not lncjltteltlaquo in Monltonng Progiain pound Suifcal Aqullte Montamo Well Not Inoufled n Monilonrraquo8 Pr agiam

Helena Chemical Company Superfund Site Tampa Hillsborough County Florida

y Disclaimer This map and any boundary lines within the map are approximate and subject to change The map is not a survey The map is for informational purposes only regarding EPAs response actions at the Site and is not intended for any other purpose

14

32 Land and Resource Use

The Site has been used for the manufacture storage and distribution of agricultural products since 1929 The original Site owner Flag Sulfur Company fomiulated a wide variety of insecticides herbicides and fungicides including wettable and dusting sulfur at the Site from 1929 until 1967 Helena Chemical Company acquired the business in 1967 and continued manufacturing operations In 1981 Helena Chemical Company

moved the pesticides herbicides and fiingicides fonnulation operafions to a facility in Georgia in 1981 and the Tampa facility has confinued fomiulating and packaging insecticidal spray oil and liquid fertilizers since that time The Site also serves as Helena Chemical Companys main distribution warehouse for sales locations in the State of Florida

The Site consists of four land parcels within a secured Site perimeter fence The largest of these parcels (65 acres) contains the active Helena Chemical Company offices warehouses and distribufion centers as well as associated paved parking areas This parcel (A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000220) is presenfly zoned for light industrial land uses The Planning Commission serving Hillsborough County the City of Plant City the City of Temple Terrace and the City of Tampa anticipates this parcels fijture land use to be heavy industrial The three smaller parcels forming the Helena Woods area are covered by low grassy vegetation and oak trees and also contain several ground water monitoring wells for the Alaric Site located immediately to the north Two ofthe Helena Woods parcels are listed as being vacant and the third is zoned for a mobile home park The Planning Commission anficipates that all three parcels will be zoned for heavy industrial use in the future North 7P Street fomierly crossed the CSX railroad tracks to the south ofthe Site but the road was closed after an accident at the crossing The street now dead ends at the entrance gate to the tmck loading area on the Helena Cheinical Company property and the closed section of street between the entrance gate and the railroad tracks is included within the Site perimeter fencing

Surrounding land uses predominanfly include various light and heavy industrial uses as well as commercial land uses Small pockets of single family residences are located several blocks to the north and to the west ofthe Site Buildings on the Site and throughout the area impacted by site-related ground water contaniination are connected to municipal water supply lines None ofthe ground water wells impacted by contamination fi^om the Site are used for potable water supply

33 History of Contamination

The facility was built in 1929 as a chemical plant for the production of sulfur and was owned and operated by Flag Sulfur Conipany No historical records regarding the specific products formulated during Flag Sulfijr Company operafions are available but previous facility managers indicated that the conipany manufactured wettable and dusting sulfijr and fomiulated pesticides herbicides fungicides and fertilizers at the Site In 1967 Helena Chemical Conipany purchased the facility fi^om Duval Corporation the owner of Flag Sulfur Company From 1967 to 1981 Helena Chemical Conipany produced

15

wettable and dusting sulfur and fomiulated pesticides herbicides fungicides and fertilizers at the Site The company purchased the raw niaterials fi^oiii suppliers and added solvent emulsifiers andor surfactant to give the finished product certain characteristics required for various applications and strengths

Historically most agricultural chemical fonnulation occurred in the East Warehouse building located in the south central portion ofthe main operating facility parcel The fonnulation process for liquid products would consist of mixing a technical chemical with various solvents a surfactant andor emulsifiers in aboveground mixing vessels in the East Warehouse building Various solvents including xylene and an intemiediate range petroleum solvent called T-500 were used as pesticide carriers or diluents These solvents were stored on site in aboveground storage tanks A 3500-galIon capacity aboveground xylene storage tank was historically located in a benned area to the east of the East Warehouse building This tank was vandalized in 1977 causing a release of xylene to the soil and ground water below

In 1974 Helena Cheinical Company began using a three-tank pollution control system to handle the wash-down waste generated from pesticide manufacturing The wash-down waste consisted primarily of pesticides in a xylene carrier It was diluted with other process water and stonnwater treated vvith caustic soda run through an aeration evaporation treatnient system and finally discharged to the on-site stomiwater retention pond Sludges associated with the treatment system were periodically removed and shipped to the Chemical Waste Management Inc facility in Emelle Alabama for appropriate disposal At an undetemiined time between 1984 and 1988 use ofthe three-tank pollution control system was discontinued

According to the 1996 ROD the on-site stomiwater retention pond may have received some overflow waste from the East Warehouse building before the pollution control tanks were installed in 1974 During construction ofthe retention pond soil in the southeastem portion ofthe Site was removed using backhoes and placed in the Helena Woods area While the Helena Woods area was never used for agricultural chemical fonnulation or packaging contaniination in this area is attributed to the dredge niaterials irom the retention pond and to treatinent with pesticides and herbicides during routine maintenance activities

Dry products were formulated in the east end ofthe West Warehouse building just south ofthe loading dock using a Raymond Mill for grinding and a set of ribbon blenders for mixing Helena Chemical Company would then package the finished product for resale Both Flag Sulfur Company and Helena Chemical Conipany manufactured sulfiir dust and wettable sulfur on site Flag Sulfur Companys operations are largely unknown Helena Chemical Companys sulfur processing operations consisted of transporting molten sulfur to the Site and unloading the sulfur in the fonner sulfijr pit area located south ofthe current central paved courtyard between the West and East Warehouse buildings The sulfur was contained in berms for a period of approximately 48 hours until it had solidified Heavy equipment was then used to break the sulfur into pieces for processing through the Raymond Mill

16

34 Initial Response

In 1976 Helena Chemical Company stopped processing sulfijr products The fomier sulfur pit area was excavated and then filled with clean sand In 1980 the fomiulation of dry fertilizers was also discontinued at the facility In 1981 Helena Chemical Company moved the pesticide herbicide and fungicide fonnulation operation to a company facility in Georgia Since 1981 Helena Chemical Company has fomiulated insecficidal petroleum oil (a 70-viscosity paraffin-based oil with an emulsifier additive) and liquid fertilizers at the Site In addition to products produced at the facility numerous agricultural products are stored in the warehouse prior to distribution to Helena Chemical

- Companys Florida sales offices mdash

In 1984 FDEP inspected the Site and required quarterly monitoring ofthe surficial aquifer From 1988 to 1990 EPA investigated the Site and found pesticide contaniination in the on-site soil sediment and surficial aquifer Based on the potential for hunian exposure via ingestion of contaminated ground water EPA proposed the Site for listing on the NPL in Febmary 1992 and finalized the listing in October 1992

The Florida Department of Health and Rehabilitative Services (FHRS the predecessor of FDEP) in cooperation with the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry prepared a public health assessment for the Site in September 1993 In that report FHRS expressed concem for on-site worker contact with contaminated soil and exposure to sediment and ground water FHRS made several recommendations that additional data should be collected Under a September 1992 Consent Order with EPA Helena Cheinical Coinpany perfonned a RIFS at the Site The primary objectives ofthe invesfigation were to detemiine the nature magnitude and extent of contamination evaluate potential risks to human health and the environinent and evaluate potential cleanup altematives Site operations have remained active throughout site investigations and remedial activities

35 Basis for Taking Action

The results ofthe RIFS documented extensive surface soil and sediment contaniination including pesticides semivolatile organic compounds and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) related to fonner operations by Helena Chemical Company and its predecessors The investigations also documented contamination of ground water in the surficial aquifer and intemiediate aquifer systems with chlorinated pesticides polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons phenols and VOCs A human health risk assessment perfonned by Black and Veatch in 1994 concluded that risks to current and future site workers current and future trespassers and potential future Site residents exceeded acceptable risk and hazard thresholds

17

40 Remedial Actions

In accordance with CERCLA and the NCP the ovemiding goals for any remedial action are protecfion of human health and the environment and compliance with applicable or relevant and appropriate requirements (ARARs) A nuinber of remedial altemafives were considered for the Site fmal selection was made based on an evaluafion ofeach altemative against nine evaluation criteria that are specified in Secfion 300430(e)(9)(iii) ofthe NCP The nine criteria include

L Overall Protectiveness of Human Health and the Environment 2 Compliance with ARARs 3 Long-Tenn Effectiveness and Pennanence 4 Reduction of Toxicity Mobility or Volume of Contaminants through Treatment 5 Short-temi Effectiveness 6 Implementability 7 Cost 8 State Acceptance 9 Community Acceptance

41 Remedy Selection

EPA issued the site-wide ROD on May 7 1996 Based on the results ofthe Sites RIFS EPA detennined that remediation of soil sediment and ground water would be required for the protection of huinan health and the environment Remedial action objecfives (RAOs) established in the ROD for the Site include

bull Restore the Site to beneficial use bull Reduce risk to human health within EPAs acceptable risk range (ie total

residual cancer risk between 1 x 10 to 1 x 10 and maximum individual contaminant Hazard Quotient of 1)

bull Reduce ecological risk bull Protect ground water from continued degradation by Site contaminants

The remedy selected in the Sites 1996 ROD consisted ofthe following remedial components for source control in soil and sediment

Implement institutional controls (ie fencing (cumenfiy considered an engineering control) and deed restrictions) Demolish tank fanii pads east ofthe liquid processing building (East Warehouse) and dispose ofthe debris offsite Excavate material from the fonner sulfur pit and dispose of excavated materials offsite Neutralize soil in place if located in areas where sulfur is present but inaccessible Excavate contaminated surface soil and sediment (zero to two feet) where concentrations exceed soil cleanup goals Biologically treat contaminated surface soil and sediment

bull Place treated soil back on site

Major components ofthe ground water remedy selected in the 1996 ROD include

bull Extract contaminated ground water bull Treat contaminated ground water to meet surface water discharge standards bull Discharge treated ground water to on-site ponds or to the Tampa Bypass Canal

under a National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System pemiit bull Place controls on Site to restrict the use of ground water beneath the Site through

the filing of deed notices in order to limit exposure to contaminated ground water until cleanup goals are met

The 1996 ROD selected cleanup goals for contaminants of concem (COCs) in both ground water and surface soil (Table 2) As Site data suggested that sediments with pesticide contamination attributable to the Site were primarily present in drainage ditches that were typically dry remediation of sediment in Site drainage features was to be managed using the surface soil cleanup goals protective of hunian health The 1996 ROD also selected a confingency remedy for Site soil and sediment If treatability studies demonstrated that the selected biological treatinent remedy could not achieve the performance standards listed in Table 2 low temperature themial desorption (LTTD) was to be used in lieu ofthe biological treatnient

Table 2 COCs and Cleanup Goals

bull bull - y y Contaminant of Concern

44-dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (44-DDT) Aldrin Alpha-benzene hexachloride (Alpha-BHC) Beta-benzene hexachloride (Beta-BHC) Gamma-benzene hexachloride (Gamma-BHC) Chlordane Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane (DDD) Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) Dieldrin Endosulfan 1 Endosulfan II Heptachlor Heptachlor epoxide Total xylenes Toxaphene

Ground Water 7 Cleanup Goal

(micrograms per liter ^gL)

03

005

005

01

02

NA NA NA NA 01

7

2 NA NA 20 NA

Surface Soil and Sediment Cleanup Goal

(milligrams per kilogram mgkg)

NA

018

047

NA

NA

23 126 89 89

019 NA NA 067 034 NA 276

NA not applicable

19

In January 2005 EPA issued an Explanation of Significant Differences (ESD) to modify part ofthe remedy described in the 1996 ROD The purpose ofthe ESD was to modify the xylene cleanup goal for ground water from 20 micrograms per liter (|JgL) per the Florida secondary maximum contaminant level (MCL) to 10000 (igL per the State and federal primary MCL Secondary MCLs are non-mandatory standards under the Superfund prograin and are not enforceable by EPA however they are a component of the State of Floridas drinking water statute State and federal primary MCLs are enforceable standards established to protect the public against consumption of drinking water that presents a risk to huinan health The ESD also called for continued monitoring ofthe effecfiveness ofthe xylene treatnient and for evaluation of further remedial actions should the presence of xylene a solvent mobilize residual soil pesticide contaminants into ground water

42 Remedy Implementation

Remedial design and remedial actions for soil sediment and ground water at the Site are being implemented by the Helena Chemical Company under a 1996 Unilateral Administrative Order An additional Consent Decree was filed in 2005 for EPA to recover past and future costs incurred and to require Helena Cheinical Conipany to pay EPA oversight costs at the Site and at a separate Site in South Carolina also owned by Helena Chemical Coinpany

Soil and Sediment Source Control

In 1999 additional grid-based sampling was conducted in the xylene source area (east of the East Warehouse building) to detemiine the boundaries for the soil removal excavation Bench-scale studies were performed by EPAs Ecosystems Research Division and EPAs Science and Ecosystems Support Division to investigate the effectiveness of incorporating zero-valent iron in soil to facilitate abiotic degradation of chlorinated pesticides These studies were implemented in 1999 but were tenninated early due to lack of measurable COC degradation Helena Chemical Company then explored the option of using the Xenorein bioremediation process which had been successfijlly implemented on the adjacent Stauffer Chemical Co (Tampa) Superfund site The extent of contamination prevented direct application ofthe Xenorem approach at the Site Helena Chemical Conipany learned however that an off-site disposal facility the Waste Management Inc hazardous waste treatment facility in Carlyss Louisiana (facility nuniber LAD0007772010P1) had been authorized to bioremediate wastes in July 1998 and could potentially accept the excavated Site materials for bioremediafion at the off-site facility EPA approved the change from on-site to off-site treatinent and disposal of contaminated soil and sediment in a letter dated Febmary 14 2000

The 1996 ROD had also stipulated LTTD as a contingency soil treatment should biological treatinent be ineffective EPA requested this contingency be explored in 1999 Helena Chemical Coinpany retained Focus Environmental Inc to perfonn the evaluation ofthe contingency treatinent The evaluation concluded that LTTD was not a practical remedy for the Site primarily due to concems related to elevated sulfijr concentrations in

20

soil which would require air pollution controls to remove acid gas generated by the treatnient as well as space limitations on the Site which would not pemiit an efficient layout and operafion ofthe treatment and material handling units

In 2000 Helena Chemical Conipany excavated 7700 tons of pesticide-contaminated soil fi-om the Site including the xylene source area and an additional 600 tons of pesticide-contaminated soil and sediment from the drainage ditch area along the CSX railway right-of-way just south ofthe Site Soil was transported to the Waste Manageinent Inc facility in Carlyss Louisiana for bioremediation andoff-site disposal Surface soils were excavated to a depth of two feet According to the 1996 ROD the water table in the area fluctuates between two and four feet bgs Therefore the excavation of surface soils to two feet bgs would address soil contaminafion above the water table but not contaniination existing below the water table The excavation areas were lined with an --indicator fabric prior to backfilling the areas with clean inaterials and seeded with grass where appropriate

Delineation activifies to detemiine the extent of sulfur contaniination in the fonner sulfur pit area were perfonned from 2001 through 2003 and remedial work was perfomied in two separate phases A metal building covering much ofthe area where sulfijr remedial work was to be perfonned was dismanfled and transported offsite for recycling During phase 1 remedial work performed in 2004 soil and concrete were excavated from the elevated loading dock area and the west side ofthe tank fann for off-site treatinent and disposal During phase II remedial work perfonned in 2005 soil and concrete were excavated from the northem tank fann and fonner warehouse boundaries Approximately 3000 tons of soil and crystallized (fomierly molten) sulfur were removed during the 2004 and 2005 removal activities and also shipped to the Waste Management Inc facility in Carlyss Louisiana for off-site disposal

The 2005 ESD changed the xylene ground water cleanup goal from 20 |JgL to 10000 ^gL Since the presence of xylene in ground water could mobilize residual pesticide contamination in soil into ground water the ESD included post-treatment monitoring of the xylene area This monitoring includes all COCs established in the 1996 ROD and a specific assessment of whether the remaining xylene concentrations are sufficiently low to ensure that cosolvency is not facilitating the transport of residual pesticides that might be lingering in the soil If cosolvency is found to be mobilizing residual pesticide contaminants fi-om soil to ground water this assessment will be used to detennine whether further active treatment of xylene to below the federal and state primary standard is necessary

Ground Water

The ground water remedy described in the 1996 ROD has not yet been implemented at the Site due to discovery of contaminafion and investigations at the adjacent Alaric Site and concems that the selected remedy would potentially cause further contaminafion of the aquifer systems Altemative ground water treatments are currently being investigated in the pilot-scale treatability study underway at the Site Supplemental data collection and

21

ground water plume delineafion studies began in 1998 Ground water sampling perfonned in existing surficial aquifer and intemiediate aquifer system monitoring wells in Febmary 1998 resulted in the installation of additional surficial aquifer wells south of the Site to further delineate the nature and extent of contaniination The results ofthis study also detemiined the need for further investigation of ground water contamination in the xylene area (location of 1977 release immediately east ofthe East Warehouse on the Site Figure 3) in the sulfijr area (locafion ofthe fonner sulfiir pit in central courtyard on the Site Figure 3) and in the intemiediate aquifer system

Field activities to address the recommendations ofthe Febmary 1998 investigation were implemented in April 2001 Eight additional monitoring wells (MW-24 through MW-31 Figure 2) were installed south and east ofthe Site on City of Tampa rights-of-way to monitor the extent of contamination in the surficial aquifer Contamination was also identified in shallow areas ofthe intermediate aquifer system Ground water sampling and supplemental field activities were perfonned from October 2002 through January 2003 These activities included intennediate aquifer invesfigations xylene source area invesfigations downgradient surficial aquifer monitoring well installation and sulfur area invesfigations Additional intermediate aquifer system monitoring wells (MW-32 and MW-33 Figure 2) were installed along Orient Road during a November 2002 comprehensive ground water sampling event The new wells were installed to provide intemiediate monitoring points for xylene pesficide and herbicide contamination

While the 2002 and 2003 field acfivities were being perfonned significant chlorinated solvent contamination from the adjacent Alaric Site was discovered in both the surficial aquifer and intennediate aquifer systems this contamination was commingling with the westem portion ofthe Sites ground water plume The implementation ofthe ground water pump-and-treat remedy selected for the Site had the potential to exacerbate contaminant plume migration from the Alaric Site For this reason EPA detennined that implementation ofthe pump-and-treat remedy for the Site should be delayed until delineation and remediation ofthe surficial aquifer at the Alaric Site is completed

Additional comprehensive ground water sampling events were perfonned in May 2005 to provide a baseline for water quality following complefion ofthe sulfur area removal acfions and in December 2006 to detennine current condifions across the monitoring well network Selected wells were also sampled in March August and November 2007 and January 2008 to gauge the overall effectiveness ofthe sulfur area removal in addressing source contaminafion ofthe surficial aquifer Given the probability that the selected pump-and-treat remedy for ground water at the Site would be incompatible with ground water treatnient activities being designed at the adjacent Alaric Site several altemafive management approaches to address ground water contamination in the sulfur area and associated plume were explored

In June 2009 Helena Chemical Conipany presented EPA with a Pilot Test and Interim Monitoring Work Plan to address ground water contamination without implementing the pump-and-treat remedy EPA approved the Work Plan in August 2009 and implementation began in August 2009 The pilot study is expected to last for one year

22

with an additional one-year contingency period The work plan addresses four critical areas of source control and monitoring the sulfur area the xylene area supplemental monitoring efforts and interim ground water monitoring activities while pilot testing is underway

Sulfijr Area Pilot Study

The pilot study objecfive in the sulfijr area is to detennine whether buffering pH and introducing zero-valent iron will allow natural degradation of benzene hexachloride (BHC) and sulfates in the source area through biological or physical mechanisms Low pH elevated sulfate and residual sulfiir in the sulfur area are thought to be inhibiting natural biological degradation processes and minimizing the physical attenuafion of contaminants within the aquifer-matrix which would typically occur through adsorpfion-and aqueous chemical reactions such as hydrolysis Given the residual sulfur in the soil which continues to act as a long-term source for sulfuric acid sulfate control was required in addition to pH controls Zero-valent iron was selected as the primary pilot study treatment technology for the sulfur area because it has been used effectively to facilitate abiofic degradation of BHCs is effecfive at moderating pH and acts as an oxygen scavenger limiting any future oxidafion of residual sulfur in the soil Additional neutralization with lime andor hydroxides and biological sulfate reduction may also be utilized to control pH levels if necessary

Two sulfur study areas known as the East Plot and the West Plot have been implemented in the central courtyard ofthe Site on either side ofthe fomier sulfur pit location (Figure 3) Each plot consists of eight injection wells Cheinical injections were administered in the third quarter of 2009 and sampling is being conducted at 60-day interals for the 360 days following the injections

Xylene Area Pilot Study

The xylene pilot test was designed to gauge the effectiveness of anaerobic biodegradatlon in degrading xylene and residual BHCs Total xylene concentrafions have declined since the 2000 soil removal action in the former xylene tank area but have remained above cleanup goals Site conditions such as low pH lack of nutrients and lack of electron accepting substrates (eg nitrate iron and sulfate) were thought to be limiting xylene and BHC degradadon The pilot test also sought to increase degradation rates without introducing treatments that would complicate efforts in the adjacent sulfijr pilot study bull area so the xylene treatinent was designed in consideration ofthe existing anaerobic Site conditions

One xylene pilot study area was implemented in the fonner xylene tank area (Figure 3) The plot includes six injection wells and 12 monitoring wells The first round of nutrient and electron acceptor substrate injections was perfonned in the third quarter of 2009 and the second round of injections was perfomied in the fourth quarter of 2009 As with the sulfijr pilot study area sampling is being conducted at 60-day intervals for the 360 days following the first round of injections

23

Monitoring Acfivities

Supplemental monitoring efforts in the work plan include installation of monitoring wells on the Fesfive Floats property located directly south ofthe Site on the opposite side of the CSX railway tracks and addifional investigation to detemiine the northem extent of low pH and elevated sulfate and BHC concentrations Until a revised ground water remedy is selected for the Site interini ground water monitoring activities in both the surficial and intermediate aquifer systems will include sampling every nine months to assess seasonal variability in concentrations and monitor for any changes in COC concentrations

24

Figure 3 Map of Pilot Study Area

r

SWTBD

swTZD s w n u

StfT-HD A I ^ raquoswr3u SWTU

swrsu

West Warehouse

SETTO SET1U

SET3U SETD A y A J

I SETSD

sensD raquo SETsu

5ET7U

X40

XI6D

^^xth 7 -^ ^IZD-- ^

_ X S U X8D B^=^X12tJ bull bull X l fU

X8U xi f lD

Legend

bull Surflclat Adulter Sulfur Arlaquoa P M Test Wall

Surlicii i AquHler Xylene Area Ptky Test Ir^ctnsn MHI

bull Suifidal Aquilei Xylene Area Pikx Tesl Monilming Well

I Sile Bounoaiv J Fee 90 too

L 7WL o NORTH

Figure 3 Site Map

Pilot Study Areas

Helena Chemical Company Superfund Site Tampa Hillsborough County Flonda

Disclaimer This map and any boundary lines within the map are approximate and subject to change The map is not a survey The map is for informational purposes only regarding EPAs response actions at the Site and is not intended for any other purpose

25

43 Operation and Maintenance (OampM)

The 1996 ROD anticipated that the ground water pump-and-treat system would be operated at the Site for a 30-year period and estimated that OampM ofthe system would cost $1289000 over the course ofthe 30 years The ground water remedy selected in the 1996 ROD has not yet been implemented due to developments at the adjacent Alaric Site and ongoing pilot testing at the Site As remedial activities continue with pilot testing there are no OampM acfivities undei-way at the Site and the activities to be addressed in a site OampM plan will depend on the future revised remedy for ground water for the Site

26

50 Progress Since the Last Five-Year Review

The protectiveness statement from the 2006 FYR for the Site stated the following

77^ remedy implemenled at the [Helena Chemical Company Tampa Site currently protects human health and the environment because source area actions implemented for pesticide-contaminated soil and the sulfur pit source area have been completed during this review period Additional evaluations of low pH conditions will be performed to assess the need for supplemental neutralization in conjunction with future groundwater actions No remedial actions for groundwater have been implemented at this time Site data evaluations and remedy evaluations will ensure the remedy will be protective In the interim exposure pathways that could result in unacceptable risks are incomplete Conditions-at the site are not expected to change in the near future given the area s land use (commercialindustrial) However in order for the remedy to be protective in the long term the following actions need to be taken a full evaluation ofthe need for deed reslriclions and if necessary they will be imposed

The 2006 FYR included three issues and recommendafions Table 3 summarizes each recommendation and its current status

Table 3 Progress on Recommendations from the 2006 FYR

Section

51

Recommendations

EPA FDEP and Helena Chemical Company will discuss ground water remedy issues including the need for fijrther assessment of natural attenuation processes Dialogue will generate a priority list for evaluation identify evaluation teclmiques and establish an evaluation timetable Ground water remedy discussions will be initiated by the second quarter of 2006

Parties Responsible

EPA FDEP Helena

Chemical Company

Milestone Date

4302006

Action Taken and Ontcome

Discussions between EPA FDEP and Helena Chemical Company have resulted in the development of a pilot testing work plan to explore treatment options for enliancing biological and physical degradation processes This pilot study was initiated in August 2009

Date of Action

08312009

27

Section

52

53

Recommendations

EPA FDEP and Helena Chemical Company will evaluate ylene source area issues Discussions will include prioritization of any additional RD activities evaluation of remedial cleanup goals etc Xylene remedy discussions will be initiated by the first quarter of 2006

Helena Chemical Company will evaluate the requirements for implementing deed restrictions on the property and whether any remedy-specific requirements must be incorporated into the institutional control A fiill evaluation ofthe need for deed restrictions will be made and if necessary they will be imposed This evaluation will be completed by the fourth quarter of 2006

Parties Responsible

EPA FDEP Helena

Chemical Company

Helena Chemical Company

Milestone Date

4302006

12312006

Action Taken and Outcome-

Pilot test program discussions between EPA FDEP and Helena Chemical Company have resulted in the development of a work plan to explore effectiveness of anaerobic degradation of xylene and BHCs This pilot study was initiated in August 2009

EPA and FDEP are is discussions regarding the restrictive covenant for the Sites soil in order to prevent exposure Land use zoning is consistent vvith soil cleanup criteria and land use is not anticipated to change in the foreseeable future Ground water institutional controls are enforced through an EPA Memorandum of Agreement with the Southwest Florida Water Management District

Date of Action

08312009

Pending

51 Ground Water Remedy Discussions

The ground water pump-and-treat remedy selected in the 1996 ROD has not been implemented due to potential complications arising from commingling ofthe Sites ground water contaminants with those from the adjacent Alaric Site A Pilot Study and Interini Monitoring Work Plan was approved by EPA and implementation began in August 2009 The Work Plan describes the investigafion of chemical injecfions to enhance and facilitate natural physical and biological degradation rates for contaminants in the sulfiir area and in the xylene area The study is designed to assess the following questions

bull Is degradation occurring under pilot conditions

bull Can aquifer geochemistry be adjusted to facilitate remediafion

bull What is the longevity of amendments being injected

28

bull What zone of discharge is developed following injection and what is the expected duration ofthe zone of discharge

The study was scheduled to continue for 12 months with a contingency period of another 12 months if necessary At the conclusion ofthe study these questions will be addressed to detennine next steps in selecting an appropriate ground water remedy for the Site A final report documenting the effecfiveness ofthe first full year ofthe treatability study was not available at the fime this FYR report was drafted therefore a decision regarding whether to implement the additional 12 month contingency period had also not been made

52 Xylene Source Area Discussions

As noted in Section 51 EPA approved the Pilot Study and Interini Monitoring Work Plan in 2009 Per the Work Plan two rounds of nutrient and electron acceptor substrate were injected in the xylene area in late 2009 The injections are expected to enhance natural degradafion rates of xylene and BHCs sampling is being conducted every 60 days The study was scheduled to continue for 12 months with a contingency period of another 12 months if necessary A final report documenting the effectiveness ofthe first full year ofthe treatability study was not available at the time this FYR report was drafted therefore a decision regarding whether to implement the additional 12 month contingency period had also not been made

53 Institutional Controls Evaluation

At the request of FDEP the appropriate land use restrictions for the Site has not been yet been implemented While the ground water remedy is being assessed some interim institutional controls to protect against exposure to ground water contamination have been implemented The Site is presently surrounded by a secured perimeter fence that only pennits access to the property by authorized persons during regular business hours Helena Chemical Company intends to continue Site operations for the foreseeable future and does not intend to sell or lease the property so there is minimal potential for a party to unknowingly become exposed to Site soil or sediment contaniination or to impact the protectiveness ofthe remedial actions already in place The operating facility parcel is zoned light industrial the three Helena Woods parcels are zoned as either vacant land or as a mobile home park The local Planning Commission anticipates all four parcels will be zoned for heavy industrial use in the future which remains consistent with the industrial criteria used in selection of cleanup goals for the Site

EPA has also taken steps to limit the potential for exposure to contaminated Site ground water while ground water treatment pilot testing activities are completed In September 2008 EPA Region 4 and the Southwest Florida Water Management District (SWFWMD) entered into a Memorandum of Agreement regarding Site ground water Per the agreement EPA provides SWFWMD with infonnation regarding the area of ground water impacted or potentially impacted by the Site and SWFWMD acts as the regulatory authority to implement and enforce ground water use restrictions at and near

29

the Site The ground water area impacted by the Site is designated as Zone A marking the contamination zone and Zone B marking a buffer area surrounding Zone A The agreement stipulates that EPA must conduct a well survey of Zones A and B at least once every five years to identify any new wells constructed or operafing since the previous survey EPA remedial project manager (RPM) Galo Jackson conducted the first well survey concurrenfiy with the FYR Site inspection and identified two wells (Figure 2) One well was located along East 9 Avenue on the EQ Florida property in Zone A The second well was located along East 7 Avenue on the RampL Metals property in Zone B SWFWMD was notified of these wells in September 2010 The well in Zone A is currenUypemiitted for industrial use by EQ Florida and the well in Zone B has been plugged and abandoned on the RampL Metals property

SWFWMD has the authority to impose reasonable condifions necessary to protect the applicable water source and to prevent the spread of ground or surface water contaminafion For well construcfion pennits such conditions include prohibiting use of the well as a potable water supply requiring notice to well owners of potential ground water contamination or requiring specific methods ofconstruction Under Florida Administrafive Code (FAC) Rule 40D-3505(3) SWFWMD will deny an application for a well construction pemiit for activity in Zone A if use ofthe well would increase the potential for hanii to public health safety and welfareor if the proposed well would degrade the water quality ofthe aquifer by causing pollutants to spread

30

60 Five-Year Review Process

61 Administrative Components

EPA Region 4 initiated the FYR in May 2010 and scheduled its completion for January 2011 The EPA site review team was led by EPA RPM Galo Jackson and also included EPA site attomey Kevin Beswick EPA Community Involvement Coordinator (CIC) LTonya Spencer and contractor support provided to EPA by Christy Fielden and Sabrina Foster of E Inc In May 2010 EPA held a scoping call with the review team to discuss the Site and itenis of interest as they related to the protectiveness ofthe remedy cunently in place A review schedule was established that consisted ofthe following activities

Community notification Document review Data collection and review Site inspection Local interviews FYR Report development and review

62 Community Involvement

In January 2011 a public notice was published in the Tampa Tribune announcing the commencement ofthe FYR process for the Site providing contact information for RPM Galo Jackson and CIC LTonya Spencer and invifing community participation was published The press notice is available in Appendix B The FYR report will be made available to the public once it has been finalized Copies ofthis docunient will be placed in the designated site repository University of South Florida Library located at 4202 East Fowler Avenue Tampa Florida 33620 Upon completion ofthe FYR a public notice will be placed in the Tampa Tribune to announce the availability ofthe final FYR report in the Sites document repository

63 Document Review

This FYR included a review of relevant site-related documents including the ROD remedial action reports and recent monitoring data A complete list ofthe documents reviewed can be found in Appendix A

ARARs Review

Section 121(d)(2)(A) of CERCLA specifies that Superfund remedial actions must meet any federal standards requirements criteria or limitations that are detennined to be applicable or relevant and appropriate requirements (ARARs) ARARs are those standards criteria or limitations promulgated under federal or state law that specifically address a hazardous substance pollutant contaminant remedial action locafion or other circumstance at a CERCLA site To-Be-Considered criteria (TBCs) are non-promulgated

31

advisories and guidance that are not legally binding but should be considered in detennining the necessary level of cleanup for protection of human health or the environment While TBCs do not have the status of ARARs EPAs approach to detemiining ifan RA is protective of hunian health and the environment involves consideration of TBCs along with ARARs

Chemical-specific ARARs are specific numerical concentration restrictions on individually listed contaminants in specific media Examples of chemical-specific ARARs include the MCLs specified under the Safe Drinking Water Act as well as the ambient water quality criteria enumerated under the Clean Water Act Because there are usually numerous contaminants of potential concem for any Site various numerical quanfity requirements can be ARARs The final remedy selected for this Site was designed to meet or exceed all chemical-specific ARARs and meet location- and action-specific ARARs

Ground Water

According to the 1996 ROD cleanup goals for the nine ground water COCs were selected to ensure that remaining ground water concentrations would not exceed the 1 x 10~ risk level for carcinogens a Hazard Quotient (HQ) of 1 for non-carcinogens under an industrial land use scenario The cleanup goals for 44-DDT endosulfan 1 and endosulfan II were selected based on health-based criteria The site-specific health-based cleanup goal for 44-DDT was less stringent than Floridas ground water guidance and the ROD notes that the cleanup goal may need to be revisited in the future to obtain FDEPs agreement with deletion ofthe Site from the NPL upon completion of cleanup activities

Cleanup goals for aldrin alpha-BHC beta-BHC and dieldrin were based on the Florida Groundwater Guidance Concentration which is a TBC for the Site The cleanup goal for total xylene listed in the 1996 ROD was selected based on the State secondary MCL but was later modified in the 2005 ESD to be consistent with federal and State primary MCLs The cleanup goal for gamma-BHC was selected based on federal and State MCLs

The ARARs for aldrin alpha-BHC beta-BHC and dieldrin were compared to the current Florida Groundwater and Surface Water Contaminant Cleanup Target Levels (62 FAC 777) which is the cuirent State guidance on acceptable ground water contaminant concentrations (Table 4) The ARARs for all four of these COCs have become more stringent since the signing ofthe 1996 ROD The cleanup goals for gamma-BHC and total xylene were compared with National Primary Drinking Water regulations (40 CFR 141-143) and FDEP Drinking Water Standards Monitoring and Reporting Requirements (62 FAC 550310) The cleanup goals for gamma-BHC and total xylene remain the same as in the 1996 ROD and 2005 ESD respectively This review did not find that the assumptions used in calculation ofthe site-specific health-based cleanup goals for 44-DDT endosulfan I and endosulfan II had changed

32

Table 4 Previous and 2010 ARARs for Ground Water COCs

Contaminant of Concern bull bull bull bull ^ - gt J j J bull

44-DDT Aldrin Alpha-BHC Beta-BHC Gamma-BHC Dieldrin Endosulfan I Endosulfan II Total xvlenes

1996 ROD ARAROigL)

03 005 005 01 02 01 2 2

20

2005 ESD ARAR (ugL) r

mdash -mdash mdash mdash mdash mdash mdash

10000

2010 ARAR (UgL)

03 0002 0006 002 02-

0002= 2 7

10000

ARAR Change y - y bull

None More Stringent More Stringent More Stringent

None More Stringent

None None None

a Site-specific health-based standaid selecled to ensure tlial remaining ground waler concenirations would nol exceed lhe 1 x 10 risk level for carcinogens an HQ of 1 Ior non-carcinogens or the inslRimenl quantitation limit under an industrial land use scenaiio

b Cleanup goal selecled based on Florida Groundwater Guidance Concenlralion which is a TBC for ihc Sile c Cleanup goal selecled based on federal and Florida MCLs d Cleanup goal selected based on Florida secondary MCLs e Florida Groundwater and Surface Waler Cleanup Target Levels are available al

lmpAvwwdepslatenuswasicqiiick ionicsrulcsdocunieiils62-777TablelGroundwalciCTLs4-l 7-05ndllaccessed 8122010) A comparison of Floridas 1999 and 2005 Groundwater and Surface Waler Cleanup Target Levels is available al hllpu-vvvvdenslatenuswaslequick lopicsnublicalionswcbrownlicldsConipTabiesGroundwalerandSurli ccVValerCieaniipTartJelL evelspdf

f Cunent MCLs are based on federal (40 CFR 141-1431 and slate (62 FAC 550310) drinking waler slandards Federal standards are based on Nalional Primary and Secondaiy Drinking Waler Maximum Contaminant Levels (IU(p7valcrcpacovdrinkconlaininanlsindexcrniSLisi accessed S122010) and slale standards are based on Florida Slale Drinking Waler Synthetic Organic Conlajuinanls and their Slandards (hU|iwwwdcpslalciluswalerdrinkinswalersvn conlum accessed S122010)

g Gamma-BHC is lisied as lindane in federal and state MCLs

64 Data Review

Confinnatory sampling for the 2000 pesticide area removal action and for the 2004 and 2005 sulfijr area removal actions was perfonned immediately following the removals Surface soil and sediment with COC concentrations above industrial use cleanup goals had been effectively removed and no further sampling or OampM activities are required for surface soil and sediment

Ground water pilot test activities cunently underway include baseline sampling and four subsequent sampling events for the sulfur area (Table 5) and the xylene area (Table 6) The treatability study sampling events have been implemented as follows

Baseline sampling in August 2009 60-Day Event sampling in November 2009 120-Day Event sampling in January 2010 180-Day Event sampling in March 2010 and 240-Day Event sampling in May 2010

The pilot test is invesfigating methods for the biological and physical degradation of Site contaminants Follow-up sampling analyzes various aqueous geochemical parameters in addition to contaminant concentrations Per the EPA-approved work plan routine sampling analyses include four of the nine ground water COCs alpha-BHC beta-BHC

33

gamma-BHC and total xylenes in addition to various other contaminants and break-down products

In both the sulfur area and the xylene area ground water concentrations of alpha-BHC beta-BHC and gamma-BHC have predominantly remained consistent with baseline sampling levels and largely remain elevated above cleanup goals for the Site In the sulfur area total xylene concentrations in ground water when detected are well below the cleanup goal of 10000 igL The xylene release at the Site occurred downgradient from the fomier sulfur pit and these low concentrations of xylene are consistent with expectations for this area In the xylene area total xylene concentrations are responding to the treatment showing declines below the cleanup goal in several wells (eg X3U X5U X9U and XI IU) but showing increasing concentrations in other wells (eg X6D X7U and X8D) Only data fromthe first nine months ofthe treatability study were mdash available at the time this FYR report was being drafted detennination ofthe effectiveness of these treatments must wait until the study has been completed

Ofthe site-related VOCs present in the ground water plume only xylene and possibly ethylbenzene are present in the surficial aquifer and poses a potential vapor intrusion concem Remedial contractor EnSafe Inc included an updated total xylene plume map as Figure 5-5 in the 2009 Pilot Test and Interim Monitoring Work Plan This figure shows that concentrations at or above the xylene ground vater cleanup goal are located on the Helena Chemical Conipany property along the CSX Railroad right-of-way or under the railroad tracks The few buildings within this plume area are open-sided warehouse structures on the Helena Chemical Company property and thus a vapor intmsion assessment has not been necessary

Table 5 Sulfur Area Pilot Test COC Detections in Ground Water to Date

Well Sampled

Sampling Event

(Cleanup Goal)

COCs and Detected Concentrations (pgL)

Alpha-BHC

(005 pgL)

Beta-BHC -yy (01 pgL)

Gamma-BHC

(02 pgL)

Total Xylenes

(10000 pgL)

Ecw Plot Wells

SETIU

SET2D

SET3U

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

23 D

31

17

19

24

44 D

39

26

26

38

22

19

33 J

36 1

4

25

29

12 D

045

056

059

086

3

41

43 J

68

42

57

52

11 D

066

044

047

07

55

39 1

191

NA

0461

NA

31

U

NA

033 I

NA

082

58

NA

34

J y -Well

Sampled

SET4D

SET5U

SET6D

SET7U

SET8D

Sampling Event

(Cleanup Goal)

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

1 so-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

y y j COCs and Detected Concentrations (pgL)

Alpha-BHC

(005 pgL)

17

17

28

41 D

62

37

3

37

21 D

bull 17

13

26

34

97 D

46

44

28

63

12

14

11

11

14

47

36

32

39

47

Beta-BHC

(OI pgL)

33

21

3

061 J

15

094

0461

- 068

36

41

47

4

61

12

12

095

078 1

075

13

16 1

13

15

15

087

073

064

08 1

076

Gamma-BHC

(02 pgL)

44

341

57

074 J

087

12

046 1

- - 052

39

37 1

31

51

48

11

082 1

05

04 1

043

32

27

28

23

28

1

14

11

1 I

095

Total Xylenes

(10000 pgL)

86

NA

7

171

NA

11 1

NA

036

64

NA

3

NA

39

25

NA

76

NA

56

21

NA

35

NA

15

U

NA

33

NA

17

laquocv Plot Wells

SWTIU

SWT2D

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

1 so-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

19 IJ

099

14

13

22

048 J

U

U

0031

063 J

053

052

06

075

023 J

U

U

014

U

032

038

03

059

U

U

U

000941

U

NA

U

NA

U

0441

NA

07 1

NA

35

Well Sampled

SWT3U

SWT4D

SWT5U

SWT6D

SWT7U

SWT8D

-bull i

Sampling Event

(Cleanup Goal)

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

COCs and Detected Concentrations (pgL)

Alpha-BHC

(005 pgL)

U

075 J

18

13

14

22

073

018 --

U

U

U

51

U

16

41

18

037 J

073

056

057

061

039

029

045

059

073

028

02

015

016

011

Beta-BHC

(01 pgL)

U

021

079

035

033

047

036

- 0094

U

U

U

26

23

093

022 1

036

029 1

033

022

U

026

03

039

047

057

051

U

013

011

U

0056

Gamtiia-BHC

(02 pgL)

U

u 029

0084

019

022

U

012

011

012

U

24

24

08

052

U

U

0031 I

U

U

U

U

U

u u u u

00171

002 I J

U

U

Total Xylenes

(10000 pgL)

U n

NA

U

NA

069

U

NA

U

NA

U

72

NA

73

NA

60

36

NA

U

NA

U

U

NA

U

NA

U

92

NA

U

NA

U

D value reported from second diluiion 1 eslimaled valuebelow reporting limil J eslimaled value NA nol analyzed U undetected fitilic- COC was detected bul concentration was below cleanup goal

36

Table 6 Xylene Area Pilot Test COC Detections in Ground Water to Date

yy-

J j Well Sampled

XIU

X2D

X3U

X4D

X5U

X6D

X7U

Sampling Event

(Cleanup Goal)

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

_Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

COCs and Detected Concentrations (pgL)

Alpha-BHC

(005 pgL)

8 D

NA

NA

56

NA

71

NA

NA

58 J

NA

15D

NA

NA

15

NA

12D

NA

NA

23

NA

78 D

NA

NA

44 J

NA

52 D

NA

NA

28 J

NA

61 D

NA

NA

46

NA

Beta-BHC

(01 pgL)

19 D

NA

NA

13 J

NA

17

NA

NA

17J

NA

3 J

NA

NA

36

NA

13J

NA

NA

13 1

NA

093 ID

NA

NA

08 J

NA

091 ID

NA

NA

07 J

NA

12D

NA

NA

089

NA

Gamma-BHC

(02 pgL)

U

NA

NA

U

NA

071 I

NA

NA

14 J

NA

046 J

NA

NA

bull056

NA

42 J

NA

NA

82

NA

U

NA

NA

O I J

NA

38 D

NA

NA

2 J

NA

U

NA

NA

U

NA

Total Xylene

(10000 pgL)

200

13

11

23

29

180

56

54

150

42

23000

11000

13000

1400

4500

19000

12000

19000

22000

15000

18000

21000

20000

3200

13000

3000

1100

6000

40000

3000

24000

31000

37000

81000

34000

37

Well Sampled

X8D

X9U

bull XIOD

X l l U

X12D

Sampling Event

(Cleanup Goal)

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

COCs and Detected Concentrations (pgL)

Alpha-BHC

(005 pgL)

57

NA

NA

21 J

NA

39

NA

NA

53

NA

43

NA

NA

59

NA

81

NA

NA

49

NA

39

NA

NA

56

NA

Beta-BHC

(01 pgL)

14

NA

NA

018 U

NA

021 I

NA

NA

026 J

NA

049

NA

NA

061 I

NA

097

NA

NA

075 1

NA

064 1

NA

NA

093 ID

NA

Gamma-BHC

(02 pgL)

12

NA

NA

057 U

NA

025 1

NA

NA

017 J

NA

45

NA

NA

7

NA

U

NA

NA

U

NA

16

NA

NA

34

NA

Total Xylene

(10000 pgL)

960

7100

27000

19000

5700

22000

14000

35000

2700

950

770

260

780

760

540

14000

3800

1600

600

11000

4900

250

I I00

5800

9300 D value reponed from second dilution 1 eslimaled value below reponing limit J estimated value NA nol analyzed U not applicable Ilalics COC was delecled bul concenlralion was below cleanup goal

38

65 Site Inspection

On July 8 2010 the site inspection was perfomied by the following participants Galo Jackson of EPA Region 4 Edward Brister ofthe Helena Chemical Coinpany and Christy Fielden and Sabrina Foster of E~ Inc The completed Site inspection checklist is available in Appendix D Photographs were taken of site features including monitoring wells and access controls (Appendix E)

The Site has been in continuous operation since 1929 as an agricultural chemical manufacturing and distributing facility The bulk of chemical fonnulation activifies have been moved off-site to a different Helena Cheinical Coinpany facility in Georgia however some formulation and packaging of insecticidal spray oil and liquid fertilizers still occur at the Site The Site also serves as Helena Chemical Companys main-distribution warehouse for sales locations in the State of Florida

The Site inspection was led by Mr Ed Brister the Engineering Safety Health and Environment Director for the Helena Chemical Company who provided a tour ofthe full Helena Chemical Coinpany property indicating where remedial actions had been implemented and explaining the locations and associated activifies of current pilot testing for the ground water treatability study Several monitoring and injection wells were located during the Site inspection all active site wells were properly secured or had been appropriately abandoned Injection and monitoring wells for the adjacent Alaric Site were noted on the Helena Woods area ofthe Site but were not inspected since they are related to a different site The Site is well maintained and has a secure perimeter fence and clear signage in place Unauthorized persons are restricted from accessing the property outside of regular business hours

Evaluation and implementafion of institutional controls were discussed during the Site inspection Several interim institutional controls have been implemented for the Site and final institutional controls including land use restrictions will be evaluated and implemented if necessary once the current pilot-scale ground water remedy treatability study has concluded and a revised ground water remedy has been selected Zoning designations and the Helena Chemical Companys intention to continue operations at the Site for the foreseeable future liniit the potential for inappropriate land uses or on-site operations incompatible with remedy components in place EPA has also implemented ground water institutional controls through a Memorandum of Agreement with SWFWMD

On July 7 2010 E Inc staff conducted research regarding Site deed infonnation at the Hillsborough County Deed Records Office The approximately eight-acre Site is situated on four parcels of land 1) 65-acre Parcel A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000220 2) 088-acre Parcel A-14-29-I9-4CA-000000-000320 3) 092-acre Parcel A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000330 and 4) 017-acre Parcel A-14-29-19-4CE-000003-000010 (Figure 4) Deed records for the four parcels could not be located in the online database or microfilm collection at the deeds office Galo Jackson EPA RPM for the Site was infonned that the deeds could not be located and conducted a title search for the property through EPA

39

databases but was also unable to locate deed records According to the Hillsborough County Property Appraisers Office all four parcels are presently owned by Helena Chemical Company The active cheinical distribufion warehouse is located on Parcel A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000220

On July 8 2010 E Inc staff visited the designated local Site repository at the University of South Florida Library located at 4202 East Fowler Avenue Tampa Florida 33620 as part ofthe site inspection The site repository contained fourteen volumes of administrative documents and other infonnation pertaining to the Site This infomiation included documentation ofthe initial remedial investigation and feasibility study as well as a copy ofthe 1996 ROD The 2005 ESD and 2006 FYR could not be located at the time ofthe Site inspection but were provided to the library by RPM Galo Jackson on January 212011

The 1996 ROD called for institutional controls to be put in place as part of both the soil and sediment remedy and the ground water remedy (Table 7) According to the ROD soil and sediment institutional controls were to include deed restrictions Fencing was to provide an engineering control The Site is presently surrounded by a secured perimeter fence and access gates are locked outside of nonnal business hours The operating facility parcel is currently zoned as light industrial and the Helena Woods parcels are zoned as vacant land and a mobile home park The local Planning Commission anficipates rezoning all four parcels for heavy industrial use The fiature anficipated land use is consistent with the industrial exposure criteria used in the selection of Site cleanup goals The ROD also called for deed restrictions to restrict the use of site-impacted ground water on and off the Site in order to limit exposure to contaminated ground water until cleanup goals are achieved EPA and FDEP are in discussions regarding the restrictive covenant in order to prevent fijture exposure to Site soil A 2008 Memorandum of Agreement between EPA Region 4 and SWFWMD addresses the need to restrict the use of site-related ground water The agreement establishes regular communication between the two agencies and affinns SWFWMDs regulatory authority to implement and enforce ground water use restrictions at the Site This authority addresses well constmction pemiits restrictions on use of wells for potable water supply and requirements that well owners be notified of ground water contaniination that may impact their wells At the request ofthe FDEP once the treatability study is completed and a revised ground water remedy for the Site has been selected the need for additional ground water institutional controls will be reevaluated and the existing institutional controls will be modified or new institufional controls will be implemented as appropriate

40

Figure 4 Site Parcel Map

c

ir Pirtplm ( ^ r | [ i Vjrtrl ID ^r-iti-v-lt 14UtKu^iraquoiii 0

A u raquo114CA O cac i ao aociit o

1 U raquo 19 4CilltXXgt0la 000130

1laquo2raquo lraquo-CIltCT0lf7 0iraquo(l l

M laquo n lt ) laquo l lt raquo i i o D r poDin o bull i 4 m laquo - laquo i F o o a n i j - a x u ^ i

A 1lt 2 19 ICAdWOOO tUGStO

laquo bull raquo 2raquo 1laquo bullCtOOOOOI-OXWlO

laquollaquo-raquo-19-fCAltraquo)0CWgt-00Mlaquo C

A14-V41V( I 40uai IKAll lO

AM 29 1V4CE aJDOM aODIIlJ)

laquo Ll 29 raquo 2ZZ D a m B 7K1D9

laquobull I t-J ]9-4claquoltnnraquoiKnraquo o

A-i4-raquo-]laquoltif (KU)ittMraquoaii] u A 14 J 9 14 laquoCA IXHIraquoDC(Xrli t

A 14 29 1raquo 4CA OOOOOOOMUO

raquo 1 4 29-19-4CE OOOOOI-OWWO A- l J9- )bullbulllaquo s wnmn-flooiM t A 14-29- UI4ig4IOOM94UOraquolgt

A 14 2laquo 19 4C9 OODOOl 400070

M-raquo-H 4C8laquo)000(K)OOaj I

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14 2 raquo 19-4Cpound 000001000012

A U 29- U 4 a OOOOOKXWOl-O

raquo 14 29 19 -4a oaoooraquolaquo)oolaquoo

14 j m ^ c o o n w i ^ n o i o n

A-14-2ltl-tW l-UCtitKMfiOagtlil Atlt29 iraquo4(xiioaaoii-iioagtio

A 14 29 1raquo4CA DOaOOO-OOQlSJ

A-tlaquo ZHIUCA-IKOOIXMKICOZ 0

AH-Jlaquoltllaquoiiraquo-TOKIC8-0lltIlU 0

A-]429iezzz-i)iiaxB-7Moao

A 14 29 194CAlaquoXI00Ca0ata0

A 1429^ i9-4CA-iicaaixi-ooa2a 2

A14 29-19 4CHIOOlaquogt7KIlaquoIraquo 0

A-14 JV tlaquo-laquoii -uxiot-nnDi i

A14 2laquo ilaquo-4CAiiooacii]-aaoigo A 14 23 LO 4CMI00Oraquo OOOOlO

A 14 29-isacE-oooora-aotrao

A-t4-ii-lraquo-laquo A-ooooawwoK o

A lA-2V^lraquot(A-Igt]ltKcll-IIIiaiI I

A 14-29 19-raquoCf oocoos acooi-o

A 14 29 19 ACI OOmOl-OCOOll

A-W-29-19-4CI-aXK)07-OOOOTjO

Arl4-Jraquo llti-4n-O30O3V00COI c

A l4 2raquo l9 4Ulaquoraquo006-OOOa24l

A 14 29 19 4 a 000004 OOOOSjO

A 14 29-19-4CC-D0O00aOO0a3lCI

A t raquo 29-19-laquotA4laquoIO0OT-00CO9O

bull i4-2raquo^iltM( A-oniucu IXUltl 0

A 14 2raquo 19gt4CA4gt0O(ICa OOOISXI

A 14 raquo 1raquo4CA DOOOOO 00014 1

Legend

I Site Parcels

I ^ _ J site Boundary

AjiprowmatBBoundary o tSurfc ia l Aquiter Ground Whter Pfume |

Approximate Boundary of in tennedia te Aquieet Sys t em Ground w a t e r R u m e

A i Parcels

Helena Chemical Company Superfund Site Tampa Hillsborough County Florida

Disc la imer Th i s m a p and any b o u n d a r y l ines w i th in the m a p a re a p p r o x i m a t e a n d subject to c h a n g e T h e m a p is not a survey T h e m a p is for

informat ional pu rposes only r ega rd ing E P A s r e s p o n s e ac t ions at t h e Si te and is not in tended for any o the r purpose

41

Table 7 Institutional Control (IC) Summary Table

Media

Ground Water

Soil and Sediment

ICs Needed

Yes

Yes

ICs Called for in the Decision Documents

Yes

Yes

IC Objective

Restrict use of contaminated ground water to limit exposure until cleanup goals are achieved

Restrict land uses to industrial or similar

The 1996 ROD also listed fencing as an institutional control for soil and sed not been included above because it is considered an engineering control

Instrument in Place

The 1996 ROD called for deed notices as the institutional control instrument These have not been implemented However a 2008 Memorandum of Agreement between EPA and SWFWMD confirms SWFWMDs regulatory authority to restrict well constmction restrict well use as a potable water source and requiring that well owners benotified of ground water contamination that may impact their wells This authority applies to on-site parcels as well as off-site parcels covering the entire area affected by site-related ground water contamination

The land use restrictions called for in the 1996 ROD have not been implemented however Helena Chemical Company has maintained operations at the Site tliroughout remedial activities and intends to continue Site operations for the foreseeable future A restrictive covenant will be placed on the Site to ensure the Site is only used for industrial purposes The operating facility parcel is presently zoned for light industrial use and all four parcels will soon be rezoned for heavy industrial use which is consistent with the industrial exposure criteria used in selecting cleanup goals for the Site A secure perimeter fence restricts access to the Site limiting the potential for inadvertent soil exposure

ment source control however this has

42

66 Interviews

During the FYR process interviews were conducted with parties impacted by the Site including the current landowners and regulatory agencies involved in Site activities or aware ofthe Site The purpose ofthe interviews was to document the perceived status of the Site and any perceived problems or successes with the phases ofthe remedy that have been implemented to date Intei^views with Mr Jackson and Mr Brister were conducted during the site inspection on July 8 2010 Interviews with Ms Milicic and Ms Yeargan were conducted via e-mail on August 23 2010 and September 27 2010 respectively Several nearby businesses were also contacted but declined or did not have interest in being interviewed about the Site Interviews are summarized below and complete interviews are included in Appendix C

Galo Jackson Mr Jackson is the EPA RPM for the Site Mr Jackson indicates that a pilot-scale treatability study for site ground water is presently underway Results are being routinely shared with EPA and FDEP while there have been many challenges and it is still too early to detennine whether the treatments being explored can effecfively address ground water contamination he is hopeful that the treatments will be successful He has not received any complaints or inquiries from the community in the past five years and is not aware of any effects the Site may have had on the surrounding community He is pleased with the regular updates and infonnation he receives from the remedial contractor EnSafe Inc

Edward Brister Mr Brister is the Engineering Safety Health and Environinent Director for the Helena Chemical Conipany Mr Brister indicates that he is pleased with progress at the Site and believes that the remedial activities taken to date are perfomiing successfully He feels well infonned about activities and progress at the Site He does not know of any effects that the Site has had on the surrounding cominunity beyond the potential for Superfiind stigma which is common at many similar sites Mr Brister indicates that there is one residence in the area ofthe Site and that the owners a couple had expressed concems to him in the past He notes that the couple was temporarily relocated during removal activities in 2000 and again during sulfijr area removal actions in 2004 and 2005 Other than his discussions with the couple who were temporarily relocated he has not heard any complaints or concems from the cominunity regarding the Site

Karen Milicic Ms Milicic is the FDEP project manager for the Site Ms Milicic thinks that activities at the Site are making progress in addressing site COCs She is aware ofthe treatability study work that is presently underway and feels very well infonned regarding progress at the Site She believes that it is sfill too early to comment on the effectiveness ofthe current treatments being explored for ground water at the Site as the treatability study has not yet concluded She is not aware of any complaints or inquiries regarding the Site over the last five years

Mary Yeargan Ms Yeargan is the Environmental Protection Commission of Hillsborough County project manager for the Site Ms Yeargan has been involved at the

43

Site for many years and participated in the previous 2006 FYR site inspection She indicates that the Site is situated in an area that is impacted by multiple Superfijnd sites as well as other facilities that contribute to blight in the area She acknowledges that the Site may contribute to some more general community concems about the presence of Superfijnd sites in the area but she does not think that the Site specifically has been the source of concem within the larger area Since the 2006 FYR Ms Yeargan has received one complaint about potential ground water contaniination that a community member thought may have resulted from one ofthe area Superfund sites The well was tested by the Department of Public Health contamination was not detected in the sampling and the well was found to be safe for continued use She is not aware of any changes in laws or land use in the area that would impact the Site Given the shortage of lands available for heavy industrial uses she thinks it would be unlikely for the zoning ofthe parcels that compose the Site-to be changed to anything other than heavy industrial-She feels welf infomied about site activities and remains in regular communication as needed with EPA RPM Galo Jackson

44

70 Technical Assessment

71 Question A Is the remedy functioning as intended by the decision documents

The review of documents ARARs risk assumptions and the Site inspection indicate that the Sites soil remedy is functioning as intended by Site decision documents for soil and sediment Pesticide-contaminated surface soil and sediment at the Site and the adjacent CSX railway line east drainage ditch were excavated and shipped offsite for biological treatment and disposal Contaminated soil and residual sulfur were also excavated and shipped offsite for disposal Since there is commingling ofthe Sites ground water plumes with those ofthe adjacent Alaric Site the pump-and-treat ground water remedy selected in the 1996 ROD may not cunently be appropriate to implement at the Site until

- the Alaric Sites plumes have been remediated Helena Chemical Conipany proposed a pilot-scale treatability study to evaluate the feasibility of biological and physical ground water contaminant degradation The Work Plan for this treatability study was approved by EPA in August 2009 The study is currently underway and was scheduled to conclude by the fourth quarter of 2010 with a contingency period of another 12 months if necessary A final report documenting the effectiveness ofthe first fijll year ofthe treatability study was not available at the time this FYR report was drafted therefore a decision regarding whether to implement the additional 12 month contingency period had also not been made The final results ofthe treatability study will be used to infonn the selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site In the event that the treatability study is not successful EPA may consider additional avenues to approach remediation including additional excavation

The 1996 ROD selected the implementation of institutional controls in the form of deed restrictions for soil sediment and ground water to limit exposure to site-related contamination Fencing was also required by the 1996 ROD Land use restrictions have not been implemented for the Site however some interim institutional controls to protect against exposure to ground water contamination have been implemented Helena Chemical Company intends to confinue Site operations for the foreseeable future and has no intention to sell lease or transfer any portion ofthe Site Cunent and future zoning designations are consistent with the industrial land use criteria used in selection of Site COC cleanup goals In 2008 EPA entered into a Memorandum of Agreement with the SWFWMD The document confirms SWFWMDs regulatory authority to place restrictions on well placement and constmction Through shared infomiation between the two agencies SWFWMD can make infomied pennitting and enforcement decisions to prevent exposure to ground water contamination that could pose a risk to hunian health No impacted ground water wells are used for potable water buildings at the Site and in the surrounding area are connected to municipal water supply lines The need for additional institufional controls will be evaluated upon selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site

The Site is well-maintained and is surrounded by a secured perimeter fence with signs restricting access Access is limited to authorized persons during regular business hours

45

All site-related wells are secured or if no longer operational have been properly abandoned

72 Question B Are the exposure assumptions toxicity data cleanup levels and remedial action objectives (RAOs) used at the time of remedy selection still valid

The ARARs for four ofthe nine ground water COCs aldrin alpha-BHC beta-BHC and dieldrin have become more stringent since the signing ofthe 1996 ROD During the current ground water treatability study both alpha-BHC and beta-BHC have been detected at levels greater than the RODs less stringent cleanup goals for these COCs Remedial activities at the Site have allowed the continued industrial use ofthe property and have reduced ecological risk at the Site The selection of a revised ground water remedy is required before achieving the remaining two RAOs 1) protection of ground water from continued degradation by Site contaminants and 2) reduction of risk to human health within EPAs acceptable risk range Residual soil contamination remains present below the water table and the ground water plume continues to exceed cleanup goals The industrial land use at the Site and in the surrounding area is unchanged since the ROD was signed therefore the exposure assumpfions are still valid Benzene and ethylbenzene are being detected in the groundwater at concentrations above the primary drinking-water standards

73 Question C Has any other information come to light that could call into question the protectiveness ofthe remedy

No other infomiation has come to light that could call into question the protectiveness of the remedy

74 Technical Assessment Summary

The review of documents ARARs risk assumptions and the Site inspection indicate that the Sites soil remedy is functioning as intended by Site decision documents for soil and sediment Pesticide-contaminated surface soil and sediment at the Site and the adjacent CSX railway line east drainage ditch were excavated and shipped offsite for biological treatment and disposal Contaminated soil and residual sulfur were also excavated and shipped off-site for disposal Since there is commingling ofthe Sites ground water plumes with those ofthe adjacent Alaric Site the pump-and-treat ground water remedy selected in the 1996 ROD may not currently be appropriate to implement at the Site until the Alaric Sites plumes have been remediated Helena Chemical Company proposed a pilot-scale treatability study to evaluate the feasibility of biological and physical ground water contaminant degradafion The work plan for this treatability study was approved by EPA in August 2009 The study is currenfiy underway and was scheduled to conclude by the fourth quarter of 2010 vvith a contingency period of another 12 months if necessary A final report documenting the effectiveness ofthe first full year ofthe treatability study was not available at the time this FYR report was drafted therefore a decision regarding whether to implement the additional 12 month contingency period had also not been made The final results ofthe treatability study will be used to infonn the selection of a

46

revised ground water remedy for the Site In the event that the treatability study is not successful EPA may consider addifional avenues to approach remediation including additional excavation

The ARARs for four ofthe nine ground water COCs aldrin alpha-BHC beta-BHC and dieldrin have become more stringent since the signing ofthe 1996 ROD During the current ground water treatability study both alpha-BHC and beta-BHC have been detected at levels greater than the cuirent less-stringent cleanup goal for these COCs Remedial activities at the Site have allowed the continued industrial use ofthe property and have reduced ecological risk at the Site The selection of a revised ground water remedy is required before achieving the remaining two RAOs 1) protection of ground water from confinued degradation by Site contaminants and 2) reduction of risk to

-human health within EPAs acceptable risk range Residual soil contaniination remains present below the water table and the ground water plume continues to exceed cleanup goals The industrial land use at the Site and in the surrounding area has not changed since the ROD was signed therefore the exposure assumptions are still valid

The 1996 ROD selected the implementation of institutional controls in the fomi of deed restrictions for soil sediment and ground water to liinit exposure to site-related contamination Fencing was also required by the 1996 ROD Land use restrictions have not been implemented for the Site however some interim institufional controls to protect against exposure to ground water contamination have been implemented Helena Chemical Company intends to continue Site operations for the foreseeable future and has no intention to sell lease or transfer any portion ofthe Site Current and future zoning designations are consistent with the industrial land use criteria used in selection of site COC cleanup goals In 2008 EPA entered into a Memorandum of Agreement with the SWFWMD The document confinns SWFWMDs regulatory authority to place restrictions on well placement and constmction Through shared infonnation between the two agencies SWFWMD can make infonned pemiitting and enforcement decisions to prevent exposure to ground water contamination that could pose a risk to hunian health No impacted ground water wells are used for potable water buildings at the Site and in the surrounding area are connected to municipal water supply lines The need for additional institutional controls will be evaluated upon selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site

The Site is well-maintained and is surrounded by a secured perimeter fence with signs restricting access Access is limited to authorized persons during regular business hours All site-related wells have been secured or if no longer operational have been properly abandoned

47

80 Issues

Table 8 summarizes the current site issues

Table 8 Current Site Issues

Issue

A revised ground water remedy for the Site has not been selected or implemented and sampling events continue to detect COC concentrations in ground water that are greater than cleanup goals Land use restrictions for the Site have not yet been implemented

Affects Current Protectiveness

(Yes or No)

No

No

Affects Future Protectiveness

(Yes or No)

Yes

Yes

48

90 Recommendations and Follow-up Actions

Table 9 provides recommendations to address the current site issues

Table 9 Recommendations to Address Current Site Issues

Issue

A revised groundshywater remedy for the Site has not been selected or mdash implemented and sampling events continue to detect COC concentrations in ground water that are greater than cleanup goals

Land use restrictions for the Site have not yet been implemented

Recommendations Follow-Up Actions

- At the conclusion ofthe current pilot study evaluate results and if appropriate docunient the selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site

A restrictive covenant will be concluded designed to ensure the Site remains industrial

Party Responsible

PRP

PRP

Oversight Agency

EPA

EPA

Milestone Date

01312012

01312012

Affects Protectiveness

(Yes or No) Current

No

No

Future

Yes

Yes

49

100 Protectiveness Statements

The Sites remedy currently protects huinan health and the environment in the short-tenn because it is functioning as intended by the Sites decision documents for soil and sediment Source materials have been excavated and removed for off-site treatment and disposal The selected ground water remedy has not yet been implemented due to concems with promoting migration ofthe ground water plume from the neighboring Alaric Site A pilot-scale bioremediafion treatability study is underway and will hopefully aid in the selecfion of a revised ground water remedy for the Site The affected surficial aquifer in the vicinity ofthe Site is not used for potable water supply and area residents and businesses are connected to municipal water supply In order for the remedy to be protective in the long-tenn issues conceming implementation of a revised ground water remedy and institutional controls should be addressed

50

110 Next Review

This Site is a statutory Site that requires ongoing FYRs as long as waste is left on site that does not allow for unrestricted use and unlimited exposure The next FYR will be due within five years ofthe signatureapproval date ofthis FYR

51

Appendix A List of Documents Reviewed

CERCLA Infonnafion System Site Infomiation accessed from website httpcfpubepa^ovsupercpadcursitescsitinfocfinid=0400674 Accessed May 12 2010

EPA Record of Decision Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) EPA ID FLD053502696 Prepared by US EPA Region 4 May 7 1996

Explanation of Significant Differences Helena Chemical Superfund Site Tampa Hillsborough County FL Prepared by US EPA Region 4 January 27 2005

First Five-Year Review Report for Helena Chemical Company Tampa Hillsborough County Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for US EPA Region 4 January 31 2006 mdash

First Quarter 2010 Pilot Test Implementation Report Helena Chemical Company Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Chemical Conipany July 7 2010

Fourth Quarter 2009 Pilot Test Implementation Report Helena Chemical Company Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Chemical Coinpany March 12 2010

Memorandum of Agreement between the US Environmental Protection Agency Region 4 Superfund Division and the Southwest Florida Water Management District September 11 2008

Pilot Test and Interini Monitoring Work Plan for the Helena Chemical Conipany Superfund Site Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Chemical Company June 30 2009

Pilot Test Implementation Report Helena Cheinical Company Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Chemical Company December 22 2009

Second Quarter 2010 Pilot Test Implementation Report Helena Chemical Conipany Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Chemical Company September 23 2010

Third Quarter 2009 Pilot Test Implementation Report Helena Chemical Company Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Cheinical Coinpany December 22 2009

A-l

Appendix B Press Notice

y PRoA^

U S Environmental Protection Agency Region 4 Announces a Five-Year Review for

the Helena Chemical Company Superfund Site Tampa Hillsborough Countj Florida

PurposeObjective The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is conducting a Five-Year Review ofthe remedy for the Helena Chemical Company Superfuiid site (Site) in Tampa Florida The purpose ofthe Five-Year Review is to ensure that the selected cleanup actions effectively protect human health and the environment

Site~Background The Site covers approximately eight acres and is located in the Orient Park industrial area in Tampa Floiida The ~ facility was built in 1929 as a chemical plant for the production of sulfur The initial owners manufactured wettable and dusting sulfur and formulated pesticides herbicides fungicides and fertilizers at the facility Helena Chemical Company purchased the property in 1967 and continued these manufacturing operations until 1981 The company moved its pesticide herbicide and fiingicide formulation operations to Georgia in 1981 but has continued to fonnulate insecticidal petroleum oil and liquid fertilizers at the facility Former manufacturing operations by Helena Chemical Company and its predecessors resulted in soil and ground water contamination EPA placed the Site on the National Priorities List (NPL) in October 1992

Cleanup Actions In 1996 EPA signed the Record of Decision (ROD) for the Site which selected a remedy to clean up contaminants by excavating and treating contaminated soils disposing of sulfur-contaminated soils offsite neutralizing soil pH and containing ground water contamination to prevent off-site migration Between 2000 and 2005 more than 10000 tons of contaminated soils were excavated for treatment and soils with sulfur contamination were disposed of off site After the soil removals lime was incorporated into remaining on-site soils to neutralize the sulfuric acid present four feet below the land surface However the addition of lime appears to have had minimal effect on areas with low pH Design ofthe ground water treatment system was delayed due to the need to distinguish between source contamination at the Site and source contaniination emanating from another Superfijnd site the Alaric Area Ground Water Plume site which is located adjacent to the Site Ground water sampling conducted in 2007 concluded that pesticide concentrations at the Site continue to exceed cleanup goals established in the ROD and require remedial action Several pilot-scale treatability studies commenced in 2009 and are presently underway

Five-Vear Review Schedule The National Contingency Plan requires that remedial actions that result in any hazardous substances pollutants or contaminants remaining at the Superfimd Sites above levels that allow for unlimited use and unrestricted exposure be reviewed every five years to ensure the protection of human health and the environment The second ofthe Five-Year Reviews for this Site will be completed in January 2011

EPA invites community participation in the Five-Year Review process EPA is conducting this Five-Year Review to evaluate the effectiveness ofthe Sites remedy and to ensure that the remedy remains protective of human health and the environment As part ofthe Five-Year Review process EPA staff are available to answer any questions about the Site Community members who have questions about the Site or the Five-Year Review process or vvho would like to participate in a community interview are asked to contact

Galo Jackson Remedial Project Manager LTonya Spencer Community Involvement Coordinator Phone 404-562-8937 Phone 404-562-8463 1 -800-435-9234 (toll free) E-mail jacksongaloMjepauov E-mail spencerlatonva(5)epagov

Mailing Address EPA Region 4 Sam Nunn Atlanta Federal Center 61 Forsyth St SW Mail Code 9T25 Atlanta GA 30303-8960

Site information is also available at the Sites local document repository at University of South Florida Library 4202 East Fowler Avenue Tampa Florida 33620 and online at httpwvwepcigovi-egion4wasteitplitplflshelenafl-hlin

B-

Appendix C Interview Forms

Interview Form 2011 Five-Year Review - Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) Site Tampa FL

Site Name Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) EPA ID No FLD053502696 Interviewer Name Sabrina Foster Affiliation E Inc Subjects Name Galo Jackson Affiliation EPA Region 4 Subjects Contact Information iacksongalo(fl)epagov Time 915 am Date July 8 2010 Type of Interview (Circle one) In Person Phone Mail Other Location of Interview Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) site

IVIiat is your overall impression ofthe project In tenns ofthe pilot-scale treatability study for water the project is on schedule We are getting results back having them reviewed but it is still too early to tell what the final result will be The treatability study has been challenging but I am hopeful that it will work

2 What effect has this site had on the surrounding community ifany^7 None that 1 am aware of

3 How well do you believe the remedy currently in place is performing7 Do you believe the monitoring data show the remedys effectiveness^ As 1 said before we are still working on the treatability study so it is really too early to tell The study is still in early stages

4 Are you aware of any complaints or inquiries regarding environmental issues or the remedial action from residents since implementation ofthe cleanup 1 have not received any in the last five years

5 Are you aware of any changes in projected land use at or near the site No as far as I know it is all still zoned for heavy industrial use

6 Do you feel well informed about the site y activities and progress Yes EnSafe are the remedial contractors and they do a good job keeping me well-in fonn ed

7 Do you have any commenis suggeslions or recommendations regarding the sile s management or operation Not really The treatability study is underway and 1 am hopeful that it will work

C-1

Site Name Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) EPA ID No FLD053502696 Interviewer Name Sabrina Foster Affiliation E Inc Subjects Name Ed Brister Affiliation Helena Chemical Company Subjects Contact Information bristere(laquo)helenachemicacom Time 900 am Date July 8 2010 Type of Interview (Circle one) In Person Phone Mail Other Location of Interview Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) site

1 What is your overall impression ofthe project My impression is that it is good and has been a successful project

2 What e f f y has this site had on the surrounding community ifany mdash We dont know of any effect on the surrounding community Certainly there hasnt been

an effect on human health At any site like this you are going to have stigma issues but we dont hear any concerns out ofthe community about it

3 How well do you believe the remedy currently in place is performing 1 think it is doing well

4 Are you aware of any complaints or inquiries regarding environmental issues or the remedial action from residents since implementation ofthe cleanup Yes During the implementation ofthe cleanup the soil excavations we did hear of concems Irom a neighbor [Resident 1] We addressed her concems by temporarily moving her and her husband from their home for a couple of months to a location south of here We temporarily moved the [residents] twice once during the big removal in 2000 and again during the excavation and removal ofthe sulfur area in 2004-2005

5 Are you aware of any changes in projected land use at or near the site No not for here or for the surrounding areas

6 Do you feel well informed about the site s activities and progress Yes

7 Do you have any commenis suggestions or recommendations regarding the site f management or operation No

C-2

SiteName Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) EPA ID No FLD053502696 Subjects Name Karen Milicic Affiliation FDEP Subjects Contact Information 850-245-8931 Time 913 am Date August 23 2010 Type of Interview (Circle one) In Person Phone Mail Other E-mail Location of Interview Tallahassee FL

What is your overall impression ofthe project Good appear to be making progress on addressing the contaminants of concem

2 How well do you believe the remedy currently in place is performing Still too early to tell basedon recent lab data

3 Are you comfortable with the institutional controls required for the Site and their current status of implementation Yes at this time

4 Are you aware of any complaints or inquiries regarding environmental issues or the remedial action from residents in the last five years No not aware of any complaints andor inquiries regarding the Site

5 Has your office conducted any Site-related activities or communications in the last five years If so please give purpose and results of these activities Yes to attend a site visit with EPA RPM Galo Jackson

6 Are you aware of any changes to state laws that might affect the protectiveness ofthe remedy Are you aware of any changes in projected land use at the Site Not at this fime

7 Do you feel well informed about the Site 5 activities and progress Feel very well infomied regarding the progress ofthe Site

8 Do you have any comments suggestions or recommendations regarding the Site s management or operation None at this time

C-3

Site Name Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) EPA ID No FLD053502696 Interviewer Name Sabrina Foster Affiliation E^ Inc Subjects Name Mary Yeargan Affiliation Environmental Protection

Commission of Hillsborough County Subjects Contact Information yearganm(fl)epchcorg Time 330 pm Date September 27 2010 Type of Interview (Circle one) In Person Phone Mail Other

What is your overall impression ofthe project My overall impression is that it is continuing along as it has been

2 What are your views about current site condition problems or related concerns mdash 1 was onthe site visit for the last FYR so I am familiar with the-Site and the Five-Year

Review process I think that things are continuing to move forward at the Site with the treatments underway

3 What effect has this site had on the surrounding community This is a blighted community and certainly the presence of a Superfund site contributes to the perception of blight But Helena is not the only Superfund site in the area there is also Stauffer Chemical Florida Steel Alaric as well as the jail and all the bail bonds places So there is blight in the community but it is npt a direct result of Helena

4 Has the local government received any citizen complaints or inquiries regarding environmental issues or activities at this site I havent received any specific complaints nothing about Helena in particular The calls I get largely concem other specific Superfund sites in the area or just the presence of Superfijnd sites in general I did receive a call in 2008 firom a resident who was concemed about well water and whether the presence of Superfijnd sites in the area meant that the water was contaminated Again they didnt specifically mention Helena just Superfund sites in general We called the Department of Public Health to come out and sampled the well and there was no contamination present

5 Have there been routine communications or activities (site visits inspections reporting activities etc) conducted by your office regarding the site If yes please give purpose and results No

6 Are you aware of any changes to local laws that might affect the protectiveness ofthe remedy Are you aware of any changes in projected land use at the Site No Im not aware of any changes to local laws that would impact the Site Helena continues to operate so that land use hasnt changed and I dont imagine that the land use zoning would be changed to anything other than heavy industrial There is a limited amount of space available for heavy industrial so they are going to keep any land already zoned for that purpose

C-4

7 Do you feel well informed about the Sites activities and progress If not what methods would you recommend EPA use to disseminate more information Sure

8 Do you have any comments suggestions or recommendations regarding the project None I have worked with Galo for some time and let him know right away if there are any complaints

C-5

Appendix D Site Inspection Checklist

FIVE-YEAR REVIEW SITE INSPECTION CHECKLIST

I SITE INFORMATION

Site name Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) Date of inspection July 8 2010

Location and Region Tampa FL Region 4 EPA ID FLD053502696

Agency office or company leading the five-year review EPA Region 4 Weathertemperature Clear skies sunny 85F

Remedy Includes (Check all that apply) I I Landfill covercontainment [XI Access controls IXI Institutional controls Xl Groundwater pump and treatment I I Surface water collection and treatment Xl Other Soil excavation and off-site disposal

I I Monitored natural attenuation XI Groundwater containment [~| Vertical banier walls

ttachments XT] Inspection team roster attached I I Site map attached

II INTERVIEWS (Check all that apply)

1 OampM site manager Name Title

Interiewed 77 at site [d at office Q by phone Phone no Problems suggestions XU Report attached

mmddvgtvv Date

OampM staff Name Title

Interviewed O at site J at office XU by phone Phone no Problems suggestions [d Report attached

mmddyyvv Date

D-

3 Local regulatory authorities and response agencies (ie State and Tribal offices emergency response office police department office of public health or environmental health zoning office recorder of deeds or other city and county offices etc) Fill in all that apply

Agency FDEP Contact

Problems

Agencv Cont c t Problems

Agency Contact

Problems

Aeencv Contact

Problems

Agency Contact

Problems

Karen Milicic Name

suggestions bull Report attached

Name suggestions 1 1 Report attached

N me suggestions bull Report attached

Name suggestions bull Report attached

Name suggestions CD Report attached

Proiect Manager Title

see Appendix C

8232010 Date

Title

Title see Appendix C

Date

mdash

Date

Title see Appendix C

ate

Title see Appendix C

Date

850-245-8931 Phone No

Phone No

Phone No

Phone No

Ph iieNo

4 Other interviews (optional) bull Report attached

EPA Region 4 Galo Jackson Remedial Project Manager 782010 404-562-8937

Helena Chemical Company (PRP) Ed Brister Director of Engineering Safety Health 782010901-537-8600

and Environment

III ON-SITE DOCUMENTS amp RECORDS VERIFIED (Check all that apply)

1 O amp M Documents

n OampM manual D Readily available bull Up to date

1 1 As-built drawings O Readily available Q Up to date

n Maintenance logs Q Readily available []] Up to date

Remarks

^ N A

K | N A

E ] N A

2 Site-Specific Health and Safety Plan bull Readily available ^ Up to date D NA

n Contingency planemergency response plan bull Readily available ^ Up to date O NA

Remarks

3 O amp M and OSHA Training Records Q Readily available D Up to date lEI NA

Remarks

D-2

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

1

Permits and Service Agreements

r~l Air discharge pemiit

bull Effluent discharge

n Waste disposal POTW

1 1 Other pemiits

Remarks

Gas Generation Records

Remarks

Settlement Monument Records

Remarks

Groundwater Monitoring Records

r~1 Readily available

n Readily available

77 Readily available

[y Readily available

[72 Readily available

[y Readily available

Q Readily available

Remarks Ground water monitoring records are available for the feasibilitv and intemiittent monitoring records from

n Up to date

bull Up to date

n Up to date

n Up to date

n Up to date

n Up to date mdash bull -

IC] Up to date

[ 3 NA

^ N A

KNA

KNA

13 NA

S N A

KINA

study currently underway sampling to confirm the effectiveness of soil remedial

actions are also available Since a revised ground water remedy for the Site has not vet been or implemented long-temi monitoring o

Leachate Extraction Records

Remarks

Discharge Compliance Records

selected f ground water remedy effectiveness has not yet begun 1

n Readily available

bull Air n Readily available bull Up to date

bull Water (effluent) bull Readily available bull Up to date

Remarks

Daily AccessSecurity Logs

Remarks

IV

OampM Organization

1 1 State in-house

n PRP in-house

1 1 Federal Facility in-house

n

X3 Readily available

OampM COSTS

1 1 Contractor for State

n Contractor for PRP

bull Up to date KNA

KlNA

^ N A

bull Up to date

1 1 Contractor for Federal Facility

KINA

D-3

-gt

3

OampM Cost Records

1 1 Readily available

1 1 Funding mechanist

Original OampM cost es

From mniddvYw

Date

From mmddNyyy

Date

From mnidd-w-w

Date

From mmddyvY

Date

From mmddyvw

Date

Unanticipated or Unu

Describe costs and reas

n Up to date

nagreement in place CH Unavailable

imate | 1 Breakdown attached

Total annual cost by year for review period

To mmddyvw

Date Total cost

To mmddN-vw

ate Total cost

To mmddyvw

Date Total cost

To mmddvvNv

Date Total cost

To mmddyvw

Date Total cost

iually High OampM Costs During Review P

ons

if available

bull Breakdown aitached

1 1 Breakdown attached

- 1 1 Breakdown attached

1 1 Breakdown attached

CH Breakdown attached

eriod

V ACCESS AND INSTITUTIONAL CONTROLS ^ Applicable D NA

A

1

B

1

C

Fencing

Fencing damaged Q Location shown on site map ^ G

Remarks Fencing surrounds entire property gates are secured outsi

Other Access Restrictions

Signs and other security measures O Location s

Remarks Access signs are posted near entry gates

Institutional Controls (ICs]

ues secured CD NA

de of operation hours

10wn on site map CD NA

D-4

Implementation and enforcement

Site conditions imply ICs not properly implemented

Site conditions imply ICs not being fully enforced

Type of monitoring (eg self-reporting drive by)

Frequency

Responsible partyagency

Contact

Name Title

Reporting is up-to-date

Reports are verified by the lead agency

Specific requirements in deed or decision documents have been met

Violations have been reported

Other problems or suggestions CD Report attached

D Y e s

D Y e s

No D NA

No D N A

mrrvaoyy

Date D Yes

DYes

DYes

DYes

wv Phone no

D N O

D N O

D N O

D N O

DNA

Q N A

DNA

DNA

2 Adequacy ^ ICs are adequate O ICs are inadequate CD NA

Remarks The 1996 ROD calls for institutional controls in the fomi of site deed restrictions to limit exposure to ground water contamination until cleanup goals are achieved The ROD also calls for fencing to limit access and exposure to site soil contamination At the request ofthe FDEP land use restrictions for the Site have not yet been implemented however some interim institutional controls lo protect against exposure to ground water contamination have been implemented EPA signed a Memorandum of Agreement with the SWFWMD affimiing SWFWMDs regulatory authority to restrict well construction and well use for potable water at and in the area ofthe Site Secure perimeter fencing provides an engineering control to restrict access to the Site The risk for exposure is minimal because surface soil has been remediated the Helena Chemical Company has continued site operations and plans to continue industrial activities at the Site into the foreseeable ftiture and current and future land use zoning is consistent with the industrial cleanup criteria used in the selection of site cleanup goals

A treatability study is currently underway to help detennine the revised remedy for ground water Once this remedy has been selected and decision documents have been appropriately updated Helena Chemical Company EPA the slate and Hillsborough County will evaluate changes to existing institutional controls and addition of new institutional controls for the Site as well as impacted ground water area as appropriate

D General

Vandalismtrespassing

Remarks

I I Location shown on site map No vandalism evident

2 Land use changes on site

Remarks

NA

3 Land use changes off site

Remarks

^ N A

VI GENERAL SITE CONDITIONS

Roads Applicable D NA

D-5

1

B

Roads damaged

Remarks Paved aspha

Other Site Conditions

[y] Location shown on site map ^ Roads adequate Q NA

It roads are used for access to warehouses and the office building on site

Remarks

A

1

T

3

4

5

6

7

8

VII

Landfill Surface

LANDFILL COVERS D Applicable [^ NA

Settlement (Low spots)

Arial extent

Remarks

Cracks

Lengths

Remarks

Erosion

Arial extent

Remarks

Holes

Arial extent

Remarks

Vegetative Cover

1 1 No signs of stres

Remarks

Alternative Cover

Remarks

Bulges

Arial extent

Remarks

s

1 1 Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

Widths

CD Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on sit map

CH Grass

1 1 TreesSlirubs (indicate size and loi

amiored rock concrete etc)

Xy Location shown on site map

rn Settlement not evident

Depth

CD Cracking not evident

Depths

CD Erosion not evident

Depth

CD Holes not evident

Depth

1 1 Cover properly established

bullations on a diagram)

DNA

CD Bulges not evident

Height

Wet AreasWater Damage bull Wet areaswater damage not evident

bull Wet areas

CD Ponding

n Seeps

bull Soft subgrade

Remarks

CD Location shown on site map

1 1 Location shown on site map

1 1 Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

Arial extent

Arial extent

Arial extent

Arial extent

D-6

9

B

1

2

3

C

1

1

3

4

5

Slope Instability

1 1 No evidence of slope

Arial extent

Remarks

n Slides

instability

CD Location shown on site map

Benches D Applicable ^ NA

(Horizontally constructed mounds of earth placed across a steep landfill side slope to interrupt the slope in order to slow down the velocity of surface runoff and intercept and convey the runoff to a lined channel)

Flows Bypass Bench

Remarks

Bench Breached

Remarks

Bench Overtopped

Remarks

CD Location shown on site map

bull Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

CD NA or okay

bull NA or okay

1 j NA or okay

Letdown Channels bull Applicable ^ NA

(Charaiel lined with erosion control mats riprap grout bags or gabions that descend down the steep side slope ofthe cover and will allow the runoff water collected by the benches to move off of the landfill cover without creating erosion gullies)

Settlement (Low spots)

Arial extent

Remarks

Material Degradation

Material type

Remarks

Erosion

Arial extent

Remarks

Undercutting

Arial extent

Remarks

Obstructions

bull Location shown on sit

Size

Remarks

CD Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

Type

e map Arial extent

CD No evidence of settlement

Depth

[H No evidence of degradation

Arial extent

bull No evidence of erosion

Depth

CD No evidence of undercutting

Depth

1 1 No obstmctions

D-7

6

D

1

2

3

4

5

E

1

9

3

Excessive Vegetative Growth Type

CD No evidence of excessive growth

CD Vegetation in channels does not obstmct flow

CD Location shown on site map Ari

Remarks

al extent

Cover Penetrations XC Applicable ^ NA

Gas Vents bull Active

CD Properly securedlocked Q Functioning

CD Evidence of leakage at penetration

Remarks

Gas Monitoring Probes

CD Properly securedlocked CD Functioning

CD Evidence of leakage at penetration

Remarks

Monitoring Wells (within surface area of landfill)

CD Properly securedlocked [ID Functioning

1 1 Evidence of leakage at penetration

Remarks

Extraction Wells Leachate

CD Properly securedlocked CD Functioning

1 1 Evidence of leakage at penetration

Remarks

Settlement Monuments Q Located

Remarks

Gas Collection and Treatment CD Applicable

Gas Treatment Facilities

n Passive

CD Routinely sampled

CD Needs Maintenance

CD Routinely sampled

CD Needs Maintenance

bull Routinely sampled

CD Needs Maintenance

CD Routinely sampled

1 1 Needs Maintenance

CD Routinely sureyed

^ N A

1 1 Flaring CD Themial destmclion

CD Good condition CD Needs Maintenance

Remarks

Gas Collection Wells Manifolds and Piping

CD Good condition CD Needs Maintenance

Remarks

Gas Monitoring Facilities (eg gas monitoring o

CD Good condition

DNA

- - bull

CD Good condition

DNA

1 1 Good condition

DNA

CD Good condition

DNA

DNA

CD Collection for reuse

Fadjacent homes or buildings)

CD Good condition CD Needs Maintenance CD NA

Remarks

D-8

F

1

2

G

1

1

3

4

H

1

2

I

1

9

3

Cover Drainage Layer bull Applicable ^ NA

Outlet Pipes Inspected CD Functioning

Remarks

Outlet Rock Inspected CD Functioning

Remarks

DetentionSedimentation Ponds bull Applicable

Siltation Area extent Depth

1 1 Siltation not evident

Remarks

Erosion Area extent Depth

CD Erosion not evident

Remarks

Outlet Works bull Functioning

Remarks

Dam CD Functioning

Remarks

Retaining Walls D Applicable ^ NA

Deformations CD Location shown on site map

Horizontal displacement Vertical di

Rotational displacement

Remarks

Degradation [C Location shown on site map

Remarks

Perimeter DitchesOff-Site Discharge [C Applicable

Siltation CD Location shown on site map

Area extent

Remarks

Vegetative Growth bull Location shown on site map

CD Vegetation does not impede flow

Area extent

Remarks

Erosion bull Location shown on site map

Area extent

Remarks

DNA

DNA

^ N A

DNA

DNA

DNA

J Deformation not evident

splacement

CD Degradation not evident

13 NA

CD Siltation not evident

Depth

DNA

Type

CD Erosion not evident

Depth

D-9

4 Discharge Structure Q Functioning bull NA

Remarks

VIII VERTICAL BARRIER WALLS D Applicable ^ NA

1

2

IX

A

1

2

3

B

1

bull )

3

C

Settlement CD Location shown on site map CD Settlement not evident

Area extent Depth

Remarks

Performance Monitoring Type of monitoring

bull Perfomiance not monitored

Frequency CD Evidence of breaching

Head differential

Remarks

GROUNDWATERSURFACE WATER REMEDIES g] Applicable Q NA

Groundwater Extraction Wells Pumps and Pipelines X Applicable ^ NA

Pumps Wellhead Plumbing and Electrical

CD Good condition CD Ail required wells properly operating CD Needs Maintenance CD NA

Remarks

Extraction System Pipelines Valves Valve Boxes and Other Appurtenances

bull Good condition O Needs Maintenance

Remarks

Spare Parts and Equipment

bull Readily available bull Good condition bull Requires upgrade bull Needs to be provided

Remarks

Surface Water Collection Structures Pumps and Pipelines [72 Applicable ^ NA

Collection Structures Pumps and Electrical

CD Good condition CD Needs Maintenance

Remarks

Surface Water Collection System Pipelines Valves Valve Boxes and Other Appurtenances

CD Good condition CD Needs Maintenance

Remarks

Spare Parts and Equipment

bull Readily available O Good condition Q Requires upgrade bull Needs to be pr vided

Remarks

Treatment System bull Applicable 3 NA

D-10

T

Treatment Train (Check components that apply)

I I Metals removal [72 Oilwater separation [72 Bi remediation

I I Air stripping [Zl Carbon adsorbers

D Filters

I I Additive (eg chelation agent flocculent)

n Others

I I Good condition [7 Needs Maintenance

I I Sampling ports properly marked and fianctional

I I Samplingmaintenance log displayed and up to date

CD Equipment properly identified mdash

I I Quantity of groundwater treated annually

I I Quantity of surface water treated annually

Remarks

Electrical Enclosures and Panels (properly rated and functional)

I I NA [22 Good condition [2 Needs Maintenance

Remarks

3 Tanks Vaults Storage Vessels

I I NA [J] Good condition [] Proper secondary containment [2 Needs Maintenance

Remarks

4 Discharge Structure and Appurtenances

I I NA CD Good condition [72 Needs Maintenance

Remarks

5 Treatment Building(s)

CD NA CD Golt d condition (esp roof and doorways) CD Needs repair

I I Chemicals and equipment properly stored

Remarks

6 Monitoring Wells (pump and treatment remedy)

I I Properly securedlocked [7 Functioning CD Routinely sampled CD Good condition

I I All required wells located CD Needs Maintenance CD NA

Remarks

D Monitoring Data

1 Monitoring Data

3 Is routinely submitted on time ^ Is of acceptable quality

2 Monitoring data suggests

[H Groundwater plume is effectively contained CD Contaminant concentrations are declining

D-

E Monitored Natural Attenuation 1 Monitoring Wells (natural attenuation remedy)

I I Properly securedlocked CD Functioning CD Routinely sampled CD Good condition

CD All required wells located CD Needs Maintenance ^ NA

Remarks X OTHER REMEDIES

If there are remedies applied at the site and not covered above attach an inspection sheet describing the physical nature and condition of any facility associated with the remedy An example would be soil vapor extraction

In September 2009 Helena Chemical Company began a pilot-scale bioremediation treatability study at the Site to test the effectiveness of sulfate reduction and anaerobic xylene degradation to treat residual ground water contamination in the surficial aquifer and the intemiediate aquifer system The pilot study also investigates reductive dechlorination of BHC isomers tlirough addition of facultative anaerobic cultures enhancement of nitrate- iron- and sulfate-reducers and addition of a reduction agent such as zero-valent iron with a pH adjustment The study was scheduled to conclude by the fourth quarter of 2010 and a contingency time of an additional 12 months has been allotted in the treatability study schedule if necessary

XI OVERALL OBSERVATIONS A Implementation of the Remedy

The pesticide source contamination in soil was excavated in 2000 and shipped offsite to an approved disposal facilitv in Louisiana Further soil excavation activities were performed in 2004 and 2005 in order to address sulfiir contamination source areas A pilot study to assess treatability of ground water contamination originating from the fomier sulfur pit area and the former xylene tank area is presently underway Results ofthe study will inform the selection ofthe remedy for ground water at the Site

B Adequacy of OampM A treatability study is presently underway for ground water treatment at the Site OampM activities have yet to commence

Early Indicators of Potential Remedy Problems None

D Opportunities for Optimization None

Site Inspection Team Galo Jackson EPA Region 4 Ed Brister Helena Chemical Conipany Christy Fielden E Inc Sabrina Foster E Inc

D-12

Appendix E Photographs from Site Inspection Visit

Helena Chemical Company office building at the Site

Signs at delivery gate which is secured outside of facility operating hours

E-1

Chemical storage warehouse on site

Fonner sulfur pit area with new chemical warehouse facilities

E-2

Monitoring well in the former sulfiir pit area

Pilot study monitoring wells in the former xylene tank area

E-3

Page 5: Five-Year Review Report Second Five-Year Review Report

Executive Summary

Introduction

The Helena Chemical Company (Tampa Plant) Site (the Site) consists of approximately eight acres located on four property parcels in Tampa Hillsborough County Florida Since 1929 the Site has been used for pesticide and agricultural chemical operations Helena Chemical Company moved most ofthe plants chemical formulation activities to a facility in Georgia in 1981 Some fonnulation and packaging of insecticidal spray oil and liquid fertilizers continues at the facility however the Site serves predominantly as a warehouse and distribution center for Helena Chemical Companys Florida sales locations Historical chemical mixing and fonnulation practices resulted in the contamination of soil and ground water with pesticides xylenes and sulfuric acid _ -_ mdash

The 1996 Record of Decision (ROD) selected a remedy for the Site that consisted of excavation and off-site disposal of contaminated soil from source areas and ground water containment extraction and treatment In 2000 approximately 7700 tons of pesticide-contaminated soil sediment and debris were excavated from the former xylene tank area and from the east drainage ditch along the CSX railway line located immediately to the south ofthe Site In 2004 and 2005 demolition and removal of concrete from the central courtyard area allowed for excavation of approximately 3000 tons of contaminated soil from the fonner sulfur pit area

The Site is located adjacent to two other Superfiind sites Alaric Area Ground Water Plume (Alaric Site) and Stauffer Chemical Co (Tampa) The ground water pump-and-treat system selected in the 1996 ROD has not been implemented so as not to exacerbate ground water plume migration from the Alaric Site In August 2009 the potentially responsible party (PRP) Helena Chemical Company began a pilot-scale bioremediation treatability study at the Site to test the effectiveness of substrate injection in ground water contaminant source areas in order for biological and physical degradation ofthe contaminants to occur The study was scheduled to continue for 12 months with a contingency period of another 12 months if necessary

The triggering action for this Five-Year Review (FYR) was the signing ofthe previous FYR report on January 31 2006

Remedial Action Objectives

The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) issued the site-wide ROD on May 7 1996 Based on the results ofthe Sites remedial investigation and feasibility study (RIFS) EPA detennined that remediation of soil sediment and ground water would be required for the protection of human health and the environment Remedial action objectives (RAOs) established in the ROD for the Site include

bull Restore the Site to beneficial use bull Reduce risk to human health within EPAs acceptable risk range (ie total residual

cancer risk between 1 x 10 to 1 x IO and maximum individual contaminant hazard quotient of one)

bull Reduce ecological risk and bull Protect ground water from continued degradation by site contaminants

Technical Assessment

The review of documents applicable or relevant and appropriate requirements (ARARs) risk assumptions and the Site inspection indicate that the Sites soil remedy is functioning as intended by Site decision documents for soil and sediment Pesticide-contaminated surface soil and sediment at the Site and the adjacent CSX railway line east drainage ditch were excavated and shipped offsite for biological treatment and disposal Contaminated soil and residual sulfur were also excavated and shipped offsite for disposal Since there is commingling ofthe Sites ground water plumes with those ofthe adjacent Alaric Site the pump-and-treat ground water remedy selected in the 1996 ROD may not cun^ently be appropriate to-implement at the Site until the Alaric Sites plumes have been remediated Helena Chemical Company proposed a pilot-scale treatability study to evaluate the feasibility of biological and physical ground water contaminant degradation The work plan for this treatability study was approved by EPA in August 2009 The study is currently underway and was scheduled to conclude by the fourth quarter of 2010 with a contingency period of another 12 months if necessary A final report documenting the effectiveness ofthe first full year ofthe treatability study was not available at the time this FYR report was drafted therefore a decision regarding whether to implement the additional 12 month contingency period had also not been made The final results ofthe treatability study will be used to infonn the selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site In the event that the treatability study is not successful EPA may consider additional avenues to approach remediation including additional excavation

The ARARs for four ofthe nine ground water contaminants of concem (COCs) aldrin alpha-benzene hexachloride (BHC) beta-BHC and dieldrin have become more stringent since the signing ofthe 1996 ROD During the current ground water treatability study alpha-BHC and beta-BHC have been detected at levels greater than the 1996 cleanup goal Remedial activities at the Site have allowed the continued industrial use ofthe property and have reduced ecological risk at the Site The selection of a revised ground water remedy is required before achieving the remaining two RAOs 1) protection of ground water from confinued degradadon by site contaminants and 2) reduction of risk to human health within EPAs acceptable risk range Residual soil contaminafion remains present below the water table and the ground water plume continues to exceed cleanup goals The industrial land use at the Site and in the surrounding area has not changed since the ROD was signed therefore the exposure assumptions are sfill valid

The 1996 ROD selected the implementation of institutional controls in the fonn of deed restrictions because industrial remedial goals for the soil and sediment were selected due to the Sites industrial zoning In addition an engineering control in the form of fencing was specified Land use restrictions have not yet been implemented for the Site however some interim institutional controls to protect against exposure to ground water contamination have been implemented Current and future zoning designations are consistent with the industrial land use criteria used in selection of Site COC cleanup goals In 2008 EPA entered into a Memorandum of Agreement with the Southwest Florida Water Management District (SWFWMD) The document confirms SWFWMDs regulatory authority to place restrictions on

well placement and constmction Through shared infonnation between the two agencies SWFWMD can make infonned pennitting and enforcement decisions to prevent exposure to ground water contamination that could pose a risk to human health No impacted ground water wells are used for potable water buildings at the Site and in the surrounding area are connected to municipal water supply lines At the request ofthe FDEP the need for additional institutional controls will be evaluated upon selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site

The Site is well-maintained and is suirounded by a secured perimeter fence with signs restricting access Access is limited to authorized persons during regular business hours All site-related wells have been secured or if no longer operational have been properly abandoned

Conclusion

The Sites remedy cun-enfiy protects huinan health and the environment in the short-temi because it is functioning as intended by the Sites decision documents for soil and sediment Source materials have been excavated and removed for off-site treatment and disposal The selected ground water remedy has not yet been implemented due to concems with promoting migration ofthe ground water plume from the neighboring Alaric Site A pilot-scale bioremediation treatability study is underway and will hopefijlly aid in the selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site The affected surficial aquifer in the vicinity ofthe Site is not used for potable water supply and area residents and businesses are connected to municipal water supply In order for the remedy to be protective in the long-term issues concerning implementation of a revised ground water remedy and institutional should be addressed

Five-Year Review Summary Form

SITE IDENTIFICATION Site name (fnnn WasteLAN) Helena Chemical Company (Tampa Plant) EPA ID (from WasteLAN) FLD053502696

Region 4 State Florida CityCounty TanipaHillsborough County

S I T E S T A T U S

NPL status ^ Final D Deleted D Other (specify) Remediation status (choose all that apply) ^ Under Construction HH Operating Q Complete Multiple OUs D YES ^ NO ^ ^ bdquo bdquo ^ ^ v^ Has site been put into reuse [^ YES I I NO Site is in c

Construction completion date Not Applicable ontiiiued use by the Helena Clieiiiical Company

R E V I E W S T A T U S

Lead agency | ^ EPA I I State I I Tribe I I Other Federal Agency

4uthor name Sabrina Foster and Cliristy Fielden (Reviewed by EPA) Author title Associate and Project Manager uthor affiliation E Inc

Review period 04152010 to 01312011 Date(s) of site inspection 07082010

Type of review IXI Post-SARA n Pre-SARA I I Non-NPL Remedial Action Site I I Regional Discretion

n NPL-Remova only n NPL StateTribe-lead

Review nuniber Q 1 (First) ^ 2 (second) Q 3 (third) bull Other (specify)

Triggering action I I Actual RA Onsite Construction at 0U I I Construction Completion I I Other (specify)

n Actual RA Start at 0U 1X1 Previous Five-Year Review Report

Triggering action date (from WasteLAM) 01312006 Due date (fiveyears after triggering action date) 0131 201 1

OU refers lo operable unit] [Review period should correspond to lhe actual start and end dates ofthe Five-Year Review in WasteLAN]

Five-Year Review Summary Form continued

Issues 1) A revised ground water remedy for the Site has not been selected or implemented and sampling events continue to detect COC concentrations in groutid water that are greater than cleanup goals 2) Land use restrictions for the Site have not yet been implemented 3) The ARARs for aldrin alpha-BHC beta-BHC and dieldrin have become more stringent since the signing ofthe 1996 ROD

Recommendations and Follow-up Actions 1) At the conclusion ofthe current pilot study evaluate results and if appropriate document the selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Sile 2) During the future modification ofthe selected ground water remedy evaluate the need for soil and sediment source control institutional controls and for additional ground water institutional controls and implement as appropriate

Protectiveness Statement The Sites remedy cuiTently protects human health and the environment in the short-term because it is functioning as intended by the Sites decision documents for soil and sediment Source materials have been excavated and removed for off-site treatment and disposal The selected ground water remedy has not yet been implemented due to concems with promoting migration ofthe ground water plume from the neighboring Alaric Site A pilot-scale bioremediation treatability study is underway and vvill hopefully aid in the selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site The affected surficial aquifer in the vicinity ofthe Site is not used for potable water supply and area residents and businesses are connected to municipal water supply In order for the remedy to be protective in the long-term issues concerning implementation of a revised ground water remedy and institutional controls should be addressed

Other Coniments Deed records for the Site could not be located tlirough the Hillsborough County Deed Records Office or tlirough an EPA property title search If evaluation of appropriate institutional controls for the Site results in the selection of a restrictive covenant these deed records will need to be located for the restrictive covenant to be implemented

Environmental Indicators - Current hunian exposures at this site are under control - Current ground water migration is not under control

Are Necessarv Institutional Controls in Place n All lEl Some D None A Memorandum of Agreement between EPA and the Southwest Florida Water Management District (SWFWMD) confirms SWFWMDs authority to regulate ground water well use and to impose additional restrictions for the Site and surrounding area Current and anticipated ftiture land uses and zoning are consistent with the industrial criteria used in selection of Site cleanup goals At the request ofthe FDEP once a revised ground water remedy has been selected the Site will be further evaluated to detennine whether additional institutional controls are required

Has the Site Been Designated as Site-Wide Readv for Anticipated Use D Yes ^ No

Second Five-Year Review Report for

Helena Chemicai Company (Tampa Plant) Superfund Site

10 Introduction

The purpose of a Five-Year Review (FYR) is to evaluate the implementation and perfoimance of a remedy in order to detemiine if the remedy will confinue to be protective of human health and the environinent The methods findings and conclusions of FYRs are documented in five-year review reports In addition FYR reports identify issues found during the review ifany and document recommendations to address them

The US Environmental Protecfion Agency (EPA) prepares FYRs pursuant to the Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA) Section 121 and the National Confingency Plan (NCP) CERCLA Secfion 121 states

If the President selects a remedial action that results in any hazardous substances pollutants or contaminants remaining at the site the President shall review such remedial action no less often than each five years after the initiation of such remedial action to assure that human health and the environinent are being protected by the remedial action being implemented In addition if upon such review it is the judgment ofthe President that acfion is appropriate at such site in accordance with section [104] or [106] the President shall take or require such action The President shall report to the Congress a list of facilifies for which such review is required the results of all such reviews and any actions taken as a result of such reviews

EPA interpreted this requirement further in the NCP Title 40 ofthe Code of Federal Regulafions (CFR) Secfion 300430(f)(4)(ii) states

If a remedial acfion is selected that results in hazardous substances pollutants or contaminants remaining at the site above levels that allow for unlimited use and unrestricted exposure the lead agency shall review such actions no less often than every five years after the initiation ofthe selected remedial action

E Inc an EPA Region 4 contractor conducted the FYR and prepared this report regarding the remedy implemented at the Helena Chemical Company (Tampa Plant) Site (the Site) in Tampa Hillsborough County Florida This FYR was conducted from April of 2010 to January of 2011 EPA is the lead agency for developing and implementing the remedy for the potentially responsible party (PRP)-financed cleanup at the Site The Florida Department of Environmental Protection (FDEP) as the support agency representing the State of Florida has reviewed all supporting documentafion and provided input to EPA during the FYR process

This is the second FYR for the Site The triggering action for this statutory review is the previous FYR in 2006 The FYR is required due to the fact that hazardous substances pollutants or contaminants remain at the Site above levels that allow for unlimited use and unrestricted exposure

20 Site Chronology

The following table lists the dates of important events for the Site

Table 1 Chronology of Site Events

Event Initial discovery of contamination Site proposed for the National Priorities List (NPL) Administrative Order on Consent between EPA and Helena Chemical Company remedial investigation and feasibility study (RIFS) start date Site listed on the NPL RIFS completed -Record of Decision (ROD) signed Unilateral Administrative Order and Consent Decree issued by EPA to Helena Chemical Company for implementation of remedial design (RD) and remedial action (RA) RD start date Soil RD completion date and RA start date Soil RA completed RD for sulfur area started RD for sulfur area completed Explanation of Significant Differences (ESD) for xylene issued Consent Decree issued by EPA to Helena Cheinical Company for cost recovery First FYR signed Memorandum of Agreement signed between EPA Region 4 and Southwest Florida Water Management District (SWFWMD) Pilot test for ground water and interini monitoring program start

Date August I 1980

February 7 1992 September 2 1992

October 14 1992 Iuly20 1995 Mav 7 1996

December 10 1996

December 26 1996 Februan 142000

March 7 2001 March 182003

May 8 2003 lanuary 27 2005

July 20 2005

January 31 2006 September 11 2008

August 2009

30 Background

31 Physical Characteristics

The Site is located at 2405 North 71^ Street within the City of Tampa in Hillsborough County Florida (Figure 1) This active commercial and industrial land use area is known as Orient Park or Bunchville An acfive CSX railway line mns along the southem border ofthe Site The active main operating facility is on a single 65-acre parcel (Parcel A-I4-29-19-4CA-000000-000220) bounded by Orient Road to the east East 14 Avenue to the north and North 71^ Street to the west Three additional parcels (Parcel A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000320 Parcel A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000330 and Parcel A-14-29-19-4CE-000003-000010) totaling 197 acres located west of North 71 Street are also included as part ofthe Site and are known as the Helena Woods The Site is situated between two other Superfund sites I) the Alaric Area Ground Water Plume Superfund Site (Alaric Site) to the north ofthe Helena Woods area and to the west ofthe main operating facility and 2) the Stauffer Chemical Company (Tampa) Superfund Site to the southeast ofthe Site on the southem side ofthe CSX railroad tracks

The Site is approximately 05 miles west of Six Mile Creek and the Tampa Bypass Canal The Site is subject to flooding during periods of intense and extended rainfall Surface water at the Site is composed entirely of stonnwater mnoff and the sediment remediation in the Sites selected remedy addresses sediment deposited by this overland flow Stonnwater mnoff from the central portion ofthe Site channels into concrete drainage swales and flows into an on-site retention pond located in the southeastem comer ofthe operating facility parcel The retenfion pond is designed to hold stonnwater mnoff during a 20-year stonn A spillway at the southeastem corner ofthe retention pond allows overflow to drain into a drainage ditch parallel to the CSX railroad tracks The retention pond is part ofthe mnoff control system at the Site and does not constitute a significant ecological habitat

On the westem and northem boundaries ofthe operating facility parcel stonnwater flows to the southwest where it collects in a low-lying section ofthe Helena Woods area and then flows to the north via a paired ditchculvert system along the east and west shoulders of North 71st Street On the east boundary surface water flow continues south along the ditch parallel to Orient Road Drainage tums eastward through a culvert under Orient Road then travels east-northeast for approximately 05 miles The drainage pathway continues through a swale on the north side ofthe CSX right-of-way

Surficial deposits at the Site consist of a thin three to six inch layer of topsoil and sediment covering fine- to medium-grained sands These deposits extend approximately 11 feet below the ground surface (bgs) and are primarily unconsolidated brown fineshygrained sands with traces of organic matter clay silt medium-grained sand and shells The surficial deposits fonn a sharp contact with the underlying Intemiediate Confining Unit which is a stiff intemiediate clay unit between the overlying surficial aquifer and the underlying poorly consolidated limestones that grade into more indurated limestones

11

The bottom portions ofthe surficial unit are saturated year-round the water table fluctuates drasfically with precipitation with seasonal high-water tables rising to within one foot bgs The clay ofthe Intermediate Confining Unit or intennediate aquifer system has low hydraulic pemieability and fonns the semi-confining unit between the ground water of the surficial aquifer and the Floridan aquifer The Upper Floridan aquifer is encountered at approximately 80 feet bgs Moderately indurated clayey sandy limestone is present in the upper section ofthe Floridan aquifer

Ground water flow at the Site is oriented in a radial pattem to the northeast east southeast south and southwest Gradients are the highest in the southeastem direction and lowest toward the northeast and southwest

12

Figure I Site Location Map

Helena Chemical Company Superfund Site Tampa HiHsborough County Florida

Disclaimer This map and any boundary lines within the map are approximate and subject to change The map is not a survey The map is for informational purposes only regarding EPAs response actions at the Site and is not intended for any other purpose

13

Figure 2 Detailed Site Map

~ vHak Area Ground Water Plume Site t

h-V -bull

^

KbullVI^tHl

-

4 ^

See Figure 3 _JSCnSt detail

T--

bdquo bdquo ^ bdquo I

1

I C ^ bullbull

Stauffer Chemical Company (Tampa) Site

Zi

Lagand [ __ ftppronmals Boundary at Suf id A q u h i Gtowid VUMCf Plume L ^ BounMry

17 AjipxiitrratD Boundary of inMimodixe Aqutar System Grcurd Matnr Plume ^ Priaiate WWis Found D i ^ r ^ Sts inapecVon

bull lnlBiniediraquoIeA^u-fcrSyilBT MonlaingwVei Incnaed in Monilonnj Program S SurfcalApufcr Mantarng WBK Incliided in Manitomg Prcgran

^ Weimedisie Aquilei Sysle-n Moiatof Kig Well Not lncjltteltlaquo in Monltonng Progiain pound Suifcal Aqullte Montamo Well Not Inoufled n Monilonrraquo8 Pr agiam

Helena Chemical Company Superfund Site Tampa Hillsborough County Florida

y Disclaimer This map and any boundary lines within the map are approximate and subject to change The map is not a survey The map is for informational purposes only regarding EPAs response actions at the Site and is not intended for any other purpose

14

32 Land and Resource Use

The Site has been used for the manufacture storage and distribution of agricultural products since 1929 The original Site owner Flag Sulfur Company fomiulated a wide variety of insecticides herbicides and fungicides including wettable and dusting sulfur at the Site from 1929 until 1967 Helena Chemical Company acquired the business in 1967 and continued manufacturing operations In 1981 Helena Chemical Company

moved the pesticides herbicides and fiingicides fonnulation operafions to a facility in Georgia in 1981 and the Tampa facility has confinued fomiulating and packaging insecticidal spray oil and liquid fertilizers since that time The Site also serves as Helena Chemical Companys main distribution warehouse for sales locations in the State of Florida

The Site consists of four land parcels within a secured Site perimeter fence The largest of these parcels (65 acres) contains the active Helena Chemical Company offices warehouses and distribufion centers as well as associated paved parking areas This parcel (A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000220) is presenfly zoned for light industrial land uses The Planning Commission serving Hillsborough County the City of Plant City the City of Temple Terrace and the City of Tampa anticipates this parcels fijture land use to be heavy industrial The three smaller parcels forming the Helena Woods area are covered by low grassy vegetation and oak trees and also contain several ground water monitoring wells for the Alaric Site located immediately to the north Two ofthe Helena Woods parcels are listed as being vacant and the third is zoned for a mobile home park The Planning Commission anficipates that all three parcels will be zoned for heavy industrial use in the future North 7P Street fomierly crossed the CSX railroad tracks to the south ofthe Site but the road was closed after an accident at the crossing The street now dead ends at the entrance gate to the tmck loading area on the Helena Cheinical Company property and the closed section of street between the entrance gate and the railroad tracks is included within the Site perimeter fencing

Surrounding land uses predominanfly include various light and heavy industrial uses as well as commercial land uses Small pockets of single family residences are located several blocks to the north and to the west ofthe Site Buildings on the Site and throughout the area impacted by site-related ground water contaniination are connected to municipal water supply lines None ofthe ground water wells impacted by contamination fi^om the Site are used for potable water supply

33 History of Contamination

The facility was built in 1929 as a chemical plant for the production of sulfur and was owned and operated by Flag Sulfur Conipany No historical records regarding the specific products formulated during Flag Sulfijr Company operafions are available but previous facility managers indicated that the conipany manufactured wettable and dusting sulfijr and fomiulated pesticides herbicides fungicides and fertilizers at the Site In 1967 Helena Chemical Conipany purchased the facility fi^om Duval Corporation the owner of Flag Sulfur Company From 1967 to 1981 Helena Chemical Conipany produced

15

wettable and dusting sulfur and fomiulated pesticides herbicides fungicides and fertilizers at the Site The company purchased the raw niaterials fi^oiii suppliers and added solvent emulsifiers andor surfactant to give the finished product certain characteristics required for various applications and strengths

Historically most agricultural chemical fonnulation occurred in the East Warehouse building located in the south central portion ofthe main operating facility parcel The fonnulation process for liquid products would consist of mixing a technical chemical with various solvents a surfactant andor emulsifiers in aboveground mixing vessels in the East Warehouse building Various solvents including xylene and an intemiediate range petroleum solvent called T-500 were used as pesticide carriers or diluents These solvents were stored on site in aboveground storage tanks A 3500-galIon capacity aboveground xylene storage tank was historically located in a benned area to the east of the East Warehouse building This tank was vandalized in 1977 causing a release of xylene to the soil and ground water below

In 1974 Helena Cheinical Company began using a three-tank pollution control system to handle the wash-down waste generated from pesticide manufacturing The wash-down waste consisted primarily of pesticides in a xylene carrier It was diluted with other process water and stonnwater treated vvith caustic soda run through an aeration evaporation treatnient system and finally discharged to the on-site stomiwater retention pond Sludges associated with the treatment system were periodically removed and shipped to the Chemical Waste Management Inc facility in Emelle Alabama for appropriate disposal At an undetemiined time between 1984 and 1988 use ofthe three-tank pollution control system was discontinued

According to the 1996 ROD the on-site stomiwater retention pond may have received some overflow waste from the East Warehouse building before the pollution control tanks were installed in 1974 During construction ofthe retention pond soil in the southeastem portion ofthe Site was removed using backhoes and placed in the Helena Woods area While the Helena Woods area was never used for agricultural chemical fonnulation or packaging contaniination in this area is attributed to the dredge niaterials irom the retention pond and to treatinent with pesticides and herbicides during routine maintenance activities

Dry products were formulated in the east end ofthe West Warehouse building just south ofthe loading dock using a Raymond Mill for grinding and a set of ribbon blenders for mixing Helena Chemical Company would then package the finished product for resale Both Flag Sulfur Company and Helena Chemical Conipany manufactured sulfiir dust and wettable sulfur on site Flag Sulfur Companys operations are largely unknown Helena Chemical Companys sulfur processing operations consisted of transporting molten sulfur to the Site and unloading the sulfur in the fonner sulfijr pit area located south ofthe current central paved courtyard between the West and East Warehouse buildings The sulfur was contained in berms for a period of approximately 48 hours until it had solidified Heavy equipment was then used to break the sulfur into pieces for processing through the Raymond Mill

16

34 Initial Response

In 1976 Helena Chemical Company stopped processing sulfijr products The fomier sulfur pit area was excavated and then filled with clean sand In 1980 the fomiulation of dry fertilizers was also discontinued at the facility In 1981 Helena Chemical Company moved the pesticide herbicide and fungicide fonnulation operation to a company facility in Georgia Since 1981 Helena Chemical Company has fomiulated insecficidal petroleum oil (a 70-viscosity paraffin-based oil with an emulsifier additive) and liquid fertilizers at the Site In addition to products produced at the facility numerous agricultural products are stored in the warehouse prior to distribution to Helena Chemical

- Companys Florida sales offices mdash

In 1984 FDEP inspected the Site and required quarterly monitoring ofthe surficial aquifer From 1988 to 1990 EPA investigated the Site and found pesticide contaniination in the on-site soil sediment and surficial aquifer Based on the potential for hunian exposure via ingestion of contaminated ground water EPA proposed the Site for listing on the NPL in Febmary 1992 and finalized the listing in October 1992

The Florida Department of Health and Rehabilitative Services (FHRS the predecessor of FDEP) in cooperation with the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry prepared a public health assessment for the Site in September 1993 In that report FHRS expressed concem for on-site worker contact with contaminated soil and exposure to sediment and ground water FHRS made several recommendations that additional data should be collected Under a September 1992 Consent Order with EPA Helena Cheinical Coinpany perfonned a RIFS at the Site The primary objectives ofthe invesfigation were to detemiine the nature magnitude and extent of contamination evaluate potential risks to human health and the environinent and evaluate potential cleanup altematives Site operations have remained active throughout site investigations and remedial activities

35 Basis for Taking Action

The results ofthe RIFS documented extensive surface soil and sediment contaniination including pesticides semivolatile organic compounds and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) related to fonner operations by Helena Chemical Company and its predecessors The investigations also documented contamination of ground water in the surficial aquifer and intemiediate aquifer systems with chlorinated pesticides polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons phenols and VOCs A human health risk assessment perfonned by Black and Veatch in 1994 concluded that risks to current and future site workers current and future trespassers and potential future Site residents exceeded acceptable risk and hazard thresholds

17

40 Remedial Actions

In accordance with CERCLA and the NCP the ovemiding goals for any remedial action are protecfion of human health and the environment and compliance with applicable or relevant and appropriate requirements (ARARs) A nuinber of remedial altemafives were considered for the Site fmal selection was made based on an evaluafion ofeach altemative against nine evaluation criteria that are specified in Secfion 300430(e)(9)(iii) ofthe NCP The nine criteria include

L Overall Protectiveness of Human Health and the Environment 2 Compliance with ARARs 3 Long-Tenn Effectiveness and Pennanence 4 Reduction of Toxicity Mobility or Volume of Contaminants through Treatment 5 Short-temi Effectiveness 6 Implementability 7 Cost 8 State Acceptance 9 Community Acceptance

41 Remedy Selection

EPA issued the site-wide ROD on May 7 1996 Based on the results ofthe Sites RIFS EPA detennined that remediation of soil sediment and ground water would be required for the protection of huinan health and the environment Remedial action objecfives (RAOs) established in the ROD for the Site include

bull Restore the Site to beneficial use bull Reduce risk to human health within EPAs acceptable risk range (ie total

residual cancer risk between 1 x 10 to 1 x 10 and maximum individual contaminant Hazard Quotient of 1)

bull Reduce ecological risk bull Protect ground water from continued degradation by Site contaminants

The remedy selected in the Sites 1996 ROD consisted ofthe following remedial components for source control in soil and sediment

Implement institutional controls (ie fencing (cumenfiy considered an engineering control) and deed restrictions) Demolish tank fanii pads east ofthe liquid processing building (East Warehouse) and dispose ofthe debris offsite Excavate material from the fonner sulfur pit and dispose of excavated materials offsite Neutralize soil in place if located in areas where sulfur is present but inaccessible Excavate contaminated surface soil and sediment (zero to two feet) where concentrations exceed soil cleanup goals Biologically treat contaminated surface soil and sediment

bull Place treated soil back on site

Major components ofthe ground water remedy selected in the 1996 ROD include

bull Extract contaminated ground water bull Treat contaminated ground water to meet surface water discharge standards bull Discharge treated ground water to on-site ponds or to the Tampa Bypass Canal

under a National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System pemiit bull Place controls on Site to restrict the use of ground water beneath the Site through

the filing of deed notices in order to limit exposure to contaminated ground water until cleanup goals are met

The 1996 ROD selected cleanup goals for contaminants of concem (COCs) in both ground water and surface soil (Table 2) As Site data suggested that sediments with pesticide contamination attributable to the Site were primarily present in drainage ditches that were typically dry remediation of sediment in Site drainage features was to be managed using the surface soil cleanup goals protective of hunian health The 1996 ROD also selected a confingency remedy for Site soil and sediment If treatability studies demonstrated that the selected biological treatinent remedy could not achieve the performance standards listed in Table 2 low temperature themial desorption (LTTD) was to be used in lieu ofthe biological treatnient

Table 2 COCs and Cleanup Goals

bull bull - y y Contaminant of Concern

44-dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (44-DDT) Aldrin Alpha-benzene hexachloride (Alpha-BHC) Beta-benzene hexachloride (Beta-BHC) Gamma-benzene hexachloride (Gamma-BHC) Chlordane Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane (DDD) Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) Dieldrin Endosulfan 1 Endosulfan II Heptachlor Heptachlor epoxide Total xylenes Toxaphene

Ground Water 7 Cleanup Goal

(micrograms per liter ^gL)

03

005

005

01

02

NA NA NA NA 01

7

2 NA NA 20 NA

Surface Soil and Sediment Cleanup Goal

(milligrams per kilogram mgkg)

NA

018

047

NA

NA

23 126 89 89

019 NA NA 067 034 NA 276

NA not applicable

19

In January 2005 EPA issued an Explanation of Significant Differences (ESD) to modify part ofthe remedy described in the 1996 ROD The purpose ofthe ESD was to modify the xylene cleanup goal for ground water from 20 micrograms per liter (|JgL) per the Florida secondary maximum contaminant level (MCL) to 10000 (igL per the State and federal primary MCL Secondary MCLs are non-mandatory standards under the Superfund prograin and are not enforceable by EPA however they are a component of the State of Floridas drinking water statute State and federal primary MCLs are enforceable standards established to protect the public against consumption of drinking water that presents a risk to huinan health The ESD also called for continued monitoring ofthe effecfiveness ofthe xylene treatnient and for evaluation of further remedial actions should the presence of xylene a solvent mobilize residual soil pesticide contaminants into ground water

42 Remedy Implementation

Remedial design and remedial actions for soil sediment and ground water at the Site are being implemented by the Helena Chemical Company under a 1996 Unilateral Administrative Order An additional Consent Decree was filed in 2005 for EPA to recover past and future costs incurred and to require Helena Cheinical Conipany to pay EPA oversight costs at the Site and at a separate Site in South Carolina also owned by Helena Chemical Coinpany

Soil and Sediment Source Control

In 1999 additional grid-based sampling was conducted in the xylene source area (east of the East Warehouse building) to detemiine the boundaries for the soil removal excavation Bench-scale studies were performed by EPAs Ecosystems Research Division and EPAs Science and Ecosystems Support Division to investigate the effectiveness of incorporating zero-valent iron in soil to facilitate abiotic degradation of chlorinated pesticides These studies were implemented in 1999 but were tenninated early due to lack of measurable COC degradation Helena Chemical Company then explored the option of using the Xenorein bioremediation process which had been successfijlly implemented on the adjacent Stauffer Chemical Co (Tampa) Superfund site The extent of contamination prevented direct application ofthe Xenorem approach at the Site Helena Chemical Conipany learned however that an off-site disposal facility the Waste Management Inc hazardous waste treatment facility in Carlyss Louisiana (facility nuniber LAD0007772010P1) had been authorized to bioremediate wastes in July 1998 and could potentially accept the excavated Site materials for bioremediafion at the off-site facility EPA approved the change from on-site to off-site treatinent and disposal of contaminated soil and sediment in a letter dated Febmary 14 2000

The 1996 ROD had also stipulated LTTD as a contingency soil treatment should biological treatinent be ineffective EPA requested this contingency be explored in 1999 Helena Chemical Coinpany retained Focus Environmental Inc to perfonn the evaluation ofthe contingency treatinent The evaluation concluded that LTTD was not a practical remedy for the Site primarily due to concems related to elevated sulfijr concentrations in

20

soil which would require air pollution controls to remove acid gas generated by the treatnient as well as space limitations on the Site which would not pemiit an efficient layout and operafion ofthe treatment and material handling units

In 2000 Helena Chemical Conipany excavated 7700 tons of pesticide-contaminated soil fi-om the Site including the xylene source area and an additional 600 tons of pesticide-contaminated soil and sediment from the drainage ditch area along the CSX railway right-of-way just south ofthe Site Soil was transported to the Waste Manageinent Inc facility in Carlyss Louisiana for bioremediation andoff-site disposal Surface soils were excavated to a depth of two feet According to the 1996 ROD the water table in the area fluctuates between two and four feet bgs Therefore the excavation of surface soils to two feet bgs would address soil contaminafion above the water table but not contaniination existing below the water table The excavation areas were lined with an --indicator fabric prior to backfilling the areas with clean inaterials and seeded with grass where appropriate

Delineation activifies to detemiine the extent of sulfur contaniination in the fonner sulfur pit area were perfonned from 2001 through 2003 and remedial work was perfomied in two separate phases A metal building covering much ofthe area where sulfijr remedial work was to be perfonned was dismanfled and transported offsite for recycling During phase 1 remedial work performed in 2004 soil and concrete were excavated from the elevated loading dock area and the west side ofthe tank fann for off-site treatinent and disposal During phase II remedial work perfonned in 2005 soil and concrete were excavated from the northem tank fann and fonner warehouse boundaries Approximately 3000 tons of soil and crystallized (fomierly molten) sulfur were removed during the 2004 and 2005 removal activities and also shipped to the Waste Management Inc facility in Carlyss Louisiana for off-site disposal

The 2005 ESD changed the xylene ground water cleanup goal from 20 |JgL to 10000 ^gL Since the presence of xylene in ground water could mobilize residual pesticide contamination in soil into ground water the ESD included post-treatment monitoring of the xylene area This monitoring includes all COCs established in the 1996 ROD and a specific assessment of whether the remaining xylene concentrations are sufficiently low to ensure that cosolvency is not facilitating the transport of residual pesticides that might be lingering in the soil If cosolvency is found to be mobilizing residual pesticide contaminants fi-om soil to ground water this assessment will be used to detennine whether further active treatment of xylene to below the federal and state primary standard is necessary

Ground Water

The ground water remedy described in the 1996 ROD has not yet been implemented at the Site due to discovery of contaminafion and investigations at the adjacent Alaric Site and concems that the selected remedy would potentially cause further contaminafion of the aquifer systems Altemative ground water treatments are currently being investigated in the pilot-scale treatability study underway at the Site Supplemental data collection and

21

ground water plume delineafion studies began in 1998 Ground water sampling perfonned in existing surficial aquifer and intemiediate aquifer system monitoring wells in Febmary 1998 resulted in the installation of additional surficial aquifer wells south of the Site to further delineate the nature and extent of contaniination The results ofthis study also detemiined the need for further investigation of ground water contamination in the xylene area (location of 1977 release immediately east ofthe East Warehouse on the Site Figure 3) in the sulfijr area (locafion ofthe fonner sulfiir pit in central courtyard on the Site Figure 3) and in the intemiediate aquifer system

Field activities to address the recommendations ofthe Febmary 1998 investigation were implemented in April 2001 Eight additional monitoring wells (MW-24 through MW-31 Figure 2) were installed south and east ofthe Site on City of Tampa rights-of-way to monitor the extent of contamination in the surficial aquifer Contamination was also identified in shallow areas ofthe intermediate aquifer system Ground water sampling and supplemental field activities were perfonned from October 2002 through January 2003 These activities included intennediate aquifer invesfigations xylene source area invesfigations downgradient surficial aquifer monitoring well installation and sulfur area invesfigations Additional intermediate aquifer system monitoring wells (MW-32 and MW-33 Figure 2) were installed along Orient Road during a November 2002 comprehensive ground water sampling event The new wells were installed to provide intemiediate monitoring points for xylene pesficide and herbicide contamination

While the 2002 and 2003 field acfivities were being perfonned significant chlorinated solvent contamination from the adjacent Alaric Site was discovered in both the surficial aquifer and intennediate aquifer systems this contamination was commingling with the westem portion ofthe Sites ground water plume The implementation ofthe ground water pump-and-treat remedy selected for the Site had the potential to exacerbate contaminant plume migration from the Alaric Site For this reason EPA detennined that implementation ofthe pump-and-treat remedy for the Site should be delayed until delineation and remediation ofthe surficial aquifer at the Alaric Site is completed

Additional comprehensive ground water sampling events were perfonned in May 2005 to provide a baseline for water quality following complefion ofthe sulfur area removal acfions and in December 2006 to detennine current condifions across the monitoring well network Selected wells were also sampled in March August and November 2007 and January 2008 to gauge the overall effectiveness ofthe sulfur area removal in addressing source contaminafion ofthe surficial aquifer Given the probability that the selected pump-and-treat remedy for ground water at the Site would be incompatible with ground water treatnient activities being designed at the adjacent Alaric Site several altemafive management approaches to address ground water contamination in the sulfur area and associated plume were explored

In June 2009 Helena Chemical Conipany presented EPA with a Pilot Test and Interim Monitoring Work Plan to address ground water contamination without implementing the pump-and-treat remedy EPA approved the Work Plan in August 2009 and implementation began in August 2009 The pilot study is expected to last for one year

22

with an additional one-year contingency period The work plan addresses four critical areas of source control and monitoring the sulfur area the xylene area supplemental monitoring efforts and interim ground water monitoring activities while pilot testing is underway

Sulfijr Area Pilot Study

The pilot study objecfive in the sulfijr area is to detennine whether buffering pH and introducing zero-valent iron will allow natural degradation of benzene hexachloride (BHC) and sulfates in the source area through biological or physical mechanisms Low pH elevated sulfate and residual sulfiir in the sulfur area are thought to be inhibiting natural biological degradation processes and minimizing the physical attenuafion of contaminants within the aquifer-matrix which would typically occur through adsorpfion-and aqueous chemical reactions such as hydrolysis Given the residual sulfur in the soil which continues to act as a long-term source for sulfuric acid sulfate control was required in addition to pH controls Zero-valent iron was selected as the primary pilot study treatment technology for the sulfur area because it has been used effectively to facilitate abiofic degradation of BHCs is effecfive at moderating pH and acts as an oxygen scavenger limiting any future oxidafion of residual sulfur in the soil Additional neutralization with lime andor hydroxides and biological sulfate reduction may also be utilized to control pH levels if necessary

Two sulfur study areas known as the East Plot and the West Plot have been implemented in the central courtyard ofthe Site on either side ofthe fomier sulfur pit location (Figure 3) Each plot consists of eight injection wells Cheinical injections were administered in the third quarter of 2009 and sampling is being conducted at 60-day interals for the 360 days following the injections

Xylene Area Pilot Study

The xylene pilot test was designed to gauge the effectiveness of anaerobic biodegradatlon in degrading xylene and residual BHCs Total xylene concentrafions have declined since the 2000 soil removal action in the former xylene tank area but have remained above cleanup goals Site conditions such as low pH lack of nutrients and lack of electron accepting substrates (eg nitrate iron and sulfate) were thought to be limiting xylene and BHC degradadon The pilot test also sought to increase degradation rates without introducing treatments that would complicate efforts in the adjacent sulfijr pilot study bull area so the xylene treatinent was designed in consideration ofthe existing anaerobic Site conditions

One xylene pilot study area was implemented in the fonner xylene tank area (Figure 3) The plot includes six injection wells and 12 monitoring wells The first round of nutrient and electron acceptor substrate injections was perfonned in the third quarter of 2009 and the second round of injections was perfomied in the fourth quarter of 2009 As with the sulfijr pilot study area sampling is being conducted at 60-day intervals for the 360 days following the first round of injections

23

Monitoring Acfivities

Supplemental monitoring efforts in the work plan include installation of monitoring wells on the Fesfive Floats property located directly south ofthe Site on the opposite side of the CSX railway tracks and addifional investigation to detemiine the northem extent of low pH and elevated sulfate and BHC concentrations Until a revised ground water remedy is selected for the Site interini ground water monitoring activities in both the surficial and intermediate aquifer systems will include sampling every nine months to assess seasonal variability in concentrations and monitor for any changes in COC concentrations

24

Figure 3 Map of Pilot Study Area

r

SWTBD

swTZD s w n u

StfT-HD A I ^ raquoswr3u SWTU

swrsu

West Warehouse

SETTO SET1U

SET3U SETD A y A J

I SETSD

sensD raquo SETsu

5ET7U

X40

XI6D

^^xth 7 -^ ^IZD-- ^

_ X S U X8D B^=^X12tJ bull bull X l fU

X8U xi f lD

Legend

bull Surflclat Adulter Sulfur Arlaquoa P M Test Wall

Surlicii i AquHler Xylene Area Ptky Test Ir^ctnsn MHI

bull Suifidal Aquilei Xylene Area Pikx Tesl Monilming Well

I Sile Bounoaiv J Fee 90 too

L 7WL o NORTH

Figure 3 Site Map

Pilot Study Areas

Helena Chemical Company Superfund Site Tampa Hillsborough County Flonda

Disclaimer This map and any boundary lines within the map are approximate and subject to change The map is not a survey The map is for informational purposes only regarding EPAs response actions at the Site and is not intended for any other purpose

25

43 Operation and Maintenance (OampM)

The 1996 ROD anticipated that the ground water pump-and-treat system would be operated at the Site for a 30-year period and estimated that OampM ofthe system would cost $1289000 over the course ofthe 30 years The ground water remedy selected in the 1996 ROD has not yet been implemented due to developments at the adjacent Alaric Site and ongoing pilot testing at the Site As remedial activities continue with pilot testing there are no OampM acfivities undei-way at the Site and the activities to be addressed in a site OampM plan will depend on the future revised remedy for ground water for the Site

26

50 Progress Since the Last Five-Year Review

The protectiveness statement from the 2006 FYR for the Site stated the following

77^ remedy implemenled at the [Helena Chemical Company Tampa Site currently protects human health and the environment because source area actions implemented for pesticide-contaminated soil and the sulfur pit source area have been completed during this review period Additional evaluations of low pH conditions will be performed to assess the need for supplemental neutralization in conjunction with future groundwater actions No remedial actions for groundwater have been implemented at this time Site data evaluations and remedy evaluations will ensure the remedy will be protective In the interim exposure pathways that could result in unacceptable risks are incomplete Conditions-at the site are not expected to change in the near future given the area s land use (commercialindustrial) However in order for the remedy to be protective in the long term the following actions need to be taken a full evaluation ofthe need for deed reslriclions and if necessary they will be imposed

The 2006 FYR included three issues and recommendafions Table 3 summarizes each recommendation and its current status

Table 3 Progress on Recommendations from the 2006 FYR

Section

51

Recommendations

EPA FDEP and Helena Chemical Company will discuss ground water remedy issues including the need for fijrther assessment of natural attenuation processes Dialogue will generate a priority list for evaluation identify evaluation teclmiques and establish an evaluation timetable Ground water remedy discussions will be initiated by the second quarter of 2006

Parties Responsible

EPA FDEP Helena

Chemical Company

Milestone Date

4302006

Action Taken and Ontcome

Discussions between EPA FDEP and Helena Chemical Company have resulted in the development of a pilot testing work plan to explore treatment options for enliancing biological and physical degradation processes This pilot study was initiated in August 2009

Date of Action

08312009

27

Section

52

53

Recommendations

EPA FDEP and Helena Chemical Company will evaluate ylene source area issues Discussions will include prioritization of any additional RD activities evaluation of remedial cleanup goals etc Xylene remedy discussions will be initiated by the first quarter of 2006

Helena Chemical Company will evaluate the requirements for implementing deed restrictions on the property and whether any remedy-specific requirements must be incorporated into the institutional control A fiill evaluation ofthe need for deed restrictions will be made and if necessary they will be imposed This evaluation will be completed by the fourth quarter of 2006

Parties Responsible

EPA FDEP Helena

Chemical Company

Helena Chemical Company

Milestone Date

4302006

12312006

Action Taken and Outcome-

Pilot test program discussions between EPA FDEP and Helena Chemical Company have resulted in the development of a work plan to explore effectiveness of anaerobic degradation of xylene and BHCs This pilot study was initiated in August 2009

EPA and FDEP are is discussions regarding the restrictive covenant for the Sites soil in order to prevent exposure Land use zoning is consistent vvith soil cleanup criteria and land use is not anticipated to change in the foreseeable future Ground water institutional controls are enforced through an EPA Memorandum of Agreement with the Southwest Florida Water Management District

Date of Action

08312009

Pending

51 Ground Water Remedy Discussions

The ground water pump-and-treat remedy selected in the 1996 ROD has not been implemented due to potential complications arising from commingling ofthe Sites ground water contaminants with those from the adjacent Alaric Site A Pilot Study and Interini Monitoring Work Plan was approved by EPA and implementation began in August 2009 The Work Plan describes the investigafion of chemical injecfions to enhance and facilitate natural physical and biological degradation rates for contaminants in the sulfiir area and in the xylene area The study is designed to assess the following questions

bull Is degradation occurring under pilot conditions

bull Can aquifer geochemistry be adjusted to facilitate remediafion

bull What is the longevity of amendments being injected

28

bull What zone of discharge is developed following injection and what is the expected duration ofthe zone of discharge

The study was scheduled to continue for 12 months with a contingency period of another 12 months if necessary At the conclusion ofthe study these questions will be addressed to detennine next steps in selecting an appropriate ground water remedy for the Site A final report documenting the effecfiveness ofthe first full year ofthe treatability study was not available at the fime this FYR report was drafted therefore a decision regarding whether to implement the additional 12 month contingency period had also not been made

52 Xylene Source Area Discussions

As noted in Section 51 EPA approved the Pilot Study and Interini Monitoring Work Plan in 2009 Per the Work Plan two rounds of nutrient and electron acceptor substrate were injected in the xylene area in late 2009 The injections are expected to enhance natural degradafion rates of xylene and BHCs sampling is being conducted every 60 days The study was scheduled to continue for 12 months with a contingency period of another 12 months if necessary A final report documenting the effectiveness ofthe first full year ofthe treatability study was not available at the time this FYR report was drafted therefore a decision regarding whether to implement the additional 12 month contingency period had also not been made

53 Institutional Controls Evaluation

At the request of FDEP the appropriate land use restrictions for the Site has not been yet been implemented While the ground water remedy is being assessed some interim institutional controls to protect against exposure to ground water contamination have been implemented The Site is presently surrounded by a secured perimeter fence that only pennits access to the property by authorized persons during regular business hours Helena Chemical Company intends to continue Site operations for the foreseeable future and does not intend to sell or lease the property so there is minimal potential for a party to unknowingly become exposed to Site soil or sediment contaniination or to impact the protectiveness ofthe remedial actions already in place The operating facility parcel is zoned light industrial the three Helena Woods parcels are zoned as either vacant land or as a mobile home park The local Planning Commission anticipates all four parcels will be zoned for heavy industrial use in the future which remains consistent with the industrial criteria used in selection of cleanup goals for the Site

EPA has also taken steps to limit the potential for exposure to contaminated Site ground water while ground water treatment pilot testing activities are completed In September 2008 EPA Region 4 and the Southwest Florida Water Management District (SWFWMD) entered into a Memorandum of Agreement regarding Site ground water Per the agreement EPA provides SWFWMD with infonnation regarding the area of ground water impacted or potentially impacted by the Site and SWFWMD acts as the regulatory authority to implement and enforce ground water use restrictions at and near

29

the Site The ground water area impacted by the Site is designated as Zone A marking the contamination zone and Zone B marking a buffer area surrounding Zone A The agreement stipulates that EPA must conduct a well survey of Zones A and B at least once every five years to identify any new wells constructed or operafing since the previous survey EPA remedial project manager (RPM) Galo Jackson conducted the first well survey concurrenfiy with the FYR Site inspection and identified two wells (Figure 2) One well was located along East 9 Avenue on the EQ Florida property in Zone A The second well was located along East 7 Avenue on the RampL Metals property in Zone B SWFWMD was notified of these wells in September 2010 The well in Zone A is currenUypemiitted for industrial use by EQ Florida and the well in Zone B has been plugged and abandoned on the RampL Metals property

SWFWMD has the authority to impose reasonable condifions necessary to protect the applicable water source and to prevent the spread of ground or surface water contaminafion For well construcfion pennits such conditions include prohibiting use of the well as a potable water supply requiring notice to well owners of potential ground water contamination or requiring specific methods ofconstruction Under Florida Administrafive Code (FAC) Rule 40D-3505(3) SWFWMD will deny an application for a well construction pemiit for activity in Zone A if use ofthe well would increase the potential for hanii to public health safety and welfareor if the proposed well would degrade the water quality ofthe aquifer by causing pollutants to spread

30

60 Five-Year Review Process

61 Administrative Components

EPA Region 4 initiated the FYR in May 2010 and scheduled its completion for January 2011 The EPA site review team was led by EPA RPM Galo Jackson and also included EPA site attomey Kevin Beswick EPA Community Involvement Coordinator (CIC) LTonya Spencer and contractor support provided to EPA by Christy Fielden and Sabrina Foster of E Inc In May 2010 EPA held a scoping call with the review team to discuss the Site and itenis of interest as they related to the protectiveness ofthe remedy cunently in place A review schedule was established that consisted ofthe following activities

Community notification Document review Data collection and review Site inspection Local interviews FYR Report development and review

62 Community Involvement

In January 2011 a public notice was published in the Tampa Tribune announcing the commencement ofthe FYR process for the Site providing contact information for RPM Galo Jackson and CIC LTonya Spencer and invifing community participation was published The press notice is available in Appendix B The FYR report will be made available to the public once it has been finalized Copies ofthis docunient will be placed in the designated site repository University of South Florida Library located at 4202 East Fowler Avenue Tampa Florida 33620 Upon completion ofthe FYR a public notice will be placed in the Tampa Tribune to announce the availability ofthe final FYR report in the Sites document repository

63 Document Review

This FYR included a review of relevant site-related documents including the ROD remedial action reports and recent monitoring data A complete list ofthe documents reviewed can be found in Appendix A

ARARs Review

Section 121(d)(2)(A) of CERCLA specifies that Superfund remedial actions must meet any federal standards requirements criteria or limitations that are detennined to be applicable or relevant and appropriate requirements (ARARs) ARARs are those standards criteria or limitations promulgated under federal or state law that specifically address a hazardous substance pollutant contaminant remedial action locafion or other circumstance at a CERCLA site To-Be-Considered criteria (TBCs) are non-promulgated

31

advisories and guidance that are not legally binding but should be considered in detennining the necessary level of cleanup for protection of human health or the environment While TBCs do not have the status of ARARs EPAs approach to detemiining ifan RA is protective of hunian health and the environment involves consideration of TBCs along with ARARs

Chemical-specific ARARs are specific numerical concentration restrictions on individually listed contaminants in specific media Examples of chemical-specific ARARs include the MCLs specified under the Safe Drinking Water Act as well as the ambient water quality criteria enumerated under the Clean Water Act Because there are usually numerous contaminants of potential concem for any Site various numerical quanfity requirements can be ARARs The final remedy selected for this Site was designed to meet or exceed all chemical-specific ARARs and meet location- and action-specific ARARs

Ground Water

According to the 1996 ROD cleanup goals for the nine ground water COCs were selected to ensure that remaining ground water concentrations would not exceed the 1 x 10~ risk level for carcinogens a Hazard Quotient (HQ) of 1 for non-carcinogens under an industrial land use scenario The cleanup goals for 44-DDT endosulfan 1 and endosulfan II were selected based on health-based criteria The site-specific health-based cleanup goal for 44-DDT was less stringent than Floridas ground water guidance and the ROD notes that the cleanup goal may need to be revisited in the future to obtain FDEPs agreement with deletion ofthe Site from the NPL upon completion of cleanup activities

Cleanup goals for aldrin alpha-BHC beta-BHC and dieldrin were based on the Florida Groundwater Guidance Concentration which is a TBC for the Site The cleanup goal for total xylene listed in the 1996 ROD was selected based on the State secondary MCL but was later modified in the 2005 ESD to be consistent with federal and State primary MCLs The cleanup goal for gamma-BHC was selected based on federal and State MCLs

The ARARs for aldrin alpha-BHC beta-BHC and dieldrin were compared to the current Florida Groundwater and Surface Water Contaminant Cleanup Target Levels (62 FAC 777) which is the cuirent State guidance on acceptable ground water contaminant concentrations (Table 4) The ARARs for all four of these COCs have become more stringent since the signing ofthe 1996 ROD The cleanup goals for gamma-BHC and total xylene were compared with National Primary Drinking Water regulations (40 CFR 141-143) and FDEP Drinking Water Standards Monitoring and Reporting Requirements (62 FAC 550310) The cleanup goals for gamma-BHC and total xylene remain the same as in the 1996 ROD and 2005 ESD respectively This review did not find that the assumptions used in calculation ofthe site-specific health-based cleanup goals for 44-DDT endosulfan I and endosulfan II had changed

32

Table 4 Previous and 2010 ARARs for Ground Water COCs

Contaminant of Concern bull bull bull bull ^ - gt J j J bull

44-DDT Aldrin Alpha-BHC Beta-BHC Gamma-BHC Dieldrin Endosulfan I Endosulfan II Total xvlenes

1996 ROD ARAROigL)

03 005 005 01 02 01 2 2

20

2005 ESD ARAR (ugL) r

mdash -mdash mdash mdash mdash mdash mdash

10000

2010 ARAR (UgL)

03 0002 0006 002 02-

0002= 2 7

10000

ARAR Change y - y bull

None More Stringent More Stringent More Stringent

None More Stringent

None None None

a Site-specific health-based standaid selecled to ensure tlial remaining ground waler concenirations would nol exceed lhe 1 x 10 risk level for carcinogens an HQ of 1 Ior non-carcinogens or the inslRimenl quantitation limit under an industrial land use scenaiio

b Cleanup goal selecled based on Florida Groundwater Guidance Concenlralion which is a TBC for ihc Sile c Cleanup goal selecled based on federal and Florida MCLs d Cleanup goal selected based on Florida secondary MCLs e Florida Groundwater and Surface Waler Cleanup Target Levels are available al

lmpAvwwdepslatenuswasicqiiick ionicsrulcsdocunieiils62-777TablelGroundwalciCTLs4-l 7-05ndllaccessed 8122010) A comparison of Floridas 1999 and 2005 Groundwater and Surface Waler Cleanup Target Levels is available al hllpu-vvvvdenslatenuswaslequick lopicsnublicalionswcbrownlicldsConipTabiesGroundwalerandSurli ccVValerCieaniipTartJelL evelspdf

f Cunent MCLs are based on federal (40 CFR 141-1431 and slate (62 FAC 550310) drinking waler slandards Federal standards are based on Nalional Primary and Secondaiy Drinking Waler Maximum Contaminant Levels (IU(p7valcrcpacovdrinkconlaininanlsindexcrniSLisi accessed S122010) and slale standards are based on Florida Slale Drinking Waler Synthetic Organic Conlajuinanls and their Slandards (hU|iwwwdcpslalciluswalerdrinkinswalersvn conlum accessed S122010)

g Gamma-BHC is lisied as lindane in federal and state MCLs

64 Data Review

Confinnatory sampling for the 2000 pesticide area removal action and for the 2004 and 2005 sulfijr area removal actions was perfonned immediately following the removals Surface soil and sediment with COC concentrations above industrial use cleanup goals had been effectively removed and no further sampling or OampM activities are required for surface soil and sediment

Ground water pilot test activities cunently underway include baseline sampling and four subsequent sampling events for the sulfur area (Table 5) and the xylene area (Table 6) The treatability study sampling events have been implemented as follows

Baseline sampling in August 2009 60-Day Event sampling in November 2009 120-Day Event sampling in January 2010 180-Day Event sampling in March 2010 and 240-Day Event sampling in May 2010

The pilot test is invesfigating methods for the biological and physical degradation of Site contaminants Follow-up sampling analyzes various aqueous geochemical parameters in addition to contaminant concentrations Per the EPA-approved work plan routine sampling analyses include four of the nine ground water COCs alpha-BHC beta-BHC

33

gamma-BHC and total xylenes in addition to various other contaminants and break-down products

In both the sulfur area and the xylene area ground water concentrations of alpha-BHC beta-BHC and gamma-BHC have predominantly remained consistent with baseline sampling levels and largely remain elevated above cleanup goals for the Site In the sulfur area total xylene concentrations in ground water when detected are well below the cleanup goal of 10000 igL The xylene release at the Site occurred downgradient from the fomier sulfur pit and these low concentrations of xylene are consistent with expectations for this area In the xylene area total xylene concentrations are responding to the treatment showing declines below the cleanup goal in several wells (eg X3U X5U X9U and XI IU) but showing increasing concentrations in other wells (eg X6D X7U and X8D) Only data fromthe first nine months ofthe treatability study were mdash available at the time this FYR report was being drafted detennination ofthe effectiveness of these treatments must wait until the study has been completed

Ofthe site-related VOCs present in the ground water plume only xylene and possibly ethylbenzene are present in the surficial aquifer and poses a potential vapor intrusion concem Remedial contractor EnSafe Inc included an updated total xylene plume map as Figure 5-5 in the 2009 Pilot Test and Interim Monitoring Work Plan This figure shows that concentrations at or above the xylene ground vater cleanup goal are located on the Helena Chemical Conipany property along the CSX Railroad right-of-way or under the railroad tracks The few buildings within this plume area are open-sided warehouse structures on the Helena Chemical Company property and thus a vapor intmsion assessment has not been necessary

Table 5 Sulfur Area Pilot Test COC Detections in Ground Water to Date

Well Sampled

Sampling Event

(Cleanup Goal)

COCs and Detected Concentrations (pgL)

Alpha-BHC

(005 pgL)

Beta-BHC -yy (01 pgL)

Gamma-BHC

(02 pgL)

Total Xylenes

(10000 pgL)

Ecw Plot Wells

SETIU

SET2D

SET3U

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

23 D

31

17

19

24

44 D

39

26

26

38

22

19

33 J

36 1

4

25

29

12 D

045

056

059

086

3

41

43 J

68

42

57

52

11 D

066

044

047

07

55

39 1

191

NA

0461

NA

31

U

NA

033 I

NA

082

58

NA

34

J y -Well

Sampled

SET4D

SET5U

SET6D

SET7U

SET8D

Sampling Event

(Cleanup Goal)

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

1 so-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

y y j COCs and Detected Concentrations (pgL)

Alpha-BHC

(005 pgL)

17

17

28

41 D

62

37

3

37

21 D

bull 17

13

26

34

97 D

46

44

28

63

12

14

11

11

14

47

36

32

39

47

Beta-BHC

(OI pgL)

33

21

3

061 J

15

094

0461

- 068

36

41

47

4

61

12

12

095

078 1

075

13

16 1

13

15

15

087

073

064

08 1

076

Gamma-BHC

(02 pgL)

44

341

57

074 J

087

12

046 1

- - 052

39

37 1

31

51

48

11

082 1

05

04 1

043

32

27

28

23

28

1

14

11

1 I

095

Total Xylenes

(10000 pgL)

86

NA

7

171

NA

11 1

NA

036

64

NA

3

NA

39

25

NA

76

NA

56

21

NA

35

NA

15

U

NA

33

NA

17

laquocv Plot Wells

SWTIU

SWT2D

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

1 so-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

19 IJ

099

14

13

22

048 J

U

U

0031

063 J

053

052

06

075

023 J

U

U

014

U

032

038

03

059

U

U

U

000941

U

NA

U

NA

U

0441

NA

07 1

NA

35

Well Sampled

SWT3U

SWT4D

SWT5U

SWT6D

SWT7U

SWT8D

-bull i

Sampling Event

(Cleanup Goal)

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

COCs and Detected Concentrations (pgL)

Alpha-BHC

(005 pgL)

U

075 J

18

13

14

22

073

018 --

U

U

U

51

U

16

41

18

037 J

073

056

057

061

039

029

045

059

073

028

02

015

016

011

Beta-BHC

(01 pgL)

U

021

079

035

033

047

036

- 0094

U

U

U

26

23

093

022 1

036

029 1

033

022

U

026

03

039

047

057

051

U

013

011

U

0056

Gamtiia-BHC

(02 pgL)

U

u 029

0084

019

022

U

012

011

012

U

24

24

08

052

U

U

0031 I

U

U

U

U

U

u u u u

00171

002 I J

U

U

Total Xylenes

(10000 pgL)

U n

NA

U

NA

069

U

NA

U

NA

U

72

NA

73

NA

60

36

NA

U

NA

U

U

NA

U

NA

U

92

NA

U

NA

U

D value reported from second diluiion 1 eslimaled valuebelow reporting limil J eslimaled value NA nol analyzed U undetected fitilic- COC was detected bul concentration was below cleanup goal

36

Table 6 Xylene Area Pilot Test COC Detections in Ground Water to Date

yy-

J j Well Sampled

XIU

X2D

X3U

X4D

X5U

X6D

X7U

Sampling Event

(Cleanup Goal)

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

_Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

COCs and Detected Concentrations (pgL)

Alpha-BHC

(005 pgL)

8 D

NA

NA

56

NA

71

NA

NA

58 J

NA

15D

NA

NA

15

NA

12D

NA

NA

23

NA

78 D

NA

NA

44 J

NA

52 D

NA

NA

28 J

NA

61 D

NA

NA

46

NA

Beta-BHC

(01 pgL)

19 D

NA

NA

13 J

NA

17

NA

NA

17J

NA

3 J

NA

NA

36

NA

13J

NA

NA

13 1

NA

093 ID

NA

NA

08 J

NA

091 ID

NA

NA

07 J

NA

12D

NA

NA

089

NA

Gamma-BHC

(02 pgL)

U

NA

NA

U

NA

071 I

NA

NA

14 J

NA

046 J

NA

NA

bull056

NA

42 J

NA

NA

82

NA

U

NA

NA

O I J

NA

38 D

NA

NA

2 J

NA

U

NA

NA

U

NA

Total Xylene

(10000 pgL)

200

13

11

23

29

180

56

54

150

42

23000

11000

13000

1400

4500

19000

12000

19000

22000

15000

18000

21000

20000

3200

13000

3000

1100

6000

40000

3000

24000

31000

37000

81000

34000

37

Well Sampled

X8D

X9U

bull XIOD

X l l U

X12D

Sampling Event

(Cleanup Goal)

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

COCs and Detected Concentrations (pgL)

Alpha-BHC

(005 pgL)

57

NA

NA

21 J

NA

39

NA

NA

53

NA

43

NA

NA

59

NA

81

NA

NA

49

NA

39

NA

NA

56

NA

Beta-BHC

(01 pgL)

14

NA

NA

018 U

NA

021 I

NA

NA

026 J

NA

049

NA

NA

061 I

NA

097

NA

NA

075 1

NA

064 1

NA

NA

093 ID

NA

Gamma-BHC

(02 pgL)

12

NA

NA

057 U

NA

025 1

NA

NA

017 J

NA

45

NA

NA

7

NA

U

NA

NA

U

NA

16

NA

NA

34

NA

Total Xylene

(10000 pgL)

960

7100

27000

19000

5700

22000

14000

35000

2700

950

770

260

780

760

540

14000

3800

1600

600

11000

4900

250

I I00

5800

9300 D value reponed from second dilution 1 eslimaled value below reponing limit J estimated value NA nol analyzed U not applicable Ilalics COC was delecled bul concenlralion was below cleanup goal

38

65 Site Inspection

On July 8 2010 the site inspection was perfomied by the following participants Galo Jackson of EPA Region 4 Edward Brister ofthe Helena Chemical Coinpany and Christy Fielden and Sabrina Foster of E~ Inc The completed Site inspection checklist is available in Appendix D Photographs were taken of site features including monitoring wells and access controls (Appendix E)

The Site has been in continuous operation since 1929 as an agricultural chemical manufacturing and distributing facility The bulk of chemical fonnulation activifies have been moved off-site to a different Helena Cheinical Coinpany facility in Georgia however some formulation and packaging of insecticidal spray oil and liquid fertilizers still occur at the Site The Site also serves as Helena Chemical Companys main-distribution warehouse for sales locations in the State of Florida

The Site inspection was led by Mr Ed Brister the Engineering Safety Health and Environment Director for the Helena Chemical Company who provided a tour ofthe full Helena Chemical Coinpany property indicating where remedial actions had been implemented and explaining the locations and associated activifies of current pilot testing for the ground water treatability study Several monitoring and injection wells were located during the Site inspection all active site wells were properly secured or had been appropriately abandoned Injection and monitoring wells for the adjacent Alaric Site were noted on the Helena Woods area ofthe Site but were not inspected since they are related to a different site The Site is well maintained and has a secure perimeter fence and clear signage in place Unauthorized persons are restricted from accessing the property outside of regular business hours

Evaluation and implementafion of institutional controls were discussed during the Site inspection Several interim institutional controls have been implemented for the Site and final institutional controls including land use restrictions will be evaluated and implemented if necessary once the current pilot-scale ground water remedy treatability study has concluded and a revised ground water remedy has been selected Zoning designations and the Helena Chemical Companys intention to continue operations at the Site for the foreseeable future liniit the potential for inappropriate land uses or on-site operations incompatible with remedy components in place EPA has also implemented ground water institutional controls through a Memorandum of Agreement with SWFWMD

On July 7 2010 E Inc staff conducted research regarding Site deed infonnation at the Hillsborough County Deed Records Office The approximately eight-acre Site is situated on four parcels of land 1) 65-acre Parcel A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000220 2) 088-acre Parcel A-14-29-I9-4CA-000000-000320 3) 092-acre Parcel A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000330 and 4) 017-acre Parcel A-14-29-19-4CE-000003-000010 (Figure 4) Deed records for the four parcels could not be located in the online database or microfilm collection at the deeds office Galo Jackson EPA RPM for the Site was infonned that the deeds could not be located and conducted a title search for the property through EPA

39

databases but was also unable to locate deed records According to the Hillsborough County Property Appraisers Office all four parcels are presently owned by Helena Chemical Company The active cheinical distribufion warehouse is located on Parcel A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000220

On July 8 2010 E Inc staff visited the designated local Site repository at the University of South Florida Library located at 4202 East Fowler Avenue Tampa Florida 33620 as part ofthe site inspection The site repository contained fourteen volumes of administrative documents and other infonnation pertaining to the Site This infomiation included documentation ofthe initial remedial investigation and feasibility study as well as a copy ofthe 1996 ROD The 2005 ESD and 2006 FYR could not be located at the time ofthe Site inspection but were provided to the library by RPM Galo Jackson on January 212011

The 1996 ROD called for institutional controls to be put in place as part of both the soil and sediment remedy and the ground water remedy (Table 7) According to the ROD soil and sediment institutional controls were to include deed restrictions Fencing was to provide an engineering control The Site is presently surrounded by a secured perimeter fence and access gates are locked outside of nonnal business hours The operating facility parcel is currently zoned as light industrial and the Helena Woods parcels are zoned as vacant land and a mobile home park The local Planning Commission anficipates rezoning all four parcels for heavy industrial use The fiature anficipated land use is consistent with the industrial exposure criteria used in the selection of Site cleanup goals The ROD also called for deed restrictions to restrict the use of site-impacted ground water on and off the Site in order to limit exposure to contaminated ground water until cleanup goals are achieved EPA and FDEP are in discussions regarding the restrictive covenant in order to prevent fijture exposure to Site soil A 2008 Memorandum of Agreement between EPA Region 4 and SWFWMD addresses the need to restrict the use of site-related ground water The agreement establishes regular communication between the two agencies and affinns SWFWMDs regulatory authority to implement and enforce ground water use restrictions at the Site This authority addresses well constmction pemiits restrictions on use of wells for potable water supply and requirements that well owners be notified of ground water contaniination that may impact their wells At the request ofthe FDEP once the treatability study is completed and a revised ground water remedy for the Site has been selected the need for additional ground water institutional controls will be reevaluated and the existing institutional controls will be modified or new institufional controls will be implemented as appropriate

40

Figure 4 Site Parcel Map

c

ir Pirtplm ( ^ r | [ i Vjrtrl ID ^r-iti-v-lt 14UtKu^iraquoiii 0

A u raquo114CA O cac i ao aociit o

1 U raquo 19 4CilltXXgt0la 000130

1laquo2raquo lraquo-CIltCT0lf7 0iraquo(l l

M laquo n lt ) laquo l lt raquo i i o D r poDin o bull i 4 m laquo - laquo i F o o a n i j - a x u ^ i

A 1lt 2 19 ICAdWOOO tUGStO

laquo bull raquo 2raquo 1laquo bullCtOOOOOI-OXWlO

laquollaquo-raquo-19-fCAltraquo)0CWgt-00Mlaquo C

A14-V41V( I 40uai IKAll lO

AM 29 1V4CE aJDOM aODIIlJ)

laquo Ll 29 raquo 2ZZ D a m B 7K1D9

laquobull I t-J ]9-4claquoltnnraquoiKnraquo o

A-i4-raquo-]laquoltif (KU)ittMraquoaii] u A 14 J 9 14 laquoCA IXHIraquoDC(Xrli t

A 14 29 1raquo 4CA OOOOOOOMUO

raquo 1 4 29-19-4CE OOOOOI-OWWO A- l J9- )bullbulllaquo s wnmn-flooiM t A 14-29- UI4ig4IOOM94UOraquolgt

A 14 2laquo 19 4C9 OODOOl 400070

M-raquo-H 4C8laquo)000(K)OOaj I

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14 2 raquo 19-4Cpound 000001000012

A U 29- U 4 a OOOOOKXWOl-O

raquo 14 29 19 -4a oaoooraquolaquo)oolaquoo

14 j m ^ c o o n w i ^ n o i o n

A-14-2ltl-tW l-UCtitKMfiOagtlil Atlt29 iraquo4(xiioaaoii-iioagtio

A 14 29 1raquo4CA DOaOOO-OOQlSJ

A-tlaquo ZHIUCA-IKOOIXMKICOZ 0

AH-Jlaquoltllaquoiiraquo-TOKIC8-0lltIlU 0

A-]429iezzz-i)iiaxB-7Moao

A 14 29 194CAlaquoXI00Ca0ata0

A 1429^ i9-4CA-iicaaixi-ooa2a 2

A14 29-19 4CHIOOlaquogt7KIlaquoIraquo 0

A-14 JV tlaquo-laquoii -uxiot-nnDi i

A14 2laquo ilaquo-4CAiiooacii]-aaoigo A 14 23 LO 4CMI00Oraquo OOOOlO

A 14 29-isacE-oooora-aotrao

A-t4-ii-lraquo-laquo A-ooooawwoK o

A lA-2V^lraquot(A-Igt]ltKcll-IIIiaiI I

A 14-29 19-raquoCf oocoos acooi-o

A 14 29 19 ACI OOmOl-OCOOll

A-W-29-19-4CI-aXK)07-OOOOTjO

Arl4-Jraquo llti-4n-O30O3V00COI c

A l4 2raquo l9 4Ulaquoraquo006-OOOa24l

A 14 29 19 4 a 000004 OOOOSjO

A 14 29-19-4CC-D0O00aOO0a3lCI

A t raquo 29-19-laquotA4laquoIO0OT-00CO9O

bull i4-2raquo^iltM( A-oniucu IXUltl 0

A 14 2raquo 19gt4CA4gt0O(ICa OOOISXI

A 14 raquo 1raquo4CA DOOOOO 00014 1

Legend

I Site Parcels

I ^ _ J site Boundary

AjiprowmatBBoundary o tSurfc ia l Aquiter Ground Whter Pfume |

Approximate Boundary of in tennedia te Aquieet Sys t em Ground w a t e r R u m e

A i Parcels

Helena Chemical Company Superfund Site Tampa Hillsborough County Florida

Disc la imer Th i s m a p and any b o u n d a r y l ines w i th in the m a p a re a p p r o x i m a t e a n d subject to c h a n g e T h e m a p is not a survey T h e m a p is for

informat ional pu rposes only r ega rd ing E P A s r e s p o n s e ac t ions at t h e Si te and is not in tended for any o the r purpose

41

Table 7 Institutional Control (IC) Summary Table

Media

Ground Water

Soil and Sediment

ICs Needed

Yes

Yes

ICs Called for in the Decision Documents

Yes

Yes

IC Objective

Restrict use of contaminated ground water to limit exposure until cleanup goals are achieved

Restrict land uses to industrial or similar

The 1996 ROD also listed fencing as an institutional control for soil and sed not been included above because it is considered an engineering control

Instrument in Place

The 1996 ROD called for deed notices as the institutional control instrument These have not been implemented However a 2008 Memorandum of Agreement between EPA and SWFWMD confirms SWFWMDs regulatory authority to restrict well constmction restrict well use as a potable water source and requiring that well owners benotified of ground water contamination that may impact their wells This authority applies to on-site parcels as well as off-site parcels covering the entire area affected by site-related ground water contamination

The land use restrictions called for in the 1996 ROD have not been implemented however Helena Chemical Company has maintained operations at the Site tliroughout remedial activities and intends to continue Site operations for the foreseeable future A restrictive covenant will be placed on the Site to ensure the Site is only used for industrial purposes The operating facility parcel is presently zoned for light industrial use and all four parcels will soon be rezoned for heavy industrial use which is consistent with the industrial exposure criteria used in selecting cleanup goals for the Site A secure perimeter fence restricts access to the Site limiting the potential for inadvertent soil exposure

ment source control however this has

42

66 Interviews

During the FYR process interviews were conducted with parties impacted by the Site including the current landowners and regulatory agencies involved in Site activities or aware ofthe Site The purpose ofthe interviews was to document the perceived status of the Site and any perceived problems or successes with the phases ofthe remedy that have been implemented to date Intei^views with Mr Jackson and Mr Brister were conducted during the site inspection on July 8 2010 Interviews with Ms Milicic and Ms Yeargan were conducted via e-mail on August 23 2010 and September 27 2010 respectively Several nearby businesses were also contacted but declined or did not have interest in being interviewed about the Site Interviews are summarized below and complete interviews are included in Appendix C

Galo Jackson Mr Jackson is the EPA RPM for the Site Mr Jackson indicates that a pilot-scale treatability study for site ground water is presently underway Results are being routinely shared with EPA and FDEP while there have been many challenges and it is still too early to detennine whether the treatments being explored can effecfively address ground water contamination he is hopeful that the treatments will be successful He has not received any complaints or inquiries from the community in the past five years and is not aware of any effects the Site may have had on the surrounding community He is pleased with the regular updates and infonnation he receives from the remedial contractor EnSafe Inc

Edward Brister Mr Brister is the Engineering Safety Health and Environinent Director for the Helena Chemical Conipany Mr Brister indicates that he is pleased with progress at the Site and believes that the remedial activities taken to date are perfomiing successfully He feels well infonned about activities and progress at the Site He does not know of any effects that the Site has had on the surrounding cominunity beyond the potential for Superfiind stigma which is common at many similar sites Mr Brister indicates that there is one residence in the area ofthe Site and that the owners a couple had expressed concems to him in the past He notes that the couple was temporarily relocated during removal activities in 2000 and again during sulfijr area removal actions in 2004 and 2005 Other than his discussions with the couple who were temporarily relocated he has not heard any complaints or concems from the cominunity regarding the Site

Karen Milicic Ms Milicic is the FDEP project manager for the Site Ms Milicic thinks that activities at the Site are making progress in addressing site COCs She is aware ofthe treatability study work that is presently underway and feels very well infonned regarding progress at the Site She believes that it is sfill too early to comment on the effectiveness ofthe current treatments being explored for ground water at the Site as the treatability study has not yet concluded She is not aware of any complaints or inquiries regarding the Site over the last five years

Mary Yeargan Ms Yeargan is the Environmental Protection Commission of Hillsborough County project manager for the Site Ms Yeargan has been involved at the

43

Site for many years and participated in the previous 2006 FYR site inspection She indicates that the Site is situated in an area that is impacted by multiple Superfijnd sites as well as other facilities that contribute to blight in the area She acknowledges that the Site may contribute to some more general community concems about the presence of Superfijnd sites in the area but she does not think that the Site specifically has been the source of concem within the larger area Since the 2006 FYR Ms Yeargan has received one complaint about potential ground water contaniination that a community member thought may have resulted from one ofthe area Superfund sites The well was tested by the Department of Public Health contamination was not detected in the sampling and the well was found to be safe for continued use She is not aware of any changes in laws or land use in the area that would impact the Site Given the shortage of lands available for heavy industrial uses she thinks it would be unlikely for the zoning ofthe parcels that compose the Site-to be changed to anything other than heavy industrial-She feels welf infomied about site activities and remains in regular communication as needed with EPA RPM Galo Jackson

44

70 Technical Assessment

71 Question A Is the remedy functioning as intended by the decision documents

The review of documents ARARs risk assumptions and the Site inspection indicate that the Sites soil remedy is functioning as intended by Site decision documents for soil and sediment Pesticide-contaminated surface soil and sediment at the Site and the adjacent CSX railway line east drainage ditch were excavated and shipped offsite for biological treatment and disposal Contaminated soil and residual sulfur were also excavated and shipped offsite for disposal Since there is commingling ofthe Sites ground water plumes with those ofthe adjacent Alaric Site the pump-and-treat ground water remedy selected in the 1996 ROD may not cunently be appropriate to implement at the Site until

- the Alaric Sites plumes have been remediated Helena Chemical Conipany proposed a pilot-scale treatability study to evaluate the feasibility of biological and physical ground water contaminant degradation The Work Plan for this treatability study was approved by EPA in August 2009 The study is currently underway and was scheduled to conclude by the fourth quarter of 2010 with a contingency period of another 12 months if necessary A final report documenting the effectiveness ofthe first fijll year ofthe treatability study was not available at the time this FYR report was drafted therefore a decision regarding whether to implement the additional 12 month contingency period had also not been made The final results ofthe treatability study will be used to infonn the selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site In the event that the treatability study is not successful EPA may consider additional avenues to approach remediation including additional excavation

The 1996 ROD selected the implementation of institutional controls in the form of deed restrictions for soil sediment and ground water to limit exposure to site-related contamination Fencing was also required by the 1996 ROD Land use restrictions have not been implemented for the Site however some interim institutional controls to protect against exposure to ground water contamination have been implemented Helena Chemical Company intends to confinue Site operations for the foreseeable future and has no intention to sell lease or transfer any portion ofthe Site Cunent and future zoning designations are consistent with the industrial land use criteria used in selection of Site COC cleanup goals In 2008 EPA entered into a Memorandum of Agreement with the SWFWMD The document confirms SWFWMDs regulatory authority to place restrictions on well placement and constmction Through shared infomiation between the two agencies SWFWMD can make infomied pennitting and enforcement decisions to prevent exposure to ground water contamination that could pose a risk to hunian health No impacted ground water wells are used for potable water buildings at the Site and in the surrounding area are connected to municipal water supply lines The need for additional institufional controls will be evaluated upon selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site

The Site is well-maintained and is surrounded by a secured perimeter fence with signs restricting access Access is limited to authorized persons during regular business hours

45

All site-related wells are secured or if no longer operational have been properly abandoned

72 Question B Are the exposure assumptions toxicity data cleanup levels and remedial action objectives (RAOs) used at the time of remedy selection still valid

The ARARs for four ofthe nine ground water COCs aldrin alpha-BHC beta-BHC and dieldrin have become more stringent since the signing ofthe 1996 ROD During the current ground water treatability study both alpha-BHC and beta-BHC have been detected at levels greater than the RODs less stringent cleanup goals for these COCs Remedial activities at the Site have allowed the continued industrial use ofthe property and have reduced ecological risk at the Site The selection of a revised ground water remedy is required before achieving the remaining two RAOs 1) protection of ground water from continued degradation by Site contaminants and 2) reduction of risk to human health within EPAs acceptable risk range Residual soil contamination remains present below the water table and the ground water plume continues to exceed cleanup goals The industrial land use at the Site and in the surrounding area is unchanged since the ROD was signed therefore the exposure assumpfions are still valid Benzene and ethylbenzene are being detected in the groundwater at concentrations above the primary drinking-water standards

73 Question C Has any other information come to light that could call into question the protectiveness ofthe remedy

No other infomiation has come to light that could call into question the protectiveness of the remedy

74 Technical Assessment Summary

The review of documents ARARs risk assumptions and the Site inspection indicate that the Sites soil remedy is functioning as intended by Site decision documents for soil and sediment Pesticide-contaminated surface soil and sediment at the Site and the adjacent CSX railway line east drainage ditch were excavated and shipped offsite for biological treatment and disposal Contaminated soil and residual sulfur were also excavated and shipped off-site for disposal Since there is commingling ofthe Sites ground water plumes with those ofthe adjacent Alaric Site the pump-and-treat ground water remedy selected in the 1996 ROD may not currently be appropriate to implement at the Site until the Alaric Sites plumes have been remediated Helena Chemical Company proposed a pilot-scale treatability study to evaluate the feasibility of biological and physical ground water contaminant degradafion The work plan for this treatability study was approved by EPA in August 2009 The study is currenfiy underway and was scheduled to conclude by the fourth quarter of 2010 vvith a contingency period of another 12 months if necessary A final report documenting the effectiveness ofthe first full year ofthe treatability study was not available at the time this FYR report was drafted therefore a decision regarding whether to implement the additional 12 month contingency period had also not been made The final results ofthe treatability study will be used to infonn the selection of a

46

revised ground water remedy for the Site In the event that the treatability study is not successful EPA may consider addifional avenues to approach remediation including additional excavation

The ARARs for four ofthe nine ground water COCs aldrin alpha-BHC beta-BHC and dieldrin have become more stringent since the signing ofthe 1996 ROD During the current ground water treatability study both alpha-BHC and beta-BHC have been detected at levels greater than the cuirent less-stringent cleanup goal for these COCs Remedial activities at the Site have allowed the continued industrial use ofthe property and have reduced ecological risk at the Site The selection of a revised ground water remedy is required before achieving the remaining two RAOs 1) protection of ground water from confinued degradation by Site contaminants and 2) reduction of risk to

-human health within EPAs acceptable risk range Residual soil contaniination remains present below the water table and the ground water plume continues to exceed cleanup goals The industrial land use at the Site and in the surrounding area has not changed since the ROD was signed therefore the exposure assumptions are still valid

The 1996 ROD selected the implementation of institutional controls in the fomi of deed restrictions for soil sediment and ground water to liinit exposure to site-related contamination Fencing was also required by the 1996 ROD Land use restrictions have not been implemented for the Site however some interim institufional controls to protect against exposure to ground water contamination have been implemented Helena Chemical Company intends to continue Site operations for the foreseeable future and has no intention to sell lease or transfer any portion ofthe Site Current and future zoning designations are consistent with the industrial land use criteria used in selection of site COC cleanup goals In 2008 EPA entered into a Memorandum of Agreement with the SWFWMD The document confinns SWFWMDs regulatory authority to place restrictions on well placement and constmction Through shared infonnation between the two agencies SWFWMD can make infonned pemiitting and enforcement decisions to prevent exposure to ground water contamination that could pose a risk to hunian health No impacted ground water wells are used for potable water buildings at the Site and in the surrounding area are connected to municipal water supply lines The need for additional institutional controls will be evaluated upon selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site

The Site is well-maintained and is surrounded by a secured perimeter fence with signs restricting access Access is limited to authorized persons during regular business hours All site-related wells have been secured or if no longer operational have been properly abandoned

47

80 Issues

Table 8 summarizes the current site issues

Table 8 Current Site Issues

Issue

A revised ground water remedy for the Site has not been selected or implemented and sampling events continue to detect COC concentrations in ground water that are greater than cleanup goals Land use restrictions for the Site have not yet been implemented

Affects Current Protectiveness

(Yes or No)

No

No

Affects Future Protectiveness

(Yes or No)

Yes

Yes

48

90 Recommendations and Follow-up Actions

Table 9 provides recommendations to address the current site issues

Table 9 Recommendations to Address Current Site Issues

Issue

A revised groundshywater remedy for the Site has not been selected or mdash implemented and sampling events continue to detect COC concentrations in ground water that are greater than cleanup goals

Land use restrictions for the Site have not yet been implemented

Recommendations Follow-Up Actions

- At the conclusion ofthe current pilot study evaluate results and if appropriate docunient the selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site

A restrictive covenant will be concluded designed to ensure the Site remains industrial

Party Responsible

PRP

PRP

Oversight Agency

EPA

EPA

Milestone Date

01312012

01312012

Affects Protectiveness

(Yes or No) Current

No

No

Future

Yes

Yes

49

100 Protectiveness Statements

The Sites remedy currently protects huinan health and the environment in the short-tenn because it is functioning as intended by the Sites decision documents for soil and sediment Source materials have been excavated and removed for off-site treatment and disposal The selected ground water remedy has not yet been implemented due to concems with promoting migration ofthe ground water plume from the neighboring Alaric Site A pilot-scale bioremediafion treatability study is underway and will hopefully aid in the selecfion of a revised ground water remedy for the Site The affected surficial aquifer in the vicinity ofthe Site is not used for potable water supply and area residents and businesses are connected to municipal water supply In order for the remedy to be protective in the long-tenn issues conceming implementation of a revised ground water remedy and institutional controls should be addressed

50

110 Next Review

This Site is a statutory Site that requires ongoing FYRs as long as waste is left on site that does not allow for unrestricted use and unlimited exposure The next FYR will be due within five years ofthe signatureapproval date ofthis FYR

51

Appendix A List of Documents Reviewed

CERCLA Infonnafion System Site Infomiation accessed from website httpcfpubepa^ovsupercpadcursitescsitinfocfinid=0400674 Accessed May 12 2010

EPA Record of Decision Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) EPA ID FLD053502696 Prepared by US EPA Region 4 May 7 1996

Explanation of Significant Differences Helena Chemical Superfund Site Tampa Hillsborough County FL Prepared by US EPA Region 4 January 27 2005

First Five-Year Review Report for Helena Chemical Company Tampa Hillsborough County Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for US EPA Region 4 January 31 2006 mdash

First Quarter 2010 Pilot Test Implementation Report Helena Chemical Company Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Chemical Conipany July 7 2010

Fourth Quarter 2009 Pilot Test Implementation Report Helena Chemical Company Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Chemical Coinpany March 12 2010

Memorandum of Agreement between the US Environmental Protection Agency Region 4 Superfund Division and the Southwest Florida Water Management District September 11 2008

Pilot Test and Interini Monitoring Work Plan for the Helena Chemical Conipany Superfund Site Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Chemical Company June 30 2009

Pilot Test Implementation Report Helena Cheinical Company Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Chemical Company December 22 2009

Second Quarter 2010 Pilot Test Implementation Report Helena Chemical Conipany Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Chemical Company September 23 2010

Third Quarter 2009 Pilot Test Implementation Report Helena Chemical Company Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Cheinical Coinpany December 22 2009

A-l

Appendix B Press Notice

y PRoA^

U S Environmental Protection Agency Region 4 Announces a Five-Year Review for

the Helena Chemical Company Superfund Site Tampa Hillsborough Countj Florida

PurposeObjective The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is conducting a Five-Year Review ofthe remedy for the Helena Chemical Company Superfuiid site (Site) in Tampa Florida The purpose ofthe Five-Year Review is to ensure that the selected cleanup actions effectively protect human health and the environment

Site~Background The Site covers approximately eight acres and is located in the Orient Park industrial area in Tampa Floiida The ~ facility was built in 1929 as a chemical plant for the production of sulfur The initial owners manufactured wettable and dusting sulfur and formulated pesticides herbicides fungicides and fertilizers at the facility Helena Chemical Company purchased the property in 1967 and continued these manufacturing operations until 1981 The company moved its pesticide herbicide and fiingicide formulation operations to Georgia in 1981 but has continued to fonnulate insecticidal petroleum oil and liquid fertilizers at the facility Former manufacturing operations by Helena Chemical Company and its predecessors resulted in soil and ground water contamination EPA placed the Site on the National Priorities List (NPL) in October 1992

Cleanup Actions In 1996 EPA signed the Record of Decision (ROD) for the Site which selected a remedy to clean up contaminants by excavating and treating contaminated soils disposing of sulfur-contaminated soils offsite neutralizing soil pH and containing ground water contamination to prevent off-site migration Between 2000 and 2005 more than 10000 tons of contaminated soils were excavated for treatment and soils with sulfur contamination were disposed of off site After the soil removals lime was incorporated into remaining on-site soils to neutralize the sulfuric acid present four feet below the land surface However the addition of lime appears to have had minimal effect on areas with low pH Design ofthe ground water treatment system was delayed due to the need to distinguish between source contamination at the Site and source contaniination emanating from another Superfijnd site the Alaric Area Ground Water Plume site which is located adjacent to the Site Ground water sampling conducted in 2007 concluded that pesticide concentrations at the Site continue to exceed cleanup goals established in the ROD and require remedial action Several pilot-scale treatability studies commenced in 2009 and are presently underway

Five-Vear Review Schedule The National Contingency Plan requires that remedial actions that result in any hazardous substances pollutants or contaminants remaining at the Superfimd Sites above levels that allow for unlimited use and unrestricted exposure be reviewed every five years to ensure the protection of human health and the environment The second ofthe Five-Year Reviews for this Site will be completed in January 2011

EPA invites community participation in the Five-Year Review process EPA is conducting this Five-Year Review to evaluate the effectiveness ofthe Sites remedy and to ensure that the remedy remains protective of human health and the environment As part ofthe Five-Year Review process EPA staff are available to answer any questions about the Site Community members who have questions about the Site or the Five-Year Review process or vvho would like to participate in a community interview are asked to contact

Galo Jackson Remedial Project Manager LTonya Spencer Community Involvement Coordinator Phone 404-562-8937 Phone 404-562-8463 1 -800-435-9234 (toll free) E-mail jacksongaloMjepauov E-mail spencerlatonva(5)epagov

Mailing Address EPA Region 4 Sam Nunn Atlanta Federal Center 61 Forsyth St SW Mail Code 9T25 Atlanta GA 30303-8960

Site information is also available at the Sites local document repository at University of South Florida Library 4202 East Fowler Avenue Tampa Florida 33620 and online at httpwvwepcigovi-egion4wasteitplitplflshelenafl-hlin

B-

Appendix C Interview Forms

Interview Form 2011 Five-Year Review - Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) Site Tampa FL

Site Name Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) EPA ID No FLD053502696 Interviewer Name Sabrina Foster Affiliation E Inc Subjects Name Galo Jackson Affiliation EPA Region 4 Subjects Contact Information iacksongalo(fl)epagov Time 915 am Date July 8 2010 Type of Interview (Circle one) In Person Phone Mail Other Location of Interview Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) site

IVIiat is your overall impression ofthe project In tenns ofthe pilot-scale treatability study for water the project is on schedule We are getting results back having them reviewed but it is still too early to tell what the final result will be The treatability study has been challenging but I am hopeful that it will work

2 What effect has this site had on the surrounding community ifany^7 None that 1 am aware of

3 How well do you believe the remedy currently in place is performing7 Do you believe the monitoring data show the remedys effectiveness^ As 1 said before we are still working on the treatability study so it is really too early to tell The study is still in early stages

4 Are you aware of any complaints or inquiries regarding environmental issues or the remedial action from residents since implementation ofthe cleanup 1 have not received any in the last five years

5 Are you aware of any changes in projected land use at or near the site No as far as I know it is all still zoned for heavy industrial use

6 Do you feel well informed about the site y activities and progress Yes EnSafe are the remedial contractors and they do a good job keeping me well-in fonn ed

7 Do you have any commenis suggeslions or recommendations regarding the sile s management or operation Not really The treatability study is underway and 1 am hopeful that it will work

C-1

Site Name Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) EPA ID No FLD053502696 Interviewer Name Sabrina Foster Affiliation E Inc Subjects Name Ed Brister Affiliation Helena Chemical Company Subjects Contact Information bristere(laquo)helenachemicacom Time 900 am Date July 8 2010 Type of Interview (Circle one) In Person Phone Mail Other Location of Interview Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) site

1 What is your overall impression ofthe project My impression is that it is good and has been a successful project

2 What e f f y has this site had on the surrounding community ifany mdash We dont know of any effect on the surrounding community Certainly there hasnt been

an effect on human health At any site like this you are going to have stigma issues but we dont hear any concerns out ofthe community about it

3 How well do you believe the remedy currently in place is performing 1 think it is doing well

4 Are you aware of any complaints or inquiries regarding environmental issues or the remedial action from residents since implementation ofthe cleanup Yes During the implementation ofthe cleanup the soil excavations we did hear of concems Irom a neighbor [Resident 1] We addressed her concems by temporarily moving her and her husband from their home for a couple of months to a location south of here We temporarily moved the [residents] twice once during the big removal in 2000 and again during the excavation and removal ofthe sulfur area in 2004-2005

5 Are you aware of any changes in projected land use at or near the site No not for here or for the surrounding areas

6 Do you feel well informed about the site s activities and progress Yes

7 Do you have any commenis suggestions or recommendations regarding the site f management or operation No

C-2

SiteName Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) EPA ID No FLD053502696 Subjects Name Karen Milicic Affiliation FDEP Subjects Contact Information 850-245-8931 Time 913 am Date August 23 2010 Type of Interview (Circle one) In Person Phone Mail Other E-mail Location of Interview Tallahassee FL

What is your overall impression ofthe project Good appear to be making progress on addressing the contaminants of concem

2 How well do you believe the remedy currently in place is performing Still too early to tell basedon recent lab data

3 Are you comfortable with the institutional controls required for the Site and their current status of implementation Yes at this time

4 Are you aware of any complaints or inquiries regarding environmental issues or the remedial action from residents in the last five years No not aware of any complaints andor inquiries regarding the Site

5 Has your office conducted any Site-related activities or communications in the last five years If so please give purpose and results of these activities Yes to attend a site visit with EPA RPM Galo Jackson

6 Are you aware of any changes to state laws that might affect the protectiveness ofthe remedy Are you aware of any changes in projected land use at the Site Not at this fime

7 Do you feel well informed about the Site 5 activities and progress Feel very well infomied regarding the progress ofthe Site

8 Do you have any comments suggestions or recommendations regarding the Site s management or operation None at this time

C-3

Site Name Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) EPA ID No FLD053502696 Interviewer Name Sabrina Foster Affiliation E^ Inc Subjects Name Mary Yeargan Affiliation Environmental Protection

Commission of Hillsborough County Subjects Contact Information yearganm(fl)epchcorg Time 330 pm Date September 27 2010 Type of Interview (Circle one) In Person Phone Mail Other

What is your overall impression ofthe project My overall impression is that it is continuing along as it has been

2 What are your views about current site condition problems or related concerns mdash 1 was onthe site visit for the last FYR so I am familiar with the-Site and the Five-Year

Review process I think that things are continuing to move forward at the Site with the treatments underway

3 What effect has this site had on the surrounding community This is a blighted community and certainly the presence of a Superfund site contributes to the perception of blight But Helena is not the only Superfund site in the area there is also Stauffer Chemical Florida Steel Alaric as well as the jail and all the bail bonds places So there is blight in the community but it is npt a direct result of Helena

4 Has the local government received any citizen complaints or inquiries regarding environmental issues or activities at this site I havent received any specific complaints nothing about Helena in particular The calls I get largely concem other specific Superfund sites in the area or just the presence of Superfijnd sites in general I did receive a call in 2008 firom a resident who was concemed about well water and whether the presence of Superfijnd sites in the area meant that the water was contaminated Again they didnt specifically mention Helena just Superfund sites in general We called the Department of Public Health to come out and sampled the well and there was no contamination present

5 Have there been routine communications or activities (site visits inspections reporting activities etc) conducted by your office regarding the site If yes please give purpose and results No

6 Are you aware of any changes to local laws that might affect the protectiveness ofthe remedy Are you aware of any changes in projected land use at the Site No Im not aware of any changes to local laws that would impact the Site Helena continues to operate so that land use hasnt changed and I dont imagine that the land use zoning would be changed to anything other than heavy industrial There is a limited amount of space available for heavy industrial so they are going to keep any land already zoned for that purpose

C-4

7 Do you feel well informed about the Sites activities and progress If not what methods would you recommend EPA use to disseminate more information Sure

8 Do you have any comments suggestions or recommendations regarding the project None I have worked with Galo for some time and let him know right away if there are any complaints

C-5

Appendix D Site Inspection Checklist

FIVE-YEAR REVIEW SITE INSPECTION CHECKLIST

I SITE INFORMATION

Site name Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) Date of inspection July 8 2010

Location and Region Tampa FL Region 4 EPA ID FLD053502696

Agency office or company leading the five-year review EPA Region 4 Weathertemperature Clear skies sunny 85F

Remedy Includes (Check all that apply) I I Landfill covercontainment [XI Access controls IXI Institutional controls Xl Groundwater pump and treatment I I Surface water collection and treatment Xl Other Soil excavation and off-site disposal

I I Monitored natural attenuation XI Groundwater containment [~| Vertical banier walls

ttachments XT] Inspection team roster attached I I Site map attached

II INTERVIEWS (Check all that apply)

1 OampM site manager Name Title

Interiewed 77 at site [d at office Q by phone Phone no Problems suggestions XU Report attached

mmddvgtvv Date

OampM staff Name Title

Interviewed O at site J at office XU by phone Phone no Problems suggestions [d Report attached

mmddyyvv Date

D-

3 Local regulatory authorities and response agencies (ie State and Tribal offices emergency response office police department office of public health or environmental health zoning office recorder of deeds or other city and county offices etc) Fill in all that apply

Agency FDEP Contact

Problems

Agencv Cont c t Problems

Agency Contact

Problems

Aeencv Contact

Problems

Agency Contact

Problems

Karen Milicic Name

suggestions bull Report attached

Name suggestions 1 1 Report attached

N me suggestions bull Report attached

Name suggestions bull Report attached

Name suggestions CD Report attached

Proiect Manager Title

see Appendix C

8232010 Date

Title

Title see Appendix C

Date

mdash

Date

Title see Appendix C

ate

Title see Appendix C

Date

850-245-8931 Phone No

Phone No

Phone No

Phone No

Ph iieNo

4 Other interviews (optional) bull Report attached

EPA Region 4 Galo Jackson Remedial Project Manager 782010 404-562-8937

Helena Chemical Company (PRP) Ed Brister Director of Engineering Safety Health 782010901-537-8600

and Environment

III ON-SITE DOCUMENTS amp RECORDS VERIFIED (Check all that apply)

1 O amp M Documents

n OampM manual D Readily available bull Up to date

1 1 As-built drawings O Readily available Q Up to date

n Maintenance logs Q Readily available []] Up to date

Remarks

^ N A

K | N A

E ] N A

2 Site-Specific Health and Safety Plan bull Readily available ^ Up to date D NA

n Contingency planemergency response plan bull Readily available ^ Up to date O NA

Remarks

3 O amp M and OSHA Training Records Q Readily available D Up to date lEI NA

Remarks

D-2

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

1

Permits and Service Agreements

r~l Air discharge pemiit

bull Effluent discharge

n Waste disposal POTW

1 1 Other pemiits

Remarks

Gas Generation Records

Remarks

Settlement Monument Records

Remarks

Groundwater Monitoring Records

r~1 Readily available

n Readily available

77 Readily available

[y Readily available

[72 Readily available

[y Readily available

Q Readily available

Remarks Ground water monitoring records are available for the feasibilitv and intemiittent monitoring records from

n Up to date

bull Up to date

n Up to date

n Up to date

n Up to date

n Up to date mdash bull -

IC] Up to date

[ 3 NA

^ N A

KNA

KNA

13 NA

S N A

KINA

study currently underway sampling to confirm the effectiveness of soil remedial

actions are also available Since a revised ground water remedy for the Site has not vet been or implemented long-temi monitoring o

Leachate Extraction Records

Remarks

Discharge Compliance Records

selected f ground water remedy effectiveness has not yet begun 1

n Readily available

bull Air n Readily available bull Up to date

bull Water (effluent) bull Readily available bull Up to date

Remarks

Daily AccessSecurity Logs

Remarks

IV

OampM Organization

1 1 State in-house

n PRP in-house

1 1 Federal Facility in-house

n

X3 Readily available

OampM COSTS

1 1 Contractor for State

n Contractor for PRP

bull Up to date KNA

KlNA

^ N A

bull Up to date

1 1 Contractor for Federal Facility

KINA

D-3

-gt

3

OampM Cost Records

1 1 Readily available

1 1 Funding mechanist

Original OampM cost es

From mniddvYw

Date

From mmddNyyy

Date

From mnidd-w-w

Date

From mmddyvY

Date

From mmddyvw

Date

Unanticipated or Unu

Describe costs and reas

n Up to date

nagreement in place CH Unavailable

imate | 1 Breakdown attached

Total annual cost by year for review period

To mmddyvw

Date Total cost

To mmddN-vw

ate Total cost

To mmddyvw

Date Total cost

To mmddvvNv

Date Total cost

To mmddyvw

Date Total cost

iually High OampM Costs During Review P

ons

if available

bull Breakdown aitached

1 1 Breakdown attached

- 1 1 Breakdown attached

1 1 Breakdown attached

CH Breakdown attached

eriod

V ACCESS AND INSTITUTIONAL CONTROLS ^ Applicable D NA

A

1

B

1

C

Fencing

Fencing damaged Q Location shown on site map ^ G

Remarks Fencing surrounds entire property gates are secured outsi

Other Access Restrictions

Signs and other security measures O Location s

Remarks Access signs are posted near entry gates

Institutional Controls (ICs]

ues secured CD NA

de of operation hours

10wn on site map CD NA

D-4

Implementation and enforcement

Site conditions imply ICs not properly implemented

Site conditions imply ICs not being fully enforced

Type of monitoring (eg self-reporting drive by)

Frequency

Responsible partyagency

Contact

Name Title

Reporting is up-to-date

Reports are verified by the lead agency

Specific requirements in deed or decision documents have been met

Violations have been reported

Other problems or suggestions CD Report attached

D Y e s

D Y e s

No D NA

No D N A

mrrvaoyy

Date D Yes

DYes

DYes

DYes

wv Phone no

D N O

D N O

D N O

D N O

DNA

Q N A

DNA

DNA

2 Adequacy ^ ICs are adequate O ICs are inadequate CD NA

Remarks The 1996 ROD calls for institutional controls in the fomi of site deed restrictions to limit exposure to ground water contamination until cleanup goals are achieved The ROD also calls for fencing to limit access and exposure to site soil contamination At the request ofthe FDEP land use restrictions for the Site have not yet been implemented however some interim institutional controls lo protect against exposure to ground water contamination have been implemented EPA signed a Memorandum of Agreement with the SWFWMD affimiing SWFWMDs regulatory authority to restrict well construction and well use for potable water at and in the area ofthe Site Secure perimeter fencing provides an engineering control to restrict access to the Site The risk for exposure is minimal because surface soil has been remediated the Helena Chemical Company has continued site operations and plans to continue industrial activities at the Site into the foreseeable ftiture and current and future land use zoning is consistent with the industrial cleanup criteria used in the selection of site cleanup goals

A treatability study is currently underway to help detennine the revised remedy for ground water Once this remedy has been selected and decision documents have been appropriately updated Helena Chemical Company EPA the slate and Hillsborough County will evaluate changes to existing institutional controls and addition of new institutional controls for the Site as well as impacted ground water area as appropriate

D General

Vandalismtrespassing

Remarks

I I Location shown on site map No vandalism evident

2 Land use changes on site

Remarks

NA

3 Land use changes off site

Remarks

^ N A

VI GENERAL SITE CONDITIONS

Roads Applicable D NA

D-5

1

B

Roads damaged

Remarks Paved aspha

Other Site Conditions

[y] Location shown on site map ^ Roads adequate Q NA

It roads are used for access to warehouses and the office building on site

Remarks

A

1

T

3

4

5

6

7

8

VII

Landfill Surface

LANDFILL COVERS D Applicable [^ NA

Settlement (Low spots)

Arial extent

Remarks

Cracks

Lengths

Remarks

Erosion

Arial extent

Remarks

Holes

Arial extent

Remarks

Vegetative Cover

1 1 No signs of stres

Remarks

Alternative Cover

Remarks

Bulges

Arial extent

Remarks

s

1 1 Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

Widths

CD Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on sit map

CH Grass

1 1 TreesSlirubs (indicate size and loi

amiored rock concrete etc)

Xy Location shown on site map

rn Settlement not evident

Depth

CD Cracking not evident

Depths

CD Erosion not evident

Depth

CD Holes not evident

Depth

1 1 Cover properly established

bullations on a diagram)

DNA

CD Bulges not evident

Height

Wet AreasWater Damage bull Wet areaswater damage not evident

bull Wet areas

CD Ponding

n Seeps

bull Soft subgrade

Remarks

CD Location shown on site map

1 1 Location shown on site map

1 1 Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

Arial extent

Arial extent

Arial extent

Arial extent

D-6

9

B

1

2

3

C

1

1

3

4

5

Slope Instability

1 1 No evidence of slope

Arial extent

Remarks

n Slides

instability

CD Location shown on site map

Benches D Applicable ^ NA

(Horizontally constructed mounds of earth placed across a steep landfill side slope to interrupt the slope in order to slow down the velocity of surface runoff and intercept and convey the runoff to a lined channel)

Flows Bypass Bench

Remarks

Bench Breached

Remarks

Bench Overtopped

Remarks

CD Location shown on site map

bull Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

CD NA or okay

bull NA or okay

1 j NA or okay

Letdown Channels bull Applicable ^ NA

(Charaiel lined with erosion control mats riprap grout bags or gabions that descend down the steep side slope ofthe cover and will allow the runoff water collected by the benches to move off of the landfill cover without creating erosion gullies)

Settlement (Low spots)

Arial extent

Remarks

Material Degradation

Material type

Remarks

Erosion

Arial extent

Remarks

Undercutting

Arial extent

Remarks

Obstructions

bull Location shown on sit

Size

Remarks

CD Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

Type

e map Arial extent

CD No evidence of settlement

Depth

[H No evidence of degradation

Arial extent

bull No evidence of erosion

Depth

CD No evidence of undercutting

Depth

1 1 No obstmctions

D-7

6

D

1

2

3

4

5

E

1

9

3

Excessive Vegetative Growth Type

CD No evidence of excessive growth

CD Vegetation in channels does not obstmct flow

CD Location shown on site map Ari

Remarks

al extent

Cover Penetrations XC Applicable ^ NA

Gas Vents bull Active

CD Properly securedlocked Q Functioning

CD Evidence of leakage at penetration

Remarks

Gas Monitoring Probes

CD Properly securedlocked CD Functioning

CD Evidence of leakage at penetration

Remarks

Monitoring Wells (within surface area of landfill)

CD Properly securedlocked [ID Functioning

1 1 Evidence of leakage at penetration

Remarks

Extraction Wells Leachate

CD Properly securedlocked CD Functioning

1 1 Evidence of leakage at penetration

Remarks

Settlement Monuments Q Located

Remarks

Gas Collection and Treatment CD Applicable

Gas Treatment Facilities

n Passive

CD Routinely sampled

CD Needs Maintenance

CD Routinely sampled

CD Needs Maintenance

bull Routinely sampled

CD Needs Maintenance

CD Routinely sampled

1 1 Needs Maintenance

CD Routinely sureyed

^ N A

1 1 Flaring CD Themial destmclion

CD Good condition CD Needs Maintenance

Remarks

Gas Collection Wells Manifolds and Piping

CD Good condition CD Needs Maintenance

Remarks

Gas Monitoring Facilities (eg gas monitoring o

CD Good condition

DNA

- - bull

CD Good condition

DNA

1 1 Good condition

DNA

CD Good condition

DNA

DNA

CD Collection for reuse

Fadjacent homes or buildings)

CD Good condition CD Needs Maintenance CD NA

Remarks

D-8

F

1

2

G

1

1

3

4

H

1

2

I

1

9

3

Cover Drainage Layer bull Applicable ^ NA

Outlet Pipes Inspected CD Functioning

Remarks

Outlet Rock Inspected CD Functioning

Remarks

DetentionSedimentation Ponds bull Applicable

Siltation Area extent Depth

1 1 Siltation not evident

Remarks

Erosion Area extent Depth

CD Erosion not evident

Remarks

Outlet Works bull Functioning

Remarks

Dam CD Functioning

Remarks

Retaining Walls D Applicable ^ NA

Deformations CD Location shown on site map

Horizontal displacement Vertical di

Rotational displacement

Remarks

Degradation [C Location shown on site map

Remarks

Perimeter DitchesOff-Site Discharge [C Applicable

Siltation CD Location shown on site map

Area extent

Remarks

Vegetative Growth bull Location shown on site map

CD Vegetation does not impede flow

Area extent

Remarks

Erosion bull Location shown on site map

Area extent

Remarks

DNA

DNA

^ N A

DNA

DNA

DNA

J Deformation not evident

splacement

CD Degradation not evident

13 NA

CD Siltation not evident

Depth

DNA

Type

CD Erosion not evident

Depth

D-9

4 Discharge Structure Q Functioning bull NA

Remarks

VIII VERTICAL BARRIER WALLS D Applicable ^ NA

1

2

IX

A

1

2

3

B

1

bull )

3

C

Settlement CD Location shown on site map CD Settlement not evident

Area extent Depth

Remarks

Performance Monitoring Type of monitoring

bull Perfomiance not monitored

Frequency CD Evidence of breaching

Head differential

Remarks

GROUNDWATERSURFACE WATER REMEDIES g] Applicable Q NA

Groundwater Extraction Wells Pumps and Pipelines X Applicable ^ NA

Pumps Wellhead Plumbing and Electrical

CD Good condition CD Ail required wells properly operating CD Needs Maintenance CD NA

Remarks

Extraction System Pipelines Valves Valve Boxes and Other Appurtenances

bull Good condition O Needs Maintenance

Remarks

Spare Parts and Equipment

bull Readily available bull Good condition bull Requires upgrade bull Needs to be provided

Remarks

Surface Water Collection Structures Pumps and Pipelines [72 Applicable ^ NA

Collection Structures Pumps and Electrical

CD Good condition CD Needs Maintenance

Remarks

Surface Water Collection System Pipelines Valves Valve Boxes and Other Appurtenances

CD Good condition CD Needs Maintenance

Remarks

Spare Parts and Equipment

bull Readily available O Good condition Q Requires upgrade bull Needs to be pr vided

Remarks

Treatment System bull Applicable 3 NA

D-10

T

Treatment Train (Check components that apply)

I I Metals removal [72 Oilwater separation [72 Bi remediation

I I Air stripping [Zl Carbon adsorbers

D Filters

I I Additive (eg chelation agent flocculent)

n Others

I I Good condition [7 Needs Maintenance

I I Sampling ports properly marked and fianctional

I I Samplingmaintenance log displayed and up to date

CD Equipment properly identified mdash

I I Quantity of groundwater treated annually

I I Quantity of surface water treated annually

Remarks

Electrical Enclosures and Panels (properly rated and functional)

I I NA [22 Good condition [2 Needs Maintenance

Remarks

3 Tanks Vaults Storage Vessels

I I NA [J] Good condition [] Proper secondary containment [2 Needs Maintenance

Remarks

4 Discharge Structure and Appurtenances

I I NA CD Good condition [72 Needs Maintenance

Remarks

5 Treatment Building(s)

CD NA CD Golt d condition (esp roof and doorways) CD Needs repair

I I Chemicals and equipment properly stored

Remarks

6 Monitoring Wells (pump and treatment remedy)

I I Properly securedlocked [7 Functioning CD Routinely sampled CD Good condition

I I All required wells located CD Needs Maintenance CD NA

Remarks

D Monitoring Data

1 Monitoring Data

3 Is routinely submitted on time ^ Is of acceptable quality

2 Monitoring data suggests

[H Groundwater plume is effectively contained CD Contaminant concentrations are declining

D-

E Monitored Natural Attenuation 1 Monitoring Wells (natural attenuation remedy)

I I Properly securedlocked CD Functioning CD Routinely sampled CD Good condition

CD All required wells located CD Needs Maintenance ^ NA

Remarks X OTHER REMEDIES

If there are remedies applied at the site and not covered above attach an inspection sheet describing the physical nature and condition of any facility associated with the remedy An example would be soil vapor extraction

In September 2009 Helena Chemical Company began a pilot-scale bioremediation treatability study at the Site to test the effectiveness of sulfate reduction and anaerobic xylene degradation to treat residual ground water contamination in the surficial aquifer and the intemiediate aquifer system The pilot study also investigates reductive dechlorination of BHC isomers tlirough addition of facultative anaerobic cultures enhancement of nitrate- iron- and sulfate-reducers and addition of a reduction agent such as zero-valent iron with a pH adjustment The study was scheduled to conclude by the fourth quarter of 2010 and a contingency time of an additional 12 months has been allotted in the treatability study schedule if necessary

XI OVERALL OBSERVATIONS A Implementation of the Remedy

The pesticide source contamination in soil was excavated in 2000 and shipped offsite to an approved disposal facilitv in Louisiana Further soil excavation activities were performed in 2004 and 2005 in order to address sulfiir contamination source areas A pilot study to assess treatability of ground water contamination originating from the fomier sulfur pit area and the former xylene tank area is presently underway Results ofthe study will inform the selection ofthe remedy for ground water at the Site

B Adequacy of OampM A treatability study is presently underway for ground water treatment at the Site OampM activities have yet to commence

Early Indicators of Potential Remedy Problems None

D Opportunities for Optimization None

Site Inspection Team Galo Jackson EPA Region 4 Ed Brister Helena Chemical Conipany Christy Fielden E Inc Sabrina Foster E Inc

D-12

Appendix E Photographs from Site Inspection Visit

Helena Chemical Company office building at the Site

Signs at delivery gate which is secured outside of facility operating hours

E-1

Chemical storage warehouse on site

Fonner sulfur pit area with new chemical warehouse facilities

E-2

Monitoring well in the former sulfiir pit area

Pilot study monitoring wells in the former xylene tank area

E-3

Page 6: Five-Year Review Report Second Five-Year Review Report

bull Reduce ecological risk and bull Protect ground water from continued degradation by site contaminants

Technical Assessment

The review of documents applicable or relevant and appropriate requirements (ARARs) risk assumptions and the Site inspection indicate that the Sites soil remedy is functioning as intended by Site decision documents for soil and sediment Pesticide-contaminated surface soil and sediment at the Site and the adjacent CSX railway line east drainage ditch were excavated and shipped offsite for biological treatment and disposal Contaminated soil and residual sulfur were also excavated and shipped offsite for disposal Since there is commingling ofthe Sites ground water plumes with those ofthe adjacent Alaric Site the pump-and-treat ground water remedy selected in the 1996 ROD may not cun^ently be appropriate to-implement at the Site until the Alaric Sites plumes have been remediated Helena Chemical Company proposed a pilot-scale treatability study to evaluate the feasibility of biological and physical ground water contaminant degradation The work plan for this treatability study was approved by EPA in August 2009 The study is currently underway and was scheduled to conclude by the fourth quarter of 2010 with a contingency period of another 12 months if necessary A final report documenting the effectiveness ofthe first full year ofthe treatability study was not available at the time this FYR report was drafted therefore a decision regarding whether to implement the additional 12 month contingency period had also not been made The final results ofthe treatability study will be used to infonn the selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site In the event that the treatability study is not successful EPA may consider additional avenues to approach remediation including additional excavation

The ARARs for four ofthe nine ground water contaminants of concem (COCs) aldrin alpha-benzene hexachloride (BHC) beta-BHC and dieldrin have become more stringent since the signing ofthe 1996 ROD During the current ground water treatability study alpha-BHC and beta-BHC have been detected at levels greater than the 1996 cleanup goal Remedial activities at the Site have allowed the continued industrial use ofthe property and have reduced ecological risk at the Site The selection of a revised ground water remedy is required before achieving the remaining two RAOs 1) protection of ground water from confinued degradadon by site contaminants and 2) reduction of risk to human health within EPAs acceptable risk range Residual soil contaminafion remains present below the water table and the ground water plume continues to exceed cleanup goals The industrial land use at the Site and in the surrounding area has not changed since the ROD was signed therefore the exposure assumptions are sfill valid

The 1996 ROD selected the implementation of institutional controls in the fonn of deed restrictions because industrial remedial goals for the soil and sediment were selected due to the Sites industrial zoning In addition an engineering control in the form of fencing was specified Land use restrictions have not yet been implemented for the Site however some interim institutional controls to protect against exposure to ground water contamination have been implemented Current and future zoning designations are consistent with the industrial land use criteria used in selection of Site COC cleanup goals In 2008 EPA entered into a Memorandum of Agreement with the Southwest Florida Water Management District (SWFWMD) The document confirms SWFWMDs regulatory authority to place restrictions on

well placement and constmction Through shared infonnation between the two agencies SWFWMD can make infonned pennitting and enforcement decisions to prevent exposure to ground water contamination that could pose a risk to human health No impacted ground water wells are used for potable water buildings at the Site and in the surrounding area are connected to municipal water supply lines At the request ofthe FDEP the need for additional institutional controls will be evaluated upon selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site

The Site is well-maintained and is suirounded by a secured perimeter fence with signs restricting access Access is limited to authorized persons during regular business hours All site-related wells have been secured or if no longer operational have been properly abandoned

Conclusion

The Sites remedy cun-enfiy protects huinan health and the environment in the short-temi because it is functioning as intended by the Sites decision documents for soil and sediment Source materials have been excavated and removed for off-site treatment and disposal The selected ground water remedy has not yet been implemented due to concems with promoting migration ofthe ground water plume from the neighboring Alaric Site A pilot-scale bioremediation treatability study is underway and will hopefijlly aid in the selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site The affected surficial aquifer in the vicinity ofthe Site is not used for potable water supply and area residents and businesses are connected to municipal water supply In order for the remedy to be protective in the long-term issues concerning implementation of a revised ground water remedy and institutional should be addressed

Five-Year Review Summary Form

SITE IDENTIFICATION Site name (fnnn WasteLAN) Helena Chemical Company (Tampa Plant) EPA ID (from WasteLAN) FLD053502696

Region 4 State Florida CityCounty TanipaHillsborough County

S I T E S T A T U S

NPL status ^ Final D Deleted D Other (specify) Remediation status (choose all that apply) ^ Under Construction HH Operating Q Complete Multiple OUs D YES ^ NO ^ ^ bdquo bdquo ^ ^ v^ Has site been put into reuse [^ YES I I NO Site is in c

Construction completion date Not Applicable ontiiiued use by the Helena Clieiiiical Company

R E V I E W S T A T U S

Lead agency | ^ EPA I I State I I Tribe I I Other Federal Agency

4uthor name Sabrina Foster and Cliristy Fielden (Reviewed by EPA) Author title Associate and Project Manager uthor affiliation E Inc

Review period 04152010 to 01312011 Date(s) of site inspection 07082010

Type of review IXI Post-SARA n Pre-SARA I I Non-NPL Remedial Action Site I I Regional Discretion

n NPL-Remova only n NPL StateTribe-lead

Review nuniber Q 1 (First) ^ 2 (second) Q 3 (third) bull Other (specify)

Triggering action I I Actual RA Onsite Construction at 0U I I Construction Completion I I Other (specify)

n Actual RA Start at 0U 1X1 Previous Five-Year Review Report

Triggering action date (from WasteLAM) 01312006 Due date (fiveyears after triggering action date) 0131 201 1

OU refers lo operable unit] [Review period should correspond to lhe actual start and end dates ofthe Five-Year Review in WasteLAN]

Five-Year Review Summary Form continued

Issues 1) A revised ground water remedy for the Site has not been selected or implemented and sampling events continue to detect COC concentrations in groutid water that are greater than cleanup goals 2) Land use restrictions for the Site have not yet been implemented 3) The ARARs for aldrin alpha-BHC beta-BHC and dieldrin have become more stringent since the signing ofthe 1996 ROD

Recommendations and Follow-up Actions 1) At the conclusion ofthe current pilot study evaluate results and if appropriate document the selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Sile 2) During the future modification ofthe selected ground water remedy evaluate the need for soil and sediment source control institutional controls and for additional ground water institutional controls and implement as appropriate

Protectiveness Statement The Sites remedy cuiTently protects human health and the environment in the short-term because it is functioning as intended by the Sites decision documents for soil and sediment Source materials have been excavated and removed for off-site treatment and disposal The selected ground water remedy has not yet been implemented due to concems with promoting migration ofthe ground water plume from the neighboring Alaric Site A pilot-scale bioremediation treatability study is underway and vvill hopefully aid in the selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site The affected surficial aquifer in the vicinity ofthe Site is not used for potable water supply and area residents and businesses are connected to municipal water supply In order for the remedy to be protective in the long-term issues concerning implementation of a revised ground water remedy and institutional controls should be addressed

Other Coniments Deed records for the Site could not be located tlirough the Hillsborough County Deed Records Office or tlirough an EPA property title search If evaluation of appropriate institutional controls for the Site results in the selection of a restrictive covenant these deed records will need to be located for the restrictive covenant to be implemented

Environmental Indicators - Current hunian exposures at this site are under control - Current ground water migration is not under control

Are Necessarv Institutional Controls in Place n All lEl Some D None A Memorandum of Agreement between EPA and the Southwest Florida Water Management District (SWFWMD) confirms SWFWMDs authority to regulate ground water well use and to impose additional restrictions for the Site and surrounding area Current and anticipated ftiture land uses and zoning are consistent with the industrial criteria used in selection of Site cleanup goals At the request ofthe FDEP once a revised ground water remedy has been selected the Site will be further evaluated to detennine whether additional institutional controls are required

Has the Site Been Designated as Site-Wide Readv for Anticipated Use D Yes ^ No

Second Five-Year Review Report for

Helena Chemicai Company (Tampa Plant) Superfund Site

10 Introduction

The purpose of a Five-Year Review (FYR) is to evaluate the implementation and perfoimance of a remedy in order to detemiine if the remedy will confinue to be protective of human health and the environinent The methods findings and conclusions of FYRs are documented in five-year review reports In addition FYR reports identify issues found during the review ifany and document recommendations to address them

The US Environmental Protecfion Agency (EPA) prepares FYRs pursuant to the Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA) Section 121 and the National Confingency Plan (NCP) CERCLA Secfion 121 states

If the President selects a remedial action that results in any hazardous substances pollutants or contaminants remaining at the site the President shall review such remedial action no less often than each five years after the initiation of such remedial action to assure that human health and the environinent are being protected by the remedial action being implemented In addition if upon such review it is the judgment ofthe President that acfion is appropriate at such site in accordance with section [104] or [106] the President shall take or require such action The President shall report to the Congress a list of facilifies for which such review is required the results of all such reviews and any actions taken as a result of such reviews

EPA interpreted this requirement further in the NCP Title 40 ofthe Code of Federal Regulafions (CFR) Secfion 300430(f)(4)(ii) states

If a remedial acfion is selected that results in hazardous substances pollutants or contaminants remaining at the site above levels that allow for unlimited use and unrestricted exposure the lead agency shall review such actions no less often than every five years after the initiation ofthe selected remedial action

E Inc an EPA Region 4 contractor conducted the FYR and prepared this report regarding the remedy implemented at the Helena Chemical Company (Tampa Plant) Site (the Site) in Tampa Hillsborough County Florida This FYR was conducted from April of 2010 to January of 2011 EPA is the lead agency for developing and implementing the remedy for the potentially responsible party (PRP)-financed cleanup at the Site The Florida Department of Environmental Protection (FDEP) as the support agency representing the State of Florida has reviewed all supporting documentafion and provided input to EPA during the FYR process

This is the second FYR for the Site The triggering action for this statutory review is the previous FYR in 2006 The FYR is required due to the fact that hazardous substances pollutants or contaminants remain at the Site above levels that allow for unlimited use and unrestricted exposure

20 Site Chronology

The following table lists the dates of important events for the Site

Table 1 Chronology of Site Events

Event Initial discovery of contamination Site proposed for the National Priorities List (NPL) Administrative Order on Consent between EPA and Helena Chemical Company remedial investigation and feasibility study (RIFS) start date Site listed on the NPL RIFS completed -Record of Decision (ROD) signed Unilateral Administrative Order and Consent Decree issued by EPA to Helena Chemical Company for implementation of remedial design (RD) and remedial action (RA) RD start date Soil RD completion date and RA start date Soil RA completed RD for sulfur area started RD for sulfur area completed Explanation of Significant Differences (ESD) for xylene issued Consent Decree issued by EPA to Helena Cheinical Company for cost recovery First FYR signed Memorandum of Agreement signed between EPA Region 4 and Southwest Florida Water Management District (SWFWMD) Pilot test for ground water and interini monitoring program start

Date August I 1980

February 7 1992 September 2 1992

October 14 1992 Iuly20 1995 Mav 7 1996

December 10 1996

December 26 1996 Februan 142000

March 7 2001 March 182003

May 8 2003 lanuary 27 2005

July 20 2005

January 31 2006 September 11 2008

August 2009

30 Background

31 Physical Characteristics

The Site is located at 2405 North 71^ Street within the City of Tampa in Hillsborough County Florida (Figure 1) This active commercial and industrial land use area is known as Orient Park or Bunchville An acfive CSX railway line mns along the southem border ofthe Site The active main operating facility is on a single 65-acre parcel (Parcel A-I4-29-19-4CA-000000-000220) bounded by Orient Road to the east East 14 Avenue to the north and North 71^ Street to the west Three additional parcels (Parcel A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000320 Parcel A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000330 and Parcel A-14-29-19-4CE-000003-000010) totaling 197 acres located west of North 71 Street are also included as part ofthe Site and are known as the Helena Woods The Site is situated between two other Superfund sites I) the Alaric Area Ground Water Plume Superfund Site (Alaric Site) to the north ofthe Helena Woods area and to the west ofthe main operating facility and 2) the Stauffer Chemical Company (Tampa) Superfund Site to the southeast ofthe Site on the southem side ofthe CSX railroad tracks

The Site is approximately 05 miles west of Six Mile Creek and the Tampa Bypass Canal The Site is subject to flooding during periods of intense and extended rainfall Surface water at the Site is composed entirely of stonnwater mnoff and the sediment remediation in the Sites selected remedy addresses sediment deposited by this overland flow Stonnwater mnoff from the central portion ofthe Site channels into concrete drainage swales and flows into an on-site retention pond located in the southeastem comer ofthe operating facility parcel The retenfion pond is designed to hold stonnwater mnoff during a 20-year stonn A spillway at the southeastem corner ofthe retention pond allows overflow to drain into a drainage ditch parallel to the CSX railroad tracks The retention pond is part ofthe mnoff control system at the Site and does not constitute a significant ecological habitat

On the westem and northem boundaries ofthe operating facility parcel stonnwater flows to the southwest where it collects in a low-lying section ofthe Helena Woods area and then flows to the north via a paired ditchculvert system along the east and west shoulders of North 71st Street On the east boundary surface water flow continues south along the ditch parallel to Orient Road Drainage tums eastward through a culvert under Orient Road then travels east-northeast for approximately 05 miles The drainage pathway continues through a swale on the north side ofthe CSX right-of-way

Surficial deposits at the Site consist of a thin three to six inch layer of topsoil and sediment covering fine- to medium-grained sands These deposits extend approximately 11 feet below the ground surface (bgs) and are primarily unconsolidated brown fineshygrained sands with traces of organic matter clay silt medium-grained sand and shells The surficial deposits fonn a sharp contact with the underlying Intemiediate Confining Unit which is a stiff intemiediate clay unit between the overlying surficial aquifer and the underlying poorly consolidated limestones that grade into more indurated limestones

11

The bottom portions ofthe surficial unit are saturated year-round the water table fluctuates drasfically with precipitation with seasonal high-water tables rising to within one foot bgs The clay ofthe Intermediate Confining Unit or intennediate aquifer system has low hydraulic pemieability and fonns the semi-confining unit between the ground water of the surficial aquifer and the Floridan aquifer The Upper Floridan aquifer is encountered at approximately 80 feet bgs Moderately indurated clayey sandy limestone is present in the upper section ofthe Floridan aquifer

Ground water flow at the Site is oriented in a radial pattem to the northeast east southeast south and southwest Gradients are the highest in the southeastem direction and lowest toward the northeast and southwest

12

Figure I Site Location Map

Helena Chemical Company Superfund Site Tampa HiHsborough County Florida

Disclaimer This map and any boundary lines within the map are approximate and subject to change The map is not a survey The map is for informational purposes only regarding EPAs response actions at the Site and is not intended for any other purpose

13

Figure 2 Detailed Site Map

~ vHak Area Ground Water Plume Site t

h-V -bull

^

KbullVI^tHl

-

4 ^

See Figure 3 _JSCnSt detail

T--

bdquo bdquo ^ bdquo I

1

I C ^ bullbull

Stauffer Chemical Company (Tampa) Site

Zi

Lagand [ __ ftppronmals Boundary at Suf id A q u h i Gtowid VUMCf Plume L ^ BounMry

17 AjipxiitrratD Boundary of inMimodixe Aqutar System Grcurd Matnr Plume ^ Priaiate WWis Found D i ^ r ^ Sts inapecVon

bull lnlBiniediraquoIeA^u-fcrSyilBT MonlaingwVei Incnaed in Monilonnj Program S SurfcalApufcr Mantarng WBK Incliided in Manitomg Prcgran

^ Weimedisie Aquilei Sysle-n Moiatof Kig Well Not lncjltteltlaquo in Monltonng Progiain pound Suifcal Aqullte Montamo Well Not Inoufled n Monilonrraquo8 Pr agiam

Helena Chemical Company Superfund Site Tampa Hillsborough County Florida

y Disclaimer This map and any boundary lines within the map are approximate and subject to change The map is not a survey The map is for informational purposes only regarding EPAs response actions at the Site and is not intended for any other purpose

14

32 Land and Resource Use

The Site has been used for the manufacture storage and distribution of agricultural products since 1929 The original Site owner Flag Sulfur Company fomiulated a wide variety of insecticides herbicides and fungicides including wettable and dusting sulfur at the Site from 1929 until 1967 Helena Chemical Company acquired the business in 1967 and continued manufacturing operations In 1981 Helena Chemical Company

moved the pesticides herbicides and fiingicides fonnulation operafions to a facility in Georgia in 1981 and the Tampa facility has confinued fomiulating and packaging insecticidal spray oil and liquid fertilizers since that time The Site also serves as Helena Chemical Companys main distribution warehouse for sales locations in the State of Florida

The Site consists of four land parcels within a secured Site perimeter fence The largest of these parcels (65 acres) contains the active Helena Chemical Company offices warehouses and distribufion centers as well as associated paved parking areas This parcel (A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000220) is presenfly zoned for light industrial land uses The Planning Commission serving Hillsborough County the City of Plant City the City of Temple Terrace and the City of Tampa anticipates this parcels fijture land use to be heavy industrial The three smaller parcels forming the Helena Woods area are covered by low grassy vegetation and oak trees and also contain several ground water monitoring wells for the Alaric Site located immediately to the north Two ofthe Helena Woods parcels are listed as being vacant and the third is zoned for a mobile home park The Planning Commission anficipates that all three parcels will be zoned for heavy industrial use in the future North 7P Street fomierly crossed the CSX railroad tracks to the south ofthe Site but the road was closed after an accident at the crossing The street now dead ends at the entrance gate to the tmck loading area on the Helena Cheinical Company property and the closed section of street between the entrance gate and the railroad tracks is included within the Site perimeter fencing

Surrounding land uses predominanfly include various light and heavy industrial uses as well as commercial land uses Small pockets of single family residences are located several blocks to the north and to the west ofthe Site Buildings on the Site and throughout the area impacted by site-related ground water contaniination are connected to municipal water supply lines None ofthe ground water wells impacted by contamination fi^om the Site are used for potable water supply

33 History of Contamination

The facility was built in 1929 as a chemical plant for the production of sulfur and was owned and operated by Flag Sulfur Conipany No historical records regarding the specific products formulated during Flag Sulfijr Company operafions are available but previous facility managers indicated that the conipany manufactured wettable and dusting sulfijr and fomiulated pesticides herbicides fungicides and fertilizers at the Site In 1967 Helena Chemical Conipany purchased the facility fi^om Duval Corporation the owner of Flag Sulfur Company From 1967 to 1981 Helena Chemical Conipany produced

15

wettable and dusting sulfur and fomiulated pesticides herbicides fungicides and fertilizers at the Site The company purchased the raw niaterials fi^oiii suppliers and added solvent emulsifiers andor surfactant to give the finished product certain characteristics required for various applications and strengths

Historically most agricultural chemical fonnulation occurred in the East Warehouse building located in the south central portion ofthe main operating facility parcel The fonnulation process for liquid products would consist of mixing a technical chemical with various solvents a surfactant andor emulsifiers in aboveground mixing vessels in the East Warehouse building Various solvents including xylene and an intemiediate range petroleum solvent called T-500 were used as pesticide carriers or diluents These solvents were stored on site in aboveground storage tanks A 3500-galIon capacity aboveground xylene storage tank was historically located in a benned area to the east of the East Warehouse building This tank was vandalized in 1977 causing a release of xylene to the soil and ground water below

In 1974 Helena Cheinical Company began using a three-tank pollution control system to handle the wash-down waste generated from pesticide manufacturing The wash-down waste consisted primarily of pesticides in a xylene carrier It was diluted with other process water and stonnwater treated vvith caustic soda run through an aeration evaporation treatnient system and finally discharged to the on-site stomiwater retention pond Sludges associated with the treatment system were periodically removed and shipped to the Chemical Waste Management Inc facility in Emelle Alabama for appropriate disposal At an undetemiined time between 1984 and 1988 use ofthe three-tank pollution control system was discontinued

According to the 1996 ROD the on-site stomiwater retention pond may have received some overflow waste from the East Warehouse building before the pollution control tanks were installed in 1974 During construction ofthe retention pond soil in the southeastem portion ofthe Site was removed using backhoes and placed in the Helena Woods area While the Helena Woods area was never used for agricultural chemical fonnulation or packaging contaniination in this area is attributed to the dredge niaterials irom the retention pond and to treatinent with pesticides and herbicides during routine maintenance activities

Dry products were formulated in the east end ofthe West Warehouse building just south ofthe loading dock using a Raymond Mill for grinding and a set of ribbon blenders for mixing Helena Chemical Company would then package the finished product for resale Both Flag Sulfur Company and Helena Chemical Conipany manufactured sulfiir dust and wettable sulfur on site Flag Sulfur Companys operations are largely unknown Helena Chemical Companys sulfur processing operations consisted of transporting molten sulfur to the Site and unloading the sulfur in the fonner sulfijr pit area located south ofthe current central paved courtyard between the West and East Warehouse buildings The sulfur was contained in berms for a period of approximately 48 hours until it had solidified Heavy equipment was then used to break the sulfur into pieces for processing through the Raymond Mill

16

34 Initial Response

In 1976 Helena Chemical Company stopped processing sulfijr products The fomier sulfur pit area was excavated and then filled with clean sand In 1980 the fomiulation of dry fertilizers was also discontinued at the facility In 1981 Helena Chemical Company moved the pesticide herbicide and fungicide fonnulation operation to a company facility in Georgia Since 1981 Helena Chemical Company has fomiulated insecficidal petroleum oil (a 70-viscosity paraffin-based oil with an emulsifier additive) and liquid fertilizers at the Site In addition to products produced at the facility numerous agricultural products are stored in the warehouse prior to distribution to Helena Chemical

- Companys Florida sales offices mdash

In 1984 FDEP inspected the Site and required quarterly monitoring ofthe surficial aquifer From 1988 to 1990 EPA investigated the Site and found pesticide contaniination in the on-site soil sediment and surficial aquifer Based on the potential for hunian exposure via ingestion of contaminated ground water EPA proposed the Site for listing on the NPL in Febmary 1992 and finalized the listing in October 1992

The Florida Department of Health and Rehabilitative Services (FHRS the predecessor of FDEP) in cooperation with the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry prepared a public health assessment for the Site in September 1993 In that report FHRS expressed concem for on-site worker contact with contaminated soil and exposure to sediment and ground water FHRS made several recommendations that additional data should be collected Under a September 1992 Consent Order with EPA Helena Cheinical Coinpany perfonned a RIFS at the Site The primary objectives ofthe invesfigation were to detemiine the nature magnitude and extent of contamination evaluate potential risks to human health and the environinent and evaluate potential cleanup altematives Site operations have remained active throughout site investigations and remedial activities

35 Basis for Taking Action

The results ofthe RIFS documented extensive surface soil and sediment contaniination including pesticides semivolatile organic compounds and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) related to fonner operations by Helena Chemical Company and its predecessors The investigations also documented contamination of ground water in the surficial aquifer and intemiediate aquifer systems with chlorinated pesticides polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons phenols and VOCs A human health risk assessment perfonned by Black and Veatch in 1994 concluded that risks to current and future site workers current and future trespassers and potential future Site residents exceeded acceptable risk and hazard thresholds

17

40 Remedial Actions

In accordance with CERCLA and the NCP the ovemiding goals for any remedial action are protecfion of human health and the environment and compliance with applicable or relevant and appropriate requirements (ARARs) A nuinber of remedial altemafives were considered for the Site fmal selection was made based on an evaluafion ofeach altemative against nine evaluation criteria that are specified in Secfion 300430(e)(9)(iii) ofthe NCP The nine criteria include

L Overall Protectiveness of Human Health and the Environment 2 Compliance with ARARs 3 Long-Tenn Effectiveness and Pennanence 4 Reduction of Toxicity Mobility or Volume of Contaminants through Treatment 5 Short-temi Effectiveness 6 Implementability 7 Cost 8 State Acceptance 9 Community Acceptance

41 Remedy Selection

EPA issued the site-wide ROD on May 7 1996 Based on the results ofthe Sites RIFS EPA detennined that remediation of soil sediment and ground water would be required for the protection of huinan health and the environment Remedial action objecfives (RAOs) established in the ROD for the Site include

bull Restore the Site to beneficial use bull Reduce risk to human health within EPAs acceptable risk range (ie total

residual cancer risk between 1 x 10 to 1 x 10 and maximum individual contaminant Hazard Quotient of 1)

bull Reduce ecological risk bull Protect ground water from continued degradation by Site contaminants

The remedy selected in the Sites 1996 ROD consisted ofthe following remedial components for source control in soil and sediment

Implement institutional controls (ie fencing (cumenfiy considered an engineering control) and deed restrictions) Demolish tank fanii pads east ofthe liquid processing building (East Warehouse) and dispose ofthe debris offsite Excavate material from the fonner sulfur pit and dispose of excavated materials offsite Neutralize soil in place if located in areas where sulfur is present but inaccessible Excavate contaminated surface soil and sediment (zero to two feet) where concentrations exceed soil cleanup goals Biologically treat contaminated surface soil and sediment

bull Place treated soil back on site

Major components ofthe ground water remedy selected in the 1996 ROD include

bull Extract contaminated ground water bull Treat contaminated ground water to meet surface water discharge standards bull Discharge treated ground water to on-site ponds or to the Tampa Bypass Canal

under a National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System pemiit bull Place controls on Site to restrict the use of ground water beneath the Site through

the filing of deed notices in order to limit exposure to contaminated ground water until cleanup goals are met

The 1996 ROD selected cleanup goals for contaminants of concem (COCs) in both ground water and surface soil (Table 2) As Site data suggested that sediments with pesticide contamination attributable to the Site were primarily present in drainage ditches that were typically dry remediation of sediment in Site drainage features was to be managed using the surface soil cleanup goals protective of hunian health The 1996 ROD also selected a confingency remedy for Site soil and sediment If treatability studies demonstrated that the selected biological treatinent remedy could not achieve the performance standards listed in Table 2 low temperature themial desorption (LTTD) was to be used in lieu ofthe biological treatnient

Table 2 COCs and Cleanup Goals

bull bull - y y Contaminant of Concern

44-dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (44-DDT) Aldrin Alpha-benzene hexachloride (Alpha-BHC) Beta-benzene hexachloride (Beta-BHC) Gamma-benzene hexachloride (Gamma-BHC) Chlordane Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane (DDD) Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) Dieldrin Endosulfan 1 Endosulfan II Heptachlor Heptachlor epoxide Total xylenes Toxaphene

Ground Water 7 Cleanup Goal

(micrograms per liter ^gL)

03

005

005

01

02

NA NA NA NA 01

7

2 NA NA 20 NA

Surface Soil and Sediment Cleanup Goal

(milligrams per kilogram mgkg)

NA

018

047

NA

NA

23 126 89 89

019 NA NA 067 034 NA 276

NA not applicable

19

In January 2005 EPA issued an Explanation of Significant Differences (ESD) to modify part ofthe remedy described in the 1996 ROD The purpose ofthe ESD was to modify the xylene cleanup goal for ground water from 20 micrograms per liter (|JgL) per the Florida secondary maximum contaminant level (MCL) to 10000 (igL per the State and federal primary MCL Secondary MCLs are non-mandatory standards under the Superfund prograin and are not enforceable by EPA however they are a component of the State of Floridas drinking water statute State and federal primary MCLs are enforceable standards established to protect the public against consumption of drinking water that presents a risk to huinan health The ESD also called for continued monitoring ofthe effecfiveness ofthe xylene treatnient and for evaluation of further remedial actions should the presence of xylene a solvent mobilize residual soil pesticide contaminants into ground water

42 Remedy Implementation

Remedial design and remedial actions for soil sediment and ground water at the Site are being implemented by the Helena Chemical Company under a 1996 Unilateral Administrative Order An additional Consent Decree was filed in 2005 for EPA to recover past and future costs incurred and to require Helena Cheinical Conipany to pay EPA oversight costs at the Site and at a separate Site in South Carolina also owned by Helena Chemical Coinpany

Soil and Sediment Source Control

In 1999 additional grid-based sampling was conducted in the xylene source area (east of the East Warehouse building) to detemiine the boundaries for the soil removal excavation Bench-scale studies were performed by EPAs Ecosystems Research Division and EPAs Science and Ecosystems Support Division to investigate the effectiveness of incorporating zero-valent iron in soil to facilitate abiotic degradation of chlorinated pesticides These studies were implemented in 1999 but were tenninated early due to lack of measurable COC degradation Helena Chemical Company then explored the option of using the Xenorein bioremediation process which had been successfijlly implemented on the adjacent Stauffer Chemical Co (Tampa) Superfund site The extent of contamination prevented direct application ofthe Xenorem approach at the Site Helena Chemical Conipany learned however that an off-site disposal facility the Waste Management Inc hazardous waste treatment facility in Carlyss Louisiana (facility nuniber LAD0007772010P1) had been authorized to bioremediate wastes in July 1998 and could potentially accept the excavated Site materials for bioremediafion at the off-site facility EPA approved the change from on-site to off-site treatinent and disposal of contaminated soil and sediment in a letter dated Febmary 14 2000

The 1996 ROD had also stipulated LTTD as a contingency soil treatment should biological treatinent be ineffective EPA requested this contingency be explored in 1999 Helena Chemical Coinpany retained Focus Environmental Inc to perfonn the evaluation ofthe contingency treatinent The evaluation concluded that LTTD was not a practical remedy for the Site primarily due to concems related to elevated sulfijr concentrations in

20

soil which would require air pollution controls to remove acid gas generated by the treatnient as well as space limitations on the Site which would not pemiit an efficient layout and operafion ofthe treatment and material handling units

In 2000 Helena Chemical Conipany excavated 7700 tons of pesticide-contaminated soil fi-om the Site including the xylene source area and an additional 600 tons of pesticide-contaminated soil and sediment from the drainage ditch area along the CSX railway right-of-way just south ofthe Site Soil was transported to the Waste Manageinent Inc facility in Carlyss Louisiana for bioremediation andoff-site disposal Surface soils were excavated to a depth of two feet According to the 1996 ROD the water table in the area fluctuates between two and four feet bgs Therefore the excavation of surface soils to two feet bgs would address soil contaminafion above the water table but not contaniination existing below the water table The excavation areas were lined with an --indicator fabric prior to backfilling the areas with clean inaterials and seeded with grass where appropriate

Delineation activifies to detemiine the extent of sulfur contaniination in the fonner sulfur pit area were perfonned from 2001 through 2003 and remedial work was perfomied in two separate phases A metal building covering much ofthe area where sulfijr remedial work was to be perfonned was dismanfled and transported offsite for recycling During phase 1 remedial work performed in 2004 soil and concrete were excavated from the elevated loading dock area and the west side ofthe tank fann for off-site treatinent and disposal During phase II remedial work perfonned in 2005 soil and concrete were excavated from the northem tank fann and fonner warehouse boundaries Approximately 3000 tons of soil and crystallized (fomierly molten) sulfur were removed during the 2004 and 2005 removal activities and also shipped to the Waste Management Inc facility in Carlyss Louisiana for off-site disposal

The 2005 ESD changed the xylene ground water cleanup goal from 20 |JgL to 10000 ^gL Since the presence of xylene in ground water could mobilize residual pesticide contamination in soil into ground water the ESD included post-treatment monitoring of the xylene area This monitoring includes all COCs established in the 1996 ROD and a specific assessment of whether the remaining xylene concentrations are sufficiently low to ensure that cosolvency is not facilitating the transport of residual pesticides that might be lingering in the soil If cosolvency is found to be mobilizing residual pesticide contaminants fi-om soil to ground water this assessment will be used to detennine whether further active treatment of xylene to below the federal and state primary standard is necessary

Ground Water

The ground water remedy described in the 1996 ROD has not yet been implemented at the Site due to discovery of contaminafion and investigations at the adjacent Alaric Site and concems that the selected remedy would potentially cause further contaminafion of the aquifer systems Altemative ground water treatments are currently being investigated in the pilot-scale treatability study underway at the Site Supplemental data collection and

21

ground water plume delineafion studies began in 1998 Ground water sampling perfonned in existing surficial aquifer and intemiediate aquifer system monitoring wells in Febmary 1998 resulted in the installation of additional surficial aquifer wells south of the Site to further delineate the nature and extent of contaniination The results ofthis study also detemiined the need for further investigation of ground water contamination in the xylene area (location of 1977 release immediately east ofthe East Warehouse on the Site Figure 3) in the sulfijr area (locafion ofthe fonner sulfiir pit in central courtyard on the Site Figure 3) and in the intemiediate aquifer system

Field activities to address the recommendations ofthe Febmary 1998 investigation were implemented in April 2001 Eight additional monitoring wells (MW-24 through MW-31 Figure 2) were installed south and east ofthe Site on City of Tampa rights-of-way to monitor the extent of contamination in the surficial aquifer Contamination was also identified in shallow areas ofthe intermediate aquifer system Ground water sampling and supplemental field activities were perfonned from October 2002 through January 2003 These activities included intennediate aquifer invesfigations xylene source area invesfigations downgradient surficial aquifer monitoring well installation and sulfur area invesfigations Additional intermediate aquifer system monitoring wells (MW-32 and MW-33 Figure 2) were installed along Orient Road during a November 2002 comprehensive ground water sampling event The new wells were installed to provide intemiediate monitoring points for xylene pesficide and herbicide contamination

While the 2002 and 2003 field acfivities were being perfonned significant chlorinated solvent contamination from the adjacent Alaric Site was discovered in both the surficial aquifer and intennediate aquifer systems this contamination was commingling with the westem portion ofthe Sites ground water plume The implementation ofthe ground water pump-and-treat remedy selected for the Site had the potential to exacerbate contaminant plume migration from the Alaric Site For this reason EPA detennined that implementation ofthe pump-and-treat remedy for the Site should be delayed until delineation and remediation ofthe surficial aquifer at the Alaric Site is completed

Additional comprehensive ground water sampling events were perfonned in May 2005 to provide a baseline for water quality following complefion ofthe sulfur area removal acfions and in December 2006 to detennine current condifions across the monitoring well network Selected wells were also sampled in March August and November 2007 and January 2008 to gauge the overall effectiveness ofthe sulfur area removal in addressing source contaminafion ofthe surficial aquifer Given the probability that the selected pump-and-treat remedy for ground water at the Site would be incompatible with ground water treatnient activities being designed at the adjacent Alaric Site several altemafive management approaches to address ground water contamination in the sulfur area and associated plume were explored

In June 2009 Helena Chemical Conipany presented EPA with a Pilot Test and Interim Monitoring Work Plan to address ground water contamination without implementing the pump-and-treat remedy EPA approved the Work Plan in August 2009 and implementation began in August 2009 The pilot study is expected to last for one year

22

with an additional one-year contingency period The work plan addresses four critical areas of source control and monitoring the sulfur area the xylene area supplemental monitoring efforts and interim ground water monitoring activities while pilot testing is underway

Sulfijr Area Pilot Study

The pilot study objecfive in the sulfijr area is to detennine whether buffering pH and introducing zero-valent iron will allow natural degradation of benzene hexachloride (BHC) and sulfates in the source area through biological or physical mechanisms Low pH elevated sulfate and residual sulfiir in the sulfur area are thought to be inhibiting natural biological degradation processes and minimizing the physical attenuafion of contaminants within the aquifer-matrix which would typically occur through adsorpfion-and aqueous chemical reactions such as hydrolysis Given the residual sulfur in the soil which continues to act as a long-term source for sulfuric acid sulfate control was required in addition to pH controls Zero-valent iron was selected as the primary pilot study treatment technology for the sulfur area because it has been used effectively to facilitate abiofic degradation of BHCs is effecfive at moderating pH and acts as an oxygen scavenger limiting any future oxidafion of residual sulfur in the soil Additional neutralization with lime andor hydroxides and biological sulfate reduction may also be utilized to control pH levels if necessary

Two sulfur study areas known as the East Plot and the West Plot have been implemented in the central courtyard ofthe Site on either side ofthe fomier sulfur pit location (Figure 3) Each plot consists of eight injection wells Cheinical injections were administered in the third quarter of 2009 and sampling is being conducted at 60-day interals for the 360 days following the injections

Xylene Area Pilot Study

The xylene pilot test was designed to gauge the effectiveness of anaerobic biodegradatlon in degrading xylene and residual BHCs Total xylene concentrafions have declined since the 2000 soil removal action in the former xylene tank area but have remained above cleanup goals Site conditions such as low pH lack of nutrients and lack of electron accepting substrates (eg nitrate iron and sulfate) were thought to be limiting xylene and BHC degradadon The pilot test also sought to increase degradation rates without introducing treatments that would complicate efforts in the adjacent sulfijr pilot study bull area so the xylene treatinent was designed in consideration ofthe existing anaerobic Site conditions

One xylene pilot study area was implemented in the fonner xylene tank area (Figure 3) The plot includes six injection wells and 12 monitoring wells The first round of nutrient and electron acceptor substrate injections was perfonned in the third quarter of 2009 and the second round of injections was perfomied in the fourth quarter of 2009 As with the sulfijr pilot study area sampling is being conducted at 60-day intervals for the 360 days following the first round of injections

23

Monitoring Acfivities

Supplemental monitoring efforts in the work plan include installation of monitoring wells on the Fesfive Floats property located directly south ofthe Site on the opposite side of the CSX railway tracks and addifional investigation to detemiine the northem extent of low pH and elevated sulfate and BHC concentrations Until a revised ground water remedy is selected for the Site interini ground water monitoring activities in both the surficial and intermediate aquifer systems will include sampling every nine months to assess seasonal variability in concentrations and monitor for any changes in COC concentrations

24

Figure 3 Map of Pilot Study Area

r

SWTBD

swTZD s w n u

StfT-HD A I ^ raquoswr3u SWTU

swrsu

West Warehouse

SETTO SET1U

SET3U SETD A y A J

I SETSD

sensD raquo SETsu

5ET7U

X40

XI6D

^^xth 7 -^ ^IZD-- ^

_ X S U X8D B^=^X12tJ bull bull X l fU

X8U xi f lD

Legend

bull Surflclat Adulter Sulfur Arlaquoa P M Test Wall

Surlicii i AquHler Xylene Area Ptky Test Ir^ctnsn MHI

bull Suifidal Aquilei Xylene Area Pikx Tesl Monilming Well

I Sile Bounoaiv J Fee 90 too

L 7WL o NORTH

Figure 3 Site Map

Pilot Study Areas

Helena Chemical Company Superfund Site Tampa Hillsborough County Flonda

Disclaimer This map and any boundary lines within the map are approximate and subject to change The map is not a survey The map is for informational purposes only regarding EPAs response actions at the Site and is not intended for any other purpose

25

43 Operation and Maintenance (OampM)

The 1996 ROD anticipated that the ground water pump-and-treat system would be operated at the Site for a 30-year period and estimated that OampM ofthe system would cost $1289000 over the course ofthe 30 years The ground water remedy selected in the 1996 ROD has not yet been implemented due to developments at the adjacent Alaric Site and ongoing pilot testing at the Site As remedial activities continue with pilot testing there are no OampM acfivities undei-way at the Site and the activities to be addressed in a site OampM plan will depend on the future revised remedy for ground water for the Site

26

50 Progress Since the Last Five-Year Review

The protectiveness statement from the 2006 FYR for the Site stated the following

77^ remedy implemenled at the [Helena Chemical Company Tampa Site currently protects human health and the environment because source area actions implemented for pesticide-contaminated soil and the sulfur pit source area have been completed during this review period Additional evaluations of low pH conditions will be performed to assess the need for supplemental neutralization in conjunction with future groundwater actions No remedial actions for groundwater have been implemented at this time Site data evaluations and remedy evaluations will ensure the remedy will be protective In the interim exposure pathways that could result in unacceptable risks are incomplete Conditions-at the site are not expected to change in the near future given the area s land use (commercialindustrial) However in order for the remedy to be protective in the long term the following actions need to be taken a full evaluation ofthe need for deed reslriclions and if necessary they will be imposed

The 2006 FYR included three issues and recommendafions Table 3 summarizes each recommendation and its current status

Table 3 Progress on Recommendations from the 2006 FYR

Section

51

Recommendations

EPA FDEP and Helena Chemical Company will discuss ground water remedy issues including the need for fijrther assessment of natural attenuation processes Dialogue will generate a priority list for evaluation identify evaluation teclmiques and establish an evaluation timetable Ground water remedy discussions will be initiated by the second quarter of 2006

Parties Responsible

EPA FDEP Helena

Chemical Company

Milestone Date

4302006

Action Taken and Ontcome

Discussions between EPA FDEP and Helena Chemical Company have resulted in the development of a pilot testing work plan to explore treatment options for enliancing biological and physical degradation processes This pilot study was initiated in August 2009

Date of Action

08312009

27

Section

52

53

Recommendations

EPA FDEP and Helena Chemical Company will evaluate ylene source area issues Discussions will include prioritization of any additional RD activities evaluation of remedial cleanup goals etc Xylene remedy discussions will be initiated by the first quarter of 2006

Helena Chemical Company will evaluate the requirements for implementing deed restrictions on the property and whether any remedy-specific requirements must be incorporated into the institutional control A fiill evaluation ofthe need for deed restrictions will be made and if necessary they will be imposed This evaluation will be completed by the fourth quarter of 2006

Parties Responsible

EPA FDEP Helena

Chemical Company

Helena Chemical Company

Milestone Date

4302006

12312006

Action Taken and Outcome-

Pilot test program discussions between EPA FDEP and Helena Chemical Company have resulted in the development of a work plan to explore effectiveness of anaerobic degradation of xylene and BHCs This pilot study was initiated in August 2009

EPA and FDEP are is discussions regarding the restrictive covenant for the Sites soil in order to prevent exposure Land use zoning is consistent vvith soil cleanup criteria and land use is not anticipated to change in the foreseeable future Ground water institutional controls are enforced through an EPA Memorandum of Agreement with the Southwest Florida Water Management District

Date of Action

08312009

Pending

51 Ground Water Remedy Discussions

The ground water pump-and-treat remedy selected in the 1996 ROD has not been implemented due to potential complications arising from commingling ofthe Sites ground water contaminants with those from the adjacent Alaric Site A Pilot Study and Interini Monitoring Work Plan was approved by EPA and implementation began in August 2009 The Work Plan describes the investigafion of chemical injecfions to enhance and facilitate natural physical and biological degradation rates for contaminants in the sulfiir area and in the xylene area The study is designed to assess the following questions

bull Is degradation occurring under pilot conditions

bull Can aquifer geochemistry be adjusted to facilitate remediafion

bull What is the longevity of amendments being injected

28

bull What zone of discharge is developed following injection and what is the expected duration ofthe zone of discharge

The study was scheduled to continue for 12 months with a contingency period of another 12 months if necessary At the conclusion ofthe study these questions will be addressed to detennine next steps in selecting an appropriate ground water remedy for the Site A final report documenting the effecfiveness ofthe first full year ofthe treatability study was not available at the fime this FYR report was drafted therefore a decision regarding whether to implement the additional 12 month contingency period had also not been made

52 Xylene Source Area Discussions

As noted in Section 51 EPA approved the Pilot Study and Interini Monitoring Work Plan in 2009 Per the Work Plan two rounds of nutrient and electron acceptor substrate were injected in the xylene area in late 2009 The injections are expected to enhance natural degradafion rates of xylene and BHCs sampling is being conducted every 60 days The study was scheduled to continue for 12 months with a contingency period of another 12 months if necessary A final report documenting the effectiveness ofthe first full year ofthe treatability study was not available at the time this FYR report was drafted therefore a decision regarding whether to implement the additional 12 month contingency period had also not been made

53 Institutional Controls Evaluation

At the request of FDEP the appropriate land use restrictions for the Site has not been yet been implemented While the ground water remedy is being assessed some interim institutional controls to protect against exposure to ground water contamination have been implemented The Site is presently surrounded by a secured perimeter fence that only pennits access to the property by authorized persons during regular business hours Helena Chemical Company intends to continue Site operations for the foreseeable future and does not intend to sell or lease the property so there is minimal potential for a party to unknowingly become exposed to Site soil or sediment contaniination or to impact the protectiveness ofthe remedial actions already in place The operating facility parcel is zoned light industrial the three Helena Woods parcels are zoned as either vacant land or as a mobile home park The local Planning Commission anticipates all four parcels will be zoned for heavy industrial use in the future which remains consistent with the industrial criteria used in selection of cleanup goals for the Site

EPA has also taken steps to limit the potential for exposure to contaminated Site ground water while ground water treatment pilot testing activities are completed In September 2008 EPA Region 4 and the Southwest Florida Water Management District (SWFWMD) entered into a Memorandum of Agreement regarding Site ground water Per the agreement EPA provides SWFWMD with infonnation regarding the area of ground water impacted or potentially impacted by the Site and SWFWMD acts as the regulatory authority to implement and enforce ground water use restrictions at and near

29

the Site The ground water area impacted by the Site is designated as Zone A marking the contamination zone and Zone B marking a buffer area surrounding Zone A The agreement stipulates that EPA must conduct a well survey of Zones A and B at least once every five years to identify any new wells constructed or operafing since the previous survey EPA remedial project manager (RPM) Galo Jackson conducted the first well survey concurrenfiy with the FYR Site inspection and identified two wells (Figure 2) One well was located along East 9 Avenue on the EQ Florida property in Zone A The second well was located along East 7 Avenue on the RampL Metals property in Zone B SWFWMD was notified of these wells in September 2010 The well in Zone A is currenUypemiitted for industrial use by EQ Florida and the well in Zone B has been plugged and abandoned on the RampL Metals property

SWFWMD has the authority to impose reasonable condifions necessary to protect the applicable water source and to prevent the spread of ground or surface water contaminafion For well construcfion pennits such conditions include prohibiting use of the well as a potable water supply requiring notice to well owners of potential ground water contamination or requiring specific methods ofconstruction Under Florida Administrafive Code (FAC) Rule 40D-3505(3) SWFWMD will deny an application for a well construction pemiit for activity in Zone A if use ofthe well would increase the potential for hanii to public health safety and welfareor if the proposed well would degrade the water quality ofthe aquifer by causing pollutants to spread

30

60 Five-Year Review Process

61 Administrative Components

EPA Region 4 initiated the FYR in May 2010 and scheduled its completion for January 2011 The EPA site review team was led by EPA RPM Galo Jackson and also included EPA site attomey Kevin Beswick EPA Community Involvement Coordinator (CIC) LTonya Spencer and contractor support provided to EPA by Christy Fielden and Sabrina Foster of E Inc In May 2010 EPA held a scoping call with the review team to discuss the Site and itenis of interest as they related to the protectiveness ofthe remedy cunently in place A review schedule was established that consisted ofthe following activities

Community notification Document review Data collection and review Site inspection Local interviews FYR Report development and review

62 Community Involvement

In January 2011 a public notice was published in the Tampa Tribune announcing the commencement ofthe FYR process for the Site providing contact information for RPM Galo Jackson and CIC LTonya Spencer and invifing community participation was published The press notice is available in Appendix B The FYR report will be made available to the public once it has been finalized Copies ofthis docunient will be placed in the designated site repository University of South Florida Library located at 4202 East Fowler Avenue Tampa Florida 33620 Upon completion ofthe FYR a public notice will be placed in the Tampa Tribune to announce the availability ofthe final FYR report in the Sites document repository

63 Document Review

This FYR included a review of relevant site-related documents including the ROD remedial action reports and recent monitoring data A complete list ofthe documents reviewed can be found in Appendix A

ARARs Review

Section 121(d)(2)(A) of CERCLA specifies that Superfund remedial actions must meet any federal standards requirements criteria or limitations that are detennined to be applicable or relevant and appropriate requirements (ARARs) ARARs are those standards criteria or limitations promulgated under federal or state law that specifically address a hazardous substance pollutant contaminant remedial action locafion or other circumstance at a CERCLA site To-Be-Considered criteria (TBCs) are non-promulgated

31

advisories and guidance that are not legally binding but should be considered in detennining the necessary level of cleanup for protection of human health or the environment While TBCs do not have the status of ARARs EPAs approach to detemiining ifan RA is protective of hunian health and the environment involves consideration of TBCs along with ARARs

Chemical-specific ARARs are specific numerical concentration restrictions on individually listed contaminants in specific media Examples of chemical-specific ARARs include the MCLs specified under the Safe Drinking Water Act as well as the ambient water quality criteria enumerated under the Clean Water Act Because there are usually numerous contaminants of potential concem for any Site various numerical quanfity requirements can be ARARs The final remedy selected for this Site was designed to meet or exceed all chemical-specific ARARs and meet location- and action-specific ARARs

Ground Water

According to the 1996 ROD cleanup goals for the nine ground water COCs were selected to ensure that remaining ground water concentrations would not exceed the 1 x 10~ risk level for carcinogens a Hazard Quotient (HQ) of 1 for non-carcinogens under an industrial land use scenario The cleanup goals for 44-DDT endosulfan 1 and endosulfan II were selected based on health-based criteria The site-specific health-based cleanup goal for 44-DDT was less stringent than Floridas ground water guidance and the ROD notes that the cleanup goal may need to be revisited in the future to obtain FDEPs agreement with deletion ofthe Site from the NPL upon completion of cleanup activities

Cleanup goals for aldrin alpha-BHC beta-BHC and dieldrin were based on the Florida Groundwater Guidance Concentration which is a TBC for the Site The cleanup goal for total xylene listed in the 1996 ROD was selected based on the State secondary MCL but was later modified in the 2005 ESD to be consistent with federal and State primary MCLs The cleanup goal for gamma-BHC was selected based on federal and State MCLs

The ARARs for aldrin alpha-BHC beta-BHC and dieldrin were compared to the current Florida Groundwater and Surface Water Contaminant Cleanup Target Levels (62 FAC 777) which is the cuirent State guidance on acceptable ground water contaminant concentrations (Table 4) The ARARs for all four of these COCs have become more stringent since the signing ofthe 1996 ROD The cleanup goals for gamma-BHC and total xylene were compared with National Primary Drinking Water regulations (40 CFR 141-143) and FDEP Drinking Water Standards Monitoring and Reporting Requirements (62 FAC 550310) The cleanup goals for gamma-BHC and total xylene remain the same as in the 1996 ROD and 2005 ESD respectively This review did not find that the assumptions used in calculation ofthe site-specific health-based cleanup goals for 44-DDT endosulfan I and endosulfan II had changed

32

Table 4 Previous and 2010 ARARs for Ground Water COCs

Contaminant of Concern bull bull bull bull ^ - gt J j J bull

44-DDT Aldrin Alpha-BHC Beta-BHC Gamma-BHC Dieldrin Endosulfan I Endosulfan II Total xvlenes

1996 ROD ARAROigL)

03 005 005 01 02 01 2 2

20

2005 ESD ARAR (ugL) r

mdash -mdash mdash mdash mdash mdash mdash

10000

2010 ARAR (UgL)

03 0002 0006 002 02-

0002= 2 7

10000

ARAR Change y - y bull

None More Stringent More Stringent More Stringent

None More Stringent

None None None

a Site-specific health-based standaid selecled to ensure tlial remaining ground waler concenirations would nol exceed lhe 1 x 10 risk level for carcinogens an HQ of 1 Ior non-carcinogens or the inslRimenl quantitation limit under an industrial land use scenaiio

b Cleanup goal selecled based on Florida Groundwater Guidance Concenlralion which is a TBC for ihc Sile c Cleanup goal selecled based on federal and Florida MCLs d Cleanup goal selected based on Florida secondary MCLs e Florida Groundwater and Surface Waler Cleanup Target Levels are available al

lmpAvwwdepslatenuswasicqiiick ionicsrulcsdocunieiils62-777TablelGroundwalciCTLs4-l 7-05ndllaccessed 8122010) A comparison of Floridas 1999 and 2005 Groundwater and Surface Waler Cleanup Target Levels is available al hllpu-vvvvdenslatenuswaslequick lopicsnublicalionswcbrownlicldsConipTabiesGroundwalerandSurli ccVValerCieaniipTartJelL evelspdf

f Cunent MCLs are based on federal (40 CFR 141-1431 and slate (62 FAC 550310) drinking waler slandards Federal standards are based on Nalional Primary and Secondaiy Drinking Waler Maximum Contaminant Levels (IU(p7valcrcpacovdrinkconlaininanlsindexcrniSLisi accessed S122010) and slale standards are based on Florida Slale Drinking Waler Synthetic Organic Conlajuinanls and their Slandards (hU|iwwwdcpslalciluswalerdrinkinswalersvn conlum accessed S122010)

g Gamma-BHC is lisied as lindane in federal and state MCLs

64 Data Review

Confinnatory sampling for the 2000 pesticide area removal action and for the 2004 and 2005 sulfijr area removal actions was perfonned immediately following the removals Surface soil and sediment with COC concentrations above industrial use cleanup goals had been effectively removed and no further sampling or OampM activities are required for surface soil and sediment

Ground water pilot test activities cunently underway include baseline sampling and four subsequent sampling events for the sulfur area (Table 5) and the xylene area (Table 6) The treatability study sampling events have been implemented as follows

Baseline sampling in August 2009 60-Day Event sampling in November 2009 120-Day Event sampling in January 2010 180-Day Event sampling in March 2010 and 240-Day Event sampling in May 2010

The pilot test is invesfigating methods for the biological and physical degradation of Site contaminants Follow-up sampling analyzes various aqueous geochemical parameters in addition to contaminant concentrations Per the EPA-approved work plan routine sampling analyses include four of the nine ground water COCs alpha-BHC beta-BHC

33

gamma-BHC and total xylenes in addition to various other contaminants and break-down products

In both the sulfur area and the xylene area ground water concentrations of alpha-BHC beta-BHC and gamma-BHC have predominantly remained consistent with baseline sampling levels and largely remain elevated above cleanup goals for the Site In the sulfur area total xylene concentrations in ground water when detected are well below the cleanup goal of 10000 igL The xylene release at the Site occurred downgradient from the fomier sulfur pit and these low concentrations of xylene are consistent with expectations for this area In the xylene area total xylene concentrations are responding to the treatment showing declines below the cleanup goal in several wells (eg X3U X5U X9U and XI IU) but showing increasing concentrations in other wells (eg X6D X7U and X8D) Only data fromthe first nine months ofthe treatability study were mdash available at the time this FYR report was being drafted detennination ofthe effectiveness of these treatments must wait until the study has been completed

Ofthe site-related VOCs present in the ground water plume only xylene and possibly ethylbenzene are present in the surficial aquifer and poses a potential vapor intrusion concem Remedial contractor EnSafe Inc included an updated total xylene plume map as Figure 5-5 in the 2009 Pilot Test and Interim Monitoring Work Plan This figure shows that concentrations at or above the xylene ground vater cleanup goal are located on the Helena Chemical Conipany property along the CSX Railroad right-of-way or under the railroad tracks The few buildings within this plume area are open-sided warehouse structures on the Helena Chemical Company property and thus a vapor intmsion assessment has not been necessary

Table 5 Sulfur Area Pilot Test COC Detections in Ground Water to Date

Well Sampled

Sampling Event

(Cleanup Goal)

COCs and Detected Concentrations (pgL)

Alpha-BHC

(005 pgL)

Beta-BHC -yy (01 pgL)

Gamma-BHC

(02 pgL)

Total Xylenes

(10000 pgL)

Ecw Plot Wells

SETIU

SET2D

SET3U

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

23 D

31

17

19

24

44 D

39

26

26

38

22

19

33 J

36 1

4

25

29

12 D

045

056

059

086

3

41

43 J

68

42

57

52

11 D

066

044

047

07

55

39 1

191

NA

0461

NA

31

U

NA

033 I

NA

082

58

NA

34

J y -Well

Sampled

SET4D

SET5U

SET6D

SET7U

SET8D

Sampling Event

(Cleanup Goal)

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

1 so-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

y y j COCs and Detected Concentrations (pgL)

Alpha-BHC

(005 pgL)

17

17

28

41 D

62

37

3

37

21 D

bull 17

13

26

34

97 D

46

44

28

63

12

14

11

11

14

47

36

32

39

47

Beta-BHC

(OI pgL)

33

21

3

061 J

15

094

0461

- 068

36

41

47

4

61

12

12

095

078 1

075

13

16 1

13

15

15

087

073

064

08 1

076

Gamma-BHC

(02 pgL)

44

341

57

074 J

087

12

046 1

- - 052

39

37 1

31

51

48

11

082 1

05

04 1

043

32

27

28

23

28

1

14

11

1 I

095

Total Xylenes

(10000 pgL)

86

NA

7

171

NA

11 1

NA

036

64

NA

3

NA

39

25

NA

76

NA

56

21

NA

35

NA

15

U

NA

33

NA

17

laquocv Plot Wells

SWTIU

SWT2D

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

1 so-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

19 IJ

099

14

13

22

048 J

U

U

0031

063 J

053

052

06

075

023 J

U

U

014

U

032

038

03

059

U

U

U

000941

U

NA

U

NA

U

0441

NA

07 1

NA

35

Well Sampled

SWT3U

SWT4D

SWT5U

SWT6D

SWT7U

SWT8D

-bull i

Sampling Event

(Cleanup Goal)

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

COCs and Detected Concentrations (pgL)

Alpha-BHC

(005 pgL)

U

075 J

18

13

14

22

073

018 --

U

U

U

51

U

16

41

18

037 J

073

056

057

061

039

029

045

059

073

028

02

015

016

011

Beta-BHC

(01 pgL)

U

021

079

035

033

047

036

- 0094

U

U

U

26

23

093

022 1

036

029 1

033

022

U

026

03

039

047

057

051

U

013

011

U

0056

Gamtiia-BHC

(02 pgL)

U

u 029

0084

019

022

U

012

011

012

U

24

24

08

052

U

U

0031 I

U

U

U

U

U

u u u u

00171

002 I J

U

U

Total Xylenes

(10000 pgL)

U n

NA

U

NA

069

U

NA

U

NA

U

72

NA

73

NA

60

36

NA

U

NA

U

U

NA

U

NA

U

92

NA

U

NA

U

D value reported from second diluiion 1 eslimaled valuebelow reporting limil J eslimaled value NA nol analyzed U undetected fitilic- COC was detected bul concentration was below cleanup goal

36

Table 6 Xylene Area Pilot Test COC Detections in Ground Water to Date

yy-

J j Well Sampled

XIU

X2D

X3U

X4D

X5U

X6D

X7U

Sampling Event

(Cleanup Goal)

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

_Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

COCs and Detected Concentrations (pgL)

Alpha-BHC

(005 pgL)

8 D

NA

NA

56

NA

71

NA

NA

58 J

NA

15D

NA

NA

15

NA

12D

NA

NA

23

NA

78 D

NA

NA

44 J

NA

52 D

NA

NA

28 J

NA

61 D

NA

NA

46

NA

Beta-BHC

(01 pgL)

19 D

NA

NA

13 J

NA

17

NA

NA

17J

NA

3 J

NA

NA

36

NA

13J

NA

NA

13 1

NA

093 ID

NA

NA

08 J

NA

091 ID

NA

NA

07 J

NA

12D

NA

NA

089

NA

Gamma-BHC

(02 pgL)

U

NA

NA

U

NA

071 I

NA

NA

14 J

NA

046 J

NA

NA

bull056

NA

42 J

NA

NA

82

NA

U

NA

NA

O I J

NA

38 D

NA

NA

2 J

NA

U

NA

NA

U

NA

Total Xylene

(10000 pgL)

200

13

11

23

29

180

56

54

150

42

23000

11000

13000

1400

4500

19000

12000

19000

22000

15000

18000

21000

20000

3200

13000

3000

1100

6000

40000

3000

24000

31000

37000

81000

34000

37

Well Sampled

X8D

X9U

bull XIOD

X l l U

X12D

Sampling Event

(Cleanup Goal)

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

COCs and Detected Concentrations (pgL)

Alpha-BHC

(005 pgL)

57

NA

NA

21 J

NA

39

NA

NA

53

NA

43

NA

NA

59

NA

81

NA

NA

49

NA

39

NA

NA

56

NA

Beta-BHC

(01 pgL)

14

NA

NA

018 U

NA

021 I

NA

NA

026 J

NA

049

NA

NA

061 I

NA

097

NA

NA

075 1

NA

064 1

NA

NA

093 ID

NA

Gamma-BHC

(02 pgL)

12

NA

NA

057 U

NA

025 1

NA

NA

017 J

NA

45

NA

NA

7

NA

U

NA

NA

U

NA

16

NA

NA

34

NA

Total Xylene

(10000 pgL)

960

7100

27000

19000

5700

22000

14000

35000

2700

950

770

260

780

760

540

14000

3800

1600

600

11000

4900

250

I I00

5800

9300 D value reponed from second dilution 1 eslimaled value below reponing limit J estimated value NA nol analyzed U not applicable Ilalics COC was delecled bul concenlralion was below cleanup goal

38

65 Site Inspection

On July 8 2010 the site inspection was perfomied by the following participants Galo Jackson of EPA Region 4 Edward Brister ofthe Helena Chemical Coinpany and Christy Fielden and Sabrina Foster of E~ Inc The completed Site inspection checklist is available in Appendix D Photographs were taken of site features including monitoring wells and access controls (Appendix E)

The Site has been in continuous operation since 1929 as an agricultural chemical manufacturing and distributing facility The bulk of chemical fonnulation activifies have been moved off-site to a different Helena Cheinical Coinpany facility in Georgia however some formulation and packaging of insecticidal spray oil and liquid fertilizers still occur at the Site The Site also serves as Helena Chemical Companys main-distribution warehouse for sales locations in the State of Florida

The Site inspection was led by Mr Ed Brister the Engineering Safety Health and Environment Director for the Helena Chemical Company who provided a tour ofthe full Helena Chemical Coinpany property indicating where remedial actions had been implemented and explaining the locations and associated activifies of current pilot testing for the ground water treatability study Several monitoring and injection wells were located during the Site inspection all active site wells were properly secured or had been appropriately abandoned Injection and monitoring wells for the adjacent Alaric Site were noted on the Helena Woods area ofthe Site but were not inspected since they are related to a different site The Site is well maintained and has a secure perimeter fence and clear signage in place Unauthorized persons are restricted from accessing the property outside of regular business hours

Evaluation and implementafion of institutional controls were discussed during the Site inspection Several interim institutional controls have been implemented for the Site and final institutional controls including land use restrictions will be evaluated and implemented if necessary once the current pilot-scale ground water remedy treatability study has concluded and a revised ground water remedy has been selected Zoning designations and the Helena Chemical Companys intention to continue operations at the Site for the foreseeable future liniit the potential for inappropriate land uses or on-site operations incompatible with remedy components in place EPA has also implemented ground water institutional controls through a Memorandum of Agreement with SWFWMD

On July 7 2010 E Inc staff conducted research regarding Site deed infonnation at the Hillsborough County Deed Records Office The approximately eight-acre Site is situated on four parcels of land 1) 65-acre Parcel A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000220 2) 088-acre Parcel A-14-29-I9-4CA-000000-000320 3) 092-acre Parcel A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000330 and 4) 017-acre Parcel A-14-29-19-4CE-000003-000010 (Figure 4) Deed records for the four parcels could not be located in the online database or microfilm collection at the deeds office Galo Jackson EPA RPM for the Site was infonned that the deeds could not be located and conducted a title search for the property through EPA

39

databases but was also unable to locate deed records According to the Hillsborough County Property Appraisers Office all four parcels are presently owned by Helena Chemical Company The active cheinical distribufion warehouse is located on Parcel A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000220

On July 8 2010 E Inc staff visited the designated local Site repository at the University of South Florida Library located at 4202 East Fowler Avenue Tampa Florida 33620 as part ofthe site inspection The site repository contained fourteen volumes of administrative documents and other infonnation pertaining to the Site This infomiation included documentation ofthe initial remedial investigation and feasibility study as well as a copy ofthe 1996 ROD The 2005 ESD and 2006 FYR could not be located at the time ofthe Site inspection but were provided to the library by RPM Galo Jackson on January 212011

The 1996 ROD called for institutional controls to be put in place as part of both the soil and sediment remedy and the ground water remedy (Table 7) According to the ROD soil and sediment institutional controls were to include deed restrictions Fencing was to provide an engineering control The Site is presently surrounded by a secured perimeter fence and access gates are locked outside of nonnal business hours The operating facility parcel is currently zoned as light industrial and the Helena Woods parcels are zoned as vacant land and a mobile home park The local Planning Commission anficipates rezoning all four parcels for heavy industrial use The fiature anficipated land use is consistent with the industrial exposure criteria used in the selection of Site cleanup goals The ROD also called for deed restrictions to restrict the use of site-impacted ground water on and off the Site in order to limit exposure to contaminated ground water until cleanup goals are achieved EPA and FDEP are in discussions regarding the restrictive covenant in order to prevent fijture exposure to Site soil A 2008 Memorandum of Agreement between EPA Region 4 and SWFWMD addresses the need to restrict the use of site-related ground water The agreement establishes regular communication between the two agencies and affinns SWFWMDs regulatory authority to implement and enforce ground water use restrictions at the Site This authority addresses well constmction pemiits restrictions on use of wells for potable water supply and requirements that well owners be notified of ground water contaniination that may impact their wells At the request ofthe FDEP once the treatability study is completed and a revised ground water remedy for the Site has been selected the need for additional ground water institutional controls will be reevaluated and the existing institutional controls will be modified or new institufional controls will be implemented as appropriate

40

Figure 4 Site Parcel Map

c

ir Pirtplm ( ^ r | [ i Vjrtrl ID ^r-iti-v-lt 14UtKu^iraquoiii 0

A u raquo114CA O cac i ao aociit o

1 U raquo 19 4CilltXXgt0la 000130

1laquo2raquo lraquo-CIltCT0lf7 0iraquo(l l

M laquo n lt ) laquo l lt raquo i i o D r poDin o bull i 4 m laquo - laquo i F o o a n i j - a x u ^ i

A 1lt 2 19 ICAdWOOO tUGStO

laquo bull raquo 2raquo 1laquo bullCtOOOOOI-OXWlO

laquollaquo-raquo-19-fCAltraquo)0CWgt-00Mlaquo C

A14-V41V( I 40uai IKAll lO

AM 29 1V4CE aJDOM aODIIlJ)

laquo Ll 29 raquo 2ZZ D a m B 7K1D9

laquobull I t-J ]9-4claquoltnnraquoiKnraquo o

A-i4-raquo-]laquoltif (KU)ittMraquoaii] u A 14 J 9 14 laquoCA IXHIraquoDC(Xrli t

A 14 29 1raquo 4CA OOOOOOOMUO

raquo 1 4 29-19-4CE OOOOOI-OWWO A- l J9- )bullbulllaquo s wnmn-flooiM t A 14-29- UI4ig4IOOM94UOraquolgt

A 14 2laquo 19 4C9 OODOOl 400070

M-raquo-H 4C8laquo)000(K)OOaj I

A r H - i S i v - t c A H n x i M m i i a i A^14)l|1laquo-t(jt-0(lIMCH3Xl^ I

14 2 raquo 19-4Cpound 000001000012

A U 29- U 4 a OOOOOKXWOl-O

raquo 14 29 19 -4a oaoooraquolaquo)oolaquoo

14 j m ^ c o o n w i ^ n o i o n

A-14-2ltl-tW l-UCtitKMfiOagtlil Atlt29 iraquo4(xiioaaoii-iioagtio

A 14 29 1raquo4CA DOaOOO-OOQlSJ

A-tlaquo ZHIUCA-IKOOIXMKICOZ 0

AH-Jlaquoltllaquoiiraquo-TOKIC8-0lltIlU 0

A-]429iezzz-i)iiaxB-7Moao

A 14 29 194CAlaquoXI00Ca0ata0

A 1429^ i9-4CA-iicaaixi-ooa2a 2

A14 29-19 4CHIOOlaquogt7KIlaquoIraquo 0

A-14 JV tlaquo-laquoii -uxiot-nnDi i

A14 2laquo ilaquo-4CAiiooacii]-aaoigo A 14 23 LO 4CMI00Oraquo OOOOlO

A 14 29-isacE-oooora-aotrao

A-t4-ii-lraquo-laquo A-ooooawwoK o

A lA-2V^lraquot(A-Igt]ltKcll-IIIiaiI I

A 14-29 19-raquoCf oocoos acooi-o

A 14 29 19 ACI OOmOl-OCOOll

A-W-29-19-4CI-aXK)07-OOOOTjO

Arl4-Jraquo llti-4n-O30O3V00COI c

A l4 2raquo l9 4Ulaquoraquo006-OOOa24l

A 14 29 19 4 a 000004 OOOOSjO

A 14 29-19-4CC-D0O00aOO0a3lCI

A t raquo 29-19-laquotA4laquoIO0OT-00CO9O

bull i4-2raquo^iltM( A-oniucu IXUltl 0

A 14 2raquo 19gt4CA4gt0O(ICa OOOISXI

A 14 raquo 1raquo4CA DOOOOO 00014 1

Legend

I Site Parcels

I ^ _ J site Boundary

AjiprowmatBBoundary o tSurfc ia l Aquiter Ground Whter Pfume |

Approximate Boundary of in tennedia te Aquieet Sys t em Ground w a t e r R u m e

A i Parcels

Helena Chemical Company Superfund Site Tampa Hillsborough County Florida

Disc la imer Th i s m a p and any b o u n d a r y l ines w i th in the m a p a re a p p r o x i m a t e a n d subject to c h a n g e T h e m a p is not a survey T h e m a p is for

informat ional pu rposes only r ega rd ing E P A s r e s p o n s e ac t ions at t h e Si te and is not in tended for any o the r purpose

41

Table 7 Institutional Control (IC) Summary Table

Media

Ground Water

Soil and Sediment

ICs Needed

Yes

Yes

ICs Called for in the Decision Documents

Yes

Yes

IC Objective

Restrict use of contaminated ground water to limit exposure until cleanup goals are achieved

Restrict land uses to industrial or similar

The 1996 ROD also listed fencing as an institutional control for soil and sed not been included above because it is considered an engineering control

Instrument in Place

The 1996 ROD called for deed notices as the institutional control instrument These have not been implemented However a 2008 Memorandum of Agreement between EPA and SWFWMD confirms SWFWMDs regulatory authority to restrict well constmction restrict well use as a potable water source and requiring that well owners benotified of ground water contamination that may impact their wells This authority applies to on-site parcels as well as off-site parcels covering the entire area affected by site-related ground water contamination

The land use restrictions called for in the 1996 ROD have not been implemented however Helena Chemical Company has maintained operations at the Site tliroughout remedial activities and intends to continue Site operations for the foreseeable future A restrictive covenant will be placed on the Site to ensure the Site is only used for industrial purposes The operating facility parcel is presently zoned for light industrial use and all four parcels will soon be rezoned for heavy industrial use which is consistent with the industrial exposure criteria used in selecting cleanup goals for the Site A secure perimeter fence restricts access to the Site limiting the potential for inadvertent soil exposure

ment source control however this has

42

66 Interviews

During the FYR process interviews were conducted with parties impacted by the Site including the current landowners and regulatory agencies involved in Site activities or aware ofthe Site The purpose ofthe interviews was to document the perceived status of the Site and any perceived problems or successes with the phases ofthe remedy that have been implemented to date Intei^views with Mr Jackson and Mr Brister were conducted during the site inspection on July 8 2010 Interviews with Ms Milicic and Ms Yeargan were conducted via e-mail on August 23 2010 and September 27 2010 respectively Several nearby businesses were also contacted but declined or did not have interest in being interviewed about the Site Interviews are summarized below and complete interviews are included in Appendix C

Galo Jackson Mr Jackson is the EPA RPM for the Site Mr Jackson indicates that a pilot-scale treatability study for site ground water is presently underway Results are being routinely shared with EPA and FDEP while there have been many challenges and it is still too early to detennine whether the treatments being explored can effecfively address ground water contamination he is hopeful that the treatments will be successful He has not received any complaints or inquiries from the community in the past five years and is not aware of any effects the Site may have had on the surrounding community He is pleased with the regular updates and infonnation he receives from the remedial contractor EnSafe Inc

Edward Brister Mr Brister is the Engineering Safety Health and Environinent Director for the Helena Chemical Conipany Mr Brister indicates that he is pleased with progress at the Site and believes that the remedial activities taken to date are perfomiing successfully He feels well infonned about activities and progress at the Site He does not know of any effects that the Site has had on the surrounding cominunity beyond the potential for Superfiind stigma which is common at many similar sites Mr Brister indicates that there is one residence in the area ofthe Site and that the owners a couple had expressed concems to him in the past He notes that the couple was temporarily relocated during removal activities in 2000 and again during sulfijr area removal actions in 2004 and 2005 Other than his discussions with the couple who were temporarily relocated he has not heard any complaints or concems from the cominunity regarding the Site

Karen Milicic Ms Milicic is the FDEP project manager for the Site Ms Milicic thinks that activities at the Site are making progress in addressing site COCs She is aware ofthe treatability study work that is presently underway and feels very well infonned regarding progress at the Site She believes that it is sfill too early to comment on the effectiveness ofthe current treatments being explored for ground water at the Site as the treatability study has not yet concluded She is not aware of any complaints or inquiries regarding the Site over the last five years

Mary Yeargan Ms Yeargan is the Environmental Protection Commission of Hillsborough County project manager for the Site Ms Yeargan has been involved at the

43

Site for many years and participated in the previous 2006 FYR site inspection She indicates that the Site is situated in an area that is impacted by multiple Superfijnd sites as well as other facilities that contribute to blight in the area She acknowledges that the Site may contribute to some more general community concems about the presence of Superfijnd sites in the area but she does not think that the Site specifically has been the source of concem within the larger area Since the 2006 FYR Ms Yeargan has received one complaint about potential ground water contaniination that a community member thought may have resulted from one ofthe area Superfund sites The well was tested by the Department of Public Health contamination was not detected in the sampling and the well was found to be safe for continued use She is not aware of any changes in laws or land use in the area that would impact the Site Given the shortage of lands available for heavy industrial uses she thinks it would be unlikely for the zoning ofthe parcels that compose the Site-to be changed to anything other than heavy industrial-She feels welf infomied about site activities and remains in regular communication as needed with EPA RPM Galo Jackson

44

70 Technical Assessment

71 Question A Is the remedy functioning as intended by the decision documents

The review of documents ARARs risk assumptions and the Site inspection indicate that the Sites soil remedy is functioning as intended by Site decision documents for soil and sediment Pesticide-contaminated surface soil and sediment at the Site and the adjacent CSX railway line east drainage ditch were excavated and shipped offsite for biological treatment and disposal Contaminated soil and residual sulfur were also excavated and shipped offsite for disposal Since there is commingling ofthe Sites ground water plumes with those ofthe adjacent Alaric Site the pump-and-treat ground water remedy selected in the 1996 ROD may not cunently be appropriate to implement at the Site until

- the Alaric Sites plumes have been remediated Helena Chemical Conipany proposed a pilot-scale treatability study to evaluate the feasibility of biological and physical ground water contaminant degradation The Work Plan for this treatability study was approved by EPA in August 2009 The study is currently underway and was scheduled to conclude by the fourth quarter of 2010 with a contingency period of another 12 months if necessary A final report documenting the effectiveness ofthe first fijll year ofthe treatability study was not available at the time this FYR report was drafted therefore a decision regarding whether to implement the additional 12 month contingency period had also not been made The final results ofthe treatability study will be used to infonn the selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site In the event that the treatability study is not successful EPA may consider additional avenues to approach remediation including additional excavation

The 1996 ROD selected the implementation of institutional controls in the form of deed restrictions for soil sediment and ground water to limit exposure to site-related contamination Fencing was also required by the 1996 ROD Land use restrictions have not been implemented for the Site however some interim institutional controls to protect against exposure to ground water contamination have been implemented Helena Chemical Company intends to confinue Site operations for the foreseeable future and has no intention to sell lease or transfer any portion ofthe Site Cunent and future zoning designations are consistent with the industrial land use criteria used in selection of Site COC cleanup goals In 2008 EPA entered into a Memorandum of Agreement with the SWFWMD The document confirms SWFWMDs regulatory authority to place restrictions on well placement and constmction Through shared infomiation between the two agencies SWFWMD can make infomied pennitting and enforcement decisions to prevent exposure to ground water contamination that could pose a risk to hunian health No impacted ground water wells are used for potable water buildings at the Site and in the surrounding area are connected to municipal water supply lines The need for additional institufional controls will be evaluated upon selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site

The Site is well-maintained and is surrounded by a secured perimeter fence with signs restricting access Access is limited to authorized persons during regular business hours

45

All site-related wells are secured or if no longer operational have been properly abandoned

72 Question B Are the exposure assumptions toxicity data cleanup levels and remedial action objectives (RAOs) used at the time of remedy selection still valid

The ARARs for four ofthe nine ground water COCs aldrin alpha-BHC beta-BHC and dieldrin have become more stringent since the signing ofthe 1996 ROD During the current ground water treatability study both alpha-BHC and beta-BHC have been detected at levels greater than the RODs less stringent cleanup goals for these COCs Remedial activities at the Site have allowed the continued industrial use ofthe property and have reduced ecological risk at the Site The selection of a revised ground water remedy is required before achieving the remaining two RAOs 1) protection of ground water from continued degradation by Site contaminants and 2) reduction of risk to human health within EPAs acceptable risk range Residual soil contamination remains present below the water table and the ground water plume continues to exceed cleanup goals The industrial land use at the Site and in the surrounding area is unchanged since the ROD was signed therefore the exposure assumpfions are still valid Benzene and ethylbenzene are being detected in the groundwater at concentrations above the primary drinking-water standards

73 Question C Has any other information come to light that could call into question the protectiveness ofthe remedy

No other infomiation has come to light that could call into question the protectiveness of the remedy

74 Technical Assessment Summary

The review of documents ARARs risk assumptions and the Site inspection indicate that the Sites soil remedy is functioning as intended by Site decision documents for soil and sediment Pesticide-contaminated surface soil and sediment at the Site and the adjacent CSX railway line east drainage ditch were excavated and shipped offsite for biological treatment and disposal Contaminated soil and residual sulfur were also excavated and shipped off-site for disposal Since there is commingling ofthe Sites ground water plumes with those ofthe adjacent Alaric Site the pump-and-treat ground water remedy selected in the 1996 ROD may not currently be appropriate to implement at the Site until the Alaric Sites plumes have been remediated Helena Chemical Company proposed a pilot-scale treatability study to evaluate the feasibility of biological and physical ground water contaminant degradafion The work plan for this treatability study was approved by EPA in August 2009 The study is currenfiy underway and was scheduled to conclude by the fourth quarter of 2010 vvith a contingency period of another 12 months if necessary A final report documenting the effectiveness ofthe first full year ofthe treatability study was not available at the time this FYR report was drafted therefore a decision regarding whether to implement the additional 12 month contingency period had also not been made The final results ofthe treatability study will be used to infonn the selection of a

46

revised ground water remedy for the Site In the event that the treatability study is not successful EPA may consider addifional avenues to approach remediation including additional excavation

The ARARs for four ofthe nine ground water COCs aldrin alpha-BHC beta-BHC and dieldrin have become more stringent since the signing ofthe 1996 ROD During the current ground water treatability study both alpha-BHC and beta-BHC have been detected at levels greater than the cuirent less-stringent cleanup goal for these COCs Remedial activities at the Site have allowed the continued industrial use ofthe property and have reduced ecological risk at the Site The selection of a revised ground water remedy is required before achieving the remaining two RAOs 1) protection of ground water from confinued degradation by Site contaminants and 2) reduction of risk to

-human health within EPAs acceptable risk range Residual soil contaniination remains present below the water table and the ground water plume continues to exceed cleanup goals The industrial land use at the Site and in the surrounding area has not changed since the ROD was signed therefore the exposure assumptions are still valid

The 1996 ROD selected the implementation of institutional controls in the fomi of deed restrictions for soil sediment and ground water to liinit exposure to site-related contamination Fencing was also required by the 1996 ROD Land use restrictions have not been implemented for the Site however some interim institufional controls to protect against exposure to ground water contamination have been implemented Helena Chemical Company intends to continue Site operations for the foreseeable future and has no intention to sell lease or transfer any portion ofthe Site Current and future zoning designations are consistent with the industrial land use criteria used in selection of site COC cleanup goals In 2008 EPA entered into a Memorandum of Agreement with the SWFWMD The document confinns SWFWMDs regulatory authority to place restrictions on well placement and constmction Through shared infonnation between the two agencies SWFWMD can make infonned pemiitting and enforcement decisions to prevent exposure to ground water contamination that could pose a risk to hunian health No impacted ground water wells are used for potable water buildings at the Site and in the surrounding area are connected to municipal water supply lines The need for additional institutional controls will be evaluated upon selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site

The Site is well-maintained and is surrounded by a secured perimeter fence with signs restricting access Access is limited to authorized persons during regular business hours All site-related wells have been secured or if no longer operational have been properly abandoned

47

80 Issues

Table 8 summarizes the current site issues

Table 8 Current Site Issues

Issue

A revised ground water remedy for the Site has not been selected or implemented and sampling events continue to detect COC concentrations in ground water that are greater than cleanup goals Land use restrictions for the Site have not yet been implemented

Affects Current Protectiveness

(Yes or No)

No

No

Affects Future Protectiveness

(Yes or No)

Yes

Yes

48

90 Recommendations and Follow-up Actions

Table 9 provides recommendations to address the current site issues

Table 9 Recommendations to Address Current Site Issues

Issue

A revised groundshywater remedy for the Site has not been selected or mdash implemented and sampling events continue to detect COC concentrations in ground water that are greater than cleanup goals

Land use restrictions for the Site have not yet been implemented

Recommendations Follow-Up Actions

- At the conclusion ofthe current pilot study evaluate results and if appropriate docunient the selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site

A restrictive covenant will be concluded designed to ensure the Site remains industrial

Party Responsible

PRP

PRP

Oversight Agency

EPA

EPA

Milestone Date

01312012

01312012

Affects Protectiveness

(Yes or No) Current

No

No

Future

Yes

Yes

49

100 Protectiveness Statements

The Sites remedy currently protects huinan health and the environment in the short-tenn because it is functioning as intended by the Sites decision documents for soil and sediment Source materials have been excavated and removed for off-site treatment and disposal The selected ground water remedy has not yet been implemented due to concems with promoting migration ofthe ground water plume from the neighboring Alaric Site A pilot-scale bioremediafion treatability study is underway and will hopefully aid in the selecfion of a revised ground water remedy for the Site The affected surficial aquifer in the vicinity ofthe Site is not used for potable water supply and area residents and businesses are connected to municipal water supply In order for the remedy to be protective in the long-tenn issues conceming implementation of a revised ground water remedy and institutional controls should be addressed

50

110 Next Review

This Site is a statutory Site that requires ongoing FYRs as long as waste is left on site that does not allow for unrestricted use and unlimited exposure The next FYR will be due within five years ofthe signatureapproval date ofthis FYR

51

Appendix A List of Documents Reviewed

CERCLA Infonnafion System Site Infomiation accessed from website httpcfpubepa^ovsupercpadcursitescsitinfocfinid=0400674 Accessed May 12 2010

EPA Record of Decision Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) EPA ID FLD053502696 Prepared by US EPA Region 4 May 7 1996

Explanation of Significant Differences Helena Chemical Superfund Site Tampa Hillsborough County FL Prepared by US EPA Region 4 January 27 2005

First Five-Year Review Report for Helena Chemical Company Tampa Hillsborough County Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for US EPA Region 4 January 31 2006 mdash

First Quarter 2010 Pilot Test Implementation Report Helena Chemical Company Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Chemical Conipany July 7 2010

Fourth Quarter 2009 Pilot Test Implementation Report Helena Chemical Company Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Chemical Coinpany March 12 2010

Memorandum of Agreement between the US Environmental Protection Agency Region 4 Superfund Division and the Southwest Florida Water Management District September 11 2008

Pilot Test and Interini Monitoring Work Plan for the Helena Chemical Conipany Superfund Site Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Chemical Company June 30 2009

Pilot Test Implementation Report Helena Cheinical Company Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Chemical Company December 22 2009

Second Quarter 2010 Pilot Test Implementation Report Helena Chemical Conipany Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Chemical Company September 23 2010

Third Quarter 2009 Pilot Test Implementation Report Helena Chemical Company Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Cheinical Coinpany December 22 2009

A-l

Appendix B Press Notice

y PRoA^

U S Environmental Protection Agency Region 4 Announces a Five-Year Review for

the Helena Chemical Company Superfund Site Tampa Hillsborough Countj Florida

PurposeObjective The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is conducting a Five-Year Review ofthe remedy for the Helena Chemical Company Superfuiid site (Site) in Tampa Florida The purpose ofthe Five-Year Review is to ensure that the selected cleanup actions effectively protect human health and the environment

Site~Background The Site covers approximately eight acres and is located in the Orient Park industrial area in Tampa Floiida The ~ facility was built in 1929 as a chemical plant for the production of sulfur The initial owners manufactured wettable and dusting sulfur and formulated pesticides herbicides fungicides and fertilizers at the facility Helena Chemical Company purchased the property in 1967 and continued these manufacturing operations until 1981 The company moved its pesticide herbicide and fiingicide formulation operations to Georgia in 1981 but has continued to fonnulate insecticidal petroleum oil and liquid fertilizers at the facility Former manufacturing operations by Helena Chemical Company and its predecessors resulted in soil and ground water contamination EPA placed the Site on the National Priorities List (NPL) in October 1992

Cleanup Actions In 1996 EPA signed the Record of Decision (ROD) for the Site which selected a remedy to clean up contaminants by excavating and treating contaminated soils disposing of sulfur-contaminated soils offsite neutralizing soil pH and containing ground water contamination to prevent off-site migration Between 2000 and 2005 more than 10000 tons of contaminated soils were excavated for treatment and soils with sulfur contamination were disposed of off site After the soil removals lime was incorporated into remaining on-site soils to neutralize the sulfuric acid present four feet below the land surface However the addition of lime appears to have had minimal effect on areas with low pH Design ofthe ground water treatment system was delayed due to the need to distinguish between source contamination at the Site and source contaniination emanating from another Superfijnd site the Alaric Area Ground Water Plume site which is located adjacent to the Site Ground water sampling conducted in 2007 concluded that pesticide concentrations at the Site continue to exceed cleanup goals established in the ROD and require remedial action Several pilot-scale treatability studies commenced in 2009 and are presently underway

Five-Vear Review Schedule The National Contingency Plan requires that remedial actions that result in any hazardous substances pollutants or contaminants remaining at the Superfimd Sites above levels that allow for unlimited use and unrestricted exposure be reviewed every five years to ensure the protection of human health and the environment The second ofthe Five-Year Reviews for this Site will be completed in January 2011

EPA invites community participation in the Five-Year Review process EPA is conducting this Five-Year Review to evaluate the effectiveness ofthe Sites remedy and to ensure that the remedy remains protective of human health and the environment As part ofthe Five-Year Review process EPA staff are available to answer any questions about the Site Community members who have questions about the Site or the Five-Year Review process or vvho would like to participate in a community interview are asked to contact

Galo Jackson Remedial Project Manager LTonya Spencer Community Involvement Coordinator Phone 404-562-8937 Phone 404-562-8463 1 -800-435-9234 (toll free) E-mail jacksongaloMjepauov E-mail spencerlatonva(5)epagov

Mailing Address EPA Region 4 Sam Nunn Atlanta Federal Center 61 Forsyth St SW Mail Code 9T25 Atlanta GA 30303-8960

Site information is also available at the Sites local document repository at University of South Florida Library 4202 East Fowler Avenue Tampa Florida 33620 and online at httpwvwepcigovi-egion4wasteitplitplflshelenafl-hlin

B-

Appendix C Interview Forms

Interview Form 2011 Five-Year Review - Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) Site Tampa FL

Site Name Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) EPA ID No FLD053502696 Interviewer Name Sabrina Foster Affiliation E Inc Subjects Name Galo Jackson Affiliation EPA Region 4 Subjects Contact Information iacksongalo(fl)epagov Time 915 am Date July 8 2010 Type of Interview (Circle one) In Person Phone Mail Other Location of Interview Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) site

IVIiat is your overall impression ofthe project In tenns ofthe pilot-scale treatability study for water the project is on schedule We are getting results back having them reviewed but it is still too early to tell what the final result will be The treatability study has been challenging but I am hopeful that it will work

2 What effect has this site had on the surrounding community ifany^7 None that 1 am aware of

3 How well do you believe the remedy currently in place is performing7 Do you believe the monitoring data show the remedys effectiveness^ As 1 said before we are still working on the treatability study so it is really too early to tell The study is still in early stages

4 Are you aware of any complaints or inquiries regarding environmental issues or the remedial action from residents since implementation ofthe cleanup 1 have not received any in the last five years

5 Are you aware of any changes in projected land use at or near the site No as far as I know it is all still zoned for heavy industrial use

6 Do you feel well informed about the site y activities and progress Yes EnSafe are the remedial contractors and they do a good job keeping me well-in fonn ed

7 Do you have any commenis suggeslions or recommendations regarding the sile s management or operation Not really The treatability study is underway and 1 am hopeful that it will work

C-1

Site Name Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) EPA ID No FLD053502696 Interviewer Name Sabrina Foster Affiliation E Inc Subjects Name Ed Brister Affiliation Helena Chemical Company Subjects Contact Information bristere(laquo)helenachemicacom Time 900 am Date July 8 2010 Type of Interview (Circle one) In Person Phone Mail Other Location of Interview Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) site

1 What is your overall impression ofthe project My impression is that it is good and has been a successful project

2 What e f f y has this site had on the surrounding community ifany mdash We dont know of any effect on the surrounding community Certainly there hasnt been

an effect on human health At any site like this you are going to have stigma issues but we dont hear any concerns out ofthe community about it

3 How well do you believe the remedy currently in place is performing 1 think it is doing well

4 Are you aware of any complaints or inquiries regarding environmental issues or the remedial action from residents since implementation ofthe cleanup Yes During the implementation ofthe cleanup the soil excavations we did hear of concems Irom a neighbor [Resident 1] We addressed her concems by temporarily moving her and her husband from their home for a couple of months to a location south of here We temporarily moved the [residents] twice once during the big removal in 2000 and again during the excavation and removal ofthe sulfur area in 2004-2005

5 Are you aware of any changes in projected land use at or near the site No not for here or for the surrounding areas

6 Do you feel well informed about the site s activities and progress Yes

7 Do you have any commenis suggestions or recommendations regarding the site f management or operation No

C-2

SiteName Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) EPA ID No FLD053502696 Subjects Name Karen Milicic Affiliation FDEP Subjects Contact Information 850-245-8931 Time 913 am Date August 23 2010 Type of Interview (Circle one) In Person Phone Mail Other E-mail Location of Interview Tallahassee FL

What is your overall impression ofthe project Good appear to be making progress on addressing the contaminants of concem

2 How well do you believe the remedy currently in place is performing Still too early to tell basedon recent lab data

3 Are you comfortable with the institutional controls required for the Site and their current status of implementation Yes at this time

4 Are you aware of any complaints or inquiries regarding environmental issues or the remedial action from residents in the last five years No not aware of any complaints andor inquiries regarding the Site

5 Has your office conducted any Site-related activities or communications in the last five years If so please give purpose and results of these activities Yes to attend a site visit with EPA RPM Galo Jackson

6 Are you aware of any changes to state laws that might affect the protectiveness ofthe remedy Are you aware of any changes in projected land use at the Site Not at this fime

7 Do you feel well informed about the Site 5 activities and progress Feel very well infomied regarding the progress ofthe Site

8 Do you have any comments suggestions or recommendations regarding the Site s management or operation None at this time

C-3

Site Name Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) EPA ID No FLD053502696 Interviewer Name Sabrina Foster Affiliation E^ Inc Subjects Name Mary Yeargan Affiliation Environmental Protection

Commission of Hillsborough County Subjects Contact Information yearganm(fl)epchcorg Time 330 pm Date September 27 2010 Type of Interview (Circle one) In Person Phone Mail Other

What is your overall impression ofthe project My overall impression is that it is continuing along as it has been

2 What are your views about current site condition problems or related concerns mdash 1 was onthe site visit for the last FYR so I am familiar with the-Site and the Five-Year

Review process I think that things are continuing to move forward at the Site with the treatments underway

3 What effect has this site had on the surrounding community This is a blighted community and certainly the presence of a Superfund site contributes to the perception of blight But Helena is not the only Superfund site in the area there is also Stauffer Chemical Florida Steel Alaric as well as the jail and all the bail bonds places So there is blight in the community but it is npt a direct result of Helena

4 Has the local government received any citizen complaints or inquiries regarding environmental issues or activities at this site I havent received any specific complaints nothing about Helena in particular The calls I get largely concem other specific Superfund sites in the area or just the presence of Superfijnd sites in general I did receive a call in 2008 firom a resident who was concemed about well water and whether the presence of Superfijnd sites in the area meant that the water was contaminated Again they didnt specifically mention Helena just Superfund sites in general We called the Department of Public Health to come out and sampled the well and there was no contamination present

5 Have there been routine communications or activities (site visits inspections reporting activities etc) conducted by your office regarding the site If yes please give purpose and results No

6 Are you aware of any changes to local laws that might affect the protectiveness ofthe remedy Are you aware of any changes in projected land use at the Site No Im not aware of any changes to local laws that would impact the Site Helena continues to operate so that land use hasnt changed and I dont imagine that the land use zoning would be changed to anything other than heavy industrial There is a limited amount of space available for heavy industrial so they are going to keep any land already zoned for that purpose

C-4

7 Do you feel well informed about the Sites activities and progress If not what methods would you recommend EPA use to disseminate more information Sure

8 Do you have any comments suggestions or recommendations regarding the project None I have worked with Galo for some time and let him know right away if there are any complaints

C-5

Appendix D Site Inspection Checklist

FIVE-YEAR REVIEW SITE INSPECTION CHECKLIST

I SITE INFORMATION

Site name Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) Date of inspection July 8 2010

Location and Region Tampa FL Region 4 EPA ID FLD053502696

Agency office or company leading the five-year review EPA Region 4 Weathertemperature Clear skies sunny 85F

Remedy Includes (Check all that apply) I I Landfill covercontainment [XI Access controls IXI Institutional controls Xl Groundwater pump and treatment I I Surface water collection and treatment Xl Other Soil excavation and off-site disposal

I I Monitored natural attenuation XI Groundwater containment [~| Vertical banier walls

ttachments XT] Inspection team roster attached I I Site map attached

II INTERVIEWS (Check all that apply)

1 OampM site manager Name Title

Interiewed 77 at site [d at office Q by phone Phone no Problems suggestions XU Report attached

mmddvgtvv Date

OampM staff Name Title

Interviewed O at site J at office XU by phone Phone no Problems suggestions [d Report attached

mmddyyvv Date

D-

3 Local regulatory authorities and response agencies (ie State and Tribal offices emergency response office police department office of public health or environmental health zoning office recorder of deeds or other city and county offices etc) Fill in all that apply

Agency FDEP Contact

Problems

Agencv Cont c t Problems

Agency Contact

Problems

Aeencv Contact

Problems

Agency Contact

Problems

Karen Milicic Name

suggestions bull Report attached

Name suggestions 1 1 Report attached

N me suggestions bull Report attached

Name suggestions bull Report attached

Name suggestions CD Report attached

Proiect Manager Title

see Appendix C

8232010 Date

Title

Title see Appendix C

Date

mdash

Date

Title see Appendix C

ate

Title see Appendix C

Date

850-245-8931 Phone No

Phone No

Phone No

Phone No

Ph iieNo

4 Other interviews (optional) bull Report attached

EPA Region 4 Galo Jackson Remedial Project Manager 782010 404-562-8937

Helena Chemical Company (PRP) Ed Brister Director of Engineering Safety Health 782010901-537-8600

and Environment

III ON-SITE DOCUMENTS amp RECORDS VERIFIED (Check all that apply)

1 O amp M Documents

n OampM manual D Readily available bull Up to date

1 1 As-built drawings O Readily available Q Up to date

n Maintenance logs Q Readily available []] Up to date

Remarks

^ N A

K | N A

E ] N A

2 Site-Specific Health and Safety Plan bull Readily available ^ Up to date D NA

n Contingency planemergency response plan bull Readily available ^ Up to date O NA

Remarks

3 O amp M and OSHA Training Records Q Readily available D Up to date lEI NA

Remarks

D-2

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

1

Permits and Service Agreements

r~l Air discharge pemiit

bull Effluent discharge

n Waste disposal POTW

1 1 Other pemiits

Remarks

Gas Generation Records

Remarks

Settlement Monument Records

Remarks

Groundwater Monitoring Records

r~1 Readily available

n Readily available

77 Readily available

[y Readily available

[72 Readily available

[y Readily available

Q Readily available

Remarks Ground water monitoring records are available for the feasibilitv and intemiittent monitoring records from

n Up to date

bull Up to date

n Up to date

n Up to date

n Up to date

n Up to date mdash bull -

IC] Up to date

[ 3 NA

^ N A

KNA

KNA

13 NA

S N A

KINA

study currently underway sampling to confirm the effectiveness of soil remedial

actions are also available Since a revised ground water remedy for the Site has not vet been or implemented long-temi monitoring o

Leachate Extraction Records

Remarks

Discharge Compliance Records

selected f ground water remedy effectiveness has not yet begun 1

n Readily available

bull Air n Readily available bull Up to date

bull Water (effluent) bull Readily available bull Up to date

Remarks

Daily AccessSecurity Logs

Remarks

IV

OampM Organization

1 1 State in-house

n PRP in-house

1 1 Federal Facility in-house

n

X3 Readily available

OampM COSTS

1 1 Contractor for State

n Contractor for PRP

bull Up to date KNA

KlNA

^ N A

bull Up to date

1 1 Contractor for Federal Facility

KINA

D-3

-gt

3

OampM Cost Records

1 1 Readily available

1 1 Funding mechanist

Original OampM cost es

From mniddvYw

Date

From mmddNyyy

Date

From mnidd-w-w

Date

From mmddyvY

Date

From mmddyvw

Date

Unanticipated or Unu

Describe costs and reas

n Up to date

nagreement in place CH Unavailable

imate | 1 Breakdown attached

Total annual cost by year for review period

To mmddyvw

Date Total cost

To mmddN-vw

ate Total cost

To mmddyvw

Date Total cost

To mmddvvNv

Date Total cost

To mmddyvw

Date Total cost

iually High OampM Costs During Review P

ons

if available

bull Breakdown aitached

1 1 Breakdown attached

- 1 1 Breakdown attached

1 1 Breakdown attached

CH Breakdown attached

eriod

V ACCESS AND INSTITUTIONAL CONTROLS ^ Applicable D NA

A

1

B

1

C

Fencing

Fencing damaged Q Location shown on site map ^ G

Remarks Fencing surrounds entire property gates are secured outsi

Other Access Restrictions

Signs and other security measures O Location s

Remarks Access signs are posted near entry gates

Institutional Controls (ICs]

ues secured CD NA

de of operation hours

10wn on site map CD NA

D-4

Implementation and enforcement

Site conditions imply ICs not properly implemented

Site conditions imply ICs not being fully enforced

Type of monitoring (eg self-reporting drive by)

Frequency

Responsible partyagency

Contact

Name Title

Reporting is up-to-date

Reports are verified by the lead agency

Specific requirements in deed or decision documents have been met

Violations have been reported

Other problems or suggestions CD Report attached

D Y e s

D Y e s

No D NA

No D N A

mrrvaoyy

Date D Yes

DYes

DYes

DYes

wv Phone no

D N O

D N O

D N O

D N O

DNA

Q N A

DNA

DNA

2 Adequacy ^ ICs are adequate O ICs are inadequate CD NA

Remarks The 1996 ROD calls for institutional controls in the fomi of site deed restrictions to limit exposure to ground water contamination until cleanup goals are achieved The ROD also calls for fencing to limit access and exposure to site soil contamination At the request ofthe FDEP land use restrictions for the Site have not yet been implemented however some interim institutional controls lo protect against exposure to ground water contamination have been implemented EPA signed a Memorandum of Agreement with the SWFWMD affimiing SWFWMDs regulatory authority to restrict well construction and well use for potable water at and in the area ofthe Site Secure perimeter fencing provides an engineering control to restrict access to the Site The risk for exposure is minimal because surface soil has been remediated the Helena Chemical Company has continued site operations and plans to continue industrial activities at the Site into the foreseeable ftiture and current and future land use zoning is consistent with the industrial cleanup criteria used in the selection of site cleanup goals

A treatability study is currently underway to help detennine the revised remedy for ground water Once this remedy has been selected and decision documents have been appropriately updated Helena Chemical Company EPA the slate and Hillsborough County will evaluate changes to existing institutional controls and addition of new institutional controls for the Site as well as impacted ground water area as appropriate

D General

Vandalismtrespassing

Remarks

I I Location shown on site map No vandalism evident

2 Land use changes on site

Remarks

NA

3 Land use changes off site

Remarks

^ N A

VI GENERAL SITE CONDITIONS

Roads Applicable D NA

D-5

1

B

Roads damaged

Remarks Paved aspha

Other Site Conditions

[y] Location shown on site map ^ Roads adequate Q NA

It roads are used for access to warehouses and the office building on site

Remarks

A

1

T

3

4

5

6

7

8

VII

Landfill Surface

LANDFILL COVERS D Applicable [^ NA

Settlement (Low spots)

Arial extent

Remarks

Cracks

Lengths

Remarks

Erosion

Arial extent

Remarks

Holes

Arial extent

Remarks

Vegetative Cover

1 1 No signs of stres

Remarks

Alternative Cover

Remarks

Bulges

Arial extent

Remarks

s

1 1 Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

Widths

CD Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on sit map

CH Grass

1 1 TreesSlirubs (indicate size and loi

amiored rock concrete etc)

Xy Location shown on site map

rn Settlement not evident

Depth

CD Cracking not evident

Depths

CD Erosion not evident

Depth

CD Holes not evident

Depth

1 1 Cover properly established

bullations on a diagram)

DNA

CD Bulges not evident

Height

Wet AreasWater Damage bull Wet areaswater damage not evident

bull Wet areas

CD Ponding

n Seeps

bull Soft subgrade

Remarks

CD Location shown on site map

1 1 Location shown on site map

1 1 Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

Arial extent

Arial extent

Arial extent

Arial extent

D-6

9

B

1

2

3

C

1

1

3

4

5

Slope Instability

1 1 No evidence of slope

Arial extent

Remarks

n Slides

instability

CD Location shown on site map

Benches D Applicable ^ NA

(Horizontally constructed mounds of earth placed across a steep landfill side slope to interrupt the slope in order to slow down the velocity of surface runoff and intercept and convey the runoff to a lined channel)

Flows Bypass Bench

Remarks

Bench Breached

Remarks

Bench Overtopped

Remarks

CD Location shown on site map

bull Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

CD NA or okay

bull NA or okay

1 j NA or okay

Letdown Channels bull Applicable ^ NA

(Charaiel lined with erosion control mats riprap grout bags or gabions that descend down the steep side slope ofthe cover and will allow the runoff water collected by the benches to move off of the landfill cover without creating erosion gullies)

Settlement (Low spots)

Arial extent

Remarks

Material Degradation

Material type

Remarks

Erosion

Arial extent

Remarks

Undercutting

Arial extent

Remarks

Obstructions

bull Location shown on sit

Size

Remarks

CD Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

Type

e map Arial extent

CD No evidence of settlement

Depth

[H No evidence of degradation

Arial extent

bull No evidence of erosion

Depth

CD No evidence of undercutting

Depth

1 1 No obstmctions

D-7

6

D

1

2

3

4

5

E

1

9

3

Excessive Vegetative Growth Type

CD No evidence of excessive growth

CD Vegetation in channels does not obstmct flow

CD Location shown on site map Ari

Remarks

al extent

Cover Penetrations XC Applicable ^ NA

Gas Vents bull Active

CD Properly securedlocked Q Functioning

CD Evidence of leakage at penetration

Remarks

Gas Monitoring Probes

CD Properly securedlocked CD Functioning

CD Evidence of leakage at penetration

Remarks

Monitoring Wells (within surface area of landfill)

CD Properly securedlocked [ID Functioning

1 1 Evidence of leakage at penetration

Remarks

Extraction Wells Leachate

CD Properly securedlocked CD Functioning

1 1 Evidence of leakage at penetration

Remarks

Settlement Monuments Q Located

Remarks

Gas Collection and Treatment CD Applicable

Gas Treatment Facilities

n Passive

CD Routinely sampled

CD Needs Maintenance

CD Routinely sampled

CD Needs Maintenance

bull Routinely sampled

CD Needs Maintenance

CD Routinely sampled

1 1 Needs Maintenance

CD Routinely sureyed

^ N A

1 1 Flaring CD Themial destmclion

CD Good condition CD Needs Maintenance

Remarks

Gas Collection Wells Manifolds and Piping

CD Good condition CD Needs Maintenance

Remarks

Gas Monitoring Facilities (eg gas monitoring o

CD Good condition

DNA

- - bull

CD Good condition

DNA

1 1 Good condition

DNA

CD Good condition

DNA

DNA

CD Collection for reuse

Fadjacent homes or buildings)

CD Good condition CD Needs Maintenance CD NA

Remarks

D-8

F

1

2

G

1

1

3

4

H

1

2

I

1

9

3

Cover Drainage Layer bull Applicable ^ NA

Outlet Pipes Inspected CD Functioning

Remarks

Outlet Rock Inspected CD Functioning

Remarks

DetentionSedimentation Ponds bull Applicable

Siltation Area extent Depth

1 1 Siltation not evident

Remarks

Erosion Area extent Depth

CD Erosion not evident

Remarks

Outlet Works bull Functioning

Remarks

Dam CD Functioning

Remarks

Retaining Walls D Applicable ^ NA

Deformations CD Location shown on site map

Horizontal displacement Vertical di

Rotational displacement

Remarks

Degradation [C Location shown on site map

Remarks

Perimeter DitchesOff-Site Discharge [C Applicable

Siltation CD Location shown on site map

Area extent

Remarks

Vegetative Growth bull Location shown on site map

CD Vegetation does not impede flow

Area extent

Remarks

Erosion bull Location shown on site map

Area extent

Remarks

DNA

DNA

^ N A

DNA

DNA

DNA

J Deformation not evident

splacement

CD Degradation not evident

13 NA

CD Siltation not evident

Depth

DNA

Type

CD Erosion not evident

Depth

D-9

4 Discharge Structure Q Functioning bull NA

Remarks

VIII VERTICAL BARRIER WALLS D Applicable ^ NA

1

2

IX

A

1

2

3

B

1

bull )

3

C

Settlement CD Location shown on site map CD Settlement not evident

Area extent Depth

Remarks

Performance Monitoring Type of monitoring

bull Perfomiance not monitored

Frequency CD Evidence of breaching

Head differential

Remarks

GROUNDWATERSURFACE WATER REMEDIES g] Applicable Q NA

Groundwater Extraction Wells Pumps and Pipelines X Applicable ^ NA

Pumps Wellhead Plumbing and Electrical

CD Good condition CD Ail required wells properly operating CD Needs Maintenance CD NA

Remarks

Extraction System Pipelines Valves Valve Boxes and Other Appurtenances

bull Good condition O Needs Maintenance

Remarks

Spare Parts and Equipment

bull Readily available bull Good condition bull Requires upgrade bull Needs to be provided

Remarks

Surface Water Collection Structures Pumps and Pipelines [72 Applicable ^ NA

Collection Structures Pumps and Electrical

CD Good condition CD Needs Maintenance

Remarks

Surface Water Collection System Pipelines Valves Valve Boxes and Other Appurtenances

CD Good condition CD Needs Maintenance

Remarks

Spare Parts and Equipment

bull Readily available O Good condition Q Requires upgrade bull Needs to be pr vided

Remarks

Treatment System bull Applicable 3 NA

D-10

T

Treatment Train (Check components that apply)

I I Metals removal [72 Oilwater separation [72 Bi remediation

I I Air stripping [Zl Carbon adsorbers

D Filters

I I Additive (eg chelation agent flocculent)

n Others

I I Good condition [7 Needs Maintenance

I I Sampling ports properly marked and fianctional

I I Samplingmaintenance log displayed and up to date

CD Equipment properly identified mdash

I I Quantity of groundwater treated annually

I I Quantity of surface water treated annually

Remarks

Electrical Enclosures and Panels (properly rated and functional)

I I NA [22 Good condition [2 Needs Maintenance

Remarks

3 Tanks Vaults Storage Vessels

I I NA [J] Good condition [] Proper secondary containment [2 Needs Maintenance

Remarks

4 Discharge Structure and Appurtenances

I I NA CD Good condition [72 Needs Maintenance

Remarks

5 Treatment Building(s)

CD NA CD Golt d condition (esp roof and doorways) CD Needs repair

I I Chemicals and equipment properly stored

Remarks

6 Monitoring Wells (pump and treatment remedy)

I I Properly securedlocked [7 Functioning CD Routinely sampled CD Good condition

I I All required wells located CD Needs Maintenance CD NA

Remarks

D Monitoring Data

1 Monitoring Data

3 Is routinely submitted on time ^ Is of acceptable quality

2 Monitoring data suggests

[H Groundwater plume is effectively contained CD Contaminant concentrations are declining

D-

E Monitored Natural Attenuation 1 Monitoring Wells (natural attenuation remedy)

I I Properly securedlocked CD Functioning CD Routinely sampled CD Good condition

CD All required wells located CD Needs Maintenance ^ NA

Remarks X OTHER REMEDIES

If there are remedies applied at the site and not covered above attach an inspection sheet describing the physical nature and condition of any facility associated with the remedy An example would be soil vapor extraction

In September 2009 Helena Chemical Company began a pilot-scale bioremediation treatability study at the Site to test the effectiveness of sulfate reduction and anaerobic xylene degradation to treat residual ground water contamination in the surficial aquifer and the intemiediate aquifer system The pilot study also investigates reductive dechlorination of BHC isomers tlirough addition of facultative anaerobic cultures enhancement of nitrate- iron- and sulfate-reducers and addition of a reduction agent such as zero-valent iron with a pH adjustment The study was scheduled to conclude by the fourth quarter of 2010 and a contingency time of an additional 12 months has been allotted in the treatability study schedule if necessary

XI OVERALL OBSERVATIONS A Implementation of the Remedy

The pesticide source contamination in soil was excavated in 2000 and shipped offsite to an approved disposal facilitv in Louisiana Further soil excavation activities were performed in 2004 and 2005 in order to address sulfiir contamination source areas A pilot study to assess treatability of ground water contamination originating from the fomier sulfur pit area and the former xylene tank area is presently underway Results ofthe study will inform the selection ofthe remedy for ground water at the Site

B Adequacy of OampM A treatability study is presently underway for ground water treatment at the Site OampM activities have yet to commence

Early Indicators of Potential Remedy Problems None

D Opportunities for Optimization None

Site Inspection Team Galo Jackson EPA Region 4 Ed Brister Helena Chemical Conipany Christy Fielden E Inc Sabrina Foster E Inc

D-12

Appendix E Photographs from Site Inspection Visit

Helena Chemical Company office building at the Site

Signs at delivery gate which is secured outside of facility operating hours

E-1

Chemical storage warehouse on site

Fonner sulfur pit area with new chemical warehouse facilities

E-2

Monitoring well in the former sulfiir pit area

Pilot study monitoring wells in the former xylene tank area

E-3

Page 7: Five-Year Review Report Second Five-Year Review Report

well placement and constmction Through shared infonnation between the two agencies SWFWMD can make infonned pennitting and enforcement decisions to prevent exposure to ground water contamination that could pose a risk to human health No impacted ground water wells are used for potable water buildings at the Site and in the surrounding area are connected to municipal water supply lines At the request ofthe FDEP the need for additional institutional controls will be evaluated upon selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site

The Site is well-maintained and is suirounded by a secured perimeter fence with signs restricting access Access is limited to authorized persons during regular business hours All site-related wells have been secured or if no longer operational have been properly abandoned

Conclusion

The Sites remedy cun-enfiy protects huinan health and the environment in the short-temi because it is functioning as intended by the Sites decision documents for soil and sediment Source materials have been excavated and removed for off-site treatment and disposal The selected ground water remedy has not yet been implemented due to concems with promoting migration ofthe ground water plume from the neighboring Alaric Site A pilot-scale bioremediation treatability study is underway and will hopefijlly aid in the selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site The affected surficial aquifer in the vicinity ofthe Site is not used for potable water supply and area residents and businesses are connected to municipal water supply In order for the remedy to be protective in the long-term issues concerning implementation of a revised ground water remedy and institutional should be addressed

Five-Year Review Summary Form

SITE IDENTIFICATION Site name (fnnn WasteLAN) Helena Chemical Company (Tampa Plant) EPA ID (from WasteLAN) FLD053502696

Region 4 State Florida CityCounty TanipaHillsborough County

S I T E S T A T U S

NPL status ^ Final D Deleted D Other (specify) Remediation status (choose all that apply) ^ Under Construction HH Operating Q Complete Multiple OUs D YES ^ NO ^ ^ bdquo bdquo ^ ^ v^ Has site been put into reuse [^ YES I I NO Site is in c

Construction completion date Not Applicable ontiiiued use by the Helena Clieiiiical Company

R E V I E W S T A T U S

Lead agency | ^ EPA I I State I I Tribe I I Other Federal Agency

4uthor name Sabrina Foster and Cliristy Fielden (Reviewed by EPA) Author title Associate and Project Manager uthor affiliation E Inc

Review period 04152010 to 01312011 Date(s) of site inspection 07082010

Type of review IXI Post-SARA n Pre-SARA I I Non-NPL Remedial Action Site I I Regional Discretion

n NPL-Remova only n NPL StateTribe-lead

Review nuniber Q 1 (First) ^ 2 (second) Q 3 (third) bull Other (specify)

Triggering action I I Actual RA Onsite Construction at 0U I I Construction Completion I I Other (specify)

n Actual RA Start at 0U 1X1 Previous Five-Year Review Report

Triggering action date (from WasteLAM) 01312006 Due date (fiveyears after triggering action date) 0131 201 1

OU refers lo operable unit] [Review period should correspond to lhe actual start and end dates ofthe Five-Year Review in WasteLAN]

Five-Year Review Summary Form continued

Issues 1) A revised ground water remedy for the Site has not been selected or implemented and sampling events continue to detect COC concentrations in groutid water that are greater than cleanup goals 2) Land use restrictions for the Site have not yet been implemented 3) The ARARs for aldrin alpha-BHC beta-BHC and dieldrin have become more stringent since the signing ofthe 1996 ROD

Recommendations and Follow-up Actions 1) At the conclusion ofthe current pilot study evaluate results and if appropriate document the selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Sile 2) During the future modification ofthe selected ground water remedy evaluate the need for soil and sediment source control institutional controls and for additional ground water institutional controls and implement as appropriate

Protectiveness Statement The Sites remedy cuiTently protects human health and the environment in the short-term because it is functioning as intended by the Sites decision documents for soil and sediment Source materials have been excavated and removed for off-site treatment and disposal The selected ground water remedy has not yet been implemented due to concems with promoting migration ofthe ground water plume from the neighboring Alaric Site A pilot-scale bioremediation treatability study is underway and vvill hopefully aid in the selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site The affected surficial aquifer in the vicinity ofthe Site is not used for potable water supply and area residents and businesses are connected to municipal water supply In order for the remedy to be protective in the long-term issues concerning implementation of a revised ground water remedy and institutional controls should be addressed

Other Coniments Deed records for the Site could not be located tlirough the Hillsborough County Deed Records Office or tlirough an EPA property title search If evaluation of appropriate institutional controls for the Site results in the selection of a restrictive covenant these deed records will need to be located for the restrictive covenant to be implemented

Environmental Indicators - Current hunian exposures at this site are under control - Current ground water migration is not under control

Are Necessarv Institutional Controls in Place n All lEl Some D None A Memorandum of Agreement between EPA and the Southwest Florida Water Management District (SWFWMD) confirms SWFWMDs authority to regulate ground water well use and to impose additional restrictions for the Site and surrounding area Current and anticipated ftiture land uses and zoning are consistent with the industrial criteria used in selection of Site cleanup goals At the request ofthe FDEP once a revised ground water remedy has been selected the Site will be further evaluated to detennine whether additional institutional controls are required

Has the Site Been Designated as Site-Wide Readv for Anticipated Use D Yes ^ No

Second Five-Year Review Report for

Helena Chemicai Company (Tampa Plant) Superfund Site

10 Introduction

The purpose of a Five-Year Review (FYR) is to evaluate the implementation and perfoimance of a remedy in order to detemiine if the remedy will confinue to be protective of human health and the environinent The methods findings and conclusions of FYRs are documented in five-year review reports In addition FYR reports identify issues found during the review ifany and document recommendations to address them

The US Environmental Protecfion Agency (EPA) prepares FYRs pursuant to the Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA) Section 121 and the National Confingency Plan (NCP) CERCLA Secfion 121 states

If the President selects a remedial action that results in any hazardous substances pollutants or contaminants remaining at the site the President shall review such remedial action no less often than each five years after the initiation of such remedial action to assure that human health and the environinent are being protected by the remedial action being implemented In addition if upon such review it is the judgment ofthe President that acfion is appropriate at such site in accordance with section [104] or [106] the President shall take or require such action The President shall report to the Congress a list of facilifies for which such review is required the results of all such reviews and any actions taken as a result of such reviews

EPA interpreted this requirement further in the NCP Title 40 ofthe Code of Federal Regulafions (CFR) Secfion 300430(f)(4)(ii) states

If a remedial acfion is selected that results in hazardous substances pollutants or contaminants remaining at the site above levels that allow for unlimited use and unrestricted exposure the lead agency shall review such actions no less often than every five years after the initiation ofthe selected remedial action

E Inc an EPA Region 4 contractor conducted the FYR and prepared this report regarding the remedy implemented at the Helena Chemical Company (Tampa Plant) Site (the Site) in Tampa Hillsborough County Florida This FYR was conducted from April of 2010 to January of 2011 EPA is the lead agency for developing and implementing the remedy for the potentially responsible party (PRP)-financed cleanup at the Site The Florida Department of Environmental Protection (FDEP) as the support agency representing the State of Florida has reviewed all supporting documentafion and provided input to EPA during the FYR process

This is the second FYR for the Site The triggering action for this statutory review is the previous FYR in 2006 The FYR is required due to the fact that hazardous substances pollutants or contaminants remain at the Site above levels that allow for unlimited use and unrestricted exposure

20 Site Chronology

The following table lists the dates of important events for the Site

Table 1 Chronology of Site Events

Event Initial discovery of contamination Site proposed for the National Priorities List (NPL) Administrative Order on Consent between EPA and Helena Chemical Company remedial investigation and feasibility study (RIFS) start date Site listed on the NPL RIFS completed -Record of Decision (ROD) signed Unilateral Administrative Order and Consent Decree issued by EPA to Helena Chemical Company for implementation of remedial design (RD) and remedial action (RA) RD start date Soil RD completion date and RA start date Soil RA completed RD for sulfur area started RD for sulfur area completed Explanation of Significant Differences (ESD) for xylene issued Consent Decree issued by EPA to Helena Cheinical Company for cost recovery First FYR signed Memorandum of Agreement signed between EPA Region 4 and Southwest Florida Water Management District (SWFWMD) Pilot test for ground water and interini monitoring program start

Date August I 1980

February 7 1992 September 2 1992

October 14 1992 Iuly20 1995 Mav 7 1996

December 10 1996

December 26 1996 Februan 142000

March 7 2001 March 182003

May 8 2003 lanuary 27 2005

July 20 2005

January 31 2006 September 11 2008

August 2009

30 Background

31 Physical Characteristics

The Site is located at 2405 North 71^ Street within the City of Tampa in Hillsborough County Florida (Figure 1) This active commercial and industrial land use area is known as Orient Park or Bunchville An acfive CSX railway line mns along the southem border ofthe Site The active main operating facility is on a single 65-acre parcel (Parcel A-I4-29-19-4CA-000000-000220) bounded by Orient Road to the east East 14 Avenue to the north and North 71^ Street to the west Three additional parcels (Parcel A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000320 Parcel A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000330 and Parcel A-14-29-19-4CE-000003-000010) totaling 197 acres located west of North 71 Street are also included as part ofthe Site and are known as the Helena Woods The Site is situated between two other Superfund sites I) the Alaric Area Ground Water Plume Superfund Site (Alaric Site) to the north ofthe Helena Woods area and to the west ofthe main operating facility and 2) the Stauffer Chemical Company (Tampa) Superfund Site to the southeast ofthe Site on the southem side ofthe CSX railroad tracks

The Site is approximately 05 miles west of Six Mile Creek and the Tampa Bypass Canal The Site is subject to flooding during periods of intense and extended rainfall Surface water at the Site is composed entirely of stonnwater mnoff and the sediment remediation in the Sites selected remedy addresses sediment deposited by this overland flow Stonnwater mnoff from the central portion ofthe Site channels into concrete drainage swales and flows into an on-site retention pond located in the southeastem comer ofthe operating facility parcel The retenfion pond is designed to hold stonnwater mnoff during a 20-year stonn A spillway at the southeastem corner ofthe retention pond allows overflow to drain into a drainage ditch parallel to the CSX railroad tracks The retention pond is part ofthe mnoff control system at the Site and does not constitute a significant ecological habitat

On the westem and northem boundaries ofthe operating facility parcel stonnwater flows to the southwest where it collects in a low-lying section ofthe Helena Woods area and then flows to the north via a paired ditchculvert system along the east and west shoulders of North 71st Street On the east boundary surface water flow continues south along the ditch parallel to Orient Road Drainage tums eastward through a culvert under Orient Road then travels east-northeast for approximately 05 miles The drainage pathway continues through a swale on the north side ofthe CSX right-of-way

Surficial deposits at the Site consist of a thin three to six inch layer of topsoil and sediment covering fine- to medium-grained sands These deposits extend approximately 11 feet below the ground surface (bgs) and are primarily unconsolidated brown fineshygrained sands with traces of organic matter clay silt medium-grained sand and shells The surficial deposits fonn a sharp contact with the underlying Intemiediate Confining Unit which is a stiff intemiediate clay unit between the overlying surficial aquifer and the underlying poorly consolidated limestones that grade into more indurated limestones

11

The bottom portions ofthe surficial unit are saturated year-round the water table fluctuates drasfically with precipitation with seasonal high-water tables rising to within one foot bgs The clay ofthe Intermediate Confining Unit or intennediate aquifer system has low hydraulic pemieability and fonns the semi-confining unit between the ground water of the surficial aquifer and the Floridan aquifer The Upper Floridan aquifer is encountered at approximately 80 feet bgs Moderately indurated clayey sandy limestone is present in the upper section ofthe Floridan aquifer

Ground water flow at the Site is oriented in a radial pattem to the northeast east southeast south and southwest Gradients are the highest in the southeastem direction and lowest toward the northeast and southwest

12

Figure I Site Location Map

Helena Chemical Company Superfund Site Tampa HiHsborough County Florida

Disclaimer This map and any boundary lines within the map are approximate and subject to change The map is not a survey The map is for informational purposes only regarding EPAs response actions at the Site and is not intended for any other purpose

13

Figure 2 Detailed Site Map

~ vHak Area Ground Water Plume Site t

h-V -bull

^

KbullVI^tHl

-

4 ^

See Figure 3 _JSCnSt detail

T--

bdquo bdquo ^ bdquo I

1

I C ^ bullbull

Stauffer Chemical Company (Tampa) Site

Zi

Lagand [ __ ftppronmals Boundary at Suf id A q u h i Gtowid VUMCf Plume L ^ BounMry

17 AjipxiitrratD Boundary of inMimodixe Aqutar System Grcurd Matnr Plume ^ Priaiate WWis Found D i ^ r ^ Sts inapecVon

bull lnlBiniediraquoIeA^u-fcrSyilBT MonlaingwVei Incnaed in Monilonnj Program S SurfcalApufcr Mantarng WBK Incliided in Manitomg Prcgran

^ Weimedisie Aquilei Sysle-n Moiatof Kig Well Not lncjltteltlaquo in Monltonng Progiain pound Suifcal Aqullte Montamo Well Not Inoufled n Monilonrraquo8 Pr agiam

Helena Chemical Company Superfund Site Tampa Hillsborough County Florida

y Disclaimer This map and any boundary lines within the map are approximate and subject to change The map is not a survey The map is for informational purposes only regarding EPAs response actions at the Site and is not intended for any other purpose

14

32 Land and Resource Use

The Site has been used for the manufacture storage and distribution of agricultural products since 1929 The original Site owner Flag Sulfur Company fomiulated a wide variety of insecticides herbicides and fungicides including wettable and dusting sulfur at the Site from 1929 until 1967 Helena Chemical Company acquired the business in 1967 and continued manufacturing operations In 1981 Helena Chemical Company

moved the pesticides herbicides and fiingicides fonnulation operafions to a facility in Georgia in 1981 and the Tampa facility has confinued fomiulating and packaging insecticidal spray oil and liquid fertilizers since that time The Site also serves as Helena Chemical Companys main distribution warehouse for sales locations in the State of Florida

The Site consists of four land parcels within a secured Site perimeter fence The largest of these parcels (65 acres) contains the active Helena Chemical Company offices warehouses and distribufion centers as well as associated paved parking areas This parcel (A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000220) is presenfly zoned for light industrial land uses The Planning Commission serving Hillsborough County the City of Plant City the City of Temple Terrace and the City of Tampa anticipates this parcels fijture land use to be heavy industrial The three smaller parcels forming the Helena Woods area are covered by low grassy vegetation and oak trees and also contain several ground water monitoring wells for the Alaric Site located immediately to the north Two ofthe Helena Woods parcels are listed as being vacant and the third is zoned for a mobile home park The Planning Commission anficipates that all three parcels will be zoned for heavy industrial use in the future North 7P Street fomierly crossed the CSX railroad tracks to the south ofthe Site but the road was closed after an accident at the crossing The street now dead ends at the entrance gate to the tmck loading area on the Helena Cheinical Company property and the closed section of street between the entrance gate and the railroad tracks is included within the Site perimeter fencing

Surrounding land uses predominanfly include various light and heavy industrial uses as well as commercial land uses Small pockets of single family residences are located several blocks to the north and to the west ofthe Site Buildings on the Site and throughout the area impacted by site-related ground water contaniination are connected to municipal water supply lines None ofthe ground water wells impacted by contamination fi^om the Site are used for potable water supply

33 History of Contamination

The facility was built in 1929 as a chemical plant for the production of sulfur and was owned and operated by Flag Sulfur Conipany No historical records regarding the specific products formulated during Flag Sulfijr Company operafions are available but previous facility managers indicated that the conipany manufactured wettable and dusting sulfijr and fomiulated pesticides herbicides fungicides and fertilizers at the Site In 1967 Helena Chemical Conipany purchased the facility fi^om Duval Corporation the owner of Flag Sulfur Company From 1967 to 1981 Helena Chemical Conipany produced

15

wettable and dusting sulfur and fomiulated pesticides herbicides fungicides and fertilizers at the Site The company purchased the raw niaterials fi^oiii suppliers and added solvent emulsifiers andor surfactant to give the finished product certain characteristics required for various applications and strengths

Historically most agricultural chemical fonnulation occurred in the East Warehouse building located in the south central portion ofthe main operating facility parcel The fonnulation process for liquid products would consist of mixing a technical chemical with various solvents a surfactant andor emulsifiers in aboveground mixing vessels in the East Warehouse building Various solvents including xylene and an intemiediate range petroleum solvent called T-500 were used as pesticide carriers or diluents These solvents were stored on site in aboveground storage tanks A 3500-galIon capacity aboveground xylene storage tank was historically located in a benned area to the east of the East Warehouse building This tank was vandalized in 1977 causing a release of xylene to the soil and ground water below

In 1974 Helena Cheinical Company began using a three-tank pollution control system to handle the wash-down waste generated from pesticide manufacturing The wash-down waste consisted primarily of pesticides in a xylene carrier It was diluted with other process water and stonnwater treated vvith caustic soda run through an aeration evaporation treatnient system and finally discharged to the on-site stomiwater retention pond Sludges associated with the treatment system were periodically removed and shipped to the Chemical Waste Management Inc facility in Emelle Alabama for appropriate disposal At an undetemiined time between 1984 and 1988 use ofthe three-tank pollution control system was discontinued

According to the 1996 ROD the on-site stomiwater retention pond may have received some overflow waste from the East Warehouse building before the pollution control tanks were installed in 1974 During construction ofthe retention pond soil in the southeastem portion ofthe Site was removed using backhoes and placed in the Helena Woods area While the Helena Woods area was never used for agricultural chemical fonnulation or packaging contaniination in this area is attributed to the dredge niaterials irom the retention pond and to treatinent with pesticides and herbicides during routine maintenance activities

Dry products were formulated in the east end ofthe West Warehouse building just south ofthe loading dock using a Raymond Mill for grinding and a set of ribbon blenders for mixing Helena Chemical Company would then package the finished product for resale Both Flag Sulfur Company and Helena Chemical Conipany manufactured sulfiir dust and wettable sulfur on site Flag Sulfur Companys operations are largely unknown Helena Chemical Companys sulfur processing operations consisted of transporting molten sulfur to the Site and unloading the sulfur in the fonner sulfijr pit area located south ofthe current central paved courtyard between the West and East Warehouse buildings The sulfur was contained in berms for a period of approximately 48 hours until it had solidified Heavy equipment was then used to break the sulfur into pieces for processing through the Raymond Mill

16

34 Initial Response

In 1976 Helena Chemical Company stopped processing sulfijr products The fomier sulfur pit area was excavated and then filled with clean sand In 1980 the fomiulation of dry fertilizers was also discontinued at the facility In 1981 Helena Chemical Company moved the pesticide herbicide and fungicide fonnulation operation to a company facility in Georgia Since 1981 Helena Chemical Company has fomiulated insecficidal petroleum oil (a 70-viscosity paraffin-based oil with an emulsifier additive) and liquid fertilizers at the Site In addition to products produced at the facility numerous agricultural products are stored in the warehouse prior to distribution to Helena Chemical

- Companys Florida sales offices mdash

In 1984 FDEP inspected the Site and required quarterly monitoring ofthe surficial aquifer From 1988 to 1990 EPA investigated the Site and found pesticide contaniination in the on-site soil sediment and surficial aquifer Based on the potential for hunian exposure via ingestion of contaminated ground water EPA proposed the Site for listing on the NPL in Febmary 1992 and finalized the listing in October 1992

The Florida Department of Health and Rehabilitative Services (FHRS the predecessor of FDEP) in cooperation with the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry prepared a public health assessment for the Site in September 1993 In that report FHRS expressed concem for on-site worker contact with contaminated soil and exposure to sediment and ground water FHRS made several recommendations that additional data should be collected Under a September 1992 Consent Order with EPA Helena Cheinical Coinpany perfonned a RIFS at the Site The primary objectives ofthe invesfigation were to detemiine the nature magnitude and extent of contamination evaluate potential risks to human health and the environinent and evaluate potential cleanup altematives Site operations have remained active throughout site investigations and remedial activities

35 Basis for Taking Action

The results ofthe RIFS documented extensive surface soil and sediment contaniination including pesticides semivolatile organic compounds and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) related to fonner operations by Helena Chemical Company and its predecessors The investigations also documented contamination of ground water in the surficial aquifer and intemiediate aquifer systems with chlorinated pesticides polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons phenols and VOCs A human health risk assessment perfonned by Black and Veatch in 1994 concluded that risks to current and future site workers current and future trespassers and potential future Site residents exceeded acceptable risk and hazard thresholds

17

40 Remedial Actions

In accordance with CERCLA and the NCP the ovemiding goals for any remedial action are protecfion of human health and the environment and compliance with applicable or relevant and appropriate requirements (ARARs) A nuinber of remedial altemafives were considered for the Site fmal selection was made based on an evaluafion ofeach altemative against nine evaluation criteria that are specified in Secfion 300430(e)(9)(iii) ofthe NCP The nine criteria include

L Overall Protectiveness of Human Health and the Environment 2 Compliance with ARARs 3 Long-Tenn Effectiveness and Pennanence 4 Reduction of Toxicity Mobility or Volume of Contaminants through Treatment 5 Short-temi Effectiveness 6 Implementability 7 Cost 8 State Acceptance 9 Community Acceptance

41 Remedy Selection

EPA issued the site-wide ROD on May 7 1996 Based on the results ofthe Sites RIFS EPA detennined that remediation of soil sediment and ground water would be required for the protection of huinan health and the environment Remedial action objecfives (RAOs) established in the ROD for the Site include

bull Restore the Site to beneficial use bull Reduce risk to human health within EPAs acceptable risk range (ie total

residual cancer risk between 1 x 10 to 1 x 10 and maximum individual contaminant Hazard Quotient of 1)

bull Reduce ecological risk bull Protect ground water from continued degradation by Site contaminants

The remedy selected in the Sites 1996 ROD consisted ofthe following remedial components for source control in soil and sediment

Implement institutional controls (ie fencing (cumenfiy considered an engineering control) and deed restrictions) Demolish tank fanii pads east ofthe liquid processing building (East Warehouse) and dispose ofthe debris offsite Excavate material from the fonner sulfur pit and dispose of excavated materials offsite Neutralize soil in place if located in areas where sulfur is present but inaccessible Excavate contaminated surface soil and sediment (zero to two feet) where concentrations exceed soil cleanup goals Biologically treat contaminated surface soil and sediment

bull Place treated soil back on site

Major components ofthe ground water remedy selected in the 1996 ROD include

bull Extract contaminated ground water bull Treat contaminated ground water to meet surface water discharge standards bull Discharge treated ground water to on-site ponds or to the Tampa Bypass Canal

under a National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System pemiit bull Place controls on Site to restrict the use of ground water beneath the Site through

the filing of deed notices in order to limit exposure to contaminated ground water until cleanup goals are met

The 1996 ROD selected cleanup goals for contaminants of concem (COCs) in both ground water and surface soil (Table 2) As Site data suggested that sediments with pesticide contamination attributable to the Site were primarily present in drainage ditches that were typically dry remediation of sediment in Site drainage features was to be managed using the surface soil cleanup goals protective of hunian health The 1996 ROD also selected a confingency remedy for Site soil and sediment If treatability studies demonstrated that the selected biological treatinent remedy could not achieve the performance standards listed in Table 2 low temperature themial desorption (LTTD) was to be used in lieu ofthe biological treatnient

Table 2 COCs and Cleanup Goals

bull bull - y y Contaminant of Concern

44-dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (44-DDT) Aldrin Alpha-benzene hexachloride (Alpha-BHC) Beta-benzene hexachloride (Beta-BHC) Gamma-benzene hexachloride (Gamma-BHC) Chlordane Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane (DDD) Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) Dieldrin Endosulfan 1 Endosulfan II Heptachlor Heptachlor epoxide Total xylenes Toxaphene

Ground Water 7 Cleanup Goal

(micrograms per liter ^gL)

03

005

005

01

02

NA NA NA NA 01

7

2 NA NA 20 NA

Surface Soil and Sediment Cleanup Goal

(milligrams per kilogram mgkg)

NA

018

047

NA

NA

23 126 89 89

019 NA NA 067 034 NA 276

NA not applicable

19

In January 2005 EPA issued an Explanation of Significant Differences (ESD) to modify part ofthe remedy described in the 1996 ROD The purpose ofthe ESD was to modify the xylene cleanup goal for ground water from 20 micrograms per liter (|JgL) per the Florida secondary maximum contaminant level (MCL) to 10000 (igL per the State and federal primary MCL Secondary MCLs are non-mandatory standards under the Superfund prograin and are not enforceable by EPA however they are a component of the State of Floridas drinking water statute State and federal primary MCLs are enforceable standards established to protect the public against consumption of drinking water that presents a risk to huinan health The ESD also called for continued monitoring ofthe effecfiveness ofthe xylene treatnient and for evaluation of further remedial actions should the presence of xylene a solvent mobilize residual soil pesticide contaminants into ground water

42 Remedy Implementation

Remedial design and remedial actions for soil sediment and ground water at the Site are being implemented by the Helena Chemical Company under a 1996 Unilateral Administrative Order An additional Consent Decree was filed in 2005 for EPA to recover past and future costs incurred and to require Helena Cheinical Conipany to pay EPA oversight costs at the Site and at a separate Site in South Carolina also owned by Helena Chemical Coinpany

Soil and Sediment Source Control

In 1999 additional grid-based sampling was conducted in the xylene source area (east of the East Warehouse building) to detemiine the boundaries for the soil removal excavation Bench-scale studies were performed by EPAs Ecosystems Research Division and EPAs Science and Ecosystems Support Division to investigate the effectiveness of incorporating zero-valent iron in soil to facilitate abiotic degradation of chlorinated pesticides These studies were implemented in 1999 but were tenninated early due to lack of measurable COC degradation Helena Chemical Company then explored the option of using the Xenorein bioremediation process which had been successfijlly implemented on the adjacent Stauffer Chemical Co (Tampa) Superfund site The extent of contamination prevented direct application ofthe Xenorem approach at the Site Helena Chemical Conipany learned however that an off-site disposal facility the Waste Management Inc hazardous waste treatment facility in Carlyss Louisiana (facility nuniber LAD0007772010P1) had been authorized to bioremediate wastes in July 1998 and could potentially accept the excavated Site materials for bioremediafion at the off-site facility EPA approved the change from on-site to off-site treatinent and disposal of contaminated soil and sediment in a letter dated Febmary 14 2000

The 1996 ROD had also stipulated LTTD as a contingency soil treatment should biological treatinent be ineffective EPA requested this contingency be explored in 1999 Helena Chemical Coinpany retained Focus Environmental Inc to perfonn the evaluation ofthe contingency treatinent The evaluation concluded that LTTD was not a practical remedy for the Site primarily due to concems related to elevated sulfijr concentrations in

20

soil which would require air pollution controls to remove acid gas generated by the treatnient as well as space limitations on the Site which would not pemiit an efficient layout and operafion ofthe treatment and material handling units

In 2000 Helena Chemical Conipany excavated 7700 tons of pesticide-contaminated soil fi-om the Site including the xylene source area and an additional 600 tons of pesticide-contaminated soil and sediment from the drainage ditch area along the CSX railway right-of-way just south ofthe Site Soil was transported to the Waste Manageinent Inc facility in Carlyss Louisiana for bioremediation andoff-site disposal Surface soils were excavated to a depth of two feet According to the 1996 ROD the water table in the area fluctuates between two and four feet bgs Therefore the excavation of surface soils to two feet bgs would address soil contaminafion above the water table but not contaniination existing below the water table The excavation areas were lined with an --indicator fabric prior to backfilling the areas with clean inaterials and seeded with grass where appropriate

Delineation activifies to detemiine the extent of sulfur contaniination in the fonner sulfur pit area were perfonned from 2001 through 2003 and remedial work was perfomied in two separate phases A metal building covering much ofthe area where sulfijr remedial work was to be perfonned was dismanfled and transported offsite for recycling During phase 1 remedial work performed in 2004 soil and concrete were excavated from the elevated loading dock area and the west side ofthe tank fann for off-site treatinent and disposal During phase II remedial work perfonned in 2005 soil and concrete were excavated from the northem tank fann and fonner warehouse boundaries Approximately 3000 tons of soil and crystallized (fomierly molten) sulfur were removed during the 2004 and 2005 removal activities and also shipped to the Waste Management Inc facility in Carlyss Louisiana for off-site disposal

The 2005 ESD changed the xylene ground water cleanup goal from 20 |JgL to 10000 ^gL Since the presence of xylene in ground water could mobilize residual pesticide contamination in soil into ground water the ESD included post-treatment monitoring of the xylene area This monitoring includes all COCs established in the 1996 ROD and a specific assessment of whether the remaining xylene concentrations are sufficiently low to ensure that cosolvency is not facilitating the transport of residual pesticides that might be lingering in the soil If cosolvency is found to be mobilizing residual pesticide contaminants fi-om soil to ground water this assessment will be used to detennine whether further active treatment of xylene to below the federal and state primary standard is necessary

Ground Water

The ground water remedy described in the 1996 ROD has not yet been implemented at the Site due to discovery of contaminafion and investigations at the adjacent Alaric Site and concems that the selected remedy would potentially cause further contaminafion of the aquifer systems Altemative ground water treatments are currently being investigated in the pilot-scale treatability study underway at the Site Supplemental data collection and

21

ground water plume delineafion studies began in 1998 Ground water sampling perfonned in existing surficial aquifer and intemiediate aquifer system monitoring wells in Febmary 1998 resulted in the installation of additional surficial aquifer wells south of the Site to further delineate the nature and extent of contaniination The results ofthis study also detemiined the need for further investigation of ground water contamination in the xylene area (location of 1977 release immediately east ofthe East Warehouse on the Site Figure 3) in the sulfijr area (locafion ofthe fonner sulfiir pit in central courtyard on the Site Figure 3) and in the intemiediate aquifer system

Field activities to address the recommendations ofthe Febmary 1998 investigation were implemented in April 2001 Eight additional monitoring wells (MW-24 through MW-31 Figure 2) were installed south and east ofthe Site on City of Tampa rights-of-way to monitor the extent of contamination in the surficial aquifer Contamination was also identified in shallow areas ofthe intermediate aquifer system Ground water sampling and supplemental field activities were perfonned from October 2002 through January 2003 These activities included intennediate aquifer invesfigations xylene source area invesfigations downgradient surficial aquifer monitoring well installation and sulfur area invesfigations Additional intermediate aquifer system monitoring wells (MW-32 and MW-33 Figure 2) were installed along Orient Road during a November 2002 comprehensive ground water sampling event The new wells were installed to provide intemiediate monitoring points for xylene pesficide and herbicide contamination

While the 2002 and 2003 field acfivities were being perfonned significant chlorinated solvent contamination from the adjacent Alaric Site was discovered in both the surficial aquifer and intennediate aquifer systems this contamination was commingling with the westem portion ofthe Sites ground water plume The implementation ofthe ground water pump-and-treat remedy selected for the Site had the potential to exacerbate contaminant plume migration from the Alaric Site For this reason EPA detennined that implementation ofthe pump-and-treat remedy for the Site should be delayed until delineation and remediation ofthe surficial aquifer at the Alaric Site is completed

Additional comprehensive ground water sampling events were perfonned in May 2005 to provide a baseline for water quality following complefion ofthe sulfur area removal acfions and in December 2006 to detennine current condifions across the monitoring well network Selected wells were also sampled in March August and November 2007 and January 2008 to gauge the overall effectiveness ofthe sulfur area removal in addressing source contaminafion ofthe surficial aquifer Given the probability that the selected pump-and-treat remedy for ground water at the Site would be incompatible with ground water treatnient activities being designed at the adjacent Alaric Site several altemafive management approaches to address ground water contamination in the sulfur area and associated plume were explored

In June 2009 Helena Chemical Conipany presented EPA with a Pilot Test and Interim Monitoring Work Plan to address ground water contamination without implementing the pump-and-treat remedy EPA approved the Work Plan in August 2009 and implementation began in August 2009 The pilot study is expected to last for one year

22

with an additional one-year contingency period The work plan addresses four critical areas of source control and monitoring the sulfur area the xylene area supplemental monitoring efforts and interim ground water monitoring activities while pilot testing is underway

Sulfijr Area Pilot Study

The pilot study objecfive in the sulfijr area is to detennine whether buffering pH and introducing zero-valent iron will allow natural degradation of benzene hexachloride (BHC) and sulfates in the source area through biological or physical mechanisms Low pH elevated sulfate and residual sulfiir in the sulfur area are thought to be inhibiting natural biological degradation processes and minimizing the physical attenuafion of contaminants within the aquifer-matrix which would typically occur through adsorpfion-and aqueous chemical reactions such as hydrolysis Given the residual sulfur in the soil which continues to act as a long-term source for sulfuric acid sulfate control was required in addition to pH controls Zero-valent iron was selected as the primary pilot study treatment technology for the sulfur area because it has been used effectively to facilitate abiofic degradation of BHCs is effecfive at moderating pH and acts as an oxygen scavenger limiting any future oxidafion of residual sulfur in the soil Additional neutralization with lime andor hydroxides and biological sulfate reduction may also be utilized to control pH levels if necessary

Two sulfur study areas known as the East Plot and the West Plot have been implemented in the central courtyard ofthe Site on either side ofthe fomier sulfur pit location (Figure 3) Each plot consists of eight injection wells Cheinical injections were administered in the third quarter of 2009 and sampling is being conducted at 60-day interals for the 360 days following the injections

Xylene Area Pilot Study

The xylene pilot test was designed to gauge the effectiveness of anaerobic biodegradatlon in degrading xylene and residual BHCs Total xylene concentrafions have declined since the 2000 soil removal action in the former xylene tank area but have remained above cleanup goals Site conditions such as low pH lack of nutrients and lack of electron accepting substrates (eg nitrate iron and sulfate) were thought to be limiting xylene and BHC degradadon The pilot test also sought to increase degradation rates without introducing treatments that would complicate efforts in the adjacent sulfijr pilot study bull area so the xylene treatinent was designed in consideration ofthe existing anaerobic Site conditions

One xylene pilot study area was implemented in the fonner xylene tank area (Figure 3) The plot includes six injection wells and 12 monitoring wells The first round of nutrient and electron acceptor substrate injections was perfonned in the third quarter of 2009 and the second round of injections was perfomied in the fourth quarter of 2009 As with the sulfijr pilot study area sampling is being conducted at 60-day intervals for the 360 days following the first round of injections

23

Monitoring Acfivities

Supplemental monitoring efforts in the work plan include installation of monitoring wells on the Fesfive Floats property located directly south ofthe Site on the opposite side of the CSX railway tracks and addifional investigation to detemiine the northem extent of low pH and elevated sulfate and BHC concentrations Until a revised ground water remedy is selected for the Site interini ground water monitoring activities in both the surficial and intermediate aquifer systems will include sampling every nine months to assess seasonal variability in concentrations and monitor for any changes in COC concentrations

24

Figure 3 Map of Pilot Study Area

r

SWTBD

swTZD s w n u

StfT-HD A I ^ raquoswr3u SWTU

swrsu

West Warehouse

SETTO SET1U

SET3U SETD A y A J

I SETSD

sensD raquo SETsu

5ET7U

X40

XI6D

^^xth 7 -^ ^IZD-- ^

_ X S U X8D B^=^X12tJ bull bull X l fU

X8U xi f lD

Legend

bull Surflclat Adulter Sulfur Arlaquoa P M Test Wall

Surlicii i AquHler Xylene Area Ptky Test Ir^ctnsn MHI

bull Suifidal Aquilei Xylene Area Pikx Tesl Monilming Well

I Sile Bounoaiv J Fee 90 too

L 7WL o NORTH

Figure 3 Site Map

Pilot Study Areas

Helena Chemical Company Superfund Site Tampa Hillsborough County Flonda

Disclaimer This map and any boundary lines within the map are approximate and subject to change The map is not a survey The map is for informational purposes only regarding EPAs response actions at the Site and is not intended for any other purpose

25

43 Operation and Maintenance (OampM)

The 1996 ROD anticipated that the ground water pump-and-treat system would be operated at the Site for a 30-year period and estimated that OampM ofthe system would cost $1289000 over the course ofthe 30 years The ground water remedy selected in the 1996 ROD has not yet been implemented due to developments at the adjacent Alaric Site and ongoing pilot testing at the Site As remedial activities continue with pilot testing there are no OampM acfivities undei-way at the Site and the activities to be addressed in a site OampM plan will depend on the future revised remedy for ground water for the Site

26

50 Progress Since the Last Five-Year Review

The protectiveness statement from the 2006 FYR for the Site stated the following

77^ remedy implemenled at the [Helena Chemical Company Tampa Site currently protects human health and the environment because source area actions implemented for pesticide-contaminated soil and the sulfur pit source area have been completed during this review period Additional evaluations of low pH conditions will be performed to assess the need for supplemental neutralization in conjunction with future groundwater actions No remedial actions for groundwater have been implemented at this time Site data evaluations and remedy evaluations will ensure the remedy will be protective In the interim exposure pathways that could result in unacceptable risks are incomplete Conditions-at the site are not expected to change in the near future given the area s land use (commercialindustrial) However in order for the remedy to be protective in the long term the following actions need to be taken a full evaluation ofthe need for deed reslriclions and if necessary they will be imposed

The 2006 FYR included three issues and recommendafions Table 3 summarizes each recommendation and its current status

Table 3 Progress on Recommendations from the 2006 FYR

Section

51

Recommendations

EPA FDEP and Helena Chemical Company will discuss ground water remedy issues including the need for fijrther assessment of natural attenuation processes Dialogue will generate a priority list for evaluation identify evaluation teclmiques and establish an evaluation timetable Ground water remedy discussions will be initiated by the second quarter of 2006

Parties Responsible

EPA FDEP Helena

Chemical Company

Milestone Date

4302006

Action Taken and Ontcome

Discussions between EPA FDEP and Helena Chemical Company have resulted in the development of a pilot testing work plan to explore treatment options for enliancing biological and physical degradation processes This pilot study was initiated in August 2009

Date of Action

08312009

27

Section

52

53

Recommendations

EPA FDEP and Helena Chemical Company will evaluate ylene source area issues Discussions will include prioritization of any additional RD activities evaluation of remedial cleanup goals etc Xylene remedy discussions will be initiated by the first quarter of 2006

Helena Chemical Company will evaluate the requirements for implementing deed restrictions on the property and whether any remedy-specific requirements must be incorporated into the institutional control A fiill evaluation ofthe need for deed restrictions will be made and if necessary they will be imposed This evaluation will be completed by the fourth quarter of 2006

Parties Responsible

EPA FDEP Helena

Chemical Company

Helena Chemical Company

Milestone Date

4302006

12312006

Action Taken and Outcome-

Pilot test program discussions between EPA FDEP and Helena Chemical Company have resulted in the development of a work plan to explore effectiveness of anaerobic degradation of xylene and BHCs This pilot study was initiated in August 2009

EPA and FDEP are is discussions regarding the restrictive covenant for the Sites soil in order to prevent exposure Land use zoning is consistent vvith soil cleanup criteria and land use is not anticipated to change in the foreseeable future Ground water institutional controls are enforced through an EPA Memorandum of Agreement with the Southwest Florida Water Management District

Date of Action

08312009

Pending

51 Ground Water Remedy Discussions

The ground water pump-and-treat remedy selected in the 1996 ROD has not been implemented due to potential complications arising from commingling ofthe Sites ground water contaminants with those from the adjacent Alaric Site A Pilot Study and Interini Monitoring Work Plan was approved by EPA and implementation began in August 2009 The Work Plan describes the investigafion of chemical injecfions to enhance and facilitate natural physical and biological degradation rates for contaminants in the sulfiir area and in the xylene area The study is designed to assess the following questions

bull Is degradation occurring under pilot conditions

bull Can aquifer geochemistry be adjusted to facilitate remediafion

bull What is the longevity of amendments being injected

28

bull What zone of discharge is developed following injection and what is the expected duration ofthe zone of discharge

The study was scheduled to continue for 12 months with a contingency period of another 12 months if necessary At the conclusion ofthe study these questions will be addressed to detennine next steps in selecting an appropriate ground water remedy for the Site A final report documenting the effecfiveness ofthe first full year ofthe treatability study was not available at the fime this FYR report was drafted therefore a decision regarding whether to implement the additional 12 month contingency period had also not been made

52 Xylene Source Area Discussions

As noted in Section 51 EPA approved the Pilot Study and Interini Monitoring Work Plan in 2009 Per the Work Plan two rounds of nutrient and electron acceptor substrate were injected in the xylene area in late 2009 The injections are expected to enhance natural degradafion rates of xylene and BHCs sampling is being conducted every 60 days The study was scheduled to continue for 12 months with a contingency period of another 12 months if necessary A final report documenting the effectiveness ofthe first full year ofthe treatability study was not available at the time this FYR report was drafted therefore a decision regarding whether to implement the additional 12 month contingency period had also not been made

53 Institutional Controls Evaluation

At the request of FDEP the appropriate land use restrictions for the Site has not been yet been implemented While the ground water remedy is being assessed some interim institutional controls to protect against exposure to ground water contamination have been implemented The Site is presently surrounded by a secured perimeter fence that only pennits access to the property by authorized persons during regular business hours Helena Chemical Company intends to continue Site operations for the foreseeable future and does not intend to sell or lease the property so there is minimal potential for a party to unknowingly become exposed to Site soil or sediment contaniination or to impact the protectiveness ofthe remedial actions already in place The operating facility parcel is zoned light industrial the three Helena Woods parcels are zoned as either vacant land or as a mobile home park The local Planning Commission anticipates all four parcels will be zoned for heavy industrial use in the future which remains consistent with the industrial criteria used in selection of cleanup goals for the Site

EPA has also taken steps to limit the potential for exposure to contaminated Site ground water while ground water treatment pilot testing activities are completed In September 2008 EPA Region 4 and the Southwest Florida Water Management District (SWFWMD) entered into a Memorandum of Agreement regarding Site ground water Per the agreement EPA provides SWFWMD with infonnation regarding the area of ground water impacted or potentially impacted by the Site and SWFWMD acts as the regulatory authority to implement and enforce ground water use restrictions at and near

29

the Site The ground water area impacted by the Site is designated as Zone A marking the contamination zone and Zone B marking a buffer area surrounding Zone A The agreement stipulates that EPA must conduct a well survey of Zones A and B at least once every five years to identify any new wells constructed or operafing since the previous survey EPA remedial project manager (RPM) Galo Jackson conducted the first well survey concurrenfiy with the FYR Site inspection and identified two wells (Figure 2) One well was located along East 9 Avenue on the EQ Florida property in Zone A The second well was located along East 7 Avenue on the RampL Metals property in Zone B SWFWMD was notified of these wells in September 2010 The well in Zone A is currenUypemiitted for industrial use by EQ Florida and the well in Zone B has been plugged and abandoned on the RampL Metals property

SWFWMD has the authority to impose reasonable condifions necessary to protect the applicable water source and to prevent the spread of ground or surface water contaminafion For well construcfion pennits such conditions include prohibiting use of the well as a potable water supply requiring notice to well owners of potential ground water contamination or requiring specific methods ofconstruction Under Florida Administrafive Code (FAC) Rule 40D-3505(3) SWFWMD will deny an application for a well construction pemiit for activity in Zone A if use ofthe well would increase the potential for hanii to public health safety and welfareor if the proposed well would degrade the water quality ofthe aquifer by causing pollutants to spread

30

60 Five-Year Review Process

61 Administrative Components

EPA Region 4 initiated the FYR in May 2010 and scheduled its completion for January 2011 The EPA site review team was led by EPA RPM Galo Jackson and also included EPA site attomey Kevin Beswick EPA Community Involvement Coordinator (CIC) LTonya Spencer and contractor support provided to EPA by Christy Fielden and Sabrina Foster of E Inc In May 2010 EPA held a scoping call with the review team to discuss the Site and itenis of interest as they related to the protectiveness ofthe remedy cunently in place A review schedule was established that consisted ofthe following activities

Community notification Document review Data collection and review Site inspection Local interviews FYR Report development and review

62 Community Involvement

In January 2011 a public notice was published in the Tampa Tribune announcing the commencement ofthe FYR process for the Site providing contact information for RPM Galo Jackson and CIC LTonya Spencer and invifing community participation was published The press notice is available in Appendix B The FYR report will be made available to the public once it has been finalized Copies ofthis docunient will be placed in the designated site repository University of South Florida Library located at 4202 East Fowler Avenue Tampa Florida 33620 Upon completion ofthe FYR a public notice will be placed in the Tampa Tribune to announce the availability ofthe final FYR report in the Sites document repository

63 Document Review

This FYR included a review of relevant site-related documents including the ROD remedial action reports and recent monitoring data A complete list ofthe documents reviewed can be found in Appendix A

ARARs Review

Section 121(d)(2)(A) of CERCLA specifies that Superfund remedial actions must meet any federal standards requirements criteria or limitations that are detennined to be applicable or relevant and appropriate requirements (ARARs) ARARs are those standards criteria or limitations promulgated under federal or state law that specifically address a hazardous substance pollutant contaminant remedial action locafion or other circumstance at a CERCLA site To-Be-Considered criteria (TBCs) are non-promulgated

31

advisories and guidance that are not legally binding but should be considered in detennining the necessary level of cleanup for protection of human health or the environment While TBCs do not have the status of ARARs EPAs approach to detemiining ifan RA is protective of hunian health and the environment involves consideration of TBCs along with ARARs

Chemical-specific ARARs are specific numerical concentration restrictions on individually listed contaminants in specific media Examples of chemical-specific ARARs include the MCLs specified under the Safe Drinking Water Act as well as the ambient water quality criteria enumerated under the Clean Water Act Because there are usually numerous contaminants of potential concem for any Site various numerical quanfity requirements can be ARARs The final remedy selected for this Site was designed to meet or exceed all chemical-specific ARARs and meet location- and action-specific ARARs

Ground Water

According to the 1996 ROD cleanup goals for the nine ground water COCs were selected to ensure that remaining ground water concentrations would not exceed the 1 x 10~ risk level for carcinogens a Hazard Quotient (HQ) of 1 for non-carcinogens under an industrial land use scenario The cleanup goals for 44-DDT endosulfan 1 and endosulfan II were selected based on health-based criteria The site-specific health-based cleanup goal for 44-DDT was less stringent than Floridas ground water guidance and the ROD notes that the cleanup goal may need to be revisited in the future to obtain FDEPs agreement with deletion ofthe Site from the NPL upon completion of cleanup activities

Cleanup goals for aldrin alpha-BHC beta-BHC and dieldrin were based on the Florida Groundwater Guidance Concentration which is a TBC for the Site The cleanup goal for total xylene listed in the 1996 ROD was selected based on the State secondary MCL but was later modified in the 2005 ESD to be consistent with federal and State primary MCLs The cleanup goal for gamma-BHC was selected based on federal and State MCLs

The ARARs for aldrin alpha-BHC beta-BHC and dieldrin were compared to the current Florida Groundwater and Surface Water Contaminant Cleanup Target Levels (62 FAC 777) which is the cuirent State guidance on acceptable ground water contaminant concentrations (Table 4) The ARARs for all four of these COCs have become more stringent since the signing ofthe 1996 ROD The cleanup goals for gamma-BHC and total xylene were compared with National Primary Drinking Water regulations (40 CFR 141-143) and FDEP Drinking Water Standards Monitoring and Reporting Requirements (62 FAC 550310) The cleanup goals for gamma-BHC and total xylene remain the same as in the 1996 ROD and 2005 ESD respectively This review did not find that the assumptions used in calculation ofthe site-specific health-based cleanup goals for 44-DDT endosulfan I and endosulfan II had changed

32

Table 4 Previous and 2010 ARARs for Ground Water COCs

Contaminant of Concern bull bull bull bull ^ - gt J j J bull

44-DDT Aldrin Alpha-BHC Beta-BHC Gamma-BHC Dieldrin Endosulfan I Endosulfan II Total xvlenes

1996 ROD ARAROigL)

03 005 005 01 02 01 2 2

20

2005 ESD ARAR (ugL) r

mdash -mdash mdash mdash mdash mdash mdash

10000

2010 ARAR (UgL)

03 0002 0006 002 02-

0002= 2 7

10000

ARAR Change y - y bull

None More Stringent More Stringent More Stringent

None More Stringent

None None None

a Site-specific health-based standaid selecled to ensure tlial remaining ground waler concenirations would nol exceed lhe 1 x 10 risk level for carcinogens an HQ of 1 Ior non-carcinogens or the inslRimenl quantitation limit under an industrial land use scenaiio

b Cleanup goal selecled based on Florida Groundwater Guidance Concenlralion which is a TBC for ihc Sile c Cleanup goal selecled based on federal and Florida MCLs d Cleanup goal selected based on Florida secondary MCLs e Florida Groundwater and Surface Waler Cleanup Target Levels are available al

lmpAvwwdepslatenuswasicqiiick ionicsrulcsdocunieiils62-777TablelGroundwalciCTLs4-l 7-05ndllaccessed 8122010) A comparison of Floridas 1999 and 2005 Groundwater and Surface Waler Cleanup Target Levels is available al hllpu-vvvvdenslatenuswaslequick lopicsnublicalionswcbrownlicldsConipTabiesGroundwalerandSurli ccVValerCieaniipTartJelL evelspdf

f Cunent MCLs are based on federal (40 CFR 141-1431 and slate (62 FAC 550310) drinking waler slandards Federal standards are based on Nalional Primary and Secondaiy Drinking Waler Maximum Contaminant Levels (IU(p7valcrcpacovdrinkconlaininanlsindexcrniSLisi accessed S122010) and slale standards are based on Florida Slale Drinking Waler Synthetic Organic Conlajuinanls and their Slandards (hU|iwwwdcpslalciluswalerdrinkinswalersvn conlum accessed S122010)

g Gamma-BHC is lisied as lindane in federal and state MCLs

64 Data Review

Confinnatory sampling for the 2000 pesticide area removal action and for the 2004 and 2005 sulfijr area removal actions was perfonned immediately following the removals Surface soil and sediment with COC concentrations above industrial use cleanup goals had been effectively removed and no further sampling or OampM activities are required for surface soil and sediment

Ground water pilot test activities cunently underway include baseline sampling and four subsequent sampling events for the sulfur area (Table 5) and the xylene area (Table 6) The treatability study sampling events have been implemented as follows

Baseline sampling in August 2009 60-Day Event sampling in November 2009 120-Day Event sampling in January 2010 180-Day Event sampling in March 2010 and 240-Day Event sampling in May 2010

The pilot test is invesfigating methods for the biological and physical degradation of Site contaminants Follow-up sampling analyzes various aqueous geochemical parameters in addition to contaminant concentrations Per the EPA-approved work plan routine sampling analyses include four of the nine ground water COCs alpha-BHC beta-BHC

33

gamma-BHC and total xylenes in addition to various other contaminants and break-down products

In both the sulfur area and the xylene area ground water concentrations of alpha-BHC beta-BHC and gamma-BHC have predominantly remained consistent with baseline sampling levels and largely remain elevated above cleanup goals for the Site In the sulfur area total xylene concentrations in ground water when detected are well below the cleanup goal of 10000 igL The xylene release at the Site occurred downgradient from the fomier sulfur pit and these low concentrations of xylene are consistent with expectations for this area In the xylene area total xylene concentrations are responding to the treatment showing declines below the cleanup goal in several wells (eg X3U X5U X9U and XI IU) but showing increasing concentrations in other wells (eg X6D X7U and X8D) Only data fromthe first nine months ofthe treatability study were mdash available at the time this FYR report was being drafted detennination ofthe effectiveness of these treatments must wait until the study has been completed

Ofthe site-related VOCs present in the ground water plume only xylene and possibly ethylbenzene are present in the surficial aquifer and poses a potential vapor intrusion concem Remedial contractor EnSafe Inc included an updated total xylene plume map as Figure 5-5 in the 2009 Pilot Test and Interim Monitoring Work Plan This figure shows that concentrations at or above the xylene ground vater cleanup goal are located on the Helena Chemical Conipany property along the CSX Railroad right-of-way or under the railroad tracks The few buildings within this plume area are open-sided warehouse structures on the Helena Chemical Company property and thus a vapor intmsion assessment has not been necessary

Table 5 Sulfur Area Pilot Test COC Detections in Ground Water to Date

Well Sampled

Sampling Event

(Cleanup Goal)

COCs and Detected Concentrations (pgL)

Alpha-BHC

(005 pgL)

Beta-BHC -yy (01 pgL)

Gamma-BHC

(02 pgL)

Total Xylenes

(10000 pgL)

Ecw Plot Wells

SETIU

SET2D

SET3U

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

23 D

31

17

19

24

44 D

39

26

26

38

22

19

33 J

36 1

4

25

29

12 D

045

056

059

086

3

41

43 J

68

42

57

52

11 D

066

044

047

07

55

39 1

191

NA

0461

NA

31

U

NA

033 I

NA

082

58

NA

34

J y -Well

Sampled

SET4D

SET5U

SET6D

SET7U

SET8D

Sampling Event

(Cleanup Goal)

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

1 so-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

y y j COCs and Detected Concentrations (pgL)

Alpha-BHC

(005 pgL)

17

17

28

41 D

62

37

3

37

21 D

bull 17

13

26

34

97 D

46

44

28

63

12

14

11

11

14

47

36

32

39

47

Beta-BHC

(OI pgL)

33

21

3

061 J

15

094

0461

- 068

36

41

47

4

61

12

12

095

078 1

075

13

16 1

13

15

15

087

073

064

08 1

076

Gamma-BHC

(02 pgL)

44

341

57

074 J

087

12

046 1

- - 052

39

37 1

31

51

48

11

082 1

05

04 1

043

32

27

28

23

28

1

14

11

1 I

095

Total Xylenes

(10000 pgL)

86

NA

7

171

NA

11 1

NA

036

64

NA

3

NA

39

25

NA

76

NA

56

21

NA

35

NA

15

U

NA

33

NA

17

laquocv Plot Wells

SWTIU

SWT2D

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

1 so-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

19 IJ

099

14

13

22

048 J

U

U

0031

063 J

053

052

06

075

023 J

U

U

014

U

032

038

03

059

U

U

U

000941

U

NA

U

NA

U

0441

NA

07 1

NA

35

Well Sampled

SWT3U

SWT4D

SWT5U

SWT6D

SWT7U

SWT8D

-bull i

Sampling Event

(Cleanup Goal)

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

COCs and Detected Concentrations (pgL)

Alpha-BHC

(005 pgL)

U

075 J

18

13

14

22

073

018 --

U

U

U

51

U

16

41

18

037 J

073

056

057

061

039

029

045

059

073

028

02

015

016

011

Beta-BHC

(01 pgL)

U

021

079

035

033

047

036

- 0094

U

U

U

26

23

093

022 1

036

029 1

033

022

U

026

03

039

047

057

051

U

013

011

U

0056

Gamtiia-BHC

(02 pgL)

U

u 029

0084

019

022

U

012

011

012

U

24

24

08

052

U

U

0031 I

U

U

U

U

U

u u u u

00171

002 I J

U

U

Total Xylenes

(10000 pgL)

U n

NA

U

NA

069

U

NA

U

NA

U

72

NA

73

NA

60

36

NA

U

NA

U

U

NA

U

NA

U

92

NA

U

NA

U

D value reported from second diluiion 1 eslimaled valuebelow reporting limil J eslimaled value NA nol analyzed U undetected fitilic- COC was detected bul concentration was below cleanup goal

36

Table 6 Xylene Area Pilot Test COC Detections in Ground Water to Date

yy-

J j Well Sampled

XIU

X2D

X3U

X4D

X5U

X6D

X7U

Sampling Event

(Cleanup Goal)

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

_Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

COCs and Detected Concentrations (pgL)

Alpha-BHC

(005 pgL)

8 D

NA

NA

56

NA

71

NA

NA

58 J

NA

15D

NA

NA

15

NA

12D

NA

NA

23

NA

78 D

NA

NA

44 J

NA

52 D

NA

NA

28 J

NA

61 D

NA

NA

46

NA

Beta-BHC

(01 pgL)

19 D

NA

NA

13 J

NA

17

NA

NA

17J

NA

3 J

NA

NA

36

NA

13J

NA

NA

13 1

NA

093 ID

NA

NA

08 J

NA

091 ID

NA

NA

07 J

NA

12D

NA

NA

089

NA

Gamma-BHC

(02 pgL)

U

NA

NA

U

NA

071 I

NA

NA

14 J

NA

046 J

NA

NA

bull056

NA

42 J

NA

NA

82

NA

U

NA

NA

O I J

NA

38 D

NA

NA

2 J

NA

U

NA

NA

U

NA

Total Xylene

(10000 pgL)

200

13

11

23

29

180

56

54

150

42

23000

11000

13000

1400

4500

19000

12000

19000

22000

15000

18000

21000

20000

3200

13000

3000

1100

6000

40000

3000

24000

31000

37000

81000

34000

37

Well Sampled

X8D

X9U

bull XIOD

X l l U

X12D

Sampling Event

(Cleanup Goal)

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

COCs and Detected Concentrations (pgL)

Alpha-BHC

(005 pgL)

57

NA

NA

21 J

NA

39

NA

NA

53

NA

43

NA

NA

59

NA

81

NA

NA

49

NA

39

NA

NA

56

NA

Beta-BHC

(01 pgL)

14

NA

NA

018 U

NA

021 I

NA

NA

026 J

NA

049

NA

NA

061 I

NA

097

NA

NA

075 1

NA

064 1

NA

NA

093 ID

NA

Gamma-BHC

(02 pgL)

12

NA

NA

057 U

NA

025 1

NA

NA

017 J

NA

45

NA

NA

7

NA

U

NA

NA

U

NA

16

NA

NA

34

NA

Total Xylene

(10000 pgL)

960

7100

27000

19000

5700

22000

14000

35000

2700

950

770

260

780

760

540

14000

3800

1600

600

11000

4900

250

I I00

5800

9300 D value reponed from second dilution 1 eslimaled value below reponing limit J estimated value NA nol analyzed U not applicable Ilalics COC was delecled bul concenlralion was below cleanup goal

38

65 Site Inspection

On July 8 2010 the site inspection was perfomied by the following participants Galo Jackson of EPA Region 4 Edward Brister ofthe Helena Chemical Coinpany and Christy Fielden and Sabrina Foster of E~ Inc The completed Site inspection checklist is available in Appendix D Photographs were taken of site features including monitoring wells and access controls (Appendix E)

The Site has been in continuous operation since 1929 as an agricultural chemical manufacturing and distributing facility The bulk of chemical fonnulation activifies have been moved off-site to a different Helena Cheinical Coinpany facility in Georgia however some formulation and packaging of insecticidal spray oil and liquid fertilizers still occur at the Site The Site also serves as Helena Chemical Companys main-distribution warehouse for sales locations in the State of Florida

The Site inspection was led by Mr Ed Brister the Engineering Safety Health and Environment Director for the Helena Chemical Company who provided a tour ofthe full Helena Chemical Coinpany property indicating where remedial actions had been implemented and explaining the locations and associated activifies of current pilot testing for the ground water treatability study Several monitoring and injection wells were located during the Site inspection all active site wells were properly secured or had been appropriately abandoned Injection and monitoring wells for the adjacent Alaric Site were noted on the Helena Woods area ofthe Site but were not inspected since they are related to a different site The Site is well maintained and has a secure perimeter fence and clear signage in place Unauthorized persons are restricted from accessing the property outside of regular business hours

Evaluation and implementafion of institutional controls were discussed during the Site inspection Several interim institutional controls have been implemented for the Site and final institutional controls including land use restrictions will be evaluated and implemented if necessary once the current pilot-scale ground water remedy treatability study has concluded and a revised ground water remedy has been selected Zoning designations and the Helena Chemical Companys intention to continue operations at the Site for the foreseeable future liniit the potential for inappropriate land uses or on-site operations incompatible with remedy components in place EPA has also implemented ground water institutional controls through a Memorandum of Agreement with SWFWMD

On July 7 2010 E Inc staff conducted research regarding Site deed infonnation at the Hillsborough County Deed Records Office The approximately eight-acre Site is situated on four parcels of land 1) 65-acre Parcel A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000220 2) 088-acre Parcel A-14-29-I9-4CA-000000-000320 3) 092-acre Parcel A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000330 and 4) 017-acre Parcel A-14-29-19-4CE-000003-000010 (Figure 4) Deed records for the four parcels could not be located in the online database or microfilm collection at the deeds office Galo Jackson EPA RPM for the Site was infonned that the deeds could not be located and conducted a title search for the property through EPA

39

databases but was also unable to locate deed records According to the Hillsborough County Property Appraisers Office all four parcels are presently owned by Helena Chemical Company The active cheinical distribufion warehouse is located on Parcel A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000220

On July 8 2010 E Inc staff visited the designated local Site repository at the University of South Florida Library located at 4202 East Fowler Avenue Tampa Florida 33620 as part ofthe site inspection The site repository contained fourteen volumes of administrative documents and other infonnation pertaining to the Site This infomiation included documentation ofthe initial remedial investigation and feasibility study as well as a copy ofthe 1996 ROD The 2005 ESD and 2006 FYR could not be located at the time ofthe Site inspection but were provided to the library by RPM Galo Jackson on January 212011

The 1996 ROD called for institutional controls to be put in place as part of both the soil and sediment remedy and the ground water remedy (Table 7) According to the ROD soil and sediment institutional controls were to include deed restrictions Fencing was to provide an engineering control The Site is presently surrounded by a secured perimeter fence and access gates are locked outside of nonnal business hours The operating facility parcel is currently zoned as light industrial and the Helena Woods parcels are zoned as vacant land and a mobile home park The local Planning Commission anficipates rezoning all four parcels for heavy industrial use The fiature anficipated land use is consistent with the industrial exposure criteria used in the selection of Site cleanup goals The ROD also called for deed restrictions to restrict the use of site-impacted ground water on and off the Site in order to limit exposure to contaminated ground water until cleanup goals are achieved EPA and FDEP are in discussions regarding the restrictive covenant in order to prevent fijture exposure to Site soil A 2008 Memorandum of Agreement between EPA Region 4 and SWFWMD addresses the need to restrict the use of site-related ground water The agreement establishes regular communication between the two agencies and affinns SWFWMDs regulatory authority to implement and enforce ground water use restrictions at the Site This authority addresses well constmction pemiits restrictions on use of wells for potable water supply and requirements that well owners be notified of ground water contaniination that may impact their wells At the request ofthe FDEP once the treatability study is completed and a revised ground water remedy for the Site has been selected the need for additional ground water institutional controls will be reevaluated and the existing institutional controls will be modified or new institufional controls will be implemented as appropriate

40

Figure 4 Site Parcel Map

c

ir Pirtplm ( ^ r | [ i Vjrtrl ID ^r-iti-v-lt 14UtKu^iraquoiii 0

A u raquo114CA O cac i ao aociit o

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laquollaquo-raquo-19-fCAltraquo)0CWgt-00Mlaquo C

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laquo Ll 29 raquo 2ZZ D a m B 7K1D9

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A-i4-raquo-]laquoltif (KU)ittMraquoaii] u A 14 J 9 14 laquoCA IXHIraquoDC(Xrli t

A 14 29 1raquo 4CA OOOOOOOMUO

raquo 1 4 29-19-4CE OOOOOI-OWWO A- l J9- )bullbulllaquo s wnmn-flooiM t A 14-29- UI4ig4IOOM94UOraquolgt

A 14 2laquo 19 4C9 OODOOl 400070

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A-tlaquo ZHIUCA-IKOOIXMKICOZ 0

AH-Jlaquoltllaquoiiraquo-TOKIC8-0lltIlU 0

A-]429iezzz-i)iiaxB-7Moao

A 14 29 194CAlaquoXI00Ca0ata0

A 1429^ i9-4CA-iicaaixi-ooa2a 2

A14 29-19 4CHIOOlaquogt7KIlaquoIraquo 0

A-14 JV tlaquo-laquoii -uxiot-nnDi i

A14 2laquo ilaquo-4CAiiooacii]-aaoigo A 14 23 LO 4CMI00Oraquo OOOOlO

A 14 29-isacE-oooora-aotrao

A-t4-ii-lraquo-laquo A-ooooawwoK o

A lA-2V^lraquot(A-Igt]ltKcll-IIIiaiI I

A 14-29 19-raquoCf oocoos acooi-o

A 14 29 19 ACI OOmOl-OCOOll

A-W-29-19-4CI-aXK)07-OOOOTjO

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A 14 29 19 4 a 000004 OOOOSjO

A 14 29-19-4CC-D0O00aOO0a3lCI

A t raquo 29-19-laquotA4laquoIO0OT-00CO9O

bull i4-2raquo^iltM( A-oniucu IXUltl 0

A 14 2raquo 19gt4CA4gt0O(ICa OOOISXI

A 14 raquo 1raquo4CA DOOOOO 00014 1

Legend

I Site Parcels

I ^ _ J site Boundary

AjiprowmatBBoundary o tSurfc ia l Aquiter Ground Whter Pfume |

Approximate Boundary of in tennedia te Aquieet Sys t em Ground w a t e r R u m e

A i Parcels

Helena Chemical Company Superfund Site Tampa Hillsborough County Florida

Disc la imer Th i s m a p and any b o u n d a r y l ines w i th in the m a p a re a p p r o x i m a t e a n d subject to c h a n g e T h e m a p is not a survey T h e m a p is for

informat ional pu rposes only r ega rd ing E P A s r e s p o n s e ac t ions at t h e Si te and is not in tended for any o the r purpose

41

Table 7 Institutional Control (IC) Summary Table

Media

Ground Water

Soil and Sediment

ICs Needed

Yes

Yes

ICs Called for in the Decision Documents

Yes

Yes

IC Objective

Restrict use of contaminated ground water to limit exposure until cleanup goals are achieved

Restrict land uses to industrial or similar

The 1996 ROD also listed fencing as an institutional control for soil and sed not been included above because it is considered an engineering control

Instrument in Place

The 1996 ROD called for deed notices as the institutional control instrument These have not been implemented However a 2008 Memorandum of Agreement between EPA and SWFWMD confirms SWFWMDs regulatory authority to restrict well constmction restrict well use as a potable water source and requiring that well owners benotified of ground water contamination that may impact their wells This authority applies to on-site parcels as well as off-site parcels covering the entire area affected by site-related ground water contamination

The land use restrictions called for in the 1996 ROD have not been implemented however Helena Chemical Company has maintained operations at the Site tliroughout remedial activities and intends to continue Site operations for the foreseeable future A restrictive covenant will be placed on the Site to ensure the Site is only used for industrial purposes The operating facility parcel is presently zoned for light industrial use and all four parcels will soon be rezoned for heavy industrial use which is consistent with the industrial exposure criteria used in selecting cleanup goals for the Site A secure perimeter fence restricts access to the Site limiting the potential for inadvertent soil exposure

ment source control however this has

42

66 Interviews

During the FYR process interviews were conducted with parties impacted by the Site including the current landowners and regulatory agencies involved in Site activities or aware ofthe Site The purpose ofthe interviews was to document the perceived status of the Site and any perceived problems or successes with the phases ofthe remedy that have been implemented to date Intei^views with Mr Jackson and Mr Brister were conducted during the site inspection on July 8 2010 Interviews with Ms Milicic and Ms Yeargan were conducted via e-mail on August 23 2010 and September 27 2010 respectively Several nearby businesses were also contacted but declined or did not have interest in being interviewed about the Site Interviews are summarized below and complete interviews are included in Appendix C

Galo Jackson Mr Jackson is the EPA RPM for the Site Mr Jackson indicates that a pilot-scale treatability study for site ground water is presently underway Results are being routinely shared with EPA and FDEP while there have been many challenges and it is still too early to detennine whether the treatments being explored can effecfively address ground water contamination he is hopeful that the treatments will be successful He has not received any complaints or inquiries from the community in the past five years and is not aware of any effects the Site may have had on the surrounding community He is pleased with the regular updates and infonnation he receives from the remedial contractor EnSafe Inc

Edward Brister Mr Brister is the Engineering Safety Health and Environinent Director for the Helena Chemical Conipany Mr Brister indicates that he is pleased with progress at the Site and believes that the remedial activities taken to date are perfomiing successfully He feels well infonned about activities and progress at the Site He does not know of any effects that the Site has had on the surrounding cominunity beyond the potential for Superfiind stigma which is common at many similar sites Mr Brister indicates that there is one residence in the area ofthe Site and that the owners a couple had expressed concems to him in the past He notes that the couple was temporarily relocated during removal activities in 2000 and again during sulfijr area removal actions in 2004 and 2005 Other than his discussions with the couple who were temporarily relocated he has not heard any complaints or concems from the cominunity regarding the Site

Karen Milicic Ms Milicic is the FDEP project manager for the Site Ms Milicic thinks that activities at the Site are making progress in addressing site COCs She is aware ofthe treatability study work that is presently underway and feels very well infonned regarding progress at the Site She believes that it is sfill too early to comment on the effectiveness ofthe current treatments being explored for ground water at the Site as the treatability study has not yet concluded She is not aware of any complaints or inquiries regarding the Site over the last five years

Mary Yeargan Ms Yeargan is the Environmental Protection Commission of Hillsborough County project manager for the Site Ms Yeargan has been involved at the

43

Site for many years and participated in the previous 2006 FYR site inspection She indicates that the Site is situated in an area that is impacted by multiple Superfijnd sites as well as other facilities that contribute to blight in the area She acknowledges that the Site may contribute to some more general community concems about the presence of Superfijnd sites in the area but she does not think that the Site specifically has been the source of concem within the larger area Since the 2006 FYR Ms Yeargan has received one complaint about potential ground water contaniination that a community member thought may have resulted from one ofthe area Superfund sites The well was tested by the Department of Public Health contamination was not detected in the sampling and the well was found to be safe for continued use She is not aware of any changes in laws or land use in the area that would impact the Site Given the shortage of lands available for heavy industrial uses she thinks it would be unlikely for the zoning ofthe parcels that compose the Site-to be changed to anything other than heavy industrial-She feels welf infomied about site activities and remains in regular communication as needed with EPA RPM Galo Jackson

44

70 Technical Assessment

71 Question A Is the remedy functioning as intended by the decision documents

The review of documents ARARs risk assumptions and the Site inspection indicate that the Sites soil remedy is functioning as intended by Site decision documents for soil and sediment Pesticide-contaminated surface soil and sediment at the Site and the adjacent CSX railway line east drainage ditch were excavated and shipped offsite for biological treatment and disposal Contaminated soil and residual sulfur were also excavated and shipped offsite for disposal Since there is commingling ofthe Sites ground water plumes with those ofthe adjacent Alaric Site the pump-and-treat ground water remedy selected in the 1996 ROD may not cunently be appropriate to implement at the Site until

- the Alaric Sites plumes have been remediated Helena Chemical Conipany proposed a pilot-scale treatability study to evaluate the feasibility of biological and physical ground water contaminant degradation The Work Plan for this treatability study was approved by EPA in August 2009 The study is currently underway and was scheduled to conclude by the fourth quarter of 2010 with a contingency period of another 12 months if necessary A final report documenting the effectiveness ofthe first fijll year ofthe treatability study was not available at the time this FYR report was drafted therefore a decision regarding whether to implement the additional 12 month contingency period had also not been made The final results ofthe treatability study will be used to infonn the selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site In the event that the treatability study is not successful EPA may consider additional avenues to approach remediation including additional excavation

The 1996 ROD selected the implementation of institutional controls in the form of deed restrictions for soil sediment and ground water to limit exposure to site-related contamination Fencing was also required by the 1996 ROD Land use restrictions have not been implemented for the Site however some interim institutional controls to protect against exposure to ground water contamination have been implemented Helena Chemical Company intends to confinue Site operations for the foreseeable future and has no intention to sell lease or transfer any portion ofthe Site Cunent and future zoning designations are consistent with the industrial land use criteria used in selection of Site COC cleanup goals In 2008 EPA entered into a Memorandum of Agreement with the SWFWMD The document confirms SWFWMDs regulatory authority to place restrictions on well placement and constmction Through shared infomiation between the two agencies SWFWMD can make infomied pennitting and enforcement decisions to prevent exposure to ground water contamination that could pose a risk to hunian health No impacted ground water wells are used for potable water buildings at the Site and in the surrounding area are connected to municipal water supply lines The need for additional institufional controls will be evaluated upon selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site

The Site is well-maintained and is surrounded by a secured perimeter fence with signs restricting access Access is limited to authorized persons during regular business hours

45

All site-related wells are secured or if no longer operational have been properly abandoned

72 Question B Are the exposure assumptions toxicity data cleanup levels and remedial action objectives (RAOs) used at the time of remedy selection still valid

The ARARs for four ofthe nine ground water COCs aldrin alpha-BHC beta-BHC and dieldrin have become more stringent since the signing ofthe 1996 ROD During the current ground water treatability study both alpha-BHC and beta-BHC have been detected at levels greater than the RODs less stringent cleanup goals for these COCs Remedial activities at the Site have allowed the continued industrial use ofthe property and have reduced ecological risk at the Site The selection of a revised ground water remedy is required before achieving the remaining two RAOs 1) protection of ground water from continued degradation by Site contaminants and 2) reduction of risk to human health within EPAs acceptable risk range Residual soil contamination remains present below the water table and the ground water plume continues to exceed cleanup goals The industrial land use at the Site and in the surrounding area is unchanged since the ROD was signed therefore the exposure assumpfions are still valid Benzene and ethylbenzene are being detected in the groundwater at concentrations above the primary drinking-water standards

73 Question C Has any other information come to light that could call into question the protectiveness ofthe remedy

No other infomiation has come to light that could call into question the protectiveness of the remedy

74 Technical Assessment Summary

The review of documents ARARs risk assumptions and the Site inspection indicate that the Sites soil remedy is functioning as intended by Site decision documents for soil and sediment Pesticide-contaminated surface soil and sediment at the Site and the adjacent CSX railway line east drainage ditch were excavated and shipped offsite for biological treatment and disposal Contaminated soil and residual sulfur were also excavated and shipped off-site for disposal Since there is commingling ofthe Sites ground water plumes with those ofthe adjacent Alaric Site the pump-and-treat ground water remedy selected in the 1996 ROD may not currently be appropriate to implement at the Site until the Alaric Sites plumes have been remediated Helena Chemical Company proposed a pilot-scale treatability study to evaluate the feasibility of biological and physical ground water contaminant degradafion The work plan for this treatability study was approved by EPA in August 2009 The study is currenfiy underway and was scheduled to conclude by the fourth quarter of 2010 vvith a contingency period of another 12 months if necessary A final report documenting the effectiveness ofthe first full year ofthe treatability study was not available at the time this FYR report was drafted therefore a decision regarding whether to implement the additional 12 month contingency period had also not been made The final results ofthe treatability study will be used to infonn the selection of a

46

revised ground water remedy for the Site In the event that the treatability study is not successful EPA may consider addifional avenues to approach remediation including additional excavation

The ARARs for four ofthe nine ground water COCs aldrin alpha-BHC beta-BHC and dieldrin have become more stringent since the signing ofthe 1996 ROD During the current ground water treatability study both alpha-BHC and beta-BHC have been detected at levels greater than the cuirent less-stringent cleanup goal for these COCs Remedial activities at the Site have allowed the continued industrial use ofthe property and have reduced ecological risk at the Site The selection of a revised ground water remedy is required before achieving the remaining two RAOs 1) protection of ground water from confinued degradation by Site contaminants and 2) reduction of risk to

-human health within EPAs acceptable risk range Residual soil contaniination remains present below the water table and the ground water plume continues to exceed cleanup goals The industrial land use at the Site and in the surrounding area has not changed since the ROD was signed therefore the exposure assumptions are still valid

The 1996 ROD selected the implementation of institutional controls in the fomi of deed restrictions for soil sediment and ground water to liinit exposure to site-related contamination Fencing was also required by the 1996 ROD Land use restrictions have not been implemented for the Site however some interim institufional controls to protect against exposure to ground water contamination have been implemented Helena Chemical Company intends to continue Site operations for the foreseeable future and has no intention to sell lease or transfer any portion ofthe Site Current and future zoning designations are consistent with the industrial land use criteria used in selection of site COC cleanup goals In 2008 EPA entered into a Memorandum of Agreement with the SWFWMD The document confinns SWFWMDs regulatory authority to place restrictions on well placement and constmction Through shared infonnation between the two agencies SWFWMD can make infonned pemiitting and enforcement decisions to prevent exposure to ground water contamination that could pose a risk to hunian health No impacted ground water wells are used for potable water buildings at the Site and in the surrounding area are connected to municipal water supply lines The need for additional institutional controls will be evaluated upon selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site

The Site is well-maintained and is surrounded by a secured perimeter fence with signs restricting access Access is limited to authorized persons during regular business hours All site-related wells have been secured or if no longer operational have been properly abandoned

47

80 Issues

Table 8 summarizes the current site issues

Table 8 Current Site Issues

Issue

A revised ground water remedy for the Site has not been selected or implemented and sampling events continue to detect COC concentrations in ground water that are greater than cleanup goals Land use restrictions for the Site have not yet been implemented

Affects Current Protectiveness

(Yes or No)

No

No

Affects Future Protectiveness

(Yes or No)

Yes

Yes

48

90 Recommendations and Follow-up Actions

Table 9 provides recommendations to address the current site issues

Table 9 Recommendations to Address Current Site Issues

Issue

A revised groundshywater remedy for the Site has not been selected or mdash implemented and sampling events continue to detect COC concentrations in ground water that are greater than cleanup goals

Land use restrictions for the Site have not yet been implemented

Recommendations Follow-Up Actions

- At the conclusion ofthe current pilot study evaluate results and if appropriate docunient the selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site

A restrictive covenant will be concluded designed to ensure the Site remains industrial

Party Responsible

PRP

PRP

Oversight Agency

EPA

EPA

Milestone Date

01312012

01312012

Affects Protectiveness

(Yes or No) Current

No

No

Future

Yes

Yes

49

100 Protectiveness Statements

The Sites remedy currently protects huinan health and the environment in the short-tenn because it is functioning as intended by the Sites decision documents for soil and sediment Source materials have been excavated and removed for off-site treatment and disposal The selected ground water remedy has not yet been implemented due to concems with promoting migration ofthe ground water plume from the neighboring Alaric Site A pilot-scale bioremediafion treatability study is underway and will hopefully aid in the selecfion of a revised ground water remedy for the Site The affected surficial aquifer in the vicinity ofthe Site is not used for potable water supply and area residents and businesses are connected to municipal water supply In order for the remedy to be protective in the long-tenn issues conceming implementation of a revised ground water remedy and institutional controls should be addressed

50

110 Next Review

This Site is a statutory Site that requires ongoing FYRs as long as waste is left on site that does not allow for unrestricted use and unlimited exposure The next FYR will be due within five years ofthe signatureapproval date ofthis FYR

51

Appendix A List of Documents Reviewed

CERCLA Infonnafion System Site Infomiation accessed from website httpcfpubepa^ovsupercpadcursitescsitinfocfinid=0400674 Accessed May 12 2010

EPA Record of Decision Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) EPA ID FLD053502696 Prepared by US EPA Region 4 May 7 1996

Explanation of Significant Differences Helena Chemical Superfund Site Tampa Hillsborough County FL Prepared by US EPA Region 4 January 27 2005

First Five-Year Review Report for Helena Chemical Company Tampa Hillsborough County Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for US EPA Region 4 January 31 2006 mdash

First Quarter 2010 Pilot Test Implementation Report Helena Chemical Company Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Chemical Conipany July 7 2010

Fourth Quarter 2009 Pilot Test Implementation Report Helena Chemical Company Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Chemical Coinpany March 12 2010

Memorandum of Agreement between the US Environmental Protection Agency Region 4 Superfund Division and the Southwest Florida Water Management District September 11 2008

Pilot Test and Interini Monitoring Work Plan for the Helena Chemical Conipany Superfund Site Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Chemical Company June 30 2009

Pilot Test Implementation Report Helena Cheinical Company Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Chemical Company December 22 2009

Second Quarter 2010 Pilot Test Implementation Report Helena Chemical Conipany Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Chemical Company September 23 2010

Third Quarter 2009 Pilot Test Implementation Report Helena Chemical Company Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Cheinical Coinpany December 22 2009

A-l

Appendix B Press Notice

y PRoA^

U S Environmental Protection Agency Region 4 Announces a Five-Year Review for

the Helena Chemical Company Superfund Site Tampa Hillsborough Countj Florida

PurposeObjective The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is conducting a Five-Year Review ofthe remedy for the Helena Chemical Company Superfuiid site (Site) in Tampa Florida The purpose ofthe Five-Year Review is to ensure that the selected cleanup actions effectively protect human health and the environment

Site~Background The Site covers approximately eight acres and is located in the Orient Park industrial area in Tampa Floiida The ~ facility was built in 1929 as a chemical plant for the production of sulfur The initial owners manufactured wettable and dusting sulfur and formulated pesticides herbicides fungicides and fertilizers at the facility Helena Chemical Company purchased the property in 1967 and continued these manufacturing operations until 1981 The company moved its pesticide herbicide and fiingicide formulation operations to Georgia in 1981 but has continued to fonnulate insecticidal petroleum oil and liquid fertilizers at the facility Former manufacturing operations by Helena Chemical Company and its predecessors resulted in soil and ground water contamination EPA placed the Site on the National Priorities List (NPL) in October 1992

Cleanup Actions In 1996 EPA signed the Record of Decision (ROD) for the Site which selected a remedy to clean up contaminants by excavating and treating contaminated soils disposing of sulfur-contaminated soils offsite neutralizing soil pH and containing ground water contamination to prevent off-site migration Between 2000 and 2005 more than 10000 tons of contaminated soils were excavated for treatment and soils with sulfur contamination were disposed of off site After the soil removals lime was incorporated into remaining on-site soils to neutralize the sulfuric acid present four feet below the land surface However the addition of lime appears to have had minimal effect on areas with low pH Design ofthe ground water treatment system was delayed due to the need to distinguish between source contamination at the Site and source contaniination emanating from another Superfijnd site the Alaric Area Ground Water Plume site which is located adjacent to the Site Ground water sampling conducted in 2007 concluded that pesticide concentrations at the Site continue to exceed cleanup goals established in the ROD and require remedial action Several pilot-scale treatability studies commenced in 2009 and are presently underway

Five-Vear Review Schedule The National Contingency Plan requires that remedial actions that result in any hazardous substances pollutants or contaminants remaining at the Superfimd Sites above levels that allow for unlimited use and unrestricted exposure be reviewed every five years to ensure the protection of human health and the environment The second ofthe Five-Year Reviews for this Site will be completed in January 2011

EPA invites community participation in the Five-Year Review process EPA is conducting this Five-Year Review to evaluate the effectiveness ofthe Sites remedy and to ensure that the remedy remains protective of human health and the environment As part ofthe Five-Year Review process EPA staff are available to answer any questions about the Site Community members who have questions about the Site or the Five-Year Review process or vvho would like to participate in a community interview are asked to contact

Galo Jackson Remedial Project Manager LTonya Spencer Community Involvement Coordinator Phone 404-562-8937 Phone 404-562-8463 1 -800-435-9234 (toll free) E-mail jacksongaloMjepauov E-mail spencerlatonva(5)epagov

Mailing Address EPA Region 4 Sam Nunn Atlanta Federal Center 61 Forsyth St SW Mail Code 9T25 Atlanta GA 30303-8960

Site information is also available at the Sites local document repository at University of South Florida Library 4202 East Fowler Avenue Tampa Florida 33620 and online at httpwvwepcigovi-egion4wasteitplitplflshelenafl-hlin

B-

Appendix C Interview Forms

Interview Form 2011 Five-Year Review - Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) Site Tampa FL

Site Name Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) EPA ID No FLD053502696 Interviewer Name Sabrina Foster Affiliation E Inc Subjects Name Galo Jackson Affiliation EPA Region 4 Subjects Contact Information iacksongalo(fl)epagov Time 915 am Date July 8 2010 Type of Interview (Circle one) In Person Phone Mail Other Location of Interview Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) site

IVIiat is your overall impression ofthe project In tenns ofthe pilot-scale treatability study for water the project is on schedule We are getting results back having them reviewed but it is still too early to tell what the final result will be The treatability study has been challenging but I am hopeful that it will work

2 What effect has this site had on the surrounding community ifany^7 None that 1 am aware of

3 How well do you believe the remedy currently in place is performing7 Do you believe the monitoring data show the remedys effectiveness^ As 1 said before we are still working on the treatability study so it is really too early to tell The study is still in early stages

4 Are you aware of any complaints or inquiries regarding environmental issues or the remedial action from residents since implementation ofthe cleanup 1 have not received any in the last five years

5 Are you aware of any changes in projected land use at or near the site No as far as I know it is all still zoned for heavy industrial use

6 Do you feel well informed about the site y activities and progress Yes EnSafe are the remedial contractors and they do a good job keeping me well-in fonn ed

7 Do you have any commenis suggeslions or recommendations regarding the sile s management or operation Not really The treatability study is underway and 1 am hopeful that it will work

C-1

Site Name Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) EPA ID No FLD053502696 Interviewer Name Sabrina Foster Affiliation E Inc Subjects Name Ed Brister Affiliation Helena Chemical Company Subjects Contact Information bristere(laquo)helenachemicacom Time 900 am Date July 8 2010 Type of Interview (Circle one) In Person Phone Mail Other Location of Interview Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) site

1 What is your overall impression ofthe project My impression is that it is good and has been a successful project

2 What e f f y has this site had on the surrounding community ifany mdash We dont know of any effect on the surrounding community Certainly there hasnt been

an effect on human health At any site like this you are going to have stigma issues but we dont hear any concerns out ofthe community about it

3 How well do you believe the remedy currently in place is performing 1 think it is doing well

4 Are you aware of any complaints or inquiries regarding environmental issues or the remedial action from residents since implementation ofthe cleanup Yes During the implementation ofthe cleanup the soil excavations we did hear of concems Irom a neighbor [Resident 1] We addressed her concems by temporarily moving her and her husband from their home for a couple of months to a location south of here We temporarily moved the [residents] twice once during the big removal in 2000 and again during the excavation and removal ofthe sulfur area in 2004-2005

5 Are you aware of any changes in projected land use at or near the site No not for here or for the surrounding areas

6 Do you feel well informed about the site s activities and progress Yes

7 Do you have any commenis suggestions or recommendations regarding the site f management or operation No

C-2

SiteName Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) EPA ID No FLD053502696 Subjects Name Karen Milicic Affiliation FDEP Subjects Contact Information 850-245-8931 Time 913 am Date August 23 2010 Type of Interview (Circle one) In Person Phone Mail Other E-mail Location of Interview Tallahassee FL

What is your overall impression ofthe project Good appear to be making progress on addressing the contaminants of concem

2 How well do you believe the remedy currently in place is performing Still too early to tell basedon recent lab data

3 Are you comfortable with the institutional controls required for the Site and their current status of implementation Yes at this time

4 Are you aware of any complaints or inquiries regarding environmental issues or the remedial action from residents in the last five years No not aware of any complaints andor inquiries regarding the Site

5 Has your office conducted any Site-related activities or communications in the last five years If so please give purpose and results of these activities Yes to attend a site visit with EPA RPM Galo Jackson

6 Are you aware of any changes to state laws that might affect the protectiveness ofthe remedy Are you aware of any changes in projected land use at the Site Not at this fime

7 Do you feel well informed about the Site 5 activities and progress Feel very well infomied regarding the progress ofthe Site

8 Do you have any comments suggestions or recommendations regarding the Site s management or operation None at this time

C-3

Site Name Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) EPA ID No FLD053502696 Interviewer Name Sabrina Foster Affiliation E^ Inc Subjects Name Mary Yeargan Affiliation Environmental Protection

Commission of Hillsborough County Subjects Contact Information yearganm(fl)epchcorg Time 330 pm Date September 27 2010 Type of Interview (Circle one) In Person Phone Mail Other

What is your overall impression ofthe project My overall impression is that it is continuing along as it has been

2 What are your views about current site condition problems or related concerns mdash 1 was onthe site visit for the last FYR so I am familiar with the-Site and the Five-Year

Review process I think that things are continuing to move forward at the Site with the treatments underway

3 What effect has this site had on the surrounding community This is a blighted community and certainly the presence of a Superfund site contributes to the perception of blight But Helena is not the only Superfund site in the area there is also Stauffer Chemical Florida Steel Alaric as well as the jail and all the bail bonds places So there is blight in the community but it is npt a direct result of Helena

4 Has the local government received any citizen complaints or inquiries regarding environmental issues or activities at this site I havent received any specific complaints nothing about Helena in particular The calls I get largely concem other specific Superfund sites in the area or just the presence of Superfijnd sites in general I did receive a call in 2008 firom a resident who was concemed about well water and whether the presence of Superfijnd sites in the area meant that the water was contaminated Again they didnt specifically mention Helena just Superfund sites in general We called the Department of Public Health to come out and sampled the well and there was no contamination present

5 Have there been routine communications or activities (site visits inspections reporting activities etc) conducted by your office regarding the site If yes please give purpose and results No

6 Are you aware of any changes to local laws that might affect the protectiveness ofthe remedy Are you aware of any changes in projected land use at the Site No Im not aware of any changes to local laws that would impact the Site Helena continues to operate so that land use hasnt changed and I dont imagine that the land use zoning would be changed to anything other than heavy industrial There is a limited amount of space available for heavy industrial so they are going to keep any land already zoned for that purpose

C-4

7 Do you feel well informed about the Sites activities and progress If not what methods would you recommend EPA use to disseminate more information Sure

8 Do you have any comments suggestions or recommendations regarding the project None I have worked with Galo for some time and let him know right away if there are any complaints

C-5

Appendix D Site Inspection Checklist

FIVE-YEAR REVIEW SITE INSPECTION CHECKLIST

I SITE INFORMATION

Site name Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) Date of inspection July 8 2010

Location and Region Tampa FL Region 4 EPA ID FLD053502696

Agency office or company leading the five-year review EPA Region 4 Weathertemperature Clear skies sunny 85F

Remedy Includes (Check all that apply) I I Landfill covercontainment [XI Access controls IXI Institutional controls Xl Groundwater pump and treatment I I Surface water collection and treatment Xl Other Soil excavation and off-site disposal

I I Monitored natural attenuation XI Groundwater containment [~| Vertical banier walls

ttachments XT] Inspection team roster attached I I Site map attached

II INTERVIEWS (Check all that apply)

1 OampM site manager Name Title

Interiewed 77 at site [d at office Q by phone Phone no Problems suggestions XU Report attached

mmddvgtvv Date

OampM staff Name Title

Interviewed O at site J at office XU by phone Phone no Problems suggestions [d Report attached

mmddyyvv Date

D-

3 Local regulatory authorities and response agencies (ie State and Tribal offices emergency response office police department office of public health or environmental health zoning office recorder of deeds or other city and county offices etc) Fill in all that apply

Agency FDEP Contact

Problems

Agencv Cont c t Problems

Agency Contact

Problems

Aeencv Contact

Problems

Agency Contact

Problems

Karen Milicic Name

suggestions bull Report attached

Name suggestions 1 1 Report attached

N me suggestions bull Report attached

Name suggestions bull Report attached

Name suggestions CD Report attached

Proiect Manager Title

see Appendix C

8232010 Date

Title

Title see Appendix C

Date

mdash

Date

Title see Appendix C

ate

Title see Appendix C

Date

850-245-8931 Phone No

Phone No

Phone No

Phone No

Ph iieNo

4 Other interviews (optional) bull Report attached

EPA Region 4 Galo Jackson Remedial Project Manager 782010 404-562-8937

Helena Chemical Company (PRP) Ed Brister Director of Engineering Safety Health 782010901-537-8600

and Environment

III ON-SITE DOCUMENTS amp RECORDS VERIFIED (Check all that apply)

1 O amp M Documents

n OampM manual D Readily available bull Up to date

1 1 As-built drawings O Readily available Q Up to date

n Maintenance logs Q Readily available []] Up to date

Remarks

^ N A

K | N A

E ] N A

2 Site-Specific Health and Safety Plan bull Readily available ^ Up to date D NA

n Contingency planemergency response plan bull Readily available ^ Up to date O NA

Remarks

3 O amp M and OSHA Training Records Q Readily available D Up to date lEI NA

Remarks

D-2

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

1

Permits and Service Agreements

r~l Air discharge pemiit

bull Effluent discharge

n Waste disposal POTW

1 1 Other pemiits

Remarks

Gas Generation Records

Remarks

Settlement Monument Records

Remarks

Groundwater Monitoring Records

r~1 Readily available

n Readily available

77 Readily available

[y Readily available

[72 Readily available

[y Readily available

Q Readily available

Remarks Ground water monitoring records are available for the feasibilitv and intemiittent monitoring records from

n Up to date

bull Up to date

n Up to date

n Up to date

n Up to date

n Up to date mdash bull -

IC] Up to date

[ 3 NA

^ N A

KNA

KNA

13 NA

S N A

KINA

study currently underway sampling to confirm the effectiveness of soil remedial

actions are also available Since a revised ground water remedy for the Site has not vet been or implemented long-temi monitoring o

Leachate Extraction Records

Remarks

Discharge Compliance Records

selected f ground water remedy effectiveness has not yet begun 1

n Readily available

bull Air n Readily available bull Up to date

bull Water (effluent) bull Readily available bull Up to date

Remarks

Daily AccessSecurity Logs

Remarks

IV

OampM Organization

1 1 State in-house

n PRP in-house

1 1 Federal Facility in-house

n

X3 Readily available

OampM COSTS

1 1 Contractor for State

n Contractor for PRP

bull Up to date KNA

KlNA

^ N A

bull Up to date

1 1 Contractor for Federal Facility

KINA

D-3

-gt

3

OampM Cost Records

1 1 Readily available

1 1 Funding mechanist

Original OampM cost es

From mniddvYw

Date

From mmddNyyy

Date

From mnidd-w-w

Date

From mmddyvY

Date

From mmddyvw

Date

Unanticipated or Unu

Describe costs and reas

n Up to date

nagreement in place CH Unavailable

imate | 1 Breakdown attached

Total annual cost by year for review period

To mmddyvw

Date Total cost

To mmddN-vw

ate Total cost

To mmddyvw

Date Total cost

To mmddvvNv

Date Total cost

To mmddyvw

Date Total cost

iually High OampM Costs During Review P

ons

if available

bull Breakdown aitached

1 1 Breakdown attached

- 1 1 Breakdown attached

1 1 Breakdown attached

CH Breakdown attached

eriod

V ACCESS AND INSTITUTIONAL CONTROLS ^ Applicable D NA

A

1

B

1

C

Fencing

Fencing damaged Q Location shown on site map ^ G

Remarks Fencing surrounds entire property gates are secured outsi

Other Access Restrictions

Signs and other security measures O Location s

Remarks Access signs are posted near entry gates

Institutional Controls (ICs]

ues secured CD NA

de of operation hours

10wn on site map CD NA

D-4

Implementation and enforcement

Site conditions imply ICs not properly implemented

Site conditions imply ICs not being fully enforced

Type of monitoring (eg self-reporting drive by)

Frequency

Responsible partyagency

Contact

Name Title

Reporting is up-to-date

Reports are verified by the lead agency

Specific requirements in deed or decision documents have been met

Violations have been reported

Other problems or suggestions CD Report attached

D Y e s

D Y e s

No D NA

No D N A

mrrvaoyy

Date D Yes

DYes

DYes

DYes

wv Phone no

D N O

D N O

D N O

D N O

DNA

Q N A

DNA

DNA

2 Adequacy ^ ICs are adequate O ICs are inadequate CD NA

Remarks The 1996 ROD calls for institutional controls in the fomi of site deed restrictions to limit exposure to ground water contamination until cleanup goals are achieved The ROD also calls for fencing to limit access and exposure to site soil contamination At the request ofthe FDEP land use restrictions for the Site have not yet been implemented however some interim institutional controls lo protect against exposure to ground water contamination have been implemented EPA signed a Memorandum of Agreement with the SWFWMD affimiing SWFWMDs regulatory authority to restrict well construction and well use for potable water at and in the area ofthe Site Secure perimeter fencing provides an engineering control to restrict access to the Site The risk for exposure is minimal because surface soil has been remediated the Helena Chemical Company has continued site operations and plans to continue industrial activities at the Site into the foreseeable ftiture and current and future land use zoning is consistent with the industrial cleanup criteria used in the selection of site cleanup goals

A treatability study is currently underway to help detennine the revised remedy for ground water Once this remedy has been selected and decision documents have been appropriately updated Helena Chemical Company EPA the slate and Hillsborough County will evaluate changes to existing institutional controls and addition of new institutional controls for the Site as well as impacted ground water area as appropriate

D General

Vandalismtrespassing

Remarks

I I Location shown on site map No vandalism evident

2 Land use changes on site

Remarks

NA

3 Land use changes off site

Remarks

^ N A

VI GENERAL SITE CONDITIONS

Roads Applicable D NA

D-5

1

B

Roads damaged

Remarks Paved aspha

Other Site Conditions

[y] Location shown on site map ^ Roads adequate Q NA

It roads are used for access to warehouses and the office building on site

Remarks

A

1

T

3

4

5

6

7

8

VII

Landfill Surface

LANDFILL COVERS D Applicable [^ NA

Settlement (Low spots)

Arial extent

Remarks

Cracks

Lengths

Remarks

Erosion

Arial extent

Remarks

Holes

Arial extent

Remarks

Vegetative Cover

1 1 No signs of stres

Remarks

Alternative Cover

Remarks

Bulges

Arial extent

Remarks

s

1 1 Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

Widths

CD Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on sit map

CH Grass

1 1 TreesSlirubs (indicate size and loi

amiored rock concrete etc)

Xy Location shown on site map

rn Settlement not evident

Depth

CD Cracking not evident

Depths

CD Erosion not evident

Depth

CD Holes not evident

Depth

1 1 Cover properly established

bullations on a diagram)

DNA

CD Bulges not evident

Height

Wet AreasWater Damage bull Wet areaswater damage not evident

bull Wet areas

CD Ponding

n Seeps

bull Soft subgrade

Remarks

CD Location shown on site map

1 1 Location shown on site map

1 1 Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

Arial extent

Arial extent

Arial extent

Arial extent

D-6

9

B

1

2

3

C

1

1

3

4

5

Slope Instability

1 1 No evidence of slope

Arial extent

Remarks

n Slides

instability

CD Location shown on site map

Benches D Applicable ^ NA

(Horizontally constructed mounds of earth placed across a steep landfill side slope to interrupt the slope in order to slow down the velocity of surface runoff and intercept and convey the runoff to a lined channel)

Flows Bypass Bench

Remarks

Bench Breached

Remarks

Bench Overtopped

Remarks

CD Location shown on site map

bull Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

CD NA or okay

bull NA or okay

1 j NA or okay

Letdown Channels bull Applicable ^ NA

(Charaiel lined with erosion control mats riprap grout bags or gabions that descend down the steep side slope ofthe cover and will allow the runoff water collected by the benches to move off of the landfill cover without creating erosion gullies)

Settlement (Low spots)

Arial extent

Remarks

Material Degradation

Material type

Remarks

Erosion

Arial extent

Remarks

Undercutting

Arial extent

Remarks

Obstructions

bull Location shown on sit

Size

Remarks

CD Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

Type

e map Arial extent

CD No evidence of settlement

Depth

[H No evidence of degradation

Arial extent

bull No evidence of erosion

Depth

CD No evidence of undercutting

Depth

1 1 No obstmctions

D-7

6

D

1

2

3

4

5

E

1

9

3

Excessive Vegetative Growth Type

CD No evidence of excessive growth

CD Vegetation in channels does not obstmct flow

CD Location shown on site map Ari

Remarks

al extent

Cover Penetrations XC Applicable ^ NA

Gas Vents bull Active

CD Properly securedlocked Q Functioning

CD Evidence of leakage at penetration

Remarks

Gas Monitoring Probes

CD Properly securedlocked CD Functioning

CD Evidence of leakage at penetration

Remarks

Monitoring Wells (within surface area of landfill)

CD Properly securedlocked [ID Functioning

1 1 Evidence of leakage at penetration

Remarks

Extraction Wells Leachate

CD Properly securedlocked CD Functioning

1 1 Evidence of leakage at penetration

Remarks

Settlement Monuments Q Located

Remarks

Gas Collection and Treatment CD Applicable

Gas Treatment Facilities

n Passive

CD Routinely sampled

CD Needs Maintenance

CD Routinely sampled

CD Needs Maintenance

bull Routinely sampled

CD Needs Maintenance

CD Routinely sampled

1 1 Needs Maintenance

CD Routinely sureyed

^ N A

1 1 Flaring CD Themial destmclion

CD Good condition CD Needs Maintenance

Remarks

Gas Collection Wells Manifolds and Piping

CD Good condition CD Needs Maintenance

Remarks

Gas Monitoring Facilities (eg gas monitoring o

CD Good condition

DNA

- - bull

CD Good condition

DNA

1 1 Good condition

DNA

CD Good condition

DNA

DNA

CD Collection for reuse

Fadjacent homes or buildings)

CD Good condition CD Needs Maintenance CD NA

Remarks

D-8

F

1

2

G

1

1

3

4

H

1

2

I

1

9

3

Cover Drainage Layer bull Applicable ^ NA

Outlet Pipes Inspected CD Functioning

Remarks

Outlet Rock Inspected CD Functioning

Remarks

DetentionSedimentation Ponds bull Applicable

Siltation Area extent Depth

1 1 Siltation not evident

Remarks

Erosion Area extent Depth

CD Erosion not evident

Remarks

Outlet Works bull Functioning

Remarks

Dam CD Functioning

Remarks

Retaining Walls D Applicable ^ NA

Deformations CD Location shown on site map

Horizontal displacement Vertical di

Rotational displacement

Remarks

Degradation [C Location shown on site map

Remarks

Perimeter DitchesOff-Site Discharge [C Applicable

Siltation CD Location shown on site map

Area extent

Remarks

Vegetative Growth bull Location shown on site map

CD Vegetation does not impede flow

Area extent

Remarks

Erosion bull Location shown on site map

Area extent

Remarks

DNA

DNA

^ N A

DNA

DNA

DNA

J Deformation not evident

splacement

CD Degradation not evident

13 NA

CD Siltation not evident

Depth

DNA

Type

CD Erosion not evident

Depth

D-9

4 Discharge Structure Q Functioning bull NA

Remarks

VIII VERTICAL BARRIER WALLS D Applicable ^ NA

1

2

IX

A

1

2

3

B

1

bull )

3

C

Settlement CD Location shown on site map CD Settlement not evident

Area extent Depth

Remarks

Performance Monitoring Type of monitoring

bull Perfomiance not monitored

Frequency CD Evidence of breaching

Head differential

Remarks

GROUNDWATERSURFACE WATER REMEDIES g] Applicable Q NA

Groundwater Extraction Wells Pumps and Pipelines X Applicable ^ NA

Pumps Wellhead Plumbing and Electrical

CD Good condition CD Ail required wells properly operating CD Needs Maintenance CD NA

Remarks

Extraction System Pipelines Valves Valve Boxes and Other Appurtenances

bull Good condition O Needs Maintenance

Remarks

Spare Parts and Equipment

bull Readily available bull Good condition bull Requires upgrade bull Needs to be provided

Remarks

Surface Water Collection Structures Pumps and Pipelines [72 Applicable ^ NA

Collection Structures Pumps and Electrical

CD Good condition CD Needs Maintenance

Remarks

Surface Water Collection System Pipelines Valves Valve Boxes and Other Appurtenances

CD Good condition CD Needs Maintenance

Remarks

Spare Parts and Equipment

bull Readily available O Good condition Q Requires upgrade bull Needs to be pr vided

Remarks

Treatment System bull Applicable 3 NA

D-10

T

Treatment Train (Check components that apply)

I I Metals removal [72 Oilwater separation [72 Bi remediation

I I Air stripping [Zl Carbon adsorbers

D Filters

I I Additive (eg chelation agent flocculent)

n Others

I I Good condition [7 Needs Maintenance

I I Sampling ports properly marked and fianctional

I I Samplingmaintenance log displayed and up to date

CD Equipment properly identified mdash

I I Quantity of groundwater treated annually

I I Quantity of surface water treated annually

Remarks

Electrical Enclosures and Panels (properly rated and functional)

I I NA [22 Good condition [2 Needs Maintenance

Remarks

3 Tanks Vaults Storage Vessels

I I NA [J] Good condition [] Proper secondary containment [2 Needs Maintenance

Remarks

4 Discharge Structure and Appurtenances

I I NA CD Good condition [72 Needs Maintenance

Remarks

5 Treatment Building(s)

CD NA CD Golt d condition (esp roof and doorways) CD Needs repair

I I Chemicals and equipment properly stored

Remarks

6 Monitoring Wells (pump and treatment remedy)

I I Properly securedlocked [7 Functioning CD Routinely sampled CD Good condition

I I All required wells located CD Needs Maintenance CD NA

Remarks

D Monitoring Data

1 Monitoring Data

3 Is routinely submitted on time ^ Is of acceptable quality

2 Monitoring data suggests

[H Groundwater plume is effectively contained CD Contaminant concentrations are declining

D-

E Monitored Natural Attenuation 1 Monitoring Wells (natural attenuation remedy)

I I Properly securedlocked CD Functioning CD Routinely sampled CD Good condition

CD All required wells located CD Needs Maintenance ^ NA

Remarks X OTHER REMEDIES

If there are remedies applied at the site and not covered above attach an inspection sheet describing the physical nature and condition of any facility associated with the remedy An example would be soil vapor extraction

In September 2009 Helena Chemical Company began a pilot-scale bioremediation treatability study at the Site to test the effectiveness of sulfate reduction and anaerobic xylene degradation to treat residual ground water contamination in the surficial aquifer and the intemiediate aquifer system The pilot study also investigates reductive dechlorination of BHC isomers tlirough addition of facultative anaerobic cultures enhancement of nitrate- iron- and sulfate-reducers and addition of a reduction agent such as zero-valent iron with a pH adjustment The study was scheduled to conclude by the fourth quarter of 2010 and a contingency time of an additional 12 months has been allotted in the treatability study schedule if necessary

XI OVERALL OBSERVATIONS A Implementation of the Remedy

The pesticide source contamination in soil was excavated in 2000 and shipped offsite to an approved disposal facilitv in Louisiana Further soil excavation activities were performed in 2004 and 2005 in order to address sulfiir contamination source areas A pilot study to assess treatability of ground water contamination originating from the fomier sulfur pit area and the former xylene tank area is presently underway Results ofthe study will inform the selection ofthe remedy for ground water at the Site

B Adequacy of OampM A treatability study is presently underway for ground water treatment at the Site OampM activities have yet to commence

Early Indicators of Potential Remedy Problems None

D Opportunities for Optimization None

Site Inspection Team Galo Jackson EPA Region 4 Ed Brister Helena Chemical Conipany Christy Fielden E Inc Sabrina Foster E Inc

D-12

Appendix E Photographs from Site Inspection Visit

Helena Chemical Company office building at the Site

Signs at delivery gate which is secured outside of facility operating hours

E-1

Chemical storage warehouse on site

Fonner sulfur pit area with new chemical warehouse facilities

E-2

Monitoring well in the former sulfiir pit area

Pilot study monitoring wells in the former xylene tank area

E-3

Page 8: Five-Year Review Report Second Five-Year Review Report

Five-Year Review Summary Form

SITE IDENTIFICATION Site name (fnnn WasteLAN) Helena Chemical Company (Tampa Plant) EPA ID (from WasteLAN) FLD053502696

Region 4 State Florida CityCounty TanipaHillsborough County

S I T E S T A T U S

NPL status ^ Final D Deleted D Other (specify) Remediation status (choose all that apply) ^ Under Construction HH Operating Q Complete Multiple OUs D YES ^ NO ^ ^ bdquo bdquo ^ ^ v^ Has site been put into reuse [^ YES I I NO Site is in c

Construction completion date Not Applicable ontiiiued use by the Helena Clieiiiical Company

R E V I E W S T A T U S

Lead agency | ^ EPA I I State I I Tribe I I Other Federal Agency

4uthor name Sabrina Foster and Cliristy Fielden (Reviewed by EPA) Author title Associate and Project Manager uthor affiliation E Inc

Review period 04152010 to 01312011 Date(s) of site inspection 07082010

Type of review IXI Post-SARA n Pre-SARA I I Non-NPL Remedial Action Site I I Regional Discretion

n NPL-Remova only n NPL StateTribe-lead

Review nuniber Q 1 (First) ^ 2 (second) Q 3 (third) bull Other (specify)

Triggering action I I Actual RA Onsite Construction at 0U I I Construction Completion I I Other (specify)

n Actual RA Start at 0U 1X1 Previous Five-Year Review Report

Triggering action date (from WasteLAM) 01312006 Due date (fiveyears after triggering action date) 0131 201 1

OU refers lo operable unit] [Review period should correspond to lhe actual start and end dates ofthe Five-Year Review in WasteLAN]

Five-Year Review Summary Form continued

Issues 1) A revised ground water remedy for the Site has not been selected or implemented and sampling events continue to detect COC concentrations in groutid water that are greater than cleanup goals 2) Land use restrictions for the Site have not yet been implemented 3) The ARARs for aldrin alpha-BHC beta-BHC and dieldrin have become more stringent since the signing ofthe 1996 ROD

Recommendations and Follow-up Actions 1) At the conclusion ofthe current pilot study evaluate results and if appropriate document the selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Sile 2) During the future modification ofthe selected ground water remedy evaluate the need for soil and sediment source control institutional controls and for additional ground water institutional controls and implement as appropriate

Protectiveness Statement The Sites remedy cuiTently protects human health and the environment in the short-term because it is functioning as intended by the Sites decision documents for soil and sediment Source materials have been excavated and removed for off-site treatment and disposal The selected ground water remedy has not yet been implemented due to concems with promoting migration ofthe ground water plume from the neighboring Alaric Site A pilot-scale bioremediation treatability study is underway and vvill hopefully aid in the selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site The affected surficial aquifer in the vicinity ofthe Site is not used for potable water supply and area residents and businesses are connected to municipal water supply In order for the remedy to be protective in the long-term issues concerning implementation of a revised ground water remedy and institutional controls should be addressed

Other Coniments Deed records for the Site could not be located tlirough the Hillsborough County Deed Records Office or tlirough an EPA property title search If evaluation of appropriate institutional controls for the Site results in the selection of a restrictive covenant these deed records will need to be located for the restrictive covenant to be implemented

Environmental Indicators - Current hunian exposures at this site are under control - Current ground water migration is not under control

Are Necessarv Institutional Controls in Place n All lEl Some D None A Memorandum of Agreement between EPA and the Southwest Florida Water Management District (SWFWMD) confirms SWFWMDs authority to regulate ground water well use and to impose additional restrictions for the Site and surrounding area Current and anticipated ftiture land uses and zoning are consistent with the industrial criteria used in selection of Site cleanup goals At the request ofthe FDEP once a revised ground water remedy has been selected the Site will be further evaluated to detennine whether additional institutional controls are required

Has the Site Been Designated as Site-Wide Readv for Anticipated Use D Yes ^ No

Second Five-Year Review Report for

Helena Chemicai Company (Tampa Plant) Superfund Site

10 Introduction

The purpose of a Five-Year Review (FYR) is to evaluate the implementation and perfoimance of a remedy in order to detemiine if the remedy will confinue to be protective of human health and the environinent The methods findings and conclusions of FYRs are documented in five-year review reports In addition FYR reports identify issues found during the review ifany and document recommendations to address them

The US Environmental Protecfion Agency (EPA) prepares FYRs pursuant to the Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA) Section 121 and the National Confingency Plan (NCP) CERCLA Secfion 121 states

If the President selects a remedial action that results in any hazardous substances pollutants or contaminants remaining at the site the President shall review such remedial action no less often than each five years after the initiation of such remedial action to assure that human health and the environinent are being protected by the remedial action being implemented In addition if upon such review it is the judgment ofthe President that acfion is appropriate at such site in accordance with section [104] or [106] the President shall take or require such action The President shall report to the Congress a list of facilifies for which such review is required the results of all such reviews and any actions taken as a result of such reviews

EPA interpreted this requirement further in the NCP Title 40 ofthe Code of Federal Regulafions (CFR) Secfion 300430(f)(4)(ii) states

If a remedial acfion is selected that results in hazardous substances pollutants or contaminants remaining at the site above levels that allow for unlimited use and unrestricted exposure the lead agency shall review such actions no less often than every five years after the initiation ofthe selected remedial action

E Inc an EPA Region 4 contractor conducted the FYR and prepared this report regarding the remedy implemented at the Helena Chemical Company (Tampa Plant) Site (the Site) in Tampa Hillsborough County Florida This FYR was conducted from April of 2010 to January of 2011 EPA is the lead agency for developing and implementing the remedy for the potentially responsible party (PRP)-financed cleanup at the Site The Florida Department of Environmental Protection (FDEP) as the support agency representing the State of Florida has reviewed all supporting documentafion and provided input to EPA during the FYR process

This is the second FYR for the Site The triggering action for this statutory review is the previous FYR in 2006 The FYR is required due to the fact that hazardous substances pollutants or contaminants remain at the Site above levels that allow for unlimited use and unrestricted exposure

20 Site Chronology

The following table lists the dates of important events for the Site

Table 1 Chronology of Site Events

Event Initial discovery of contamination Site proposed for the National Priorities List (NPL) Administrative Order on Consent between EPA and Helena Chemical Company remedial investigation and feasibility study (RIFS) start date Site listed on the NPL RIFS completed -Record of Decision (ROD) signed Unilateral Administrative Order and Consent Decree issued by EPA to Helena Chemical Company for implementation of remedial design (RD) and remedial action (RA) RD start date Soil RD completion date and RA start date Soil RA completed RD for sulfur area started RD for sulfur area completed Explanation of Significant Differences (ESD) for xylene issued Consent Decree issued by EPA to Helena Cheinical Company for cost recovery First FYR signed Memorandum of Agreement signed between EPA Region 4 and Southwest Florida Water Management District (SWFWMD) Pilot test for ground water and interini monitoring program start

Date August I 1980

February 7 1992 September 2 1992

October 14 1992 Iuly20 1995 Mav 7 1996

December 10 1996

December 26 1996 Februan 142000

March 7 2001 March 182003

May 8 2003 lanuary 27 2005

July 20 2005

January 31 2006 September 11 2008

August 2009

30 Background

31 Physical Characteristics

The Site is located at 2405 North 71^ Street within the City of Tampa in Hillsborough County Florida (Figure 1) This active commercial and industrial land use area is known as Orient Park or Bunchville An acfive CSX railway line mns along the southem border ofthe Site The active main operating facility is on a single 65-acre parcel (Parcel A-I4-29-19-4CA-000000-000220) bounded by Orient Road to the east East 14 Avenue to the north and North 71^ Street to the west Three additional parcels (Parcel A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000320 Parcel A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000330 and Parcel A-14-29-19-4CE-000003-000010) totaling 197 acres located west of North 71 Street are also included as part ofthe Site and are known as the Helena Woods The Site is situated between two other Superfund sites I) the Alaric Area Ground Water Plume Superfund Site (Alaric Site) to the north ofthe Helena Woods area and to the west ofthe main operating facility and 2) the Stauffer Chemical Company (Tampa) Superfund Site to the southeast ofthe Site on the southem side ofthe CSX railroad tracks

The Site is approximately 05 miles west of Six Mile Creek and the Tampa Bypass Canal The Site is subject to flooding during periods of intense and extended rainfall Surface water at the Site is composed entirely of stonnwater mnoff and the sediment remediation in the Sites selected remedy addresses sediment deposited by this overland flow Stonnwater mnoff from the central portion ofthe Site channels into concrete drainage swales and flows into an on-site retention pond located in the southeastem comer ofthe operating facility parcel The retenfion pond is designed to hold stonnwater mnoff during a 20-year stonn A spillway at the southeastem corner ofthe retention pond allows overflow to drain into a drainage ditch parallel to the CSX railroad tracks The retention pond is part ofthe mnoff control system at the Site and does not constitute a significant ecological habitat

On the westem and northem boundaries ofthe operating facility parcel stonnwater flows to the southwest where it collects in a low-lying section ofthe Helena Woods area and then flows to the north via a paired ditchculvert system along the east and west shoulders of North 71st Street On the east boundary surface water flow continues south along the ditch parallel to Orient Road Drainage tums eastward through a culvert under Orient Road then travels east-northeast for approximately 05 miles The drainage pathway continues through a swale on the north side ofthe CSX right-of-way

Surficial deposits at the Site consist of a thin three to six inch layer of topsoil and sediment covering fine- to medium-grained sands These deposits extend approximately 11 feet below the ground surface (bgs) and are primarily unconsolidated brown fineshygrained sands with traces of organic matter clay silt medium-grained sand and shells The surficial deposits fonn a sharp contact with the underlying Intemiediate Confining Unit which is a stiff intemiediate clay unit between the overlying surficial aquifer and the underlying poorly consolidated limestones that grade into more indurated limestones

11

The bottom portions ofthe surficial unit are saturated year-round the water table fluctuates drasfically with precipitation with seasonal high-water tables rising to within one foot bgs The clay ofthe Intermediate Confining Unit or intennediate aquifer system has low hydraulic pemieability and fonns the semi-confining unit between the ground water of the surficial aquifer and the Floridan aquifer The Upper Floridan aquifer is encountered at approximately 80 feet bgs Moderately indurated clayey sandy limestone is present in the upper section ofthe Floridan aquifer

Ground water flow at the Site is oriented in a radial pattem to the northeast east southeast south and southwest Gradients are the highest in the southeastem direction and lowest toward the northeast and southwest

12

Figure I Site Location Map

Helena Chemical Company Superfund Site Tampa HiHsborough County Florida

Disclaimer This map and any boundary lines within the map are approximate and subject to change The map is not a survey The map is for informational purposes only regarding EPAs response actions at the Site and is not intended for any other purpose

13

Figure 2 Detailed Site Map

~ vHak Area Ground Water Plume Site t

h-V -bull

^

KbullVI^tHl

-

4 ^

See Figure 3 _JSCnSt detail

T--

bdquo bdquo ^ bdquo I

1

I C ^ bullbull

Stauffer Chemical Company (Tampa) Site

Zi

Lagand [ __ ftppronmals Boundary at Suf id A q u h i Gtowid VUMCf Plume L ^ BounMry

17 AjipxiitrratD Boundary of inMimodixe Aqutar System Grcurd Matnr Plume ^ Priaiate WWis Found D i ^ r ^ Sts inapecVon

bull lnlBiniediraquoIeA^u-fcrSyilBT MonlaingwVei Incnaed in Monilonnj Program S SurfcalApufcr Mantarng WBK Incliided in Manitomg Prcgran

^ Weimedisie Aquilei Sysle-n Moiatof Kig Well Not lncjltteltlaquo in Monltonng Progiain pound Suifcal Aqullte Montamo Well Not Inoufled n Monilonrraquo8 Pr agiam

Helena Chemical Company Superfund Site Tampa Hillsborough County Florida

y Disclaimer This map and any boundary lines within the map are approximate and subject to change The map is not a survey The map is for informational purposes only regarding EPAs response actions at the Site and is not intended for any other purpose

14

32 Land and Resource Use

The Site has been used for the manufacture storage and distribution of agricultural products since 1929 The original Site owner Flag Sulfur Company fomiulated a wide variety of insecticides herbicides and fungicides including wettable and dusting sulfur at the Site from 1929 until 1967 Helena Chemical Company acquired the business in 1967 and continued manufacturing operations In 1981 Helena Chemical Company

moved the pesticides herbicides and fiingicides fonnulation operafions to a facility in Georgia in 1981 and the Tampa facility has confinued fomiulating and packaging insecticidal spray oil and liquid fertilizers since that time The Site also serves as Helena Chemical Companys main distribution warehouse for sales locations in the State of Florida

The Site consists of four land parcels within a secured Site perimeter fence The largest of these parcels (65 acres) contains the active Helena Chemical Company offices warehouses and distribufion centers as well as associated paved parking areas This parcel (A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000220) is presenfly zoned for light industrial land uses The Planning Commission serving Hillsborough County the City of Plant City the City of Temple Terrace and the City of Tampa anticipates this parcels fijture land use to be heavy industrial The three smaller parcels forming the Helena Woods area are covered by low grassy vegetation and oak trees and also contain several ground water monitoring wells for the Alaric Site located immediately to the north Two ofthe Helena Woods parcels are listed as being vacant and the third is zoned for a mobile home park The Planning Commission anficipates that all three parcels will be zoned for heavy industrial use in the future North 7P Street fomierly crossed the CSX railroad tracks to the south ofthe Site but the road was closed after an accident at the crossing The street now dead ends at the entrance gate to the tmck loading area on the Helena Cheinical Company property and the closed section of street between the entrance gate and the railroad tracks is included within the Site perimeter fencing

Surrounding land uses predominanfly include various light and heavy industrial uses as well as commercial land uses Small pockets of single family residences are located several blocks to the north and to the west ofthe Site Buildings on the Site and throughout the area impacted by site-related ground water contaniination are connected to municipal water supply lines None ofthe ground water wells impacted by contamination fi^om the Site are used for potable water supply

33 History of Contamination

The facility was built in 1929 as a chemical plant for the production of sulfur and was owned and operated by Flag Sulfur Conipany No historical records regarding the specific products formulated during Flag Sulfijr Company operafions are available but previous facility managers indicated that the conipany manufactured wettable and dusting sulfijr and fomiulated pesticides herbicides fungicides and fertilizers at the Site In 1967 Helena Chemical Conipany purchased the facility fi^om Duval Corporation the owner of Flag Sulfur Company From 1967 to 1981 Helena Chemical Conipany produced

15

wettable and dusting sulfur and fomiulated pesticides herbicides fungicides and fertilizers at the Site The company purchased the raw niaterials fi^oiii suppliers and added solvent emulsifiers andor surfactant to give the finished product certain characteristics required for various applications and strengths

Historically most agricultural chemical fonnulation occurred in the East Warehouse building located in the south central portion ofthe main operating facility parcel The fonnulation process for liquid products would consist of mixing a technical chemical with various solvents a surfactant andor emulsifiers in aboveground mixing vessels in the East Warehouse building Various solvents including xylene and an intemiediate range petroleum solvent called T-500 were used as pesticide carriers or diluents These solvents were stored on site in aboveground storage tanks A 3500-galIon capacity aboveground xylene storage tank was historically located in a benned area to the east of the East Warehouse building This tank was vandalized in 1977 causing a release of xylene to the soil and ground water below

In 1974 Helena Cheinical Company began using a three-tank pollution control system to handle the wash-down waste generated from pesticide manufacturing The wash-down waste consisted primarily of pesticides in a xylene carrier It was diluted with other process water and stonnwater treated vvith caustic soda run through an aeration evaporation treatnient system and finally discharged to the on-site stomiwater retention pond Sludges associated with the treatment system were periodically removed and shipped to the Chemical Waste Management Inc facility in Emelle Alabama for appropriate disposal At an undetemiined time between 1984 and 1988 use ofthe three-tank pollution control system was discontinued

According to the 1996 ROD the on-site stomiwater retention pond may have received some overflow waste from the East Warehouse building before the pollution control tanks were installed in 1974 During construction ofthe retention pond soil in the southeastem portion ofthe Site was removed using backhoes and placed in the Helena Woods area While the Helena Woods area was never used for agricultural chemical fonnulation or packaging contaniination in this area is attributed to the dredge niaterials irom the retention pond and to treatinent with pesticides and herbicides during routine maintenance activities

Dry products were formulated in the east end ofthe West Warehouse building just south ofthe loading dock using a Raymond Mill for grinding and a set of ribbon blenders for mixing Helena Chemical Company would then package the finished product for resale Both Flag Sulfur Company and Helena Chemical Conipany manufactured sulfiir dust and wettable sulfur on site Flag Sulfur Companys operations are largely unknown Helena Chemical Companys sulfur processing operations consisted of transporting molten sulfur to the Site and unloading the sulfur in the fonner sulfijr pit area located south ofthe current central paved courtyard between the West and East Warehouse buildings The sulfur was contained in berms for a period of approximately 48 hours until it had solidified Heavy equipment was then used to break the sulfur into pieces for processing through the Raymond Mill

16

34 Initial Response

In 1976 Helena Chemical Company stopped processing sulfijr products The fomier sulfur pit area was excavated and then filled with clean sand In 1980 the fomiulation of dry fertilizers was also discontinued at the facility In 1981 Helena Chemical Company moved the pesticide herbicide and fungicide fonnulation operation to a company facility in Georgia Since 1981 Helena Chemical Company has fomiulated insecficidal petroleum oil (a 70-viscosity paraffin-based oil with an emulsifier additive) and liquid fertilizers at the Site In addition to products produced at the facility numerous agricultural products are stored in the warehouse prior to distribution to Helena Chemical

- Companys Florida sales offices mdash

In 1984 FDEP inspected the Site and required quarterly monitoring ofthe surficial aquifer From 1988 to 1990 EPA investigated the Site and found pesticide contaniination in the on-site soil sediment and surficial aquifer Based on the potential for hunian exposure via ingestion of contaminated ground water EPA proposed the Site for listing on the NPL in Febmary 1992 and finalized the listing in October 1992

The Florida Department of Health and Rehabilitative Services (FHRS the predecessor of FDEP) in cooperation with the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry prepared a public health assessment for the Site in September 1993 In that report FHRS expressed concem for on-site worker contact with contaminated soil and exposure to sediment and ground water FHRS made several recommendations that additional data should be collected Under a September 1992 Consent Order with EPA Helena Cheinical Coinpany perfonned a RIFS at the Site The primary objectives ofthe invesfigation were to detemiine the nature magnitude and extent of contamination evaluate potential risks to human health and the environinent and evaluate potential cleanup altematives Site operations have remained active throughout site investigations and remedial activities

35 Basis for Taking Action

The results ofthe RIFS documented extensive surface soil and sediment contaniination including pesticides semivolatile organic compounds and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) related to fonner operations by Helena Chemical Company and its predecessors The investigations also documented contamination of ground water in the surficial aquifer and intemiediate aquifer systems with chlorinated pesticides polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons phenols and VOCs A human health risk assessment perfonned by Black and Veatch in 1994 concluded that risks to current and future site workers current and future trespassers and potential future Site residents exceeded acceptable risk and hazard thresholds

17

40 Remedial Actions

In accordance with CERCLA and the NCP the ovemiding goals for any remedial action are protecfion of human health and the environment and compliance with applicable or relevant and appropriate requirements (ARARs) A nuinber of remedial altemafives were considered for the Site fmal selection was made based on an evaluafion ofeach altemative against nine evaluation criteria that are specified in Secfion 300430(e)(9)(iii) ofthe NCP The nine criteria include

L Overall Protectiveness of Human Health and the Environment 2 Compliance with ARARs 3 Long-Tenn Effectiveness and Pennanence 4 Reduction of Toxicity Mobility or Volume of Contaminants through Treatment 5 Short-temi Effectiveness 6 Implementability 7 Cost 8 State Acceptance 9 Community Acceptance

41 Remedy Selection

EPA issued the site-wide ROD on May 7 1996 Based on the results ofthe Sites RIFS EPA detennined that remediation of soil sediment and ground water would be required for the protection of huinan health and the environment Remedial action objecfives (RAOs) established in the ROD for the Site include

bull Restore the Site to beneficial use bull Reduce risk to human health within EPAs acceptable risk range (ie total

residual cancer risk between 1 x 10 to 1 x 10 and maximum individual contaminant Hazard Quotient of 1)

bull Reduce ecological risk bull Protect ground water from continued degradation by Site contaminants

The remedy selected in the Sites 1996 ROD consisted ofthe following remedial components for source control in soil and sediment

Implement institutional controls (ie fencing (cumenfiy considered an engineering control) and deed restrictions) Demolish tank fanii pads east ofthe liquid processing building (East Warehouse) and dispose ofthe debris offsite Excavate material from the fonner sulfur pit and dispose of excavated materials offsite Neutralize soil in place if located in areas where sulfur is present but inaccessible Excavate contaminated surface soil and sediment (zero to two feet) where concentrations exceed soil cleanup goals Biologically treat contaminated surface soil and sediment

bull Place treated soil back on site

Major components ofthe ground water remedy selected in the 1996 ROD include

bull Extract contaminated ground water bull Treat contaminated ground water to meet surface water discharge standards bull Discharge treated ground water to on-site ponds or to the Tampa Bypass Canal

under a National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System pemiit bull Place controls on Site to restrict the use of ground water beneath the Site through

the filing of deed notices in order to limit exposure to contaminated ground water until cleanup goals are met

The 1996 ROD selected cleanup goals for contaminants of concem (COCs) in both ground water and surface soil (Table 2) As Site data suggested that sediments with pesticide contamination attributable to the Site were primarily present in drainage ditches that were typically dry remediation of sediment in Site drainage features was to be managed using the surface soil cleanup goals protective of hunian health The 1996 ROD also selected a confingency remedy for Site soil and sediment If treatability studies demonstrated that the selected biological treatinent remedy could not achieve the performance standards listed in Table 2 low temperature themial desorption (LTTD) was to be used in lieu ofthe biological treatnient

Table 2 COCs and Cleanup Goals

bull bull - y y Contaminant of Concern

44-dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (44-DDT) Aldrin Alpha-benzene hexachloride (Alpha-BHC) Beta-benzene hexachloride (Beta-BHC) Gamma-benzene hexachloride (Gamma-BHC) Chlordane Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane (DDD) Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) Dieldrin Endosulfan 1 Endosulfan II Heptachlor Heptachlor epoxide Total xylenes Toxaphene

Ground Water 7 Cleanup Goal

(micrograms per liter ^gL)

03

005

005

01

02

NA NA NA NA 01

7

2 NA NA 20 NA

Surface Soil and Sediment Cleanup Goal

(milligrams per kilogram mgkg)

NA

018

047

NA

NA

23 126 89 89

019 NA NA 067 034 NA 276

NA not applicable

19

In January 2005 EPA issued an Explanation of Significant Differences (ESD) to modify part ofthe remedy described in the 1996 ROD The purpose ofthe ESD was to modify the xylene cleanup goal for ground water from 20 micrograms per liter (|JgL) per the Florida secondary maximum contaminant level (MCL) to 10000 (igL per the State and federal primary MCL Secondary MCLs are non-mandatory standards under the Superfund prograin and are not enforceable by EPA however they are a component of the State of Floridas drinking water statute State and federal primary MCLs are enforceable standards established to protect the public against consumption of drinking water that presents a risk to huinan health The ESD also called for continued monitoring ofthe effecfiveness ofthe xylene treatnient and for evaluation of further remedial actions should the presence of xylene a solvent mobilize residual soil pesticide contaminants into ground water

42 Remedy Implementation

Remedial design and remedial actions for soil sediment and ground water at the Site are being implemented by the Helena Chemical Company under a 1996 Unilateral Administrative Order An additional Consent Decree was filed in 2005 for EPA to recover past and future costs incurred and to require Helena Cheinical Conipany to pay EPA oversight costs at the Site and at a separate Site in South Carolina also owned by Helena Chemical Coinpany

Soil and Sediment Source Control

In 1999 additional grid-based sampling was conducted in the xylene source area (east of the East Warehouse building) to detemiine the boundaries for the soil removal excavation Bench-scale studies were performed by EPAs Ecosystems Research Division and EPAs Science and Ecosystems Support Division to investigate the effectiveness of incorporating zero-valent iron in soil to facilitate abiotic degradation of chlorinated pesticides These studies were implemented in 1999 but were tenninated early due to lack of measurable COC degradation Helena Chemical Company then explored the option of using the Xenorein bioremediation process which had been successfijlly implemented on the adjacent Stauffer Chemical Co (Tampa) Superfund site The extent of contamination prevented direct application ofthe Xenorem approach at the Site Helena Chemical Conipany learned however that an off-site disposal facility the Waste Management Inc hazardous waste treatment facility in Carlyss Louisiana (facility nuniber LAD0007772010P1) had been authorized to bioremediate wastes in July 1998 and could potentially accept the excavated Site materials for bioremediafion at the off-site facility EPA approved the change from on-site to off-site treatinent and disposal of contaminated soil and sediment in a letter dated Febmary 14 2000

The 1996 ROD had also stipulated LTTD as a contingency soil treatment should biological treatinent be ineffective EPA requested this contingency be explored in 1999 Helena Chemical Coinpany retained Focus Environmental Inc to perfonn the evaluation ofthe contingency treatinent The evaluation concluded that LTTD was not a practical remedy for the Site primarily due to concems related to elevated sulfijr concentrations in

20

soil which would require air pollution controls to remove acid gas generated by the treatnient as well as space limitations on the Site which would not pemiit an efficient layout and operafion ofthe treatment and material handling units

In 2000 Helena Chemical Conipany excavated 7700 tons of pesticide-contaminated soil fi-om the Site including the xylene source area and an additional 600 tons of pesticide-contaminated soil and sediment from the drainage ditch area along the CSX railway right-of-way just south ofthe Site Soil was transported to the Waste Manageinent Inc facility in Carlyss Louisiana for bioremediation andoff-site disposal Surface soils were excavated to a depth of two feet According to the 1996 ROD the water table in the area fluctuates between two and four feet bgs Therefore the excavation of surface soils to two feet bgs would address soil contaminafion above the water table but not contaniination existing below the water table The excavation areas were lined with an --indicator fabric prior to backfilling the areas with clean inaterials and seeded with grass where appropriate

Delineation activifies to detemiine the extent of sulfur contaniination in the fonner sulfur pit area were perfonned from 2001 through 2003 and remedial work was perfomied in two separate phases A metal building covering much ofthe area where sulfijr remedial work was to be perfonned was dismanfled and transported offsite for recycling During phase 1 remedial work performed in 2004 soil and concrete were excavated from the elevated loading dock area and the west side ofthe tank fann for off-site treatinent and disposal During phase II remedial work perfonned in 2005 soil and concrete were excavated from the northem tank fann and fonner warehouse boundaries Approximately 3000 tons of soil and crystallized (fomierly molten) sulfur were removed during the 2004 and 2005 removal activities and also shipped to the Waste Management Inc facility in Carlyss Louisiana for off-site disposal

The 2005 ESD changed the xylene ground water cleanup goal from 20 |JgL to 10000 ^gL Since the presence of xylene in ground water could mobilize residual pesticide contamination in soil into ground water the ESD included post-treatment monitoring of the xylene area This monitoring includes all COCs established in the 1996 ROD and a specific assessment of whether the remaining xylene concentrations are sufficiently low to ensure that cosolvency is not facilitating the transport of residual pesticides that might be lingering in the soil If cosolvency is found to be mobilizing residual pesticide contaminants fi-om soil to ground water this assessment will be used to detennine whether further active treatment of xylene to below the federal and state primary standard is necessary

Ground Water

The ground water remedy described in the 1996 ROD has not yet been implemented at the Site due to discovery of contaminafion and investigations at the adjacent Alaric Site and concems that the selected remedy would potentially cause further contaminafion of the aquifer systems Altemative ground water treatments are currently being investigated in the pilot-scale treatability study underway at the Site Supplemental data collection and

21

ground water plume delineafion studies began in 1998 Ground water sampling perfonned in existing surficial aquifer and intemiediate aquifer system monitoring wells in Febmary 1998 resulted in the installation of additional surficial aquifer wells south of the Site to further delineate the nature and extent of contaniination The results ofthis study also detemiined the need for further investigation of ground water contamination in the xylene area (location of 1977 release immediately east ofthe East Warehouse on the Site Figure 3) in the sulfijr area (locafion ofthe fonner sulfiir pit in central courtyard on the Site Figure 3) and in the intemiediate aquifer system

Field activities to address the recommendations ofthe Febmary 1998 investigation were implemented in April 2001 Eight additional monitoring wells (MW-24 through MW-31 Figure 2) were installed south and east ofthe Site on City of Tampa rights-of-way to monitor the extent of contamination in the surficial aquifer Contamination was also identified in shallow areas ofthe intermediate aquifer system Ground water sampling and supplemental field activities were perfonned from October 2002 through January 2003 These activities included intennediate aquifer invesfigations xylene source area invesfigations downgradient surficial aquifer monitoring well installation and sulfur area invesfigations Additional intermediate aquifer system monitoring wells (MW-32 and MW-33 Figure 2) were installed along Orient Road during a November 2002 comprehensive ground water sampling event The new wells were installed to provide intemiediate monitoring points for xylene pesficide and herbicide contamination

While the 2002 and 2003 field acfivities were being perfonned significant chlorinated solvent contamination from the adjacent Alaric Site was discovered in both the surficial aquifer and intennediate aquifer systems this contamination was commingling with the westem portion ofthe Sites ground water plume The implementation ofthe ground water pump-and-treat remedy selected for the Site had the potential to exacerbate contaminant plume migration from the Alaric Site For this reason EPA detennined that implementation ofthe pump-and-treat remedy for the Site should be delayed until delineation and remediation ofthe surficial aquifer at the Alaric Site is completed

Additional comprehensive ground water sampling events were perfonned in May 2005 to provide a baseline for water quality following complefion ofthe sulfur area removal acfions and in December 2006 to detennine current condifions across the monitoring well network Selected wells were also sampled in March August and November 2007 and January 2008 to gauge the overall effectiveness ofthe sulfur area removal in addressing source contaminafion ofthe surficial aquifer Given the probability that the selected pump-and-treat remedy for ground water at the Site would be incompatible with ground water treatnient activities being designed at the adjacent Alaric Site several altemafive management approaches to address ground water contamination in the sulfur area and associated plume were explored

In June 2009 Helena Chemical Conipany presented EPA with a Pilot Test and Interim Monitoring Work Plan to address ground water contamination without implementing the pump-and-treat remedy EPA approved the Work Plan in August 2009 and implementation began in August 2009 The pilot study is expected to last for one year

22

with an additional one-year contingency period The work plan addresses four critical areas of source control and monitoring the sulfur area the xylene area supplemental monitoring efforts and interim ground water monitoring activities while pilot testing is underway

Sulfijr Area Pilot Study

The pilot study objecfive in the sulfijr area is to detennine whether buffering pH and introducing zero-valent iron will allow natural degradation of benzene hexachloride (BHC) and sulfates in the source area through biological or physical mechanisms Low pH elevated sulfate and residual sulfiir in the sulfur area are thought to be inhibiting natural biological degradation processes and minimizing the physical attenuafion of contaminants within the aquifer-matrix which would typically occur through adsorpfion-and aqueous chemical reactions such as hydrolysis Given the residual sulfur in the soil which continues to act as a long-term source for sulfuric acid sulfate control was required in addition to pH controls Zero-valent iron was selected as the primary pilot study treatment technology for the sulfur area because it has been used effectively to facilitate abiofic degradation of BHCs is effecfive at moderating pH and acts as an oxygen scavenger limiting any future oxidafion of residual sulfur in the soil Additional neutralization with lime andor hydroxides and biological sulfate reduction may also be utilized to control pH levels if necessary

Two sulfur study areas known as the East Plot and the West Plot have been implemented in the central courtyard ofthe Site on either side ofthe fomier sulfur pit location (Figure 3) Each plot consists of eight injection wells Cheinical injections were administered in the third quarter of 2009 and sampling is being conducted at 60-day interals for the 360 days following the injections

Xylene Area Pilot Study

The xylene pilot test was designed to gauge the effectiveness of anaerobic biodegradatlon in degrading xylene and residual BHCs Total xylene concentrafions have declined since the 2000 soil removal action in the former xylene tank area but have remained above cleanup goals Site conditions such as low pH lack of nutrients and lack of electron accepting substrates (eg nitrate iron and sulfate) were thought to be limiting xylene and BHC degradadon The pilot test also sought to increase degradation rates without introducing treatments that would complicate efforts in the adjacent sulfijr pilot study bull area so the xylene treatinent was designed in consideration ofthe existing anaerobic Site conditions

One xylene pilot study area was implemented in the fonner xylene tank area (Figure 3) The plot includes six injection wells and 12 monitoring wells The first round of nutrient and electron acceptor substrate injections was perfonned in the third quarter of 2009 and the second round of injections was perfomied in the fourth quarter of 2009 As with the sulfijr pilot study area sampling is being conducted at 60-day intervals for the 360 days following the first round of injections

23

Monitoring Acfivities

Supplemental monitoring efforts in the work plan include installation of monitoring wells on the Fesfive Floats property located directly south ofthe Site on the opposite side of the CSX railway tracks and addifional investigation to detemiine the northem extent of low pH and elevated sulfate and BHC concentrations Until a revised ground water remedy is selected for the Site interini ground water monitoring activities in both the surficial and intermediate aquifer systems will include sampling every nine months to assess seasonal variability in concentrations and monitor for any changes in COC concentrations

24

Figure 3 Map of Pilot Study Area

r

SWTBD

swTZD s w n u

StfT-HD A I ^ raquoswr3u SWTU

swrsu

West Warehouse

SETTO SET1U

SET3U SETD A y A J

I SETSD

sensD raquo SETsu

5ET7U

X40

XI6D

^^xth 7 -^ ^IZD-- ^

_ X S U X8D B^=^X12tJ bull bull X l fU

X8U xi f lD

Legend

bull Surflclat Adulter Sulfur Arlaquoa P M Test Wall

Surlicii i AquHler Xylene Area Ptky Test Ir^ctnsn MHI

bull Suifidal Aquilei Xylene Area Pikx Tesl Monilming Well

I Sile Bounoaiv J Fee 90 too

L 7WL o NORTH

Figure 3 Site Map

Pilot Study Areas

Helena Chemical Company Superfund Site Tampa Hillsborough County Flonda

Disclaimer This map and any boundary lines within the map are approximate and subject to change The map is not a survey The map is for informational purposes only regarding EPAs response actions at the Site and is not intended for any other purpose

25

43 Operation and Maintenance (OampM)

The 1996 ROD anticipated that the ground water pump-and-treat system would be operated at the Site for a 30-year period and estimated that OampM ofthe system would cost $1289000 over the course ofthe 30 years The ground water remedy selected in the 1996 ROD has not yet been implemented due to developments at the adjacent Alaric Site and ongoing pilot testing at the Site As remedial activities continue with pilot testing there are no OampM acfivities undei-way at the Site and the activities to be addressed in a site OampM plan will depend on the future revised remedy for ground water for the Site

26

50 Progress Since the Last Five-Year Review

The protectiveness statement from the 2006 FYR for the Site stated the following

77^ remedy implemenled at the [Helena Chemical Company Tampa Site currently protects human health and the environment because source area actions implemented for pesticide-contaminated soil and the sulfur pit source area have been completed during this review period Additional evaluations of low pH conditions will be performed to assess the need for supplemental neutralization in conjunction with future groundwater actions No remedial actions for groundwater have been implemented at this time Site data evaluations and remedy evaluations will ensure the remedy will be protective In the interim exposure pathways that could result in unacceptable risks are incomplete Conditions-at the site are not expected to change in the near future given the area s land use (commercialindustrial) However in order for the remedy to be protective in the long term the following actions need to be taken a full evaluation ofthe need for deed reslriclions and if necessary they will be imposed

The 2006 FYR included three issues and recommendafions Table 3 summarizes each recommendation and its current status

Table 3 Progress on Recommendations from the 2006 FYR

Section

51

Recommendations

EPA FDEP and Helena Chemical Company will discuss ground water remedy issues including the need for fijrther assessment of natural attenuation processes Dialogue will generate a priority list for evaluation identify evaluation teclmiques and establish an evaluation timetable Ground water remedy discussions will be initiated by the second quarter of 2006

Parties Responsible

EPA FDEP Helena

Chemical Company

Milestone Date

4302006

Action Taken and Ontcome

Discussions between EPA FDEP and Helena Chemical Company have resulted in the development of a pilot testing work plan to explore treatment options for enliancing biological and physical degradation processes This pilot study was initiated in August 2009

Date of Action

08312009

27

Section

52

53

Recommendations

EPA FDEP and Helena Chemical Company will evaluate ylene source area issues Discussions will include prioritization of any additional RD activities evaluation of remedial cleanup goals etc Xylene remedy discussions will be initiated by the first quarter of 2006

Helena Chemical Company will evaluate the requirements for implementing deed restrictions on the property and whether any remedy-specific requirements must be incorporated into the institutional control A fiill evaluation ofthe need for deed restrictions will be made and if necessary they will be imposed This evaluation will be completed by the fourth quarter of 2006

Parties Responsible

EPA FDEP Helena

Chemical Company

Helena Chemical Company

Milestone Date

4302006

12312006

Action Taken and Outcome-

Pilot test program discussions between EPA FDEP and Helena Chemical Company have resulted in the development of a work plan to explore effectiveness of anaerobic degradation of xylene and BHCs This pilot study was initiated in August 2009

EPA and FDEP are is discussions regarding the restrictive covenant for the Sites soil in order to prevent exposure Land use zoning is consistent vvith soil cleanup criteria and land use is not anticipated to change in the foreseeable future Ground water institutional controls are enforced through an EPA Memorandum of Agreement with the Southwest Florida Water Management District

Date of Action

08312009

Pending

51 Ground Water Remedy Discussions

The ground water pump-and-treat remedy selected in the 1996 ROD has not been implemented due to potential complications arising from commingling ofthe Sites ground water contaminants with those from the adjacent Alaric Site A Pilot Study and Interini Monitoring Work Plan was approved by EPA and implementation began in August 2009 The Work Plan describes the investigafion of chemical injecfions to enhance and facilitate natural physical and biological degradation rates for contaminants in the sulfiir area and in the xylene area The study is designed to assess the following questions

bull Is degradation occurring under pilot conditions

bull Can aquifer geochemistry be adjusted to facilitate remediafion

bull What is the longevity of amendments being injected

28

bull What zone of discharge is developed following injection and what is the expected duration ofthe zone of discharge

The study was scheduled to continue for 12 months with a contingency period of another 12 months if necessary At the conclusion ofthe study these questions will be addressed to detennine next steps in selecting an appropriate ground water remedy for the Site A final report documenting the effecfiveness ofthe first full year ofthe treatability study was not available at the fime this FYR report was drafted therefore a decision regarding whether to implement the additional 12 month contingency period had also not been made

52 Xylene Source Area Discussions

As noted in Section 51 EPA approved the Pilot Study and Interini Monitoring Work Plan in 2009 Per the Work Plan two rounds of nutrient and electron acceptor substrate were injected in the xylene area in late 2009 The injections are expected to enhance natural degradafion rates of xylene and BHCs sampling is being conducted every 60 days The study was scheduled to continue for 12 months with a contingency period of another 12 months if necessary A final report documenting the effectiveness ofthe first full year ofthe treatability study was not available at the time this FYR report was drafted therefore a decision regarding whether to implement the additional 12 month contingency period had also not been made

53 Institutional Controls Evaluation

At the request of FDEP the appropriate land use restrictions for the Site has not been yet been implemented While the ground water remedy is being assessed some interim institutional controls to protect against exposure to ground water contamination have been implemented The Site is presently surrounded by a secured perimeter fence that only pennits access to the property by authorized persons during regular business hours Helena Chemical Company intends to continue Site operations for the foreseeable future and does not intend to sell or lease the property so there is minimal potential for a party to unknowingly become exposed to Site soil or sediment contaniination or to impact the protectiveness ofthe remedial actions already in place The operating facility parcel is zoned light industrial the three Helena Woods parcels are zoned as either vacant land or as a mobile home park The local Planning Commission anticipates all four parcels will be zoned for heavy industrial use in the future which remains consistent with the industrial criteria used in selection of cleanup goals for the Site

EPA has also taken steps to limit the potential for exposure to contaminated Site ground water while ground water treatment pilot testing activities are completed In September 2008 EPA Region 4 and the Southwest Florida Water Management District (SWFWMD) entered into a Memorandum of Agreement regarding Site ground water Per the agreement EPA provides SWFWMD with infonnation regarding the area of ground water impacted or potentially impacted by the Site and SWFWMD acts as the regulatory authority to implement and enforce ground water use restrictions at and near

29

the Site The ground water area impacted by the Site is designated as Zone A marking the contamination zone and Zone B marking a buffer area surrounding Zone A The agreement stipulates that EPA must conduct a well survey of Zones A and B at least once every five years to identify any new wells constructed or operafing since the previous survey EPA remedial project manager (RPM) Galo Jackson conducted the first well survey concurrenfiy with the FYR Site inspection and identified two wells (Figure 2) One well was located along East 9 Avenue on the EQ Florida property in Zone A The second well was located along East 7 Avenue on the RampL Metals property in Zone B SWFWMD was notified of these wells in September 2010 The well in Zone A is currenUypemiitted for industrial use by EQ Florida and the well in Zone B has been plugged and abandoned on the RampL Metals property

SWFWMD has the authority to impose reasonable condifions necessary to protect the applicable water source and to prevent the spread of ground or surface water contaminafion For well construcfion pennits such conditions include prohibiting use of the well as a potable water supply requiring notice to well owners of potential ground water contamination or requiring specific methods ofconstruction Under Florida Administrafive Code (FAC) Rule 40D-3505(3) SWFWMD will deny an application for a well construction pemiit for activity in Zone A if use ofthe well would increase the potential for hanii to public health safety and welfareor if the proposed well would degrade the water quality ofthe aquifer by causing pollutants to spread

30

60 Five-Year Review Process

61 Administrative Components

EPA Region 4 initiated the FYR in May 2010 and scheduled its completion for January 2011 The EPA site review team was led by EPA RPM Galo Jackson and also included EPA site attomey Kevin Beswick EPA Community Involvement Coordinator (CIC) LTonya Spencer and contractor support provided to EPA by Christy Fielden and Sabrina Foster of E Inc In May 2010 EPA held a scoping call with the review team to discuss the Site and itenis of interest as they related to the protectiveness ofthe remedy cunently in place A review schedule was established that consisted ofthe following activities

Community notification Document review Data collection and review Site inspection Local interviews FYR Report development and review

62 Community Involvement

In January 2011 a public notice was published in the Tampa Tribune announcing the commencement ofthe FYR process for the Site providing contact information for RPM Galo Jackson and CIC LTonya Spencer and invifing community participation was published The press notice is available in Appendix B The FYR report will be made available to the public once it has been finalized Copies ofthis docunient will be placed in the designated site repository University of South Florida Library located at 4202 East Fowler Avenue Tampa Florida 33620 Upon completion ofthe FYR a public notice will be placed in the Tampa Tribune to announce the availability ofthe final FYR report in the Sites document repository

63 Document Review

This FYR included a review of relevant site-related documents including the ROD remedial action reports and recent monitoring data A complete list ofthe documents reviewed can be found in Appendix A

ARARs Review

Section 121(d)(2)(A) of CERCLA specifies that Superfund remedial actions must meet any federal standards requirements criteria or limitations that are detennined to be applicable or relevant and appropriate requirements (ARARs) ARARs are those standards criteria or limitations promulgated under federal or state law that specifically address a hazardous substance pollutant contaminant remedial action locafion or other circumstance at a CERCLA site To-Be-Considered criteria (TBCs) are non-promulgated

31

advisories and guidance that are not legally binding but should be considered in detennining the necessary level of cleanup for protection of human health or the environment While TBCs do not have the status of ARARs EPAs approach to detemiining ifan RA is protective of hunian health and the environment involves consideration of TBCs along with ARARs

Chemical-specific ARARs are specific numerical concentration restrictions on individually listed contaminants in specific media Examples of chemical-specific ARARs include the MCLs specified under the Safe Drinking Water Act as well as the ambient water quality criteria enumerated under the Clean Water Act Because there are usually numerous contaminants of potential concem for any Site various numerical quanfity requirements can be ARARs The final remedy selected for this Site was designed to meet or exceed all chemical-specific ARARs and meet location- and action-specific ARARs

Ground Water

According to the 1996 ROD cleanup goals for the nine ground water COCs were selected to ensure that remaining ground water concentrations would not exceed the 1 x 10~ risk level for carcinogens a Hazard Quotient (HQ) of 1 for non-carcinogens under an industrial land use scenario The cleanup goals for 44-DDT endosulfan 1 and endosulfan II were selected based on health-based criteria The site-specific health-based cleanup goal for 44-DDT was less stringent than Floridas ground water guidance and the ROD notes that the cleanup goal may need to be revisited in the future to obtain FDEPs agreement with deletion ofthe Site from the NPL upon completion of cleanup activities

Cleanup goals for aldrin alpha-BHC beta-BHC and dieldrin were based on the Florida Groundwater Guidance Concentration which is a TBC for the Site The cleanup goal for total xylene listed in the 1996 ROD was selected based on the State secondary MCL but was later modified in the 2005 ESD to be consistent with federal and State primary MCLs The cleanup goal for gamma-BHC was selected based on federal and State MCLs

The ARARs for aldrin alpha-BHC beta-BHC and dieldrin were compared to the current Florida Groundwater and Surface Water Contaminant Cleanup Target Levels (62 FAC 777) which is the cuirent State guidance on acceptable ground water contaminant concentrations (Table 4) The ARARs for all four of these COCs have become more stringent since the signing ofthe 1996 ROD The cleanup goals for gamma-BHC and total xylene were compared with National Primary Drinking Water regulations (40 CFR 141-143) and FDEP Drinking Water Standards Monitoring and Reporting Requirements (62 FAC 550310) The cleanup goals for gamma-BHC and total xylene remain the same as in the 1996 ROD and 2005 ESD respectively This review did not find that the assumptions used in calculation ofthe site-specific health-based cleanup goals for 44-DDT endosulfan I and endosulfan II had changed

32

Table 4 Previous and 2010 ARARs for Ground Water COCs

Contaminant of Concern bull bull bull bull ^ - gt J j J bull

44-DDT Aldrin Alpha-BHC Beta-BHC Gamma-BHC Dieldrin Endosulfan I Endosulfan II Total xvlenes

1996 ROD ARAROigL)

03 005 005 01 02 01 2 2

20

2005 ESD ARAR (ugL) r

mdash -mdash mdash mdash mdash mdash mdash

10000

2010 ARAR (UgL)

03 0002 0006 002 02-

0002= 2 7

10000

ARAR Change y - y bull

None More Stringent More Stringent More Stringent

None More Stringent

None None None

a Site-specific health-based standaid selecled to ensure tlial remaining ground waler concenirations would nol exceed lhe 1 x 10 risk level for carcinogens an HQ of 1 Ior non-carcinogens or the inslRimenl quantitation limit under an industrial land use scenaiio

b Cleanup goal selecled based on Florida Groundwater Guidance Concenlralion which is a TBC for ihc Sile c Cleanup goal selecled based on federal and Florida MCLs d Cleanup goal selected based on Florida secondary MCLs e Florida Groundwater and Surface Waler Cleanup Target Levels are available al

lmpAvwwdepslatenuswasicqiiick ionicsrulcsdocunieiils62-777TablelGroundwalciCTLs4-l 7-05ndllaccessed 8122010) A comparison of Floridas 1999 and 2005 Groundwater and Surface Waler Cleanup Target Levels is available al hllpu-vvvvdenslatenuswaslequick lopicsnublicalionswcbrownlicldsConipTabiesGroundwalerandSurli ccVValerCieaniipTartJelL evelspdf

f Cunent MCLs are based on federal (40 CFR 141-1431 and slate (62 FAC 550310) drinking waler slandards Federal standards are based on Nalional Primary and Secondaiy Drinking Waler Maximum Contaminant Levels (IU(p7valcrcpacovdrinkconlaininanlsindexcrniSLisi accessed S122010) and slale standards are based on Florida Slale Drinking Waler Synthetic Organic Conlajuinanls and their Slandards (hU|iwwwdcpslalciluswalerdrinkinswalersvn conlum accessed S122010)

g Gamma-BHC is lisied as lindane in federal and state MCLs

64 Data Review

Confinnatory sampling for the 2000 pesticide area removal action and for the 2004 and 2005 sulfijr area removal actions was perfonned immediately following the removals Surface soil and sediment with COC concentrations above industrial use cleanup goals had been effectively removed and no further sampling or OampM activities are required for surface soil and sediment

Ground water pilot test activities cunently underway include baseline sampling and four subsequent sampling events for the sulfur area (Table 5) and the xylene area (Table 6) The treatability study sampling events have been implemented as follows

Baseline sampling in August 2009 60-Day Event sampling in November 2009 120-Day Event sampling in January 2010 180-Day Event sampling in March 2010 and 240-Day Event sampling in May 2010

The pilot test is invesfigating methods for the biological and physical degradation of Site contaminants Follow-up sampling analyzes various aqueous geochemical parameters in addition to contaminant concentrations Per the EPA-approved work plan routine sampling analyses include four of the nine ground water COCs alpha-BHC beta-BHC

33

gamma-BHC and total xylenes in addition to various other contaminants and break-down products

In both the sulfur area and the xylene area ground water concentrations of alpha-BHC beta-BHC and gamma-BHC have predominantly remained consistent with baseline sampling levels and largely remain elevated above cleanup goals for the Site In the sulfur area total xylene concentrations in ground water when detected are well below the cleanup goal of 10000 igL The xylene release at the Site occurred downgradient from the fomier sulfur pit and these low concentrations of xylene are consistent with expectations for this area In the xylene area total xylene concentrations are responding to the treatment showing declines below the cleanup goal in several wells (eg X3U X5U X9U and XI IU) but showing increasing concentrations in other wells (eg X6D X7U and X8D) Only data fromthe first nine months ofthe treatability study were mdash available at the time this FYR report was being drafted detennination ofthe effectiveness of these treatments must wait until the study has been completed

Ofthe site-related VOCs present in the ground water plume only xylene and possibly ethylbenzene are present in the surficial aquifer and poses a potential vapor intrusion concem Remedial contractor EnSafe Inc included an updated total xylene plume map as Figure 5-5 in the 2009 Pilot Test and Interim Monitoring Work Plan This figure shows that concentrations at or above the xylene ground vater cleanup goal are located on the Helena Chemical Conipany property along the CSX Railroad right-of-way or under the railroad tracks The few buildings within this plume area are open-sided warehouse structures on the Helena Chemical Company property and thus a vapor intmsion assessment has not been necessary

Table 5 Sulfur Area Pilot Test COC Detections in Ground Water to Date

Well Sampled

Sampling Event

(Cleanup Goal)

COCs and Detected Concentrations (pgL)

Alpha-BHC

(005 pgL)

Beta-BHC -yy (01 pgL)

Gamma-BHC

(02 pgL)

Total Xylenes

(10000 pgL)

Ecw Plot Wells

SETIU

SET2D

SET3U

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

23 D

31

17

19

24

44 D

39

26

26

38

22

19

33 J

36 1

4

25

29

12 D

045

056

059

086

3

41

43 J

68

42

57

52

11 D

066

044

047

07

55

39 1

191

NA

0461

NA

31

U

NA

033 I

NA

082

58

NA

34

J y -Well

Sampled

SET4D

SET5U

SET6D

SET7U

SET8D

Sampling Event

(Cleanup Goal)

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

1 so-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

y y j COCs and Detected Concentrations (pgL)

Alpha-BHC

(005 pgL)

17

17

28

41 D

62

37

3

37

21 D

bull 17

13

26

34

97 D

46

44

28

63

12

14

11

11

14

47

36

32

39

47

Beta-BHC

(OI pgL)

33

21

3

061 J

15

094

0461

- 068

36

41

47

4

61

12

12

095

078 1

075

13

16 1

13

15

15

087

073

064

08 1

076

Gamma-BHC

(02 pgL)

44

341

57

074 J

087

12

046 1

- - 052

39

37 1

31

51

48

11

082 1

05

04 1

043

32

27

28

23

28

1

14

11

1 I

095

Total Xylenes

(10000 pgL)

86

NA

7

171

NA

11 1

NA

036

64

NA

3

NA

39

25

NA

76

NA

56

21

NA

35

NA

15

U

NA

33

NA

17

laquocv Plot Wells

SWTIU

SWT2D

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

1 so-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

19 IJ

099

14

13

22

048 J

U

U

0031

063 J

053

052

06

075

023 J

U

U

014

U

032

038

03

059

U

U

U

000941

U

NA

U

NA

U

0441

NA

07 1

NA

35

Well Sampled

SWT3U

SWT4D

SWT5U

SWT6D

SWT7U

SWT8D

-bull i

Sampling Event

(Cleanup Goal)

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

COCs and Detected Concentrations (pgL)

Alpha-BHC

(005 pgL)

U

075 J

18

13

14

22

073

018 --

U

U

U

51

U

16

41

18

037 J

073

056

057

061

039

029

045

059

073

028

02

015

016

011

Beta-BHC

(01 pgL)

U

021

079

035

033

047

036

- 0094

U

U

U

26

23

093

022 1

036

029 1

033

022

U

026

03

039

047

057

051

U

013

011

U

0056

Gamtiia-BHC

(02 pgL)

U

u 029

0084

019

022

U

012

011

012

U

24

24

08

052

U

U

0031 I

U

U

U

U

U

u u u u

00171

002 I J

U

U

Total Xylenes

(10000 pgL)

U n

NA

U

NA

069

U

NA

U

NA

U

72

NA

73

NA

60

36

NA

U

NA

U

U

NA

U

NA

U

92

NA

U

NA

U

D value reported from second diluiion 1 eslimaled valuebelow reporting limil J eslimaled value NA nol analyzed U undetected fitilic- COC was detected bul concentration was below cleanup goal

36

Table 6 Xylene Area Pilot Test COC Detections in Ground Water to Date

yy-

J j Well Sampled

XIU

X2D

X3U

X4D

X5U

X6D

X7U

Sampling Event

(Cleanup Goal)

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

_Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

COCs and Detected Concentrations (pgL)

Alpha-BHC

(005 pgL)

8 D

NA

NA

56

NA

71

NA

NA

58 J

NA

15D

NA

NA

15

NA

12D

NA

NA

23

NA

78 D

NA

NA

44 J

NA

52 D

NA

NA

28 J

NA

61 D

NA

NA

46

NA

Beta-BHC

(01 pgL)

19 D

NA

NA

13 J

NA

17

NA

NA

17J

NA

3 J

NA

NA

36

NA

13J

NA

NA

13 1

NA

093 ID

NA

NA

08 J

NA

091 ID

NA

NA

07 J

NA

12D

NA

NA

089

NA

Gamma-BHC

(02 pgL)

U

NA

NA

U

NA

071 I

NA

NA

14 J

NA

046 J

NA

NA

bull056

NA

42 J

NA

NA

82

NA

U

NA

NA

O I J

NA

38 D

NA

NA

2 J

NA

U

NA

NA

U

NA

Total Xylene

(10000 pgL)

200

13

11

23

29

180

56

54

150

42

23000

11000

13000

1400

4500

19000

12000

19000

22000

15000

18000

21000

20000

3200

13000

3000

1100

6000

40000

3000

24000

31000

37000

81000

34000

37

Well Sampled

X8D

X9U

bull XIOD

X l l U

X12D

Sampling Event

(Cleanup Goal)

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

COCs and Detected Concentrations (pgL)

Alpha-BHC

(005 pgL)

57

NA

NA

21 J

NA

39

NA

NA

53

NA

43

NA

NA

59

NA

81

NA

NA

49

NA

39

NA

NA

56

NA

Beta-BHC

(01 pgL)

14

NA

NA

018 U

NA

021 I

NA

NA

026 J

NA

049

NA

NA

061 I

NA

097

NA

NA

075 1

NA

064 1

NA

NA

093 ID

NA

Gamma-BHC

(02 pgL)

12

NA

NA

057 U

NA

025 1

NA

NA

017 J

NA

45

NA

NA

7

NA

U

NA

NA

U

NA

16

NA

NA

34

NA

Total Xylene

(10000 pgL)

960

7100

27000

19000

5700

22000

14000

35000

2700

950

770

260

780

760

540

14000

3800

1600

600

11000

4900

250

I I00

5800

9300 D value reponed from second dilution 1 eslimaled value below reponing limit J estimated value NA nol analyzed U not applicable Ilalics COC was delecled bul concenlralion was below cleanup goal

38

65 Site Inspection

On July 8 2010 the site inspection was perfomied by the following participants Galo Jackson of EPA Region 4 Edward Brister ofthe Helena Chemical Coinpany and Christy Fielden and Sabrina Foster of E~ Inc The completed Site inspection checklist is available in Appendix D Photographs were taken of site features including monitoring wells and access controls (Appendix E)

The Site has been in continuous operation since 1929 as an agricultural chemical manufacturing and distributing facility The bulk of chemical fonnulation activifies have been moved off-site to a different Helena Cheinical Coinpany facility in Georgia however some formulation and packaging of insecticidal spray oil and liquid fertilizers still occur at the Site The Site also serves as Helena Chemical Companys main-distribution warehouse for sales locations in the State of Florida

The Site inspection was led by Mr Ed Brister the Engineering Safety Health and Environment Director for the Helena Chemical Company who provided a tour ofthe full Helena Chemical Coinpany property indicating where remedial actions had been implemented and explaining the locations and associated activifies of current pilot testing for the ground water treatability study Several monitoring and injection wells were located during the Site inspection all active site wells were properly secured or had been appropriately abandoned Injection and monitoring wells for the adjacent Alaric Site were noted on the Helena Woods area ofthe Site but were not inspected since they are related to a different site The Site is well maintained and has a secure perimeter fence and clear signage in place Unauthorized persons are restricted from accessing the property outside of regular business hours

Evaluation and implementafion of institutional controls were discussed during the Site inspection Several interim institutional controls have been implemented for the Site and final institutional controls including land use restrictions will be evaluated and implemented if necessary once the current pilot-scale ground water remedy treatability study has concluded and a revised ground water remedy has been selected Zoning designations and the Helena Chemical Companys intention to continue operations at the Site for the foreseeable future liniit the potential for inappropriate land uses or on-site operations incompatible with remedy components in place EPA has also implemented ground water institutional controls through a Memorandum of Agreement with SWFWMD

On July 7 2010 E Inc staff conducted research regarding Site deed infonnation at the Hillsborough County Deed Records Office The approximately eight-acre Site is situated on four parcels of land 1) 65-acre Parcel A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000220 2) 088-acre Parcel A-14-29-I9-4CA-000000-000320 3) 092-acre Parcel A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000330 and 4) 017-acre Parcel A-14-29-19-4CE-000003-000010 (Figure 4) Deed records for the four parcels could not be located in the online database or microfilm collection at the deeds office Galo Jackson EPA RPM for the Site was infonned that the deeds could not be located and conducted a title search for the property through EPA

39

databases but was also unable to locate deed records According to the Hillsborough County Property Appraisers Office all four parcels are presently owned by Helena Chemical Company The active cheinical distribufion warehouse is located on Parcel A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000220

On July 8 2010 E Inc staff visited the designated local Site repository at the University of South Florida Library located at 4202 East Fowler Avenue Tampa Florida 33620 as part ofthe site inspection The site repository contained fourteen volumes of administrative documents and other infonnation pertaining to the Site This infomiation included documentation ofthe initial remedial investigation and feasibility study as well as a copy ofthe 1996 ROD The 2005 ESD and 2006 FYR could not be located at the time ofthe Site inspection but were provided to the library by RPM Galo Jackson on January 212011

The 1996 ROD called for institutional controls to be put in place as part of both the soil and sediment remedy and the ground water remedy (Table 7) According to the ROD soil and sediment institutional controls were to include deed restrictions Fencing was to provide an engineering control The Site is presently surrounded by a secured perimeter fence and access gates are locked outside of nonnal business hours The operating facility parcel is currently zoned as light industrial and the Helena Woods parcels are zoned as vacant land and a mobile home park The local Planning Commission anficipates rezoning all four parcels for heavy industrial use The fiature anficipated land use is consistent with the industrial exposure criteria used in the selection of Site cleanup goals The ROD also called for deed restrictions to restrict the use of site-impacted ground water on and off the Site in order to limit exposure to contaminated ground water until cleanup goals are achieved EPA and FDEP are in discussions regarding the restrictive covenant in order to prevent fijture exposure to Site soil A 2008 Memorandum of Agreement between EPA Region 4 and SWFWMD addresses the need to restrict the use of site-related ground water The agreement establishes regular communication between the two agencies and affinns SWFWMDs regulatory authority to implement and enforce ground water use restrictions at the Site This authority addresses well constmction pemiits restrictions on use of wells for potable water supply and requirements that well owners be notified of ground water contaniination that may impact their wells At the request ofthe FDEP once the treatability study is completed and a revised ground water remedy for the Site has been selected the need for additional ground water institutional controls will be reevaluated and the existing institutional controls will be modified or new institufional controls will be implemented as appropriate

40

Figure 4 Site Parcel Map

c

ir Pirtplm ( ^ r | [ i Vjrtrl ID ^r-iti-v-lt 14UtKu^iraquoiii 0

A u raquo114CA O cac i ao aociit o

1 U raquo 19 4CilltXXgt0la 000130

1laquo2raquo lraquo-CIltCT0lf7 0iraquo(l l

M laquo n lt ) laquo l lt raquo i i o D r poDin o bull i 4 m laquo - laquo i F o o a n i j - a x u ^ i

A 1lt 2 19 ICAdWOOO tUGStO

laquo bull raquo 2raquo 1laquo bullCtOOOOOI-OXWlO

laquollaquo-raquo-19-fCAltraquo)0CWgt-00Mlaquo C

A14-V41V( I 40uai IKAll lO

AM 29 1V4CE aJDOM aODIIlJ)

laquo Ll 29 raquo 2ZZ D a m B 7K1D9

laquobull I t-J ]9-4claquoltnnraquoiKnraquo o

A-i4-raquo-]laquoltif (KU)ittMraquoaii] u A 14 J 9 14 laquoCA IXHIraquoDC(Xrli t

A 14 29 1raquo 4CA OOOOOOOMUO

raquo 1 4 29-19-4CE OOOOOI-OWWO A- l J9- )bullbulllaquo s wnmn-flooiM t A 14-29- UI4ig4IOOM94UOraquolgt

A 14 2laquo 19 4C9 OODOOl 400070

M-raquo-H 4C8laquo)000(K)OOaj I

A r H - i S i v - t c A H n x i M m i i a i A^14)l|1laquo-t(jt-0(lIMCH3Xl^ I

14 2 raquo 19-4Cpound 000001000012

A U 29- U 4 a OOOOOKXWOl-O

raquo 14 29 19 -4a oaoooraquolaquo)oolaquoo

14 j m ^ c o o n w i ^ n o i o n

A-14-2ltl-tW l-UCtitKMfiOagtlil Atlt29 iraquo4(xiioaaoii-iioagtio

A 14 29 1raquo4CA DOaOOO-OOQlSJ

A-tlaquo ZHIUCA-IKOOIXMKICOZ 0

AH-Jlaquoltllaquoiiraquo-TOKIC8-0lltIlU 0

A-]429iezzz-i)iiaxB-7Moao

A 14 29 194CAlaquoXI00Ca0ata0

A 1429^ i9-4CA-iicaaixi-ooa2a 2

A14 29-19 4CHIOOlaquogt7KIlaquoIraquo 0

A-14 JV tlaquo-laquoii -uxiot-nnDi i

A14 2laquo ilaquo-4CAiiooacii]-aaoigo A 14 23 LO 4CMI00Oraquo OOOOlO

A 14 29-isacE-oooora-aotrao

A-t4-ii-lraquo-laquo A-ooooawwoK o

A lA-2V^lraquot(A-Igt]ltKcll-IIIiaiI I

A 14-29 19-raquoCf oocoos acooi-o

A 14 29 19 ACI OOmOl-OCOOll

A-W-29-19-4CI-aXK)07-OOOOTjO

Arl4-Jraquo llti-4n-O30O3V00COI c

A l4 2raquo l9 4Ulaquoraquo006-OOOa24l

A 14 29 19 4 a 000004 OOOOSjO

A 14 29-19-4CC-D0O00aOO0a3lCI

A t raquo 29-19-laquotA4laquoIO0OT-00CO9O

bull i4-2raquo^iltM( A-oniucu IXUltl 0

A 14 2raquo 19gt4CA4gt0O(ICa OOOISXI

A 14 raquo 1raquo4CA DOOOOO 00014 1

Legend

I Site Parcels

I ^ _ J site Boundary

AjiprowmatBBoundary o tSurfc ia l Aquiter Ground Whter Pfume |

Approximate Boundary of in tennedia te Aquieet Sys t em Ground w a t e r R u m e

A i Parcels

Helena Chemical Company Superfund Site Tampa Hillsborough County Florida

Disc la imer Th i s m a p and any b o u n d a r y l ines w i th in the m a p a re a p p r o x i m a t e a n d subject to c h a n g e T h e m a p is not a survey T h e m a p is for

informat ional pu rposes only r ega rd ing E P A s r e s p o n s e ac t ions at t h e Si te and is not in tended for any o the r purpose

41

Table 7 Institutional Control (IC) Summary Table

Media

Ground Water

Soil and Sediment

ICs Needed

Yes

Yes

ICs Called for in the Decision Documents

Yes

Yes

IC Objective

Restrict use of contaminated ground water to limit exposure until cleanup goals are achieved

Restrict land uses to industrial or similar

The 1996 ROD also listed fencing as an institutional control for soil and sed not been included above because it is considered an engineering control

Instrument in Place

The 1996 ROD called for deed notices as the institutional control instrument These have not been implemented However a 2008 Memorandum of Agreement between EPA and SWFWMD confirms SWFWMDs regulatory authority to restrict well constmction restrict well use as a potable water source and requiring that well owners benotified of ground water contamination that may impact their wells This authority applies to on-site parcels as well as off-site parcels covering the entire area affected by site-related ground water contamination

The land use restrictions called for in the 1996 ROD have not been implemented however Helena Chemical Company has maintained operations at the Site tliroughout remedial activities and intends to continue Site operations for the foreseeable future A restrictive covenant will be placed on the Site to ensure the Site is only used for industrial purposes The operating facility parcel is presently zoned for light industrial use and all four parcels will soon be rezoned for heavy industrial use which is consistent with the industrial exposure criteria used in selecting cleanup goals for the Site A secure perimeter fence restricts access to the Site limiting the potential for inadvertent soil exposure

ment source control however this has

42

66 Interviews

During the FYR process interviews were conducted with parties impacted by the Site including the current landowners and regulatory agencies involved in Site activities or aware ofthe Site The purpose ofthe interviews was to document the perceived status of the Site and any perceived problems or successes with the phases ofthe remedy that have been implemented to date Intei^views with Mr Jackson and Mr Brister were conducted during the site inspection on July 8 2010 Interviews with Ms Milicic and Ms Yeargan were conducted via e-mail on August 23 2010 and September 27 2010 respectively Several nearby businesses were also contacted but declined or did not have interest in being interviewed about the Site Interviews are summarized below and complete interviews are included in Appendix C

Galo Jackson Mr Jackson is the EPA RPM for the Site Mr Jackson indicates that a pilot-scale treatability study for site ground water is presently underway Results are being routinely shared with EPA and FDEP while there have been many challenges and it is still too early to detennine whether the treatments being explored can effecfively address ground water contamination he is hopeful that the treatments will be successful He has not received any complaints or inquiries from the community in the past five years and is not aware of any effects the Site may have had on the surrounding community He is pleased with the regular updates and infonnation he receives from the remedial contractor EnSafe Inc

Edward Brister Mr Brister is the Engineering Safety Health and Environinent Director for the Helena Chemical Conipany Mr Brister indicates that he is pleased with progress at the Site and believes that the remedial activities taken to date are perfomiing successfully He feels well infonned about activities and progress at the Site He does not know of any effects that the Site has had on the surrounding cominunity beyond the potential for Superfiind stigma which is common at many similar sites Mr Brister indicates that there is one residence in the area ofthe Site and that the owners a couple had expressed concems to him in the past He notes that the couple was temporarily relocated during removal activities in 2000 and again during sulfijr area removal actions in 2004 and 2005 Other than his discussions with the couple who were temporarily relocated he has not heard any complaints or concems from the cominunity regarding the Site

Karen Milicic Ms Milicic is the FDEP project manager for the Site Ms Milicic thinks that activities at the Site are making progress in addressing site COCs She is aware ofthe treatability study work that is presently underway and feels very well infonned regarding progress at the Site She believes that it is sfill too early to comment on the effectiveness ofthe current treatments being explored for ground water at the Site as the treatability study has not yet concluded She is not aware of any complaints or inquiries regarding the Site over the last five years

Mary Yeargan Ms Yeargan is the Environmental Protection Commission of Hillsborough County project manager for the Site Ms Yeargan has been involved at the

43

Site for many years and participated in the previous 2006 FYR site inspection She indicates that the Site is situated in an area that is impacted by multiple Superfijnd sites as well as other facilities that contribute to blight in the area She acknowledges that the Site may contribute to some more general community concems about the presence of Superfijnd sites in the area but she does not think that the Site specifically has been the source of concem within the larger area Since the 2006 FYR Ms Yeargan has received one complaint about potential ground water contaniination that a community member thought may have resulted from one ofthe area Superfund sites The well was tested by the Department of Public Health contamination was not detected in the sampling and the well was found to be safe for continued use She is not aware of any changes in laws or land use in the area that would impact the Site Given the shortage of lands available for heavy industrial uses she thinks it would be unlikely for the zoning ofthe parcels that compose the Site-to be changed to anything other than heavy industrial-She feels welf infomied about site activities and remains in regular communication as needed with EPA RPM Galo Jackson

44

70 Technical Assessment

71 Question A Is the remedy functioning as intended by the decision documents

The review of documents ARARs risk assumptions and the Site inspection indicate that the Sites soil remedy is functioning as intended by Site decision documents for soil and sediment Pesticide-contaminated surface soil and sediment at the Site and the adjacent CSX railway line east drainage ditch were excavated and shipped offsite for biological treatment and disposal Contaminated soil and residual sulfur were also excavated and shipped offsite for disposal Since there is commingling ofthe Sites ground water plumes with those ofthe adjacent Alaric Site the pump-and-treat ground water remedy selected in the 1996 ROD may not cunently be appropriate to implement at the Site until

- the Alaric Sites plumes have been remediated Helena Chemical Conipany proposed a pilot-scale treatability study to evaluate the feasibility of biological and physical ground water contaminant degradation The Work Plan for this treatability study was approved by EPA in August 2009 The study is currently underway and was scheduled to conclude by the fourth quarter of 2010 with a contingency period of another 12 months if necessary A final report documenting the effectiveness ofthe first fijll year ofthe treatability study was not available at the time this FYR report was drafted therefore a decision regarding whether to implement the additional 12 month contingency period had also not been made The final results ofthe treatability study will be used to infonn the selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site In the event that the treatability study is not successful EPA may consider additional avenues to approach remediation including additional excavation

The 1996 ROD selected the implementation of institutional controls in the form of deed restrictions for soil sediment and ground water to limit exposure to site-related contamination Fencing was also required by the 1996 ROD Land use restrictions have not been implemented for the Site however some interim institutional controls to protect against exposure to ground water contamination have been implemented Helena Chemical Company intends to confinue Site operations for the foreseeable future and has no intention to sell lease or transfer any portion ofthe Site Cunent and future zoning designations are consistent with the industrial land use criteria used in selection of Site COC cleanup goals In 2008 EPA entered into a Memorandum of Agreement with the SWFWMD The document confirms SWFWMDs regulatory authority to place restrictions on well placement and constmction Through shared infomiation between the two agencies SWFWMD can make infomied pennitting and enforcement decisions to prevent exposure to ground water contamination that could pose a risk to hunian health No impacted ground water wells are used for potable water buildings at the Site and in the surrounding area are connected to municipal water supply lines The need for additional institufional controls will be evaluated upon selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site

The Site is well-maintained and is surrounded by a secured perimeter fence with signs restricting access Access is limited to authorized persons during regular business hours

45

All site-related wells are secured or if no longer operational have been properly abandoned

72 Question B Are the exposure assumptions toxicity data cleanup levels and remedial action objectives (RAOs) used at the time of remedy selection still valid

The ARARs for four ofthe nine ground water COCs aldrin alpha-BHC beta-BHC and dieldrin have become more stringent since the signing ofthe 1996 ROD During the current ground water treatability study both alpha-BHC and beta-BHC have been detected at levels greater than the RODs less stringent cleanup goals for these COCs Remedial activities at the Site have allowed the continued industrial use ofthe property and have reduced ecological risk at the Site The selection of a revised ground water remedy is required before achieving the remaining two RAOs 1) protection of ground water from continued degradation by Site contaminants and 2) reduction of risk to human health within EPAs acceptable risk range Residual soil contamination remains present below the water table and the ground water plume continues to exceed cleanup goals The industrial land use at the Site and in the surrounding area is unchanged since the ROD was signed therefore the exposure assumpfions are still valid Benzene and ethylbenzene are being detected in the groundwater at concentrations above the primary drinking-water standards

73 Question C Has any other information come to light that could call into question the protectiveness ofthe remedy

No other infomiation has come to light that could call into question the protectiveness of the remedy

74 Technical Assessment Summary

The review of documents ARARs risk assumptions and the Site inspection indicate that the Sites soil remedy is functioning as intended by Site decision documents for soil and sediment Pesticide-contaminated surface soil and sediment at the Site and the adjacent CSX railway line east drainage ditch were excavated and shipped offsite for biological treatment and disposal Contaminated soil and residual sulfur were also excavated and shipped off-site for disposal Since there is commingling ofthe Sites ground water plumes with those ofthe adjacent Alaric Site the pump-and-treat ground water remedy selected in the 1996 ROD may not currently be appropriate to implement at the Site until the Alaric Sites plumes have been remediated Helena Chemical Company proposed a pilot-scale treatability study to evaluate the feasibility of biological and physical ground water contaminant degradafion The work plan for this treatability study was approved by EPA in August 2009 The study is currenfiy underway and was scheduled to conclude by the fourth quarter of 2010 vvith a contingency period of another 12 months if necessary A final report documenting the effectiveness ofthe first full year ofthe treatability study was not available at the time this FYR report was drafted therefore a decision regarding whether to implement the additional 12 month contingency period had also not been made The final results ofthe treatability study will be used to infonn the selection of a

46

revised ground water remedy for the Site In the event that the treatability study is not successful EPA may consider addifional avenues to approach remediation including additional excavation

The ARARs for four ofthe nine ground water COCs aldrin alpha-BHC beta-BHC and dieldrin have become more stringent since the signing ofthe 1996 ROD During the current ground water treatability study both alpha-BHC and beta-BHC have been detected at levels greater than the cuirent less-stringent cleanup goal for these COCs Remedial activities at the Site have allowed the continued industrial use ofthe property and have reduced ecological risk at the Site The selection of a revised ground water remedy is required before achieving the remaining two RAOs 1) protection of ground water from confinued degradation by Site contaminants and 2) reduction of risk to

-human health within EPAs acceptable risk range Residual soil contaniination remains present below the water table and the ground water plume continues to exceed cleanup goals The industrial land use at the Site and in the surrounding area has not changed since the ROD was signed therefore the exposure assumptions are still valid

The 1996 ROD selected the implementation of institutional controls in the fomi of deed restrictions for soil sediment and ground water to liinit exposure to site-related contamination Fencing was also required by the 1996 ROD Land use restrictions have not been implemented for the Site however some interim institufional controls to protect against exposure to ground water contamination have been implemented Helena Chemical Company intends to continue Site operations for the foreseeable future and has no intention to sell lease or transfer any portion ofthe Site Current and future zoning designations are consistent with the industrial land use criteria used in selection of site COC cleanup goals In 2008 EPA entered into a Memorandum of Agreement with the SWFWMD The document confinns SWFWMDs regulatory authority to place restrictions on well placement and constmction Through shared infonnation between the two agencies SWFWMD can make infonned pemiitting and enforcement decisions to prevent exposure to ground water contamination that could pose a risk to hunian health No impacted ground water wells are used for potable water buildings at the Site and in the surrounding area are connected to municipal water supply lines The need for additional institutional controls will be evaluated upon selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site

The Site is well-maintained and is surrounded by a secured perimeter fence with signs restricting access Access is limited to authorized persons during regular business hours All site-related wells have been secured or if no longer operational have been properly abandoned

47

80 Issues

Table 8 summarizes the current site issues

Table 8 Current Site Issues

Issue

A revised ground water remedy for the Site has not been selected or implemented and sampling events continue to detect COC concentrations in ground water that are greater than cleanup goals Land use restrictions for the Site have not yet been implemented

Affects Current Protectiveness

(Yes or No)

No

No

Affects Future Protectiveness

(Yes or No)

Yes

Yes

48

90 Recommendations and Follow-up Actions

Table 9 provides recommendations to address the current site issues

Table 9 Recommendations to Address Current Site Issues

Issue

A revised groundshywater remedy for the Site has not been selected or mdash implemented and sampling events continue to detect COC concentrations in ground water that are greater than cleanup goals

Land use restrictions for the Site have not yet been implemented

Recommendations Follow-Up Actions

- At the conclusion ofthe current pilot study evaluate results and if appropriate docunient the selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site

A restrictive covenant will be concluded designed to ensure the Site remains industrial

Party Responsible

PRP

PRP

Oversight Agency

EPA

EPA

Milestone Date

01312012

01312012

Affects Protectiveness

(Yes or No) Current

No

No

Future

Yes

Yes

49

100 Protectiveness Statements

The Sites remedy currently protects huinan health and the environment in the short-tenn because it is functioning as intended by the Sites decision documents for soil and sediment Source materials have been excavated and removed for off-site treatment and disposal The selected ground water remedy has not yet been implemented due to concems with promoting migration ofthe ground water plume from the neighboring Alaric Site A pilot-scale bioremediafion treatability study is underway and will hopefully aid in the selecfion of a revised ground water remedy for the Site The affected surficial aquifer in the vicinity ofthe Site is not used for potable water supply and area residents and businesses are connected to municipal water supply In order for the remedy to be protective in the long-tenn issues conceming implementation of a revised ground water remedy and institutional controls should be addressed

50

110 Next Review

This Site is a statutory Site that requires ongoing FYRs as long as waste is left on site that does not allow for unrestricted use and unlimited exposure The next FYR will be due within five years ofthe signatureapproval date ofthis FYR

51

Appendix A List of Documents Reviewed

CERCLA Infonnafion System Site Infomiation accessed from website httpcfpubepa^ovsupercpadcursitescsitinfocfinid=0400674 Accessed May 12 2010

EPA Record of Decision Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) EPA ID FLD053502696 Prepared by US EPA Region 4 May 7 1996

Explanation of Significant Differences Helena Chemical Superfund Site Tampa Hillsborough County FL Prepared by US EPA Region 4 January 27 2005

First Five-Year Review Report for Helena Chemical Company Tampa Hillsborough County Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for US EPA Region 4 January 31 2006 mdash

First Quarter 2010 Pilot Test Implementation Report Helena Chemical Company Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Chemical Conipany July 7 2010

Fourth Quarter 2009 Pilot Test Implementation Report Helena Chemical Company Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Chemical Coinpany March 12 2010

Memorandum of Agreement between the US Environmental Protection Agency Region 4 Superfund Division and the Southwest Florida Water Management District September 11 2008

Pilot Test and Interini Monitoring Work Plan for the Helena Chemical Conipany Superfund Site Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Chemical Company June 30 2009

Pilot Test Implementation Report Helena Cheinical Company Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Chemical Company December 22 2009

Second Quarter 2010 Pilot Test Implementation Report Helena Chemical Conipany Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Chemical Company September 23 2010

Third Quarter 2009 Pilot Test Implementation Report Helena Chemical Company Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Cheinical Coinpany December 22 2009

A-l

Appendix B Press Notice

y PRoA^

U S Environmental Protection Agency Region 4 Announces a Five-Year Review for

the Helena Chemical Company Superfund Site Tampa Hillsborough Countj Florida

PurposeObjective The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is conducting a Five-Year Review ofthe remedy for the Helena Chemical Company Superfuiid site (Site) in Tampa Florida The purpose ofthe Five-Year Review is to ensure that the selected cleanup actions effectively protect human health and the environment

Site~Background The Site covers approximately eight acres and is located in the Orient Park industrial area in Tampa Floiida The ~ facility was built in 1929 as a chemical plant for the production of sulfur The initial owners manufactured wettable and dusting sulfur and formulated pesticides herbicides fungicides and fertilizers at the facility Helena Chemical Company purchased the property in 1967 and continued these manufacturing operations until 1981 The company moved its pesticide herbicide and fiingicide formulation operations to Georgia in 1981 but has continued to fonnulate insecticidal petroleum oil and liquid fertilizers at the facility Former manufacturing operations by Helena Chemical Company and its predecessors resulted in soil and ground water contamination EPA placed the Site on the National Priorities List (NPL) in October 1992

Cleanup Actions In 1996 EPA signed the Record of Decision (ROD) for the Site which selected a remedy to clean up contaminants by excavating and treating contaminated soils disposing of sulfur-contaminated soils offsite neutralizing soil pH and containing ground water contamination to prevent off-site migration Between 2000 and 2005 more than 10000 tons of contaminated soils were excavated for treatment and soils with sulfur contamination were disposed of off site After the soil removals lime was incorporated into remaining on-site soils to neutralize the sulfuric acid present four feet below the land surface However the addition of lime appears to have had minimal effect on areas with low pH Design ofthe ground water treatment system was delayed due to the need to distinguish between source contamination at the Site and source contaniination emanating from another Superfijnd site the Alaric Area Ground Water Plume site which is located adjacent to the Site Ground water sampling conducted in 2007 concluded that pesticide concentrations at the Site continue to exceed cleanup goals established in the ROD and require remedial action Several pilot-scale treatability studies commenced in 2009 and are presently underway

Five-Vear Review Schedule The National Contingency Plan requires that remedial actions that result in any hazardous substances pollutants or contaminants remaining at the Superfimd Sites above levels that allow for unlimited use and unrestricted exposure be reviewed every five years to ensure the protection of human health and the environment The second ofthe Five-Year Reviews for this Site will be completed in January 2011

EPA invites community participation in the Five-Year Review process EPA is conducting this Five-Year Review to evaluate the effectiveness ofthe Sites remedy and to ensure that the remedy remains protective of human health and the environment As part ofthe Five-Year Review process EPA staff are available to answer any questions about the Site Community members who have questions about the Site or the Five-Year Review process or vvho would like to participate in a community interview are asked to contact

Galo Jackson Remedial Project Manager LTonya Spencer Community Involvement Coordinator Phone 404-562-8937 Phone 404-562-8463 1 -800-435-9234 (toll free) E-mail jacksongaloMjepauov E-mail spencerlatonva(5)epagov

Mailing Address EPA Region 4 Sam Nunn Atlanta Federal Center 61 Forsyth St SW Mail Code 9T25 Atlanta GA 30303-8960

Site information is also available at the Sites local document repository at University of South Florida Library 4202 East Fowler Avenue Tampa Florida 33620 and online at httpwvwepcigovi-egion4wasteitplitplflshelenafl-hlin

B-

Appendix C Interview Forms

Interview Form 2011 Five-Year Review - Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) Site Tampa FL

Site Name Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) EPA ID No FLD053502696 Interviewer Name Sabrina Foster Affiliation E Inc Subjects Name Galo Jackson Affiliation EPA Region 4 Subjects Contact Information iacksongalo(fl)epagov Time 915 am Date July 8 2010 Type of Interview (Circle one) In Person Phone Mail Other Location of Interview Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) site

IVIiat is your overall impression ofthe project In tenns ofthe pilot-scale treatability study for water the project is on schedule We are getting results back having them reviewed but it is still too early to tell what the final result will be The treatability study has been challenging but I am hopeful that it will work

2 What effect has this site had on the surrounding community ifany^7 None that 1 am aware of

3 How well do you believe the remedy currently in place is performing7 Do you believe the monitoring data show the remedys effectiveness^ As 1 said before we are still working on the treatability study so it is really too early to tell The study is still in early stages

4 Are you aware of any complaints or inquiries regarding environmental issues or the remedial action from residents since implementation ofthe cleanup 1 have not received any in the last five years

5 Are you aware of any changes in projected land use at or near the site No as far as I know it is all still zoned for heavy industrial use

6 Do you feel well informed about the site y activities and progress Yes EnSafe are the remedial contractors and they do a good job keeping me well-in fonn ed

7 Do you have any commenis suggeslions or recommendations regarding the sile s management or operation Not really The treatability study is underway and 1 am hopeful that it will work

C-1

Site Name Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) EPA ID No FLD053502696 Interviewer Name Sabrina Foster Affiliation E Inc Subjects Name Ed Brister Affiliation Helena Chemical Company Subjects Contact Information bristere(laquo)helenachemicacom Time 900 am Date July 8 2010 Type of Interview (Circle one) In Person Phone Mail Other Location of Interview Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) site

1 What is your overall impression ofthe project My impression is that it is good and has been a successful project

2 What e f f y has this site had on the surrounding community ifany mdash We dont know of any effect on the surrounding community Certainly there hasnt been

an effect on human health At any site like this you are going to have stigma issues but we dont hear any concerns out ofthe community about it

3 How well do you believe the remedy currently in place is performing 1 think it is doing well

4 Are you aware of any complaints or inquiries regarding environmental issues or the remedial action from residents since implementation ofthe cleanup Yes During the implementation ofthe cleanup the soil excavations we did hear of concems Irom a neighbor [Resident 1] We addressed her concems by temporarily moving her and her husband from their home for a couple of months to a location south of here We temporarily moved the [residents] twice once during the big removal in 2000 and again during the excavation and removal ofthe sulfur area in 2004-2005

5 Are you aware of any changes in projected land use at or near the site No not for here or for the surrounding areas

6 Do you feel well informed about the site s activities and progress Yes

7 Do you have any commenis suggestions or recommendations regarding the site f management or operation No

C-2

SiteName Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) EPA ID No FLD053502696 Subjects Name Karen Milicic Affiliation FDEP Subjects Contact Information 850-245-8931 Time 913 am Date August 23 2010 Type of Interview (Circle one) In Person Phone Mail Other E-mail Location of Interview Tallahassee FL

What is your overall impression ofthe project Good appear to be making progress on addressing the contaminants of concem

2 How well do you believe the remedy currently in place is performing Still too early to tell basedon recent lab data

3 Are you comfortable with the institutional controls required for the Site and their current status of implementation Yes at this time

4 Are you aware of any complaints or inquiries regarding environmental issues or the remedial action from residents in the last five years No not aware of any complaints andor inquiries regarding the Site

5 Has your office conducted any Site-related activities or communications in the last five years If so please give purpose and results of these activities Yes to attend a site visit with EPA RPM Galo Jackson

6 Are you aware of any changes to state laws that might affect the protectiveness ofthe remedy Are you aware of any changes in projected land use at the Site Not at this fime

7 Do you feel well informed about the Site 5 activities and progress Feel very well infomied regarding the progress ofthe Site

8 Do you have any comments suggestions or recommendations regarding the Site s management or operation None at this time

C-3

Site Name Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) EPA ID No FLD053502696 Interviewer Name Sabrina Foster Affiliation E^ Inc Subjects Name Mary Yeargan Affiliation Environmental Protection

Commission of Hillsborough County Subjects Contact Information yearganm(fl)epchcorg Time 330 pm Date September 27 2010 Type of Interview (Circle one) In Person Phone Mail Other

What is your overall impression ofthe project My overall impression is that it is continuing along as it has been

2 What are your views about current site condition problems or related concerns mdash 1 was onthe site visit for the last FYR so I am familiar with the-Site and the Five-Year

Review process I think that things are continuing to move forward at the Site with the treatments underway

3 What effect has this site had on the surrounding community This is a blighted community and certainly the presence of a Superfund site contributes to the perception of blight But Helena is not the only Superfund site in the area there is also Stauffer Chemical Florida Steel Alaric as well as the jail and all the bail bonds places So there is blight in the community but it is npt a direct result of Helena

4 Has the local government received any citizen complaints or inquiries regarding environmental issues or activities at this site I havent received any specific complaints nothing about Helena in particular The calls I get largely concem other specific Superfund sites in the area or just the presence of Superfijnd sites in general I did receive a call in 2008 firom a resident who was concemed about well water and whether the presence of Superfijnd sites in the area meant that the water was contaminated Again they didnt specifically mention Helena just Superfund sites in general We called the Department of Public Health to come out and sampled the well and there was no contamination present

5 Have there been routine communications or activities (site visits inspections reporting activities etc) conducted by your office regarding the site If yes please give purpose and results No

6 Are you aware of any changes to local laws that might affect the protectiveness ofthe remedy Are you aware of any changes in projected land use at the Site No Im not aware of any changes to local laws that would impact the Site Helena continues to operate so that land use hasnt changed and I dont imagine that the land use zoning would be changed to anything other than heavy industrial There is a limited amount of space available for heavy industrial so they are going to keep any land already zoned for that purpose

C-4

7 Do you feel well informed about the Sites activities and progress If not what methods would you recommend EPA use to disseminate more information Sure

8 Do you have any comments suggestions or recommendations regarding the project None I have worked with Galo for some time and let him know right away if there are any complaints

C-5

Appendix D Site Inspection Checklist

FIVE-YEAR REVIEW SITE INSPECTION CHECKLIST

I SITE INFORMATION

Site name Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) Date of inspection July 8 2010

Location and Region Tampa FL Region 4 EPA ID FLD053502696

Agency office or company leading the five-year review EPA Region 4 Weathertemperature Clear skies sunny 85F

Remedy Includes (Check all that apply) I I Landfill covercontainment [XI Access controls IXI Institutional controls Xl Groundwater pump and treatment I I Surface water collection and treatment Xl Other Soil excavation and off-site disposal

I I Monitored natural attenuation XI Groundwater containment [~| Vertical banier walls

ttachments XT] Inspection team roster attached I I Site map attached

II INTERVIEWS (Check all that apply)

1 OampM site manager Name Title

Interiewed 77 at site [d at office Q by phone Phone no Problems suggestions XU Report attached

mmddvgtvv Date

OampM staff Name Title

Interviewed O at site J at office XU by phone Phone no Problems suggestions [d Report attached

mmddyyvv Date

D-

3 Local regulatory authorities and response agencies (ie State and Tribal offices emergency response office police department office of public health or environmental health zoning office recorder of deeds or other city and county offices etc) Fill in all that apply

Agency FDEP Contact

Problems

Agencv Cont c t Problems

Agency Contact

Problems

Aeencv Contact

Problems

Agency Contact

Problems

Karen Milicic Name

suggestions bull Report attached

Name suggestions 1 1 Report attached

N me suggestions bull Report attached

Name suggestions bull Report attached

Name suggestions CD Report attached

Proiect Manager Title

see Appendix C

8232010 Date

Title

Title see Appendix C

Date

mdash

Date

Title see Appendix C

ate

Title see Appendix C

Date

850-245-8931 Phone No

Phone No

Phone No

Phone No

Ph iieNo

4 Other interviews (optional) bull Report attached

EPA Region 4 Galo Jackson Remedial Project Manager 782010 404-562-8937

Helena Chemical Company (PRP) Ed Brister Director of Engineering Safety Health 782010901-537-8600

and Environment

III ON-SITE DOCUMENTS amp RECORDS VERIFIED (Check all that apply)

1 O amp M Documents

n OampM manual D Readily available bull Up to date

1 1 As-built drawings O Readily available Q Up to date

n Maintenance logs Q Readily available []] Up to date

Remarks

^ N A

K | N A

E ] N A

2 Site-Specific Health and Safety Plan bull Readily available ^ Up to date D NA

n Contingency planemergency response plan bull Readily available ^ Up to date O NA

Remarks

3 O amp M and OSHA Training Records Q Readily available D Up to date lEI NA

Remarks

D-2

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

1

Permits and Service Agreements

r~l Air discharge pemiit

bull Effluent discharge

n Waste disposal POTW

1 1 Other pemiits

Remarks

Gas Generation Records

Remarks

Settlement Monument Records

Remarks

Groundwater Monitoring Records

r~1 Readily available

n Readily available

77 Readily available

[y Readily available

[72 Readily available

[y Readily available

Q Readily available

Remarks Ground water monitoring records are available for the feasibilitv and intemiittent monitoring records from

n Up to date

bull Up to date

n Up to date

n Up to date

n Up to date

n Up to date mdash bull -

IC] Up to date

[ 3 NA

^ N A

KNA

KNA

13 NA

S N A

KINA

study currently underway sampling to confirm the effectiveness of soil remedial

actions are also available Since a revised ground water remedy for the Site has not vet been or implemented long-temi monitoring o

Leachate Extraction Records

Remarks

Discharge Compliance Records

selected f ground water remedy effectiveness has not yet begun 1

n Readily available

bull Air n Readily available bull Up to date

bull Water (effluent) bull Readily available bull Up to date

Remarks

Daily AccessSecurity Logs

Remarks

IV

OampM Organization

1 1 State in-house

n PRP in-house

1 1 Federal Facility in-house

n

X3 Readily available

OampM COSTS

1 1 Contractor for State

n Contractor for PRP

bull Up to date KNA

KlNA

^ N A

bull Up to date

1 1 Contractor for Federal Facility

KINA

D-3

-gt

3

OampM Cost Records

1 1 Readily available

1 1 Funding mechanist

Original OampM cost es

From mniddvYw

Date

From mmddNyyy

Date

From mnidd-w-w

Date

From mmddyvY

Date

From mmddyvw

Date

Unanticipated or Unu

Describe costs and reas

n Up to date

nagreement in place CH Unavailable

imate | 1 Breakdown attached

Total annual cost by year for review period

To mmddyvw

Date Total cost

To mmddN-vw

ate Total cost

To mmddyvw

Date Total cost

To mmddvvNv

Date Total cost

To mmddyvw

Date Total cost

iually High OampM Costs During Review P

ons

if available

bull Breakdown aitached

1 1 Breakdown attached

- 1 1 Breakdown attached

1 1 Breakdown attached

CH Breakdown attached

eriod

V ACCESS AND INSTITUTIONAL CONTROLS ^ Applicable D NA

A

1

B

1

C

Fencing

Fencing damaged Q Location shown on site map ^ G

Remarks Fencing surrounds entire property gates are secured outsi

Other Access Restrictions

Signs and other security measures O Location s

Remarks Access signs are posted near entry gates

Institutional Controls (ICs]

ues secured CD NA

de of operation hours

10wn on site map CD NA

D-4

Implementation and enforcement

Site conditions imply ICs not properly implemented

Site conditions imply ICs not being fully enforced

Type of monitoring (eg self-reporting drive by)

Frequency

Responsible partyagency

Contact

Name Title

Reporting is up-to-date

Reports are verified by the lead agency

Specific requirements in deed or decision documents have been met

Violations have been reported

Other problems or suggestions CD Report attached

D Y e s

D Y e s

No D NA

No D N A

mrrvaoyy

Date D Yes

DYes

DYes

DYes

wv Phone no

D N O

D N O

D N O

D N O

DNA

Q N A

DNA

DNA

2 Adequacy ^ ICs are adequate O ICs are inadequate CD NA

Remarks The 1996 ROD calls for institutional controls in the fomi of site deed restrictions to limit exposure to ground water contamination until cleanup goals are achieved The ROD also calls for fencing to limit access and exposure to site soil contamination At the request ofthe FDEP land use restrictions for the Site have not yet been implemented however some interim institutional controls lo protect against exposure to ground water contamination have been implemented EPA signed a Memorandum of Agreement with the SWFWMD affimiing SWFWMDs regulatory authority to restrict well construction and well use for potable water at and in the area ofthe Site Secure perimeter fencing provides an engineering control to restrict access to the Site The risk for exposure is minimal because surface soil has been remediated the Helena Chemical Company has continued site operations and plans to continue industrial activities at the Site into the foreseeable ftiture and current and future land use zoning is consistent with the industrial cleanup criteria used in the selection of site cleanup goals

A treatability study is currently underway to help detennine the revised remedy for ground water Once this remedy has been selected and decision documents have been appropriately updated Helena Chemical Company EPA the slate and Hillsborough County will evaluate changes to existing institutional controls and addition of new institutional controls for the Site as well as impacted ground water area as appropriate

D General

Vandalismtrespassing

Remarks

I I Location shown on site map No vandalism evident

2 Land use changes on site

Remarks

NA

3 Land use changes off site

Remarks

^ N A

VI GENERAL SITE CONDITIONS

Roads Applicable D NA

D-5

1

B

Roads damaged

Remarks Paved aspha

Other Site Conditions

[y] Location shown on site map ^ Roads adequate Q NA

It roads are used for access to warehouses and the office building on site

Remarks

A

1

T

3

4

5

6

7

8

VII

Landfill Surface

LANDFILL COVERS D Applicable [^ NA

Settlement (Low spots)

Arial extent

Remarks

Cracks

Lengths

Remarks

Erosion

Arial extent

Remarks

Holes

Arial extent

Remarks

Vegetative Cover

1 1 No signs of stres

Remarks

Alternative Cover

Remarks

Bulges

Arial extent

Remarks

s

1 1 Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

Widths

CD Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on sit map

CH Grass

1 1 TreesSlirubs (indicate size and loi

amiored rock concrete etc)

Xy Location shown on site map

rn Settlement not evident

Depth

CD Cracking not evident

Depths

CD Erosion not evident

Depth

CD Holes not evident

Depth

1 1 Cover properly established

bullations on a diagram)

DNA

CD Bulges not evident

Height

Wet AreasWater Damage bull Wet areaswater damage not evident

bull Wet areas

CD Ponding

n Seeps

bull Soft subgrade

Remarks

CD Location shown on site map

1 1 Location shown on site map

1 1 Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

Arial extent

Arial extent

Arial extent

Arial extent

D-6

9

B

1

2

3

C

1

1

3

4

5

Slope Instability

1 1 No evidence of slope

Arial extent

Remarks

n Slides

instability

CD Location shown on site map

Benches D Applicable ^ NA

(Horizontally constructed mounds of earth placed across a steep landfill side slope to interrupt the slope in order to slow down the velocity of surface runoff and intercept and convey the runoff to a lined channel)

Flows Bypass Bench

Remarks

Bench Breached

Remarks

Bench Overtopped

Remarks

CD Location shown on site map

bull Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

CD NA or okay

bull NA or okay

1 j NA or okay

Letdown Channels bull Applicable ^ NA

(Charaiel lined with erosion control mats riprap grout bags or gabions that descend down the steep side slope ofthe cover and will allow the runoff water collected by the benches to move off of the landfill cover without creating erosion gullies)

Settlement (Low spots)

Arial extent

Remarks

Material Degradation

Material type

Remarks

Erosion

Arial extent

Remarks

Undercutting

Arial extent

Remarks

Obstructions

bull Location shown on sit

Size

Remarks

CD Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

Type

e map Arial extent

CD No evidence of settlement

Depth

[H No evidence of degradation

Arial extent

bull No evidence of erosion

Depth

CD No evidence of undercutting

Depth

1 1 No obstmctions

D-7

6

D

1

2

3

4

5

E

1

9

3

Excessive Vegetative Growth Type

CD No evidence of excessive growth

CD Vegetation in channels does not obstmct flow

CD Location shown on site map Ari

Remarks

al extent

Cover Penetrations XC Applicable ^ NA

Gas Vents bull Active

CD Properly securedlocked Q Functioning

CD Evidence of leakage at penetration

Remarks

Gas Monitoring Probes

CD Properly securedlocked CD Functioning

CD Evidence of leakage at penetration

Remarks

Monitoring Wells (within surface area of landfill)

CD Properly securedlocked [ID Functioning

1 1 Evidence of leakage at penetration

Remarks

Extraction Wells Leachate

CD Properly securedlocked CD Functioning

1 1 Evidence of leakage at penetration

Remarks

Settlement Monuments Q Located

Remarks

Gas Collection and Treatment CD Applicable

Gas Treatment Facilities

n Passive

CD Routinely sampled

CD Needs Maintenance

CD Routinely sampled

CD Needs Maintenance

bull Routinely sampled

CD Needs Maintenance

CD Routinely sampled

1 1 Needs Maintenance

CD Routinely sureyed

^ N A

1 1 Flaring CD Themial destmclion

CD Good condition CD Needs Maintenance

Remarks

Gas Collection Wells Manifolds and Piping

CD Good condition CD Needs Maintenance

Remarks

Gas Monitoring Facilities (eg gas monitoring o

CD Good condition

DNA

- - bull

CD Good condition

DNA

1 1 Good condition

DNA

CD Good condition

DNA

DNA

CD Collection for reuse

Fadjacent homes or buildings)

CD Good condition CD Needs Maintenance CD NA

Remarks

D-8

F

1

2

G

1

1

3

4

H

1

2

I

1

9

3

Cover Drainage Layer bull Applicable ^ NA

Outlet Pipes Inspected CD Functioning

Remarks

Outlet Rock Inspected CD Functioning

Remarks

DetentionSedimentation Ponds bull Applicable

Siltation Area extent Depth

1 1 Siltation not evident

Remarks

Erosion Area extent Depth

CD Erosion not evident

Remarks

Outlet Works bull Functioning

Remarks

Dam CD Functioning

Remarks

Retaining Walls D Applicable ^ NA

Deformations CD Location shown on site map

Horizontal displacement Vertical di

Rotational displacement

Remarks

Degradation [C Location shown on site map

Remarks

Perimeter DitchesOff-Site Discharge [C Applicable

Siltation CD Location shown on site map

Area extent

Remarks

Vegetative Growth bull Location shown on site map

CD Vegetation does not impede flow

Area extent

Remarks

Erosion bull Location shown on site map

Area extent

Remarks

DNA

DNA

^ N A

DNA

DNA

DNA

J Deformation not evident

splacement

CD Degradation not evident

13 NA

CD Siltation not evident

Depth

DNA

Type

CD Erosion not evident

Depth

D-9

4 Discharge Structure Q Functioning bull NA

Remarks

VIII VERTICAL BARRIER WALLS D Applicable ^ NA

1

2

IX

A

1

2

3

B

1

bull )

3

C

Settlement CD Location shown on site map CD Settlement not evident

Area extent Depth

Remarks

Performance Monitoring Type of monitoring

bull Perfomiance not monitored

Frequency CD Evidence of breaching

Head differential

Remarks

GROUNDWATERSURFACE WATER REMEDIES g] Applicable Q NA

Groundwater Extraction Wells Pumps and Pipelines X Applicable ^ NA

Pumps Wellhead Plumbing and Electrical

CD Good condition CD Ail required wells properly operating CD Needs Maintenance CD NA

Remarks

Extraction System Pipelines Valves Valve Boxes and Other Appurtenances

bull Good condition O Needs Maintenance

Remarks

Spare Parts and Equipment

bull Readily available bull Good condition bull Requires upgrade bull Needs to be provided

Remarks

Surface Water Collection Structures Pumps and Pipelines [72 Applicable ^ NA

Collection Structures Pumps and Electrical

CD Good condition CD Needs Maintenance

Remarks

Surface Water Collection System Pipelines Valves Valve Boxes and Other Appurtenances

CD Good condition CD Needs Maintenance

Remarks

Spare Parts and Equipment

bull Readily available O Good condition Q Requires upgrade bull Needs to be pr vided

Remarks

Treatment System bull Applicable 3 NA

D-10

T

Treatment Train (Check components that apply)

I I Metals removal [72 Oilwater separation [72 Bi remediation

I I Air stripping [Zl Carbon adsorbers

D Filters

I I Additive (eg chelation agent flocculent)

n Others

I I Good condition [7 Needs Maintenance

I I Sampling ports properly marked and fianctional

I I Samplingmaintenance log displayed and up to date

CD Equipment properly identified mdash

I I Quantity of groundwater treated annually

I I Quantity of surface water treated annually

Remarks

Electrical Enclosures and Panels (properly rated and functional)

I I NA [22 Good condition [2 Needs Maintenance

Remarks

3 Tanks Vaults Storage Vessels

I I NA [J] Good condition [] Proper secondary containment [2 Needs Maintenance

Remarks

4 Discharge Structure and Appurtenances

I I NA CD Good condition [72 Needs Maintenance

Remarks

5 Treatment Building(s)

CD NA CD Golt d condition (esp roof and doorways) CD Needs repair

I I Chemicals and equipment properly stored

Remarks

6 Monitoring Wells (pump and treatment remedy)

I I Properly securedlocked [7 Functioning CD Routinely sampled CD Good condition

I I All required wells located CD Needs Maintenance CD NA

Remarks

D Monitoring Data

1 Monitoring Data

3 Is routinely submitted on time ^ Is of acceptable quality

2 Monitoring data suggests

[H Groundwater plume is effectively contained CD Contaminant concentrations are declining

D-

E Monitored Natural Attenuation 1 Monitoring Wells (natural attenuation remedy)

I I Properly securedlocked CD Functioning CD Routinely sampled CD Good condition

CD All required wells located CD Needs Maintenance ^ NA

Remarks X OTHER REMEDIES

If there are remedies applied at the site and not covered above attach an inspection sheet describing the physical nature and condition of any facility associated with the remedy An example would be soil vapor extraction

In September 2009 Helena Chemical Company began a pilot-scale bioremediation treatability study at the Site to test the effectiveness of sulfate reduction and anaerobic xylene degradation to treat residual ground water contamination in the surficial aquifer and the intemiediate aquifer system The pilot study also investigates reductive dechlorination of BHC isomers tlirough addition of facultative anaerobic cultures enhancement of nitrate- iron- and sulfate-reducers and addition of a reduction agent such as zero-valent iron with a pH adjustment The study was scheduled to conclude by the fourth quarter of 2010 and a contingency time of an additional 12 months has been allotted in the treatability study schedule if necessary

XI OVERALL OBSERVATIONS A Implementation of the Remedy

The pesticide source contamination in soil was excavated in 2000 and shipped offsite to an approved disposal facilitv in Louisiana Further soil excavation activities were performed in 2004 and 2005 in order to address sulfiir contamination source areas A pilot study to assess treatability of ground water contamination originating from the fomier sulfur pit area and the former xylene tank area is presently underway Results ofthe study will inform the selection ofthe remedy for ground water at the Site

B Adequacy of OampM A treatability study is presently underway for ground water treatment at the Site OampM activities have yet to commence

Early Indicators of Potential Remedy Problems None

D Opportunities for Optimization None

Site Inspection Team Galo Jackson EPA Region 4 Ed Brister Helena Chemical Conipany Christy Fielden E Inc Sabrina Foster E Inc

D-12

Appendix E Photographs from Site Inspection Visit

Helena Chemical Company office building at the Site

Signs at delivery gate which is secured outside of facility operating hours

E-1

Chemical storage warehouse on site

Fonner sulfur pit area with new chemical warehouse facilities

E-2

Monitoring well in the former sulfiir pit area

Pilot study monitoring wells in the former xylene tank area

E-3

Page 9: Five-Year Review Report Second Five-Year Review Report

Five-Year Review Summary Form continued

Issues 1) A revised ground water remedy for the Site has not been selected or implemented and sampling events continue to detect COC concentrations in groutid water that are greater than cleanup goals 2) Land use restrictions for the Site have not yet been implemented 3) The ARARs for aldrin alpha-BHC beta-BHC and dieldrin have become more stringent since the signing ofthe 1996 ROD

Recommendations and Follow-up Actions 1) At the conclusion ofthe current pilot study evaluate results and if appropriate document the selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Sile 2) During the future modification ofthe selected ground water remedy evaluate the need for soil and sediment source control institutional controls and for additional ground water institutional controls and implement as appropriate

Protectiveness Statement The Sites remedy cuiTently protects human health and the environment in the short-term because it is functioning as intended by the Sites decision documents for soil and sediment Source materials have been excavated and removed for off-site treatment and disposal The selected ground water remedy has not yet been implemented due to concems with promoting migration ofthe ground water plume from the neighboring Alaric Site A pilot-scale bioremediation treatability study is underway and vvill hopefully aid in the selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site The affected surficial aquifer in the vicinity ofthe Site is not used for potable water supply and area residents and businesses are connected to municipal water supply In order for the remedy to be protective in the long-term issues concerning implementation of a revised ground water remedy and institutional controls should be addressed

Other Coniments Deed records for the Site could not be located tlirough the Hillsborough County Deed Records Office or tlirough an EPA property title search If evaluation of appropriate institutional controls for the Site results in the selection of a restrictive covenant these deed records will need to be located for the restrictive covenant to be implemented

Environmental Indicators - Current hunian exposures at this site are under control - Current ground water migration is not under control

Are Necessarv Institutional Controls in Place n All lEl Some D None A Memorandum of Agreement between EPA and the Southwest Florida Water Management District (SWFWMD) confirms SWFWMDs authority to regulate ground water well use and to impose additional restrictions for the Site and surrounding area Current and anticipated ftiture land uses and zoning are consistent with the industrial criteria used in selection of Site cleanup goals At the request ofthe FDEP once a revised ground water remedy has been selected the Site will be further evaluated to detennine whether additional institutional controls are required

Has the Site Been Designated as Site-Wide Readv for Anticipated Use D Yes ^ No

Second Five-Year Review Report for

Helena Chemicai Company (Tampa Plant) Superfund Site

10 Introduction

The purpose of a Five-Year Review (FYR) is to evaluate the implementation and perfoimance of a remedy in order to detemiine if the remedy will confinue to be protective of human health and the environinent The methods findings and conclusions of FYRs are documented in five-year review reports In addition FYR reports identify issues found during the review ifany and document recommendations to address them

The US Environmental Protecfion Agency (EPA) prepares FYRs pursuant to the Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA) Section 121 and the National Confingency Plan (NCP) CERCLA Secfion 121 states

If the President selects a remedial action that results in any hazardous substances pollutants or contaminants remaining at the site the President shall review such remedial action no less often than each five years after the initiation of such remedial action to assure that human health and the environinent are being protected by the remedial action being implemented In addition if upon such review it is the judgment ofthe President that acfion is appropriate at such site in accordance with section [104] or [106] the President shall take or require such action The President shall report to the Congress a list of facilifies for which such review is required the results of all such reviews and any actions taken as a result of such reviews

EPA interpreted this requirement further in the NCP Title 40 ofthe Code of Federal Regulafions (CFR) Secfion 300430(f)(4)(ii) states

If a remedial acfion is selected that results in hazardous substances pollutants or contaminants remaining at the site above levels that allow for unlimited use and unrestricted exposure the lead agency shall review such actions no less often than every five years after the initiation ofthe selected remedial action

E Inc an EPA Region 4 contractor conducted the FYR and prepared this report regarding the remedy implemented at the Helena Chemical Company (Tampa Plant) Site (the Site) in Tampa Hillsborough County Florida This FYR was conducted from April of 2010 to January of 2011 EPA is the lead agency for developing and implementing the remedy for the potentially responsible party (PRP)-financed cleanup at the Site The Florida Department of Environmental Protection (FDEP) as the support agency representing the State of Florida has reviewed all supporting documentafion and provided input to EPA during the FYR process

This is the second FYR for the Site The triggering action for this statutory review is the previous FYR in 2006 The FYR is required due to the fact that hazardous substances pollutants or contaminants remain at the Site above levels that allow for unlimited use and unrestricted exposure

20 Site Chronology

The following table lists the dates of important events for the Site

Table 1 Chronology of Site Events

Event Initial discovery of contamination Site proposed for the National Priorities List (NPL) Administrative Order on Consent between EPA and Helena Chemical Company remedial investigation and feasibility study (RIFS) start date Site listed on the NPL RIFS completed -Record of Decision (ROD) signed Unilateral Administrative Order and Consent Decree issued by EPA to Helena Chemical Company for implementation of remedial design (RD) and remedial action (RA) RD start date Soil RD completion date and RA start date Soil RA completed RD for sulfur area started RD for sulfur area completed Explanation of Significant Differences (ESD) for xylene issued Consent Decree issued by EPA to Helena Cheinical Company for cost recovery First FYR signed Memorandum of Agreement signed between EPA Region 4 and Southwest Florida Water Management District (SWFWMD) Pilot test for ground water and interini monitoring program start

Date August I 1980

February 7 1992 September 2 1992

October 14 1992 Iuly20 1995 Mav 7 1996

December 10 1996

December 26 1996 Februan 142000

March 7 2001 March 182003

May 8 2003 lanuary 27 2005

July 20 2005

January 31 2006 September 11 2008

August 2009

30 Background

31 Physical Characteristics

The Site is located at 2405 North 71^ Street within the City of Tampa in Hillsborough County Florida (Figure 1) This active commercial and industrial land use area is known as Orient Park or Bunchville An acfive CSX railway line mns along the southem border ofthe Site The active main operating facility is on a single 65-acre parcel (Parcel A-I4-29-19-4CA-000000-000220) bounded by Orient Road to the east East 14 Avenue to the north and North 71^ Street to the west Three additional parcels (Parcel A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000320 Parcel A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000330 and Parcel A-14-29-19-4CE-000003-000010) totaling 197 acres located west of North 71 Street are also included as part ofthe Site and are known as the Helena Woods The Site is situated between two other Superfund sites I) the Alaric Area Ground Water Plume Superfund Site (Alaric Site) to the north ofthe Helena Woods area and to the west ofthe main operating facility and 2) the Stauffer Chemical Company (Tampa) Superfund Site to the southeast ofthe Site on the southem side ofthe CSX railroad tracks

The Site is approximately 05 miles west of Six Mile Creek and the Tampa Bypass Canal The Site is subject to flooding during periods of intense and extended rainfall Surface water at the Site is composed entirely of stonnwater mnoff and the sediment remediation in the Sites selected remedy addresses sediment deposited by this overland flow Stonnwater mnoff from the central portion ofthe Site channels into concrete drainage swales and flows into an on-site retention pond located in the southeastem comer ofthe operating facility parcel The retenfion pond is designed to hold stonnwater mnoff during a 20-year stonn A spillway at the southeastem corner ofthe retention pond allows overflow to drain into a drainage ditch parallel to the CSX railroad tracks The retention pond is part ofthe mnoff control system at the Site and does not constitute a significant ecological habitat

On the westem and northem boundaries ofthe operating facility parcel stonnwater flows to the southwest where it collects in a low-lying section ofthe Helena Woods area and then flows to the north via a paired ditchculvert system along the east and west shoulders of North 71st Street On the east boundary surface water flow continues south along the ditch parallel to Orient Road Drainage tums eastward through a culvert under Orient Road then travels east-northeast for approximately 05 miles The drainage pathway continues through a swale on the north side ofthe CSX right-of-way

Surficial deposits at the Site consist of a thin three to six inch layer of topsoil and sediment covering fine- to medium-grained sands These deposits extend approximately 11 feet below the ground surface (bgs) and are primarily unconsolidated brown fineshygrained sands with traces of organic matter clay silt medium-grained sand and shells The surficial deposits fonn a sharp contact with the underlying Intemiediate Confining Unit which is a stiff intemiediate clay unit between the overlying surficial aquifer and the underlying poorly consolidated limestones that grade into more indurated limestones

11

The bottom portions ofthe surficial unit are saturated year-round the water table fluctuates drasfically with precipitation with seasonal high-water tables rising to within one foot bgs The clay ofthe Intermediate Confining Unit or intennediate aquifer system has low hydraulic pemieability and fonns the semi-confining unit between the ground water of the surficial aquifer and the Floridan aquifer The Upper Floridan aquifer is encountered at approximately 80 feet bgs Moderately indurated clayey sandy limestone is present in the upper section ofthe Floridan aquifer

Ground water flow at the Site is oriented in a radial pattem to the northeast east southeast south and southwest Gradients are the highest in the southeastem direction and lowest toward the northeast and southwest

12

Figure I Site Location Map

Helena Chemical Company Superfund Site Tampa HiHsborough County Florida

Disclaimer This map and any boundary lines within the map are approximate and subject to change The map is not a survey The map is for informational purposes only regarding EPAs response actions at the Site and is not intended for any other purpose

13

Figure 2 Detailed Site Map

~ vHak Area Ground Water Plume Site t

h-V -bull

^

KbullVI^tHl

-

4 ^

See Figure 3 _JSCnSt detail

T--

bdquo bdquo ^ bdquo I

1

I C ^ bullbull

Stauffer Chemical Company (Tampa) Site

Zi

Lagand [ __ ftppronmals Boundary at Suf id A q u h i Gtowid VUMCf Plume L ^ BounMry

17 AjipxiitrratD Boundary of inMimodixe Aqutar System Grcurd Matnr Plume ^ Priaiate WWis Found D i ^ r ^ Sts inapecVon

bull lnlBiniediraquoIeA^u-fcrSyilBT MonlaingwVei Incnaed in Monilonnj Program S SurfcalApufcr Mantarng WBK Incliided in Manitomg Prcgran

^ Weimedisie Aquilei Sysle-n Moiatof Kig Well Not lncjltteltlaquo in Monltonng Progiain pound Suifcal Aqullte Montamo Well Not Inoufled n Monilonrraquo8 Pr agiam

Helena Chemical Company Superfund Site Tampa Hillsborough County Florida

y Disclaimer This map and any boundary lines within the map are approximate and subject to change The map is not a survey The map is for informational purposes only regarding EPAs response actions at the Site and is not intended for any other purpose

14

32 Land and Resource Use

The Site has been used for the manufacture storage and distribution of agricultural products since 1929 The original Site owner Flag Sulfur Company fomiulated a wide variety of insecticides herbicides and fungicides including wettable and dusting sulfur at the Site from 1929 until 1967 Helena Chemical Company acquired the business in 1967 and continued manufacturing operations In 1981 Helena Chemical Company

moved the pesticides herbicides and fiingicides fonnulation operafions to a facility in Georgia in 1981 and the Tampa facility has confinued fomiulating and packaging insecticidal spray oil and liquid fertilizers since that time The Site also serves as Helena Chemical Companys main distribution warehouse for sales locations in the State of Florida

The Site consists of four land parcels within a secured Site perimeter fence The largest of these parcels (65 acres) contains the active Helena Chemical Company offices warehouses and distribufion centers as well as associated paved parking areas This parcel (A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000220) is presenfly zoned for light industrial land uses The Planning Commission serving Hillsborough County the City of Plant City the City of Temple Terrace and the City of Tampa anticipates this parcels fijture land use to be heavy industrial The three smaller parcels forming the Helena Woods area are covered by low grassy vegetation and oak trees and also contain several ground water monitoring wells for the Alaric Site located immediately to the north Two ofthe Helena Woods parcels are listed as being vacant and the third is zoned for a mobile home park The Planning Commission anficipates that all three parcels will be zoned for heavy industrial use in the future North 7P Street fomierly crossed the CSX railroad tracks to the south ofthe Site but the road was closed after an accident at the crossing The street now dead ends at the entrance gate to the tmck loading area on the Helena Cheinical Company property and the closed section of street between the entrance gate and the railroad tracks is included within the Site perimeter fencing

Surrounding land uses predominanfly include various light and heavy industrial uses as well as commercial land uses Small pockets of single family residences are located several blocks to the north and to the west ofthe Site Buildings on the Site and throughout the area impacted by site-related ground water contaniination are connected to municipal water supply lines None ofthe ground water wells impacted by contamination fi^om the Site are used for potable water supply

33 History of Contamination

The facility was built in 1929 as a chemical plant for the production of sulfur and was owned and operated by Flag Sulfur Conipany No historical records regarding the specific products formulated during Flag Sulfijr Company operafions are available but previous facility managers indicated that the conipany manufactured wettable and dusting sulfijr and fomiulated pesticides herbicides fungicides and fertilizers at the Site In 1967 Helena Chemical Conipany purchased the facility fi^om Duval Corporation the owner of Flag Sulfur Company From 1967 to 1981 Helena Chemical Conipany produced

15

wettable and dusting sulfur and fomiulated pesticides herbicides fungicides and fertilizers at the Site The company purchased the raw niaterials fi^oiii suppliers and added solvent emulsifiers andor surfactant to give the finished product certain characteristics required for various applications and strengths

Historically most agricultural chemical fonnulation occurred in the East Warehouse building located in the south central portion ofthe main operating facility parcel The fonnulation process for liquid products would consist of mixing a technical chemical with various solvents a surfactant andor emulsifiers in aboveground mixing vessels in the East Warehouse building Various solvents including xylene and an intemiediate range petroleum solvent called T-500 were used as pesticide carriers or diluents These solvents were stored on site in aboveground storage tanks A 3500-galIon capacity aboveground xylene storage tank was historically located in a benned area to the east of the East Warehouse building This tank was vandalized in 1977 causing a release of xylene to the soil and ground water below

In 1974 Helena Cheinical Company began using a three-tank pollution control system to handle the wash-down waste generated from pesticide manufacturing The wash-down waste consisted primarily of pesticides in a xylene carrier It was diluted with other process water and stonnwater treated vvith caustic soda run through an aeration evaporation treatnient system and finally discharged to the on-site stomiwater retention pond Sludges associated with the treatment system were periodically removed and shipped to the Chemical Waste Management Inc facility in Emelle Alabama for appropriate disposal At an undetemiined time between 1984 and 1988 use ofthe three-tank pollution control system was discontinued

According to the 1996 ROD the on-site stomiwater retention pond may have received some overflow waste from the East Warehouse building before the pollution control tanks were installed in 1974 During construction ofthe retention pond soil in the southeastem portion ofthe Site was removed using backhoes and placed in the Helena Woods area While the Helena Woods area was never used for agricultural chemical fonnulation or packaging contaniination in this area is attributed to the dredge niaterials irom the retention pond and to treatinent with pesticides and herbicides during routine maintenance activities

Dry products were formulated in the east end ofthe West Warehouse building just south ofthe loading dock using a Raymond Mill for grinding and a set of ribbon blenders for mixing Helena Chemical Company would then package the finished product for resale Both Flag Sulfur Company and Helena Chemical Conipany manufactured sulfiir dust and wettable sulfur on site Flag Sulfur Companys operations are largely unknown Helena Chemical Companys sulfur processing operations consisted of transporting molten sulfur to the Site and unloading the sulfur in the fonner sulfijr pit area located south ofthe current central paved courtyard between the West and East Warehouse buildings The sulfur was contained in berms for a period of approximately 48 hours until it had solidified Heavy equipment was then used to break the sulfur into pieces for processing through the Raymond Mill

16

34 Initial Response

In 1976 Helena Chemical Company stopped processing sulfijr products The fomier sulfur pit area was excavated and then filled with clean sand In 1980 the fomiulation of dry fertilizers was also discontinued at the facility In 1981 Helena Chemical Company moved the pesticide herbicide and fungicide fonnulation operation to a company facility in Georgia Since 1981 Helena Chemical Company has fomiulated insecficidal petroleum oil (a 70-viscosity paraffin-based oil with an emulsifier additive) and liquid fertilizers at the Site In addition to products produced at the facility numerous agricultural products are stored in the warehouse prior to distribution to Helena Chemical

- Companys Florida sales offices mdash

In 1984 FDEP inspected the Site and required quarterly monitoring ofthe surficial aquifer From 1988 to 1990 EPA investigated the Site and found pesticide contaniination in the on-site soil sediment and surficial aquifer Based on the potential for hunian exposure via ingestion of contaminated ground water EPA proposed the Site for listing on the NPL in Febmary 1992 and finalized the listing in October 1992

The Florida Department of Health and Rehabilitative Services (FHRS the predecessor of FDEP) in cooperation with the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry prepared a public health assessment for the Site in September 1993 In that report FHRS expressed concem for on-site worker contact with contaminated soil and exposure to sediment and ground water FHRS made several recommendations that additional data should be collected Under a September 1992 Consent Order with EPA Helena Cheinical Coinpany perfonned a RIFS at the Site The primary objectives ofthe invesfigation were to detemiine the nature magnitude and extent of contamination evaluate potential risks to human health and the environinent and evaluate potential cleanup altematives Site operations have remained active throughout site investigations and remedial activities

35 Basis for Taking Action

The results ofthe RIFS documented extensive surface soil and sediment contaniination including pesticides semivolatile organic compounds and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) related to fonner operations by Helena Chemical Company and its predecessors The investigations also documented contamination of ground water in the surficial aquifer and intemiediate aquifer systems with chlorinated pesticides polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons phenols and VOCs A human health risk assessment perfonned by Black and Veatch in 1994 concluded that risks to current and future site workers current and future trespassers and potential future Site residents exceeded acceptable risk and hazard thresholds

17

40 Remedial Actions

In accordance with CERCLA and the NCP the ovemiding goals for any remedial action are protecfion of human health and the environment and compliance with applicable or relevant and appropriate requirements (ARARs) A nuinber of remedial altemafives were considered for the Site fmal selection was made based on an evaluafion ofeach altemative against nine evaluation criteria that are specified in Secfion 300430(e)(9)(iii) ofthe NCP The nine criteria include

L Overall Protectiveness of Human Health and the Environment 2 Compliance with ARARs 3 Long-Tenn Effectiveness and Pennanence 4 Reduction of Toxicity Mobility or Volume of Contaminants through Treatment 5 Short-temi Effectiveness 6 Implementability 7 Cost 8 State Acceptance 9 Community Acceptance

41 Remedy Selection

EPA issued the site-wide ROD on May 7 1996 Based on the results ofthe Sites RIFS EPA detennined that remediation of soil sediment and ground water would be required for the protection of huinan health and the environment Remedial action objecfives (RAOs) established in the ROD for the Site include

bull Restore the Site to beneficial use bull Reduce risk to human health within EPAs acceptable risk range (ie total

residual cancer risk between 1 x 10 to 1 x 10 and maximum individual contaminant Hazard Quotient of 1)

bull Reduce ecological risk bull Protect ground water from continued degradation by Site contaminants

The remedy selected in the Sites 1996 ROD consisted ofthe following remedial components for source control in soil and sediment

Implement institutional controls (ie fencing (cumenfiy considered an engineering control) and deed restrictions) Demolish tank fanii pads east ofthe liquid processing building (East Warehouse) and dispose ofthe debris offsite Excavate material from the fonner sulfur pit and dispose of excavated materials offsite Neutralize soil in place if located in areas where sulfur is present but inaccessible Excavate contaminated surface soil and sediment (zero to two feet) where concentrations exceed soil cleanup goals Biologically treat contaminated surface soil and sediment

bull Place treated soil back on site

Major components ofthe ground water remedy selected in the 1996 ROD include

bull Extract contaminated ground water bull Treat contaminated ground water to meet surface water discharge standards bull Discharge treated ground water to on-site ponds or to the Tampa Bypass Canal

under a National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System pemiit bull Place controls on Site to restrict the use of ground water beneath the Site through

the filing of deed notices in order to limit exposure to contaminated ground water until cleanup goals are met

The 1996 ROD selected cleanup goals for contaminants of concem (COCs) in both ground water and surface soil (Table 2) As Site data suggested that sediments with pesticide contamination attributable to the Site were primarily present in drainage ditches that were typically dry remediation of sediment in Site drainage features was to be managed using the surface soil cleanup goals protective of hunian health The 1996 ROD also selected a confingency remedy for Site soil and sediment If treatability studies demonstrated that the selected biological treatinent remedy could not achieve the performance standards listed in Table 2 low temperature themial desorption (LTTD) was to be used in lieu ofthe biological treatnient

Table 2 COCs and Cleanup Goals

bull bull - y y Contaminant of Concern

44-dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (44-DDT) Aldrin Alpha-benzene hexachloride (Alpha-BHC) Beta-benzene hexachloride (Beta-BHC) Gamma-benzene hexachloride (Gamma-BHC) Chlordane Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane (DDD) Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) Dieldrin Endosulfan 1 Endosulfan II Heptachlor Heptachlor epoxide Total xylenes Toxaphene

Ground Water 7 Cleanup Goal

(micrograms per liter ^gL)

03

005

005

01

02

NA NA NA NA 01

7

2 NA NA 20 NA

Surface Soil and Sediment Cleanup Goal

(milligrams per kilogram mgkg)

NA

018

047

NA

NA

23 126 89 89

019 NA NA 067 034 NA 276

NA not applicable

19

In January 2005 EPA issued an Explanation of Significant Differences (ESD) to modify part ofthe remedy described in the 1996 ROD The purpose ofthe ESD was to modify the xylene cleanup goal for ground water from 20 micrograms per liter (|JgL) per the Florida secondary maximum contaminant level (MCL) to 10000 (igL per the State and federal primary MCL Secondary MCLs are non-mandatory standards under the Superfund prograin and are not enforceable by EPA however they are a component of the State of Floridas drinking water statute State and federal primary MCLs are enforceable standards established to protect the public against consumption of drinking water that presents a risk to huinan health The ESD also called for continued monitoring ofthe effecfiveness ofthe xylene treatnient and for evaluation of further remedial actions should the presence of xylene a solvent mobilize residual soil pesticide contaminants into ground water

42 Remedy Implementation

Remedial design and remedial actions for soil sediment and ground water at the Site are being implemented by the Helena Chemical Company under a 1996 Unilateral Administrative Order An additional Consent Decree was filed in 2005 for EPA to recover past and future costs incurred and to require Helena Cheinical Conipany to pay EPA oversight costs at the Site and at a separate Site in South Carolina also owned by Helena Chemical Coinpany

Soil and Sediment Source Control

In 1999 additional grid-based sampling was conducted in the xylene source area (east of the East Warehouse building) to detemiine the boundaries for the soil removal excavation Bench-scale studies were performed by EPAs Ecosystems Research Division and EPAs Science and Ecosystems Support Division to investigate the effectiveness of incorporating zero-valent iron in soil to facilitate abiotic degradation of chlorinated pesticides These studies were implemented in 1999 but were tenninated early due to lack of measurable COC degradation Helena Chemical Company then explored the option of using the Xenorein bioremediation process which had been successfijlly implemented on the adjacent Stauffer Chemical Co (Tampa) Superfund site The extent of contamination prevented direct application ofthe Xenorem approach at the Site Helena Chemical Conipany learned however that an off-site disposal facility the Waste Management Inc hazardous waste treatment facility in Carlyss Louisiana (facility nuniber LAD0007772010P1) had been authorized to bioremediate wastes in July 1998 and could potentially accept the excavated Site materials for bioremediafion at the off-site facility EPA approved the change from on-site to off-site treatinent and disposal of contaminated soil and sediment in a letter dated Febmary 14 2000

The 1996 ROD had also stipulated LTTD as a contingency soil treatment should biological treatinent be ineffective EPA requested this contingency be explored in 1999 Helena Chemical Coinpany retained Focus Environmental Inc to perfonn the evaluation ofthe contingency treatinent The evaluation concluded that LTTD was not a practical remedy for the Site primarily due to concems related to elevated sulfijr concentrations in

20

soil which would require air pollution controls to remove acid gas generated by the treatnient as well as space limitations on the Site which would not pemiit an efficient layout and operafion ofthe treatment and material handling units

In 2000 Helena Chemical Conipany excavated 7700 tons of pesticide-contaminated soil fi-om the Site including the xylene source area and an additional 600 tons of pesticide-contaminated soil and sediment from the drainage ditch area along the CSX railway right-of-way just south ofthe Site Soil was transported to the Waste Manageinent Inc facility in Carlyss Louisiana for bioremediation andoff-site disposal Surface soils were excavated to a depth of two feet According to the 1996 ROD the water table in the area fluctuates between two and four feet bgs Therefore the excavation of surface soils to two feet bgs would address soil contaminafion above the water table but not contaniination existing below the water table The excavation areas were lined with an --indicator fabric prior to backfilling the areas with clean inaterials and seeded with grass where appropriate

Delineation activifies to detemiine the extent of sulfur contaniination in the fonner sulfur pit area were perfonned from 2001 through 2003 and remedial work was perfomied in two separate phases A metal building covering much ofthe area where sulfijr remedial work was to be perfonned was dismanfled and transported offsite for recycling During phase 1 remedial work performed in 2004 soil and concrete were excavated from the elevated loading dock area and the west side ofthe tank fann for off-site treatinent and disposal During phase II remedial work perfonned in 2005 soil and concrete were excavated from the northem tank fann and fonner warehouse boundaries Approximately 3000 tons of soil and crystallized (fomierly molten) sulfur were removed during the 2004 and 2005 removal activities and also shipped to the Waste Management Inc facility in Carlyss Louisiana for off-site disposal

The 2005 ESD changed the xylene ground water cleanup goal from 20 |JgL to 10000 ^gL Since the presence of xylene in ground water could mobilize residual pesticide contamination in soil into ground water the ESD included post-treatment monitoring of the xylene area This monitoring includes all COCs established in the 1996 ROD and a specific assessment of whether the remaining xylene concentrations are sufficiently low to ensure that cosolvency is not facilitating the transport of residual pesticides that might be lingering in the soil If cosolvency is found to be mobilizing residual pesticide contaminants fi-om soil to ground water this assessment will be used to detennine whether further active treatment of xylene to below the federal and state primary standard is necessary

Ground Water

The ground water remedy described in the 1996 ROD has not yet been implemented at the Site due to discovery of contaminafion and investigations at the adjacent Alaric Site and concems that the selected remedy would potentially cause further contaminafion of the aquifer systems Altemative ground water treatments are currently being investigated in the pilot-scale treatability study underway at the Site Supplemental data collection and

21

ground water plume delineafion studies began in 1998 Ground water sampling perfonned in existing surficial aquifer and intemiediate aquifer system monitoring wells in Febmary 1998 resulted in the installation of additional surficial aquifer wells south of the Site to further delineate the nature and extent of contaniination The results ofthis study also detemiined the need for further investigation of ground water contamination in the xylene area (location of 1977 release immediately east ofthe East Warehouse on the Site Figure 3) in the sulfijr area (locafion ofthe fonner sulfiir pit in central courtyard on the Site Figure 3) and in the intemiediate aquifer system

Field activities to address the recommendations ofthe Febmary 1998 investigation were implemented in April 2001 Eight additional monitoring wells (MW-24 through MW-31 Figure 2) were installed south and east ofthe Site on City of Tampa rights-of-way to monitor the extent of contamination in the surficial aquifer Contamination was also identified in shallow areas ofthe intermediate aquifer system Ground water sampling and supplemental field activities were perfonned from October 2002 through January 2003 These activities included intennediate aquifer invesfigations xylene source area invesfigations downgradient surficial aquifer monitoring well installation and sulfur area invesfigations Additional intermediate aquifer system monitoring wells (MW-32 and MW-33 Figure 2) were installed along Orient Road during a November 2002 comprehensive ground water sampling event The new wells were installed to provide intemiediate monitoring points for xylene pesficide and herbicide contamination

While the 2002 and 2003 field acfivities were being perfonned significant chlorinated solvent contamination from the adjacent Alaric Site was discovered in both the surficial aquifer and intennediate aquifer systems this contamination was commingling with the westem portion ofthe Sites ground water plume The implementation ofthe ground water pump-and-treat remedy selected for the Site had the potential to exacerbate contaminant plume migration from the Alaric Site For this reason EPA detennined that implementation ofthe pump-and-treat remedy for the Site should be delayed until delineation and remediation ofthe surficial aquifer at the Alaric Site is completed

Additional comprehensive ground water sampling events were perfonned in May 2005 to provide a baseline for water quality following complefion ofthe sulfur area removal acfions and in December 2006 to detennine current condifions across the monitoring well network Selected wells were also sampled in March August and November 2007 and January 2008 to gauge the overall effectiveness ofthe sulfur area removal in addressing source contaminafion ofthe surficial aquifer Given the probability that the selected pump-and-treat remedy for ground water at the Site would be incompatible with ground water treatnient activities being designed at the adjacent Alaric Site several altemafive management approaches to address ground water contamination in the sulfur area and associated plume were explored

In June 2009 Helena Chemical Conipany presented EPA with a Pilot Test and Interim Monitoring Work Plan to address ground water contamination without implementing the pump-and-treat remedy EPA approved the Work Plan in August 2009 and implementation began in August 2009 The pilot study is expected to last for one year

22

with an additional one-year contingency period The work plan addresses four critical areas of source control and monitoring the sulfur area the xylene area supplemental monitoring efforts and interim ground water monitoring activities while pilot testing is underway

Sulfijr Area Pilot Study

The pilot study objecfive in the sulfijr area is to detennine whether buffering pH and introducing zero-valent iron will allow natural degradation of benzene hexachloride (BHC) and sulfates in the source area through biological or physical mechanisms Low pH elevated sulfate and residual sulfiir in the sulfur area are thought to be inhibiting natural biological degradation processes and minimizing the physical attenuafion of contaminants within the aquifer-matrix which would typically occur through adsorpfion-and aqueous chemical reactions such as hydrolysis Given the residual sulfur in the soil which continues to act as a long-term source for sulfuric acid sulfate control was required in addition to pH controls Zero-valent iron was selected as the primary pilot study treatment technology for the sulfur area because it has been used effectively to facilitate abiofic degradation of BHCs is effecfive at moderating pH and acts as an oxygen scavenger limiting any future oxidafion of residual sulfur in the soil Additional neutralization with lime andor hydroxides and biological sulfate reduction may also be utilized to control pH levels if necessary

Two sulfur study areas known as the East Plot and the West Plot have been implemented in the central courtyard ofthe Site on either side ofthe fomier sulfur pit location (Figure 3) Each plot consists of eight injection wells Cheinical injections were administered in the third quarter of 2009 and sampling is being conducted at 60-day interals for the 360 days following the injections

Xylene Area Pilot Study

The xylene pilot test was designed to gauge the effectiveness of anaerobic biodegradatlon in degrading xylene and residual BHCs Total xylene concentrafions have declined since the 2000 soil removal action in the former xylene tank area but have remained above cleanup goals Site conditions such as low pH lack of nutrients and lack of electron accepting substrates (eg nitrate iron and sulfate) were thought to be limiting xylene and BHC degradadon The pilot test also sought to increase degradation rates without introducing treatments that would complicate efforts in the adjacent sulfijr pilot study bull area so the xylene treatinent was designed in consideration ofthe existing anaerobic Site conditions

One xylene pilot study area was implemented in the fonner xylene tank area (Figure 3) The plot includes six injection wells and 12 monitoring wells The first round of nutrient and electron acceptor substrate injections was perfonned in the third quarter of 2009 and the second round of injections was perfomied in the fourth quarter of 2009 As with the sulfijr pilot study area sampling is being conducted at 60-day intervals for the 360 days following the first round of injections

23

Monitoring Acfivities

Supplemental monitoring efforts in the work plan include installation of monitoring wells on the Fesfive Floats property located directly south ofthe Site on the opposite side of the CSX railway tracks and addifional investigation to detemiine the northem extent of low pH and elevated sulfate and BHC concentrations Until a revised ground water remedy is selected for the Site interini ground water monitoring activities in both the surficial and intermediate aquifer systems will include sampling every nine months to assess seasonal variability in concentrations and monitor for any changes in COC concentrations

24

Figure 3 Map of Pilot Study Area

r

SWTBD

swTZD s w n u

StfT-HD A I ^ raquoswr3u SWTU

swrsu

West Warehouse

SETTO SET1U

SET3U SETD A y A J

I SETSD

sensD raquo SETsu

5ET7U

X40

XI6D

^^xth 7 -^ ^IZD-- ^

_ X S U X8D B^=^X12tJ bull bull X l fU

X8U xi f lD

Legend

bull Surflclat Adulter Sulfur Arlaquoa P M Test Wall

Surlicii i AquHler Xylene Area Ptky Test Ir^ctnsn MHI

bull Suifidal Aquilei Xylene Area Pikx Tesl Monilming Well

I Sile Bounoaiv J Fee 90 too

L 7WL o NORTH

Figure 3 Site Map

Pilot Study Areas

Helena Chemical Company Superfund Site Tampa Hillsborough County Flonda

Disclaimer This map and any boundary lines within the map are approximate and subject to change The map is not a survey The map is for informational purposes only regarding EPAs response actions at the Site and is not intended for any other purpose

25

43 Operation and Maintenance (OampM)

The 1996 ROD anticipated that the ground water pump-and-treat system would be operated at the Site for a 30-year period and estimated that OampM ofthe system would cost $1289000 over the course ofthe 30 years The ground water remedy selected in the 1996 ROD has not yet been implemented due to developments at the adjacent Alaric Site and ongoing pilot testing at the Site As remedial activities continue with pilot testing there are no OampM acfivities undei-way at the Site and the activities to be addressed in a site OampM plan will depend on the future revised remedy for ground water for the Site

26

50 Progress Since the Last Five-Year Review

The protectiveness statement from the 2006 FYR for the Site stated the following

77^ remedy implemenled at the [Helena Chemical Company Tampa Site currently protects human health and the environment because source area actions implemented for pesticide-contaminated soil and the sulfur pit source area have been completed during this review period Additional evaluations of low pH conditions will be performed to assess the need for supplemental neutralization in conjunction with future groundwater actions No remedial actions for groundwater have been implemented at this time Site data evaluations and remedy evaluations will ensure the remedy will be protective In the interim exposure pathways that could result in unacceptable risks are incomplete Conditions-at the site are not expected to change in the near future given the area s land use (commercialindustrial) However in order for the remedy to be protective in the long term the following actions need to be taken a full evaluation ofthe need for deed reslriclions and if necessary they will be imposed

The 2006 FYR included three issues and recommendafions Table 3 summarizes each recommendation and its current status

Table 3 Progress on Recommendations from the 2006 FYR

Section

51

Recommendations

EPA FDEP and Helena Chemical Company will discuss ground water remedy issues including the need for fijrther assessment of natural attenuation processes Dialogue will generate a priority list for evaluation identify evaluation teclmiques and establish an evaluation timetable Ground water remedy discussions will be initiated by the second quarter of 2006

Parties Responsible

EPA FDEP Helena

Chemical Company

Milestone Date

4302006

Action Taken and Ontcome

Discussions between EPA FDEP and Helena Chemical Company have resulted in the development of a pilot testing work plan to explore treatment options for enliancing biological and physical degradation processes This pilot study was initiated in August 2009

Date of Action

08312009

27

Section

52

53

Recommendations

EPA FDEP and Helena Chemical Company will evaluate ylene source area issues Discussions will include prioritization of any additional RD activities evaluation of remedial cleanup goals etc Xylene remedy discussions will be initiated by the first quarter of 2006

Helena Chemical Company will evaluate the requirements for implementing deed restrictions on the property and whether any remedy-specific requirements must be incorporated into the institutional control A fiill evaluation ofthe need for deed restrictions will be made and if necessary they will be imposed This evaluation will be completed by the fourth quarter of 2006

Parties Responsible

EPA FDEP Helena

Chemical Company

Helena Chemical Company

Milestone Date

4302006

12312006

Action Taken and Outcome-

Pilot test program discussions between EPA FDEP and Helena Chemical Company have resulted in the development of a work plan to explore effectiveness of anaerobic degradation of xylene and BHCs This pilot study was initiated in August 2009

EPA and FDEP are is discussions regarding the restrictive covenant for the Sites soil in order to prevent exposure Land use zoning is consistent vvith soil cleanup criteria and land use is not anticipated to change in the foreseeable future Ground water institutional controls are enforced through an EPA Memorandum of Agreement with the Southwest Florida Water Management District

Date of Action

08312009

Pending

51 Ground Water Remedy Discussions

The ground water pump-and-treat remedy selected in the 1996 ROD has not been implemented due to potential complications arising from commingling ofthe Sites ground water contaminants with those from the adjacent Alaric Site A Pilot Study and Interini Monitoring Work Plan was approved by EPA and implementation began in August 2009 The Work Plan describes the investigafion of chemical injecfions to enhance and facilitate natural physical and biological degradation rates for contaminants in the sulfiir area and in the xylene area The study is designed to assess the following questions

bull Is degradation occurring under pilot conditions

bull Can aquifer geochemistry be adjusted to facilitate remediafion

bull What is the longevity of amendments being injected

28

bull What zone of discharge is developed following injection and what is the expected duration ofthe zone of discharge

The study was scheduled to continue for 12 months with a contingency period of another 12 months if necessary At the conclusion ofthe study these questions will be addressed to detennine next steps in selecting an appropriate ground water remedy for the Site A final report documenting the effecfiveness ofthe first full year ofthe treatability study was not available at the fime this FYR report was drafted therefore a decision regarding whether to implement the additional 12 month contingency period had also not been made

52 Xylene Source Area Discussions

As noted in Section 51 EPA approved the Pilot Study and Interini Monitoring Work Plan in 2009 Per the Work Plan two rounds of nutrient and electron acceptor substrate were injected in the xylene area in late 2009 The injections are expected to enhance natural degradafion rates of xylene and BHCs sampling is being conducted every 60 days The study was scheduled to continue for 12 months with a contingency period of another 12 months if necessary A final report documenting the effectiveness ofthe first full year ofthe treatability study was not available at the time this FYR report was drafted therefore a decision regarding whether to implement the additional 12 month contingency period had also not been made

53 Institutional Controls Evaluation

At the request of FDEP the appropriate land use restrictions for the Site has not been yet been implemented While the ground water remedy is being assessed some interim institutional controls to protect against exposure to ground water contamination have been implemented The Site is presently surrounded by a secured perimeter fence that only pennits access to the property by authorized persons during regular business hours Helena Chemical Company intends to continue Site operations for the foreseeable future and does not intend to sell or lease the property so there is minimal potential for a party to unknowingly become exposed to Site soil or sediment contaniination or to impact the protectiveness ofthe remedial actions already in place The operating facility parcel is zoned light industrial the three Helena Woods parcels are zoned as either vacant land or as a mobile home park The local Planning Commission anticipates all four parcels will be zoned for heavy industrial use in the future which remains consistent with the industrial criteria used in selection of cleanup goals for the Site

EPA has also taken steps to limit the potential for exposure to contaminated Site ground water while ground water treatment pilot testing activities are completed In September 2008 EPA Region 4 and the Southwest Florida Water Management District (SWFWMD) entered into a Memorandum of Agreement regarding Site ground water Per the agreement EPA provides SWFWMD with infonnation regarding the area of ground water impacted or potentially impacted by the Site and SWFWMD acts as the regulatory authority to implement and enforce ground water use restrictions at and near

29

the Site The ground water area impacted by the Site is designated as Zone A marking the contamination zone and Zone B marking a buffer area surrounding Zone A The agreement stipulates that EPA must conduct a well survey of Zones A and B at least once every five years to identify any new wells constructed or operafing since the previous survey EPA remedial project manager (RPM) Galo Jackson conducted the first well survey concurrenfiy with the FYR Site inspection and identified two wells (Figure 2) One well was located along East 9 Avenue on the EQ Florida property in Zone A The second well was located along East 7 Avenue on the RampL Metals property in Zone B SWFWMD was notified of these wells in September 2010 The well in Zone A is currenUypemiitted for industrial use by EQ Florida and the well in Zone B has been plugged and abandoned on the RampL Metals property

SWFWMD has the authority to impose reasonable condifions necessary to protect the applicable water source and to prevent the spread of ground or surface water contaminafion For well construcfion pennits such conditions include prohibiting use of the well as a potable water supply requiring notice to well owners of potential ground water contamination or requiring specific methods ofconstruction Under Florida Administrafive Code (FAC) Rule 40D-3505(3) SWFWMD will deny an application for a well construction pemiit for activity in Zone A if use ofthe well would increase the potential for hanii to public health safety and welfareor if the proposed well would degrade the water quality ofthe aquifer by causing pollutants to spread

30

60 Five-Year Review Process

61 Administrative Components

EPA Region 4 initiated the FYR in May 2010 and scheduled its completion for January 2011 The EPA site review team was led by EPA RPM Galo Jackson and also included EPA site attomey Kevin Beswick EPA Community Involvement Coordinator (CIC) LTonya Spencer and contractor support provided to EPA by Christy Fielden and Sabrina Foster of E Inc In May 2010 EPA held a scoping call with the review team to discuss the Site and itenis of interest as they related to the protectiveness ofthe remedy cunently in place A review schedule was established that consisted ofthe following activities

Community notification Document review Data collection and review Site inspection Local interviews FYR Report development and review

62 Community Involvement

In January 2011 a public notice was published in the Tampa Tribune announcing the commencement ofthe FYR process for the Site providing contact information for RPM Galo Jackson and CIC LTonya Spencer and invifing community participation was published The press notice is available in Appendix B The FYR report will be made available to the public once it has been finalized Copies ofthis docunient will be placed in the designated site repository University of South Florida Library located at 4202 East Fowler Avenue Tampa Florida 33620 Upon completion ofthe FYR a public notice will be placed in the Tampa Tribune to announce the availability ofthe final FYR report in the Sites document repository

63 Document Review

This FYR included a review of relevant site-related documents including the ROD remedial action reports and recent monitoring data A complete list ofthe documents reviewed can be found in Appendix A

ARARs Review

Section 121(d)(2)(A) of CERCLA specifies that Superfund remedial actions must meet any federal standards requirements criteria or limitations that are detennined to be applicable or relevant and appropriate requirements (ARARs) ARARs are those standards criteria or limitations promulgated under federal or state law that specifically address a hazardous substance pollutant contaminant remedial action locafion or other circumstance at a CERCLA site To-Be-Considered criteria (TBCs) are non-promulgated

31

advisories and guidance that are not legally binding but should be considered in detennining the necessary level of cleanup for protection of human health or the environment While TBCs do not have the status of ARARs EPAs approach to detemiining ifan RA is protective of hunian health and the environment involves consideration of TBCs along with ARARs

Chemical-specific ARARs are specific numerical concentration restrictions on individually listed contaminants in specific media Examples of chemical-specific ARARs include the MCLs specified under the Safe Drinking Water Act as well as the ambient water quality criteria enumerated under the Clean Water Act Because there are usually numerous contaminants of potential concem for any Site various numerical quanfity requirements can be ARARs The final remedy selected for this Site was designed to meet or exceed all chemical-specific ARARs and meet location- and action-specific ARARs

Ground Water

According to the 1996 ROD cleanup goals for the nine ground water COCs were selected to ensure that remaining ground water concentrations would not exceed the 1 x 10~ risk level for carcinogens a Hazard Quotient (HQ) of 1 for non-carcinogens under an industrial land use scenario The cleanup goals for 44-DDT endosulfan 1 and endosulfan II were selected based on health-based criteria The site-specific health-based cleanup goal for 44-DDT was less stringent than Floridas ground water guidance and the ROD notes that the cleanup goal may need to be revisited in the future to obtain FDEPs agreement with deletion ofthe Site from the NPL upon completion of cleanup activities

Cleanup goals for aldrin alpha-BHC beta-BHC and dieldrin were based on the Florida Groundwater Guidance Concentration which is a TBC for the Site The cleanup goal for total xylene listed in the 1996 ROD was selected based on the State secondary MCL but was later modified in the 2005 ESD to be consistent with federal and State primary MCLs The cleanup goal for gamma-BHC was selected based on federal and State MCLs

The ARARs for aldrin alpha-BHC beta-BHC and dieldrin were compared to the current Florida Groundwater and Surface Water Contaminant Cleanup Target Levels (62 FAC 777) which is the cuirent State guidance on acceptable ground water contaminant concentrations (Table 4) The ARARs for all four of these COCs have become more stringent since the signing ofthe 1996 ROD The cleanup goals for gamma-BHC and total xylene were compared with National Primary Drinking Water regulations (40 CFR 141-143) and FDEP Drinking Water Standards Monitoring and Reporting Requirements (62 FAC 550310) The cleanup goals for gamma-BHC and total xylene remain the same as in the 1996 ROD and 2005 ESD respectively This review did not find that the assumptions used in calculation ofthe site-specific health-based cleanup goals for 44-DDT endosulfan I and endosulfan II had changed

32

Table 4 Previous and 2010 ARARs for Ground Water COCs

Contaminant of Concern bull bull bull bull ^ - gt J j J bull

44-DDT Aldrin Alpha-BHC Beta-BHC Gamma-BHC Dieldrin Endosulfan I Endosulfan II Total xvlenes

1996 ROD ARAROigL)

03 005 005 01 02 01 2 2

20

2005 ESD ARAR (ugL) r

mdash -mdash mdash mdash mdash mdash mdash

10000

2010 ARAR (UgL)

03 0002 0006 002 02-

0002= 2 7

10000

ARAR Change y - y bull

None More Stringent More Stringent More Stringent

None More Stringent

None None None

a Site-specific health-based standaid selecled to ensure tlial remaining ground waler concenirations would nol exceed lhe 1 x 10 risk level for carcinogens an HQ of 1 Ior non-carcinogens or the inslRimenl quantitation limit under an industrial land use scenaiio

b Cleanup goal selecled based on Florida Groundwater Guidance Concenlralion which is a TBC for ihc Sile c Cleanup goal selecled based on federal and Florida MCLs d Cleanup goal selected based on Florida secondary MCLs e Florida Groundwater and Surface Waler Cleanup Target Levels are available al

lmpAvwwdepslatenuswasicqiiick ionicsrulcsdocunieiils62-777TablelGroundwalciCTLs4-l 7-05ndllaccessed 8122010) A comparison of Floridas 1999 and 2005 Groundwater and Surface Waler Cleanup Target Levels is available al hllpu-vvvvdenslatenuswaslequick lopicsnublicalionswcbrownlicldsConipTabiesGroundwalerandSurli ccVValerCieaniipTartJelL evelspdf

f Cunent MCLs are based on federal (40 CFR 141-1431 and slate (62 FAC 550310) drinking waler slandards Federal standards are based on Nalional Primary and Secondaiy Drinking Waler Maximum Contaminant Levels (IU(p7valcrcpacovdrinkconlaininanlsindexcrniSLisi accessed S122010) and slale standards are based on Florida Slale Drinking Waler Synthetic Organic Conlajuinanls and their Slandards (hU|iwwwdcpslalciluswalerdrinkinswalersvn conlum accessed S122010)

g Gamma-BHC is lisied as lindane in federal and state MCLs

64 Data Review

Confinnatory sampling for the 2000 pesticide area removal action and for the 2004 and 2005 sulfijr area removal actions was perfonned immediately following the removals Surface soil and sediment with COC concentrations above industrial use cleanup goals had been effectively removed and no further sampling or OampM activities are required for surface soil and sediment

Ground water pilot test activities cunently underway include baseline sampling and four subsequent sampling events for the sulfur area (Table 5) and the xylene area (Table 6) The treatability study sampling events have been implemented as follows

Baseline sampling in August 2009 60-Day Event sampling in November 2009 120-Day Event sampling in January 2010 180-Day Event sampling in March 2010 and 240-Day Event sampling in May 2010

The pilot test is invesfigating methods for the biological and physical degradation of Site contaminants Follow-up sampling analyzes various aqueous geochemical parameters in addition to contaminant concentrations Per the EPA-approved work plan routine sampling analyses include four of the nine ground water COCs alpha-BHC beta-BHC

33

gamma-BHC and total xylenes in addition to various other contaminants and break-down products

In both the sulfur area and the xylene area ground water concentrations of alpha-BHC beta-BHC and gamma-BHC have predominantly remained consistent with baseline sampling levels and largely remain elevated above cleanup goals for the Site In the sulfur area total xylene concentrations in ground water when detected are well below the cleanup goal of 10000 igL The xylene release at the Site occurred downgradient from the fomier sulfur pit and these low concentrations of xylene are consistent with expectations for this area In the xylene area total xylene concentrations are responding to the treatment showing declines below the cleanup goal in several wells (eg X3U X5U X9U and XI IU) but showing increasing concentrations in other wells (eg X6D X7U and X8D) Only data fromthe first nine months ofthe treatability study were mdash available at the time this FYR report was being drafted detennination ofthe effectiveness of these treatments must wait until the study has been completed

Ofthe site-related VOCs present in the ground water plume only xylene and possibly ethylbenzene are present in the surficial aquifer and poses a potential vapor intrusion concem Remedial contractor EnSafe Inc included an updated total xylene plume map as Figure 5-5 in the 2009 Pilot Test and Interim Monitoring Work Plan This figure shows that concentrations at or above the xylene ground vater cleanup goal are located on the Helena Chemical Conipany property along the CSX Railroad right-of-way or under the railroad tracks The few buildings within this plume area are open-sided warehouse structures on the Helena Chemical Company property and thus a vapor intmsion assessment has not been necessary

Table 5 Sulfur Area Pilot Test COC Detections in Ground Water to Date

Well Sampled

Sampling Event

(Cleanup Goal)

COCs and Detected Concentrations (pgL)

Alpha-BHC

(005 pgL)

Beta-BHC -yy (01 pgL)

Gamma-BHC

(02 pgL)

Total Xylenes

(10000 pgL)

Ecw Plot Wells

SETIU

SET2D

SET3U

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

23 D

31

17

19

24

44 D

39

26

26

38

22

19

33 J

36 1

4

25

29

12 D

045

056

059

086

3

41

43 J

68

42

57

52

11 D

066

044

047

07

55

39 1

191

NA

0461

NA

31

U

NA

033 I

NA

082

58

NA

34

J y -Well

Sampled

SET4D

SET5U

SET6D

SET7U

SET8D

Sampling Event

(Cleanup Goal)

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

1 so-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

y y j COCs and Detected Concentrations (pgL)

Alpha-BHC

(005 pgL)

17

17

28

41 D

62

37

3

37

21 D

bull 17

13

26

34

97 D

46

44

28

63

12

14

11

11

14

47

36

32

39

47

Beta-BHC

(OI pgL)

33

21

3

061 J

15

094

0461

- 068

36

41

47

4

61

12

12

095

078 1

075

13

16 1

13

15

15

087

073

064

08 1

076

Gamma-BHC

(02 pgL)

44

341

57

074 J

087

12

046 1

- - 052

39

37 1

31

51

48

11

082 1

05

04 1

043

32

27

28

23

28

1

14

11

1 I

095

Total Xylenes

(10000 pgL)

86

NA

7

171

NA

11 1

NA

036

64

NA

3

NA

39

25

NA

76

NA

56

21

NA

35

NA

15

U

NA

33

NA

17

laquocv Plot Wells

SWTIU

SWT2D

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

1 so-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

19 IJ

099

14

13

22

048 J

U

U

0031

063 J

053

052

06

075

023 J

U

U

014

U

032

038

03

059

U

U

U

000941

U

NA

U

NA

U

0441

NA

07 1

NA

35

Well Sampled

SWT3U

SWT4D

SWT5U

SWT6D

SWT7U

SWT8D

-bull i

Sampling Event

(Cleanup Goal)

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

COCs and Detected Concentrations (pgL)

Alpha-BHC

(005 pgL)

U

075 J

18

13

14

22

073

018 --

U

U

U

51

U

16

41

18

037 J

073

056

057

061

039

029

045

059

073

028

02

015

016

011

Beta-BHC

(01 pgL)

U

021

079

035

033

047

036

- 0094

U

U

U

26

23

093

022 1

036

029 1

033

022

U

026

03

039

047

057

051

U

013

011

U

0056

Gamtiia-BHC

(02 pgL)

U

u 029

0084

019

022

U

012

011

012

U

24

24

08

052

U

U

0031 I

U

U

U

U

U

u u u u

00171

002 I J

U

U

Total Xylenes

(10000 pgL)

U n

NA

U

NA

069

U

NA

U

NA

U

72

NA

73

NA

60

36

NA

U

NA

U

U

NA

U

NA

U

92

NA

U

NA

U

D value reported from second diluiion 1 eslimaled valuebelow reporting limil J eslimaled value NA nol analyzed U undetected fitilic- COC was detected bul concentration was below cleanup goal

36

Table 6 Xylene Area Pilot Test COC Detections in Ground Water to Date

yy-

J j Well Sampled

XIU

X2D

X3U

X4D

X5U

X6D

X7U

Sampling Event

(Cleanup Goal)

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

_Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

COCs and Detected Concentrations (pgL)

Alpha-BHC

(005 pgL)

8 D

NA

NA

56

NA

71

NA

NA

58 J

NA

15D

NA

NA

15

NA

12D

NA

NA

23

NA

78 D

NA

NA

44 J

NA

52 D

NA

NA

28 J

NA

61 D

NA

NA

46

NA

Beta-BHC

(01 pgL)

19 D

NA

NA

13 J

NA

17

NA

NA

17J

NA

3 J

NA

NA

36

NA

13J

NA

NA

13 1

NA

093 ID

NA

NA

08 J

NA

091 ID

NA

NA

07 J

NA

12D

NA

NA

089

NA

Gamma-BHC

(02 pgL)

U

NA

NA

U

NA

071 I

NA

NA

14 J

NA

046 J

NA

NA

bull056

NA

42 J

NA

NA

82

NA

U

NA

NA

O I J

NA

38 D

NA

NA

2 J

NA

U

NA

NA

U

NA

Total Xylene

(10000 pgL)

200

13

11

23

29

180

56

54

150

42

23000

11000

13000

1400

4500

19000

12000

19000

22000

15000

18000

21000

20000

3200

13000

3000

1100

6000

40000

3000

24000

31000

37000

81000

34000

37

Well Sampled

X8D

X9U

bull XIOD

X l l U

X12D

Sampling Event

(Cleanup Goal)

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

COCs and Detected Concentrations (pgL)

Alpha-BHC

(005 pgL)

57

NA

NA

21 J

NA

39

NA

NA

53

NA

43

NA

NA

59

NA

81

NA

NA

49

NA

39

NA

NA

56

NA

Beta-BHC

(01 pgL)

14

NA

NA

018 U

NA

021 I

NA

NA

026 J

NA

049

NA

NA

061 I

NA

097

NA

NA

075 1

NA

064 1

NA

NA

093 ID

NA

Gamma-BHC

(02 pgL)

12

NA

NA

057 U

NA

025 1

NA

NA

017 J

NA

45

NA

NA

7

NA

U

NA

NA

U

NA

16

NA

NA

34

NA

Total Xylene

(10000 pgL)

960

7100

27000

19000

5700

22000

14000

35000

2700

950

770

260

780

760

540

14000

3800

1600

600

11000

4900

250

I I00

5800

9300 D value reponed from second dilution 1 eslimaled value below reponing limit J estimated value NA nol analyzed U not applicable Ilalics COC was delecled bul concenlralion was below cleanup goal

38

65 Site Inspection

On July 8 2010 the site inspection was perfomied by the following participants Galo Jackson of EPA Region 4 Edward Brister ofthe Helena Chemical Coinpany and Christy Fielden and Sabrina Foster of E~ Inc The completed Site inspection checklist is available in Appendix D Photographs were taken of site features including monitoring wells and access controls (Appendix E)

The Site has been in continuous operation since 1929 as an agricultural chemical manufacturing and distributing facility The bulk of chemical fonnulation activifies have been moved off-site to a different Helena Cheinical Coinpany facility in Georgia however some formulation and packaging of insecticidal spray oil and liquid fertilizers still occur at the Site The Site also serves as Helena Chemical Companys main-distribution warehouse for sales locations in the State of Florida

The Site inspection was led by Mr Ed Brister the Engineering Safety Health and Environment Director for the Helena Chemical Company who provided a tour ofthe full Helena Chemical Coinpany property indicating where remedial actions had been implemented and explaining the locations and associated activifies of current pilot testing for the ground water treatability study Several monitoring and injection wells were located during the Site inspection all active site wells were properly secured or had been appropriately abandoned Injection and monitoring wells for the adjacent Alaric Site were noted on the Helena Woods area ofthe Site but were not inspected since they are related to a different site The Site is well maintained and has a secure perimeter fence and clear signage in place Unauthorized persons are restricted from accessing the property outside of regular business hours

Evaluation and implementafion of institutional controls were discussed during the Site inspection Several interim institutional controls have been implemented for the Site and final institutional controls including land use restrictions will be evaluated and implemented if necessary once the current pilot-scale ground water remedy treatability study has concluded and a revised ground water remedy has been selected Zoning designations and the Helena Chemical Companys intention to continue operations at the Site for the foreseeable future liniit the potential for inappropriate land uses or on-site operations incompatible with remedy components in place EPA has also implemented ground water institutional controls through a Memorandum of Agreement with SWFWMD

On July 7 2010 E Inc staff conducted research regarding Site deed infonnation at the Hillsborough County Deed Records Office The approximately eight-acre Site is situated on four parcels of land 1) 65-acre Parcel A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000220 2) 088-acre Parcel A-14-29-I9-4CA-000000-000320 3) 092-acre Parcel A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000330 and 4) 017-acre Parcel A-14-29-19-4CE-000003-000010 (Figure 4) Deed records for the four parcels could not be located in the online database or microfilm collection at the deeds office Galo Jackson EPA RPM for the Site was infonned that the deeds could not be located and conducted a title search for the property through EPA

39

databases but was also unable to locate deed records According to the Hillsborough County Property Appraisers Office all four parcels are presently owned by Helena Chemical Company The active cheinical distribufion warehouse is located on Parcel A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000220

On July 8 2010 E Inc staff visited the designated local Site repository at the University of South Florida Library located at 4202 East Fowler Avenue Tampa Florida 33620 as part ofthe site inspection The site repository contained fourteen volumes of administrative documents and other infonnation pertaining to the Site This infomiation included documentation ofthe initial remedial investigation and feasibility study as well as a copy ofthe 1996 ROD The 2005 ESD and 2006 FYR could not be located at the time ofthe Site inspection but were provided to the library by RPM Galo Jackson on January 212011

The 1996 ROD called for institutional controls to be put in place as part of both the soil and sediment remedy and the ground water remedy (Table 7) According to the ROD soil and sediment institutional controls were to include deed restrictions Fencing was to provide an engineering control The Site is presently surrounded by a secured perimeter fence and access gates are locked outside of nonnal business hours The operating facility parcel is currently zoned as light industrial and the Helena Woods parcels are zoned as vacant land and a mobile home park The local Planning Commission anficipates rezoning all four parcels for heavy industrial use The fiature anficipated land use is consistent with the industrial exposure criteria used in the selection of Site cleanup goals The ROD also called for deed restrictions to restrict the use of site-impacted ground water on and off the Site in order to limit exposure to contaminated ground water until cleanup goals are achieved EPA and FDEP are in discussions regarding the restrictive covenant in order to prevent fijture exposure to Site soil A 2008 Memorandum of Agreement between EPA Region 4 and SWFWMD addresses the need to restrict the use of site-related ground water The agreement establishes regular communication between the two agencies and affinns SWFWMDs regulatory authority to implement and enforce ground water use restrictions at the Site This authority addresses well constmction pemiits restrictions on use of wells for potable water supply and requirements that well owners be notified of ground water contaniination that may impact their wells At the request ofthe FDEP once the treatability study is completed and a revised ground water remedy for the Site has been selected the need for additional ground water institutional controls will be reevaluated and the existing institutional controls will be modified or new institufional controls will be implemented as appropriate

40

Figure 4 Site Parcel Map

c

ir Pirtplm ( ^ r | [ i Vjrtrl ID ^r-iti-v-lt 14UtKu^iraquoiii 0

A u raquo114CA O cac i ao aociit o

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1laquo2raquo lraquo-CIltCT0lf7 0iraquo(l l

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A 1lt 2 19 ICAdWOOO tUGStO

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A-i4-raquo-]laquoltif (KU)ittMraquoaii] u A 14 J 9 14 laquoCA IXHIraquoDC(Xrli t

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raquo 1 4 29-19-4CE OOOOOI-OWWO A- l J9- )bullbulllaquo s wnmn-flooiM t A 14-29- UI4ig4IOOM94UOraquolgt

A 14 2laquo 19 4C9 OODOOl 400070

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A 14 29 194CAlaquoXI00Ca0ata0

A 1429^ i9-4CA-iicaaixi-ooa2a 2

A14 29-19 4CHIOOlaquogt7KIlaquoIraquo 0

A-14 JV tlaquo-laquoii -uxiot-nnDi i

A14 2laquo ilaquo-4CAiiooacii]-aaoigo A 14 23 LO 4CMI00Oraquo OOOOlO

A 14 29-isacE-oooora-aotrao

A-t4-ii-lraquo-laquo A-ooooawwoK o

A lA-2V^lraquot(A-Igt]ltKcll-IIIiaiI I

A 14-29 19-raquoCf oocoos acooi-o

A 14 29 19 ACI OOmOl-OCOOll

A-W-29-19-4CI-aXK)07-OOOOTjO

Arl4-Jraquo llti-4n-O30O3V00COI c

A l4 2raquo l9 4Ulaquoraquo006-OOOa24l

A 14 29 19 4 a 000004 OOOOSjO

A 14 29-19-4CC-D0O00aOO0a3lCI

A t raquo 29-19-laquotA4laquoIO0OT-00CO9O

bull i4-2raquo^iltM( A-oniucu IXUltl 0

A 14 2raquo 19gt4CA4gt0O(ICa OOOISXI

A 14 raquo 1raquo4CA DOOOOO 00014 1

Legend

I Site Parcels

I ^ _ J site Boundary

AjiprowmatBBoundary o tSurfc ia l Aquiter Ground Whter Pfume |

Approximate Boundary of in tennedia te Aquieet Sys t em Ground w a t e r R u m e

A i Parcels

Helena Chemical Company Superfund Site Tampa Hillsborough County Florida

Disc la imer Th i s m a p and any b o u n d a r y l ines w i th in the m a p a re a p p r o x i m a t e a n d subject to c h a n g e T h e m a p is not a survey T h e m a p is for

informat ional pu rposes only r ega rd ing E P A s r e s p o n s e ac t ions at t h e Si te and is not in tended for any o the r purpose

41

Table 7 Institutional Control (IC) Summary Table

Media

Ground Water

Soil and Sediment

ICs Needed

Yes

Yes

ICs Called for in the Decision Documents

Yes

Yes

IC Objective

Restrict use of contaminated ground water to limit exposure until cleanup goals are achieved

Restrict land uses to industrial or similar

The 1996 ROD also listed fencing as an institutional control for soil and sed not been included above because it is considered an engineering control

Instrument in Place

The 1996 ROD called for deed notices as the institutional control instrument These have not been implemented However a 2008 Memorandum of Agreement between EPA and SWFWMD confirms SWFWMDs regulatory authority to restrict well constmction restrict well use as a potable water source and requiring that well owners benotified of ground water contamination that may impact their wells This authority applies to on-site parcels as well as off-site parcels covering the entire area affected by site-related ground water contamination

The land use restrictions called for in the 1996 ROD have not been implemented however Helena Chemical Company has maintained operations at the Site tliroughout remedial activities and intends to continue Site operations for the foreseeable future A restrictive covenant will be placed on the Site to ensure the Site is only used for industrial purposes The operating facility parcel is presently zoned for light industrial use and all four parcels will soon be rezoned for heavy industrial use which is consistent with the industrial exposure criteria used in selecting cleanup goals for the Site A secure perimeter fence restricts access to the Site limiting the potential for inadvertent soil exposure

ment source control however this has

42

66 Interviews

During the FYR process interviews were conducted with parties impacted by the Site including the current landowners and regulatory agencies involved in Site activities or aware ofthe Site The purpose ofthe interviews was to document the perceived status of the Site and any perceived problems or successes with the phases ofthe remedy that have been implemented to date Intei^views with Mr Jackson and Mr Brister were conducted during the site inspection on July 8 2010 Interviews with Ms Milicic and Ms Yeargan were conducted via e-mail on August 23 2010 and September 27 2010 respectively Several nearby businesses were also contacted but declined or did not have interest in being interviewed about the Site Interviews are summarized below and complete interviews are included in Appendix C

Galo Jackson Mr Jackson is the EPA RPM for the Site Mr Jackson indicates that a pilot-scale treatability study for site ground water is presently underway Results are being routinely shared with EPA and FDEP while there have been many challenges and it is still too early to detennine whether the treatments being explored can effecfively address ground water contamination he is hopeful that the treatments will be successful He has not received any complaints or inquiries from the community in the past five years and is not aware of any effects the Site may have had on the surrounding community He is pleased with the regular updates and infonnation he receives from the remedial contractor EnSafe Inc

Edward Brister Mr Brister is the Engineering Safety Health and Environinent Director for the Helena Chemical Conipany Mr Brister indicates that he is pleased with progress at the Site and believes that the remedial activities taken to date are perfomiing successfully He feels well infonned about activities and progress at the Site He does not know of any effects that the Site has had on the surrounding cominunity beyond the potential for Superfiind stigma which is common at many similar sites Mr Brister indicates that there is one residence in the area ofthe Site and that the owners a couple had expressed concems to him in the past He notes that the couple was temporarily relocated during removal activities in 2000 and again during sulfijr area removal actions in 2004 and 2005 Other than his discussions with the couple who were temporarily relocated he has not heard any complaints or concems from the cominunity regarding the Site

Karen Milicic Ms Milicic is the FDEP project manager for the Site Ms Milicic thinks that activities at the Site are making progress in addressing site COCs She is aware ofthe treatability study work that is presently underway and feels very well infonned regarding progress at the Site She believes that it is sfill too early to comment on the effectiveness ofthe current treatments being explored for ground water at the Site as the treatability study has not yet concluded She is not aware of any complaints or inquiries regarding the Site over the last five years

Mary Yeargan Ms Yeargan is the Environmental Protection Commission of Hillsborough County project manager for the Site Ms Yeargan has been involved at the

43

Site for many years and participated in the previous 2006 FYR site inspection She indicates that the Site is situated in an area that is impacted by multiple Superfijnd sites as well as other facilities that contribute to blight in the area She acknowledges that the Site may contribute to some more general community concems about the presence of Superfijnd sites in the area but she does not think that the Site specifically has been the source of concem within the larger area Since the 2006 FYR Ms Yeargan has received one complaint about potential ground water contaniination that a community member thought may have resulted from one ofthe area Superfund sites The well was tested by the Department of Public Health contamination was not detected in the sampling and the well was found to be safe for continued use She is not aware of any changes in laws or land use in the area that would impact the Site Given the shortage of lands available for heavy industrial uses she thinks it would be unlikely for the zoning ofthe parcels that compose the Site-to be changed to anything other than heavy industrial-She feels welf infomied about site activities and remains in regular communication as needed with EPA RPM Galo Jackson

44

70 Technical Assessment

71 Question A Is the remedy functioning as intended by the decision documents

The review of documents ARARs risk assumptions and the Site inspection indicate that the Sites soil remedy is functioning as intended by Site decision documents for soil and sediment Pesticide-contaminated surface soil and sediment at the Site and the adjacent CSX railway line east drainage ditch were excavated and shipped offsite for biological treatment and disposal Contaminated soil and residual sulfur were also excavated and shipped offsite for disposal Since there is commingling ofthe Sites ground water plumes with those ofthe adjacent Alaric Site the pump-and-treat ground water remedy selected in the 1996 ROD may not cunently be appropriate to implement at the Site until

- the Alaric Sites plumes have been remediated Helena Chemical Conipany proposed a pilot-scale treatability study to evaluate the feasibility of biological and physical ground water contaminant degradation The Work Plan for this treatability study was approved by EPA in August 2009 The study is currently underway and was scheduled to conclude by the fourth quarter of 2010 with a contingency period of another 12 months if necessary A final report documenting the effectiveness ofthe first fijll year ofthe treatability study was not available at the time this FYR report was drafted therefore a decision regarding whether to implement the additional 12 month contingency period had also not been made The final results ofthe treatability study will be used to infonn the selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site In the event that the treatability study is not successful EPA may consider additional avenues to approach remediation including additional excavation

The 1996 ROD selected the implementation of institutional controls in the form of deed restrictions for soil sediment and ground water to limit exposure to site-related contamination Fencing was also required by the 1996 ROD Land use restrictions have not been implemented for the Site however some interim institutional controls to protect against exposure to ground water contamination have been implemented Helena Chemical Company intends to confinue Site operations for the foreseeable future and has no intention to sell lease or transfer any portion ofthe Site Cunent and future zoning designations are consistent with the industrial land use criteria used in selection of Site COC cleanup goals In 2008 EPA entered into a Memorandum of Agreement with the SWFWMD The document confirms SWFWMDs regulatory authority to place restrictions on well placement and constmction Through shared infomiation between the two agencies SWFWMD can make infomied pennitting and enforcement decisions to prevent exposure to ground water contamination that could pose a risk to hunian health No impacted ground water wells are used for potable water buildings at the Site and in the surrounding area are connected to municipal water supply lines The need for additional institufional controls will be evaluated upon selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site

The Site is well-maintained and is surrounded by a secured perimeter fence with signs restricting access Access is limited to authorized persons during regular business hours

45

All site-related wells are secured or if no longer operational have been properly abandoned

72 Question B Are the exposure assumptions toxicity data cleanup levels and remedial action objectives (RAOs) used at the time of remedy selection still valid

The ARARs for four ofthe nine ground water COCs aldrin alpha-BHC beta-BHC and dieldrin have become more stringent since the signing ofthe 1996 ROD During the current ground water treatability study both alpha-BHC and beta-BHC have been detected at levels greater than the RODs less stringent cleanup goals for these COCs Remedial activities at the Site have allowed the continued industrial use ofthe property and have reduced ecological risk at the Site The selection of a revised ground water remedy is required before achieving the remaining two RAOs 1) protection of ground water from continued degradation by Site contaminants and 2) reduction of risk to human health within EPAs acceptable risk range Residual soil contamination remains present below the water table and the ground water plume continues to exceed cleanup goals The industrial land use at the Site and in the surrounding area is unchanged since the ROD was signed therefore the exposure assumpfions are still valid Benzene and ethylbenzene are being detected in the groundwater at concentrations above the primary drinking-water standards

73 Question C Has any other information come to light that could call into question the protectiveness ofthe remedy

No other infomiation has come to light that could call into question the protectiveness of the remedy

74 Technical Assessment Summary

The review of documents ARARs risk assumptions and the Site inspection indicate that the Sites soil remedy is functioning as intended by Site decision documents for soil and sediment Pesticide-contaminated surface soil and sediment at the Site and the adjacent CSX railway line east drainage ditch were excavated and shipped offsite for biological treatment and disposal Contaminated soil and residual sulfur were also excavated and shipped off-site for disposal Since there is commingling ofthe Sites ground water plumes with those ofthe adjacent Alaric Site the pump-and-treat ground water remedy selected in the 1996 ROD may not currently be appropriate to implement at the Site until the Alaric Sites plumes have been remediated Helena Chemical Company proposed a pilot-scale treatability study to evaluate the feasibility of biological and physical ground water contaminant degradafion The work plan for this treatability study was approved by EPA in August 2009 The study is currenfiy underway and was scheduled to conclude by the fourth quarter of 2010 vvith a contingency period of another 12 months if necessary A final report documenting the effectiveness ofthe first full year ofthe treatability study was not available at the time this FYR report was drafted therefore a decision regarding whether to implement the additional 12 month contingency period had also not been made The final results ofthe treatability study will be used to infonn the selection of a

46

revised ground water remedy for the Site In the event that the treatability study is not successful EPA may consider addifional avenues to approach remediation including additional excavation

The ARARs for four ofthe nine ground water COCs aldrin alpha-BHC beta-BHC and dieldrin have become more stringent since the signing ofthe 1996 ROD During the current ground water treatability study both alpha-BHC and beta-BHC have been detected at levels greater than the cuirent less-stringent cleanup goal for these COCs Remedial activities at the Site have allowed the continued industrial use ofthe property and have reduced ecological risk at the Site The selection of a revised ground water remedy is required before achieving the remaining two RAOs 1) protection of ground water from confinued degradation by Site contaminants and 2) reduction of risk to

-human health within EPAs acceptable risk range Residual soil contaniination remains present below the water table and the ground water plume continues to exceed cleanup goals The industrial land use at the Site and in the surrounding area has not changed since the ROD was signed therefore the exposure assumptions are still valid

The 1996 ROD selected the implementation of institutional controls in the fomi of deed restrictions for soil sediment and ground water to liinit exposure to site-related contamination Fencing was also required by the 1996 ROD Land use restrictions have not been implemented for the Site however some interim institufional controls to protect against exposure to ground water contamination have been implemented Helena Chemical Company intends to continue Site operations for the foreseeable future and has no intention to sell lease or transfer any portion ofthe Site Current and future zoning designations are consistent with the industrial land use criteria used in selection of site COC cleanup goals In 2008 EPA entered into a Memorandum of Agreement with the SWFWMD The document confinns SWFWMDs regulatory authority to place restrictions on well placement and constmction Through shared infonnation between the two agencies SWFWMD can make infonned pemiitting and enforcement decisions to prevent exposure to ground water contamination that could pose a risk to hunian health No impacted ground water wells are used for potable water buildings at the Site and in the surrounding area are connected to municipal water supply lines The need for additional institutional controls will be evaluated upon selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site

The Site is well-maintained and is surrounded by a secured perimeter fence with signs restricting access Access is limited to authorized persons during regular business hours All site-related wells have been secured or if no longer operational have been properly abandoned

47

80 Issues

Table 8 summarizes the current site issues

Table 8 Current Site Issues

Issue

A revised ground water remedy for the Site has not been selected or implemented and sampling events continue to detect COC concentrations in ground water that are greater than cleanup goals Land use restrictions for the Site have not yet been implemented

Affects Current Protectiveness

(Yes or No)

No

No

Affects Future Protectiveness

(Yes or No)

Yes

Yes

48

90 Recommendations and Follow-up Actions

Table 9 provides recommendations to address the current site issues

Table 9 Recommendations to Address Current Site Issues

Issue

A revised groundshywater remedy for the Site has not been selected or mdash implemented and sampling events continue to detect COC concentrations in ground water that are greater than cleanup goals

Land use restrictions for the Site have not yet been implemented

Recommendations Follow-Up Actions

- At the conclusion ofthe current pilot study evaluate results and if appropriate docunient the selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site

A restrictive covenant will be concluded designed to ensure the Site remains industrial

Party Responsible

PRP

PRP

Oversight Agency

EPA

EPA

Milestone Date

01312012

01312012

Affects Protectiveness

(Yes or No) Current

No

No

Future

Yes

Yes

49

100 Protectiveness Statements

The Sites remedy currently protects huinan health and the environment in the short-tenn because it is functioning as intended by the Sites decision documents for soil and sediment Source materials have been excavated and removed for off-site treatment and disposal The selected ground water remedy has not yet been implemented due to concems with promoting migration ofthe ground water plume from the neighboring Alaric Site A pilot-scale bioremediafion treatability study is underway and will hopefully aid in the selecfion of a revised ground water remedy for the Site The affected surficial aquifer in the vicinity ofthe Site is not used for potable water supply and area residents and businesses are connected to municipal water supply In order for the remedy to be protective in the long-tenn issues conceming implementation of a revised ground water remedy and institutional controls should be addressed

50

110 Next Review

This Site is a statutory Site that requires ongoing FYRs as long as waste is left on site that does not allow for unrestricted use and unlimited exposure The next FYR will be due within five years ofthe signatureapproval date ofthis FYR

51

Appendix A List of Documents Reviewed

CERCLA Infonnafion System Site Infomiation accessed from website httpcfpubepa^ovsupercpadcursitescsitinfocfinid=0400674 Accessed May 12 2010

EPA Record of Decision Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) EPA ID FLD053502696 Prepared by US EPA Region 4 May 7 1996

Explanation of Significant Differences Helena Chemical Superfund Site Tampa Hillsborough County FL Prepared by US EPA Region 4 January 27 2005

First Five-Year Review Report for Helena Chemical Company Tampa Hillsborough County Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for US EPA Region 4 January 31 2006 mdash

First Quarter 2010 Pilot Test Implementation Report Helena Chemical Company Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Chemical Conipany July 7 2010

Fourth Quarter 2009 Pilot Test Implementation Report Helena Chemical Company Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Chemical Coinpany March 12 2010

Memorandum of Agreement between the US Environmental Protection Agency Region 4 Superfund Division and the Southwest Florida Water Management District September 11 2008

Pilot Test and Interini Monitoring Work Plan for the Helena Chemical Conipany Superfund Site Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Chemical Company June 30 2009

Pilot Test Implementation Report Helena Cheinical Company Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Chemical Company December 22 2009

Second Quarter 2010 Pilot Test Implementation Report Helena Chemical Conipany Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Chemical Company September 23 2010

Third Quarter 2009 Pilot Test Implementation Report Helena Chemical Company Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Cheinical Coinpany December 22 2009

A-l

Appendix B Press Notice

y PRoA^

U S Environmental Protection Agency Region 4 Announces a Five-Year Review for

the Helena Chemical Company Superfund Site Tampa Hillsborough Countj Florida

PurposeObjective The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is conducting a Five-Year Review ofthe remedy for the Helena Chemical Company Superfuiid site (Site) in Tampa Florida The purpose ofthe Five-Year Review is to ensure that the selected cleanup actions effectively protect human health and the environment

Site~Background The Site covers approximately eight acres and is located in the Orient Park industrial area in Tampa Floiida The ~ facility was built in 1929 as a chemical plant for the production of sulfur The initial owners manufactured wettable and dusting sulfur and formulated pesticides herbicides fungicides and fertilizers at the facility Helena Chemical Company purchased the property in 1967 and continued these manufacturing operations until 1981 The company moved its pesticide herbicide and fiingicide formulation operations to Georgia in 1981 but has continued to fonnulate insecticidal petroleum oil and liquid fertilizers at the facility Former manufacturing operations by Helena Chemical Company and its predecessors resulted in soil and ground water contamination EPA placed the Site on the National Priorities List (NPL) in October 1992

Cleanup Actions In 1996 EPA signed the Record of Decision (ROD) for the Site which selected a remedy to clean up contaminants by excavating and treating contaminated soils disposing of sulfur-contaminated soils offsite neutralizing soil pH and containing ground water contamination to prevent off-site migration Between 2000 and 2005 more than 10000 tons of contaminated soils were excavated for treatment and soils with sulfur contamination were disposed of off site After the soil removals lime was incorporated into remaining on-site soils to neutralize the sulfuric acid present four feet below the land surface However the addition of lime appears to have had minimal effect on areas with low pH Design ofthe ground water treatment system was delayed due to the need to distinguish between source contamination at the Site and source contaniination emanating from another Superfijnd site the Alaric Area Ground Water Plume site which is located adjacent to the Site Ground water sampling conducted in 2007 concluded that pesticide concentrations at the Site continue to exceed cleanup goals established in the ROD and require remedial action Several pilot-scale treatability studies commenced in 2009 and are presently underway

Five-Vear Review Schedule The National Contingency Plan requires that remedial actions that result in any hazardous substances pollutants or contaminants remaining at the Superfimd Sites above levels that allow for unlimited use and unrestricted exposure be reviewed every five years to ensure the protection of human health and the environment The second ofthe Five-Year Reviews for this Site will be completed in January 2011

EPA invites community participation in the Five-Year Review process EPA is conducting this Five-Year Review to evaluate the effectiveness ofthe Sites remedy and to ensure that the remedy remains protective of human health and the environment As part ofthe Five-Year Review process EPA staff are available to answer any questions about the Site Community members who have questions about the Site or the Five-Year Review process or vvho would like to participate in a community interview are asked to contact

Galo Jackson Remedial Project Manager LTonya Spencer Community Involvement Coordinator Phone 404-562-8937 Phone 404-562-8463 1 -800-435-9234 (toll free) E-mail jacksongaloMjepauov E-mail spencerlatonva(5)epagov

Mailing Address EPA Region 4 Sam Nunn Atlanta Federal Center 61 Forsyth St SW Mail Code 9T25 Atlanta GA 30303-8960

Site information is also available at the Sites local document repository at University of South Florida Library 4202 East Fowler Avenue Tampa Florida 33620 and online at httpwvwepcigovi-egion4wasteitplitplflshelenafl-hlin

B-

Appendix C Interview Forms

Interview Form 2011 Five-Year Review - Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) Site Tampa FL

Site Name Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) EPA ID No FLD053502696 Interviewer Name Sabrina Foster Affiliation E Inc Subjects Name Galo Jackson Affiliation EPA Region 4 Subjects Contact Information iacksongalo(fl)epagov Time 915 am Date July 8 2010 Type of Interview (Circle one) In Person Phone Mail Other Location of Interview Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) site

IVIiat is your overall impression ofthe project In tenns ofthe pilot-scale treatability study for water the project is on schedule We are getting results back having them reviewed but it is still too early to tell what the final result will be The treatability study has been challenging but I am hopeful that it will work

2 What effect has this site had on the surrounding community ifany^7 None that 1 am aware of

3 How well do you believe the remedy currently in place is performing7 Do you believe the monitoring data show the remedys effectiveness^ As 1 said before we are still working on the treatability study so it is really too early to tell The study is still in early stages

4 Are you aware of any complaints or inquiries regarding environmental issues or the remedial action from residents since implementation ofthe cleanup 1 have not received any in the last five years

5 Are you aware of any changes in projected land use at or near the site No as far as I know it is all still zoned for heavy industrial use

6 Do you feel well informed about the site y activities and progress Yes EnSafe are the remedial contractors and they do a good job keeping me well-in fonn ed

7 Do you have any commenis suggeslions or recommendations regarding the sile s management or operation Not really The treatability study is underway and 1 am hopeful that it will work

C-1

Site Name Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) EPA ID No FLD053502696 Interviewer Name Sabrina Foster Affiliation E Inc Subjects Name Ed Brister Affiliation Helena Chemical Company Subjects Contact Information bristere(laquo)helenachemicacom Time 900 am Date July 8 2010 Type of Interview (Circle one) In Person Phone Mail Other Location of Interview Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) site

1 What is your overall impression ofthe project My impression is that it is good and has been a successful project

2 What e f f y has this site had on the surrounding community ifany mdash We dont know of any effect on the surrounding community Certainly there hasnt been

an effect on human health At any site like this you are going to have stigma issues but we dont hear any concerns out ofthe community about it

3 How well do you believe the remedy currently in place is performing 1 think it is doing well

4 Are you aware of any complaints or inquiries regarding environmental issues or the remedial action from residents since implementation ofthe cleanup Yes During the implementation ofthe cleanup the soil excavations we did hear of concems Irom a neighbor [Resident 1] We addressed her concems by temporarily moving her and her husband from their home for a couple of months to a location south of here We temporarily moved the [residents] twice once during the big removal in 2000 and again during the excavation and removal ofthe sulfur area in 2004-2005

5 Are you aware of any changes in projected land use at or near the site No not for here or for the surrounding areas

6 Do you feel well informed about the site s activities and progress Yes

7 Do you have any commenis suggestions or recommendations regarding the site f management or operation No

C-2

SiteName Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) EPA ID No FLD053502696 Subjects Name Karen Milicic Affiliation FDEP Subjects Contact Information 850-245-8931 Time 913 am Date August 23 2010 Type of Interview (Circle one) In Person Phone Mail Other E-mail Location of Interview Tallahassee FL

What is your overall impression ofthe project Good appear to be making progress on addressing the contaminants of concem

2 How well do you believe the remedy currently in place is performing Still too early to tell basedon recent lab data

3 Are you comfortable with the institutional controls required for the Site and their current status of implementation Yes at this time

4 Are you aware of any complaints or inquiries regarding environmental issues or the remedial action from residents in the last five years No not aware of any complaints andor inquiries regarding the Site

5 Has your office conducted any Site-related activities or communications in the last five years If so please give purpose and results of these activities Yes to attend a site visit with EPA RPM Galo Jackson

6 Are you aware of any changes to state laws that might affect the protectiveness ofthe remedy Are you aware of any changes in projected land use at the Site Not at this fime

7 Do you feel well informed about the Site 5 activities and progress Feel very well infomied regarding the progress ofthe Site

8 Do you have any comments suggestions or recommendations regarding the Site s management or operation None at this time

C-3

Site Name Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) EPA ID No FLD053502696 Interviewer Name Sabrina Foster Affiliation E^ Inc Subjects Name Mary Yeargan Affiliation Environmental Protection

Commission of Hillsborough County Subjects Contact Information yearganm(fl)epchcorg Time 330 pm Date September 27 2010 Type of Interview (Circle one) In Person Phone Mail Other

What is your overall impression ofthe project My overall impression is that it is continuing along as it has been

2 What are your views about current site condition problems or related concerns mdash 1 was onthe site visit for the last FYR so I am familiar with the-Site and the Five-Year

Review process I think that things are continuing to move forward at the Site with the treatments underway

3 What effect has this site had on the surrounding community This is a blighted community and certainly the presence of a Superfund site contributes to the perception of blight But Helena is not the only Superfund site in the area there is also Stauffer Chemical Florida Steel Alaric as well as the jail and all the bail bonds places So there is blight in the community but it is npt a direct result of Helena

4 Has the local government received any citizen complaints or inquiries regarding environmental issues or activities at this site I havent received any specific complaints nothing about Helena in particular The calls I get largely concem other specific Superfund sites in the area or just the presence of Superfijnd sites in general I did receive a call in 2008 firom a resident who was concemed about well water and whether the presence of Superfijnd sites in the area meant that the water was contaminated Again they didnt specifically mention Helena just Superfund sites in general We called the Department of Public Health to come out and sampled the well and there was no contamination present

5 Have there been routine communications or activities (site visits inspections reporting activities etc) conducted by your office regarding the site If yes please give purpose and results No

6 Are you aware of any changes to local laws that might affect the protectiveness ofthe remedy Are you aware of any changes in projected land use at the Site No Im not aware of any changes to local laws that would impact the Site Helena continues to operate so that land use hasnt changed and I dont imagine that the land use zoning would be changed to anything other than heavy industrial There is a limited amount of space available for heavy industrial so they are going to keep any land already zoned for that purpose

C-4

7 Do you feel well informed about the Sites activities and progress If not what methods would you recommend EPA use to disseminate more information Sure

8 Do you have any comments suggestions or recommendations regarding the project None I have worked with Galo for some time and let him know right away if there are any complaints

C-5

Appendix D Site Inspection Checklist

FIVE-YEAR REVIEW SITE INSPECTION CHECKLIST

I SITE INFORMATION

Site name Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) Date of inspection July 8 2010

Location and Region Tampa FL Region 4 EPA ID FLD053502696

Agency office or company leading the five-year review EPA Region 4 Weathertemperature Clear skies sunny 85F

Remedy Includes (Check all that apply) I I Landfill covercontainment [XI Access controls IXI Institutional controls Xl Groundwater pump and treatment I I Surface water collection and treatment Xl Other Soil excavation and off-site disposal

I I Monitored natural attenuation XI Groundwater containment [~| Vertical banier walls

ttachments XT] Inspection team roster attached I I Site map attached

II INTERVIEWS (Check all that apply)

1 OampM site manager Name Title

Interiewed 77 at site [d at office Q by phone Phone no Problems suggestions XU Report attached

mmddvgtvv Date

OampM staff Name Title

Interviewed O at site J at office XU by phone Phone no Problems suggestions [d Report attached

mmddyyvv Date

D-

3 Local regulatory authorities and response agencies (ie State and Tribal offices emergency response office police department office of public health or environmental health zoning office recorder of deeds or other city and county offices etc) Fill in all that apply

Agency FDEP Contact

Problems

Agencv Cont c t Problems

Agency Contact

Problems

Aeencv Contact

Problems

Agency Contact

Problems

Karen Milicic Name

suggestions bull Report attached

Name suggestions 1 1 Report attached

N me suggestions bull Report attached

Name suggestions bull Report attached

Name suggestions CD Report attached

Proiect Manager Title

see Appendix C

8232010 Date

Title

Title see Appendix C

Date

mdash

Date

Title see Appendix C

ate

Title see Appendix C

Date

850-245-8931 Phone No

Phone No

Phone No

Phone No

Ph iieNo

4 Other interviews (optional) bull Report attached

EPA Region 4 Galo Jackson Remedial Project Manager 782010 404-562-8937

Helena Chemical Company (PRP) Ed Brister Director of Engineering Safety Health 782010901-537-8600

and Environment

III ON-SITE DOCUMENTS amp RECORDS VERIFIED (Check all that apply)

1 O amp M Documents

n OampM manual D Readily available bull Up to date

1 1 As-built drawings O Readily available Q Up to date

n Maintenance logs Q Readily available []] Up to date

Remarks

^ N A

K | N A

E ] N A

2 Site-Specific Health and Safety Plan bull Readily available ^ Up to date D NA

n Contingency planemergency response plan bull Readily available ^ Up to date O NA

Remarks

3 O amp M and OSHA Training Records Q Readily available D Up to date lEI NA

Remarks

D-2

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

1

Permits and Service Agreements

r~l Air discharge pemiit

bull Effluent discharge

n Waste disposal POTW

1 1 Other pemiits

Remarks

Gas Generation Records

Remarks

Settlement Monument Records

Remarks

Groundwater Monitoring Records

r~1 Readily available

n Readily available

77 Readily available

[y Readily available

[72 Readily available

[y Readily available

Q Readily available

Remarks Ground water monitoring records are available for the feasibilitv and intemiittent monitoring records from

n Up to date

bull Up to date

n Up to date

n Up to date

n Up to date

n Up to date mdash bull -

IC] Up to date

[ 3 NA

^ N A

KNA

KNA

13 NA

S N A

KINA

study currently underway sampling to confirm the effectiveness of soil remedial

actions are also available Since a revised ground water remedy for the Site has not vet been or implemented long-temi monitoring o

Leachate Extraction Records

Remarks

Discharge Compliance Records

selected f ground water remedy effectiveness has not yet begun 1

n Readily available

bull Air n Readily available bull Up to date

bull Water (effluent) bull Readily available bull Up to date

Remarks

Daily AccessSecurity Logs

Remarks

IV

OampM Organization

1 1 State in-house

n PRP in-house

1 1 Federal Facility in-house

n

X3 Readily available

OampM COSTS

1 1 Contractor for State

n Contractor for PRP

bull Up to date KNA

KlNA

^ N A

bull Up to date

1 1 Contractor for Federal Facility

KINA

D-3

-gt

3

OampM Cost Records

1 1 Readily available

1 1 Funding mechanist

Original OampM cost es

From mniddvYw

Date

From mmddNyyy

Date

From mnidd-w-w

Date

From mmddyvY

Date

From mmddyvw

Date

Unanticipated or Unu

Describe costs and reas

n Up to date

nagreement in place CH Unavailable

imate | 1 Breakdown attached

Total annual cost by year for review period

To mmddyvw

Date Total cost

To mmddN-vw

ate Total cost

To mmddyvw

Date Total cost

To mmddvvNv

Date Total cost

To mmddyvw

Date Total cost

iually High OampM Costs During Review P

ons

if available

bull Breakdown aitached

1 1 Breakdown attached

- 1 1 Breakdown attached

1 1 Breakdown attached

CH Breakdown attached

eriod

V ACCESS AND INSTITUTIONAL CONTROLS ^ Applicable D NA

A

1

B

1

C

Fencing

Fencing damaged Q Location shown on site map ^ G

Remarks Fencing surrounds entire property gates are secured outsi

Other Access Restrictions

Signs and other security measures O Location s

Remarks Access signs are posted near entry gates

Institutional Controls (ICs]

ues secured CD NA

de of operation hours

10wn on site map CD NA

D-4

Implementation and enforcement

Site conditions imply ICs not properly implemented

Site conditions imply ICs not being fully enforced

Type of monitoring (eg self-reporting drive by)

Frequency

Responsible partyagency

Contact

Name Title

Reporting is up-to-date

Reports are verified by the lead agency

Specific requirements in deed or decision documents have been met

Violations have been reported

Other problems or suggestions CD Report attached

D Y e s

D Y e s

No D NA

No D N A

mrrvaoyy

Date D Yes

DYes

DYes

DYes

wv Phone no

D N O

D N O

D N O

D N O

DNA

Q N A

DNA

DNA

2 Adequacy ^ ICs are adequate O ICs are inadequate CD NA

Remarks The 1996 ROD calls for institutional controls in the fomi of site deed restrictions to limit exposure to ground water contamination until cleanup goals are achieved The ROD also calls for fencing to limit access and exposure to site soil contamination At the request ofthe FDEP land use restrictions for the Site have not yet been implemented however some interim institutional controls lo protect against exposure to ground water contamination have been implemented EPA signed a Memorandum of Agreement with the SWFWMD affimiing SWFWMDs regulatory authority to restrict well construction and well use for potable water at and in the area ofthe Site Secure perimeter fencing provides an engineering control to restrict access to the Site The risk for exposure is minimal because surface soil has been remediated the Helena Chemical Company has continued site operations and plans to continue industrial activities at the Site into the foreseeable ftiture and current and future land use zoning is consistent with the industrial cleanup criteria used in the selection of site cleanup goals

A treatability study is currently underway to help detennine the revised remedy for ground water Once this remedy has been selected and decision documents have been appropriately updated Helena Chemical Company EPA the slate and Hillsborough County will evaluate changes to existing institutional controls and addition of new institutional controls for the Site as well as impacted ground water area as appropriate

D General

Vandalismtrespassing

Remarks

I I Location shown on site map No vandalism evident

2 Land use changes on site

Remarks

NA

3 Land use changes off site

Remarks

^ N A

VI GENERAL SITE CONDITIONS

Roads Applicable D NA

D-5

1

B

Roads damaged

Remarks Paved aspha

Other Site Conditions

[y] Location shown on site map ^ Roads adequate Q NA

It roads are used for access to warehouses and the office building on site

Remarks

A

1

T

3

4

5

6

7

8

VII

Landfill Surface

LANDFILL COVERS D Applicable [^ NA

Settlement (Low spots)

Arial extent

Remarks

Cracks

Lengths

Remarks

Erosion

Arial extent

Remarks

Holes

Arial extent

Remarks

Vegetative Cover

1 1 No signs of stres

Remarks

Alternative Cover

Remarks

Bulges

Arial extent

Remarks

s

1 1 Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

Widths

CD Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on sit map

CH Grass

1 1 TreesSlirubs (indicate size and loi

amiored rock concrete etc)

Xy Location shown on site map

rn Settlement not evident

Depth

CD Cracking not evident

Depths

CD Erosion not evident

Depth

CD Holes not evident

Depth

1 1 Cover properly established

bullations on a diagram)

DNA

CD Bulges not evident

Height

Wet AreasWater Damage bull Wet areaswater damage not evident

bull Wet areas

CD Ponding

n Seeps

bull Soft subgrade

Remarks

CD Location shown on site map

1 1 Location shown on site map

1 1 Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

Arial extent

Arial extent

Arial extent

Arial extent

D-6

9

B

1

2

3

C

1

1

3

4

5

Slope Instability

1 1 No evidence of slope

Arial extent

Remarks

n Slides

instability

CD Location shown on site map

Benches D Applicable ^ NA

(Horizontally constructed mounds of earth placed across a steep landfill side slope to interrupt the slope in order to slow down the velocity of surface runoff and intercept and convey the runoff to a lined channel)

Flows Bypass Bench

Remarks

Bench Breached

Remarks

Bench Overtopped

Remarks

CD Location shown on site map

bull Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

CD NA or okay

bull NA or okay

1 j NA or okay

Letdown Channels bull Applicable ^ NA

(Charaiel lined with erosion control mats riprap grout bags or gabions that descend down the steep side slope ofthe cover and will allow the runoff water collected by the benches to move off of the landfill cover without creating erosion gullies)

Settlement (Low spots)

Arial extent

Remarks

Material Degradation

Material type

Remarks

Erosion

Arial extent

Remarks

Undercutting

Arial extent

Remarks

Obstructions

bull Location shown on sit

Size

Remarks

CD Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

Type

e map Arial extent

CD No evidence of settlement

Depth

[H No evidence of degradation

Arial extent

bull No evidence of erosion

Depth

CD No evidence of undercutting

Depth

1 1 No obstmctions

D-7

6

D

1

2

3

4

5

E

1

9

3

Excessive Vegetative Growth Type

CD No evidence of excessive growth

CD Vegetation in channels does not obstmct flow

CD Location shown on site map Ari

Remarks

al extent

Cover Penetrations XC Applicable ^ NA

Gas Vents bull Active

CD Properly securedlocked Q Functioning

CD Evidence of leakage at penetration

Remarks

Gas Monitoring Probes

CD Properly securedlocked CD Functioning

CD Evidence of leakage at penetration

Remarks

Monitoring Wells (within surface area of landfill)

CD Properly securedlocked [ID Functioning

1 1 Evidence of leakage at penetration

Remarks

Extraction Wells Leachate

CD Properly securedlocked CD Functioning

1 1 Evidence of leakage at penetration

Remarks

Settlement Monuments Q Located

Remarks

Gas Collection and Treatment CD Applicable

Gas Treatment Facilities

n Passive

CD Routinely sampled

CD Needs Maintenance

CD Routinely sampled

CD Needs Maintenance

bull Routinely sampled

CD Needs Maintenance

CD Routinely sampled

1 1 Needs Maintenance

CD Routinely sureyed

^ N A

1 1 Flaring CD Themial destmclion

CD Good condition CD Needs Maintenance

Remarks

Gas Collection Wells Manifolds and Piping

CD Good condition CD Needs Maintenance

Remarks

Gas Monitoring Facilities (eg gas monitoring o

CD Good condition

DNA

- - bull

CD Good condition

DNA

1 1 Good condition

DNA

CD Good condition

DNA

DNA

CD Collection for reuse

Fadjacent homes or buildings)

CD Good condition CD Needs Maintenance CD NA

Remarks

D-8

F

1

2

G

1

1

3

4

H

1

2

I

1

9

3

Cover Drainage Layer bull Applicable ^ NA

Outlet Pipes Inspected CD Functioning

Remarks

Outlet Rock Inspected CD Functioning

Remarks

DetentionSedimentation Ponds bull Applicable

Siltation Area extent Depth

1 1 Siltation not evident

Remarks

Erosion Area extent Depth

CD Erosion not evident

Remarks

Outlet Works bull Functioning

Remarks

Dam CD Functioning

Remarks

Retaining Walls D Applicable ^ NA

Deformations CD Location shown on site map

Horizontal displacement Vertical di

Rotational displacement

Remarks

Degradation [C Location shown on site map

Remarks

Perimeter DitchesOff-Site Discharge [C Applicable

Siltation CD Location shown on site map

Area extent

Remarks

Vegetative Growth bull Location shown on site map

CD Vegetation does not impede flow

Area extent

Remarks

Erosion bull Location shown on site map

Area extent

Remarks

DNA

DNA

^ N A

DNA

DNA

DNA

J Deformation not evident

splacement

CD Degradation not evident

13 NA

CD Siltation not evident

Depth

DNA

Type

CD Erosion not evident

Depth

D-9

4 Discharge Structure Q Functioning bull NA

Remarks

VIII VERTICAL BARRIER WALLS D Applicable ^ NA

1

2

IX

A

1

2

3

B

1

bull )

3

C

Settlement CD Location shown on site map CD Settlement not evident

Area extent Depth

Remarks

Performance Monitoring Type of monitoring

bull Perfomiance not monitored

Frequency CD Evidence of breaching

Head differential

Remarks

GROUNDWATERSURFACE WATER REMEDIES g] Applicable Q NA

Groundwater Extraction Wells Pumps and Pipelines X Applicable ^ NA

Pumps Wellhead Plumbing and Electrical

CD Good condition CD Ail required wells properly operating CD Needs Maintenance CD NA

Remarks

Extraction System Pipelines Valves Valve Boxes and Other Appurtenances

bull Good condition O Needs Maintenance

Remarks

Spare Parts and Equipment

bull Readily available bull Good condition bull Requires upgrade bull Needs to be provided

Remarks

Surface Water Collection Structures Pumps and Pipelines [72 Applicable ^ NA

Collection Structures Pumps and Electrical

CD Good condition CD Needs Maintenance

Remarks

Surface Water Collection System Pipelines Valves Valve Boxes and Other Appurtenances

CD Good condition CD Needs Maintenance

Remarks

Spare Parts and Equipment

bull Readily available O Good condition Q Requires upgrade bull Needs to be pr vided

Remarks

Treatment System bull Applicable 3 NA

D-10

T

Treatment Train (Check components that apply)

I I Metals removal [72 Oilwater separation [72 Bi remediation

I I Air stripping [Zl Carbon adsorbers

D Filters

I I Additive (eg chelation agent flocculent)

n Others

I I Good condition [7 Needs Maintenance

I I Sampling ports properly marked and fianctional

I I Samplingmaintenance log displayed and up to date

CD Equipment properly identified mdash

I I Quantity of groundwater treated annually

I I Quantity of surface water treated annually

Remarks

Electrical Enclosures and Panels (properly rated and functional)

I I NA [22 Good condition [2 Needs Maintenance

Remarks

3 Tanks Vaults Storage Vessels

I I NA [J] Good condition [] Proper secondary containment [2 Needs Maintenance

Remarks

4 Discharge Structure and Appurtenances

I I NA CD Good condition [72 Needs Maintenance

Remarks

5 Treatment Building(s)

CD NA CD Golt d condition (esp roof and doorways) CD Needs repair

I I Chemicals and equipment properly stored

Remarks

6 Monitoring Wells (pump and treatment remedy)

I I Properly securedlocked [7 Functioning CD Routinely sampled CD Good condition

I I All required wells located CD Needs Maintenance CD NA

Remarks

D Monitoring Data

1 Monitoring Data

3 Is routinely submitted on time ^ Is of acceptable quality

2 Monitoring data suggests

[H Groundwater plume is effectively contained CD Contaminant concentrations are declining

D-

E Monitored Natural Attenuation 1 Monitoring Wells (natural attenuation remedy)

I I Properly securedlocked CD Functioning CD Routinely sampled CD Good condition

CD All required wells located CD Needs Maintenance ^ NA

Remarks X OTHER REMEDIES

If there are remedies applied at the site and not covered above attach an inspection sheet describing the physical nature and condition of any facility associated with the remedy An example would be soil vapor extraction

In September 2009 Helena Chemical Company began a pilot-scale bioremediation treatability study at the Site to test the effectiveness of sulfate reduction and anaerobic xylene degradation to treat residual ground water contamination in the surficial aquifer and the intemiediate aquifer system The pilot study also investigates reductive dechlorination of BHC isomers tlirough addition of facultative anaerobic cultures enhancement of nitrate- iron- and sulfate-reducers and addition of a reduction agent such as zero-valent iron with a pH adjustment The study was scheduled to conclude by the fourth quarter of 2010 and a contingency time of an additional 12 months has been allotted in the treatability study schedule if necessary

XI OVERALL OBSERVATIONS A Implementation of the Remedy

The pesticide source contamination in soil was excavated in 2000 and shipped offsite to an approved disposal facilitv in Louisiana Further soil excavation activities were performed in 2004 and 2005 in order to address sulfiir contamination source areas A pilot study to assess treatability of ground water contamination originating from the fomier sulfur pit area and the former xylene tank area is presently underway Results ofthe study will inform the selection ofthe remedy for ground water at the Site

B Adequacy of OampM A treatability study is presently underway for ground water treatment at the Site OampM activities have yet to commence

Early Indicators of Potential Remedy Problems None

D Opportunities for Optimization None

Site Inspection Team Galo Jackson EPA Region 4 Ed Brister Helena Chemical Conipany Christy Fielden E Inc Sabrina Foster E Inc

D-12

Appendix E Photographs from Site Inspection Visit

Helena Chemical Company office building at the Site

Signs at delivery gate which is secured outside of facility operating hours

E-1

Chemical storage warehouse on site

Fonner sulfur pit area with new chemical warehouse facilities

E-2

Monitoring well in the former sulfiir pit area

Pilot study monitoring wells in the former xylene tank area

E-3

Page 10: Five-Year Review Report Second Five-Year Review Report

Second Five-Year Review Report for

Helena Chemicai Company (Tampa Plant) Superfund Site

10 Introduction

The purpose of a Five-Year Review (FYR) is to evaluate the implementation and perfoimance of a remedy in order to detemiine if the remedy will confinue to be protective of human health and the environinent The methods findings and conclusions of FYRs are documented in five-year review reports In addition FYR reports identify issues found during the review ifany and document recommendations to address them

The US Environmental Protecfion Agency (EPA) prepares FYRs pursuant to the Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA) Section 121 and the National Confingency Plan (NCP) CERCLA Secfion 121 states

If the President selects a remedial action that results in any hazardous substances pollutants or contaminants remaining at the site the President shall review such remedial action no less often than each five years after the initiation of such remedial action to assure that human health and the environinent are being protected by the remedial action being implemented In addition if upon such review it is the judgment ofthe President that acfion is appropriate at such site in accordance with section [104] or [106] the President shall take or require such action The President shall report to the Congress a list of facilifies for which such review is required the results of all such reviews and any actions taken as a result of such reviews

EPA interpreted this requirement further in the NCP Title 40 ofthe Code of Federal Regulafions (CFR) Secfion 300430(f)(4)(ii) states

If a remedial acfion is selected that results in hazardous substances pollutants or contaminants remaining at the site above levels that allow for unlimited use and unrestricted exposure the lead agency shall review such actions no less often than every five years after the initiation ofthe selected remedial action

E Inc an EPA Region 4 contractor conducted the FYR and prepared this report regarding the remedy implemented at the Helena Chemical Company (Tampa Plant) Site (the Site) in Tampa Hillsborough County Florida This FYR was conducted from April of 2010 to January of 2011 EPA is the lead agency for developing and implementing the remedy for the potentially responsible party (PRP)-financed cleanup at the Site The Florida Department of Environmental Protection (FDEP) as the support agency representing the State of Florida has reviewed all supporting documentafion and provided input to EPA during the FYR process

This is the second FYR for the Site The triggering action for this statutory review is the previous FYR in 2006 The FYR is required due to the fact that hazardous substances pollutants or contaminants remain at the Site above levels that allow for unlimited use and unrestricted exposure

20 Site Chronology

The following table lists the dates of important events for the Site

Table 1 Chronology of Site Events

Event Initial discovery of contamination Site proposed for the National Priorities List (NPL) Administrative Order on Consent between EPA and Helena Chemical Company remedial investigation and feasibility study (RIFS) start date Site listed on the NPL RIFS completed -Record of Decision (ROD) signed Unilateral Administrative Order and Consent Decree issued by EPA to Helena Chemical Company for implementation of remedial design (RD) and remedial action (RA) RD start date Soil RD completion date and RA start date Soil RA completed RD for sulfur area started RD for sulfur area completed Explanation of Significant Differences (ESD) for xylene issued Consent Decree issued by EPA to Helena Cheinical Company for cost recovery First FYR signed Memorandum of Agreement signed between EPA Region 4 and Southwest Florida Water Management District (SWFWMD) Pilot test for ground water and interini monitoring program start

Date August I 1980

February 7 1992 September 2 1992

October 14 1992 Iuly20 1995 Mav 7 1996

December 10 1996

December 26 1996 Februan 142000

March 7 2001 March 182003

May 8 2003 lanuary 27 2005

July 20 2005

January 31 2006 September 11 2008

August 2009

30 Background

31 Physical Characteristics

The Site is located at 2405 North 71^ Street within the City of Tampa in Hillsborough County Florida (Figure 1) This active commercial and industrial land use area is known as Orient Park or Bunchville An acfive CSX railway line mns along the southem border ofthe Site The active main operating facility is on a single 65-acre parcel (Parcel A-I4-29-19-4CA-000000-000220) bounded by Orient Road to the east East 14 Avenue to the north and North 71^ Street to the west Three additional parcels (Parcel A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000320 Parcel A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000330 and Parcel A-14-29-19-4CE-000003-000010) totaling 197 acres located west of North 71 Street are also included as part ofthe Site and are known as the Helena Woods The Site is situated between two other Superfund sites I) the Alaric Area Ground Water Plume Superfund Site (Alaric Site) to the north ofthe Helena Woods area and to the west ofthe main operating facility and 2) the Stauffer Chemical Company (Tampa) Superfund Site to the southeast ofthe Site on the southem side ofthe CSX railroad tracks

The Site is approximately 05 miles west of Six Mile Creek and the Tampa Bypass Canal The Site is subject to flooding during periods of intense and extended rainfall Surface water at the Site is composed entirely of stonnwater mnoff and the sediment remediation in the Sites selected remedy addresses sediment deposited by this overland flow Stonnwater mnoff from the central portion ofthe Site channels into concrete drainage swales and flows into an on-site retention pond located in the southeastem comer ofthe operating facility parcel The retenfion pond is designed to hold stonnwater mnoff during a 20-year stonn A spillway at the southeastem corner ofthe retention pond allows overflow to drain into a drainage ditch parallel to the CSX railroad tracks The retention pond is part ofthe mnoff control system at the Site and does not constitute a significant ecological habitat

On the westem and northem boundaries ofthe operating facility parcel stonnwater flows to the southwest where it collects in a low-lying section ofthe Helena Woods area and then flows to the north via a paired ditchculvert system along the east and west shoulders of North 71st Street On the east boundary surface water flow continues south along the ditch parallel to Orient Road Drainage tums eastward through a culvert under Orient Road then travels east-northeast for approximately 05 miles The drainage pathway continues through a swale on the north side ofthe CSX right-of-way

Surficial deposits at the Site consist of a thin three to six inch layer of topsoil and sediment covering fine- to medium-grained sands These deposits extend approximately 11 feet below the ground surface (bgs) and are primarily unconsolidated brown fineshygrained sands with traces of organic matter clay silt medium-grained sand and shells The surficial deposits fonn a sharp contact with the underlying Intemiediate Confining Unit which is a stiff intemiediate clay unit between the overlying surficial aquifer and the underlying poorly consolidated limestones that grade into more indurated limestones

11

The bottom portions ofthe surficial unit are saturated year-round the water table fluctuates drasfically with precipitation with seasonal high-water tables rising to within one foot bgs The clay ofthe Intermediate Confining Unit or intennediate aquifer system has low hydraulic pemieability and fonns the semi-confining unit between the ground water of the surficial aquifer and the Floridan aquifer The Upper Floridan aquifer is encountered at approximately 80 feet bgs Moderately indurated clayey sandy limestone is present in the upper section ofthe Floridan aquifer

Ground water flow at the Site is oriented in a radial pattem to the northeast east southeast south and southwest Gradients are the highest in the southeastem direction and lowest toward the northeast and southwest

12

Figure I Site Location Map

Helena Chemical Company Superfund Site Tampa HiHsborough County Florida

Disclaimer This map and any boundary lines within the map are approximate and subject to change The map is not a survey The map is for informational purposes only regarding EPAs response actions at the Site and is not intended for any other purpose

13

Figure 2 Detailed Site Map

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Stauffer Chemical Company (Tampa) Site

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17 AjipxiitrratD Boundary of inMimodixe Aqutar System Grcurd Matnr Plume ^ Priaiate WWis Found D i ^ r ^ Sts inapecVon

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Helena Chemical Company Superfund Site Tampa Hillsborough County Florida

y Disclaimer This map and any boundary lines within the map are approximate and subject to change The map is not a survey The map is for informational purposes only regarding EPAs response actions at the Site and is not intended for any other purpose

14

32 Land and Resource Use

The Site has been used for the manufacture storage and distribution of agricultural products since 1929 The original Site owner Flag Sulfur Company fomiulated a wide variety of insecticides herbicides and fungicides including wettable and dusting sulfur at the Site from 1929 until 1967 Helena Chemical Company acquired the business in 1967 and continued manufacturing operations In 1981 Helena Chemical Company

moved the pesticides herbicides and fiingicides fonnulation operafions to a facility in Georgia in 1981 and the Tampa facility has confinued fomiulating and packaging insecticidal spray oil and liquid fertilizers since that time The Site also serves as Helena Chemical Companys main distribution warehouse for sales locations in the State of Florida

The Site consists of four land parcels within a secured Site perimeter fence The largest of these parcels (65 acres) contains the active Helena Chemical Company offices warehouses and distribufion centers as well as associated paved parking areas This parcel (A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000220) is presenfly zoned for light industrial land uses The Planning Commission serving Hillsborough County the City of Plant City the City of Temple Terrace and the City of Tampa anticipates this parcels fijture land use to be heavy industrial The three smaller parcels forming the Helena Woods area are covered by low grassy vegetation and oak trees and also contain several ground water monitoring wells for the Alaric Site located immediately to the north Two ofthe Helena Woods parcels are listed as being vacant and the third is zoned for a mobile home park The Planning Commission anficipates that all three parcels will be zoned for heavy industrial use in the future North 7P Street fomierly crossed the CSX railroad tracks to the south ofthe Site but the road was closed after an accident at the crossing The street now dead ends at the entrance gate to the tmck loading area on the Helena Cheinical Company property and the closed section of street between the entrance gate and the railroad tracks is included within the Site perimeter fencing

Surrounding land uses predominanfly include various light and heavy industrial uses as well as commercial land uses Small pockets of single family residences are located several blocks to the north and to the west ofthe Site Buildings on the Site and throughout the area impacted by site-related ground water contaniination are connected to municipal water supply lines None ofthe ground water wells impacted by contamination fi^om the Site are used for potable water supply

33 History of Contamination

The facility was built in 1929 as a chemical plant for the production of sulfur and was owned and operated by Flag Sulfur Conipany No historical records regarding the specific products formulated during Flag Sulfijr Company operafions are available but previous facility managers indicated that the conipany manufactured wettable and dusting sulfijr and fomiulated pesticides herbicides fungicides and fertilizers at the Site In 1967 Helena Chemical Conipany purchased the facility fi^om Duval Corporation the owner of Flag Sulfur Company From 1967 to 1981 Helena Chemical Conipany produced

15

wettable and dusting sulfur and fomiulated pesticides herbicides fungicides and fertilizers at the Site The company purchased the raw niaterials fi^oiii suppliers and added solvent emulsifiers andor surfactant to give the finished product certain characteristics required for various applications and strengths

Historically most agricultural chemical fonnulation occurred in the East Warehouse building located in the south central portion ofthe main operating facility parcel The fonnulation process for liquid products would consist of mixing a technical chemical with various solvents a surfactant andor emulsifiers in aboveground mixing vessels in the East Warehouse building Various solvents including xylene and an intemiediate range petroleum solvent called T-500 were used as pesticide carriers or diluents These solvents were stored on site in aboveground storage tanks A 3500-galIon capacity aboveground xylene storage tank was historically located in a benned area to the east of the East Warehouse building This tank was vandalized in 1977 causing a release of xylene to the soil and ground water below

In 1974 Helena Cheinical Company began using a three-tank pollution control system to handle the wash-down waste generated from pesticide manufacturing The wash-down waste consisted primarily of pesticides in a xylene carrier It was diluted with other process water and stonnwater treated vvith caustic soda run through an aeration evaporation treatnient system and finally discharged to the on-site stomiwater retention pond Sludges associated with the treatment system were periodically removed and shipped to the Chemical Waste Management Inc facility in Emelle Alabama for appropriate disposal At an undetemiined time between 1984 and 1988 use ofthe three-tank pollution control system was discontinued

According to the 1996 ROD the on-site stomiwater retention pond may have received some overflow waste from the East Warehouse building before the pollution control tanks were installed in 1974 During construction ofthe retention pond soil in the southeastem portion ofthe Site was removed using backhoes and placed in the Helena Woods area While the Helena Woods area was never used for agricultural chemical fonnulation or packaging contaniination in this area is attributed to the dredge niaterials irom the retention pond and to treatinent with pesticides and herbicides during routine maintenance activities

Dry products were formulated in the east end ofthe West Warehouse building just south ofthe loading dock using a Raymond Mill for grinding and a set of ribbon blenders for mixing Helena Chemical Company would then package the finished product for resale Both Flag Sulfur Company and Helena Chemical Conipany manufactured sulfiir dust and wettable sulfur on site Flag Sulfur Companys operations are largely unknown Helena Chemical Companys sulfur processing operations consisted of transporting molten sulfur to the Site and unloading the sulfur in the fonner sulfijr pit area located south ofthe current central paved courtyard between the West and East Warehouse buildings The sulfur was contained in berms for a period of approximately 48 hours until it had solidified Heavy equipment was then used to break the sulfur into pieces for processing through the Raymond Mill

16

34 Initial Response

In 1976 Helena Chemical Company stopped processing sulfijr products The fomier sulfur pit area was excavated and then filled with clean sand In 1980 the fomiulation of dry fertilizers was also discontinued at the facility In 1981 Helena Chemical Company moved the pesticide herbicide and fungicide fonnulation operation to a company facility in Georgia Since 1981 Helena Chemical Company has fomiulated insecficidal petroleum oil (a 70-viscosity paraffin-based oil with an emulsifier additive) and liquid fertilizers at the Site In addition to products produced at the facility numerous agricultural products are stored in the warehouse prior to distribution to Helena Chemical

- Companys Florida sales offices mdash

In 1984 FDEP inspected the Site and required quarterly monitoring ofthe surficial aquifer From 1988 to 1990 EPA investigated the Site and found pesticide contaniination in the on-site soil sediment and surficial aquifer Based on the potential for hunian exposure via ingestion of contaminated ground water EPA proposed the Site for listing on the NPL in Febmary 1992 and finalized the listing in October 1992

The Florida Department of Health and Rehabilitative Services (FHRS the predecessor of FDEP) in cooperation with the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry prepared a public health assessment for the Site in September 1993 In that report FHRS expressed concem for on-site worker contact with contaminated soil and exposure to sediment and ground water FHRS made several recommendations that additional data should be collected Under a September 1992 Consent Order with EPA Helena Cheinical Coinpany perfonned a RIFS at the Site The primary objectives ofthe invesfigation were to detemiine the nature magnitude and extent of contamination evaluate potential risks to human health and the environinent and evaluate potential cleanup altematives Site operations have remained active throughout site investigations and remedial activities

35 Basis for Taking Action

The results ofthe RIFS documented extensive surface soil and sediment contaniination including pesticides semivolatile organic compounds and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) related to fonner operations by Helena Chemical Company and its predecessors The investigations also documented contamination of ground water in the surficial aquifer and intemiediate aquifer systems with chlorinated pesticides polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons phenols and VOCs A human health risk assessment perfonned by Black and Veatch in 1994 concluded that risks to current and future site workers current and future trespassers and potential future Site residents exceeded acceptable risk and hazard thresholds

17

40 Remedial Actions

In accordance with CERCLA and the NCP the ovemiding goals for any remedial action are protecfion of human health and the environment and compliance with applicable or relevant and appropriate requirements (ARARs) A nuinber of remedial altemafives were considered for the Site fmal selection was made based on an evaluafion ofeach altemative against nine evaluation criteria that are specified in Secfion 300430(e)(9)(iii) ofthe NCP The nine criteria include

L Overall Protectiveness of Human Health and the Environment 2 Compliance with ARARs 3 Long-Tenn Effectiveness and Pennanence 4 Reduction of Toxicity Mobility or Volume of Contaminants through Treatment 5 Short-temi Effectiveness 6 Implementability 7 Cost 8 State Acceptance 9 Community Acceptance

41 Remedy Selection

EPA issued the site-wide ROD on May 7 1996 Based on the results ofthe Sites RIFS EPA detennined that remediation of soil sediment and ground water would be required for the protection of huinan health and the environment Remedial action objecfives (RAOs) established in the ROD for the Site include

bull Restore the Site to beneficial use bull Reduce risk to human health within EPAs acceptable risk range (ie total

residual cancer risk between 1 x 10 to 1 x 10 and maximum individual contaminant Hazard Quotient of 1)

bull Reduce ecological risk bull Protect ground water from continued degradation by Site contaminants

The remedy selected in the Sites 1996 ROD consisted ofthe following remedial components for source control in soil and sediment

Implement institutional controls (ie fencing (cumenfiy considered an engineering control) and deed restrictions) Demolish tank fanii pads east ofthe liquid processing building (East Warehouse) and dispose ofthe debris offsite Excavate material from the fonner sulfur pit and dispose of excavated materials offsite Neutralize soil in place if located in areas where sulfur is present but inaccessible Excavate contaminated surface soil and sediment (zero to two feet) where concentrations exceed soil cleanup goals Biologically treat contaminated surface soil and sediment

bull Place treated soil back on site

Major components ofthe ground water remedy selected in the 1996 ROD include

bull Extract contaminated ground water bull Treat contaminated ground water to meet surface water discharge standards bull Discharge treated ground water to on-site ponds or to the Tampa Bypass Canal

under a National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System pemiit bull Place controls on Site to restrict the use of ground water beneath the Site through

the filing of deed notices in order to limit exposure to contaminated ground water until cleanup goals are met

The 1996 ROD selected cleanup goals for contaminants of concem (COCs) in both ground water and surface soil (Table 2) As Site data suggested that sediments with pesticide contamination attributable to the Site were primarily present in drainage ditches that were typically dry remediation of sediment in Site drainage features was to be managed using the surface soil cleanup goals protective of hunian health The 1996 ROD also selected a confingency remedy for Site soil and sediment If treatability studies demonstrated that the selected biological treatinent remedy could not achieve the performance standards listed in Table 2 low temperature themial desorption (LTTD) was to be used in lieu ofthe biological treatnient

Table 2 COCs and Cleanup Goals

bull bull - y y Contaminant of Concern

44-dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (44-DDT) Aldrin Alpha-benzene hexachloride (Alpha-BHC) Beta-benzene hexachloride (Beta-BHC) Gamma-benzene hexachloride (Gamma-BHC) Chlordane Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane (DDD) Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) Dieldrin Endosulfan 1 Endosulfan II Heptachlor Heptachlor epoxide Total xylenes Toxaphene

Ground Water 7 Cleanup Goal

(micrograms per liter ^gL)

03

005

005

01

02

NA NA NA NA 01

7

2 NA NA 20 NA

Surface Soil and Sediment Cleanup Goal

(milligrams per kilogram mgkg)

NA

018

047

NA

NA

23 126 89 89

019 NA NA 067 034 NA 276

NA not applicable

19

In January 2005 EPA issued an Explanation of Significant Differences (ESD) to modify part ofthe remedy described in the 1996 ROD The purpose ofthe ESD was to modify the xylene cleanup goal for ground water from 20 micrograms per liter (|JgL) per the Florida secondary maximum contaminant level (MCL) to 10000 (igL per the State and federal primary MCL Secondary MCLs are non-mandatory standards under the Superfund prograin and are not enforceable by EPA however they are a component of the State of Floridas drinking water statute State and federal primary MCLs are enforceable standards established to protect the public against consumption of drinking water that presents a risk to huinan health The ESD also called for continued monitoring ofthe effecfiveness ofthe xylene treatnient and for evaluation of further remedial actions should the presence of xylene a solvent mobilize residual soil pesticide contaminants into ground water

42 Remedy Implementation

Remedial design and remedial actions for soil sediment and ground water at the Site are being implemented by the Helena Chemical Company under a 1996 Unilateral Administrative Order An additional Consent Decree was filed in 2005 for EPA to recover past and future costs incurred and to require Helena Cheinical Conipany to pay EPA oversight costs at the Site and at a separate Site in South Carolina also owned by Helena Chemical Coinpany

Soil and Sediment Source Control

In 1999 additional grid-based sampling was conducted in the xylene source area (east of the East Warehouse building) to detemiine the boundaries for the soil removal excavation Bench-scale studies were performed by EPAs Ecosystems Research Division and EPAs Science and Ecosystems Support Division to investigate the effectiveness of incorporating zero-valent iron in soil to facilitate abiotic degradation of chlorinated pesticides These studies were implemented in 1999 but were tenninated early due to lack of measurable COC degradation Helena Chemical Company then explored the option of using the Xenorein bioremediation process which had been successfijlly implemented on the adjacent Stauffer Chemical Co (Tampa) Superfund site The extent of contamination prevented direct application ofthe Xenorem approach at the Site Helena Chemical Conipany learned however that an off-site disposal facility the Waste Management Inc hazardous waste treatment facility in Carlyss Louisiana (facility nuniber LAD0007772010P1) had been authorized to bioremediate wastes in July 1998 and could potentially accept the excavated Site materials for bioremediafion at the off-site facility EPA approved the change from on-site to off-site treatinent and disposal of contaminated soil and sediment in a letter dated Febmary 14 2000

The 1996 ROD had also stipulated LTTD as a contingency soil treatment should biological treatinent be ineffective EPA requested this contingency be explored in 1999 Helena Chemical Coinpany retained Focus Environmental Inc to perfonn the evaluation ofthe contingency treatinent The evaluation concluded that LTTD was not a practical remedy for the Site primarily due to concems related to elevated sulfijr concentrations in

20

soil which would require air pollution controls to remove acid gas generated by the treatnient as well as space limitations on the Site which would not pemiit an efficient layout and operafion ofthe treatment and material handling units

In 2000 Helena Chemical Conipany excavated 7700 tons of pesticide-contaminated soil fi-om the Site including the xylene source area and an additional 600 tons of pesticide-contaminated soil and sediment from the drainage ditch area along the CSX railway right-of-way just south ofthe Site Soil was transported to the Waste Manageinent Inc facility in Carlyss Louisiana for bioremediation andoff-site disposal Surface soils were excavated to a depth of two feet According to the 1996 ROD the water table in the area fluctuates between two and four feet bgs Therefore the excavation of surface soils to two feet bgs would address soil contaminafion above the water table but not contaniination existing below the water table The excavation areas were lined with an --indicator fabric prior to backfilling the areas with clean inaterials and seeded with grass where appropriate

Delineation activifies to detemiine the extent of sulfur contaniination in the fonner sulfur pit area were perfonned from 2001 through 2003 and remedial work was perfomied in two separate phases A metal building covering much ofthe area where sulfijr remedial work was to be perfonned was dismanfled and transported offsite for recycling During phase 1 remedial work performed in 2004 soil and concrete were excavated from the elevated loading dock area and the west side ofthe tank fann for off-site treatinent and disposal During phase II remedial work perfonned in 2005 soil and concrete were excavated from the northem tank fann and fonner warehouse boundaries Approximately 3000 tons of soil and crystallized (fomierly molten) sulfur were removed during the 2004 and 2005 removal activities and also shipped to the Waste Management Inc facility in Carlyss Louisiana for off-site disposal

The 2005 ESD changed the xylene ground water cleanup goal from 20 |JgL to 10000 ^gL Since the presence of xylene in ground water could mobilize residual pesticide contamination in soil into ground water the ESD included post-treatment monitoring of the xylene area This monitoring includes all COCs established in the 1996 ROD and a specific assessment of whether the remaining xylene concentrations are sufficiently low to ensure that cosolvency is not facilitating the transport of residual pesticides that might be lingering in the soil If cosolvency is found to be mobilizing residual pesticide contaminants fi-om soil to ground water this assessment will be used to detennine whether further active treatment of xylene to below the federal and state primary standard is necessary

Ground Water

The ground water remedy described in the 1996 ROD has not yet been implemented at the Site due to discovery of contaminafion and investigations at the adjacent Alaric Site and concems that the selected remedy would potentially cause further contaminafion of the aquifer systems Altemative ground water treatments are currently being investigated in the pilot-scale treatability study underway at the Site Supplemental data collection and

21

ground water plume delineafion studies began in 1998 Ground water sampling perfonned in existing surficial aquifer and intemiediate aquifer system monitoring wells in Febmary 1998 resulted in the installation of additional surficial aquifer wells south of the Site to further delineate the nature and extent of contaniination The results ofthis study also detemiined the need for further investigation of ground water contamination in the xylene area (location of 1977 release immediately east ofthe East Warehouse on the Site Figure 3) in the sulfijr area (locafion ofthe fonner sulfiir pit in central courtyard on the Site Figure 3) and in the intemiediate aquifer system

Field activities to address the recommendations ofthe Febmary 1998 investigation were implemented in April 2001 Eight additional monitoring wells (MW-24 through MW-31 Figure 2) were installed south and east ofthe Site on City of Tampa rights-of-way to monitor the extent of contamination in the surficial aquifer Contamination was also identified in shallow areas ofthe intermediate aquifer system Ground water sampling and supplemental field activities were perfonned from October 2002 through January 2003 These activities included intennediate aquifer invesfigations xylene source area invesfigations downgradient surficial aquifer monitoring well installation and sulfur area invesfigations Additional intermediate aquifer system monitoring wells (MW-32 and MW-33 Figure 2) were installed along Orient Road during a November 2002 comprehensive ground water sampling event The new wells were installed to provide intemiediate monitoring points for xylene pesficide and herbicide contamination

While the 2002 and 2003 field acfivities were being perfonned significant chlorinated solvent contamination from the adjacent Alaric Site was discovered in both the surficial aquifer and intennediate aquifer systems this contamination was commingling with the westem portion ofthe Sites ground water plume The implementation ofthe ground water pump-and-treat remedy selected for the Site had the potential to exacerbate contaminant plume migration from the Alaric Site For this reason EPA detennined that implementation ofthe pump-and-treat remedy for the Site should be delayed until delineation and remediation ofthe surficial aquifer at the Alaric Site is completed

Additional comprehensive ground water sampling events were perfonned in May 2005 to provide a baseline for water quality following complefion ofthe sulfur area removal acfions and in December 2006 to detennine current condifions across the monitoring well network Selected wells were also sampled in March August and November 2007 and January 2008 to gauge the overall effectiveness ofthe sulfur area removal in addressing source contaminafion ofthe surficial aquifer Given the probability that the selected pump-and-treat remedy for ground water at the Site would be incompatible with ground water treatnient activities being designed at the adjacent Alaric Site several altemafive management approaches to address ground water contamination in the sulfur area and associated plume were explored

In June 2009 Helena Chemical Conipany presented EPA with a Pilot Test and Interim Monitoring Work Plan to address ground water contamination without implementing the pump-and-treat remedy EPA approved the Work Plan in August 2009 and implementation began in August 2009 The pilot study is expected to last for one year

22

with an additional one-year contingency period The work plan addresses four critical areas of source control and monitoring the sulfur area the xylene area supplemental monitoring efforts and interim ground water monitoring activities while pilot testing is underway

Sulfijr Area Pilot Study

The pilot study objecfive in the sulfijr area is to detennine whether buffering pH and introducing zero-valent iron will allow natural degradation of benzene hexachloride (BHC) and sulfates in the source area through biological or physical mechanisms Low pH elevated sulfate and residual sulfiir in the sulfur area are thought to be inhibiting natural biological degradation processes and minimizing the physical attenuafion of contaminants within the aquifer-matrix which would typically occur through adsorpfion-and aqueous chemical reactions such as hydrolysis Given the residual sulfur in the soil which continues to act as a long-term source for sulfuric acid sulfate control was required in addition to pH controls Zero-valent iron was selected as the primary pilot study treatment technology for the sulfur area because it has been used effectively to facilitate abiofic degradation of BHCs is effecfive at moderating pH and acts as an oxygen scavenger limiting any future oxidafion of residual sulfur in the soil Additional neutralization with lime andor hydroxides and biological sulfate reduction may also be utilized to control pH levels if necessary

Two sulfur study areas known as the East Plot and the West Plot have been implemented in the central courtyard ofthe Site on either side ofthe fomier sulfur pit location (Figure 3) Each plot consists of eight injection wells Cheinical injections were administered in the third quarter of 2009 and sampling is being conducted at 60-day interals for the 360 days following the injections

Xylene Area Pilot Study

The xylene pilot test was designed to gauge the effectiveness of anaerobic biodegradatlon in degrading xylene and residual BHCs Total xylene concentrafions have declined since the 2000 soil removal action in the former xylene tank area but have remained above cleanup goals Site conditions such as low pH lack of nutrients and lack of electron accepting substrates (eg nitrate iron and sulfate) were thought to be limiting xylene and BHC degradadon The pilot test also sought to increase degradation rates without introducing treatments that would complicate efforts in the adjacent sulfijr pilot study bull area so the xylene treatinent was designed in consideration ofthe existing anaerobic Site conditions

One xylene pilot study area was implemented in the fonner xylene tank area (Figure 3) The plot includes six injection wells and 12 monitoring wells The first round of nutrient and electron acceptor substrate injections was perfonned in the third quarter of 2009 and the second round of injections was perfomied in the fourth quarter of 2009 As with the sulfijr pilot study area sampling is being conducted at 60-day intervals for the 360 days following the first round of injections

23

Monitoring Acfivities

Supplemental monitoring efforts in the work plan include installation of monitoring wells on the Fesfive Floats property located directly south ofthe Site on the opposite side of the CSX railway tracks and addifional investigation to detemiine the northem extent of low pH and elevated sulfate and BHC concentrations Until a revised ground water remedy is selected for the Site interini ground water monitoring activities in both the surficial and intermediate aquifer systems will include sampling every nine months to assess seasonal variability in concentrations and monitor for any changes in COC concentrations

24

Figure 3 Map of Pilot Study Area

r

SWTBD

swTZD s w n u

StfT-HD A I ^ raquoswr3u SWTU

swrsu

West Warehouse

SETTO SET1U

SET3U SETD A y A J

I SETSD

sensD raquo SETsu

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X40

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^^xth 7 -^ ^IZD-- ^

_ X S U X8D B^=^X12tJ bull bull X l fU

X8U xi f lD

Legend

bull Surflclat Adulter Sulfur Arlaquoa P M Test Wall

Surlicii i AquHler Xylene Area Ptky Test Ir^ctnsn MHI

bull Suifidal Aquilei Xylene Area Pikx Tesl Monilming Well

I Sile Bounoaiv J Fee 90 too

L 7WL o NORTH

Figure 3 Site Map

Pilot Study Areas

Helena Chemical Company Superfund Site Tampa Hillsborough County Flonda

Disclaimer This map and any boundary lines within the map are approximate and subject to change The map is not a survey The map is for informational purposes only regarding EPAs response actions at the Site and is not intended for any other purpose

25

43 Operation and Maintenance (OampM)

The 1996 ROD anticipated that the ground water pump-and-treat system would be operated at the Site for a 30-year period and estimated that OampM ofthe system would cost $1289000 over the course ofthe 30 years The ground water remedy selected in the 1996 ROD has not yet been implemented due to developments at the adjacent Alaric Site and ongoing pilot testing at the Site As remedial activities continue with pilot testing there are no OampM acfivities undei-way at the Site and the activities to be addressed in a site OampM plan will depend on the future revised remedy for ground water for the Site

26

50 Progress Since the Last Five-Year Review

The protectiveness statement from the 2006 FYR for the Site stated the following

77^ remedy implemenled at the [Helena Chemical Company Tampa Site currently protects human health and the environment because source area actions implemented for pesticide-contaminated soil and the sulfur pit source area have been completed during this review period Additional evaluations of low pH conditions will be performed to assess the need for supplemental neutralization in conjunction with future groundwater actions No remedial actions for groundwater have been implemented at this time Site data evaluations and remedy evaluations will ensure the remedy will be protective In the interim exposure pathways that could result in unacceptable risks are incomplete Conditions-at the site are not expected to change in the near future given the area s land use (commercialindustrial) However in order for the remedy to be protective in the long term the following actions need to be taken a full evaluation ofthe need for deed reslriclions and if necessary they will be imposed

The 2006 FYR included three issues and recommendafions Table 3 summarizes each recommendation and its current status

Table 3 Progress on Recommendations from the 2006 FYR

Section

51

Recommendations

EPA FDEP and Helena Chemical Company will discuss ground water remedy issues including the need for fijrther assessment of natural attenuation processes Dialogue will generate a priority list for evaluation identify evaluation teclmiques and establish an evaluation timetable Ground water remedy discussions will be initiated by the second quarter of 2006

Parties Responsible

EPA FDEP Helena

Chemical Company

Milestone Date

4302006

Action Taken and Ontcome

Discussions between EPA FDEP and Helena Chemical Company have resulted in the development of a pilot testing work plan to explore treatment options for enliancing biological and physical degradation processes This pilot study was initiated in August 2009

Date of Action

08312009

27

Section

52

53

Recommendations

EPA FDEP and Helena Chemical Company will evaluate ylene source area issues Discussions will include prioritization of any additional RD activities evaluation of remedial cleanup goals etc Xylene remedy discussions will be initiated by the first quarter of 2006

Helena Chemical Company will evaluate the requirements for implementing deed restrictions on the property and whether any remedy-specific requirements must be incorporated into the institutional control A fiill evaluation ofthe need for deed restrictions will be made and if necessary they will be imposed This evaluation will be completed by the fourth quarter of 2006

Parties Responsible

EPA FDEP Helena

Chemical Company

Helena Chemical Company

Milestone Date

4302006

12312006

Action Taken and Outcome-

Pilot test program discussions between EPA FDEP and Helena Chemical Company have resulted in the development of a work plan to explore effectiveness of anaerobic degradation of xylene and BHCs This pilot study was initiated in August 2009

EPA and FDEP are is discussions regarding the restrictive covenant for the Sites soil in order to prevent exposure Land use zoning is consistent vvith soil cleanup criteria and land use is not anticipated to change in the foreseeable future Ground water institutional controls are enforced through an EPA Memorandum of Agreement with the Southwest Florida Water Management District

Date of Action

08312009

Pending

51 Ground Water Remedy Discussions

The ground water pump-and-treat remedy selected in the 1996 ROD has not been implemented due to potential complications arising from commingling ofthe Sites ground water contaminants with those from the adjacent Alaric Site A Pilot Study and Interini Monitoring Work Plan was approved by EPA and implementation began in August 2009 The Work Plan describes the investigafion of chemical injecfions to enhance and facilitate natural physical and biological degradation rates for contaminants in the sulfiir area and in the xylene area The study is designed to assess the following questions

bull Is degradation occurring under pilot conditions

bull Can aquifer geochemistry be adjusted to facilitate remediafion

bull What is the longevity of amendments being injected

28

bull What zone of discharge is developed following injection and what is the expected duration ofthe zone of discharge

The study was scheduled to continue for 12 months with a contingency period of another 12 months if necessary At the conclusion ofthe study these questions will be addressed to detennine next steps in selecting an appropriate ground water remedy for the Site A final report documenting the effecfiveness ofthe first full year ofthe treatability study was not available at the fime this FYR report was drafted therefore a decision regarding whether to implement the additional 12 month contingency period had also not been made

52 Xylene Source Area Discussions

As noted in Section 51 EPA approved the Pilot Study and Interini Monitoring Work Plan in 2009 Per the Work Plan two rounds of nutrient and electron acceptor substrate were injected in the xylene area in late 2009 The injections are expected to enhance natural degradafion rates of xylene and BHCs sampling is being conducted every 60 days The study was scheduled to continue for 12 months with a contingency period of another 12 months if necessary A final report documenting the effectiveness ofthe first full year ofthe treatability study was not available at the time this FYR report was drafted therefore a decision regarding whether to implement the additional 12 month contingency period had also not been made

53 Institutional Controls Evaluation

At the request of FDEP the appropriate land use restrictions for the Site has not been yet been implemented While the ground water remedy is being assessed some interim institutional controls to protect against exposure to ground water contamination have been implemented The Site is presently surrounded by a secured perimeter fence that only pennits access to the property by authorized persons during regular business hours Helena Chemical Company intends to continue Site operations for the foreseeable future and does not intend to sell or lease the property so there is minimal potential for a party to unknowingly become exposed to Site soil or sediment contaniination or to impact the protectiveness ofthe remedial actions already in place The operating facility parcel is zoned light industrial the three Helena Woods parcels are zoned as either vacant land or as a mobile home park The local Planning Commission anticipates all four parcels will be zoned for heavy industrial use in the future which remains consistent with the industrial criteria used in selection of cleanup goals for the Site

EPA has also taken steps to limit the potential for exposure to contaminated Site ground water while ground water treatment pilot testing activities are completed In September 2008 EPA Region 4 and the Southwest Florida Water Management District (SWFWMD) entered into a Memorandum of Agreement regarding Site ground water Per the agreement EPA provides SWFWMD with infonnation regarding the area of ground water impacted or potentially impacted by the Site and SWFWMD acts as the regulatory authority to implement and enforce ground water use restrictions at and near

29

the Site The ground water area impacted by the Site is designated as Zone A marking the contamination zone and Zone B marking a buffer area surrounding Zone A The agreement stipulates that EPA must conduct a well survey of Zones A and B at least once every five years to identify any new wells constructed or operafing since the previous survey EPA remedial project manager (RPM) Galo Jackson conducted the first well survey concurrenfiy with the FYR Site inspection and identified two wells (Figure 2) One well was located along East 9 Avenue on the EQ Florida property in Zone A The second well was located along East 7 Avenue on the RampL Metals property in Zone B SWFWMD was notified of these wells in September 2010 The well in Zone A is currenUypemiitted for industrial use by EQ Florida and the well in Zone B has been plugged and abandoned on the RampL Metals property

SWFWMD has the authority to impose reasonable condifions necessary to protect the applicable water source and to prevent the spread of ground or surface water contaminafion For well construcfion pennits such conditions include prohibiting use of the well as a potable water supply requiring notice to well owners of potential ground water contamination or requiring specific methods ofconstruction Under Florida Administrafive Code (FAC) Rule 40D-3505(3) SWFWMD will deny an application for a well construction pemiit for activity in Zone A if use ofthe well would increase the potential for hanii to public health safety and welfareor if the proposed well would degrade the water quality ofthe aquifer by causing pollutants to spread

30

60 Five-Year Review Process

61 Administrative Components

EPA Region 4 initiated the FYR in May 2010 and scheduled its completion for January 2011 The EPA site review team was led by EPA RPM Galo Jackson and also included EPA site attomey Kevin Beswick EPA Community Involvement Coordinator (CIC) LTonya Spencer and contractor support provided to EPA by Christy Fielden and Sabrina Foster of E Inc In May 2010 EPA held a scoping call with the review team to discuss the Site and itenis of interest as they related to the protectiveness ofthe remedy cunently in place A review schedule was established that consisted ofthe following activities

Community notification Document review Data collection and review Site inspection Local interviews FYR Report development and review

62 Community Involvement

In January 2011 a public notice was published in the Tampa Tribune announcing the commencement ofthe FYR process for the Site providing contact information for RPM Galo Jackson and CIC LTonya Spencer and invifing community participation was published The press notice is available in Appendix B The FYR report will be made available to the public once it has been finalized Copies ofthis docunient will be placed in the designated site repository University of South Florida Library located at 4202 East Fowler Avenue Tampa Florida 33620 Upon completion ofthe FYR a public notice will be placed in the Tampa Tribune to announce the availability ofthe final FYR report in the Sites document repository

63 Document Review

This FYR included a review of relevant site-related documents including the ROD remedial action reports and recent monitoring data A complete list ofthe documents reviewed can be found in Appendix A

ARARs Review

Section 121(d)(2)(A) of CERCLA specifies that Superfund remedial actions must meet any federal standards requirements criteria or limitations that are detennined to be applicable or relevant and appropriate requirements (ARARs) ARARs are those standards criteria or limitations promulgated under federal or state law that specifically address a hazardous substance pollutant contaminant remedial action locafion or other circumstance at a CERCLA site To-Be-Considered criteria (TBCs) are non-promulgated

31

advisories and guidance that are not legally binding but should be considered in detennining the necessary level of cleanup for protection of human health or the environment While TBCs do not have the status of ARARs EPAs approach to detemiining ifan RA is protective of hunian health and the environment involves consideration of TBCs along with ARARs

Chemical-specific ARARs are specific numerical concentration restrictions on individually listed contaminants in specific media Examples of chemical-specific ARARs include the MCLs specified under the Safe Drinking Water Act as well as the ambient water quality criteria enumerated under the Clean Water Act Because there are usually numerous contaminants of potential concem for any Site various numerical quanfity requirements can be ARARs The final remedy selected for this Site was designed to meet or exceed all chemical-specific ARARs and meet location- and action-specific ARARs

Ground Water

According to the 1996 ROD cleanup goals for the nine ground water COCs were selected to ensure that remaining ground water concentrations would not exceed the 1 x 10~ risk level for carcinogens a Hazard Quotient (HQ) of 1 for non-carcinogens under an industrial land use scenario The cleanup goals for 44-DDT endosulfan 1 and endosulfan II were selected based on health-based criteria The site-specific health-based cleanup goal for 44-DDT was less stringent than Floridas ground water guidance and the ROD notes that the cleanup goal may need to be revisited in the future to obtain FDEPs agreement with deletion ofthe Site from the NPL upon completion of cleanup activities

Cleanup goals for aldrin alpha-BHC beta-BHC and dieldrin were based on the Florida Groundwater Guidance Concentration which is a TBC for the Site The cleanup goal for total xylene listed in the 1996 ROD was selected based on the State secondary MCL but was later modified in the 2005 ESD to be consistent with federal and State primary MCLs The cleanup goal for gamma-BHC was selected based on federal and State MCLs

The ARARs for aldrin alpha-BHC beta-BHC and dieldrin were compared to the current Florida Groundwater and Surface Water Contaminant Cleanup Target Levels (62 FAC 777) which is the cuirent State guidance on acceptable ground water contaminant concentrations (Table 4) The ARARs for all four of these COCs have become more stringent since the signing ofthe 1996 ROD The cleanup goals for gamma-BHC and total xylene were compared with National Primary Drinking Water regulations (40 CFR 141-143) and FDEP Drinking Water Standards Monitoring and Reporting Requirements (62 FAC 550310) The cleanup goals for gamma-BHC and total xylene remain the same as in the 1996 ROD and 2005 ESD respectively This review did not find that the assumptions used in calculation ofthe site-specific health-based cleanup goals for 44-DDT endosulfan I and endosulfan II had changed

32

Table 4 Previous and 2010 ARARs for Ground Water COCs

Contaminant of Concern bull bull bull bull ^ - gt J j J bull

44-DDT Aldrin Alpha-BHC Beta-BHC Gamma-BHC Dieldrin Endosulfan I Endosulfan II Total xvlenes

1996 ROD ARAROigL)

03 005 005 01 02 01 2 2

20

2005 ESD ARAR (ugL) r

mdash -mdash mdash mdash mdash mdash mdash

10000

2010 ARAR (UgL)

03 0002 0006 002 02-

0002= 2 7

10000

ARAR Change y - y bull

None More Stringent More Stringent More Stringent

None More Stringent

None None None

a Site-specific health-based standaid selecled to ensure tlial remaining ground waler concenirations would nol exceed lhe 1 x 10 risk level for carcinogens an HQ of 1 Ior non-carcinogens or the inslRimenl quantitation limit under an industrial land use scenaiio

b Cleanup goal selecled based on Florida Groundwater Guidance Concenlralion which is a TBC for ihc Sile c Cleanup goal selecled based on federal and Florida MCLs d Cleanup goal selected based on Florida secondary MCLs e Florida Groundwater and Surface Waler Cleanup Target Levels are available al

lmpAvwwdepslatenuswasicqiiick ionicsrulcsdocunieiils62-777TablelGroundwalciCTLs4-l 7-05ndllaccessed 8122010) A comparison of Floridas 1999 and 2005 Groundwater and Surface Waler Cleanup Target Levels is available al hllpu-vvvvdenslatenuswaslequick lopicsnublicalionswcbrownlicldsConipTabiesGroundwalerandSurli ccVValerCieaniipTartJelL evelspdf

f Cunent MCLs are based on federal (40 CFR 141-1431 and slate (62 FAC 550310) drinking waler slandards Federal standards are based on Nalional Primary and Secondaiy Drinking Waler Maximum Contaminant Levels (IU(p7valcrcpacovdrinkconlaininanlsindexcrniSLisi accessed S122010) and slale standards are based on Florida Slale Drinking Waler Synthetic Organic Conlajuinanls and their Slandards (hU|iwwwdcpslalciluswalerdrinkinswalersvn conlum accessed S122010)

g Gamma-BHC is lisied as lindane in federal and state MCLs

64 Data Review

Confinnatory sampling for the 2000 pesticide area removal action and for the 2004 and 2005 sulfijr area removal actions was perfonned immediately following the removals Surface soil and sediment with COC concentrations above industrial use cleanup goals had been effectively removed and no further sampling or OampM activities are required for surface soil and sediment

Ground water pilot test activities cunently underway include baseline sampling and four subsequent sampling events for the sulfur area (Table 5) and the xylene area (Table 6) The treatability study sampling events have been implemented as follows

Baseline sampling in August 2009 60-Day Event sampling in November 2009 120-Day Event sampling in January 2010 180-Day Event sampling in March 2010 and 240-Day Event sampling in May 2010

The pilot test is invesfigating methods for the biological and physical degradation of Site contaminants Follow-up sampling analyzes various aqueous geochemical parameters in addition to contaminant concentrations Per the EPA-approved work plan routine sampling analyses include four of the nine ground water COCs alpha-BHC beta-BHC

33

gamma-BHC and total xylenes in addition to various other contaminants and break-down products

In both the sulfur area and the xylene area ground water concentrations of alpha-BHC beta-BHC and gamma-BHC have predominantly remained consistent with baseline sampling levels and largely remain elevated above cleanup goals for the Site In the sulfur area total xylene concentrations in ground water when detected are well below the cleanup goal of 10000 igL The xylene release at the Site occurred downgradient from the fomier sulfur pit and these low concentrations of xylene are consistent with expectations for this area In the xylene area total xylene concentrations are responding to the treatment showing declines below the cleanup goal in several wells (eg X3U X5U X9U and XI IU) but showing increasing concentrations in other wells (eg X6D X7U and X8D) Only data fromthe first nine months ofthe treatability study were mdash available at the time this FYR report was being drafted detennination ofthe effectiveness of these treatments must wait until the study has been completed

Ofthe site-related VOCs present in the ground water plume only xylene and possibly ethylbenzene are present in the surficial aquifer and poses a potential vapor intrusion concem Remedial contractor EnSafe Inc included an updated total xylene plume map as Figure 5-5 in the 2009 Pilot Test and Interim Monitoring Work Plan This figure shows that concentrations at or above the xylene ground vater cleanup goal are located on the Helena Chemical Conipany property along the CSX Railroad right-of-way or under the railroad tracks The few buildings within this plume area are open-sided warehouse structures on the Helena Chemical Company property and thus a vapor intmsion assessment has not been necessary

Table 5 Sulfur Area Pilot Test COC Detections in Ground Water to Date

Well Sampled

Sampling Event

(Cleanup Goal)

COCs and Detected Concentrations (pgL)

Alpha-BHC

(005 pgL)

Beta-BHC -yy (01 pgL)

Gamma-BHC

(02 pgL)

Total Xylenes

(10000 pgL)

Ecw Plot Wells

SETIU

SET2D

SET3U

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

23 D

31

17

19

24

44 D

39

26

26

38

22

19

33 J

36 1

4

25

29

12 D

045

056

059

086

3

41

43 J

68

42

57

52

11 D

066

044

047

07

55

39 1

191

NA

0461

NA

31

U

NA

033 I

NA

082

58

NA

34

J y -Well

Sampled

SET4D

SET5U

SET6D

SET7U

SET8D

Sampling Event

(Cleanup Goal)

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

1 so-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

y y j COCs and Detected Concentrations (pgL)

Alpha-BHC

(005 pgL)

17

17

28

41 D

62

37

3

37

21 D

bull 17

13

26

34

97 D

46

44

28

63

12

14

11

11

14

47

36

32

39

47

Beta-BHC

(OI pgL)

33

21

3

061 J

15

094

0461

- 068

36

41

47

4

61

12

12

095

078 1

075

13

16 1

13

15

15

087

073

064

08 1

076

Gamma-BHC

(02 pgL)

44

341

57

074 J

087

12

046 1

- - 052

39

37 1

31

51

48

11

082 1

05

04 1

043

32

27

28

23

28

1

14

11

1 I

095

Total Xylenes

(10000 pgL)

86

NA

7

171

NA

11 1

NA

036

64

NA

3

NA

39

25

NA

76

NA

56

21

NA

35

NA

15

U

NA

33

NA

17

laquocv Plot Wells

SWTIU

SWT2D

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

1 so-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

19 IJ

099

14

13

22

048 J

U

U

0031

063 J

053

052

06

075

023 J

U

U

014

U

032

038

03

059

U

U

U

000941

U

NA

U

NA

U

0441

NA

07 1

NA

35

Well Sampled

SWT3U

SWT4D

SWT5U

SWT6D

SWT7U

SWT8D

-bull i

Sampling Event

(Cleanup Goal)

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

COCs and Detected Concentrations (pgL)

Alpha-BHC

(005 pgL)

U

075 J

18

13

14

22

073

018 --

U

U

U

51

U

16

41

18

037 J

073

056

057

061

039

029

045

059

073

028

02

015

016

011

Beta-BHC

(01 pgL)

U

021

079

035

033

047

036

- 0094

U

U

U

26

23

093

022 1

036

029 1

033

022

U

026

03

039

047

057

051

U

013

011

U

0056

Gamtiia-BHC

(02 pgL)

U

u 029

0084

019

022

U

012

011

012

U

24

24

08

052

U

U

0031 I

U

U

U

U

U

u u u u

00171

002 I J

U

U

Total Xylenes

(10000 pgL)

U n

NA

U

NA

069

U

NA

U

NA

U

72

NA

73

NA

60

36

NA

U

NA

U

U

NA

U

NA

U

92

NA

U

NA

U

D value reported from second diluiion 1 eslimaled valuebelow reporting limil J eslimaled value NA nol analyzed U undetected fitilic- COC was detected bul concentration was below cleanup goal

36

Table 6 Xylene Area Pilot Test COC Detections in Ground Water to Date

yy-

J j Well Sampled

XIU

X2D

X3U

X4D

X5U

X6D

X7U

Sampling Event

(Cleanup Goal)

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

_Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

COCs and Detected Concentrations (pgL)

Alpha-BHC

(005 pgL)

8 D

NA

NA

56

NA

71

NA

NA

58 J

NA

15D

NA

NA

15

NA

12D

NA

NA

23

NA

78 D

NA

NA

44 J

NA

52 D

NA

NA

28 J

NA

61 D

NA

NA

46

NA

Beta-BHC

(01 pgL)

19 D

NA

NA

13 J

NA

17

NA

NA

17J

NA

3 J

NA

NA

36

NA

13J

NA

NA

13 1

NA

093 ID

NA

NA

08 J

NA

091 ID

NA

NA

07 J

NA

12D

NA

NA

089

NA

Gamma-BHC

(02 pgL)

U

NA

NA

U

NA

071 I

NA

NA

14 J

NA

046 J

NA

NA

bull056

NA

42 J

NA

NA

82

NA

U

NA

NA

O I J

NA

38 D

NA

NA

2 J

NA

U

NA

NA

U

NA

Total Xylene

(10000 pgL)

200

13

11

23

29

180

56

54

150

42

23000

11000

13000

1400

4500

19000

12000

19000

22000

15000

18000

21000

20000

3200

13000

3000

1100

6000

40000

3000

24000

31000

37000

81000

34000

37

Well Sampled

X8D

X9U

bull XIOD

X l l U

X12D

Sampling Event

(Cleanup Goal)

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

COCs and Detected Concentrations (pgL)

Alpha-BHC

(005 pgL)

57

NA

NA

21 J

NA

39

NA

NA

53

NA

43

NA

NA

59

NA

81

NA

NA

49

NA

39

NA

NA

56

NA

Beta-BHC

(01 pgL)

14

NA

NA

018 U

NA

021 I

NA

NA

026 J

NA

049

NA

NA

061 I

NA

097

NA

NA

075 1

NA

064 1

NA

NA

093 ID

NA

Gamma-BHC

(02 pgL)

12

NA

NA

057 U

NA

025 1

NA

NA

017 J

NA

45

NA

NA

7

NA

U

NA

NA

U

NA

16

NA

NA

34

NA

Total Xylene

(10000 pgL)

960

7100

27000

19000

5700

22000

14000

35000

2700

950

770

260

780

760

540

14000

3800

1600

600

11000

4900

250

I I00

5800

9300 D value reponed from second dilution 1 eslimaled value below reponing limit J estimated value NA nol analyzed U not applicable Ilalics COC was delecled bul concenlralion was below cleanup goal

38

65 Site Inspection

On July 8 2010 the site inspection was perfomied by the following participants Galo Jackson of EPA Region 4 Edward Brister ofthe Helena Chemical Coinpany and Christy Fielden and Sabrina Foster of E~ Inc The completed Site inspection checklist is available in Appendix D Photographs were taken of site features including monitoring wells and access controls (Appendix E)

The Site has been in continuous operation since 1929 as an agricultural chemical manufacturing and distributing facility The bulk of chemical fonnulation activifies have been moved off-site to a different Helena Cheinical Coinpany facility in Georgia however some formulation and packaging of insecticidal spray oil and liquid fertilizers still occur at the Site The Site also serves as Helena Chemical Companys main-distribution warehouse for sales locations in the State of Florida

The Site inspection was led by Mr Ed Brister the Engineering Safety Health and Environment Director for the Helena Chemical Company who provided a tour ofthe full Helena Chemical Coinpany property indicating where remedial actions had been implemented and explaining the locations and associated activifies of current pilot testing for the ground water treatability study Several monitoring and injection wells were located during the Site inspection all active site wells were properly secured or had been appropriately abandoned Injection and monitoring wells for the adjacent Alaric Site were noted on the Helena Woods area ofthe Site but were not inspected since they are related to a different site The Site is well maintained and has a secure perimeter fence and clear signage in place Unauthorized persons are restricted from accessing the property outside of regular business hours

Evaluation and implementafion of institutional controls were discussed during the Site inspection Several interim institutional controls have been implemented for the Site and final institutional controls including land use restrictions will be evaluated and implemented if necessary once the current pilot-scale ground water remedy treatability study has concluded and a revised ground water remedy has been selected Zoning designations and the Helena Chemical Companys intention to continue operations at the Site for the foreseeable future liniit the potential for inappropriate land uses or on-site operations incompatible with remedy components in place EPA has also implemented ground water institutional controls through a Memorandum of Agreement with SWFWMD

On July 7 2010 E Inc staff conducted research regarding Site deed infonnation at the Hillsborough County Deed Records Office The approximately eight-acre Site is situated on four parcels of land 1) 65-acre Parcel A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000220 2) 088-acre Parcel A-14-29-I9-4CA-000000-000320 3) 092-acre Parcel A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000330 and 4) 017-acre Parcel A-14-29-19-4CE-000003-000010 (Figure 4) Deed records for the four parcels could not be located in the online database or microfilm collection at the deeds office Galo Jackson EPA RPM for the Site was infonned that the deeds could not be located and conducted a title search for the property through EPA

39

databases but was also unable to locate deed records According to the Hillsborough County Property Appraisers Office all four parcels are presently owned by Helena Chemical Company The active cheinical distribufion warehouse is located on Parcel A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000220

On July 8 2010 E Inc staff visited the designated local Site repository at the University of South Florida Library located at 4202 East Fowler Avenue Tampa Florida 33620 as part ofthe site inspection The site repository contained fourteen volumes of administrative documents and other infonnation pertaining to the Site This infomiation included documentation ofthe initial remedial investigation and feasibility study as well as a copy ofthe 1996 ROD The 2005 ESD and 2006 FYR could not be located at the time ofthe Site inspection but were provided to the library by RPM Galo Jackson on January 212011

The 1996 ROD called for institutional controls to be put in place as part of both the soil and sediment remedy and the ground water remedy (Table 7) According to the ROD soil and sediment institutional controls were to include deed restrictions Fencing was to provide an engineering control The Site is presently surrounded by a secured perimeter fence and access gates are locked outside of nonnal business hours The operating facility parcel is currently zoned as light industrial and the Helena Woods parcels are zoned as vacant land and a mobile home park The local Planning Commission anficipates rezoning all four parcels for heavy industrial use The fiature anficipated land use is consistent with the industrial exposure criteria used in the selection of Site cleanup goals The ROD also called for deed restrictions to restrict the use of site-impacted ground water on and off the Site in order to limit exposure to contaminated ground water until cleanup goals are achieved EPA and FDEP are in discussions regarding the restrictive covenant in order to prevent fijture exposure to Site soil A 2008 Memorandum of Agreement between EPA Region 4 and SWFWMD addresses the need to restrict the use of site-related ground water The agreement establishes regular communication between the two agencies and affinns SWFWMDs regulatory authority to implement and enforce ground water use restrictions at the Site This authority addresses well constmction pemiits restrictions on use of wells for potable water supply and requirements that well owners be notified of ground water contaniination that may impact their wells At the request ofthe FDEP once the treatability study is completed and a revised ground water remedy for the Site has been selected the need for additional ground water institutional controls will be reevaluated and the existing institutional controls will be modified or new institufional controls will be implemented as appropriate

40

Figure 4 Site Parcel Map

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A 14-29 19-raquoCf oocoos acooi-o

A 14 29 19 ACI OOmOl-OCOOll

A-W-29-19-4CI-aXK)07-OOOOTjO

Arl4-Jraquo llti-4n-O30O3V00COI c

A l4 2raquo l9 4Ulaquoraquo006-OOOa24l

A 14 29 19 4 a 000004 OOOOSjO

A 14 29-19-4CC-D0O00aOO0a3lCI

A t raquo 29-19-laquotA4laquoIO0OT-00CO9O

bull i4-2raquo^iltM( A-oniucu IXUltl 0

A 14 2raquo 19gt4CA4gt0O(ICa OOOISXI

A 14 raquo 1raquo4CA DOOOOO 00014 1

Legend

I Site Parcels

I ^ _ J site Boundary

AjiprowmatBBoundary o tSurfc ia l Aquiter Ground Whter Pfume |

Approximate Boundary of in tennedia te Aquieet Sys t em Ground w a t e r R u m e

A i Parcels

Helena Chemical Company Superfund Site Tampa Hillsborough County Florida

Disc la imer Th i s m a p and any b o u n d a r y l ines w i th in the m a p a re a p p r o x i m a t e a n d subject to c h a n g e T h e m a p is not a survey T h e m a p is for

informat ional pu rposes only r ega rd ing E P A s r e s p o n s e ac t ions at t h e Si te and is not in tended for any o the r purpose

41

Table 7 Institutional Control (IC) Summary Table

Media

Ground Water

Soil and Sediment

ICs Needed

Yes

Yes

ICs Called for in the Decision Documents

Yes

Yes

IC Objective

Restrict use of contaminated ground water to limit exposure until cleanup goals are achieved

Restrict land uses to industrial or similar

The 1996 ROD also listed fencing as an institutional control for soil and sed not been included above because it is considered an engineering control

Instrument in Place

The 1996 ROD called for deed notices as the institutional control instrument These have not been implemented However a 2008 Memorandum of Agreement between EPA and SWFWMD confirms SWFWMDs regulatory authority to restrict well constmction restrict well use as a potable water source and requiring that well owners benotified of ground water contamination that may impact their wells This authority applies to on-site parcels as well as off-site parcels covering the entire area affected by site-related ground water contamination

The land use restrictions called for in the 1996 ROD have not been implemented however Helena Chemical Company has maintained operations at the Site tliroughout remedial activities and intends to continue Site operations for the foreseeable future A restrictive covenant will be placed on the Site to ensure the Site is only used for industrial purposes The operating facility parcel is presently zoned for light industrial use and all four parcels will soon be rezoned for heavy industrial use which is consistent with the industrial exposure criteria used in selecting cleanup goals for the Site A secure perimeter fence restricts access to the Site limiting the potential for inadvertent soil exposure

ment source control however this has

42

66 Interviews

During the FYR process interviews were conducted with parties impacted by the Site including the current landowners and regulatory agencies involved in Site activities or aware ofthe Site The purpose ofthe interviews was to document the perceived status of the Site and any perceived problems or successes with the phases ofthe remedy that have been implemented to date Intei^views with Mr Jackson and Mr Brister were conducted during the site inspection on July 8 2010 Interviews with Ms Milicic and Ms Yeargan were conducted via e-mail on August 23 2010 and September 27 2010 respectively Several nearby businesses were also contacted but declined or did not have interest in being interviewed about the Site Interviews are summarized below and complete interviews are included in Appendix C

Galo Jackson Mr Jackson is the EPA RPM for the Site Mr Jackson indicates that a pilot-scale treatability study for site ground water is presently underway Results are being routinely shared with EPA and FDEP while there have been many challenges and it is still too early to detennine whether the treatments being explored can effecfively address ground water contamination he is hopeful that the treatments will be successful He has not received any complaints or inquiries from the community in the past five years and is not aware of any effects the Site may have had on the surrounding community He is pleased with the regular updates and infonnation he receives from the remedial contractor EnSafe Inc

Edward Brister Mr Brister is the Engineering Safety Health and Environinent Director for the Helena Chemical Conipany Mr Brister indicates that he is pleased with progress at the Site and believes that the remedial activities taken to date are perfomiing successfully He feels well infonned about activities and progress at the Site He does not know of any effects that the Site has had on the surrounding cominunity beyond the potential for Superfiind stigma which is common at many similar sites Mr Brister indicates that there is one residence in the area ofthe Site and that the owners a couple had expressed concems to him in the past He notes that the couple was temporarily relocated during removal activities in 2000 and again during sulfijr area removal actions in 2004 and 2005 Other than his discussions with the couple who were temporarily relocated he has not heard any complaints or concems from the cominunity regarding the Site

Karen Milicic Ms Milicic is the FDEP project manager for the Site Ms Milicic thinks that activities at the Site are making progress in addressing site COCs She is aware ofthe treatability study work that is presently underway and feels very well infonned regarding progress at the Site She believes that it is sfill too early to comment on the effectiveness ofthe current treatments being explored for ground water at the Site as the treatability study has not yet concluded She is not aware of any complaints or inquiries regarding the Site over the last five years

Mary Yeargan Ms Yeargan is the Environmental Protection Commission of Hillsborough County project manager for the Site Ms Yeargan has been involved at the

43

Site for many years and participated in the previous 2006 FYR site inspection She indicates that the Site is situated in an area that is impacted by multiple Superfijnd sites as well as other facilities that contribute to blight in the area She acknowledges that the Site may contribute to some more general community concems about the presence of Superfijnd sites in the area but she does not think that the Site specifically has been the source of concem within the larger area Since the 2006 FYR Ms Yeargan has received one complaint about potential ground water contaniination that a community member thought may have resulted from one ofthe area Superfund sites The well was tested by the Department of Public Health contamination was not detected in the sampling and the well was found to be safe for continued use She is not aware of any changes in laws or land use in the area that would impact the Site Given the shortage of lands available for heavy industrial uses she thinks it would be unlikely for the zoning ofthe parcels that compose the Site-to be changed to anything other than heavy industrial-She feels welf infomied about site activities and remains in regular communication as needed with EPA RPM Galo Jackson

44

70 Technical Assessment

71 Question A Is the remedy functioning as intended by the decision documents

The review of documents ARARs risk assumptions and the Site inspection indicate that the Sites soil remedy is functioning as intended by Site decision documents for soil and sediment Pesticide-contaminated surface soil and sediment at the Site and the adjacent CSX railway line east drainage ditch were excavated and shipped offsite for biological treatment and disposal Contaminated soil and residual sulfur were also excavated and shipped offsite for disposal Since there is commingling ofthe Sites ground water plumes with those ofthe adjacent Alaric Site the pump-and-treat ground water remedy selected in the 1996 ROD may not cunently be appropriate to implement at the Site until

- the Alaric Sites plumes have been remediated Helena Chemical Conipany proposed a pilot-scale treatability study to evaluate the feasibility of biological and physical ground water contaminant degradation The Work Plan for this treatability study was approved by EPA in August 2009 The study is currently underway and was scheduled to conclude by the fourth quarter of 2010 with a contingency period of another 12 months if necessary A final report documenting the effectiveness ofthe first fijll year ofthe treatability study was not available at the time this FYR report was drafted therefore a decision regarding whether to implement the additional 12 month contingency period had also not been made The final results ofthe treatability study will be used to infonn the selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site In the event that the treatability study is not successful EPA may consider additional avenues to approach remediation including additional excavation

The 1996 ROD selected the implementation of institutional controls in the form of deed restrictions for soil sediment and ground water to limit exposure to site-related contamination Fencing was also required by the 1996 ROD Land use restrictions have not been implemented for the Site however some interim institutional controls to protect against exposure to ground water contamination have been implemented Helena Chemical Company intends to confinue Site operations for the foreseeable future and has no intention to sell lease or transfer any portion ofthe Site Cunent and future zoning designations are consistent with the industrial land use criteria used in selection of Site COC cleanup goals In 2008 EPA entered into a Memorandum of Agreement with the SWFWMD The document confirms SWFWMDs regulatory authority to place restrictions on well placement and constmction Through shared infomiation between the two agencies SWFWMD can make infomied pennitting and enforcement decisions to prevent exposure to ground water contamination that could pose a risk to hunian health No impacted ground water wells are used for potable water buildings at the Site and in the surrounding area are connected to municipal water supply lines The need for additional institufional controls will be evaluated upon selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site

The Site is well-maintained and is surrounded by a secured perimeter fence with signs restricting access Access is limited to authorized persons during regular business hours

45

All site-related wells are secured or if no longer operational have been properly abandoned

72 Question B Are the exposure assumptions toxicity data cleanup levels and remedial action objectives (RAOs) used at the time of remedy selection still valid

The ARARs for four ofthe nine ground water COCs aldrin alpha-BHC beta-BHC and dieldrin have become more stringent since the signing ofthe 1996 ROD During the current ground water treatability study both alpha-BHC and beta-BHC have been detected at levels greater than the RODs less stringent cleanup goals for these COCs Remedial activities at the Site have allowed the continued industrial use ofthe property and have reduced ecological risk at the Site The selection of a revised ground water remedy is required before achieving the remaining two RAOs 1) protection of ground water from continued degradation by Site contaminants and 2) reduction of risk to human health within EPAs acceptable risk range Residual soil contamination remains present below the water table and the ground water plume continues to exceed cleanup goals The industrial land use at the Site and in the surrounding area is unchanged since the ROD was signed therefore the exposure assumpfions are still valid Benzene and ethylbenzene are being detected in the groundwater at concentrations above the primary drinking-water standards

73 Question C Has any other information come to light that could call into question the protectiveness ofthe remedy

No other infomiation has come to light that could call into question the protectiveness of the remedy

74 Technical Assessment Summary

The review of documents ARARs risk assumptions and the Site inspection indicate that the Sites soil remedy is functioning as intended by Site decision documents for soil and sediment Pesticide-contaminated surface soil and sediment at the Site and the adjacent CSX railway line east drainage ditch were excavated and shipped offsite for biological treatment and disposal Contaminated soil and residual sulfur were also excavated and shipped off-site for disposal Since there is commingling ofthe Sites ground water plumes with those ofthe adjacent Alaric Site the pump-and-treat ground water remedy selected in the 1996 ROD may not currently be appropriate to implement at the Site until the Alaric Sites plumes have been remediated Helena Chemical Company proposed a pilot-scale treatability study to evaluate the feasibility of biological and physical ground water contaminant degradafion The work plan for this treatability study was approved by EPA in August 2009 The study is currenfiy underway and was scheduled to conclude by the fourth quarter of 2010 vvith a contingency period of another 12 months if necessary A final report documenting the effectiveness ofthe first full year ofthe treatability study was not available at the time this FYR report was drafted therefore a decision regarding whether to implement the additional 12 month contingency period had also not been made The final results ofthe treatability study will be used to infonn the selection of a

46

revised ground water remedy for the Site In the event that the treatability study is not successful EPA may consider addifional avenues to approach remediation including additional excavation

The ARARs for four ofthe nine ground water COCs aldrin alpha-BHC beta-BHC and dieldrin have become more stringent since the signing ofthe 1996 ROD During the current ground water treatability study both alpha-BHC and beta-BHC have been detected at levels greater than the cuirent less-stringent cleanup goal for these COCs Remedial activities at the Site have allowed the continued industrial use ofthe property and have reduced ecological risk at the Site The selection of a revised ground water remedy is required before achieving the remaining two RAOs 1) protection of ground water from confinued degradation by Site contaminants and 2) reduction of risk to

-human health within EPAs acceptable risk range Residual soil contaniination remains present below the water table and the ground water plume continues to exceed cleanup goals The industrial land use at the Site and in the surrounding area has not changed since the ROD was signed therefore the exposure assumptions are still valid

The 1996 ROD selected the implementation of institutional controls in the fomi of deed restrictions for soil sediment and ground water to liinit exposure to site-related contamination Fencing was also required by the 1996 ROD Land use restrictions have not been implemented for the Site however some interim institufional controls to protect against exposure to ground water contamination have been implemented Helena Chemical Company intends to continue Site operations for the foreseeable future and has no intention to sell lease or transfer any portion ofthe Site Current and future zoning designations are consistent with the industrial land use criteria used in selection of site COC cleanup goals In 2008 EPA entered into a Memorandum of Agreement with the SWFWMD The document confinns SWFWMDs regulatory authority to place restrictions on well placement and constmction Through shared infonnation between the two agencies SWFWMD can make infonned pemiitting and enforcement decisions to prevent exposure to ground water contamination that could pose a risk to hunian health No impacted ground water wells are used for potable water buildings at the Site and in the surrounding area are connected to municipal water supply lines The need for additional institutional controls will be evaluated upon selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site

The Site is well-maintained and is surrounded by a secured perimeter fence with signs restricting access Access is limited to authorized persons during regular business hours All site-related wells have been secured or if no longer operational have been properly abandoned

47

80 Issues

Table 8 summarizes the current site issues

Table 8 Current Site Issues

Issue

A revised ground water remedy for the Site has not been selected or implemented and sampling events continue to detect COC concentrations in ground water that are greater than cleanup goals Land use restrictions for the Site have not yet been implemented

Affects Current Protectiveness

(Yes or No)

No

No

Affects Future Protectiveness

(Yes or No)

Yes

Yes

48

90 Recommendations and Follow-up Actions

Table 9 provides recommendations to address the current site issues

Table 9 Recommendations to Address Current Site Issues

Issue

A revised groundshywater remedy for the Site has not been selected or mdash implemented and sampling events continue to detect COC concentrations in ground water that are greater than cleanup goals

Land use restrictions for the Site have not yet been implemented

Recommendations Follow-Up Actions

- At the conclusion ofthe current pilot study evaluate results and if appropriate docunient the selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site

A restrictive covenant will be concluded designed to ensure the Site remains industrial

Party Responsible

PRP

PRP

Oversight Agency

EPA

EPA

Milestone Date

01312012

01312012

Affects Protectiveness

(Yes or No) Current

No

No

Future

Yes

Yes

49

100 Protectiveness Statements

The Sites remedy currently protects huinan health and the environment in the short-tenn because it is functioning as intended by the Sites decision documents for soil and sediment Source materials have been excavated and removed for off-site treatment and disposal The selected ground water remedy has not yet been implemented due to concems with promoting migration ofthe ground water plume from the neighboring Alaric Site A pilot-scale bioremediafion treatability study is underway and will hopefully aid in the selecfion of a revised ground water remedy for the Site The affected surficial aquifer in the vicinity ofthe Site is not used for potable water supply and area residents and businesses are connected to municipal water supply In order for the remedy to be protective in the long-tenn issues conceming implementation of a revised ground water remedy and institutional controls should be addressed

50

110 Next Review

This Site is a statutory Site that requires ongoing FYRs as long as waste is left on site that does not allow for unrestricted use and unlimited exposure The next FYR will be due within five years ofthe signatureapproval date ofthis FYR

51

Appendix A List of Documents Reviewed

CERCLA Infonnafion System Site Infomiation accessed from website httpcfpubepa^ovsupercpadcursitescsitinfocfinid=0400674 Accessed May 12 2010

EPA Record of Decision Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) EPA ID FLD053502696 Prepared by US EPA Region 4 May 7 1996

Explanation of Significant Differences Helena Chemical Superfund Site Tampa Hillsborough County FL Prepared by US EPA Region 4 January 27 2005

First Five-Year Review Report for Helena Chemical Company Tampa Hillsborough County Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for US EPA Region 4 January 31 2006 mdash

First Quarter 2010 Pilot Test Implementation Report Helena Chemical Company Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Chemical Conipany July 7 2010

Fourth Quarter 2009 Pilot Test Implementation Report Helena Chemical Company Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Chemical Coinpany March 12 2010

Memorandum of Agreement between the US Environmental Protection Agency Region 4 Superfund Division and the Southwest Florida Water Management District September 11 2008

Pilot Test and Interini Monitoring Work Plan for the Helena Chemical Conipany Superfund Site Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Chemical Company June 30 2009

Pilot Test Implementation Report Helena Cheinical Company Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Chemical Company December 22 2009

Second Quarter 2010 Pilot Test Implementation Report Helena Chemical Conipany Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Chemical Company September 23 2010

Third Quarter 2009 Pilot Test Implementation Report Helena Chemical Company Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Cheinical Coinpany December 22 2009

A-l

Appendix B Press Notice

y PRoA^

U S Environmental Protection Agency Region 4 Announces a Five-Year Review for

the Helena Chemical Company Superfund Site Tampa Hillsborough Countj Florida

PurposeObjective The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is conducting a Five-Year Review ofthe remedy for the Helena Chemical Company Superfuiid site (Site) in Tampa Florida The purpose ofthe Five-Year Review is to ensure that the selected cleanup actions effectively protect human health and the environment

Site~Background The Site covers approximately eight acres and is located in the Orient Park industrial area in Tampa Floiida The ~ facility was built in 1929 as a chemical plant for the production of sulfur The initial owners manufactured wettable and dusting sulfur and formulated pesticides herbicides fungicides and fertilizers at the facility Helena Chemical Company purchased the property in 1967 and continued these manufacturing operations until 1981 The company moved its pesticide herbicide and fiingicide formulation operations to Georgia in 1981 but has continued to fonnulate insecticidal petroleum oil and liquid fertilizers at the facility Former manufacturing operations by Helena Chemical Company and its predecessors resulted in soil and ground water contamination EPA placed the Site on the National Priorities List (NPL) in October 1992

Cleanup Actions In 1996 EPA signed the Record of Decision (ROD) for the Site which selected a remedy to clean up contaminants by excavating and treating contaminated soils disposing of sulfur-contaminated soils offsite neutralizing soil pH and containing ground water contamination to prevent off-site migration Between 2000 and 2005 more than 10000 tons of contaminated soils were excavated for treatment and soils with sulfur contamination were disposed of off site After the soil removals lime was incorporated into remaining on-site soils to neutralize the sulfuric acid present four feet below the land surface However the addition of lime appears to have had minimal effect on areas with low pH Design ofthe ground water treatment system was delayed due to the need to distinguish between source contamination at the Site and source contaniination emanating from another Superfijnd site the Alaric Area Ground Water Plume site which is located adjacent to the Site Ground water sampling conducted in 2007 concluded that pesticide concentrations at the Site continue to exceed cleanup goals established in the ROD and require remedial action Several pilot-scale treatability studies commenced in 2009 and are presently underway

Five-Vear Review Schedule The National Contingency Plan requires that remedial actions that result in any hazardous substances pollutants or contaminants remaining at the Superfimd Sites above levels that allow for unlimited use and unrestricted exposure be reviewed every five years to ensure the protection of human health and the environment The second ofthe Five-Year Reviews for this Site will be completed in January 2011

EPA invites community participation in the Five-Year Review process EPA is conducting this Five-Year Review to evaluate the effectiveness ofthe Sites remedy and to ensure that the remedy remains protective of human health and the environment As part ofthe Five-Year Review process EPA staff are available to answer any questions about the Site Community members who have questions about the Site or the Five-Year Review process or vvho would like to participate in a community interview are asked to contact

Galo Jackson Remedial Project Manager LTonya Spencer Community Involvement Coordinator Phone 404-562-8937 Phone 404-562-8463 1 -800-435-9234 (toll free) E-mail jacksongaloMjepauov E-mail spencerlatonva(5)epagov

Mailing Address EPA Region 4 Sam Nunn Atlanta Federal Center 61 Forsyth St SW Mail Code 9T25 Atlanta GA 30303-8960

Site information is also available at the Sites local document repository at University of South Florida Library 4202 East Fowler Avenue Tampa Florida 33620 and online at httpwvwepcigovi-egion4wasteitplitplflshelenafl-hlin

B-

Appendix C Interview Forms

Interview Form 2011 Five-Year Review - Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) Site Tampa FL

Site Name Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) EPA ID No FLD053502696 Interviewer Name Sabrina Foster Affiliation E Inc Subjects Name Galo Jackson Affiliation EPA Region 4 Subjects Contact Information iacksongalo(fl)epagov Time 915 am Date July 8 2010 Type of Interview (Circle one) In Person Phone Mail Other Location of Interview Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) site

IVIiat is your overall impression ofthe project In tenns ofthe pilot-scale treatability study for water the project is on schedule We are getting results back having them reviewed but it is still too early to tell what the final result will be The treatability study has been challenging but I am hopeful that it will work

2 What effect has this site had on the surrounding community ifany^7 None that 1 am aware of

3 How well do you believe the remedy currently in place is performing7 Do you believe the monitoring data show the remedys effectiveness^ As 1 said before we are still working on the treatability study so it is really too early to tell The study is still in early stages

4 Are you aware of any complaints or inquiries regarding environmental issues or the remedial action from residents since implementation ofthe cleanup 1 have not received any in the last five years

5 Are you aware of any changes in projected land use at or near the site No as far as I know it is all still zoned for heavy industrial use

6 Do you feel well informed about the site y activities and progress Yes EnSafe are the remedial contractors and they do a good job keeping me well-in fonn ed

7 Do you have any commenis suggeslions or recommendations regarding the sile s management or operation Not really The treatability study is underway and 1 am hopeful that it will work

C-1

Site Name Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) EPA ID No FLD053502696 Interviewer Name Sabrina Foster Affiliation E Inc Subjects Name Ed Brister Affiliation Helena Chemical Company Subjects Contact Information bristere(laquo)helenachemicacom Time 900 am Date July 8 2010 Type of Interview (Circle one) In Person Phone Mail Other Location of Interview Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) site

1 What is your overall impression ofthe project My impression is that it is good and has been a successful project

2 What e f f y has this site had on the surrounding community ifany mdash We dont know of any effect on the surrounding community Certainly there hasnt been

an effect on human health At any site like this you are going to have stigma issues but we dont hear any concerns out ofthe community about it

3 How well do you believe the remedy currently in place is performing 1 think it is doing well

4 Are you aware of any complaints or inquiries regarding environmental issues or the remedial action from residents since implementation ofthe cleanup Yes During the implementation ofthe cleanup the soil excavations we did hear of concems Irom a neighbor [Resident 1] We addressed her concems by temporarily moving her and her husband from their home for a couple of months to a location south of here We temporarily moved the [residents] twice once during the big removal in 2000 and again during the excavation and removal ofthe sulfur area in 2004-2005

5 Are you aware of any changes in projected land use at or near the site No not for here or for the surrounding areas

6 Do you feel well informed about the site s activities and progress Yes

7 Do you have any commenis suggestions or recommendations regarding the site f management or operation No

C-2

SiteName Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) EPA ID No FLD053502696 Subjects Name Karen Milicic Affiliation FDEP Subjects Contact Information 850-245-8931 Time 913 am Date August 23 2010 Type of Interview (Circle one) In Person Phone Mail Other E-mail Location of Interview Tallahassee FL

What is your overall impression ofthe project Good appear to be making progress on addressing the contaminants of concem

2 How well do you believe the remedy currently in place is performing Still too early to tell basedon recent lab data

3 Are you comfortable with the institutional controls required for the Site and their current status of implementation Yes at this time

4 Are you aware of any complaints or inquiries regarding environmental issues or the remedial action from residents in the last five years No not aware of any complaints andor inquiries regarding the Site

5 Has your office conducted any Site-related activities or communications in the last five years If so please give purpose and results of these activities Yes to attend a site visit with EPA RPM Galo Jackson

6 Are you aware of any changes to state laws that might affect the protectiveness ofthe remedy Are you aware of any changes in projected land use at the Site Not at this fime

7 Do you feel well informed about the Site 5 activities and progress Feel very well infomied regarding the progress ofthe Site

8 Do you have any comments suggestions or recommendations regarding the Site s management or operation None at this time

C-3

Site Name Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) EPA ID No FLD053502696 Interviewer Name Sabrina Foster Affiliation E^ Inc Subjects Name Mary Yeargan Affiliation Environmental Protection

Commission of Hillsborough County Subjects Contact Information yearganm(fl)epchcorg Time 330 pm Date September 27 2010 Type of Interview (Circle one) In Person Phone Mail Other

What is your overall impression ofthe project My overall impression is that it is continuing along as it has been

2 What are your views about current site condition problems or related concerns mdash 1 was onthe site visit for the last FYR so I am familiar with the-Site and the Five-Year

Review process I think that things are continuing to move forward at the Site with the treatments underway

3 What effect has this site had on the surrounding community This is a blighted community and certainly the presence of a Superfund site contributes to the perception of blight But Helena is not the only Superfund site in the area there is also Stauffer Chemical Florida Steel Alaric as well as the jail and all the bail bonds places So there is blight in the community but it is npt a direct result of Helena

4 Has the local government received any citizen complaints or inquiries regarding environmental issues or activities at this site I havent received any specific complaints nothing about Helena in particular The calls I get largely concem other specific Superfund sites in the area or just the presence of Superfijnd sites in general I did receive a call in 2008 firom a resident who was concemed about well water and whether the presence of Superfijnd sites in the area meant that the water was contaminated Again they didnt specifically mention Helena just Superfund sites in general We called the Department of Public Health to come out and sampled the well and there was no contamination present

5 Have there been routine communications or activities (site visits inspections reporting activities etc) conducted by your office regarding the site If yes please give purpose and results No

6 Are you aware of any changes to local laws that might affect the protectiveness ofthe remedy Are you aware of any changes in projected land use at the Site No Im not aware of any changes to local laws that would impact the Site Helena continues to operate so that land use hasnt changed and I dont imagine that the land use zoning would be changed to anything other than heavy industrial There is a limited amount of space available for heavy industrial so they are going to keep any land already zoned for that purpose

C-4

7 Do you feel well informed about the Sites activities and progress If not what methods would you recommend EPA use to disseminate more information Sure

8 Do you have any comments suggestions or recommendations regarding the project None I have worked with Galo for some time and let him know right away if there are any complaints

C-5

Appendix D Site Inspection Checklist

FIVE-YEAR REVIEW SITE INSPECTION CHECKLIST

I SITE INFORMATION

Site name Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) Date of inspection July 8 2010

Location and Region Tampa FL Region 4 EPA ID FLD053502696

Agency office or company leading the five-year review EPA Region 4 Weathertemperature Clear skies sunny 85F

Remedy Includes (Check all that apply) I I Landfill covercontainment [XI Access controls IXI Institutional controls Xl Groundwater pump and treatment I I Surface water collection and treatment Xl Other Soil excavation and off-site disposal

I I Monitored natural attenuation XI Groundwater containment [~| Vertical banier walls

ttachments XT] Inspection team roster attached I I Site map attached

II INTERVIEWS (Check all that apply)

1 OampM site manager Name Title

Interiewed 77 at site [d at office Q by phone Phone no Problems suggestions XU Report attached

mmddvgtvv Date

OampM staff Name Title

Interviewed O at site J at office XU by phone Phone no Problems suggestions [d Report attached

mmddyyvv Date

D-

3 Local regulatory authorities and response agencies (ie State and Tribal offices emergency response office police department office of public health or environmental health zoning office recorder of deeds or other city and county offices etc) Fill in all that apply

Agency FDEP Contact

Problems

Agencv Cont c t Problems

Agency Contact

Problems

Aeencv Contact

Problems

Agency Contact

Problems

Karen Milicic Name

suggestions bull Report attached

Name suggestions 1 1 Report attached

N me suggestions bull Report attached

Name suggestions bull Report attached

Name suggestions CD Report attached

Proiect Manager Title

see Appendix C

8232010 Date

Title

Title see Appendix C

Date

mdash

Date

Title see Appendix C

ate

Title see Appendix C

Date

850-245-8931 Phone No

Phone No

Phone No

Phone No

Ph iieNo

4 Other interviews (optional) bull Report attached

EPA Region 4 Galo Jackson Remedial Project Manager 782010 404-562-8937

Helena Chemical Company (PRP) Ed Brister Director of Engineering Safety Health 782010901-537-8600

and Environment

III ON-SITE DOCUMENTS amp RECORDS VERIFIED (Check all that apply)

1 O amp M Documents

n OampM manual D Readily available bull Up to date

1 1 As-built drawings O Readily available Q Up to date

n Maintenance logs Q Readily available []] Up to date

Remarks

^ N A

K | N A

E ] N A

2 Site-Specific Health and Safety Plan bull Readily available ^ Up to date D NA

n Contingency planemergency response plan bull Readily available ^ Up to date O NA

Remarks

3 O amp M and OSHA Training Records Q Readily available D Up to date lEI NA

Remarks

D-2

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

1

Permits and Service Agreements

r~l Air discharge pemiit

bull Effluent discharge

n Waste disposal POTW

1 1 Other pemiits

Remarks

Gas Generation Records

Remarks

Settlement Monument Records

Remarks

Groundwater Monitoring Records

r~1 Readily available

n Readily available

77 Readily available

[y Readily available

[72 Readily available

[y Readily available

Q Readily available

Remarks Ground water monitoring records are available for the feasibilitv and intemiittent monitoring records from

n Up to date

bull Up to date

n Up to date

n Up to date

n Up to date

n Up to date mdash bull -

IC] Up to date

[ 3 NA

^ N A

KNA

KNA

13 NA

S N A

KINA

study currently underway sampling to confirm the effectiveness of soil remedial

actions are also available Since a revised ground water remedy for the Site has not vet been or implemented long-temi monitoring o

Leachate Extraction Records

Remarks

Discharge Compliance Records

selected f ground water remedy effectiveness has not yet begun 1

n Readily available

bull Air n Readily available bull Up to date

bull Water (effluent) bull Readily available bull Up to date

Remarks

Daily AccessSecurity Logs

Remarks

IV

OampM Organization

1 1 State in-house

n PRP in-house

1 1 Federal Facility in-house

n

X3 Readily available

OampM COSTS

1 1 Contractor for State

n Contractor for PRP

bull Up to date KNA

KlNA

^ N A

bull Up to date

1 1 Contractor for Federal Facility

KINA

D-3

-gt

3

OampM Cost Records

1 1 Readily available

1 1 Funding mechanist

Original OampM cost es

From mniddvYw

Date

From mmddNyyy

Date

From mnidd-w-w

Date

From mmddyvY

Date

From mmddyvw

Date

Unanticipated or Unu

Describe costs and reas

n Up to date

nagreement in place CH Unavailable

imate | 1 Breakdown attached

Total annual cost by year for review period

To mmddyvw

Date Total cost

To mmddN-vw

ate Total cost

To mmddyvw

Date Total cost

To mmddvvNv

Date Total cost

To mmddyvw

Date Total cost

iually High OampM Costs During Review P

ons

if available

bull Breakdown aitached

1 1 Breakdown attached

- 1 1 Breakdown attached

1 1 Breakdown attached

CH Breakdown attached

eriod

V ACCESS AND INSTITUTIONAL CONTROLS ^ Applicable D NA

A

1

B

1

C

Fencing

Fencing damaged Q Location shown on site map ^ G

Remarks Fencing surrounds entire property gates are secured outsi

Other Access Restrictions

Signs and other security measures O Location s

Remarks Access signs are posted near entry gates

Institutional Controls (ICs]

ues secured CD NA

de of operation hours

10wn on site map CD NA

D-4

Implementation and enforcement

Site conditions imply ICs not properly implemented

Site conditions imply ICs not being fully enforced

Type of monitoring (eg self-reporting drive by)

Frequency

Responsible partyagency

Contact

Name Title

Reporting is up-to-date

Reports are verified by the lead agency

Specific requirements in deed or decision documents have been met

Violations have been reported

Other problems or suggestions CD Report attached

D Y e s

D Y e s

No D NA

No D N A

mrrvaoyy

Date D Yes

DYes

DYes

DYes

wv Phone no

D N O

D N O

D N O

D N O

DNA

Q N A

DNA

DNA

2 Adequacy ^ ICs are adequate O ICs are inadequate CD NA

Remarks The 1996 ROD calls for institutional controls in the fomi of site deed restrictions to limit exposure to ground water contamination until cleanup goals are achieved The ROD also calls for fencing to limit access and exposure to site soil contamination At the request ofthe FDEP land use restrictions for the Site have not yet been implemented however some interim institutional controls lo protect against exposure to ground water contamination have been implemented EPA signed a Memorandum of Agreement with the SWFWMD affimiing SWFWMDs regulatory authority to restrict well construction and well use for potable water at and in the area ofthe Site Secure perimeter fencing provides an engineering control to restrict access to the Site The risk for exposure is minimal because surface soil has been remediated the Helena Chemical Company has continued site operations and plans to continue industrial activities at the Site into the foreseeable ftiture and current and future land use zoning is consistent with the industrial cleanup criteria used in the selection of site cleanup goals

A treatability study is currently underway to help detennine the revised remedy for ground water Once this remedy has been selected and decision documents have been appropriately updated Helena Chemical Company EPA the slate and Hillsborough County will evaluate changes to existing institutional controls and addition of new institutional controls for the Site as well as impacted ground water area as appropriate

D General

Vandalismtrespassing

Remarks

I I Location shown on site map No vandalism evident

2 Land use changes on site

Remarks

NA

3 Land use changes off site

Remarks

^ N A

VI GENERAL SITE CONDITIONS

Roads Applicable D NA

D-5

1

B

Roads damaged

Remarks Paved aspha

Other Site Conditions

[y] Location shown on site map ^ Roads adequate Q NA

It roads are used for access to warehouses and the office building on site

Remarks

A

1

T

3

4

5

6

7

8

VII

Landfill Surface

LANDFILL COVERS D Applicable [^ NA

Settlement (Low spots)

Arial extent

Remarks

Cracks

Lengths

Remarks

Erosion

Arial extent

Remarks

Holes

Arial extent

Remarks

Vegetative Cover

1 1 No signs of stres

Remarks

Alternative Cover

Remarks

Bulges

Arial extent

Remarks

s

1 1 Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

Widths

CD Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on sit map

CH Grass

1 1 TreesSlirubs (indicate size and loi

amiored rock concrete etc)

Xy Location shown on site map

rn Settlement not evident

Depth

CD Cracking not evident

Depths

CD Erosion not evident

Depth

CD Holes not evident

Depth

1 1 Cover properly established

bullations on a diagram)

DNA

CD Bulges not evident

Height

Wet AreasWater Damage bull Wet areaswater damage not evident

bull Wet areas

CD Ponding

n Seeps

bull Soft subgrade

Remarks

CD Location shown on site map

1 1 Location shown on site map

1 1 Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

Arial extent

Arial extent

Arial extent

Arial extent

D-6

9

B

1

2

3

C

1

1

3

4

5

Slope Instability

1 1 No evidence of slope

Arial extent

Remarks

n Slides

instability

CD Location shown on site map

Benches D Applicable ^ NA

(Horizontally constructed mounds of earth placed across a steep landfill side slope to interrupt the slope in order to slow down the velocity of surface runoff and intercept and convey the runoff to a lined channel)

Flows Bypass Bench

Remarks

Bench Breached

Remarks

Bench Overtopped

Remarks

CD Location shown on site map

bull Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

CD NA or okay

bull NA or okay

1 j NA or okay

Letdown Channels bull Applicable ^ NA

(Charaiel lined with erosion control mats riprap grout bags or gabions that descend down the steep side slope ofthe cover and will allow the runoff water collected by the benches to move off of the landfill cover without creating erosion gullies)

Settlement (Low spots)

Arial extent

Remarks

Material Degradation

Material type

Remarks

Erosion

Arial extent

Remarks

Undercutting

Arial extent

Remarks

Obstructions

bull Location shown on sit

Size

Remarks

CD Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

Type

e map Arial extent

CD No evidence of settlement

Depth

[H No evidence of degradation

Arial extent

bull No evidence of erosion

Depth

CD No evidence of undercutting

Depth

1 1 No obstmctions

D-7

6

D

1

2

3

4

5

E

1

9

3

Excessive Vegetative Growth Type

CD No evidence of excessive growth

CD Vegetation in channels does not obstmct flow

CD Location shown on site map Ari

Remarks

al extent

Cover Penetrations XC Applicable ^ NA

Gas Vents bull Active

CD Properly securedlocked Q Functioning

CD Evidence of leakage at penetration

Remarks

Gas Monitoring Probes

CD Properly securedlocked CD Functioning

CD Evidence of leakage at penetration

Remarks

Monitoring Wells (within surface area of landfill)

CD Properly securedlocked [ID Functioning

1 1 Evidence of leakage at penetration

Remarks

Extraction Wells Leachate

CD Properly securedlocked CD Functioning

1 1 Evidence of leakage at penetration

Remarks

Settlement Monuments Q Located

Remarks

Gas Collection and Treatment CD Applicable

Gas Treatment Facilities

n Passive

CD Routinely sampled

CD Needs Maintenance

CD Routinely sampled

CD Needs Maintenance

bull Routinely sampled

CD Needs Maintenance

CD Routinely sampled

1 1 Needs Maintenance

CD Routinely sureyed

^ N A

1 1 Flaring CD Themial destmclion

CD Good condition CD Needs Maintenance

Remarks

Gas Collection Wells Manifolds and Piping

CD Good condition CD Needs Maintenance

Remarks

Gas Monitoring Facilities (eg gas monitoring o

CD Good condition

DNA

- - bull

CD Good condition

DNA

1 1 Good condition

DNA

CD Good condition

DNA

DNA

CD Collection for reuse

Fadjacent homes or buildings)

CD Good condition CD Needs Maintenance CD NA

Remarks

D-8

F

1

2

G

1

1

3

4

H

1

2

I

1

9

3

Cover Drainage Layer bull Applicable ^ NA

Outlet Pipes Inspected CD Functioning

Remarks

Outlet Rock Inspected CD Functioning

Remarks

DetentionSedimentation Ponds bull Applicable

Siltation Area extent Depth

1 1 Siltation not evident

Remarks

Erosion Area extent Depth

CD Erosion not evident

Remarks

Outlet Works bull Functioning

Remarks

Dam CD Functioning

Remarks

Retaining Walls D Applicable ^ NA

Deformations CD Location shown on site map

Horizontal displacement Vertical di

Rotational displacement

Remarks

Degradation [C Location shown on site map

Remarks

Perimeter DitchesOff-Site Discharge [C Applicable

Siltation CD Location shown on site map

Area extent

Remarks

Vegetative Growth bull Location shown on site map

CD Vegetation does not impede flow

Area extent

Remarks

Erosion bull Location shown on site map

Area extent

Remarks

DNA

DNA

^ N A

DNA

DNA

DNA

J Deformation not evident

splacement

CD Degradation not evident

13 NA

CD Siltation not evident

Depth

DNA

Type

CD Erosion not evident

Depth

D-9

4 Discharge Structure Q Functioning bull NA

Remarks

VIII VERTICAL BARRIER WALLS D Applicable ^ NA

1

2

IX

A

1

2

3

B

1

bull )

3

C

Settlement CD Location shown on site map CD Settlement not evident

Area extent Depth

Remarks

Performance Monitoring Type of monitoring

bull Perfomiance not monitored

Frequency CD Evidence of breaching

Head differential

Remarks

GROUNDWATERSURFACE WATER REMEDIES g] Applicable Q NA

Groundwater Extraction Wells Pumps and Pipelines X Applicable ^ NA

Pumps Wellhead Plumbing and Electrical

CD Good condition CD Ail required wells properly operating CD Needs Maintenance CD NA

Remarks

Extraction System Pipelines Valves Valve Boxes and Other Appurtenances

bull Good condition O Needs Maintenance

Remarks

Spare Parts and Equipment

bull Readily available bull Good condition bull Requires upgrade bull Needs to be provided

Remarks

Surface Water Collection Structures Pumps and Pipelines [72 Applicable ^ NA

Collection Structures Pumps and Electrical

CD Good condition CD Needs Maintenance

Remarks

Surface Water Collection System Pipelines Valves Valve Boxes and Other Appurtenances

CD Good condition CD Needs Maintenance

Remarks

Spare Parts and Equipment

bull Readily available O Good condition Q Requires upgrade bull Needs to be pr vided

Remarks

Treatment System bull Applicable 3 NA

D-10

T

Treatment Train (Check components that apply)

I I Metals removal [72 Oilwater separation [72 Bi remediation

I I Air stripping [Zl Carbon adsorbers

D Filters

I I Additive (eg chelation agent flocculent)

n Others

I I Good condition [7 Needs Maintenance

I I Sampling ports properly marked and fianctional

I I Samplingmaintenance log displayed and up to date

CD Equipment properly identified mdash

I I Quantity of groundwater treated annually

I I Quantity of surface water treated annually

Remarks

Electrical Enclosures and Panels (properly rated and functional)

I I NA [22 Good condition [2 Needs Maintenance

Remarks

3 Tanks Vaults Storage Vessels

I I NA [J] Good condition [] Proper secondary containment [2 Needs Maintenance

Remarks

4 Discharge Structure and Appurtenances

I I NA CD Good condition [72 Needs Maintenance

Remarks

5 Treatment Building(s)

CD NA CD Golt d condition (esp roof and doorways) CD Needs repair

I I Chemicals and equipment properly stored

Remarks

6 Monitoring Wells (pump and treatment remedy)

I I Properly securedlocked [7 Functioning CD Routinely sampled CD Good condition

I I All required wells located CD Needs Maintenance CD NA

Remarks

D Monitoring Data

1 Monitoring Data

3 Is routinely submitted on time ^ Is of acceptable quality

2 Monitoring data suggests

[H Groundwater plume is effectively contained CD Contaminant concentrations are declining

D-

E Monitored Natural Attenuation 1 Monitoring Wells (natural attenuation remedy)

I I Properly securedlocked CD Functioning CD Routinely sampled CD Good condition

CD All required wells located CD Needs Maintenance ^ NA

Remarks X OTHER REMEDIES

If there are remedies applied at the site and not covered above attach an inspection sheet describing the physical nature and condition of any facility associated with the remedy An example would be soil vapor extraction

In September 2009 Helena Chemical Company began a pilot-scale bioremediation treatability study at the Site to test the effectiveness of sulfate reduction and anaerobic xylene degradation to treat residual ground water contamination in the surficial aquifer and the intemiediate aquifer system The pilot study also investigates reductive dechlorination of BHC isomers tlirough addition of facultative anaerobic cultures enhancement of nitrate- iron- and sulfate-reducers and addition of a reduction agent such as zero-valent iron with a pH adjustment The study was scheduled to conclude by the fourth quarter of 2010 and a contingency time of an additional 12 months has been allotted in the treatability study schedule if necessary

XI OVERALL OBSERVATIONS A Implementation of the Remedy

The pesticide source contamination in soil was excavated in 2000 and shipped offsite to an approved disposal facilitv in Louisiana Further soil excavation activities were performed in 2004 and 2005 in order to address sulfiir contamination source areas A pilot study to assess treatability of ground water contamination originating from the fomier sulfur pit area and the former xylene tank area is presently underway Results ofthe study will inform the selection ofthe remedy for ground water at the Site

B Adequacy of OampM A treatability study is presently underway for ground water treatment at the Site OampM activities have yet to commence

Early Indicators of Potential Remedy Problems None

D Opportunities for Optimization None

Site Inspection Team Galo Jackson EPA Region 4 Ed Brister Helena Chemical Conipany Christy Fielden E Inc Sabrina Foster E Inc

D-12

Appendix E Photographs from Site Inspection Visit

Helena Chemical Company office building at the Site

Signs at delivery gate which is secured outside of facility operating hours

E-1

Chemical storage warehouse on site

Fonner sulfur pit area with new chemical warehouse facilities

E-2

Monitoring well in the former sulfiir pit area

Pilot study monitoring wells in the former xylene tank area

E-3

Page 11: Five-Year Review Report Second Five-Year Review Report

20 Site Chronology

The following table lists the dates of important events for the Site

Table 1 Chronology of Site Events

Event Initial discovery of contamination Site proposed for the National Priorities List (NPL) Administrative Order on Consent between EPA and Helena Chemical Company remedial investigation and feasibility study (RIFS) start date Site listed on the NPL RIFS completed -Record of Decision (ROD) signed Unilateral Administrative Order and Consent Decree issued by EPA to Helena Chemical Company for implementation of remedial design (RD) and remedial action (RA) RD start date Soil RD completion date and RA start date Soil RA completed RD for sulfur area started RD for sulfur area completed Explanation of Significant Differences (ESD) for xylene issued Consent Decree issued by EPA to Helena Cheinical Company for cost recovery First FYR signed Memorandum of Agreement signed between EPA Region 4 and Southwest Florida Water Management District (SWFWMD) Pilot test for ground water and interini monitoring program start

Date August I 1980

February 7 1992 September 2 1992

October 14 1992 Iuly20 1995 Mav 7 1996

December 10 1996

December 26 1996 Februan 142000

March 7 2001 March 182003

May 8 2003 lanuary 27 2005

July 20 2005

January 31 2006 September 11 2008

August 2009

30 Background

31 Physical Characteristics

The Site is located at 2405 North 71^ Street within the City of Tampa in Hillsborough County Florida (Figure 1) This active commercial and industrial land use area is known as Orient Park or Bunchville An acfive CSX railway line mns along the southem border ofthe Site The active main operating facility is on a single 65-acre parcel (Parcel A-I4-29-19-4CA-000000-000220) bounded by Orient Road to the east East 14 Avenue to the north and North 71^ Street to the west Three additional parcels (Parcel A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000320 Parcel A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000330 and Parcel A-14-29-19-4CE-000003-000010) totaling 197 acres located west of North 71 Street are also included as part ofthe Site and are known as the Helena Woods The Site is situated between two other Superfund sites I) the Alaric Area Ground Water Plume Superfund Site (Alaric Site) to the north ofthe Helena Woods area and to the west ofthe main operating facility and 2) the Stauffer Chemical Company (Tampa) Superfund Site to the southeast ofthe Site on the southem side ofthe CSX railroad tracks

The Site is approximately 05 miles west of Six Mile Creek and the Tampa Bypass Canal The Site is subject to flooding during periods of intense and extended rainfall Surface water at the Site is composed entirely of stonnwater mnoff and the sediment remediation in the Sites selected remedy addresses sediment deposited by this overland flow Stonnwater mnoff from the central portion ofthe Site channels into concrete drainage swales and flows into an on-site retention pond located in the southeastem comer ofthe operating facility parcel The retenfion pond is designed to hold stonnwater mnoff during a 20-year stonn A spillway at the southeastem corner ofthe retention pond allows overflow to drain into a drainage ditch parallel to the CSX railroad tracks The retention pond is part ofthe mnoff control system at the Site and does not constitute a significant ecological habitat

On the westem and northem boundaries ofthe operating facility parcel stonnwater flows to the southwest where it collects in a low-lying section ofthe Helena Woods area and then flows to the north via a paired ditchculvert system along the east and west shoulders of North 71st Street On the east boundary surface water flow continues south along the ditch parallel to Orient Road Drainage tums eastward through a culvert under Orient Road then travels east-northeast for approximately 05 miles The drainage pathway continues through a swale on the north side ofthe CSX right-of-way

Surficial deposits at the Site consist of a thin three to six inch layer of topsoil and sediment covering fine- to medium-grained sands These deposits extend approximately 11 feet below the ground surface (bgs) and are primarily unconsolidated brown fineshygrained sands with traces of organic matter clay silt medium-grained sand and shells The surficial deposits fonn a sharp contact with the underlying Intemiediate Confining Unit which is a stiff intemiediate clay unit between the overlying surficial aquifer and the underlying poorly consolidated limestones that grade into more indurated limestones

11

The bottom portions ofthe surficial unit are saturated year-round the water table fluctuates drasfically with precipitation with seasonal high-water tables rising to within one foot bgs The clay ofthe Intermediate Confining Unit or intennediate aquifer system has low hydraulic pemieability and fonns the semi-confining unit between the ground water of the surficial aquifer and the Floridan aquifer The Upper Floridan aquifer is encountered at approximately 80 feet bgs Moderately indurated clayey sandy limestone is present in the upper section ofthe Floridan aquifer

Ground water flow at the Site is oriented in a radial pattem to the northeast east southeast south and southwest Gradients are the highest in the southeastem direction and lowest toward the northeast and southwest

12

Figure I Site Location Map

Helena Chemical Company Superfund Site Tampa HiHsborough County Florida

Disclaimer This map and any boundary lines within the map are approximate and subject to change The map is not a survey The map is for informational purposes only regarding EPAs response actions at the Site and is not intended for any other purpose

13

Figure 2 Detailed Site Map

~ vHak Area Ground Water Plume Site t

h-V -bull

^

KbullVI^tHl

-

4 ^

See Figure 3 _JSCnSt detail

T--

bdquo bdquo ^ bdquo I

1

I C ^ bullbull

Stauffer Chemical Company (Tampa) Site

Zi

Lagand [ __ ftppronmals Boundary at Suf id A q u h i Gtowid VUMCf Plume L ^ BounMry

17 AjipxiitrratD Boundary of inMimodixe Aqutar System Grcurd Matnr Plume ^ Priaiate WWis Found D i ^ r ^ Sts inapecVon

bull lnlBiniediraquoIeA^u-fcrSyilBT MonlaingwVei Incnaed in Monilonnj Program S SurfcalApufcr Mantarng WBK Incliided in Manitomg Prcgran

^ Weimedisie Aquilei Sysle-n Moiatof Kig Well Not lncjltteltlaquo in Monltonng Progiain pound Suifcal Aqullte Montamo Well Not Inoufled n Monilonrraquo8 Pr agiam

Helena Chemical Company Superfund Site Tampa Hillsborough County Florida

y Disclaimer This map and any boundary lines within the map are approximate and subject to change The map is not a survey The map is for informational purposes only regarding EPAs response actions at the Site and is not intended for any other purpose

14

32 Land and Resource Use

The Site has been used for the manufacture storage and distribution of agricultural products since 1929 The original Site owner Flag Sulfur Company fomiulated a wide variety of insecticides herbicides and fungicides including wettable and dusting sulfur at the Site from 1929 until 1967 Helena Chemical Company acquired the business in 1967 and continued manufacturing operations In 1981 Helena Chemical Company

moved the pesticides herbicides and fiingicides fonnulation operafions to a facility in Georgia in 1981 and the Tampa facility has confinued fomiulating and packaging insecticidal spray oil and liquid fertilizers since that time The Site also serves as Helena Chemical Companys main distribution warehouse for sales locations in the State of Florida

The Site consists of four land parcels within a secured Site perimeter fence The largest of these parcels (65 acres) contains the active Helena Chemical Company offices warehouses and distribufion centers as well as associated paved parking areas This parcel (A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000220) is presenfly zoned for light industrial land uses The Planning Commission serving Hillsborough County the City of Plant City the City of Temple Terrace and the City of Tampa anticipates this parcels fijture land use to be heavy industrial The three smaller parcels forming the Helena Woods area are covered by low grassy vegetation and oak trees and also contain several ground water monitoring wells for the Alaric Site located immediately to the north Two ofthe Helena Woods parcels are listed as being vacant and the third is zoned for a mobile home park The Planning Commission anficipates that all three parcels will be zoned for heavy industrial use in the future North 7P Street fomierly crossed the CSX railroad tracks to the south ofthe Site but the road was closed after an accident at the crossing The street now dead ends at the entrance gate to the tmck loading area on the Helena Cheinical Company property and the closed section of street between the entrance gate and the railroad tracks is included within the Site perimeter fencing

Surrounding land uses predominanfly include various light and heavy industrial uses as well as commercial land uses Small pockets of single family residences are located several blocks to the north and to the west ofthe Site Buildings on the Site and throughout the area impacted by site-related ground water contaniination are connected to municipal water supply lines None ofthe ground water wells impacted by contamination fi^om the Site are used for potable water supply

33 History of Contamination

The facility was built in 1929 as a chemical plant for the production of sulfur and was owned and operated by Flag Sulfur Conipany No historical records regarding the specific products formulated during Flag Sulfijr Company operafions are available but previous facility managers indicated that the conipany manufactured wettable and dusting sulfijr and fomiulated pesticides herbicides fungicides and fertilizers at the Site In 1967 Helena Chemical Conipany purchased the facility fi^om Duval Corporation the owner of Flag Sulfur Company From 1967 to 1981 Helena Chemical Conipany produced

15

wettable and dusting sulfur and fomiulated pesticides herbicides fungicides and fertilizers at the Site The company purchased the raw niaterials fi^oiii suppliers and added solvent emulsifiers andor surfactant to give the finished product certain characteristics required for various applications and strengths

Historically most agricultural chemical fonnulation occurred in the East Warehouse building located in the south central portion ofthe main operating facility parcel The fonnulation process for liquid products would consist of mixing a technical chemical with various solvents a surfactant andor emulsifiers in aboveground mixing vessels in the East Warehouse building Various solvents including xylene and an intemiediate range petroleum solvent called T-500 were used as pesticide carriers or diluents These solvents were stored on site in aboveground storage tanks A 3500-galIon capacity aboveground xylene storage tank was historically located in a benned area to the east of the East Warehouse building This tank was vandalized in 1977 causing a release of xylene to the soil and ground water below

In 1974 Helena Cheinical Company began using a three-tank pollution control system to handle the wash-down waste generated from pesticide manufacturing The wash-down waste consisted primarily of pesticides in a xylene carrier It was diluted with other process water and stonnwater treated vvith caustic soda run through an aeration evaporation treatnient system and finally discharged to the on-site stomiwater retention pond Sludges associated with the treatment system were periodically removed and shipped to the Chemical Waste Management Inc facility in Emelle Alabama for appropriate disposal At an undetemiined time between 1984 and 1988 use ofthe three-tank pollution control system was discontinued

According to the 1996 ROD the on-site stomiwater retention pond may have received some overflow waste from the East Warehouse building before the pollution control tanks were installed in 1974 During construction ofthe retention pond soil in the southeastem portion ofthe Site was removed using backhoes and placed in the Helena Woods area While the Helena Woods area was never used for agricultural chemical fonnulation or packaging contaniination in this area is attributed to the dredge niaterials irom the retention pond and to treatinent with pesticides and herbicides during routine maintenance activities

Dry products were formulated in the east end ofthe West Warehouse building just south ofthe loading dock using a Raymond Mill for grinding and a set of ribbon blenders for mixing Helena Chemical Company would then package the finished product for resale Both Flag Sulfur Company and Helena Chemical Conipany manufactured sulfiir dust and wettable sulfur on site Flag Sulfur Companys operations are largely unknown Helena Chemical Companys sulfur processing operations consisted of transporting molten sulfur to the Site and unloading the sulfur in the fonner sulfijr pit area located south ofthe current central paved courtyard between the West and East Warehouse buildings The sulfur was contained in berms for a period of approximately 48 hours until it had solidified Heavy equipment was then used to break the sulfur into pieces for processing through the Raymond Mill

16

34 Initial Response

In 1976 Helena Chemical Company stopped processing sulfijr products The fomier sulfur pit area was excavated and then filled with clean sand In 1980 the fomiulation of dry fertilizers was also discontinued at the facility In 1981 Helena Chemical Company moved the pesticide herbicide and fungicide fonnulation operation to a company facility in Georgia Since 1981 Helena Chemical Company has fomiulated insecficidal petroleum oil (a 70-viscosity paraffin-based oil with an emulsifier additive) and liquid fertilizers at the Site In addition to products produced at the facility numerous agricultural products are stored in the warehouse prior to distribution to Helena Chemical

- Companys Florida sales offices mdash

In 1984 FDEP inspected the Site and required quarterly monitoring ofthe surficial aquifer From 1988 to 1990 EPA investigated the Site and found pesticide contaniination in the on-site soil sediment and surficial aquifer Based on the potential for hunian exposure via ingestion of contaminated ground water EPA proposed the Site for listing on the NPL in Febmary 1992 and finalized the listing in October 1992

The Florida Department of Health and Rehabilitative Services (FHRS the predecessor of FDEP) in cooperation with the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry prepared a public health assessment for the Site in September 1993 In that report FHRS expressed concem for on-site worker contact with contaminated soil and exposure to sediment and ground water FHRS made several recommendations that additional data should be collected Under a September 1992 Consent Order with EPA Helena Cheinical Coinpany perfonned a RIFS at the Site The primary objectives ofthe invesfigation were to detemiine the nature magnitude and extent of contamination evaluate potential risks to human health and the environinent and evaluate potential cleanup altematives Site operations have remained active throughout site investigations and remedial activities

35 Basis for Taking Action

The results ofthe RIFS documented extensive surface soil and sediment contaniination including pesticides semivolatile organic compounds and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) related to fonner operations by Helena Chemical Company and its predecessors The investigations also documented contamination of ground water in the surficial aquifer and intemiediate aquifer systems with chlorinated pesticides polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons phenols and VOCs A human health risk assessment perfonned by Black and Veatch in 1994 concluded that risks to current and future site workers current and future trespassers and potential future Site residents exceeded acceptable risk and hazard thresholds

17

40 Remedial Actions

In accordance with CERCLA and the NCP the ovemiding goals for any remedial action are protecfion of human health and the environment and compliance with applicable or relevant and appropriate requirements (ARARs) A nuinber of remedial altemafives were considered for the Site fmal selection was made based on an evaluafion ofeach altemative against nine evaluation criteria that are specified in Secfion 300430(e)(9)(iii) ofthe NCP The nine criteria include

L Overall Protectiveness of Human Health and the Environment 2 Compliance with ARARs 3 Long-Tenn Effectiveness and Pennanence 4 Reduction of Toxicity Mobility or Volume of Contaminants through Treatment 5 Short-temi Effectiveness 6 Implementability 7 Cost 8 State Acceptance 9 Community Acceptance

41 Remedy Selection

EPA issued the site-wide ROD on May 7 1996 Based on the results ofthe Sites RIFS EPA detennined that remediation of soil sediment and ground water would be required for the protection of huinan health and the environment Remedial action objecfives (RAOs) established in the ROD for the Site include

bull Restore the Site to beneficial use bull Reduce risk to human health within EPAs acceptable risk range (ie total

residual cancer risk between 1 x 10 to 1 x 10 and maximum individual contaminant Hazard Quotient of 1)

bull Reduce ecological risk bull Protect ground water from continued degradation by Site contaminants

The remedy selected in the Sites 1996 ROD consisted ofthe following remedial components for source control in soil and sediment

Implement institutional controls (ie fencing (cumenfiy considered an engineering control) and deed restrictions) Demolish tank fanii pads east ofthe liquid processing building (East Warehouse) and dispose ofthe debris offsite Excavate material from the fonner sulfur pit and dispose of excavated materials offsite Neutralize soil in place if located in areas where sulfur is present but inaccessible Excavate contaminated surface soil and sediment (zero to two feet) where concentrations exceed soil cleanup goals Biologically treat contaminated surface soil and sediment

bull Place treated soil back on site

Major components ofthe ground water remedy selected in the 1996 ROD include

bull Extract contaminated ground water bull Treat contaminated ground water to meet surface water discharge standards bull Discharge treated ground water to on-site ponds or to the Tampa Bypass Canal

under a National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System pemiit bull Place controls on Site to restrict the use of ground water beneath the Site through

the filing of deed notices in order to limit exposure to contaminated ground water until cleanup goals are met

The 1996 ROD selected cleanup goals for contaminants of concem (COCs) in both ground water and surface soil (Table 2) As Site data suggested that sediments with pesticide contamination attributable to the Site were primarily present in drainage ditches that were typically dry remediation of sediment in Site drainage features was to be managed using the surface soil cleanup goals protective of hunian health The 1996 ROD also selected a confingency remedy for Site soil and sediment If treatability studies demonstrated that the selected biological treatinent remedy could not achieve the performance standards listed in Table 2 low temperature themial desorption (LTTD) was to be used in lieu ofthe biological treatnient

Table 2 COCs and Cleanup Goals

bull bull - y y Contaminant of Concern

44-dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (44-DDT) Aldrin Alpha-benzene hexachloride (Alpha-BHC) Beta-benzene hexachloride (Beta-BHC) Gamma-benzene hexachloride (Gamma-BHC) Chlordane Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane (DDD) Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) Dieldrin Endosulfan 1 Endosulfan II Heptachlor Heptachlor epoxide Total xylenes Toxaphene

Ground Water 7 Cleanup Goal

(micrograms per liter ^gL)

03

005

005

01

02

NA NA NA NA 01

7

2 NA NA 20 NA

Surface Soil and Sediment Cleanup Goal

(milligrams per kilogram mgkg)

NA

018

047

NA

NA

23 126 89 89

019 NA NA 067 034 NA 276

NA not applicable

19

In January 2005 EPA issued an Explanation of Significant Differences (ESD) to modify part ofthe remedy described in the 1996 ROD The purpose ofthe ESD was to modify the xylene cleanup goal for ground water from 20 micrograms per liter (|JgL) per the Florida secondary maximum contaminant level (MCL) to 10000 (igL per the State and federal primary MCL Secondary MCLs are non-mandatory standards under the Superfund prograin and are not enforceable by EPA however they are a component of the State of Floridas drinking water statute State and federal primary MCLs are enforceable standards established to protect the public against consumption of drinking water that presents a risk to huinan health The ESD also called for continued monitoring ofthe effecfiveness ofthe xylene treatnient and for evaluation of further remedial actions should the presence of xylene a solvent mobilize residual soil pesticide contaminants into ground water

42 Remedy Implementation

Remedial design and remedial actions for soil sediment and ground water at the Site are being implemented by the Helena Chemical Company under a 1996 Unilateral Administrative Order An additional Consent Decree was filed in 2005 for EPA to recover past and future costs incurred and to require Helena Cheinical Conipany to pay EPA oversight costs at the Site and at a separate Site in South Carolina also owned by Helena Chemical Coinpany

Soil and Sediment Source Control

In 1999 additional grid-based sampling was conducted in the xylene source area (east of the East Warehouse building) to detemiine the boundaries for the soil removal excavation Bench-scale studies were performed by EPAs Ecosystems Research Division and EPAs Science and Ecosystems Support Division to investigate the effectiveness of incorporating zero-valent iron in soil to facilitate abiotic degradation of chlorinated pesticides These studies were implemented in 1999 but were tenninated early due to lack of measurable COC degradation Helena Chemical Company then explored the option of using the Xenorein bioremediation process which had been successfijlly implemented on the adjacent Stauffer Chemical Co (Tampa) Superfund site The extent of contamination prevented direct application ofthe Xenorem approach at the Site Helena Chemical Conipany learned however that an off-site disposal facility the Waste Management Inc hazardous waste treatment facility in Carlyss Louisiana (facility nuniber LAD0007772010P1) had been authorized to bioremediate wastes in July 1998 and could potentially accept the excavated Site materials for bioremediafion at the off-site facility EPA approved the change from on-site to off-site treatinent and disposal of contaminated soil and sediment in a letter dated Febmary 14 2000

The 1996 ROD had also stipulated LTTD as a contingency soil treatment should biological treatinent be ineffective EPA requested this contingency be explored in 1999 Helena Chemical Coinpany retained Focus Environmental Inc to perfonn the evaluation ofthe contingency treatinent The evaluation concluded that LTTD was not a practical remedy for the Site primarily due to concems related to elevated sulfijr concentrations in

20

soil which would require air pollution controls to remove acid gas generated by the treatnient as well as space limitations on the Site which would not pemiit an efficient layout and operafion ofthe treatment and material handling units

In 2000 Helena Chemical Conipany excavated 7700 tons of pesticide-contaminated soil fi-om the Site including the xylene source area and an additional 600 tons of pesticide-contaminated soil and sediment from the drainage ditch area along the CSX railway right-of-way just south ofthe Site Soil was transported to the Waste Manageinent Inc facility in Carlyss Louisiana for bioremediation andoff-site disposal Surface soils were excavated to a depth of two feet According to the 1996 ROD the water table in the area fluctuates between two and four feet bgs Therefore the excavation of surface soils to two feet bgs would address soil contaminafion above the water table but not contaniination existing below the water table The excavation areas were lined with an --indicator fabric prior to backfilling the areas with clean inaterials and seeded with grass where appropriate

Delineation activifies to detemiine the extent of sulfur contaniination in the fonner sulfur pit area were perfonned from 2001 through 2003 and remedial work was perfomied in two separate phases A metal building covering much ofthe area where sulfijr remedial work was to be perfonned was dismanfled and transported offsite for recycling During phase 1 remedial work performed in 2004 soil and concrete were excavated from the elevated loading dock area and the west side ofthe tank fann for off-site treatinent and disposal During phase II remedial work perfonned in 2005 soil and concrete were excavated from the northem tank fann and fonner warehouse boundaries Approximately 3000 tons of soil and crystallized (fomierly molten) sulfur were removed during the 2004 and 2005 removal activities and also shipped to the Waste Management Inc facility in Carlyss Louisiana for off-site disposal

The 2005 ESD changed the xylene ground water cleanup goal from 20 |JgL to 10000 ^gL Since the presence of xylene in ground water could mobilize residual pesticide contamination in soil into ground water the ESD included post-treatment monitoring of the xylene area This monitoring includes all COCs established in the 1996 ROD and a specific assessment of whether the remaining xylene concentrations are sufficiently low to ensure that cosolvency is not facilitating the transport of residual pesticides that might be lingering in the soil If cosolvency is found to be mobilizing residual pesticide contaminants fi-om soil to ground water this assessment will be used to detennine whether further active treatment of xylene to below the federal and state primary standard is necessary

Ground Water

The ground water remedy described in the 1996 ROD has not yet been implemented at the Site due to discovery of contaminafion and investigations at the adjacent Alaric Site and concems that the selected remedy would potentially cause further contaminafion of the aquifer systems Altemative ground water treatments are currently being investigated in the pilot-scale treatability study underway at the Site Supplemental data collection and

21

ground water plume delineafion studies began in 1998 Ground water sampling perfonned in existing surficial aquifer and intemiediate aquifer system monitoring wells in Febmary 1998 resulted in the installation of additional surficial aquifer wells south of the Site to further delineate the nature and extent of contaniination The results ofthis study also detemiined the need for further investigation of ground water contamination in the xylene area (location of 1977 release immediately east ofthe East Warehouse on the Site Figure 3) in the sulfijr area (locafion ofthe fonner sulfiir pit in central courtyard on the Site Figure 3) and in the intemiediate aquifer system

Field activities to address the recommendations ofthe Febmary 1998 investigation were implemented in April 2001 Eight additional monitoring wells (MW-24 through MW-31 Figure 2) were installed south and east ofthe Site on City of Tampa rights-of-way to monitor the extent of contamination in the surficial aquifer Contamination was also identified in shallow areas ofthe intermediate aquifer system Ground water sampling and supplemental field activities were perfonned from October 2002 through January 2003 These activities included intennediate aquifer invesfigations xylene source area invesfigations downgradient surficial aquifer monitoring well installation and sulfur area invesfigations Additional intermediate aquifer system monitoring wells (MW-32 and MW-33 Figure 2) were installed along Orient Road during a November 2002 comprehensive ground water sampling event The new wells were installed to provide intemiediate monitoring points for xylene pesficide and herbicide contamination

While the 2002 and 2003 field acfivities were being perfonned significant chlorinated solvent contamination from the adjacent Alaric Site was discovered in both the surficial aquifer and intennediate aquifer systems this contamination was commingling with the westem portion ofthe Sites ground water plume The implementation ofthe ground water pump-and-treat remedy selected for the Site had the potential to exacerbate contaminant plume migration from the Alaric Site For this reason EPA detennined that implementation ofthe pump-and-treat remedy for the Site should be delayed until delineation and remediation ofthe surficial aquifer at the Alaric Site is completed

Additional comprehensive ground water sampling events were perfonned in May 2005 to provide a baseline for water quality following complefion ofthe sulfur area removal acfions and in December 2006 to detennine current condifions across the monitoring well network Selected wells were also sampled in March August and November 2007 and January 2008 to gauge the overall effectiveness ofthe sulfur area removal in addressing source contaminafion ofthe surficial aquifer Given the probability that the selected pump-and-treat remedy for ground water at the Site would be incompatible with ground water treatnient activities being designed at the adjacent Alaric Site several altemafive management approaches to address ground water contamination in the sulfur area and associated plume were explored

In June 2009 Helena Chemical Conipany presented EPA with a Pilot Test and Interim Monitoring Work Plan to address ground water contamination without implementing the pump-and-treat remedy EPA approved the Work Plan in August 2009 and implementation began in August 2009 The pilot study is expected to last for one year

22

with an additional one-year contingency period The work plan addresses four critical areas of source control and monitoring the sulfur area the xylene area supplemental monitoring efforts and interim ground water monitoring activities while pilot testing is underway

Sulfijr Area Pilot Study

The pilot study objecfive in the sulfijr area is to detennine whether buffering pH and introducing zero-valent iron will allow natural degradation of benzene hexachloride (BHC) and sulfates in the source area through biological or physical mechanisms Low pH elevated sulfate and residual sulfiir in the sulfur area are thought to be inhibiting natural biological degradation processes and minimizing the physical attenuafion of contaminants within the aquifer-matrix which would typically occur through adsorpfion-and aqueous chemical reactions such as hydrolysis Given the residual sulfur in the soil which continues to act as a long-term source for sulfuric acid sulfate control was required in addition to pH controls Zero-valent iron was selected as the primary pilot study treatment technology for the sulfur area because it has been used effectively to facilitate abiofic degradation of BHCs is effecfive at moderating pH and acts as an oxygen scavenger limiting any future oxidafion of residual sulfur in the soil Additional neutralization with lime andor hydroxides and biological sulfate reduction may also be utilized to control pH levels if necessary

Two sulfur study areas known as the East Plot and the West Plot have been implemented in the central courtyard ofthe Site on either side ofthe fomier sulfur pit location (Figure 3) Each plot consists of eight injection wells Cheinical injections were administered in the third quarter of 2009 and sampling is being conducted at 60-day interals for the 360 days following the injections

Xylene Area Pilot Study

The xylene pilot test was designed to gauge the effectiveness of anaerobic biodegradatlon in degrading xylene and residual BHCs Total xylene concentrafions have declined since the 2000 soil removal action in the former xylene tank area but have remained above cleanup goals Site conditions such as low pH lack of nutrients and lack of electron accepting substrates (eg nitrate iron and sulfate) were thought to be limiting xylene and BHC degradadon The pilot test also sought to increase degradation rates without introducing treatments that would complicate efforts in the adjacent sulfijr pilot study bull area so the xylene treatinent was designed in consideration ofthe existing anaerobic Site conditions

One xylene pilot study area was implemented in the fonner xylene tank area (Figure 3) The plot includes six injection wells and 12 monitoring wells The first round of nutrient and electron acceptor substrate injections was perfonned in the third quarter of 2009 and the second round of injections was perfomied in the fourth quarter of 2009 As with the sulfijr pilot study area sampling is being conducted at 60-day intervals for the 360 days following the first round of injections

23

Monitoring Acfivities

Supplemental monitoring efforts in the work plan include installation of monitoring wells on the Fesfive Floats property located directly south ofthe Site on the opposite side of the CSX railway tracks and addifional investigation to detemiine the northem extent of low pH and elevated sulfate and BHC concentrations Until a revised ground water remedy is selected for the Site interini ground water monitoring activities in both the surficial and intermediate aquifer systems will include sampling every nine months to assess seasonal variability in concentrations and monitor for any changes in COC concentrations

24

Figure 3 Map of Pilot Study Area

r

SWTBD

swTZD s w n u

StfT-HD A I ^ raquoswr3u SWTU

swrsu

West Warehouse

SETTO SET1U

SET3U SETD A y A J

I SETSD

sensD raquo SETsu

5ET7U

X40

XI6D

^^xth 7 -^ ^IZD-- ^

_ X S U X8D B^=^X12tJ bull bull X l fU

X8U xi f lD

Legend

bull Surflclat Adulter Sulfur Arlaquoa P M Test Wall

Surlicii i AquHler Xylene Area Ptky Test Ir^ctnsn MHI

bull Suifidal Aquilei Xylene Area Pikx Tesl Monilming Well

I Sile Bounoaiv J Fee 90 too

L 7WL o NORTH

Figure 3 Site Map

Pilot Study Areas

Helena Chemical Company Superfund Site Tampa Hillsborough County Flonda

Disclaimer This map and any boundary lines within the map are approximate and subject to change The map is not a survey The map is for informational purposes only regarding EPAs response actions at the Site and is not intended for any other purpose

25

43 Operation and Maintenance (OampM)

The 1996 ROD anticipated that the ground water pump-and-treat system would be operated at the Site for a 30-year period and estimated that OampM ofthe system would cost $1289000 over the course ofthe 30 years The ground water remedy selected in the 1996 ROD has not yet been implemented due to developments at the adjacent Alaric Site and ongoing pilot testing at the Site As remedial activities continue with pilot testing there are no OampM acfivities undei-way at the Site and the activities to be addressed in a site OampM plan will depend on the future revised remedy for ground water for the Site

26

50 Progress Since the Last Five-Year Review

The protectiveness statement from the 2006 FYR for the Site stated the following

77^ remedy implemenled at the [Helena Chemical Company Tampa Site currently protects human health and the environment because source area actions implemented for pesticide-contaminated soil and the sulfur pit source area have been completed during this review period Additional evaluations of low pH conditions will be performed to assess the need for supplemental neutralization in conjunction with future groundwater actions No remedial actions for groundwater have been implemented at this time Site data evaluations and remedy evaluations will ensure the remedy will be protective In the interim exposure pathways that could result in unacceptable risks are incomplete Conditions-at the site are not expected to change in the near future given the area s land use (commercialindustrial) However in order for the remedy to be protective in the long term the following actions need to be taken a full evaluation ofthe need for deed reslriclions and if necessary they will be imposed

The 2006 FYR included three issues and recommendafions Table 3 summarizes each recommendation and its current status

Table 3 Progress on Recommendations from the 2006 FYR

Section

51

Recommendations

EPA FDEP and Helena Chemical Company will discuss ground water remedy issues including the need for fijrther assessment of natural attenuation processes Dialogue will generate a priority list for evaluation identify evaluation teclmiques and establish an evaluation timetable Ground water remedy discussions will be initiated by the second quarter of 2006

Parties Responsible

EPA FDEP Helena

Chemical Company

Milestone Date

4302006

Action Taken and Ontcome

Discussions between EPA FDEP and Helena Chemical Company have resulted in the development of a pilot testing work plan to explore treatment options for enliancing biological and physical degradation processes This pilot study was initiated in August 2009

Date of Action

08312009

27

Section

52

53

Recommendations

EPA FDEP and Helena Chemical Company will evaluate ylene source area issues Discussions will include prioritization of any additional RD activities evaluation of remedial cleanup goals etc Xylene remedy discussions will be initiated by the first quarter of 2006

Helena Chemical Company will evaluate the requirements for implementing deed restrictions on the property and whether any remedy-specific requirements must be incorporated into the institutional control A fiill evaluation ofthe need for deed restrictions will be made and if necessary they will be imposed This evaluation will be completed by the fourth quarter of 2006

Parties Responsible

EPA FDEP Helena

Chemical Company

Helena Chemical Company

Milestone Date

4302006

12312006

Action Taken and Outcome-

Pilot test program discussions between EPA FDEP and Helena Chemical Company have resulted in the development of a work plan to explore effectiveness of anaerobic degradation of xylene and BHCs This pilot study was initiated in August 2009

EPA and FDEP are is discussions regarding the restrictive covenant for the Sites soil in order to prevent exposure Land use zoning is consistent vvith soil cleanup criteria and land use is not anticipated to change in the foreseeable future Ground water institutional controls are enforced through an EPA Memorandum of Agreement with the Southwest Florida Water Management District

Date of Action

08312009

Pending

51 Ground Water Remedy Discussions

The ground water pump-and-treat remedy selected in the 1996 ROD has not been implemented due to potential complications arising from commingling ofthe Sites ground water contaminants with those from the adjacent Alaric Site A Pilot Study and Interini Monitoring Work Plan was approved by EPA and implementation began in August 2009 The Work Plan describes the investigafion of chemical injecfions to enhance and facilitate natural physical and biological degradation rates for contaminants in the sulfiir area and in the xylene area The study is designed to assess the following questions

bull Is degradation occurring under pilot conditions

bull Can aquifer geochemistry be adjusted to facilitate remediafion

bull What is the longevity of amendments being injected

28

bull What zone of discharge is developed following injection and what is the expected duration ofthe zone of discharge

The study was scheduled to continue for 12 months with a contingency period of another 12 months if necessary At the conclusion ofthe study these questions will be addressed to detennine next steps in selecting an appropriate ground water remedy for the Site A final report documenting the effecfiveness ofthe first full year ofthe treatability study was not available at the fime this FYR report was drafted therefore a decision regarding whether to implement the additional 12 month contingency period had also not been made

52 Xylene Source Area Discussions

As noted in Section 51 EPA approved the Pilot Study and Interini Monitoring Work Plan in 2009 Per the Work Plan two rounds of nutrient and electron acceptor substrate were injected in the xylene area in late 2009 The injections are expected to enhance natural degradafion rates of xylene and BHCs sampling is being conducted every 60 days The study was scheduled to continue for 12 months with a contingency period of another 12 months if necessary A final report documenting the effectiveness ofthe first full year ofthe treatability study was not available at the time this FYR report was drafted therefore a decision regarding whether to implement the additional 12 month contingency period had also not been made

53 Institutional Controls Evaluation

At the request of FDEP the appropriate land use restrictions for the Site has not been yet been implemented While the ground water remedy is being assessed some interim institutional controls to protect against exposure to ground water contamination have been implemented The Site is presently surrounded by a secured perimeter fence that only pennits access to the property by authorized persons during regular business hours Helena Chemical Company intends to continue Site operations for the foreseeable future and does not intend to sell or lease the property so there is minimal potential for a party to unknowingly become exposed to Site soil or sediment contaniination or to impact the protectiveness ofthe remedial actions already in place The operating facility parcel is zoned light industrial the three Helena Woods parcels are zoned as either vacant land or as a mobile home park The local Planning Commission anticipates all four parcels will be zoned for heavy industrial use in the future which remains consistent with the industrial criteria used in selection of cleanup goals for the Site

EPA has also taken steps to limit the potential for exposure to contaminated Site ground water while ground water treatment pilot testing activities are completed In September 2008 EPA Region 4 and the Southwest Florida Water Management District (SWFWMD) entered into a Memorandum of Agreement regarding Site ground water Per the agreement EPA provides SWFWMD with infonnation regarding the area of ground water impacted or potentially impacted by the Site and SWFWMD acts as the regulatory authority to implement and enforce ground water use restrictions at and near

29

the Site The ground water area impacted by the Site is designated as Zone A marking the contamination zone and Zone B marking a buffer area surrounding Zone A The agreement stipulates that EPA must conduct a well survey of Zones A and B at least once every five years to identify any new wells constructed or operafing since the previous survey EPA remedial project manager (RPM) Galo Jackson conducted the first well survey concurrenfiy with the FYR Site inspection and identified two wells (Figure 2) One well was located along East 9 Avenue on the EQ Florida property in Zone A The second well was located along East 7 Avenue on the RampL Metals property in Zone B SWFWMD was notified of these wells in September 2010 The well in Zone A is currenUypemiitted for industrial use by EQ Florida and the well in Zone B has been plugged and abandoned on the RampL Metals property

SWFWMD has the authority to impose reasonable condifions necessary to protect the applicable water source and to prevent the spread of ground or surface water contaminafion For well construcfion pennits such conditions include prohibiting use of the well as a potable water supply requiring notice to well owners of potential ground water contamination or requiring specific methods ofconstruction Under Florida Administrafive Code (FAC) Rule 40D-3505(3) SWFWMD will deny an application for a well construction pemiit for activity in Zone A if use ofthe well would increase the potential for hanii to public health safety and welfareor if the proposed well would degrade the water quality ofthe aquifer by causing pollutants to spread

30

60 Five-Year Review Process

61 Administrative Components

EPA Region 4 initiated the FYR in May 2010 and scheduled its completion for January 2011 The EPA site review team was led by EPA RPM Galo Jackson and also included EPA site attomey Kevin Beswick EPA Community Involvement Coordinator (CIC) LTonya Spencer and contractor support provided to EPA by Christy Fielden and Sabrina Foster of E Inc In May 2010 EPA held a scoping call with the review team to discuss the Site and itenis of interest as they related to the protectiveness ofthe remedy cunently in place A review schedule was established that consisted ofthe following activities

Community notification Document review Data collection and review Site inspection Local interviews FYR Report development and review

62 Community Involvement

In January 2011 a public notice was published in the Tampa Tribune announcing the commencement ofthe FYR process for the Site providing contact information for RPM Galo Jackson and CIC LTonya Spencer and invifing community participation was published The press notice is available in Appendix B The FYR report will be made available to the public once it has been finalized Copies ofthis docunient will be placed in the designated site repository University of South Florida Library located at 4202 East Fowler Avenue Tampa Florida 33620 Upon completion ofthe FYR a public notice will be placed in the Tampa Tribune to announce the availability ofthe final FYR report in the Sites document repository

63 Document Review

This FYR included a review of relevant site-related documents including the ROD remedial action reports and recent monitoring data A complete list ofthe documents reviewed can be found in Appendix A

ARARs Review

Section 121(d)(2)(A) of CERCLA specifies that Superfund remedial actions must meet any federal standards requirements criteria or limitations that are detennined to be applicable or relevant and appropriate requirements (ARARs) ARARs are those standards criteria or limitations promulgated under federal or state law that specifically address a hazardous substance pollutant contaminant remedial action locafion or other circumstance at a CERCLA site To-Be-Considered criteria (TBCs) are non-promulgated

31

advisories and guidance that are not legally binding but should be considered in detennining the necessary level of cleanup for protection of human health or the environment While TBCs do not have the status of ARARs EPAs approach to detemiining ifan RA is protective of hunian health and the environment involves consideration of TBCs along with ARARs

Chemical-specific ARARs are specific numerical concentration restrictions on individually listed contaminants in specific media Examples of chemical-specific ARARs include the MCLs specified under the Safe Drinking Water Act as well as the ambient water quality criteria enumerated under the Clean Water Act Because there are usually numerous contaminants of potential concem for any Site various numerical quanfity requirements can be ARARs The final remedy selected for this Site was designed to meet or exceed all chemical-specific ARARs and meet location- and action-specific ARARs

Ground Water

According to the 1996 ROD cleanup goals for the nine ground water COCs were selected to ensure that remaining ground water concentrations would not exceed the 1 x 10~ risk level for carcinogens a Hazard Quotient (HQ) of 1 for non-carcinogens under an industrial land use scenario The cleanup goals for 44-DDT endosulfan 1 and endosulfan II were selected based on health-based criteria The site-specific health-based cleanup goal for 44-DDT was less stringent than Floridas ground water guidance and the ROD notes that the cleanup goal may need to be revisited in the future to obtain FDEPs agreement with deletion ofthe Site from the NPL upon completion of cleanup activities

Cleanup goals for aldrin alpha-BHC beta-BHC and dieldrin were based on the Florida Groundwater Guidance Concentration which is a TBC for the Site The cleanup goal for total xylene listed in the 1996 ROD was selected based on the State secondary MCL but was later modified in the 2005 ESD to be consistent with federal and State primary MCLs The cleanup goal for gamma-BHC was selected based on federal and State MCLs

The ARARs for aldrin alpha-BHC beta-BHC and dieldrin were compared to the current Florida Groundwater and Surface Water Contaminant Cleanup Target Levels (62 FAC 777) which is the cuirent State guidance on acceptable ground water contaminant concentrations (Table 4) The ARARs for all four of these COCs have become more stringent since the signing ofthe 1996 ROD The cleanup goals for gamma-BHC and total xylene were compared with National Primary Drinking Water regulations (40 CFR 141-143) and FDEP Drinking Water Standards Monitoring and Reporting Requirements (62 FAC 550310) The cleanup goals for gamma-BHC and total xylene remain the same as in the 1996 ROD and 2005 ESD respectively This review did not find that the assumptions used in calculation ofthe site-specific health-based cleanup goals for 44-DDT endosulfan I and endosulfan II had changed

32

Table 4 Previous and 2010 ARARs for Ground Water COCs

Contaminant of Concern bull bull bull bull ^ - gt J j J bull

44-DDT Aldrin Alpha-BHC Beta-BHC Gamma-BHC Dieldrin Endosulfan I Endosulfan II Total xvlenes

1996 ROD ARAROigL)

03 005 005 01 02 01 2 2

20

2005 ESD ARAR (ugL) r

mdash -mdash mdash mdash mdash mdash mdash

10000

2010 ARAR (UgL)

03 0002 0006 002 02-

0002= 2 7

10000

ARAR Change y - y bull

None More Stringent More Stringent More Stringent

None More Stringent

None None None

a Site-specific health-based standaid selecled to ensure tlial remaining ground waler concenirations would nol exceed lhe 1 x 10 risk level for carcinogens an HQ of 1 Ior non-carcinogens or the inslRimenl quantitation limit under an industrial land use scenaiio

b Cleanup goal selecled based on Florida Groundwater Guidance Concenlralion which is a TBC for ihc Sile c Cleanup goal selecled based on federal and Florida MCLs d Cleanup goal selected based on Florida secondary MCLs e Florida Groundwater and Surface Waler Cleanup Target Levels are available al

lmpAvwwdepslatenuswasicqiiick ionicsrulcsdocunieiils62-777TablelGroundwalciCTLs4-l 7-05ndllaccessed 8122010) A comparison of Floridas 1999 and 2005 Groundwater and Surface Waler Cleanup Target Levels is available al hllpu-vvvvdenslatenuswaslequick lopicsnublicalionswcbrownlicldsConipTabiesGroundwalerandSurli ccVValerCieaniipTartJelL evelspdf

f Cunent MCLs are based on federal (40 CFR 141-1431 and slate (62 FAC 550310) drinking waler slandards Federal standards are based on Nalional Primary and Secondaiy Drinking Waler Maximum Contaminant Levels (IU(p7valcrcpacovdrinkconlaininanlsindexcrniSLisi accessed S122010) and slale standards are based on Florida Slale Drinking Waler Synthetic Organic Conlajuinanls and their Slandards (hU|iwwwdcpslalciluswalerdrinkinswalersvn conlum accessed S122010)

g Gamma-BHC is lisied as lindane in federal and state MCLs

64 Data Review

Confinnatory sampling for the 2000 pesticide area removal action and for the 2004 and 2005 sulfijr area removal actions was perfonned immediately following the removals Surface soil and sediment with COC concentrations above industrial use cleanup goals had been effectively removed and no further sampling or OampM activities are required for surface soil and sediment

Ground water pilot test activities cunently underway include baseline sampling and four subsequent sampling events for the sulfur area (Table 5) and the xylene area (Table 6) The treatability study sampling events have been implemented as follows

Baseline sampling in August 2009 60-Day Event sampling in November 2009 120-Day Event sampling in January 2010 180-Day Event sampling in March 2010 and 240-Day Event sampling in May 2010

The pilot test is invesfigating methods for the biological and physical degradation of Site contaminants Follow-up sampling analyzes various aqueous geochemical parameters in addition to contaminant concentrations Per the EPA-approved work plan routine sampling analyses include four of the nine ground water COCs alpha-BHC beta-BHC

33

gamma-BHC and total xylenes in addition to various other contaminants and break-down products

In both the sulfur area and the xylene area ground water concentrations of alpha-BHC beta-BHC and gamma-BHC have predominantly remained consistent with baseline sampling levels and largely remain elevated above cleanup goals for the Site In the sulfur area total xylene concentrations in ground water when detected are well below the cleanup goal of 10000 igL The xylene release at the Site occurred downgradient from the fomier sulfur pit and these low concentrations of xylene are consistent with expectations for this area In the xylene area total xylene concentrations are responding to the treatment showing declines below the cleanup goal in several wells (eg X3U X5U X9U and XI IU) but showing increasing concentrations in other wells (eg X6D X7U and X8D) Only data fromthe first nine months ofthe treatability study were mdash available at the time this FYR report was being drafted detennination ofthe effectiveness of these treatments must wait until the study has been completed

Ofthe site-related VOCs present in the ground water plume only xylene and possibly ethylbenzene are present in the surficial aquifer and poses a potential vapor intrusion concem Remedial contractor EnSafe Inc included an updated total xylene plume map as Figure 5-5 in the 2009 Pilot Test and Interim Monitoring Work Plan This figure shows that concentrations at or above the xylene ground vater cleanup goal are located on the Helena Chemical Conipany property along the CSX Railroad right-of-way or under the railroad tracks The few buildings within this plume area are open-sided warehouse structures on the Helena Chemical Company property and thus a vapor intmsion assessment has not been necessary

Table 5 Sulfur Area Pilot Test COC Detections in Ground Water to Date

Well Sampled

Sampling Event

(Cleanup Goal)

COCs and Detected Concentrations (pgL)

Alpha-BHC

(005 pgL)

Beta-BHC -yy (01 pgL)

Gamma-BHC

(02 pgL)

Total Xylenes

(10000 pgL)

Ecw Plot Wells

SETIU

SET2D

SET3U

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

23 D

31

17

19

24

44 D

39

26

26

38

22

19

33 J

36 1

4

25

29

12 D

045

056

059

086

3

41

43 J

68

42

57

52

11 D

066

044

047

07

55

39 1

191

NA

0461

NA

31

U

NA

033 I

NA

082

58

NA

34

J y -Well

Sampled

SET4D

SET5U

SET6D

SET7U

SET8D

Sampling Event

(Cleanup Goal)

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

1 so-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

y y j COCs and Detected Concentrations (pgL)

Alpha-BHC

(005 pgL)

17

17

28

41 D

62

37

3

37

21 D

bull 17

13

26

34

97 D

46

44

28

63

12

14

11

11

14

47

36

32

39

47

Beta-BHC

(OI pgL)

33

21

3

061 J

15

094

0461

- 068

36

41

47

4

61

12

12

095

078 1

075

13

16 1

13

15

15

087

073

064

08 1

076

Gamma-BHC

(02 pgL)

44

341

57

074 J

087

12

046 1

- - 052

39

37 1

31

51

48

11

082 1

05

04 1

043

32

27

28

23

28

1

14

11

1 I

095

Total Xylenes

(10000 pgL)

86

NA

7

171

NA

11 1

NA

036

64

NA

3

NA

39

25

NA

76

NA

56

21

NA

35

NA

15

U

NA

33

NA

17

laquocv Plot Wells

SWTIU

SWT2D

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

1 so-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

19 IJ

099

14

13

22

048 J

U

U

0031

063 J

053

052

06

075

023 J

U

U

014

U

032

038

03

059

U

U

U

000941

U

NA

U

NA

U

0441

NA

07 1

NA

35

Well Sampled

SWT3U

SWT4D

SWT5U

SWT6D

SWT7U

SWT8D

-bull i

Sampling Event

(Cleanup Goal)

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

COCs and Detected Concentrations (pgL)

Alpha-BHC

(005 pgL)

U

075 J

18

13

14

22

073

018 --

U

U

U

51

U

16

41

18

037 J

073

056

057

061

039

029

045

059

073

028

02

015

016

011

Beta-BHC

(01 pgL)

U

021

079

035

033

047

036

- 0094

U

U

U

26

23

093

022 1

036

029 1

033

022

U

026

03

039

047

057

051

U

013

011

U

0056

Gamtiia-BHC

(02 pgL)

U

u 029

0084

019

022

U

012

011

012

U

24

24

08

052

U

U

0031 I

U

U

U

U

U

u u u u

00171

002 I J

U

U

Total Xylenes

(10000 pgL)

U n

NA

U

NA

069

U

NA

U

NA

U

72

NA

73

NA

60

36

NA

U

NA

U

U

NA

U

NA

U

92

NA

U

NA

U

D value reported from second diluiion 1 eslimaled valuebelow reporting limil J eslimaled value NA nol analyzed U undetected fitilic- COC was detected bul concentration was below cleanup goal

36

Table 6 Xylene Area Pilot Test COC Detections in Ground Water to Date

yy-

J j Well Sampled

XIU

X2D

X3U

X4D

X5U

X6D

X7U

Sampling Event

(Cleanup Goal)

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

_Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

COCs and Detected Concentrations (pgL)

Alpha-BHC

(005 pgL)

8 D

NA

NA

56

NA

71

NA

NA

58 J

NA

15D

NA

NA

15

NA

12D

NA

NA

23

NA

78 D

NA

NA

44 J

NA

52 D

NA

NA

28 J

NA

61 D

NA

NA

46

NA

Beta-BHC

(01 pgL)

19 D

NA

NA

13 J

NA

17

NA

NA

17J

NA

3 J

NA

NA

36

NA

13J

NA

NA

13 1

NA

093 ID

NA

NA

08 J

NA

091 ID

NA

NA

07 J

NA

12D

NA

NA

089

NA

Gamma-BHC

(02 pgL)

U

NA

NA

U

NA

071 I

NA

NA

14 J

NA

046 J

NA

NA

bull056

NA

42 J

NA

NA

82

NA

U

NA

NA

O I J

NA

38 D

NA

NA

2 J

NA

U

NA

NA

U

NA

Total Xylene

(10000 pgL)

200

13

11

23

29

180

56

54

150

42

23000

11000

13000

1400

4500

19000

12000

19000

22000

15000

18000

21000

20000

3200

13000

3000

1100

6000

40000

3000

24000

31000

37000

81000

34000

37

Well Sampled

X8D

X9U

bull XIOD

X l l U

X12D

Sampling Event

(Cleanup Goal)

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

COCs and Detected Concentrations (pgL)

Alpha-BHC

(005 pgL)

57

NA

NA

21 J

NA

39

NA

NA

53

NA

43

NA

NA

59

NA

81

NA

NA

49

NA

39

NA

NA

56

NA

Beta-BHC

(01 pgL)

14

NA

NA

018 U

NA

021 I

NA

NA

026 J

NA

049

NA

NA

061 I

NA

097

NA

NA

075 1

NA

064 1

NA

NA

093 ID

NA

Gamma-BHC

(02 pgL)

12

NA

NA

057 U

NA

025 1

NA

NA

017 J

NA

45

NA

NA

7

NA

U

NA

NA

U

NA

16

NA

NA

34

NA

Total Xylene

(10000 pgL)

960

7100

27000

19000

5700

22000

14000

35000

2700

950

770

260

780

760

540

14000

3800

1600

600

11000

4900

250

I I00

5800

9300 D value reponed from second dilution 1 eslimaled value below reponing limit J estimated value NA nol analyzed U not applicable Ilalics COC was delecled bul concenlralion was below cleanup goal

38

65 Site Inspection

On July 8 2010 the site inspection was perfomied by the following participants Galo Jackson of EPA Region 4 Edward Brister ofthe Helena Chemical Coinpany and Christy Fielden and Sabrina Foster of E~ Inc The completed Site inspection checklist is available in Appendix D Photographs were taken of site features including monitoring wells and access controls (Appendix E)

The Site has been in continuous operation since 1929 as an agricultural chemical manufacturing and distributing facility The bulk of chemical fonnulation activifies have been moved off-site to a different Helena Cheinical Coinpany facility in Georgia however some formulation and packaging of insecticidal spray oil and liquid fertilizers still occur at the Site The Site also serves as Helena Chemical Companys main-distribution warehouse for sales locations in the State of Florida

The Site inspection was led by Mr Ed Brister the Engineering Safety Health and Environment Director for the Helena Chemical Company who provided a tour ofthe full Helena Chemical Coinpany property indicating where remedial actions had been implemented and explaining the locations and associated activifies of current pilot testing for the ground water treatability study Several monitoring and injection wells were located during the Site inspection all active site wells were properly secured or had been appropriately abandoned Injection and monitoring wells for the adjacent Alaric Site were noted on the Helena Woods area ofthe Site but were not inspected since they are related to a different site The Site is well maintained and has a secure perimeter fence and clear signage in place Unauthorized persons are restricted from accessing the property outside of regular business hours

Evaluation and implementafion of institutional controls were discussed during the Site inspection Several interim institutional controls have been implemented for the Site and final institutional controls including land use restrictions will be evaluated and implemented if necessary once the current pilot-scale ground water remedy treatability study has concluded and a revised ground water remedy has been selected Zoning designations and the Helena Chemical Companys intention to continue operations at the Site for the foreseeable future liniit the potential for inappropriate land uses or on-site operations incompatible with remedy components in place EPA has also implemented ground water institutional controls through a Memorandum of Agreement with SWFWMD

On July 7 2010 E Inc staff conducted research regarding Site deed infonnation at the Hillsborough County Deed Records Office The approximately eight-acre Site is situated on four parcels of land 1) 65-acre Parcel A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000220 2) 088-acre Parcel A-14-29-I9-4CA-000000-000320 3) 092-acre Parcel A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000330 and 4) 017-acre Parcel A-14-29-19-4CE-000003-000010 (Figure 4) Deed records for the four parcels could not be located in the online database or microfilm collection at the deeds office Galo Jackson EPA RPM for the Site was infonned that the deeds could not be located and conducted a title search for the property through EPA

39

databases but was also unable to locate deed records According to the Hillsborough County Property Appraisers Office all four parcels are presently owned by Helena Chemical Company The active cheinical distribufion warehouse is located on Parcel A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000220

On July 8 2010 E Inc staff visited the designated local Site repository at the University of South Florida Library located at 4202 East Fowler Avenue Tampa Florida 33620 as part ofthe site inspection The site repository contained fourteen volumes of administrative documents and other infonnation pertaining to the Site This infomiation included documentation ofthe initial remedial investigation and feasibility study as well as a copy ofthe 1996 ROD The 2005 ESD and 2006 FYR could not be located at the time ofthe Site inspection but were provided to the library by RPM Galo Jackson on January 212011

The 1996 ROD called for institutional controls to be put in place as part of both the soil and sediment remedy and the ground water remedy (Table 7) According to the ROD soil and sediment institutional controls were to include deed restrictions Fencing was to provide an engineering control The Site is presently surrounded by a secured perimeter fence and access gates are locked outside of nonnal business hours The operating facility parcel is currently zoned as light industrial and the Helena Woods parcels are zoned as vacant land and a mobile home park The local Planning Commission anficipates rezoning all four parcels for heavy industrial use The fiature anficipated land use is consistent with the industrial exposure criteria used in the selection of Site cleanup goals The ROD also called for deed restrictions to restrict the use of site-impacted ground water on and off the Site in order to limit exposure to contaminated ground water until cleanup goals are achieved EPA and FDEP are in discussions regarding the restrictive covenant in order to prevent fijture exposure to Site soil A 2008 Memorandum of Agreement between EPA Region 4 and SWFWMD addresses the need to restrict the use of site-related ground water The agreement establishes regular communication between the two agencies and affinns SWFWMDs regulatory authority to implement and enforce ground water use restrictions at the Site This authority addresses well constmction pemiits restrictions on use of wells for potable water supply and requirements that well owners be notified of ground water contaniination that may impact their wells At the request ofthe FDEP once the treatability study is completed and a revised ground water remedy for the Site has been selected the need for additional ground water institutional controls will be reevaluated and the existing institutional controls will be modified or new institufional controls will be implemented as appropriate

40

Figure 4 Site Parcel Map

c

ir Pirtplm ( ^ r | [ i Vjrtrl ID ^r-iti-v-lt 14UtKu^iraquoiii 0

A u raquo114CA O cac i ao aociit o

1 U raquo 19 4CilltXXgt0la 000130

1laquo2raquo lraquo-CIltCT0lf7 0iraquo(l l

M laquo n lt ) laquo l lt raquo i i o D r poDin o bull i 4 m laquo - laquo i F o o a n i j - a x u ^ i

A 1lt 2 19 ICAdWOOO tUGStO

laquo bull raquo 2raquo 1laquo bullCtOOOOOI-OXWlO

laquollaquo-raquo-19-fCAltraquo)0CWgt-00Mlaquo C

A14-V41V( I 40uai IKAll lO

AM 29 1V4CE aJDOM aODIIlJ)

laquo Ll 29 raquo 2ZZ D a m B 7K1D9

laquobull I t-J ]9-4claquoltnnraquoiKnraquo o

A-i4-raquo-]laquoltif (KU)ittMraquoaii] u A 14 J 9 14 laquoCA IXHIraquoDC(Xrli t

A 14 29 1raquo 4CA OOOOOOOMUO

raquo 1 4 29-19-4CE OOOOOI-OWWO A- l J9- )bullbulllaquo s wnmn-flooiM t A 14-29- UI4ig4IOOM94UOraquolgt

A 14 2laquo 19 4C9 OODOOl 400070

M-raquo-H 4C8laquo)000(K)OOaj I

A r H - i S i v - t c A H n x i M m i i a i A^14)l|1laquo-t(jt-0(lIMCH3Xl^ I

14 2 raquo 19-4Cpound 000001000012

A U 29- U 4 a OOOOOKXWOl-O

raquo 14 29 19 -4a oaoooraquolaquo)oolaquoo

14 j m ^ c o o n w i ^ n o i o n

A-14-2ltl-tW l-UCtitKMfiOagtlil Atlt29 iraquo4(xiioaaoii-iioagtio

A 14 29 1raquo4CA DOaOOO-OOQlSJ

A-tlaquo ZHIUCA-IKOOIXMKICOZ 0

AH-Jlaquoltllaquoiiraquo-TOKIC8-0lltIlU 0

A-]429iezzz-i)iiaxB-7Moao

A 14 29 194CAlaquoXI00Ca0ata0

A 1429^ i9-4CA-iicaaixi-ooa2a 2

A14 29-19 4CHIOOlaquogt7KIlaquoIraquo 0

A-14 JV tlaquo-laquoii -uxiot-nnDi i

A14 2laquo ilaquo-4CAiiooacii]-aaoigo A 14 23 LO 4CMI00Oraquo OOOOlO

A 14 29-isacE-oooora-aotrao

A-t4-ii-lraquo-laquo A-ooooawwoK o

A lA-2V^lraquot(A-Igt]ltKcll-IIIiaiI I

A 14-29 19-raquoCf oocoos acooi-o

A 14 29 19 ACI OOmOl-OCOOll

A-W-29-19-4CI-aXK)07-OOOOTjO

Arl4-Jraquo llti-4n-O30O3V00COI c

A l4 2raquo l9 4Ulaquoraquo006-OOOa24l

A 14 29 19 4 a 000004 OOOOSjO

A 14 29-19-4CC-D0O00aOO0a3lCI

A t raquo 29-19-laquotA4laquoIO0OT-00CO9O

bull i4-2raquo^iltM( A-oniucu IXUltl 0

A 14 2raquo 19gt4CA4gt0O(ICa OOOISXI

A 14 raquo 1raquo4CA DOOOOO 00014 1

Legend

I Site Parcels

I ^ _ J site Boundary

AjiprowmatBBoundary o tSurfc ia l Aquiter Ground Whter Pfume |

Approximate Boundary of in tennedia te Aquieet Sys t em Ground w a t e r R u m e

A i Parcels

Helena Chemical Company Superfund Site Tampa Hillsborough County Florida

Disc la imer Th i s m a p and any b o u n d a r y l ines w i th in the m a p a re a p p r o x i m a t e a n d subject to c h a n g e T h e m a p is not a survey T h e m a p is for

informat ional pu rposes only r ega rd ing E P A s r e s p o n s e ac t ions at t h e Si te and is not in tended for any o the r purpose

41

Table 7 Institutional Control (IC) Summary Table

Media

Ground Water

Soil and Sediment

ICs Needed

Yes

Yes

ICs Called for in the Decision Documents

Yes

Yes

IC Objective

Restrict use of contaminated ground water to limit exposure until cleanup goals are achieved

Restrict land uses to industrial or similar

The 1996 ROD also listed fencing as an institutional control for soil and sed not been included above because it is considered an engineering control

Instrument in Place

The 1996 ROD called for deed notices as the institutional control instrument These have not been implemented However a 2008 Memorandum of Agreement between EPA and SWFWMD confirms SWFWMDs regulatory authority to restrict well constmction restrict well use as a potable water source and requiring that well owners benotified of ground water contamination that may impact their wells This authority applies to on-site parcels as well as off-site parcels covering the entire area affected by site-related ground water contamination

The land use restrictions called for in the 1996 ROD have not been implemented however Helena Chemical Company has maintained operations at the Site tliroughout remedial activities and intends to continue Site operations for the foreseeable future A restrictive covenant will be placed on the Site to ensure the Site is only used for industrial purposes The operating facility parcel is presently zoned for light industrial use and all four parcels will soon be rezoned for heavy industrial use which is consistent with the industrial exposure criteria used in selecting cleanup goals for the Site A secure perimeter fence restricts access to the Site limiting the potential for inadvertent soil exposure

ment source control however this has

42

66 Interviews

During the FYR process interviews were conducted with parties impacted by the Site including the current landowners and regulatory agencies involved in Site activities or aware ofthe Site The purpose ofthe interviews was to document the perceived status of the Site and any perceived problems or successes with the phases ofthe remedy that have been implemented to date Intei^views with Mr Jackson and Mr Brister were conducted during the site inspection on July 8 2010 Interviews with Ms Milicic and Ms Yeargan were conducted via e-mail on August 23 2010 and September 27 2010 respectively Several nearby businesses were also contacted but declined or did not have interest in being interviewed about the Site Interviews are summarized below and complete interviews are included in Appendix C

Galo Jackson Mr Jackson is the EPA RPM for the Site Mr Jackson indicates that a pilot-scale treatability study for site ground water is presently underway Results are being routinely shared with EPA and FDEP while there have been many challenges and it is still too early to detennine whether the treatments being explored can effecfively address ground water contamination he is hopeful that the treatments will be successful He has not received any complaints or inquiries from the community in the past five years and is not aware of any effects the Site may have had on the surrounding community He is pleased with the regular updates and infonnation he receives from the remedial contractor EnSafe Inc

Edward Brister Mr Brister is the Engineering Safety Health and Environinent Director for the Helena Chemical Conipany Mr Brister indicates that he is pleased with progress at the Site and believes that the remedial activities taken to date are perfomiing successfully He feels well infonned about activities and progress at the Site He does not know of any effects that the Site has had on the surrounding cominunity beyond the potential for Superfiind stigma which is common at many similar sites Mr Brister indicates that there is one residence in the area ofthe Site and that the owners a couple had expressed concems to him in the past He notes that the couple was temporarily relocated during removal activities in 2000 and again during sulfijr area removal actions in 2004 and 2005 Other than his discussions with the couple who were temporarily relocated he has not heard any complaints or concems from the cominunity regarding the Site

Karen Milicic Ms Milicic is the FDEP project manager for the Site Ms Milicic thinks that activities at the Site are making progress in addressing site COCs She is aware ofthe treatability study work that is presently underway and feels very well infonned regarding progress at the Site She believes that it is sfill too early to comment on the effectiveness ofthe current treatments being explored for ground water at the Site as the treatability study has not yet concluded She is not aware of any complaints or inquiries regarding the Site over the last five years

Mary Yeargan Ms Yeargan is the Environmental Protection Commission of Hillsborough County project manager for the Site Ms Yeargan has been involved at the

43

Site for many years and participated in the previous 2006 FYR site inspection She indicates that the Site is situated in an area that is impacted by multiple Superfijnd sites as well as other facilities that contribute to blight in the area She acknowledges that the Site may contribute to some more general community concems about the presence of Superfijnd sites in the area but she does not think that the Site specifically has been the source of concem within the larger area Since the 2006 FYR Ms Yeargan has received one complaint about potential ground water contaniination that a community member thought may have resulted from one ofthe area Superfund sites The well was tested by the Department of Public Health contamination was not detected in the sampling and the well was found to be safe for continued use She is not aware of any changes in laws or land use in the area that would impact the Site Given the shortage of lands available for heavy industrial uses she thinks it would be unlikely for the zoning ofthe parcels that compose the Site-to be changed to anything other than heavy industrial-She feels welf infomied about site activities and remains in regular communication as needed with EPA RPM Galo Jackson

44

70 Technical Assessment

71 Question A Is the remedy functioning as intended by the decision documents

The review of documents ARARs risk assumptions and the Site inspection indicate that the Sites soil remedy is functioning as intended by Site decision documents for soil and sediment Pesticide-contaminated surface soil and sediment at the Site and the adjacent CSX railway line east drainage ditch were excavated and shipped offsite for biological treatment and disposal Contaminated soil and residual sulfur were also excavated and shipped offsite for disposal Since there is commingling ofthe Sites ground water plumes with those ofthe adjacent Alaric Site the pump-and-treat ground water remedy selected in the 1996 ROD may not cunently be appropriate to implement at the Site until

- the Alaric Sites plumes have been remediated Helena Chemical Conipany proposed a pilot-scale treatability study to evaluate the feasibility of biological and physical ground water contaminant degradation The Work Plan for this treatability study was approved by EPA in August 2009 The study is currently underway and was scheduled to conclude by the fourth quarter of 2010 with a contingency period of another 12 months if necessary A final report documenting the effectiveness ofthe first fijll year ofthe treatability study was not available at the time this FYR report was drafted therefore a decision regarding whether to implement the additional 12 month contingency period had also not been made The final results ofthe treatability study will be used to infonn the selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site In the event that the treatability study is not successful EPA may consider additional avenues to approach remediation including additional excavation

The 1996 ROD selected the implementation of institutional controls in the form of deed restrictions for soil sediment and ground water to limit exposure to site-related contamination Fencing was also required by the 1996 ROD Land use restrictions have not been implemented for the Site however some interim institutional controls to protect against exposure to ground water contamination have been implemented Helena Chemical Company intends to confinue Site operations for the foreseeable future and has no intention to sell lease or transfer any portion ofthe Site Cunent and future zoning designations are consistent with the industrial land use criteria used in selection of Site COC cleanup goals In 2008 EPA entered into a Memorandum of Agreement with the SWFWMD The document confirms SWFWMDs regulatory authority to place restrictions on well placement and constmction Through shared infomiation between the two agencies SWFWMD can make infomied pennitting and enforcement decisions to prevent exposure to ground water contamination that could pose a risk to hunian health No impacted ground water wells are used for potable water buildings at the Site and in the surrounding area are connected to municipal water supply lines The need for additional institufional controls will be evaluated upon selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site

The Site is well-maintained and is surrounded by a secured perimeter fence with signs restricting access Access is limited to authorized persons during regular business hours

45

All site-related wells are secured or if no longer operational have been properly abandoned

72 Question B Are the exposure assumptions toxicity data cleanup levels and remedial action objectives (RAOs) used at the time of remedy selection still valid

The ARARs for four ofthe nine ground water COCs aldrin alpha-BHC beta-BHC and dieldrin have become more stringent since the signing ofthe 1996 ROD During the current ground water treatability study both alpha-BHC and beta-BHC have been detected at levels greater than the RODs less stringent cleanup goals for these COCs Remedial activities at the Site have allowed the continued industrial use ofthe property and have reduced ecological risk at the Site The selection of a revised ground water remedy is required before achieving the remaining two RAOs 1) protection of ground water from continued degradation by Site contaminants and 2) reduction of risk to human health within EPAs acceptable risk range Residual soil contamination remains present below the water table and the ground water plume continues to exceed cleanup goals The industrial land use at the Site and in the surrounding area is unchanged since the ROD was signed therefore the exposure assumpfions are still valid Benzene and ethylbenzene are being detected in the groundwater at concentrations above the primary drinking-water standards

73 Question C Has any other information come to light that could call into question the protectiveness ofthe remedy

No other infomiation has come to light that could call into question the protectiveness of the remedy

74 Technical Assessment Summary

The review of documents ARARs risk assumptions and the Site inspection indicate that the Sites soil remedy is functioning as intended by Site decision documents for soil and sediment Pesticide-contaminated surface soil and sediment at the Site and the adjacent CSX railway line east drainage ditch were excavated and shipped offsite for biological treatment and disposal Contaminated soil and residual sulfur were also excavated and shipped off-site for disposal Since there is commingling ofthe Sites ground water plumes with those ofthe adjacent Alaric Site the pump-and-treat ground water remedy selected in the 1996 ROD may not currently be appropriate to implement at the Site until the Alaric Sites plumes have been remediated Helena Chemical Company proposed a pilot-scale treatability study to evaluate the feasibility of biological and physical ground water contaminant degradafion The work plan for this treatability study was approved by EPA in August 2009 The study is currenfiy underway and was scheduled to conclude by the fourth quarter of 2010 vvith a contingency period of another 12 months if necessary A final report documenting the effectiveness ofthe first full year ofthe treatability study was not available at the time this FYR report was drafted therefore a decision regarding whether to implement the additional 12 month contingency period had also not been made The final results ofthe treatability study will be used to infonn the selection of a

46

revised ground water remedy for the Site In the event that the treatability study is not successful EPA may consider addifional avenues to approach remediation including additional excavation

The ARARs for four ofthe nine ground water COCs aldrin alpha-BHC beta-BHC and dieldrin have become more stringent since the signing ofthe 1996 ROD During the current ground water treatability study both alpha-BHC and beta-BHC have been detected at levels greater than the cuirent less-stringent cleanup goal for these COCs Remedial activities at the Site have allowed the continued industrial use ofthe property and have reduced ecological risk at the Site The selection of a revised ground water remedy is required before achieving the remaining two RAOs 1) protection of ground water from confinued degradation by Site contaminants and 2) reduction of risk to

-human health within EPAs acceptable risk range Residual soil contaniination remains present below the water table and the ground water plume continues to exceed cleanup goals The industrial land use at the Site and in the surrounding area has not changed since the ROD was signed therefore the exposure assumptions are still valid

The 1996 ROD selected the implementation of institutional controls in the fomi of deed restrictions for soil sediment and ground water to liinit exposure to site-related contamination Fencing was also required by the 1996 ROD Land use restrictions have not been implemented for the Site however some interim institufional controls to protect against exposure to ground water contamination have been implemented Helena Chemical Company intends to continue Site operations for the foreseeable future and has no intention to sell lease or transfer any portion ofthe Site Current and future zoning designations are consistent with the industrial land use criteria used in selection of site COC cleanup goals In 2008 EPA entered into a Memorandum of Agreement with the SWFWMD The document confinns SWFWMDs regulatory authority to place restrictions on well placement and constmction Through shared infonnation between the two agencies SWFWMD can make infonned pemiitting and enforcement decisions to prevent exposure to ground water contamination that could pose a risk to hunian health No impacted ground water wells are used for potable water buildings at the Site and in the surrounding area are connected to municipal water supply lines The need for additional institutional controls will be evaluated upon selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site

The Site is well-maintained and is surrounded by a secured perimeter fence with signs restricting access Access is limited to authorized persons during regular business hours All site-related wells have been secured or if no longer operational have been properly abandoned

47

80 Issues

Table 8 summarizes the current site issues

Table 8 Current Site Issues

Issue

A revised ground water remedy for the Site has not been selected or implemented and sampling events continue to detect COC concentrations in ground water that are greater than cleanup goals Land use restrictions for the Site have not yet been implemented

Affects Current Protectiveness

(Yes or No)

No

No

Affects Future Protectiveness

(Yes or No)

Yes

Yes

48

90 Recommendations and Follow-up Actions

Table 9 provides recommendations to address the current site issues

Table 9 Recommendations to Address Current Site Issues

Issue

A revised groundshywater remedy for the Site has not been selected or mdash implemented and sampling events continue to detect COC concentrations in ground water that are greater than cleanup goals

Land use restrictions for the Site have not yet been implemented

Recommendations Follow-Up Actions

- At the conclusion ofthe current pilot study evaluate results and if appropriate docunient the selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site

A restrictive covenant will be concluded designed to ensure the Site remains industrial

Party Responsible

PRP

PRP

Oversight Agency

EPA

EPA

Milestone Date

01312012

01312012

Affects Protectiveness

(Yes or No) Current

No

No

Future

Yes

Yes

49

100 Protectiveness Statements

The Sites remedy currently protects huinan health and the environment in the short-tenn because it is functioning as intended by the Sites decision documents for soil and sediment Source materials have been excavated and removed for off-site treatment and disposal The selected ground water remedy has not yet been implemented due to concems with promoting migration ofthe ground water plume from the neighboring Alaric Site A pilot-scale bioremediafion treatability study is underway and will hopefully aid in the selecfion of a revised ground water remedy for the Site The affected surficial aquifer in the vicinity ofthe Site is not used for potable water supply and area residents and businesses are connected to municipal water supply In order for the remedy to be protective in the long-tenn issues conceming implementation of a revised ground water remedy and institutional controls should be addressed

50

110 Next Review

This Site is a statutory Site that requires ongoing FYRs as long as waste is left on site that does not allow for unrestricted use and unlimited exposure The next FYR will be due within five years ofthe signatureapproval date ofthis FYR

51

Appendix A List of Documents Reviewed

CERCLA Infonnafion System Site Infomiation accessed from website httpcfpubepa^ovsupercpadcursitescsitinfocfinid=0400674 Accessed May 12 2010

EPA Record of Decision Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) EPA ID FLD053502696 Prepared by US EPA Region 4 May 7 1996

Explanation of Significant Differences Helena Chemical Superfund Site Tampa Hillsborough County FL Prepared by US EPA Region 4 January 27 2005

First Five-Year Review Report for Helena Chemical Company Tampa Hillsborough County Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for US EPA Region 4 January 31 2006 mdash

First Quarter 2010 Pilot Test Implementation Report Helena Chemical Company Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Chemical Conipany July 7 2010

Fourth Quarter 2009 Pilot Test Implementation Report Helena Chemical Company Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Chemical Coinpany March 12 2010

Memorandum of Agreement between the US Environmental Protection Agency Region 4 Superfund Division and the Southwest Florida Water Management District September 11 2008

Pilot Test and Interini Monitoring Work Plan for the Helena Chemical Conipany Superfund Site Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Chemical Company June 30 2009

Pilot Test Implementation Report Helena Cheinical Company Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Chemical Company December 22 2009

Second Quarter 2010 Pilot Test Implementation Report Helena Chemical Conipany Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Chemical Company September 23 2010

Third Quarter 2009 Pilot Test Implementation Report Helena Chemical Company Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Cheinical Coinpany December 22 2009

A-l

Appendix B Press Notice

y PRoA^

U S Environmental Protection Agency Region 4 Announces a Five-Year Review for

the Helena Chemical Company Superfund Site Tampa Hillsborough Countj Florida

PurposeObjective The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is conducting a Five-Year Review ofthe remedy for the Helena Chemical Company Superfuiid site (Site) in Tampa Florida The purpose ofthe Five-Year Review is to ensure that the selected cleanup actions effectively protect human health and the environment

Site~Background The Site covers approximately eight acres and is located in the Orient Park industrial area in Tampa Floiida The ~ facility was built in 1929 as a chemical plant for the production of sulfur The initial owners manufactured wettable and dusting sulfur and formulated pesticides herbicides fungicides and fertilizers at the facility Helena Chemical Company purchased the property in 1967 and continued these manufacturing operations until 1981 The company moved its pesticide herbicide and fiingicide formulation operations to Georgia in 1981 but has continued to fonnulate insecticidal petroleum oil and liquid fertilizers at the facility Former manufacturing operations by Helena Chemical Company and its predecessors resulted in soil and ground water contamination EPA placed the Site on the National Priorities List (NPL) in October 1992

Cleanup Actions In 1996 EPA signed the Record of Decision (ROD) for the Site which selected a remedy to clean up contaminants by excavating and treating contaminated soils disposing of sulfur-contaminated soils offsite neutralizing soil pH and containing ground water contamination to prevent off-site migration Between 2000 and 2005 more than 10000 tons of contaminated soils were excavated for treatment and soils with sulfur contamination were disposed of off site After the soil removals lime was incorporated into remaining on-site soils to neutralize the sulfuric acid present four feet below the land surface However the addition of lime appears to have had minimal effect on areas with low pH Design ofthe ground water treatment system was delayed due to the need to distinguish between source contamination at the Site and source contaniination emanating from another Superfijnd site the Alaric Area Ground Water Plume site which is located adjacent to the Site Ground water sampling conducted in 2007 concluded that pesticide concentrations at the Site continue to exceed cleanup goals established in the ROD and require remedial action Several pilot-scale treatability studies commenced in 2009 and are presently underway

Five-Vear Review Schedule The National Contingency Plan requires that remedial actions that result in any hazardous substances pollutants or contaminants remaining at the Superfimd Sites above levels that allow for unlimited use and unrestricted exposure be reviewed every five years to ensure the protection of human health and the environment The second ofthe Five-Year Reviews for this Site will be completed in January 2011

EPA invites community participation in the Five-Year Review process EPA is conducting this Five-Year Review to evaluate the effectiveness ofthe Sites remedy and to ensure that the remedy remains protective of human health and the environment As part ofthe Five-Year Review process EPA staff are available to answer any questions about the Site Community members who have questions about the Site or the Five-Year Review process or vvho would like to participate in a community interview are asked to contact

Galo Jackson Remedial Project Manager LTonya Spencer Community Involvement Coordinator Phone 404-562-8937 Phone 404-562-8463 1 -800-435-9234 (toll free) E-mail jacksongaloMjepauov E-mail spencerlatonva(5)epagov

Mailing Address EPA Region 4 Sam Nunn Atlanta Federal Center 61 Forsyth St SW Mail Code 9T25 Atlanta GA 30303-8960

Site information is also available at the Sites local document repository at University of South Florida Library 4202 East Fowler Avenue Tampa Florida 33620 and online at httpwvwepcigovi-egion4wasteitplitplflshelenafl-hlin

B-

Appendix C Interview Forms

Interview Form 2011 Five-Year Review - Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) Site Tampa FL

Site Name Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) EPA ID No FLD053502696 Interviewer Name Sabrina Foster Affiliation E Inc Subjects Name Galo Jackson Affiliation EPA Region 4 Subjects Contact Information iacksongalo(fl)epagov Time 915 am Date July 8 2010 Type of Interview (Circle one) In Person Phone Mail Other Location of Interview Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) site

IVIiat is your overall impression ofthe project In tenns ofthe pilot-scale treatability study for water the project is on schedule We are getting results back having them reviewed but it is still too early to tell what the final result will be The treatability study has been challenging but I am hopeful that it will work

2 What effect has this site had on the surrounding community ifany^7 None that 1 am aware of

3 How well do you believe the remedy currently in place is performing7 Do you believe the monitoring data show the remedys effectiveness^ As 1 said before we are still working on the treatability study so it is really too early to tell The study is still in early stages

4 Are you aware of any complaints or inquiries regarding environmental issues or the remedial action from residents since implementation ofthe cleanup 1 have not received any in the last five years

5 Are you aware of any changes in projected land use at or near the site No as far as I know it is all still zoned for heavy industrial use

6 Do you feel well informed about the site y activities and progress Yes EnSafe are the remedial contractors and they do a good job keeping me well-in fonn ed

7 Do you have any commenis suggeslions or recommendations regarding the sile s management or operation Not really The treatability study is underway and 1 am hopeful that it will work

C-1

Site Name Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) EPA ID No FLD053502696 Interviewer Name Sabrina Foster Affiliation E Inc Subjects Name Ed Brister Affiliation Helena Chemical Company Subjects Contact Information bristere(laquo)helenachemicacom Time 900 am Date July 8 2010 Type of Interview (Circle one) In Person Phone Mail Other Location of Interview Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) site

1 What is your overall impression ofthe project My impression is that it is good and has been a successful project

2 What e f f y has this site had on the surrounding community ifany mdash We dont know of any effect on the surrounding community Certainly there hasnt been

an effect on human health At any site like this you are going to have stigma issues but we dont hear any concerns out ofthe community about it

3 How well do you believe the remedy currently in place is performing 1 think it is doing well

4 Are you aware of any complaints or inquiries regarding environmental issues or the remedial action from residents since implementation ofthe cleanup Yes During the implementation ofthe cleanup the soil excavations we did hear of concems Irom a neighbor [Resident 1] We addressed her concems by temporarily moving her and her husband from their home for a couple of months to a location south of here We temporarily moved the [residents] twice once during the big removal in 2000 and again during the excavation and removal ofthe sulfur area in 2004-2005

5 Are you aware of any changes in projected land use at or near the site No not for here or for the surrounding areas

6 Do you feel well informed about the site s activities and progress Yes

7 Do you have any commenis suggestions or recommendations regarding the site f management or operation No

C-2

SiteName Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) EPA ID No FLD053502696 Subjects Name Karen Milicic Affiliation FDEP Subjects Contact Information 850-245-8931 Time 913 am Date August 23 2010 Type of Interview (Circle one) In Person Phone Mail Other E-mail Location of Interview Tallahassee FL

What is your overall impression ofthe project Good appear to be making progress on addressing the contaminants of concem

2 How well do you believe the remedy currently in place is performing Still too early to tell basedon recent lab data

3 Are you comfortable with the institutional controls required for the Site and their current status of implementation Yes at this time

4 Are you aware of any complaints or inquiries regarding environmental issues or the remedial action from residents in the last five years No not aware of any complaints andor inquiries regarding the Site

5 Has your office conducted any Site-related activities or communications in the last five years If so please give purpose and results of these activities Yes to attend a site visit with EPA RPM Galo Jackson

6 Are you aware of any changes to state laws that might affect the protectiveness ofthe remedy Are you aware of any changes in projected land use at the Site Not at this fime

7 Do you feel well informed about the Site 5 activities and progress Feel very well infomied regarding the progress ofthe Site

8 Do you have any comments suggestions or recommendations regarding the Site s management or operation None at this time

C-3

Site Name Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) EPA ID No FLD053502696 Interviewer Name Sabrina Foster Affiliation E^ Inc Subjects Name Mary Yeargan Affiliation Environmental Protection

Commission of Hillsborough County Subjects Contact Information yearganm(fl)epchcorg Time 330 pm Date September 27 2010 Type of Interview (Circle one) In Person Phone Mail Other

What is your overall impression ofthe project My overall impression is that it is continuing along as it has been

2 What are your views about current site condition problems or related concerns mdash 1 was onthe site visit for the last FYR so I am familiar with the-Site and the Five-Year

Review process I think that things are continuing to move forward at the Site with the treatments underway

3 What effect has this site had on the surrounding community This is a blighted community and certainly the presence of a Superfund site contributes to the perception of blight But Helena is not the only Superfund site in the area there is also Stauffer Chemical Florida Steel Alaric as well as the jail and all the bail bonds places So there is blight in the community but it is npt a direct result of Helena

4 Has the local government received any citizen complaints or inquiries regarding environmental issues or activities at this site I havent received any specific complaints nothing about Helena in particular The calls I get largely concem other specific Superfund sites in the area or just the presence of Superfijnd sites in general I did receive a call in 2008 firom a resident who was concemed about well water and whether the presence of Superfijnd sites in the area meant that the water was contaminated Again they didnt specifically mention Helena just Superfund sites in general We called the Department of Public Health to come out and sampled the well and there was no contamination present

5 Have there been routine communications or activities (site visits inspections reporting activities etc) conducted by your office regarding the site If yes please give purpose and results No

6 Are you aware of any changes to local laws that might affect the protectiveness ofthe remedy Are you aware of any changes in projected land use at the Site No Im not aware of any changes to local laws that would impact the Site Helena continues to operate so that land use hasnt changed and I dont imagine that the land use zoning would be changed to anything other than heavy industrial There is a limited amount of space available for heavy industrial so they are going to keep any land already zoned for that purpose

C-4

7 Do you feel well informed about the Sites activities and progress If not what methods would you recommend EPA use to disseminate more information Sure

8 Do you have any comments suggestions or recommendations regarding the project None I have worked with Galo for some time and let him know right away if there are any complaints

C-5

Appendix D Site Inspection Checklist

FIVE-YEAR REVIEW SITE INSPECTION CHECKLIST

I SITE INFORMATION

Site name Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) Date of inspection July 8 2010

Location and Region Tampa FL Region 4 EPA ID FLD053502696

Agency office or company leading the five-year review EPA Region 4 Weathertemperature Clear skies sunny 85F

Remedy Includes (Check all that apply) I I Landfill covercontainment [XI Access controls IXI Institutional controls Xl Groundwater pump and treatment I I Surface water collection and treatment Xl Other Soil excavation and off-site disposal

I I Monitored natural attenuation XI Groundwater containment [~| Vertical banier walls

ttachments XT] Inspection team roster attached I I Site map attached

II INTERVIEWS (Check all that apply)

1 OampM site manager Name Title

Interiewed 77 at site [d at office Q by phone Phone no Problems suggestions XU Report attached

mmddvgtvv Date

OampM staff Name Title

Interviewed O at site J at office XU by phone Phone no Problems suggestions [d Report attached

mmddyyvv Date

D-

3 Local regulatory authorities and response agencies (ie State and Tribal offices emergency response office police department office of public health or environmental health zoning office recorder of deeds or other city and county offices etc) Fill in all that apply

Agency FDEP Contact

Problems

Agencv Cont c t Problems

Agency Contact

Problems

Aeencv Contact

Problems

Agency Contact

Problems

Karen Milicic Name

suggestions bull Report attached

Name suggestions 1 1 Report attached

N me suggestions bull Report attached

Name suggestions bull Report attached

Name suggestions CD Report attached

Proiect Manager Title

see Appendix C

8232010 Date

Title

Title see Appendix C

Date

mdash

Date

Title see Appendix C

ate

Title see Appendix C

Date

850-245-8931 Phone No

Phone No

Phone No

Phone No

Ph iieNo

4 Other interviews (optional) bull Report attached

EPA Region 4 Galo Jackson Remedial Project Manager 782010 404-562-8937

Helena Chemical Company (PRP) Ed Brister Director of Engineering Safety Health 782010901-537-8600

and Environment

III ON-SITE DOCUMENTS amp RECORDS VERIFIED (Check all that apply)

1 O amp M Documents

n OampM manual D Readily available bull Up to date

1 1 As-built drawings O Readily available Q Up to date

n Maintenance logs Q Readily available []] Up to date

Remarks

^ N A

K | N A

E ] N A

2 Site-Specific Health and Safety Plan bull Readily available ^ Up to date D NA

n Contingency planemergency response plan bull Readily available ^ Up to date O NA

Remarks

3 O amp M and OSHA Training Records Q Readily available D Up to date lEI NA

Remarks

D-2

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

1

Permits and Service Agreements

r~l Air discharge pemiit

bull Effluent discharge

n Waste disposal POTW

1 1 Other pemiits

Remarks

Gas Generation Records

Remarks

Settlement Monument Records

Remarks

Groundwater Monitoring Records

r~1 Readily available

n Readily available

77 Readily available

[y Readily available

[72 Readily available

[y Readily available

Q Readily available

Remarks Ground water monitoring records are available for the feasibilitv and intemiittent monitoring records from

n Up to date

bull Up to date

n Up to date

n Up to date

n Up to date

n Up to date mdash bull -

IC] Up to date

[ 3 NA

^ N A

KNA

KNA

13 NA

S N A

KINA

study currently underway sampling to confirm the effectiveness of soil remedial

actions are also available Since a revised ground water remedy for the Site has not vet been or implemented long-temi monitoring o

Leachate Extraction Records

Remarks

Discharge Compliance Records

selected f ground water remedy effectiveness has not yet begun 1

n Readily available

bull Air n Readily available bull Up to date

bull Water (effluent) bull Readily available bull Up to date

Remarks

Daily AccessSecurity Logs

Remarks

IV

OampM Organization

1 1 State in-house

n PRP in-house

1 1 Federal Facility in-house

n

X3 Readily available

OampM COSTS

1 1 Contractor for State

n Contractor for PRP

bull Up to date KNA

KlNA

^ N A

bull Up to date

1 1 Contractor for Federal Facility

KINA

D-3

-gt

3

OampM Cost Records

1 1 Readily available

1 1 Funding mechanist

Original OampM cost es

From mniddvYw

Date

From mmddNyyy

Date

From mnidd-w-w

Date

From mmddyvY

Date

From mmddyvw

Date

Unanticipated or Unu

Describe costs and reas

n Up to date

nagreement in place CH Unavailable

imate | 1 Breakdown attached

Total annual cost by year for review period

To mmddyvw

Date Total cost

To mmddN-vw

ate Total cost

To mmddyvw

Date Total cost

To mmddvvNv

Date Total cost

To mmddyvw

Date Total cost

iually High OampM Costs During Review P

ons

if available

bull Breakdown aitached

1 1 Breakdown attached

- 1 1 Breakdown attached

1 1 Breakdown attached

CH Breakdown attached

eriod

V ACCESS AND INSTITUTIONAL CONTROLS ^ Applicable D NA

A

1

B

1

C

Fencing

Fencing damaged Q Location shown on site map ^ G

Remarks Fencing surrounds entire property gates are secured outsi

Other Access Restrictions

Signs and other security measures O Location s

Remarks Access signs are posted near entry gates

Institutional Controls (ICs]

ues secured CD NA

de of operation hours

10wn on site map CD NA

D-4

Implementation and enforcement

Site conditions imply ICs not properly implemented

Site conditions imply ICs not being fully enforced

Type of monitoring (eg self-reporting drive by)

Frequency

Responsible partyagency

Contact

Name Title

Reporting is up-to-date

Reports are verified by the lead agency

Specific requirements in deed or decision documents have been met

Violations have been reported

Other problems or suggestions CD Report attached

D Y e s

D Y e s

No D NA

No D N A

mrrvaoyy

Date D Yes

DYes

DYes

DYes

wv Phone no

D N O

D N O

D N O

D N O

DNA

Q N A

DNA

DNA

2 Adequacy ^ ICs are adequate O ICs are inadequate CD NA

Remarks The 1996 ROD calls for institutional controls in the fomi of site deed restrictions to limit exposure to ground water contamination until cleanup goals are achieved The ROD also calls for fencing to limit access and exposure to site soil contamination At the request ofthe FDEP land use restrictions for the Site have not yet been implemented however some interim institutional controls lo protect against exposure to ground water contamination have been implemented EPA signed a Memorandum of Agreement with the SWFWMD affimiing SWFWMDs regulatory authority to restrict well construction and well use for potable water at and in the area ofthe Site Secure perimeter fencing provides an engineering control to restrict access to the Site The risk for exposure is minimal because surface soil has been remediated the Helena Chemical Company has continued site operations and plans to continue industrial activities at the Site into the foreseeable ftiture and current and future land use zoning is consistent with the industrial cleanup criteria used in the selection of site cleanup goals

A treatability study is currently underway to help detennine the revised remedy for ground water Once this remedy has been selected and decision documents have been appropriately updated Helena Chemical Company EPA the slate and Hillsborough County will evaluate changes to existing institutional controls and addition of new institutional controls for the Site as well as impacted ground water area as appropriate

D General

Vandalismtrespassing

Remarks

I I Location shown on site map No vandalism evident

2 Land use changes on site

Remarks

NA

3 Land use changes off site

Remarks

^ N A

VI GENERAL SITE CONDITIONS

Roads Applicable D NA

D-5

1

B

Roads damaged

Remarks Paved aspha

Other Site Conditions

[y] Location shown on site map ^ Roads adequate Q NA

It roads are used for access to warehouses and the office building on site

Remarks

A

1

T

3

4

5

6

7

8

VII

Landfill Surface

LANDFILL COVERS D Applicable [^ NA

Settlement (Low spots)

Arial extent

Remarks

Cracks

Lengths

Remarks

Erosion

Arial extent

Remarks

Holes

Arial extent

Remarks

Vegetative Cover

1 1 No signs of stres

Remarks

Alternative Cover

Remarks

Bulges

Arial extent

Remarks

s

1 1 Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

Widths

CD Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on sit map

CH Grass

1 1 TreesSlirubs (indicate size and loi

amiored rock concrete etc)

Xy Location shown on site map

rn Settlement not evident

Depth

CD Cracking not evident

Depths

CD Erosion not evident

Depth

CD Holes not evident

Depth

1 1 Cover properly established

bullations on a diagram)

DNA

CD Bulges not evident

Height

Wet AreasWater Damage bull Wet areaswater damage not evident

bull Wet areas

CD Ponding

n Seeps

bull Soft subgrade

Remarks

CD Location shown on site map

1 1 Location shown on site map

1 1 Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

Arial extent

Arial extent

Arial extent

Arial extent

D-6

9

B

1

2

3

C

1

1

3

4

5

Slope Instability

1 1 No evidence of slope

Arial extent

Remarks

n Slides

instability

CD Location shown on site map

Benches D Applicable ^ NA

(Horizontally constructed mounds of earth placed across a steep landfill side slope to interrupt the slope in order to slow down the velocity of surface runoff and intercept and convey the runoff to a lined channel)

Flows Bypass Bench

Remarks

Bench Breached

Remarks

Bench Overtopped

Remarks

CD Location shown on site map

bull Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

CD NA or okay

bull NA or okay

1 j NA or okay

Letdown Channels bull Applicable ^ NA

(Charaiel lined with erosion control mats riprap grout bags or gabions that descend down the steep side slope ofthe cover and will allow the runoff water collected by the benches to move off of the landfill cover without creating erosion gullies)

Settlement (Low spots)

Arial extent

Remarks

Material Degradation

Material type

Remarks

Erosion

Arial extent

Remarks

Undercutting

Arial extent

Remarks

Obstructions

bull Location shown on sit

Size

Remarks

CD Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

Type

e map Arial extent

CD No evidence of settlement

Depth

[H No evidence of degradation

Arial extent

bull No evidence of erosion

Depth

CD No evidence of undercutting

Depth

1 1 No obstmctions

D-7

6

D

1

2

3

4

5

E

1

9

3

Excessive Vegetative Growth Type

CD No evidence of excessive growth

CD Vegetation in channels does not obstmct flow

CD Location shown on site map Ari

Remarks

al extent

Cover Penetrations XC Applicable ^ NA

Gas Vents bull Active

CD Properly securedlocked Q Functioning

CD Evidence of leakage at penetration

Remarks

Gas Monitoring Probes

CD Properly securedlocked CD Functioning

CD Evidence of leakage at penetration

Remarks

Monitoring Wells (within surface area of landfill)

CD Properly securedlocked [ID Functioning

1 1 Evidence of leakage at penetration

Remarks

Extraction Wells Leachate

CD Properly securedlocked CD Functioning

1 1 Evidence of leakage at penetration

Remarks

Settlement Monuments Q Located

Remarks

Gas Collection and Treatment CD Applicable

Gas Treatment Facilities

n Passive

CD Routinely sampled

CD Needs Maintenance

CD Routinely sampled

CD Needs Maintenance

bull Routinely sampled

CD Needs Maintenance

CD Routinely sampled

1 1 Needs Maintenance

CD Routinely sureyed

^ N A

1 1 Flaring CD Themial destmclion

CD Good condition CD Needs Maintenance

Remarks

Gas Collection Wells Manifolds and Piping

CD Good condition CD Needs Maintenance

Remarks

Gas Monitoring Facilities (eg gas monitoring o

CD Good condition

DNA

- - bull

CD Good condition

DNA

1 1 Good condition

DNA

CD Good condition

DNA

DNA

CD Collection for reuse

Fadjacent homes or buildings)

CD Good condition CD Needs Maintenance CD NA

Remarks

D-8

F

1

2

G

1

1

3

4

H

1

2

I

1

9

3

Cover Drainage Layer bull Applicable ^ NA

Outlet Pipes Inspected CD Functioning

Remarks

Outlet Rock Inspected CD Functioning

Remarks

DetentionSedimentation Ponds bull Applicable

Siltation Area extent Depth

1 1 Siltation not evident

Remarks

Erosion Area extent Depth

CD Erosion not evident

Remarks

Outlet Works bull Functioning

Remarks

Dam CD Functioning

Remarks

Retaining Walls D Applicable ^ NA

Deformations CD Location shown on site map

Horizontal displacement Vertical di

Rotational displacement

Remarks

Degradation [C Location shown on site map

Remarks

Perimeter DitchesOff-Site Discharge [C Applicable

Siltation CD Location shown on site map

Area extent

Remarks

Vegetative Growth bull Location shown on site map

CD Vegetation does not impede flow

Area extent

Remarks

Erosion bull Location shown on site map

Area extent

Remarks

DNA

DNA

^ N A

DNA

DNA

DNA

J Deformation not evident

splacement

CD Degradation not evident

13 NA

CD Siltation not evident

Depth

DNA

Type

CD Erosion not evident

Depth

D-9

4 Discharge Structure Q Functioning bull NA

Remarks

VIII VERTICAL BARRIER WALLS D Applicable ^ NA

1

2

IX

A

1

2

3

B

1

bull )

3

C

Settlement CD Location shown on site map CD Settlement not evident

Area extent Depth

Remarks

Performance Monitoring Type of monitoring

bull Perfomiance not monitored

Frequency CD Evidence of breaching

Head differential

Remarks

GROUNDWATERSURFACE WATER REMEDIES g] Applicable Q NA

Groundwater Extraction Wells Pumps and Pipelines X Applicable ^ NA

Pumps Wellhead Plumbing and Electrical

CD Good condition CD Ail required wells properly operating CD Needs Maintenance CD NA

Remarks

Extraction System Pipelines Valves Valve Boxes and Other Appurtenances

bull Good condition O Needs Maintenance

Remarks

Spare Parts and Equipment

bull Readily available bull Good condition bull Requires upgrade bull Needs to be provided

Remarks

Surface Water Collection Structures Pumps and Pipelines [72 Applicable ^ NA

Collection Structures Pumps and Electrical

CD Good condition CD Needs Maintenance

Remarks

Surface Water Collection System Pipelines Valves Valve Boxes and Other Appurtenances

CD Good condition CD Needs Maintenance

Remarks

Spare Parts and Equipment

bull Readily available O Good condition Q Requires upgrade bull Needs to be pr vided

Remarks

Treatment System bull Applicable 3 NA

D-10

T

Treatment Train (Check components that apply)

I I Metals removal [72 Oilwater separation [72 Bi remediation

I I Air stripping [Zl Carbon adsorbers

D Filters

I I Additive (eg chelation agent flocculent)

n Others

I I Good condition [7 Needs Maintenance

I I Sampling ports properly marked and fianctional

I I Samplingmaintenance log displayed and up to date

CD Equipment properly identified mdash

I I Quantity of groundwater treated annually

I I Quantity of surface water treated annually

Remarks

Electrical Enclosures and Panels (properly rated and functional)

I I NA [22 Good condition [2 Needs Maintenance

Remarks

3 Tanks Vaults Storage Vessels

I I NA [J] Good condition [] Proper secondary containment [2 Needs Maintenance

Remarks

4 Discharge Structure and Appurtenances

I I NA CD Good condition [72 Needs Maintenance

Remarks

5 Treatment Building(s)

CD NA CD Golt d condition (esp roof and doorways) CD Needs repair

I I Chemicals and equipment properly stored

Remarks

6 Monitoring Wells (pump and treatment remedy)

I I Properly securedlocked [7 Functioning CD Routinely sampled CD Good condition

I I All required wells located CD Needs Maintenance CD NA

Remarks

D Monitoring Data

1 Monitoring Data

3 Is routinely submitted on time ^ Is of acceptable quality

2 Monitoring data suggests

[H Groundwater plume is effectively contained CD Contaminant concentrations are declining

D-

E Monitored Natural Attenuation 1 Monitoring Wells (natural attenuation remedy)

I I Properly securedlocked CD Functioning CD Routinely sampled CD Good condition

CD All required wells located CD Needs Maintenance ^ NA

Remarks X OTHER REMEDIES

If there are remedies applied at the site and not covered above attach an inspection sheet describing the physical nature and condition of any facility associated with the remedy An example would be soil vapor extraction

In September 2009 Helena Chemical Company began a pilot-scale bioremediation treatability study at the Site to test the effectiveness of sulfate reduction and anaerobic xylene degradation to treat residual ground water contamination in the surficial aquifer and the intemiediate aquifer system The pilot study also investigates reductive dechlorination of BHC isomers tlirough addition of facultative anaerobic cultures enhancement of nitrate- iron- and sulfate-reducers and addition of a reduction agent such as zero-valent iron with a pH adjustment The study was scheduled to conclude by the fourth quarter of 2010 and a contingency time of an additional 12 months has been allotted in the treatability study schedule if necessary

XI OVERALL OBSERVATIONS A Implementation of the Remedy

The pesticide source contamination in soil was excavated in 2000 and shipped offsite to an approved disposal facilitv in Louisiana Further soil excavation activities were performed in 2004 and 2005 in order to address sulfiir contamination source areas A pilot study to assess treatability of ground water contamination originating from the fomier sulfur pit area and the former xylene tank area is presently underway Results ofthe study will inform the selection ofthe remedy for ground water at the Site

B Adequacy of OampM A treatability study is presently underway for ground water treatment at the Site OampM activities have yet to commence

Early Indicators of Potential Remedy Problems None

D Opportunities for Optimization None

Site Inspection Team Galo Jackson EPA Region 4 Ed Brister Helena Chemical Conipany Christy Fielden E Inc Sabrina Foster E Inc

D-12

Appendix E Photographs from Site Inspection Visit

Helena Chemical Company office building at the Site

Signs at delivery gate which is secured outside of facility operating hours

E-1

Chemical storage warehouse on site

Fonner sulfur pit area with new chemical warehouse facilities

E-2

Monitoring well in the former sulfiir pit area

Pilot study monitoring wells in the former xylene tank area

E-3

Page 12: Five-Year Review Report Second Five-Year Review Report

30 Background

31 Physical Characteristics

The Site is located at 2405 North 71^ Street within the City of Tampa in Hillsborough County Florida (Figure 1) This active commercial and industrial land use area is known as Orient Park or Bunchville An acfive CSX railway line mns along the southem border ofthe Site The active main operating facility is on a single 65-acre parcel (Parcel A-I4-29-19-4CA-000000-000220) bounded by Orient Road to the east East 14 Avenue to the north and North 71^ Street to the west Three additional parcels (Parcel A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000320 Parcel A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000330 and Parcel A-14-29-19-4CE-000003-000010) totaling 197 acres located west of North 71 Street are also included as part ofthe Site and are known as the Helena Woods The Site is situated between two other Superfund sites I) the Alaric Area Ground Water Plume Superfund Site (Alaric Site) to the north ofthe Helena Woods area and to the west ofthe main operating facility and 2) the Stauffer Chemical Company (Tampa) Superfund Site to the southeast ofthe Site on the southem side ofthe CSX railroad tracks

The Site is approximately 05 miles west of Six Mile Creek and the Tampa Bypass Canal The Site is subject to flooding during periods of intense and extended rainfall Surface water at the Site is composed entirely of stonnwater mnoff and the sediment remediation in the Sites selected remedy addresses sediment deposited by this overland flow Stonnwater mnoff from the central portion ofthe Site channels into concrete drainage swales and flows into an on-site retention pond located in the southeastem comer ofthe operating facility parcel The retenfion pond is designed to hold stonnwater mnoff during a 20-year stonn A spillway at the southeastem corner ofthe retention pond allows overflow to drain into a drainage ditch parallel to the CSX railroad tracks The retention pond is part ofthe mnoff control system at the Site and does not constitute a significant ecological habitat

On the westem and northem boundaries ofthe operating facility parcel stonnwater flows to the southwest where it collects in a low-lying section ofthe Helena Woods area and then flows to the north via a paired ditchculvert system along the east and west shoulders of North 71st Street On the east boundary surface water flow continues south along the ditch parallel to Orient Road Drainage tums eastward through a culvert under Orient Road then travels east-northeast for approximately 05 miles The drainage pathway continues through a swale on the north side ofthe CSX right-of-way

Surficial deposits at the Site consist of a thin three to six inch layer of topsoil and sediment covering fine- to medium-grained sands These deposits extend approximately 11 feet below the ground surface (bgs) and are primarily unconsolidated brown fineshygrained sands with traces of organic matter clay silt medium-grained sand and shells The surficial deposits fonn a sharp contact with the underlying Intemiediate Confining Unit which is a stiff intemiediate clay unit between the overlying surficial aquifer and the underlying poorly consolidated limestones that grade into more indurated limestones

11

The bottom portions ofthe surficial unit are saturated year-round the water table fluctuates drasfically with precipitation with seasonal high-water tables rising to within one foot bgs The clay ofthe Intermediate Confining Unit or intennediate aquifer system has low hydraulic pemieability and fonns the semi-confining unit between the ground water of the surficial aquifer and the Floridan aquifer The Upper Floridan aquifer is encountered at approximately 80 feet bgs Moderately indurated clayey sandy limestone is present in the upper section ofthe Floridan aquifer

Ground water flow at the Site is oriented in a radial pattem to the northeast east southeast south and southwest Gradients are the highest in the southeastem direction and lowest toward the northeast and southwest

12

Figure I Site Location Map

Helena Chemical Company Superfund Site Tampa HiHsborough County Florida

Disclaimer This map and any boundary lines within the map are approximate and subject to change The map is not a survey The map is for informational purposes only regarding EPAs response actions at the Site and is not intended for any other purpose

13

Figure 2 Detailed Site Map

~ vHak Area Ground Water Plume Site t

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^

KbullVI^tHl

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4 ^

See Figure 3 _JSCnSt detail

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Stauffer Chemical Company (Tampa) Site

Zi

Lagand [ __ ftppronmals Boundary at Suf id A q u h i Gtowid VUMCf Plume L ^ BounMry

17 AjipxiitrratD Boundary of inMimodixe Aqutar System Grcurd Matnr Plume ^ Priaiate WWis Found D i ^ r ^ Sts inapecVon

bull lnlBiniediraquoIeA^u-fcrSyilBT MonlaingwVei Incnaed in Monilonnj Program S SurfcalApufcr Mantarng WBK Incliided in Manitomg Prcgran

^ Weimedisie Aquilei Sysle-n Moiatof Kig Well Not lncjltteltlaquo in Monltonng Progiain pound Suifcal Aqullte Montamo Well Not Inoufled n Monilonrraquo8 Pr agiam

Helena Chemical Company Superfund Site Tampa Hillsborough County Florida

y Disclaimer This map and any boundary lines within the map are approximate and subject to change The map is not a survey The map is for informational purposes only regarding EPAs response actions at the Site and is not intended for any other purpose

14

32 Land and Resource Use

The Site has been used for the manufacture storage and distribution of agricultural products since 1929 The original Site owner Flag Sulfur Company fomiulated a wide variety of insecticides herbicides and fungicides including wettable and dusting sulfur at the Site from 1929 until 1967 Helena Chemical Company acquired the business in 1967 and continued manufacturing operations In 1981 Helena Chemical Company

moved the pesticides herbicides and fiingicides fonnulation operafions to a facility in Georgia in 1981 and the Tampa facility has confinued fomiulating and packaging insecticidal spray oil and liquid fertilizers since that time The Site also serves as Helena Chemical Companys main distribution warehouse for sales locations in the State of Florida

The Site consists of four land parcels within a secured Site perimeter fence The largest of these parcels (65 acres) contains the active Helena Chemical Company offices warehouses and distribufion centers as well as associated paved parking areas This parcel (A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000220) is presenfly zoned for light industrial land uses The Planning Commission serving Hillsborough County the City of Plant City the City of Temple Terrace and the City of Tampa anticipates this parcels fijture land use to be heavy industrial The three smaller parcels forming the Helena Woods area are covered by low grassy vegetation and oak trees and also contain several ground water monitoring wells for the Alaric Site located immediately to the north Two ofthe Helena Woods parcels are listed as being vacant and the third is zoned for a mobile home park The Planning Commission anficipates that all three parcels will be zoned for heavy industrial use in the future North 7P Street fomierly crossed the CSX railroad tracks to the south ofthe Site but the road was closed after an accident at the crossing The street now dead ends at the entrance gate to the tmck loading area on the Helena Cheinical Company property and the closed section of street between the entrance gate and the railroad tracks is included within the Site perimeter fencing

Surrounding land uses predominanfly include various light and heavy industrial uses as well as commercial land uses Small pockets of single family residences are located several blocks to the north and to the west ofthe Site Buildings on the Site and throughout the area impacted by site-related ground water contaniination are connected to municipal water supply lines None ofthe ground water wells impacted by contamination fi^om the Site are used for potable water supply

33 History of Contamination

The facility was built in 1929 as a chemical plant for the production of sulfur and was owned and operated by Flag Sulfur Conipany No historical records regarding the specific products formulated during Flag Sulfijr Company operafions are available but previous facility managers indicated that the conipany manufactured wettable and dusting sulfijr and fomiulated pesticides herbicides fungicides and fertilizers at the Site In 1967 Helena Chemical Conipany purchased the facility fi^om Duval Corporation the owner of Flag Sulfur Company From 1967 to 1981 Helena Chemical Conipany produced

15

wettable and dusting sulfur and fomiulated pesticides herbicides fungicides and fertilizers at the Site The company purchased the raw niaterials fi^oiii suppliers and added solvent emulsifiers andor surfactant to give the finished product certain characteristics required for various applications and strengths

Historically most agricultural chemical fonnulation occurred in the East Warehouse building located in the south central portion ofthe main operating facility parcel The fonnulation process for liquid products would consist of mixing a technical chemical with various solvents a surfactant andor emulsifiers in aboveground mixing vessels in the East Warehouse building Various solvents including xylene and an intemiediate range petroleum solvent called T-500 were used as pesticide carriers or diluents These solvents were stored on site in aboveground storage tanks A 3500-galIon capacity aboveground xylene storage tank was historically located in a benned area to the east of the East Warehouse building This tank was vandalized in 1977 causing a release of xylene to the soil and ground water below

In 1974 Helena Cheinical Company began using a three-tank pollution control system to handle the wash-down waste generated from pesticide manufacturing The wash-down waste consisted primarily of pesticides in a xylene carrier It was diluted with other process water and stonnwater treated vvith caustic soda run through an aeration evaporation treatnient system and finally discharged to the on-site stomiwater retention pond Sludges associated with the treatment system were periodically removed and shipped to the Chemical Waste Management Inc facility in Emelle Alabama for appropriate disposal At an undetemiined time between 1984 and 1988 use ofthe three-tank pollution control system was discontinued

According to the 1996 ROD the on-site stomiwater retention pond may have received some overflow waste from the East Warehouse building before the pollution control tanks were installed in 1974 During construction ofthe retention pond soil in the southeastem portion ofthe Site was removed using backhoes and placed in the Helena Woods area While the Helena Woods area was never used for agricultural chemical fonnulation or packaging contaniination in this area is attributed to the dredge niaterials irom the retention pond and to treatinent with pesticides and herbicides during routine maintenance activities

Dry products were formulated in the east end ofthe West Warehouse building just south ofthe loading dock using a Raymond Mill for grinding and a set of ribbon blenders for mixing Helena Chemical Company would then package the finished product for resale Both Flag Sulfur Company and Helena Chemical Conipany manufactured sulfiir dust and wettable sulfur on site Flag Sulfur Companys operations are largely unknown Helena Chemical Companys sulfur processing operations consisted of transporting molten sulfur to the Site and unloading the sulfur in the fonner sulfijr pit area located south ofthe current central paved courtyard between the West and East Warehouse buildings The sulfur was contained in berms for a period of approximately 48 hours until it had solidified Heavy equipment was then used to break the sulfur into pieces for processing through the Raymond Mill

16

34 Initial Response

In 1976 Helena Chemical Company stopped processing sulfijr products The fomier sulfur pit area was excavated and then filled with clean sand In 1980 the fomiulation of dry fertilizers was also discontinued at the facility In 1981 Helena Chemical Company moved the pesticide herbicide and fungicide fonnulation operation to a company facility in Georgia Since 1981 Helena Chemical Company has fomiulated insecficidal petroleum oil (a 70-viscosity paraffin-based oil with an emulsifier additive) and liquid fertilizers at the Site In addition to products produced at the facility numerous agricultural products are stored in the warehouse prior to distribution to Helena Chemical

- Companys Florida sales offices mdash

In 1984 FDEP inspected the Site and required quarterly monitoring ofthe surficial aquifer From 1988 to 1990 EPA investigated the Site and found pesticide contaniination in the on-site soil sediment and surficial aquifer Based on the potential for hunian exposure via ingestion of contaminated ground water EPA proposed the Site for listing on the NPL in Febmary 1992 and finalized the listing in October 1992

The Florida Department of Health and Rehabilitative Services (FHRS the predecessor of FDEP) in cooperation with the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry prepared a public health assessment for the Site in September 1993 In that report FHRS expressed concem for on-site worker contact with contaminated soil and exposure to sediment and ground water FHRS made several recommendations that additional data should be collected Under a September 1992 Consent Order with EPA Helena Cheinical Coinpany perfonned a RIFS at the Site The primary objectives ofthe invesfigation were to detemiine the nature magnitude and extent of contamination evaluate potential risks to human health and the environinent and evaluate potential cleanup altematives Site operations have remained active throughout site investigations and remedial activities

35 Basis for Taking Action

The results ofthe RIFS documented extensive surface soil and sediment contaniination including pesticides semivolatile organic compounds and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) related to fonner operations by Helena Chemical Company and its predecessors The investigations also documented contamination of ground water in the surficial aquifer and intemiediate aquifer systems with chlorinated pesticides polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons phenols and VOCs A human health risk assessment perfonned by Black and Veatch in 1994 concluded that risks to current and future site workers current and future trespassers and potential future Site residents exceeded acceptable risk and hazard thresholds

17

40 Remedial Actions

In accordance with CERCLA and the NCP the ovemiding goals for any remedial action are protecfion of human health and the environment and compliance with applicable or relevant and appropriate requirements (ARARs) A nuinber of remedial altemafives were considered for the Site fmal selection was made based on an evaluafion ofeach altemative against nine evaluation criteria that are specified in Secfion 300430(e)(9)(iii) ofthe NCP The nine criteria include

L Overall Protectiveness of Human Health and the Environment 2 Compliance with ARARs 3 Long-Tenn Effectiveness and Pennanence 4 Reduction of Toxicity Mobility or Volume of Contaminants through Treatment 5 Short-temi Effectiveness 6 Implementability 7 Cost 8 State Acceptance 9 Community Acceptance

41 Remedy Selection

EPA issued the site-wide ROD on May 7 1996 Based on the results ofthe Sites RIFS EPA detennined that remediation of soil sediment and ground water would be required for the protection of huinan health and the environment Remedial action objecfives (RAOs) established in the ROD for the Site include

bull Restore the Site to beneficial use bull Reduce risk to human health within EPAs acceptable risk range (ie total

residual cancer risk between 1 x 10 to 1 x 10 and maximum individual contaminant Hazard Quotient of 1)

bull Reduce ecological risk bull Protect ground water from continued degradation by Site contaminants

The remedy selected in the Sites 1996 ROD consisted ofthe following remedial components for source control in soil and sediment

Implement institutional controls (ie fencing (cumenfiy considered an engineering control) and deed restrictions) Demolish tank fanii pads east ofthe liquid processing building (East Warehouse) and dispose ofthe debris offsite Excavate material from the fonner sulfur pit and dispose of excavated materials offsite Neutralize soil in place if located in areas where sulfur is present but inaccessible Excavate contaminated surface soil and sediment (zero to two feet) where concentrations exceed soil cleanup goals Biologically treat contaminated surface soil and sediment

bull Place treated soil back on site

Major components ofthe ground water remedy selected in the 1996 ROD include

bull Extract contaminated ground water bull Treat contaminated ground water to meet surface water discharge standards bull Discharge treated ground water to on-site ponds or to the Tampa Bypass Canal

under a National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System pemiit bull Place controls on Site to restrict the use of ground water beneath the Site through

the filing of deed notices in order to limit exposure to contaminated ground water until cleanup goals are met

The 1996 ROD selected cleanup goals for contaminants of concem (COCs) in both ground water and surface soil (Table 2) As Site data suggested that sediments with pesticide contamination attributable to the Site were primarily present in drainage ditches that were typically dry remediation of sediment in Site drainage features was to be managed using the surface soil cleanup goals protective of hunian health The 1996 ROD also selected a confingency remedy for Site soil and sediment If treatability studies demonstrated that the selected biological treatinent remedy could not achieve the performance standards listed in Table 2 low temperature themial desorption (LTTD) was to be used in lieu ofthe biological treatnient

Table 2 COCs and Cleanup Goals

bull bull - y y Contaminant of Concern

44-dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (44-DDT) Aldrin Alpha-benzene hexachloride (Alpha-BHC) Beta-benzene hexachloride (Beta-BHC) Gamma-benzene hexachloride (Gamma-BHC) Chlordane Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane (DDD) Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) Dieldrin Endosulfan 1 Endosulfan II Heptachlor Heptachlor epoxide Total xylenes Toxaphene

Ground Water 7 Cleanup Goal

(micrograms per liter ^gL)

03

005

005

01

02

NA NA NA NA 01

7

2 NA NA 20 NA

Surface Soil and Sediment Cleanup Goal

(milligrams per kilogram mgkg)

NA

018

047

NA

NA

23 126 89 89

019 NA NA 067 034 NA 276

NA not applicable

19

In January 2005 EPA issued an Explanation of Significant Differences (ESD) to modify part ofthe remedy described in the 1996 ROD The purpose ofthe ESD was to modify the xylene cleanup goal for ground water from 20 micrograms per liter (|JgL) per the Florida secondary maximum contaminant level (MCL) to 10000 (igL per the State and federal primary MCL Secondary MCLs are non-mandatory standards under the Superfund prograin and are not enforceable by EPA however they are a component of the State of Floridas drinking water statute State and federal primary MCLs are enforceable standards established to protect the public against consumption of drinking water that presents a risk to huinan health The ESD also called for continued monitoring ofthe effecfiveness ofthe xylene treatnient and for evaluation of further remedial actions should the presence of xylene a solvent mobilize residual soil pesticide contaminants into ground water

42 Remedy Implementation

Remedial design and remedial actions for soil sediment and ground water at the Site are being implemented by the Helena Chemical Company under a 1996 Unilateral Administrative Order An additional Consent Decree was filed in 2005 for EPA to recover past and future costs incurred and to require Helena Cheinical Conipany to pay EPA oversight costs at the Site and at a separate Site in South Carolina also owned by Helena Chemical Coinpany

Soil and Sediment Source Control

In 1999 additional grid-based sampling was conducted in the xylene source area (east of the East Warehouse building) to detemiine the boundaries for the soil removal excavation Bench-scale studies were performed by EPAs Ecosystems Research Division and EPAs Science and Ecosystems Support Division to investigate the effectiveness of incorporating zero-valent iron in soil to facilitate abiotic degradation of chlorinated pesticides These studies were implemented in 1999 but were tenninated early due to lack of measurable COC degradation Helena Chemical Company then explored the option of using the Xenorein bioremediation process which had been successfijlly implemented on the adjacent Stauffer Chemical Co (Tampa) Superfund site The extent of contamination prevented direct application ofthe Xenorem approach at the Site Helena Chemical Conipany learned however that an off-site disposal facility the Waste Management Inc hazardous waste treatment facility in Carlyss Louisiana (facility nuniber LAD0007772010P1) had been authorized to bioremediate wastes in July 1998 and could potentially accept the excavated Site materials for bioremediafion at the off-site facility EPA approved the change from on-site to off-site treatinent and disposal of contaminated soil and sediment in a letter dated Febmary 14 2000

The 1996 ROD had also stipulated LTTD as a contingency soil treatment should biological treatinent be ineffective EPA requested this contingency be explored in 1999 Helena Chemical Coinpany retained Focus Environmental Inc to perfonn the evaluation ofthe contingency treatinent The evaluation concluded that LTTD was not a practical remedy for the Site primarily due to concems related to elevated sulfijr concentrations in

20

soil which would require air pollution controls to remove acid gas generated by the treatnient as well as space limitations on the Site which would not pemiit an efficient layout and operafion ofthe treatment and material handling units

In 2000 Helena Chemical Conipany excavated 7700 tons of pesticide-contaminated soil fi-om the Site including the xylene source area and an additional 600 tons of pesticide-contaminated soil and sediment from the drainage ditch area along the CSX railway right-of-way just south ofthe Site Soil was transported to the Waste Manageinent Inc facility in Carlyss Louisiana for bioremediation andoff-site disposal Surface soils were excavated to a depth of two feet According to the 1996 ROD the water table in the area fluctuates between two and four feet bgs Therefore the excavation of surface soils to two feet bgs would address soil contaminafion above the water table but not contaniination existing below the water table The excavation areas were lined with an --indicator fabric prior to backfilling the areas with clean inaterials and seeded with grass where appropriate

Delineation activifies to detemiine the extent of sulfur contaniination in the fonner sulfur pit area were perfonned from 2001 through 2003 and remedial work was perfomied in two separate phases A metal building covering much ofthe area where sulfijr remedial work was to be perfonned was dismanfled and transported offsite for recycling During phase 1 remedial work performed in 2004 soil and concrete were excavated from the elevated loading dock area and the west side ofthe tank fann for off-site treatinent and disposal During phase II remedial work perfonned in 2005 soil and concrete were excavated from the northem tank fann and fonner warehouse boundaries Approximately 3000 tons of soil and crystallized (fomierly molten) sulfur were removed during the 2004 and 2005 removal activities and also shipped to the Waste Management Inc facility in Carlyss Louisiana for off-site disposal

The 2005 ESD changed the xylene ground water cleanup goal from 20 |JgL to 10000 ^gL Since the presence of xylene in ground water could mobilize residual pesticide contamination in soil into ground water the ESD included post-treatment monitoring of the xylene area This monitoring includes all COCs established in the 1996 ROD and a specific assessment of whether the remaining xylene concentrations are sufficiently low to ensure that cosolvency is not facilitating the transport of residual pesticides that might be lingering in the soil If cosolvency is found to be mobilizing residual pesticide contaminants fi-om soil to ground water this assessment will be used to detennine whether further active treatment of xylene to below the federal and state primary standard is necessary

Ground Water

The ground water remedy described in the 1996 ROD has not yet been implemented at the Site due to discovery of contaminafion and investigations at the adjacent Alaric Site and concems that the selected remedy would potentially cause further contaminafion of the aquifer systems Altemative ground water treatments are currently being investigated in the pilot-scale treatability study underway at the Site Supplemental data collection and

21

ground water plume delineafion studies began in 1998 Ground water sampling perfonned in existing surficial aquifer and intemiediate aquifer system monitoring wells in Febmary 1998 resulted in the installation of additional surficial aquifer wells south of the Site to further delineate the nature and extent of contaniination The results ofthis study also detemiined the need for further investigation of ground water contamination in the xylene area (location of 1977 release immediately east ofthe East Warehouse on the Site Figure 3) in the sulfijr area (locafion ofthe fonner sulfiir pit in central courtyard on the Site Figure 3) and in the intemiediate aquifer system

Field activities to address the recommendations ofthe Febmary 1998 investigation were implemented in April 2001 Eight additional monitoring wells (MW-24 through MW-31 Figure 2) were installed south and east ofthe Site on City of Tampa rights-of-way to monitor the extent of contamination in the surficial aquifer Contamination was also identified in shallow areas ofthe intermediate aquifer system Ground water sampling and supplemental field activities were perfonned from October 2002 through January 2003 These activities included intennediate aquifer invesfigations xylene source area invesfigations downgradient surficial aquifer monitoring well installation and sulfur area invesfigations Additional intermediate aquifer system monitoring wells (MW-32 and MW-33 Figure 2) were installed along Orient Road during a November 2002 comprehensive ground water sampling event The new wells were installed to provide intemiediate monitoring points for xylene pesficide and herbicide contamination

While the 2002 and 2003 field acfivities were being perfonned significant chlorinated solvent contamination from the adjacent Alaric Site was discovered in both the surficial aquifer and intennediate aquifer systems this contamination was commingling with the westem portion ofthe Sites ground water plume The implementation ofthe ground water pump-and-treat remedy selected for the Site had the potential to exacerbate contaminant plume migration from the Alaric Site For this reason EPA detennined that implementation ofthe pump-and-treat remedy for the Site should be delayed until delineation and remediation ofthe surficial aquifer at the Alaric Site is completed

Additional comprehensive ground water sampling events were perfonned in May 2005 to provide a baseline for water quality following complefion ofthe sulfur area removal acfions and in December 2006 to detennine current condifions across the monitoring well network Selected wells were also sampled in March August and November 2007 and January 2008 to gauge the overall effectiveness ofthe sulfur area removal in addressing source contaminafion ofthe surficial aquifer Given the probability that the selected pump-and-treat remedy for ground water at the Site would be incompatible with ground water treatnient activities being designed at the adjacent Alaric Site several altemafive management approaches to address ground water contamination in the sulfur area and associated plume were explored

In June 2009 Helena Chemical Conipany presented EPA with a Pilot Test and Interim Monitoring Work Plan to address ground water contamination without implementing the pump-and-treat remedy EPA approved the Work Plan in August 2009 and implementation began in August 2009 The pilot study is expected to last for one year

22

with an additional one-year contingency period The work plan addresses four critical areas of source control and monitoring the sulfur area the xylene area supplemental monitoring efforts and interim ground water monitoring activities while pilot testing is underway

Sulfijr Area Pilot Study

The pilot study objecfive in the sulfijr area is to detennine whether buffering pH and introducing zero-valent iron will allow natural degradation of benzene hexachloride (BHC) and sulfates in the source area through biological or physical mechanisms Low pH elevated sulfate and residual sulfiir in the sulfur area are thought to be inhibiting natural biological degradation processes and minimizing the physical attenuafion of contaminants within the aquifer-matrix which would typically occur through adsorpfion-and aqueous chemical reactions such as hydrolysis Given the residual sulfur in the soil which continues to act as a long-term source for sulfuric acid sulfate control was required in addition to pH controls Zero-valent iron was selected as the primary pilot study treatment technology for the sulfur area because it has been used effectively to facilitate abiofic degradation of BHCs is effecfive at moderating pH and acts as an oxygen scavenger limiting any future oxidafion of residual sulfur in the soil Additional neutralization with lime andor hydroxides and biological sulfate reduction may also be utilized to control pH levels if necessary

Two sulfur study areas known as the East Plot and the West Plot have been implemented in the central courtyard ofthe Site on either side ofthe fomier sulfur pit location (Figure 3) Each plot consists of eight injection wells Cheinical injections were administered in the third quarter of 2009 and sampling is being conducted at 60-day interals for the 360 days following the injections

Xylene Area Pilot Study

The xylene pilot test was designed to gauge the effectiveness of anaerobic biodegradatlon in degrading xylene and residual BHCs Total xylene concentrafions have declined since the 2000 soil removal action in the former xylene tank area but have remained above cleanup goals Site conditions such as low pH lack of nutrients and lack of electron accepting substrates (eg nitrate iron and sulfate) were thought to be limiting xylene and BHC degradadon The pilot test also sought to increase degradation rates without introducing treatments that would complicate efforts in the adjacent sulfijr pilot study bull area so the xylene treatinent was designed in consideration ofthe existing anaerobic Site conditions

One xylene pilot study area was implemented in the fonner xylene tank area (Figure 3) The plot includes six injection wells and 12 monitoring wells The first round of nutrient and electron acceptor substrate injections was perfonned in the third quarter of 2009 and the second round of injections was perfomied in the fourth quarter of 2009 As with the sulfijr pilot study area sampling is being conducted at 60-day intervals for the 360 days following the first round of injections

23

Monitoring Acfivities

Supplemental monitoring efforts in the work plan include installation of monitoring wells on the Fesfive Floats property located directly south ofthe Site on the opposite side of the CSX railway tracks and addifional investigation to detemiine the northem extent of low pH and elevated sulfate and BHC concentrations Until a revised ground water remedy is selected for the Site interini ground water monitoring activities in both the surficial and intermediate aquifer systems will include sampling every nine months to assess seasonal variability in concentrations and monitor for any changes in COC concentrations

24

Figure 3 Map of Pilot Study Area

r

SWTBD

swTZD s w n u

StfT-HD A I ^ raquoswr3u SWTU

swrsu

West Warehouse

SETTO SET1U

SET3U SETD A y A J

I SETSD

sensD raquo SETsu

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X40

XI6D

^^xth 7 -^ ^IZD-- ^

_ X S U X8D B^=^X12tJ bull bull X l fU

X8U xi f lD

Legend

bull Surflclat Adulter Sulfur Arlaquoa P M Test Wall

Surlicii i AquHler Xylene Area Ptky Test Ir^ctnsn MHI

bull Suifidal Aquilei Xylene Area Pikx Tesl Monilming Well

I Sile Bounoaiv J Fee 90 too

L 7WL o NORTH

Figure 3 Site Map

Pilot Study Areas

Helena Chemical Company Superfund Site Tampa Hillsborough County Flonda

Disclaimer This map and any boundary lines within the map are approximate and subject to change The map is not a survey The map is for informational purposes only regarding EPAs response actions at the Site and is not intended for any other purpose

25

43 Operation and Maintenance (OampM)

The 1996 ROD anticipated that the ground water pump-and-treat system would be operated at the Site for a 30-year period and estimated that OampM ofthe system would cost $1289000 over the course ofthe 30 years The ground water remedy selected in the 1996 ROD has not yet been implemented due to developments at the adjacent Alaric Site and ongoing pilot testing at the Site As remedial activities continue with pilot testing there are no OampM acfivities undei-way at the Site and the activities to be addressed in a site OampM plan will depend on the future revised remedy for ground water for the Site

26

50 Progress Since the Last Five-Year Review

The protectiveness statement from the 2006 FYR for the Site stated the following

77^ remedy implemenled at the [Helena Chemical Company Tampa Site currently protects human health and the environment because source area actions implemented for pesticide-contaminated soil and the sulfur pit source area have been completed during this review period Additional evaluations of low pH conditions will be performed to assess the need for supplemental neutralization in conjunction with future groundwater actions No remedial actions for groundwater have been implemented at this time Site data evaluations and remedy evaluations will ensure the remedy will be protective In the interim exposure pathways that could result in unacceptable risks are incomplete Conditions-at the site are not expected to change in the near future given the area s land use (commercialindustrial) However in order for the remedy to be protective in the long term the following actions need to be taken a full evaluation ofthe need for deed reslriclions and if necessary they will be imposed

The 2006 FYR included three issues and recommendafions Table 3 summarizes each recommendation and its current status

Table 3 Progress on Recommendations from the 2006 FYR

Section

51

Recommendations

EPA FDEP and Helena Chemical Company will discuss ground water remedy issues including the need for fijrther assessment of natural attenuation processes Dialogue will generate a priority list for evaluation identify evaluation teclmiques and establish an evaluation timetable Ground water remedy discussions will be initiated by the second quarter of 2006

Parties Responsible

EPA FDEP Helena

Chemical Company

Milestone Date

4302006

Action Taken and Ontcome

Discussions between EPA FDEP and Helena Chemical Company have resulted in the development of a pilot testing work plan to explore treatment options for enliancing biological and physical degradation processes This pilot study was initiated in August 2009

Date of Action

08312009

27

Section

52

53

Recommendations

EPA FDEP and Helena Chemical Company will evaluate ylene source area issues Discussions will include prioritization of any additional RD activities evaluation of remedial cleanup goals etc Xylene remedy discussions will be initiated by the first quarter of 2006

Helena Chemical Company will evaluate the requirements for implementing deed restrictions on the property and whether any remedy-specific requirements must be incorporated into the institutional control A fiill evaluation ofthe need for deed restrictions will be made and if necessary they will be imposed This evaluation will be completed by the fourth quarter of 2006

Parties Responsible

EPA FDEP Helena

Chemical Company

Helena Chemical Company

Milestone Date

4302006

12312006

Action Taken and Outcome-

Pilot test program discussions between EPA FDEP and Helena Chemical Company have resulted in the development of a work plan to explore effectiveness of anaerobic degradation of xylene and BHCs This pilot study was initiated in August 2009

EPA and FDEP are is discussions regarding the restrictive covenant for the Sites soil in order to prevent exposure Land use zoning is consistent vvith soil cleanup criteria and land use is not anticipated to change in the foreseeable future Ground water institutional controls are enforced through an EPA Memorandum of Agreement with the Southwest Florida Water Management District

Date of Action

08312009

Pending

51 Ground Water Remedy Discussions

The ground water pump-and-treat remedy selected in the 1996 ROD has not been implemented due to potential complications arising from commingling ofthe Sites ground water contaminants with those from the adjacent Alaric Site A Pilot Study and Interini Monitoring Work Plan was approved by EPA and implementation began in August 2009 The Work Plan describes the investigafion of chemical injecfions to enhance and facilitate natural physical and biological degradation rates for contaminants in the sulfiir area and in the xylene area The study is designed to assess the following questions

bull Is degradation occurring under pilot conditions

bull Can aquifer geochemistry be adjusted to facilitate remediafion

bull What is the longevity of amendments being injected

28

bull What zone of discharge is developed following injection and what is the expected duration ofthe zone of discharge

The study was scheduled to continue for 12 months with a contingency period of another 12 months if necessary At the conclusion ofthe study these questions will be addressed to detennine next steps in selecting an appropriate ground water remedy for the Site A final report documenting the effecfiveness ofthe first full year ofthe treatability study was not available at the fime this FYR report was drafted therefore a decision regarding whether to implement the additional 12 month contingency period had also not been made

52 Xylene Source Area Discussions

As noted in Section 51 EPA approved the Pilot Study and Interini Monitoring Work Plan in 2009 Per the Work Plan two rounds of nutrient and electron acceptor substrate were injected in the xylene area in late 2009 The injections are expected to enhance natural degradafion rates of xylene and BHCs sampling is being conducted every 60 days The study was scheduled to continue for 12 months with a contingency period of another 12 months if necessary A final report documenting the effectiveness ofthe first full year ofthe treatability study was not available at the time this FYR report was drafted therefore a decision regarding whether to implement the additional 12 month contingency period had also not been made

53 Institutional Controls Evaluation

At the request of FDEP the appropriate land use restrictions for the Site has not been yet been implemented While the ground water remedy is being assessed some interim institutional controls to protect against exposure to ground water contamination have been implemented The Site is presently surrounded by a secured perimeter fence that only pennits access to the property by authorized persons during regular business hours Helena Chemical Company intends to continue Site operations for the foreseeable future and does not intend to sell or lease the property so there is minimal potential for a party to unknowingly become exposed to Site soil or sediment contaniination or to impact the protectiveness ofthe remedial actions already in place The operating facility parcel is zoned light industrial the three Helena Woods parcels are zoned as either vacant land or as a mobile home park The local Planning Commission anticipates all four parcels will be zoned for heavy industrial use in the future which remains consistent with the industrial criteria used in selection of cleanup goals for the Site

EPA has also taken steps to limit the potential for exposure to contaminated Site ground water while ground water treatment pilot testing activities are completed In September 2008 EPA Region 4 and the Southwest Florida Water Management District (SWFWMD) entered into a Memorandum of Agreement regarding Site ground water Per the agreement EPA provides SWFWMD with infonnation regarding the area of ground water impacted or potentially impacted by the Site and SWFWMD acts as the regulatory authority to implement and enforce ground water use restrictions at and near

29

the Site The ground water area impacted by the Site is designated as Zone A marking the contamination zone and Zone B marking a buffer area surrounding Zone A The agreement stipulates that EPA must conduct a well survey of Zones A and B at least once every five years to identify any new wells constructed or operafing since the previous survey EPA remedial project manager (RPM) Galo Jackson conducted the first well survey concurrenfiy with the FYR Site inspection and identified two wells (Figure 2) One well was located along East 9 Avenue on the EQ Florida property in Zone A The second well was located along East 7 Avenue on the RampL Metals property in Zone B SWFWMD was notified of these wells in September 2010 The well in Zone A is currenUypemiitted for industrial use by EQ Florida and the well in Zone B has been plugged and abandoned on the RampL Metals property

SWFWMD has the authority to impose reasonable condifions necessary to protect the applicable water source and to prevent the spread of ground or surface water contaminafion For well construcfion pennits such conditions include prohibiting use of the well as a potable water supply requiring notice to well owners of potential ground water contamination or requiring specific methods ofconstruction Under Florida Administrafive Code (FAC) Rule 40D-3505(3) SWFWMD will deny an application for a well construction pemiit for activity in Zone A if use ofthe well would increase the potential for hanii to public health safety and welfareor if the proposed well would degrade the water quality ofthe aquifer by causing pollutants to spread

30

60 Five-Year Review Process

61 Administrative Components

EPA Region 4 initiated the FYR in May 2010 and scheduled its completion for January 2011 The EPA site review team was led by EPA RPM Galo Jackson and also included EPA site attomey Kevin Beswick EPA Community Involvement Coordinator (CIC) LTonya Spencer and contractor support provided to EPA by Christy Fielden and Sabrina Foster of E Inc In May 2010 EPA held a scoping call with the review team to discuss the Site and itenis of interest as they related to the protectiveness ofthe remedy cunently in place A review schedule was established that consisted ofthe following activities

Community notification Document review Data collection and review Site inspection Local interviews FYR Report development and review

62 Community Involvement

In January 2011 a public notice was published in the Tampa Tribune announcing the commencement ofthe FYR process for the Site providing contact information for RPM Galo Jackson and CIC LTonya Spencer and invifing community participation was published The press notice is available in Appendix B The FYR report will be made available to the public once it has been finalized Copies ofthis docunient will be placed in the designated site repository University of South Florida Library located at 4202 East Fowler Avenue Tampa Florida 33620 Upon completion ofthe FYR a public notice will be placed in the Tampa Tribune to announce the availability ofthe final FYR report in the Sites document repository

63 Document Review

This FYR included a review of relevant site-related documents including the ROD remedial action reports and recent monitoring data A complete list ofthe documents reviewed can be found in Appendix A

ARARs Review

Section 121(d)(2)(A) of CERCLA specifies that Superfund remedial actions must meet any federal standards requirements criteria or limitations that are detennined to be applicable or relevant and appropriate requirements (ARARs) ARARs are those standards criteria or limitations promulgated under federal or state law that specifically address a hazardous substance pollutant contaminant remedial action locafion or other circumstance at a CERCLA site To-Be-Considered criteria (TBCs) are non-promulgated

31

advisories and guidance that are not legally binding but should be considered in detennining the necessary level of cleanup for protection of human health or the environment While TBCs do not have the status of ARARs EPAs approach to detemiining ifan RA is protective of hunian health and the environment involves consideration of TBCs along with ARARs

Chemical-specific ARARs are specific numerical concentration restrictions on individually listed contaminants in specific media Examples of chemical-specific ARARs include the MCLs specified under the Safe Drinking Water Act as well as the ambient water quality criteria enumerated under the Clean Water Act Because there are usually numerous contaminants of potential concem for any Site various numerical quanfity requirements can be ARARs The final remedy selected for this Site was designed to meet or exceed all chemical-specific ARARs and meet location- and action-specific ARARs

Ground Water

According to the 1996 ROD cleanup goals for the nine ground water COCs were selected to ensure that remaining ground water concentrations would not exceed the 1 x 10~ risk level for carcinogens a Hazard Quotient (HQ) of 1 for non-carcinogens under an industrial land use scenario The cleanup goals for 44-DDT endosulfan 1 and endosulfan II were selected based on health-based criteria The site-specific health-based cleanup goal for 44-DDT was less stringent than Floridas ground water guidance and the ROD notes that the cleanup goal may need to be revisited in the future to obtain FDEPs agreement with deletion ofthe Site from the NPL upon completion of cleanup activities

Cleanup goals for aldrin alpha-BHC beta-BHC and dieldrin were based on the Florida Groundwater Guidance Concentration which is a TBC for the Site The cleanup goal for total xylene listed in the 1996 ROD was selected based on the State secondary MCL but was later modified in the 2005 ESD to be consistent with federal and State primary MCLs The cleanup goal for gamma-BHC was selected based on federal and State MCLs

The ARARs for aldrin alpha-BHC beta-BHC and dieldrin were compared to the current Florida Groundwater and Surface Water Contaminant Cleanup Target Levels (62 FAC 777) which is the cuirent State guidance on acceptable ground water contaminant concentrations (Table 4) The ARARs for all four of these COCs have become more stringent since the signing ofthe 1996 ROD The cleanup goals for gamma-BHC and total xylene were compared with National Primary Drinking Water regulations (40 CFR 141-143) and FDEP Drinking Water Standards Monitoring and Reporting Requirements (62 FAC 550310) The cleanup goals for gamma-BHC and total xylene remain the same as in the 1996 ROD and 2005 ESD respectively This review did not find that the assumptions used in calculation ofthe site-specific health-based cleanup goals for 44-DDT endosulfan I and endosulfan II had changed

32

Table 4 Previous and 2010 ARARs for Ground Water COCs

Contaminant of Concern bull bull bull bull ^ - gt J j J bull

44-DDT Aldrin Alpha-BHC Beta-BHC Gamma-BHC Dieldrin Endosulfan I Endosulfan II Total xvlenes

1996 ROD ARAROigL)

03 005 005 01 02 01 2 2

20

2005 ESD ARAR (ugL) r

mdash -mdash mdash mdash mdash mdash mdash

10000

2010 ARAR (UgL)

03 0002 0006 002 02-

0002= 2 7

10000

ARAR Change y - y bull

None More Stringent More Stringent More Stringent

None More Stringent

None None None

a Site-specific health-based standaid selecled to ensure tlial remaining ground waler concenirations would nol exceed lhe 1 x 10 risk level for carcinogens an HQ of 1 Ior non-carcinogens or the inslRimenl quantitation limit under an industrial land use scenaiio

b Cleanup goal selecled based on Florida Groundwater Guidance Concenlralion which is a TBC for ihc Sile c Cleanup goal selecled based on federal and Florida MCLs d Cleanup goal selected based on Florida secondary MCLs e Florida Groundwater and Surface Waler Cleanup Target Levels are available al

lmpAvwwdepslatenuswasicqiiick ionicsrulcsdocunieiils62-777TablelGroundwalciCTLs4-l 7-05ndllaccessed 8122010) A comparison of Floridas 1999 and 2005 Groundwater and Surface Waler Cleanup Target Levels is available al hllpu-vvvvdenslatenuswaslequick lopicsnublicalionswcbrownlicldsConipTabiesGroundwalerandSurli ccVValerCieaniipTartJelL evelspdf

f Cunent MCLs are based on federal (40 CFR 141-1431 and slate (62 FAC 550310) drinking waler slandards Federal standards are based on Nalional Primary and Secondaiy Drinking Waler Maximum Contaminant Levels (IU(p7valcrcpacovdrinkconlaininanlsindexcrniSLisi accessed S122010) and slale standards are based on Florida Slale Drinking Waler Synthetic Organic Conlajuinanls and their Slandards (hU|iwwwdcpslalciluswalerdrinkinswalersvn conlum accessed S122010)

g Gamma-BHC is lisied as lindane in federal and state MCLs

64 Data Review

Confinnatory sampling for the 2000 pesticide area removal action and for the 2004 and 2005 sulfijr area removal actions was perfonned immediately following the removals Surface soil and sediment with COC concentrations above industrial use cleanup goals had been effectively removed and no further sampling or OampM activities are required for surface soil and sediment

Ground water pilot test activities cunently underway include baseline sampling and four subsequent sampling events for the sulfur area (Table 5) and the xylene area (Table 6) The treatability study sampling events have been implemented as follows

Baseline sampling in August 2009 60-Day Event sampling in November 2009 120-Day Event sampling in January 2010 180-Day Event sampling in March 2010 and 240-Day Event sampling in May 2010

The pilot test is invesfigating methods for the biological and physical degradation of Site contaminants Follow-up sampling analyzes various aqueous geochemical parameters in addition to contaminant concentrations Per the EPA-approved work plan routine sampling analyses include four of the nine ground water COCs alpha-BHC beta-BHC

33

gamma-BHC and total xylenes in addition to various other contaminants and break-down products

In both the sulfur area and the xylene area ground water concentrations of alpha-BHC beta-BHC and gamma-BHC have predominantly remained consistent with baseline sampling levels and largely remain elevated above cleanup goals for the Site In the sulfur area total xylene concentrations in ground water when detected are well below the cleanup goal of 10000 igL The xylene release at the Site occurred downgradient from the fomier sulfur pit and these low concentrations of xylene are consistent with expectations for this area In the xylene area total xylene concentrations are responding to the treatment showing declines below the cleanup goal in several wells (eg X3U X5U X9U and XI IU) but showing increasing concentrations in other wells (eg X6D X7U and X8D) Only data fromthe first nine months ofthe treatability study were mdash available at the time this FYR report was being drafted detennination ofthe effectiveness of these treatments must wait until the study has been completed

Ofthe site-related VOCs present in the ground water plume only xylene and possibly ethylbenzene are present in the surficial aquifer and poses a potential vapor intrusion concem Remedial contractor EnSafe Inc included an updated total xylene plume map as Figure 5-5 in the 2009 Pilot Test and Interim Monitoring Work Plan This figure shows that concentrations at or above the xylene ground vater cleanup goal are located on the Helena Chemical Conipany property along the CSX Railroad right-of-way or under the railroad tracks The few buildings within this plume area are open-sided warehouse structures on the Helena Chemical Company property and thus a vapor intmsion assessment has not been necessary

Table 5 Sulfur Area Pilot Test COC Detections in Ground Water to Date

Well Sampled

Sampling Event

(Cleanup Goal)

COCs and Detected Concentrations (pgL)

Alpha-BHC

(005 pgL)

Beta-BHC -yy (01 pgL)

Gamma-BHC

(02 pgL)

Total Xylenes

(10000 pgL)

Ecw Plot Wells

SETIU

SET2D

SET3U

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

23 D

31

17

19

24

44 D

39

26

26

38

22

19

33 J

36 1

4

25

29

12 D

045

056

059

086

3

41

43 J

68

42

57

52

11 D

066

044

047

07

55

39 1

191

NA

0461

NA

31

U

NA

033 I

NA

082

58

NA

34

J y -Well

Sampled

SET4D

SET5U

SET6D

SET7U

SET8D

Sampling Event

(Cleanup Goal)

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

1 so-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

y y j COCs and Detected Concentrations (pgL)

Alpha-BHC

(005 pgL)

17

17

28

41 D

62

37

3

37

21 D

bull 17

13

26

34

97 D

46

44

28

63

12

14

11

11

14

47

36

32

39

47

Beta-BHC

(OI pgL)

33

21

3

061 J

15

094

0461

- 068

36

41

47

4

61

12

12

095

078 1

075

13

16 1

13

15

15

087

073

064

08 1

076

Gamma-BHC

(02 pgL)

44

341

57

074 J

087

12

046 1

- - 052

39

37 1

31

51

48

11

082 1

05

04 1

043

32

27

28

23

28

1

14

11

1 I

095

Total Xylenes

(10000 pgL)

86

NA

7

171

NA

11 1

NA

036

64

NA

3

NA

39

25

NA

76

NA

56

21

NA

35

NA

15

U

NA

33

NA

17

laquocv Plot Wells

SWTIU

SWT2D

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

1 so-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

19 IJ

099

14

13

22

048 J

U

U

0031

063 J

053

052

06

075

023 J

U

U

014

U

032

038

03

059

U

U

U

000941

U

NA

U

NA

U

0441

NA

07 1

NA

35

Well Sampled

SWT3U

SWT4D

SWT5U

SWT6D

SWT7U

SWT8D

-bull i

Sampling Event

(Cleanup Goal)

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

COCs and Detected Concentrations (pgL)

Alpha-BHC

(005 pgL)

U

075 J

18

13

14

22

073

018 --

U

U

U

51

U

16

41

18

037 J

073

056

057

061

039

029

045

059

073

028

02

015

016

011

Beta-BHC

(01 pgL)

U

021

079

035

033

047

036

- 0094

U

U

U

26

23

093

022 1

036

029 1

033

022

U

026

03

039

047

057

051

U

013

011

U

0056

Gamtiia-BHC

(02 pgL)

U

u 029

0084

019

022

U

012

011

012

U

24

24

08

052

U

U

0031 I

U

U

U

U

U

u u u u

00171

002 I J

U

U

Total Xylenes

(10000 pgL)

U n

NA

U

NA

069

U

NA

U

NA

U

72

NA

73

NA

60

36

NA

U

NA

U

U

NA

U

NA

U

92

NA

U

NA

U

D value reported from second diluiion 1 eslimaled valuebelow reporting limil J eslimaled value NA nol analyzed U undetected fitilic- COC was detected bul concentration was below cleanup goal

36

Table 6 Xylene Area Pilot Test COC Detections in Ground Water to Date

yy-

J j Well Sampled

XIU

X2D

X3U

X4D

X5U

X6D

X7U

Sampling Event

(Cleanup Goal)

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

_Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

COCs and Detected Concentrations (pgL)

Alpha-BHC

(005 pgL)

8 D

NA

NA

56

NA

71

NA

NA

58 J

NA

15D

NA

NA

15

NA

12D

NA

NA

23

NA

78 D

NA

NA

44 J

NA

52 D

NA

NA

28 J

NA

61 D

NA

NA

46

NA

Beta-BHC

(01 pgL)

19 D

NA

NA

13 J

NA

17

NA

NA

17J

NA

3 J

NA

NA

36

NA

13J

NA

NA

13 1

NA

093 ID

NA

NA

08 J

NA

091 ID

NA

NA

07 J

NA

12D

NA

NA

089

NA

Gamma-BHC

(02 pgL)

U

NA

NA

U

NA

071 I

NA

NA

14 J

NA

046 J

NA

NA

bull056

NA

42 J

NA

NA

82

NA

U

NA

NA

O I J

NA

38 D

NA

NA

2 J

NA

U

NA

NA

U

NA

Total Xylene

(10000 pgL)

200

13

11

23

29

180

56

54

150

42

23000

11000

13000

1400

4500

19000

12000

19000

22000

15000

18000

21000

20000

3200

13000

3000

1100

6000

40000

3000

24000

31000

37000

81000

34000

37

Well Sampled

X8D

X9U

bull XIOD

X l l U

X12D

Sampling Event

(Cleanup Goal)

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

COCs and Detected Concentrations (pgL)

Alpha-BHC

(005 pgL)

57

NA

NA

21 J

NA

39

NA

NA

53

NA

43

NA

NA

59

NA

81

NA

NA

49

NA

39

NA

NA

56

NA

Beta-BHC

(01 pgL)

14

NA

NA

018 U

NA

021 I

NA

NA

026 J

NA

049

NA

NA

061 I

NA

097

NA

NA

075 1

NA

064 1

NA

NA

093 ID

NA

Gamma-BHC

(02 pgL)

12

NA

NA

057 U

NA

025 1

NA

NA

017 J

NA

45

NA

NA

7

NA

U

NA

NA

U

NA

16

NA

NA

34

NA

Total Xylene

(10000 pgL)

960

7100

27000

19000

5700

22000

14000

35000

2700

950

770

260

780

760

540

14000

3800

1600

600

11000

4900

250

I I00

5800

9300 D value reponed from second dilution 1 eslimaled value below reponing limit J estimated value NA nol analyzed U not applicable Ilalics COC was delecled bul concenlralion was below cleanup goal

38

65 Site Inspection

On July 8 2010 the site inspection was perfomied by the following participants Galo Jackson of EPA Region 4 Edward Brister ofthe Helena Chemical Coinpany and Christy Fielden and Sabrina Foster of E~ Inc The completed Site inspection checklist is available in Appendix D Photographs were taken of site features including monitoring wells and access controls (Appendix E)

The Site has been in continuous operation since 1929 as an agricultural chemical manufacturing and distributing facility The bulk of chemical fonnulation activifies have been moved off-site to a different Helena Cheinical Coinpany facility in Georgia however some formulation and packaging of insecticidal spray oil and liquid fertilizers still occur at the Site The Site also serves as Helena Chemical Companys main-distribution warehouse for sales locations in the State of Florida

The Site inspection was led by Mr Ed Brister the Engineering Safety Health and Environment Director for the Helena Chemical Company who provided a tour ofthe full Helena Chemical Coinpany property indicating where remedial actions had been implemented and explaining the locations and associated activifies of current pilot testing for the ground water treatability study Several monitoring and injection wells were located during the Site inspection all active site wells were properly secured or had been appropriately abandoned Injection and monitoring wells for the adjacent Alaric Site were noted on the Helena Woods area ofthe Site but were not inspected since they are related to a different site The Site is well maintained and has a secure perimeter fence and clear signage in place Unauthorized persons are restricted from accessing the property outside of regular business hours

Evaluation and implementafion of institutional controls were discussed during the Site inspection Several interim institutional controls have been implemented for the Site and final institutional controls including land use restrictions will be evaluated and implemented if necessary once the current pilot-scale ground water remedy treatability study has concluded and a revised ground water remedy has been selected Zoning designations and the Helena Chemical Companys intention to continue operations at the Site for the foreseeable future liniit the potential for inappropriate land uses or on-site operations incompatible with remedy components in place EPA has also implemented ground water institutional controls through a Memorandum of Agreement with SWFWMD

On July 7 2010 E Inc staff conducted research regarding Site deed infonnation at the Hillsborough County Deed Records Office The approximately eight-acre Site is situated on four parcels of land 1) 65-acre Parcel A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000220 2) 088-acre Parcel A-14-29-I9-4CA-000000-000320 3) 092-acre Parcel A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000330 and 4) 017-acre Parcel A-14-29-19-4CE-000003-000010 (Figure 4) Deed records for the four parcels could not be located in the online database or microfilm collection at the deeds office Galo Jackson EPA RPM for the Site was infonned that the deeds could not be located and conducted a title search for the property through EPA

39

databases but was also unable to locate deed records According to the Hillsborough County Property Appraisers Office all four parcels are presently owned by Helena Chemical Company The active cheinical distribufion warehouse is located on Parcel A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000220

On July 8 2010 E Inc staff visited the designated local Site repository at the University of South Florida Library located at 4202 East Fowler Avenue Tampa Florida 33620 as part ofthe site inspection The site repository contained fourteen volumes of administrative documents and other infonnation pertaining to the Site This infomiation included documentation ofthe initial remedial investigation and feasibility study as well as a copy ofthe 1996 ROD The 2005 ESD and 2006 FYR could not be located at the time ofthe Site inspection but were provided to the library by RPM Galo Jackson on January 212011

The 1996 ROD called for institutional controls to be put in place as part of both the soil and sediment remedy and the ground water remedy (Table 7) According to the ROD soil and sediment institutional controls were to include deed restrictions Fencing was to provide an engineering control The Site is presently surrounded by a secured perimeter fence and access gates are locked outside of nonnal business hours The operating facility parcel is currently zoned as light industrial and the Helena Woods parcels are zoned as vacant land and a mobile home park The local Planning Commission anficipates rezoning all four parcels for heavy industrial use The fiature anficipated land use is consistent with the industrial exposure criteria used in the selection of Site cleanup goals The ROD also called for deed restrictions to restrict the use of site-impacted ground water on and off the Site in order to limit exposure to contaminated ground water until cleanup goals are achieved EPA and FDEP are in discussions regarding the restrictive covenant in order to prevent fijture exposure to Site soil A 2008 Memorandum of Agreement between EPA Region 4 and SWFWMD addresses the need to restrict the use of site-related ground water The agreement establishes regular communication between the two agencies and affinns SWFWMDs regulatory authority to implement and enforce ground water use restrictions at the Site This authority addresses well constmction pemiits restrictions on use of wells for potable water supply and requirements that well owners be notified of ground water contaniination that may impact their wells At the request ofthe FDEP once the treatability study is completed and a revised ground water remedy for the Site has been selected the need for additional ground water institutional controls will be reevaluated and the existing institutional controls will be modified or new institufional controls will be implemented as appropriate

40

Figure 4 Site Parcel Map

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Legend

I Site Parcels

I ^ _ J site Boundary

AjiprowmatBBoundary o tSurfc ia l Aquiter Ground Whter Pfume |

Approximate Boundary of in tennedia te Aquieet Sys t em Ground w a t e r R u m e

A i Parcels

Helena Chemical Company Superfund Site Tampa Hillsborough County Florida

Disc la imer Th i s m a p and any b o u n d a r y l ines w i th in the m a p a re a p p r o x i m a t e a n d subject to c h a n g e T h e m a p is not a survey T h e m a p is for

informat ional pu rposes only r ega rd ing E P A s r e s p o n s e ac t ions at t h e Si te and is not in tended for any o the r purpose

41

Table 7 Institutional Control (IC) Summary Table

Media

Ground Water

Soil and Sediment

ICs Needed

Yes

Yes

ICs Called for in the Decision Documents

Yes

Yes

IC Objective

Restrict use of contaminated ground water to limit exposure until cleanup goals are achieved

Restrict land uses to industrial or similar

The 1996 ROD also listed fencing as an institutional control for soil and sed not been included above because it is considered an engineering control

Instrument in Place

The 1996 ROD called for deed notices as the institutional control instrument These have not been implemented However a 2008 Memorandum of Agreement between EPA and SWFWMD confirms SWFWMDs regulatory authority to restrict well constmction restrict well use as a potable water source and requiring that well owners benotified of ground water contamination that may impact their wells This authority applies to on-site parcels as well as off-site parcels covering the entire area affected by site-related ground water contamination

The land use restrictions called for in the 1996 ROD have not been implemented however Helena Chemical Company has maintained operations at the Site tliroughout remedial activities and intends to continue Site operations for the foreseeable future A restrictive covenant will be placed on the Site to ensure the Site is only used for industrial purposes The operating facility parcel is presently zoned for light industrial use and all four parcels will soon be rezoned for heavy industrial use which is consistent with the industrial exposure criteria used in selecting cleanup goals for the Site A secure perimeter fence restricts access to the Site limiting the potential for inadvertent soil exposure

ment source control however this has

42

66 Interviews

During the FYR process interviews were conducted with parties impacted by the Site including the current landowners and regulatory agencies involved in Site activities or aware ofthe Site The purpose ofthe interviews was to document the perceived status of the Site and any perceived problems or successes with the phases ofthe remedy that have been implemented to date Intei^views with Mr Jackson and Mr Brister were conducted during the site inspection on July 8 2010 Interviews with Ms Milicic and Ms Yeargan were conducted via e-mail on August 23 2010 and September 27 2010 respectively Several nearby businesses were also contacted but declined or did not have interest in being interviewed about the Site Interviews are summarized below and complete interviews are included in Appendix C

Galo Jackson Mr Jackson is the EPA RPM for the Site Mr Jackson indicates that a pilot-scale treatability study for site ground water is presently underway Results are being routinely shared with EPA and FDEP while there have been many challenges and it is still too early to detennine whether the treatments being explored can effecfively address ground water contamination he is hopeful that the treatments will be successful He has not received any complaints or inquiries from the community in the past five years and is not aware of any effects the Site may have had on the surrounding community He is pleased with the regular updates and infonnation he receives from the remedial contractor EnSafe Inc

Edward Brister Mr Brister is the Engineering Safety Health and Environinent Director for the Helena Chemical Conipany Mr Brister indicates that he is pleased with progress at the Site and believes that the remedial activities taken to date are perfomiing successfully He feels well infonned about activities and progress at the Site He does not know of any effects that the Site has had on the surrounding cominunity beyond the potential for Superfiind stigma which is common at many similar sites Mr Brister indicates that there is one residence in the area ofthe Site and that the owners a couple had expressed concems to him in the past He notes that the couple was temporarily relocated during removal activities in 2000 and again during sulfijr area removal actions in 2004 and 2005 Other than his discussions with the couple who were temporarily relocated he has not heard any complaints or concems from the cominunity regarding the Site

Karen Milicic Ms Milicic is the FDEP project manager for the Site Ms Milicic thinks that activities at the Site are making progress in addressing site COCs She is aware ofthe treatability study work that is presently underway and feels very well infonned regarding progress at the Site She believes that it is sfill too early to comment on the effectiveness ofthe current treatments being explored for ground water at the Site as the treatability study has not yet concluded She is not aware of any complaints or inquiries regarding the Site over the last five years

Mary Yeargan Ms Yeargan is the Environmental Protection Commission of Hillsborough County project manager for the Site Ms Yeargan has been involved at the

43

Site for many years and participated in the previous 2006 FYR site inspection She indicates that the Site is situated in an area that is impacted by multiple Superfijnd sites as well as other facilities that contribute to blight in the area She acknowledges that the Site may contribute to some more general community concems about the presence of Superfijnd sites in the area but she does not think that the Site specifically has been the source of concem within the larger area Since the 2006 FYR Ms Yeargan has received one complaint about potential ground water contaniination that a community member thought may have resulted from one ofthe area Superfund sites The well was tested by the Department of Public Health contamination was not detected in the sampling and the well was found to be safe for continued use She is not aware of any changes in laws or land use in the area that would impact the Site Given the shortage of lands available for heavy industrial uses she thinks it would be unlikely for the zoning ofthe parcels that compose the Site-to be changed to anything other than heavy industrial-She feels welf infomied about site activities and remains in regular communication as needed with EPA RPM Galo Jackson

44

70 Technical Assessment

71 Question A Is the remedy functioning as intended by the decision documents

The review of documents ARARs risk assumptions and the Site inspection indicate that the Sites soil remedy is functioning as intended by Site decision documents for soil and sediment Pesticide-contaminated surface soil and sediment at the Site and the adjacent CSX railway line east drainage ditch were excavated and shipped offsite for biological treatment and disposal Contaminated soil and residual sulfur were also excavated and shipped offsite for disposal Since there is commingling ofthe Sites ground water plumes with those ofthe adjacent Alaric Site the pump-and-treat ground water remedy selected in the 1996 ROD may not cunently be appropriate to implement at the Site until

- the Alaric Sites plumes have been remediated Helena Chemical Conipany proposed a pilot-scale treatability study to evaluate the feasibility of biological and physical ground water contaminant degradation The Work Plan for this treatability study was approved by EPA in August 2009 The study is currently underway and was scheduled to conclude by the fourth quarter of 2010 with a contingency period of another 12 months if necessary A final report documenting the effectiveness ofthe first fijll year ofthe treatability study was not available at the time this FYR report was drafted therefore a decision regarding whether to implement the additional 12 month contingency period had also not been made The final results ofthe treatability study will be used to infonn the selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site In the event that the treatability study is not successful EPA may consider additional avenues to approach remediation including additional excavation

The 1996 ROD selected the implementation of institutional controls in the form of deed restrictions for soil sediment and ground water to limit exposure to site-related contamination Fencing was also required by the 1996 ROD Land use restrictions have not been implemented for the Site however some interim institutional controls to protect against exposure to ground water contamination have been implemented Helena Chemical Company intends to confinue Site operations for the foreseeable future and has no intention to sell lease or transfer any portion ofthe Site Cunent and future zoning designations are consistent with the industrial land use criteria used in selection of Site COC cleanup goals In 2008 EPA entered into a Memorandum of Agreement with the SWFWMD The document confirms SWFWMDs regulatory authority to place restrictions on well placement and constmction Through shared infomiation between the two agencies SWFWMD can make infomied pennitting and enforcement decisions to prevent exposure to ground water contamination that could pose a risk to hunian health No impacted ground water wells are used for potable water buildings at the Site and in the surrounding area are connected to municipal water supply lines The need for additional institufional controls will be evaluated upon selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site

The Site is well-maintained and is surrounded by a secured perimeter fence with signs restricting access Access is limited to authorized persons during regular business hours

45

All site-related wells are secured or if no longer operational have been properly abandoned

72 Question B Are the exposure assumptions toxicity data cleanup levels and remedial action objectives (RAOs) used at the time of remedy selection still valid

The ARARs for four ofthe nine ground water COCs aldrin alpha-BHC beta-BHC and dieldrin have become more stringent since the signing ofthe 1996 ROD During the current ground water treatability study both alpha-BHC and beta-BHC have been detected at levels greater than the RODs less stringent cleanup goals for these COCs Remedial activities at the Site have allowed the continued industrial use ofthe property and have reduced ecological risk at the Site The selection of a revised ground water remedy is required before achieving the remaining two RAOs 1) protection of ground water from continued degradation by Site contaminants and 2) reduction of risk to human health within EPAs acceptable risk range Residual soil contamination remains present below the water table and the ground water plume continues to exceed cleanup goals The industrial land use at the Site and in the surrounding area is unchanged since the ROD was signed therefore the exposure assumpfions are still valid Benzene and ethylbenzene are being detected in the groundwater at concentrations above the primary drinking-water standards

73 Question C Has any other information come to light that could call into question the protectiveness ofthe remedy

No other infomiation has come to light that could call into question the protectiveness of the remedy

74 Technical Assessment Summary

The review of documents ARARs risk assumptions and the Site inspection indicate that the Sites soil remedy is functioning as intended by Site decision documents for soil and sediment Pesticide-contaminated surface soil and sediment at the Site and the adjacent CSX railway line east drainage ditch were excavated and shipped offsite for biological treatment and disposal Contaminated soil and residual sulfur were also excavated and shipped off-site for disposal Since there is commingling ofthe Sites ground water plumes with those ofthe adjacent Alaric Site the pump-and-treat ground water remedy selected in the 1996 ROD may not currently be appropriate to implement at the Site until the Alaric Sites plumes have been remediated Helena Chemical Company proposed a pilot-scale treatability study to evaluate the feasibility of biological and physical ground water contaminant degradafion The work plan for this treatability study was approved by EPA in August 2009 The study is currenfiy underway and was scheduled to conclude by the fourth quarter of 2010 vvith a contingency period of another 12 months if necessary A final report documenting the effectiveness ofthe first full year ofthe treatability study was not available at the time this FYR report was drafted therefore a decision regarding whether to implement the additional 12 month contingency period had also not been made The final results ofthe treatability study will be used to infonn the selection of a

46

revised ground water remedy for the Site In the event that the treatability study is not successful EPA may consider addifional avenues to approach remediation including additional excavation

The ARARs for four ofthe nine ground water COCs aldrin alpha-BHC beta-BHC and dieldrin have become more stringent since the signing ofthe 1996 ROD During the current ground water treatability study both alpha-BHC and beta-BHC have been detected at levels greater than the cuirent less-stringent cleanup goal for these COCs Remedial activities at the Site have allowed the continued industrial use ofthe property and have reduced ecological risk at the Site The selection of a revised ground water remedy is required before achieving the remaining two RAOs 1) protection of ground water from confinued degradation by Site contaminants and 2) reduction of risk to

-human health within EPAs acceptable risk range Residual soil contaniination remains present below the water table and the ground water plume continues to exceed cleanup goals The industrial land use at the Site and in the surrounding area has not changed since the ROD was signed therefore the exposure assumptions are still valid

The 1996 ROD selected the implementation of institutional controls in the fomi of deed restrictions for soil sediment and ground water to liinit exposure to site-related contamination Fencing was also required by the 1996 ROD Land use restrictions have not been implemented for the Site however some interim institufional controls to protect against exposure to ground water contamination have been implemented Helena Chemical Company intends to continue Site operations for the foreseeable future and has no intention to sell lease or transfer any portion ofthe Site Current and future zoning designations are consistent with the industrial land use criteria used in selection of site COC cleanup goals In 2008 EPA entered into a Memorandum of Agreement with the SWFWMD The document confinns SWFWMDs regulatory authority to place restrictions on well placement and constmction Through shared infonnation between the two agencies SWFWMD can make infonned pemiitting and enforcement decisions to prevent exposure to ground water contamination that could pose a risk to hunian health No impacted ground water wells are used for potable water buildings at the Site and in the surrounding area are connected to municipal water supply lines The need for additional institutional controls will be evaluated upon selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site

The Site is well-maintained and is surrounded by a secured perimeter fence with signs restricting access Access is limited to authorized persons during regular business hours All site-related wells have been secured or if no longer operational have been properly abandoned

47

80 Issues

Table 8 summarizes the current site issues

Table 8 Current Site Issues

Issue

A revised ground water remedy for the Site has not been selected or implemented and sampling events continue to detect COC concentrations in ground water that are greater than cleanup goals Land use restrictions for the Site have not yet been implemented

Affects Current Protectiveness

(Yes or No)

No

No

Affects Future Protectiveness

(Yes or No)

Yes

Yes

48

90 Recommendations and Follow-up Actions

Table 9 provides recommendations to address the current site issues

Table 9 Recommendations to Address Current Site Issues

Issue

A revised groundshywater remedy for the Site has not been selected or mdash implemented and sampling events continue to detect COC concentrations in ground water that are greater than cleanup goals

Land use restrictions for the Site have not yet been implemented

Recommendations Follow-Up Actions

- At the conclusion ofthe current pilot study evaluate results and if appropriate docunient the selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site

A restrictive covenant will be concluded designed to ensure the Site remains industrial

Party Responsible

PRP

PRP

Oversight Agency

EPA

EPA

Milestone Date

01312012

01312012

Affects Protectiveness

(Yes or No) Current

No

No

Future

Yes

Yes

49

100 Protectiveness Statements

The Sites remedy currently protects huinan health and the environment in the short-tenn because it is functioning as intended by the Sites decision documents for soil and sediment Source materials have been excavated and removed for off-site treatment and disposal The selected ground water remedy has not yet been implemented due to concems with promoting migration ofthe ground water plume from the neighboring Alaric Site A pilot-scale bioremediafion treatability study is underway and will hopefully aid in the selecfion of a revised ground water remedy for the Site The affected surficial aquifer in the vicinity ofthe Site is not used for potable water supply and area residents and businesses are connected to municipal water supply In order for the remedy to be protective in the long-tenn issues conceming implementation of a revised ground water remedy and institutional controls should be addressed

50

110 Next Review

This Site is a statutory Site that requires ongoing FYRs as long as waste is left on site that does not allow for unrestricted use and unlimited exposure The next FYR will be due within five years ofthe signatureapproval date ofthis FYR

51

Appendix A List of Documents Reviewed

CERCLA Infonnafion System Site Infomiation accessed from website httpcfpubepa^ovsupercpadcursitescsitinfocfinid=0400674 Accessed May 12 2010

EPA Record of Decision Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) EPA ID FLD053502696 Prepared by US EPA Region 4 May 7 1996

Explanation of Significant Differences Helena Chemical Superfund Site Tampa Hillsborough County FL Prepared by US EPA Region 4 January 27 2005

First Five-Year Review Report for Helena Chemical Company Tampa Hillsborough County Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for US EPA Region 4 January 31 2006 mdash

First Quarter 2010 Pilot Test Implementation Report Helena Chemical Company Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Chemical Conipany July 7 2010

Fourth Quarter 2009 Pilot Test Implementation Report Helena Chemical Company Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Chemical Coinpany March 12 2010

Memorandum of Agreement between the US Environmental Protection Agency Region 4 Superfund Division and the Southwest Florida Water Management District September 11 2008

Pilot Test and Interini Monitoring Work Plan for the Helena Chemical Conipany Superfund Site Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Chemical Company June 30 2009

Pilot Test Implementation Report Helena Cheinical Company Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Chemical Company December 22 2009

Second Quarter 2010 Pilot Test Implementation Report Helena Chemical Conipany Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Chemical Company September 23 2010

Third Quarter 2009 Pilot Test Implementation Report Helena Chemical Company Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Cheinical Coinpany December 22 2009

A-l

Appendix B Press Notice

y PRoA^

U S Environmental Protection Agency Region 4 Announces a Five-Year Review for

the Helena Chemical Company Superfund Site Tampa Hillsborough Countj Florida

PurposeObjective The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is conducting a Five-Year Review ofthe remedy for the Helena Chemical Company Superfuiid site (Site) in Tampa Florida The purpose ofthe Five-Year Review is to ensure that the selected cleanup actions effectively protect human health and the environment

Site~Background The Site covers approximately eight acres and is located in the Orient Park industrial area in Tampa Floiida The ~ facility was built in 1929 as a chemical plant for the production of sulfur The initial owners manufactured wettable and dusting sulfur and formulated pesticides herbicides fungicides and fertilizers at the facility Helena Chemical Company purchased the property in 1967 and continued these manufacturing operations until 1981 The company moved its pesticide herbicide and fiingicide formulation operations to Georgia in 1981 but has continued to fonnulate insecticidal petroleum oil and liquid fertilizers at the facility Former manufacturing operations by Helena Chemical Company and its predecessors resulted in soil and ground water contamination EPA placed the Site on the National Priorities List (NPL) in October 1992

Cleanup Actions In 1996 EPA signed the Record of Decision (ROD) for the Site which selected a remedy to clean up contaminants by excavating and treating contaminated soils disposing of sulfur-contaminated soils offsite neutralizing soil pH and containing ground water contamination to prevent off-site migration Between 2000 and 2005 more than 10000 tons of contaminated soils were excavated for treatment and soils with sulfur contamination were disposed of off site After the soil removals lime was incorporated into remaining on-site soils to neutralize the sulfuric acid present four feet below the land surface However the addition of lime appears to have had minimal effect on areas with low pH Design ofthe ground water treatment system was delayed due to the need to distinguish between source contamination at the Site and source contaniination emanating from another Superfijnd site the Alaric Area Ground Water Plume site which is located adjacent to the Site Ground water sampling conducted in 2007 concluded that pesticide concentrations at the Site continue to exceed cleanup goals established in the ROD and require remedial action Several pilot-scale treatability studies commenced in 2009 and are presently underway

Five-Vear Review Schedule The National Contingency Plan requires that remedial actions that result in any hazardous substances pollutants or contaminants remaining at the Superfimd Sites above levels that allow for unlimited use and unrestricted exposure be reviewed every five years to ensure the protection of human health and the environment The second ofthe Five-Year Reviews for this Site will be completed in January 2011

EPA invites community participation in the Five-Year Review process EPA is conducting this Five-Year Review to evaluate the effectiveness ofthe Sites remedy and to ensure that the remedy remains protective of human health and the environment As part ofthe Five-Year Review process EPA staff are available to answer any questions about the Site Community members who have questions about the Site or the Five-Year Review process or vvho would like to participate in a community interview are asked to contact

Galo Jackson Remedial Project Manager LTonya Spencer Community Involvement Coordinator Phone 404-562-8937 Phone 404-562-8463 1 -800-435-9234 (toll free) E-mail jacksongaloMjepauov E-mail spencerlatonva(5)epagov

Mailing Address EPA Region 4 Sam Nunn Atlanta Federal Center 61 Forsyth St SW Mail Code 9T25 Atlanta GA 30303-8960

Site information is also available at the Sites local document repository at University of South Florida Library 4202 East Fowler Avenue Tampa Florida 33620 and online at httpwvwepcigovi-egion4wasteitplitplflshelenafl-hlin

B-

Appendix C Interview Forms

Interview Form 2011 Five-Year Review - Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) Site Tampa FL

Site Name Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) EPA ID No FLD053502696 Interviewer Name Sabrina Foster Affiliation E Inc Subjects Name Galo Jackson Affiliation EPA Region 4 Subjects Contact Information iacksongalo(fl)epagov Time 915 am Date July 8 2010 Type of Interview (Circle one) In Person Phone Mail Other Location of Interview Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) site

IVIiat is your overall impression ofthe project In tenns ofthe pilot-scale treatability study for water the project is on schedule We are getting results back having them reviewed but it is still too early to tell what the final result will be The treatability study has been challenging but I am hopeful that it will work

2 What effect has this site had on the surrounding community ifany^7 None that 1 am aware of

3 How well do you believe the remedy currently in place is performing7 Do you believe the monitoring data show the remedys effectiveness^ As 1 said before we are still working on the treatability study so it is really too early to tell The study is still in early stages

4 Are you aware of any complaints or inquiries regarding environmental issues or the remedial action from residents since implementation ofthe cleanup 1 have not received any in the last five years

5 Are you aware of any changes in projected land use at or near the site No as far as I know it is all still zoned for heavy industrial use

6 Do you feel well informed about the site y activities and progress Yes EnSafe are the remedial contractors and they do a good job keeping me well-in fonn ed

7 Do you have any commenis suggeslions or recommendations regarding the sile s management or operation Not really The treatability study is underway and 1 am hopeful that it will work

C-1

Site Name Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) EPA ID No FLD053502696 Interviewer Name Sabrina Foster Affiliation E Inc Subjects Name Ed Brister Affiliation Helena Chemical Company Subjects Contact Information bristere(laquo)helenachemicacom Time 900 am Date July 8 2010 Type of Interview (Circle one) In Person Phone Mail Other Location of Interview Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) site

1 What is your overall impression ofthe project My impression is that it is good and has been a successful project

2 What e f f y has this site had on the surrounding community ifany mdash We dont know of any effect on the surrounding community Certainly there hasnt been

an effect on human health At any site like this you are going to have stigma issues but we dont hear any concerns out ofthe community about it

3 How well do you believe the remedy currently in place is performing 1 think it is doing well

4 Are you aware of any complaints or inquiries regarding environmental issues or the remedial action from residents since implementation ofthe cleanup Yes During the implementation ofthe cleanup the soil excavations we did hear of concems Irom a neighbor [Resident 1] We addressed her concems by temporarily moving her and her husband from their home for a couple of months to a location south of here We temporarily moved the [residents] twice once during the big removal in 2000 and again during the excavation and removal ofthe sulfur area in 2004-2005

5 Are you aware of any changes in projected land use at or near the site No not for here or for the surrounding areas

6 Do you feel well informed about the site s activities and progress Yes

7 Do you have any commenis suggestions or recommendations regarding the site f management or operation No

C-2

SiteName Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) EPA ID No FLD053502696 Subjects Name Karen Milicic Affiliation FDEP Subjects Contact Information 850-245-8931 Time 913 am Date August 23 2010 Type of Interview (Circle one) In Person Phone Mail Other E-mail Location of Interview Tallahassee FL

What is your overall impression ofthe project Good appear to be making progress on addressing the contaminants of concem

2 How well do you believe the remedy currently in place is performing Still too early to tell basedon recent lab data

3 Are you comfortable with the institutional controls required for the Site and their current status of implementation Yes at this time

4 Are you aware of any complaints or inquiries regarding environmental issues or the remedial action from residents in the last five years No not aware of any complaints andor inquiries regarding the Site

5 Has your office conducted any Site-related activities or communications in the last five years If so please give purpose and results of these activities Yes to attend a site visit with EPA RPM Galo Jackson

6 Are you aware of any changes to state laws that might affect the protectiveness ofthe remedy Are you aware of any changes in projected land use at the Site Not at this fime

7 Do you feel well informed about the Site 5 activities and progress Feel very well infomied regarding the progress ofthe Site

8 Do you have any comments suggestions or recommendations regarding the Site s management or operation None at this time

C-3

Site Name Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) EPA ID No FLD053502696 Interviewer Name Sabrina Foster Affiliation E^ Inc Subjects Name Mary Yeargan Affiliation Environmental Protection

Commission of Hillsborough County Subjects Contact Information yearganm(fl)epchcorg Time 330 pm Date September 27 2010 Type of Interview (Circle one) In Person Phone Mail Other

What is your overall impression ofthe project My overall impression is that it is continuing along as it has been

2 What are your views about current site condition problems or related concerns mdash 1 was onthe site visit for the last FYR so I am familiar with the-Site and the Five-Year

Review process I think that things are continuing to move forward at the Site with the treatments underway

3 What effect has this site had on the surrounding community This is a blighted community and certainly the presence of a Superfund site contributes to the perception of blight But Helena is not the only Superfund site in the area there is also Stauffer Chemical Florida Steel Alaric as well as the jail and all the bail bonds places So there is blight in the community but it is npt a direct result of Helena

4 Has the local government received any citizen complaints or inquiries regarding environmental issues or activities at this site I havent received any specific complaints nothing about Helena in particular The calls I get largely concem other specific Superfund sites in the area or just the presence of Superfijnd sites in general I did receive a call in 2008 firom a resident who was concemed about well water and whether the presence of Superfijnd sites in the area meant that the water was contaminated Again they didnt specifically mention Helena just Superfund sites in general We called the Department of Public Health to come out and sampled the well and there was no contamination present

5 Have there been routine communications or activities (site visits inspections reporting activities etc) conducted by your office regarding the site If yes please give purpose and results No

6 Are you aware of any changes to local laws that might affect the protectiveness ofthe remedy Are you aware of any changes in projected land use at the Site No Im not aware of any changes to local laws that would impact the Site Helena continues to operate so that land use hasnt changed and I dont imagine that the land use zoning would be changed to anything other than heavy industrial There is a limited amount of space available for heavy industrial so they are going to keep any land already zoned for that purpose

C-4

7 Do you feel well informed about the Sites activities and progress If not what methods would you recommend EPA use to disseminate more information Sure

8 Do you have any comments suggestions or recommendations regarding the project None I have worked with Galo for some time and let him know right away if there are any complaints

C-5

Appendix D Site Inspection Checklist

FIVE-YEAR REVIEW SITE INSPECTION CHECKLIST

I SITE INFORMATION

Site name Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) Date of inspection July 8 2010

Location and Region Tampa FL Region 4 EPA ID FLD053502696

Agency office or company leading the five-year review EPA Region 4 Weathertemperature Clear skies sunny 85F

Remedy Includes (Check all that apply) I I Landfill covercontainment [XI Access controls IXI Institutional controls Xl Groundwater pump and treatment I I Surface water collection and treatment Xl Other Soil excavation and off-site disposal

I I Monitored natural attenuation XI Groundwater containment [~| Vertical banier walls

ttachments XT] Inspection team roster attached I I Site map attached

II INTERVIEWS (Check all that apply)

1 OampM site manager Name Title

Interiewed 77 at site [d at office Q by phone Phone no Problems suggestions XU Report attached

mmddvgtvv Date

OampM staff Name Title

Interviewed O at site J at office XU by phone Phone no Problems suggestions [d Report attached

mmddyyvv Date

D-

3 Local regulatory authorities and response agencies (ie State and Tribal offices emergency response office police department office of public health or environmental health zoning office recorder of deeds or other city and county offices etc) Fill in all that apply

Agency FDEP Contact

Problems

Agencv Cont c t Problems

Agency Contact

Problems

Aeencv Contact

Problems

Agency Contact

Problems

Karen Milicic Name

suggestions bull Report attached

Name suggestions 1 1 Report attached

N me suggestions bull Report attached

Name suggestions bull Report attached

Name suggestions CD Report attached

Proiect Manager Title

see Appendix C

8232010 Date

Title

Title see Appendix C

Date

mdash

Date

Title see Appendix C

ate

Title see Appendix C

Date

850-245-8931 Phone No

Phone No

Phone No

Phone No

Ph iieNo

4 Other interviews (optional) bull Report attached

EPA Region 4 Galo Jackson Remedial Project Manager 782010 404-562-8937

Helena Chemical Company (PRP) Ed Brister Director of Engineering Safety Health 782010901-537-8600

and Environment

III ON-SITE DOCUMENTS amp RECORDS VERIFIED (Check all that apply)

1 O amp M Documents

n OampM manual D Readily available bull Up to date

1 1 As-built drawings O Readily available Q Up to date

n Maintenance logs Q Readily available []] Up to date

Remarks

^ N A

K | N A

E ] N A

2 Site-Specific Health and Safety Plan bull Readily available ^ Up to date D NA

n Contingency planemergency response plan bull Readily available ^ Up to date O NA

Remarks

3 O amp M and OSHA Training Records Q Readily available D Up to date lEI NA

Remarks

D-2

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

1

Permits and Service Agreements

r~l Air discharge pemiit

bull Effluent discharge

n Waste disposal POTW

1 1 Other pemiits

Remarks

Gas Generation Records

Remarks

Settlement Monument Records

Remarks

Groundwater Monitoring Records

r~1 Readily available

n Readily available

77 Readily available

[y Readily available

[72 Readily available

[y Readily available

Q Readily available

Remarks Ground water monitoring records are available for the feasibilitv and intemiittent monitoring records from

n Up to date

bull Up to date

n Up to date

n Up to date

n Up to date

n Up to date mdash bull -

IC] Up to date

[ 3 NA

^ N A

KNA

KNA

13 NA

S N A

KINA

study currently underway sampling to confirm the effectiveness of soil remedial

actions are also available Since a revised ground water remedy for the Site has not vet been or implemented long-temi monitoring o

Leachate Extraction Records

Remarks

Discharge Compliance Records

selected f ground water remedy effectiveness has not yet begun 1

n Readily available

bull Air n Readily available bull Up to date

bull Water (effluent) bull Readily available bull Up to date

Remarks

Daily AccessSecurity Logs

Remarks

IV

OampM Organization

1 1 State in-house

n PRP in-house

1 1 Federal Facility in-house

n

X3 Readily available

OampM COSTS

1 1 Contractor for State

n Contractor for PRP

bull Up to date KNA

KlNA

^ N A

bull Up to date

1 1 Contractor for Federal Facility

KINA

D-3

-gt

3

OampM Cost Records

1 1 Readily available

1 1 Funding mechanist

Original OampM cost es

From mniddvYw

Date

From mmddNyyy

Date

From mnidd-w-w

Date

From mmddyvY

Date

From mmddyvw

Date

Unanticipated or Unu

Describe costs and reas

n Up to date

nagreement in place CH Unavailable

imate | 1 Breakdown attached

Total annual cost by year for review period

To mmddyvw

Date Total cost

To mmddN-vw

ate Total cost

To mmddyvw

Date Total cost

To mmddvvNv

Date Total cost

To mmddyvw

Date Total cost

iually High OampM Costs During Review P

ons

if available

bull Breakdown aitached

1 1 Breakdown attached

- 1 1 Breakdown attached

1 1 Breakdown attached

CH Breakdown attached

eriod

V ACCESS AND INSTITUTIONAL CONTROLS ^ Applicable D NA

A

1

B

1

C

Fencing

Fencing damaged Q Location shown on site map ^ G

Remarks Fencing surrounds entire property gates are secured outsi

Other Access Restrictions

Signs and other security measures O Location s

Remarks Access signs are posted near entry gates

Institutional Controls (ICs]

ues secured CD NA

de of operation hours

10wn on site map CD NA

D-4

Implementation and enforcement

Site conditions imply ICs not properly implemented

Site conditions imply ICs not being fully enforced

Type of monitoring (eg self-reporting drive by)

Frequency

Responsible partyagency

Contact

Name Title

Reporting is up-to-date

Reports are verified by the lead agency

Specific requirements in deed or decision documents have been met

Violations have been reported

Other problems or suggestions CD Report attached

D Y e s

D Y e s

No D NA

No D N A

mrrvaoyy

Date D Yes

DYes

DYes

DYes

wv Phone no

D N O

D N O

D N O

D N O

DNA

Q N A

DNA

DNA

2 Adequacy ^ ICs are adequate O ICs are inadequate CD NA

Remarks The 1996 ROD calls for institutional controls in the fomi of site deed restrictions to limit exposure to ground water contamination until cleanup goals are achieved The ROD also calls for fencing to limit access and exposure to site soil contamination At the request ofthe FDEP land use restrictions for the Site have not yet been implemented however some interim institutional controls lo protect against exposure to ground water contamination have been implemented EPA signed a Memorandum of Agreement with the SWFWMD affimiing SWFWMDs regulatory authority to restrict well construction and well use for potable water at and in the area ofthe Site Secure perimeter fencing provides an engineering control to restrict access to the Site The risk for exposure is minimal because surface soil has been remediated the Helena Chemical Company has continued site operations and plans to continue industrial activities at the Site into the foreseeable ftiture and current and future land use zoning is consistent with the industrial cleanup criteria used in the selection of site cleanup goals

A treatability study is currently underway to help detennine the revised remedy for ground water Once this remedy has been selected and decision documents have been appropriately updated Helena Chemical Company EPA the slate and Hillsborough County will evaluate changes to existing institutional controls and addition of new institutional controls for the Site as well as impacted ground water area as appropriate

D General

Vandalismtrespassing

Remarks

I I Location shown on site map No vandalism evident

2 Land use changes on site

Remarks

NA

3 Land use changes off site

Remarks

^ N A

VI GENERAL SITE CONDITIONS

Roads Applicable D NA

D-5

1

B

Roads damaged

Remarks Paved aspha

Other Site Conditions

[y] Location shown on site map ^ Roads adequate Q NA

It roads are used for access to warehouses and the office building on site

Remarks

A

1

T

3

4

5

6

7

8

VII

Landfill Surface

LANDFILL COVERS D Applicable [^ NA

Settlement (Low spots)

Arial extent

Remarks

Cracks

Lengths

Remarks

Erosion

Arial extent

Remarks

Holes

Arial extent

Remarks

Vegetative Cover

1 1 No signs of stres

Remarks

Alternative Cover

Remarks

Bulges

Arial extent

Remarks

s

1 1 Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

Widths

CD Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on sit map

CH Grass

1 1 TreesSlirubs (indicate size and loi

amiored rock concrete etc)

Xy Location shown on site map

rn Settlement not evident

Depth

CD Cracking not evident

Depths

CD Erosion not evident

Depth

CD Holes not evident

Depth

1 1 Cover properly established

bullations on a diagram)

DNA

CD Bulges not evident

Height

Wet AreasWater Damage bull Wet areaswater damage not evident

bull Wet areas

CD Ponding

n Seeps

bull Soft subgrade

Remarks

CD Location shown on site map

1 1 Location shown on site map

1 1 Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

Arial extent

Arial extent

Arial extent

Arial extent

D-6

9

B

1

2

3

C

1

1

3

4

5

Slope Instability

1 1 No evidence of slope

Arial extent

Remarks

n Slides

instability

CD Location shown on site map

Benches D Applicable ^ NA

(Horizontally constructed mounds of earth placed across a steep landfill side slope to interrupt the slope in order to slow down the velocity of surface runoff and intercept and convey the runoff to a lined channel)

Flows Bypass Bench

Remarks

Bench Breached

Remarks

Bench Overtopped

Remarks

CD Location shown on site map

bull Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

CD NA or okay

bull NA or okay

1 j NA or okay

Letdown Channels bull Applicable ^ NA

(Charaiel lined with erosion control mats riprap grout bags or gabions that descend down the steep side slope ofthe cover and will allow the runoff water collected by the benches to move off of the landfill cover without creating erosion gullies)

Settlement (Low spots)

Arial extent

Remarks

Material Degradation

Material type

Remarks

Erosion

Arial extent

Remarks

Undercutting

Arial extent

Remarks

Obstructions

bull Location shown on sit

Size

Remarks

CD Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

Type

e map Arial extent

CD No evidence of settlement

Depth

[H No evidence of degradation

Arial extent

bull No evidence of erosion

Depth

CD No evidence of undercutting

Depth

1 1 No obstmctions

D-7

6

D

1

2

3

4

5

E

1

9

3

Excessive Vegetative Growth Type

CD No evidence of excessive growth

CD Vegetation in channels does not obstmct flow

CD Location shown on site map Ari

Remarks

al extent

Cover Penetrations XC Applicable ^ NA

Gas Vents bull Active

CD Properly securedlocked Q Functioning

CD Evidence of leakage at penetration

Remarks

Gas Monitoring Probes

CD Properly securedlocked CD Functioning

CD Evidence of leakage at penetration

Remarks

Monitoring Wells (within surface area of landfill)

CD Properly securedlocked [ID Functioning

1 1 Evidence of leakage at penetration

Remarks

Extraction Wells Leachate

CD Properly securedlocked CD Functioning

1 1 Evidence of leakage at penetration

Remarks

Settlement Monuments Q Located

Remarks

Gas Collection and Treatment CD Applicable

Gas Treatment Facilities

n Passive

CD Routinely sampled

CD Needs Maintenance

CD Routinely sampled

CD Needs Maintenance

bull Routinely sampled

CD Needs Maintenance

CD Routinely sampled

1 1 Needs Maintenance

CD Routinely sureyed

^ N A

1 1 Flaring CD Themial destmclion

CD Good condition CD Needs Maintenance

Remarks

Gas Collection Wells Manifolds and Piping

CD Good condition CD Needs Maintenance

Remarks

Gas Monitoring Facilities (eg gas monitoring o

CD Good condition

DNA

- - bull

CD Good condition

DNA

1 1 Good condition

DNA

CD Good condition

DNA

DNA

CD Collection for reuse

Fadjacent homes or buildings)

CD Good condition CD Needs Maintenance CD NA

Remarks

D-8

F

1

2

G

1

1

3

4

H

1

2

I

1

9

3

Cover Drainage Layer bull Applicable ^ NA

Outlet Pipes Inspected CD Functioning

Remarks

Outlet Rock Inspected CD Functioning

Remarks

DetentionSedimentation Ponds bull Applicable

Siltation Area extent Depth

1 1 Siltation not evident

Remarks

Erosion Area extent Depth

CD Erosion not evident

Remarks

Outlet Works bull Functioning

Remarks

Dam CD Functioning

Remarks

Retaining Walls D Applicable ^ NA

Deformations CD Location shown on site map

Horizontal displacement Vertical di

Rotational displacement

Remarks

Degradation [C Location shown on site map

Remarks

Perimeter DitchesOff-Site Discharge [C Applicable

Siltation CD Location shown on site map

Area extent

Remarks

Vegetative Growth bull Location shown on site map

CD Vegetation does not impede flow

Area extent

Remarks

Erosion bull Location shown on site map

Area extent

Remarks

DNA

DNA

^ N A

DNA

DNA

DNA

J Deformation not evident

splacement

CD Degradation not evident

13 NA

CD Siltation not evident

Depth

DNA

Type

CD Erosion not evident

Depth

D-9

4 Discharge Structure Q Functioning bull NA

Remarks

VIII VERTICAL BARRIER WALLS D Applicable ^ NA

1

2

IX

A

1

2

3

B

1

bull )

3

C

Settlement CD Location shown on site map CD Settlement not evident

Area extent Depth

Remarks

Performance Monitoring Type of monitoring

bull Perfomiance not monitored

Frequency CD Evidence of breaching

Head differential

Remarks

GROUNDWATERSURFACE WATER REMEDIES g] Applicable Q NA

Groundwater Extraction Wells Pumps and Pipelines X Applicable ^ NA

Pumps Wellhead Plumbing and Electrical

CD Good condition CD Ail required wells properly operating CD Needs Maintenance CD NA

Remarks

Extraction System Pipelines Valves Valve Boxes and Other Appurtenances

bull Good condition O Needs Maintenance

Remarks

Spare Parts and Equipment

bull Readily available bull Good condition bull Requires upgrade bull Needs to be provided

Remarks

Surface Water Collection Structures Pumps and Pipelines [72 Applicable ^ NA

Collection Structures Pumps and Electrical

CD Good condition CD Needs Maintenance

Remarks

Surface Water Collection System Pipelines Valves Valve Boxes and Other Appurtenances

CD Good condition CD Needs Maintenance

Remarks

Spare Parts and Equipment

bull Readily available O Good condition Q Requires upgrade bull Needs to be pr vided

Remarks

Treatment System bull Applicable 3 NA

D-10

T

Treatment Train (Check components that apply)

I I Metals removal [72 Oilwater separation [72 Bi remediation

I I Air stripping [Zl Carbon adsorbers

D Filters

I I Additive (eg chelation agent flocculent)

n Others

I I Good condition [7 Needs Maintenance

I I Sampling ports properly marked and fianctional

I I Samplingmaintenance log displayed and up to date

CD Equipment properly identified mdash

I I Quantity of groundwater treated annually

I I Quantity of surface water treated annually

Remarks

Electrical Enclosures and Panels (properly rated and functional)

I I NA [22 Good condition [2 Needs Maintenance

Remarks

3 Tanks Vaults Storage Vessels

I I NA [J] Good condition [] Proper secondary containment [2 Needs Maintenance

Remarks

4 Discharge Structure and Appurtenances

I I NA CD Good condition [72 Needs Maintenance

Remarks

5 Treatment Building(s)

CD NA CD Golt d condition (esp roof and doorways) CD Needs repair

I I Chemicals and equipment properly stored

Remarks

6 Monitoring Wells (pump and treatment remedy)

I I Properly securedlocked [7 Functioning CD Routinely sampled CD Good condition

I I All required wells located CD Needs Maintenance CD NA

Remarks

D Monitoring Data

1 Monitoring Data

3 Is routinely submitted on time ^ Is of acceptable quality

2 Monitoring data suggests

[H Groundwater plume is effectively contained CD Contaminant concentrations are declining

D-

E Monitored Natural Attenuation 1 Monitoring Wells (natural attenuation remedy)

I I Properly securedlocked CD Functioning CD Routinely sampled CD Good condition

CD All required wells located CD Needs Maintenance ^ NA

Remarks X OTHER REMEDIES

If there are remedies applied at the site and not covered above attach an inspection sheet describing the physical nature and condition of any facility associated with the remedy An example would be soil vapor extraction

In September 2009 Helena Chemical Company began a pilot-scale bioremediation treatability study at the Site to test the effectiveness of sulfate reduction and anaerobic xylene degradation to treat residual ground water contamination in the surficial aquifer and the intemiediate aquifer system The pilot study also investigates reductive dechlorination of BHC isomers tlirough addition of facultative anaerobic cultures enhancement of nitrate- iron- and sulfate-reducers and addition of a reduction agent such as zero-valent iron with a pH adjustment The study was scheduled to conclude by the fourth quarter of 2010 and a contingency time of an additional 12 months has been allotted in the treatability study schedule if necessary

XI OVERALL OBSERVATIONS A Implementation of the Remedy

The pesticide source contamination in soil was excavated in 2000 and shipped offsite to an approved disposal facilitv in Louisiana Further soil excavation activities were performed in 2004 and 2005 in order to address sulfiir contamination source areas A pilot study to assess treatability of ground water contamination originating from the fomier sulfur pit area and the former xylene tank area is presently underway Results ofthe study will inform the selection ofthe remedy for ground water at the Site

B Adequacy of OampM A treatability study is presently underway for ground water treatment at the Site OampM activities have yet to commence

Early Indicators of Potential Remedy Problems None

D Opportunities for Optimization None

Site Inspection Team Galo Jackson EPA Region 4 Ed Brister Helena Chemical Conipany Christy Fielden E Inc Sabrina Foster E Inc

D-12

Appendix E Photographs from Site Inspection Visit

Helena Chemical Company office building at the Site

Signs at delivery gate which is secured outside of facility operating hours

E-1

Chemical storage warehouse on site

Fonner sulfur pit area with new chemical warehouse facilities

E-2

Monitoring well in the former sulfiir pit area

Pilot study monitoring wells in the former xylene tank area

E-3

Page 13: Five-Year Review Report Second Five-Year Review Report

The bottom portions ofthe surficial unit are saturated year-round the water table fluctuates drasfically with precipitation with seasonal high-water tables rising to within one foot bgs The clay ofthe Intermediate Confining Unit or intennediate aquifer system has low hydraulic pemieability and fonns the semi-confining unit between the ground water of the surficial aquifer and the Floridan aquifer The Upper Floridan aquifer is encountered at approximately 80 feet bgs Moderately indurated clayey sandy limestone is present in the upper section ofthe Floridan aquifer

Ground water flow at the Site is oriented in a radial pattem to the northeast east southeast south and southwest Gradients are the highest in the southeastem direction and lowest toward the northeast and southwest

12

Figure I Site Location Map

Helena Chemical Company Superfund Site Tampa HiHsborough County Florida

Disclaimer This map and any boundary lines within the map are approximate and subject to change The map is not a survey The map is for informational purposes only regarding EPAs response actions at the Site and is not intended for any other purpose

13

Figure 2 Detailed Site Map

~ vHak Area Ground Water Plume Site t

h-V -bull

^

KbullVI^tHl

-

4 ^

See Figure 3 _JSCnSt detail

T--

bdquo bdquo ^ bdquo I

1

I C ^ bullbull

Stauffer Chemical Company (Tampa) Site

Zi

Lagand [ __ ftppronmals Boundary at Suf id A q u h i Gtowid VUMCf Plume L ^ BounMry

17 AjipxiitrratD Boundary of inMimodixe Aqutar System Grcurd Matnr Plume ^ Priaiate WWis Found D i ^ r ^ Sts inapecVon

bull lnlBiniediraquoIeA^u-fcrSyilBT MonlaingwVei Incnaed in Monilonnj Program S SurfcalApufcr Mantarng WBK Incliided in Manitomg Prcgran

^ Weimedisie Aquilei Sysle-n Moiatof Kig Well Not lncjltteltlaquo in Monltonng Progiain pound Suifcal Aqullte Montamo Well Not Inoufled n Monilonrraquo8 Pr agiam

Helena Chemical Company Superfund Site Tampa Hillsborough County Florida

y Disclaimer This map and any boundary lines within the map are approximate and subject to change The map is not a survey The map is for informational purposes only regarding EPAs response actions at the Site and is not intended for any other purpose

14

32 Land and Resource Use

The Site has been used for the manufacture storage and distribution of agricultural products since 1929 The original Site owner Flag Sulfur Company fomiulated a wide variety of insecticides herbicides and fungicides including wettable and dusting sulfur at the Site from 1929 until 1967 Helena Chemical Company acquired the business in 1967 and continued manufacturing operations In 1981 Helena Chemical Company

moved the pesticides herbicides and fiingicides fonnulation operafions to a facility in Georgia in 1981 and the Tampa facility has confinued fomiulating and packaging insecticidal spray oil and liquid fertilizers since that time The Site also serves as Helena Chemical Companys main distribution warehouse for sales locations in the State of Florida

The Site consists of four land parcels within a secured Site perimeter fence The largest of these parcels (65 acres) contains the active Helena Chemical Company offices warehouses and distribufion centers as well as associated paved parking areas This parcel (A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000220) is presenfly zoned for light industrial land uses The Planning Commission serving Hillsborough County the City of Plant City the City of Temple Terrace and the City of Tampa anticipates this parcels fijture land use to be heavy industrial The three smaller parcels forming the Helena Woods area are covered by low grassy vegetation and oak trees and also contain several ground water monitoring wells for the Alaric Site located immediately to the north Two ofthe Helena Woods parcels are listed as being vacant and the third is zoned for a mobile home park The Planning Commission anficipates that all three parcels will be zoned for heavy industrial use in the future North 7P Street fomierly crossed the CSX railroad tracks to the south ofthe Site but the road was closed after an accident at the crossing The street now dead ends at the entrance gate to the tmck loading area on the Helena Cheinical Company property and the closed section of street between the entrance gate and the railroad tracks is included within the Site perimeter fencing

Surrounding land uses predominanfly include various light and heavy industrial uses as well as commercial land uses Small pockets of single family residences are located several blocks to the north and to the west ofthe Site Buildings on the Site and throughout the area impacted by site-related ground water contaniination are connected to municipal water supply lines None ofthe ground water wells impacted by contamination fi^om the Site are used for potable water supply

33 History of Contamination

The facility was built in 1929 as a chemical plant for the production of sulfur and was owned and operated by Flag Sulfur Conipany No historical records regarding the specific products formulated during Flag Sulfijr Company operafions are available but previous facility managers indicated that the conipany manufactured wettable and dusting sulfijr and fomiulated pesticides herbicides fungicides and fertilizers at the Site In 1967 Helena Chemical Conipany purchased the facility fi^om Duval Corporation the owner of Flag Sulfur Company From 1967 to 1981 Helena Chemical Conipany produced

15

wettable and dusting sulfur and fomiulated pesticides herbicides fungicides and fertilizers at the Site The company purchased the raw niaterials fi^oiii suppliers and added solvent emulsifiers andor surfactant to give the finished product certain characteristics required for various applications and strengths

Historically most agricultural chemical fonnulation occurred in the East Warehouse building located in the south central portion ofthe main operating facility parcel The fonnulation process for liquid products would consist of mixing a technical chemical with various solvents a surfactant andor emulsifiers in aboveground mixing vessels in the East Warehouse building Various solvents including xylene and an intemiediate range petroleum solvent called T-500 were used as pesticide carriers or diluents These solvents were stored on site in aboveground storage tanks A 3500-galIon capacity aboveground xylene storage tank was historically located in a benned area to the east of the East Warehouse building This tank was vandalized in 1977 causing a release of xylene to the soil and ground water below

In 1974 Helena Cheinical Company began using a three-tank pollution control system to handle the wash-down waste generated from pesticide manufacturing The wash-down waste consisted primarily of pesticides in a xylene carrier It was diluted with other process water and stonnwater treated vvith caustic soda run through an aeration evaporation treatnient system and finally discharged to the on-site stomiwater retention pond Sludges associated with the treatment system were periodically removed and shipped to the Chemical Waste Management Inc facility in Emelle Alabama for appropriate disposal At an undetemiined time between 1984 and 1988 use ofthe three-tank pollution control system was discontinued

According to the 1996 ROD the on-site stomiwater retention pond may have received some overflow waste from the East Warehouse building before the pollution control tanks were installed in 1974 During construction ofthe retention pond soil in the southeastem portion ofthe Site was removed using backhoes and placed in the Helena Woods area While the Helena Woods area was never used for agricultural chemical fonnulation or packaging contaniination in this area is attributed to the dredge niaterials irom the retention pond and to treatinent with pesticides and herbicides during routine maintenance activities

Dry products were formulated in the east end ofthe West Warehouse building just south ofthe loading dock using a Raymond Mill for grinding and a set of ribbon blenders for mixing Helena Chemical Company would then package the finished product for resale Both Flag Sulfur Company and Helena Chemical Conipany manufactured sulfiir dust and wettable sulfur on site Flag Sulfur Companys operations are largely unknown Helena Chemical Companys sulfur processing operations consisted of transporting molten sulfur to the Site and unloading the sulfur in the fonner sulfijr pit area located south ofthe current central paved courtyard between the West and East Warehouse buildings The sulfur was contained in berms for a period of approximately 48 hours until it had solidified Heavy equipment was then used to break the sulfur into pieces for processing through the Raymond Mill

16

34 Initial Response

In 1976 Helena Chemical Company stopped processing sulfijr products The fomier sulfur pit area was excavated and then filled with clean sand In 1980 the fomiulation of dry fertilizers was also discontinued at the facility In 1981 Helena Chemical Company moved the pesticide herbicide and fungicide fonnulation operation to a company facility in Georgia Since 1981 Helena Chemical Company has fomiulated insecficidal petroleum oil (a 70-viscosity paraffin-based oil with an emulsifier additive) and liquid fertilizers at the Site In addition to products produced at the facility numerous agricultural products are stored in the warehouse prior to distribution to Helena Chemical

- Companys Florida sales offices mdash

In 1984 FDEP inspected the Site and required quarterly monitoring ofthe surficial aquifer From 1988 to 1990 EPA investigated the Site and found pesticide contaniination in the on-site soil sediment and surficial aquifer Based on the potential for hunian exposure via ingestion of contaminated ground water EPA proposed the Site for listing on the NPL in Febmary 1992 and finalized the listing in October 1992

The Florida Department of Health and Rehabilitative Services (FHRS the predecessor of FDEP) in cooperation with the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry prepared a public health assessment for the Site in September 1993 In that report FHRS expressed concem for on-site worker contact with contaminated soil and exposure to sediment and ground water FHRS made several recommendations that additional data should be collected Under a September 1992 Consent Order with EPA Helena Cheinical Coinpany perfonned a RIFS at the Site The primary objectives ofthe invesfigation were to detemiine the nature magnitude and extent of contamination evaluate potential risks to human health and the environinent and evaluate potential cleanup altematives Site operations have remained active throughout site investigations and remedial activities

35 Basis for Taking Action

The results ofthe RIFS documented extensive surface soil and sediment contaniination including pesticides semivolatile organic compounds and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) related to fonner operations by Helena Chemical Company and its predecessors The investigations also documented contamination of ground water in the surficial aquifer and intemiediate aquifer systems with chlorinated pesticides polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons phenols and VOCs A human health risk assessment perfonned by Black and Veatch in 1994 concluded that risks to current and future site workers current and future trespassers and potential future Site residents exceeded acceptable risk and hazard thresholds

17

40 Remedial Actions

In accordance with CERCLA and the NCP the ovemiding goals for any remedial action are protecfion of human health and the environment and compliance with applicable or relevant and appropriate requirements (ARARs) A nuinber of remedial altemafives were considered for the Site fmal selection was made based on an evaluafion ofeach altemative against nine evaluation criteria that are specified in Secfion 300430(e)(9)(iii) ofthe NCP The nine criteria include

L Overall Protectiveness of Human Health and the Environment 2 Compliance with ARARs 3 Long-Tenn Effectiveness and Pennanence 4 Reduction of Toxicity Mobility or Volume of Contaminants through Treatment 5 Short-temi Effectiveness 6 Implementability 7 Cost 8 State Acceptance 9 Community Acceptance

41 Remedy Selection

EPA issued the site-wide ROD on May 7 1996 Based on the results ofthe Sites RIFS EPA detennined that remediation of soil sediment and ground water would be required for the protection of huinan health and the environment Remedial action objecfives (RAOs) established in the ROD for the Site include

bull Restore the Site to beneficial use bull Reduce risk to human health within EPAs acceptable risk range (ie total

residual cancer risk between 1 x 10 to 1 x 10 and maximum individual contaminant Hazard Quotient of 1)

bull Reduce ecological risk bull Protect ground water from continued degradation by Site contaminants

The remedy selected in the Sites 1996 ROD consisted ofthe following remedial components for source control in soil and sediment

Implement institutional controls (ie fencing (cumenfiy considered an engineering control) and deed restrictions) Demolish tank fanii pads east ofthe liquid processing building (East Warehouse) and dispose ofthe debris offsite Excavate material from the fonner sulfur pit and dispose of excavated materials offsite Neutralize soil in place if located in areas where sulfur is present but inaccessible Excavate contaminated surface soil and sediment (zero to two feet) where concentrations exceed soil cleanup goals Biologically treat contaminated surface soil and sediment

bull Place treated soil back on site

Major components ofthe ground water remedy selected in the 1996 ROD include

bull Extract contaminated ground water bull Treat contaminated ground water to meet surface water discharge standards bull Discharge treated ground water to on-site ponds or to the Tampa Bypass Canal

under a National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System pemiit bull Place controls on Site to restrict the use of ground water beneath the Site through

the filing of deed notices in order to limit exposure to contaminated ground water until cleanup goals are met

The 1996 ROD selected cleanup goals for contaminants of concem (COCs) in both ground water and surface soil (Table 2) As Site data suggested that sediments with pesticide contamination attributable to the Site were primarily present in drainage ditches that were typically dry remediation of sediment in Site drainage features was to be managed using the surface soil cleanup goals protective of hunian health The 1996 ROD also selected a confingency remedy for Site soil and sediment If treatability studies demonstrated that the selected biological treatinent remedy could not achieve the performance standards listed in Table 2 low temperature themial desorption (LTTD) was to be used in lieu ofthe biological treatnient

Table 2 COCs and Cleanup Goals

bull bull - y y Contaminant of Concern

44-dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (44-DDT) Aldrin Alpha-benzene hexachloride (Alpha-BHC) Beta-benzene hexachloride (Beta-BHC) Gamma-benzene hexachloride (Gamma-BHC) Chlordane Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane (DDD) Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) Dieldrin Endosulfan 1 Endosulfan II Heptachlor Heptachlor epoxide Total xylenes Toxaphene

Ground Water 7 Cleanup Goal

(micrograms per liter ^gL)

03

005

005

01

02

NA NA NA NA 01

7

2 NA NA 20 NA

Surface Soil and Sediment Cleanup Goal

(milligrams per kilogram mgkg)

NA

018

047

NA

NA

23 126 89 89

019 NA NA 067 034 NA 276

NA not applicable

19

In January 2005 EPA issued an Explanation of Significant Differences (ESD) to modify part ofthe remedy described in the 1996 ROD The purpose ofthe ESD was to modify the xylene cleanup goal for ground water from 20 micrograms per liter (|JgL) per the Florida secondary maximum contaminant level (MCL) to 10000 (igL per the State and federal primary MCL Secondary MCLs are non-mandatory standards under the Superfund prograin and are not enforceable by EPA however they are a component of the State of Floridas drinking water statute State and federal primary MCLs are enforceable standards established to protect the public against consumption of drinking water that presents a risk to huinan health The ESD also called for continued monitoring ofthe effecfiveness ofthe xylene treatnient and for evaluation of further remedial actions should the presence of xylene a solvent mobilize residual soil pesticide contaminants into ground water

42 Remedy Implementation

Remedial design and remedial actions for soil sediment and ground water at the Site are being implemented by the Helena Chemical Company under a 1996 Unilateral Administrative Order An additional Consent Decree was filed in 2005 for EPA to recover past and future costs incurred and to require Helena Cheinical Conipany to pay EPA oversight costs at the Site and at a separate Site in South Carolina also owned by Helena Chemical Coinpany

Soil and Sediment Source Control

In 1999 additional grid-based sampling was conducted in the xylene source area (east of the East Warehouse building) to detemiine the boundaries for the soil removal excavation Bench-scale studies were performed by EPAs Ecosystems Research Division and EPAs Science and Ecosystems Support Division to investigate the effectiveness of incorporating zero-valent iron in soil to facilitate abiotic degradation of chlorinated pesticides These studies were implemented in 1999 but were tenninated early due to lack of measurable COC degradation Helena Chemical Company then explored the option of using the Xenorein bioremediation process which had been successfijlly implemented on the adjacent Stauffer Chemical Co (Tampa) Superfund site The extent of contamination prevented direct application ofthe Xenorem approach at the Site Helena Chemical Conipany learned however that an off-site disposal facility the Waste Management Inc hazardous waste treatment facility in Carlyss Louisiana (facility nuniber LAD0007772010P1) had been authorized to bioremediate wastes in July 1998 and could potentially accept the excavated Site materials for bioremediafion at the off-site facility EPA approved the change from on-site to off-site treatinent and disposal of contaminated soil and sediment in a letter dated Febmary 14 2000

The 1996 ROD had also stipulated LTTD as a contingency soil treatment should biological treatinent be ineffective EPA requested this contingency be explored in 1999 Helena Chemical Coinpany retained Focus Environmental Inc to perfonn the evaluation ofthe contingency treatinent The evaluation concluded that LTTD was not a practical remedy for the Site primarily due to concems related to elevated sulfijr concentrations in

20

soil which would require air pollution controls to remove acid gas generated by the treatnient as well as space limitations on the Site which would not pemiit an efficient layout and operafion ofthe treatment and material handling units

In 2000 Helena Chemical Conipany excavated 7700 tons of pesticide-contaminated soil fi-om the Site including the xylene source area and an additional 600 tons of pesticide-contaminated soil and sediment from the drainage ditch area along the CSX railway right-of-way just south ofthe Site Soil was transported to the Waste Manageinent Inc facility in Carlyss Louisiana for bioremediation andoff-site disposal Surface soils were excavated to a depth of two feet According to the 1996 ROD the water table in the area fluctuates between two and four feet bgs Therefore the excavation of surface soils to two feet bgs would address soil contaminafion above the water table but not contaniination existing below the water table The excavation areas were lined with an --indicator fabric prior to backfilling the areas with clean inaterials and seeded with grass where appropriate

Delineation activifies to detemiine the extent of sulfur contaniination in the fonner sulfur pit area were perfonned from 2001 through 2003 and remedial work was perfomied in two separate phases A metal building covering much ofthe area where sulfijr remedial work was to be perfonned was dismanfled and transported offsite for recycling During phase 1 remedial work performed in 2004 soil and concrete were excavated from the elevated loading dock area and the west side ofthe tank fann for off-site treatinent and disposal During phase II remedial work perfonned in 2005 soil and concrete were excavated from the northem tank fann and fonner warehouse boundaries Approximately 3000 tons of soil and crystallized (fomierly molten) sulfur were removed during the 2004 and 2005 removal activities and also shipped to the Waste Management Inc facility in Carlyss Louisiana for off-site disposal

The 2005 ESD changed the xylene ground water cleanup goal from 20 |JgL to 10000 ^gL Since the presence of xylene in ground water could mobilize residual pesticide contamination in soil into ground water the ESD included post-treatment monitoring of the xylene area This monitoring includes all COCs established in the 1996 ROD and a specific assessment of whether the remaining xylene concentrations are sufficiently low to ensure that cosolvency is not facilitating the transport of residual pesticides that might be lingering in the soil If cosolvency is found to be mobilizing residual pesticide contaminants fi-om soil to ground water this assessment will be used to detennine whether further active treatment of xylene to below the federal and state primary standard is necessary

Ground Water

The ground water remedy described in the 1996 ROD has not yet been implemented at the Site due to discovery of contaminafion and investigations at the adjacent Alaric Site and concems that the selected remedy would potentially cause further contaminafion of the aquifer systems Altemative ground water treatments are currently being investigated in the pilot-scale treatability study underway at the Site Supplemental data collection and

21

ground water plume delineafion studies began in 1998 Ground water sampling perfonned in existing surficial aquifer and intemiediate aquifer system monitoring wells in Febmary 1998 resulted in the installation of additional surficial aquifer wells south of the Site to further delineate the nature and extent of contaniination The results ofthis study also detemiined the need for further investigation of ground water contamination in the xylene area (location of 1977 release immediately east ofthe East Warehouse on the Site Figure 3) in the sulfijr area (locafion ofthe fonner sulfiir pit in central courtyard on the Site Figure 3) and in the intemiediate aquifer system

Field activities to address the recommendations ofthe Febmary 1998 investigation were implemented in April 2001 Eight additional monitoring wells (MW-24 through MW-31 Figure 2) were installed south and east ofthe Site on City of Tampa rights-of-way to monitor the extent of contamination in the surficial aquifer Contamination was also identified in shallow areas ofthe intermediate aquifer system Ground water sampling and supplemental field activities were perfonned from October 2002 through January 2003 These activities included intennediate aquifer invesfigations xylene source area invesfigations downgradient surficial aquifer monitoring well installation and sulfur area invesfigations Additional intermediate aquifer system monitoring wells (MW-32 and MW-33 Figure 2) were installed along Orient Road during a November 2002 comprehensive ground water sampling event The new wells were installed to provide intemiediate monitoring points for xylene pesficide and herbicide contamination

While the 2002 and 2003 field acfivities were being perfonned significant chlorinated solvent contamination from the adjacent Alaric Site was discovered in both the surficial aquifer and intennediate aquifer systems this contamination was commingling with the westem portion ofthe Sites ground water plume The implementation ofthe ground water pump-and-treat remedy selected for the Site had the potential to exacerbate contaminant plume migration from the Alaric Site For this reason EPA detennined that implementation ofthe pump-and-treat remedy for the Site should be delayed until delineation and remediation ofthe surficial aquifer at the Alaric Site is completed

Additional comprehensive ground water sampling events were perfonned in May 2005 to provide a baseline for water quality following complefion ofthe sulfur area removal acfions and in December 2006 to detennine current condifions across the monitoring well network Selected wells were also sampled in March August and November 2007 and January 2008 to gauge the overall effectiveness ofthe sulfur area removal in addressing source contaminafion ofthe surficial aquifer Given the probability that the selected pump-and-treat remedy for ground water at the Site would be incompatible with ground water treatnient activities being designed at the adjacent Alaric Site several altemafive management approaches to address ground water contamination in the sulfur area and associated plume were explored

In June 2009 Helena Chemical Conipany presented EPA with a Pilot Test and Interim Monitoring Work Plan to address ground water contamination without implementing the pump-and-treat remedy EPA approved the Work Plan in August 2009 and implementation began in August 2009 The pilot study is expected to last for one year

22

with an additional one-year contingency period The work plan addresses four critical areas of source control and monitoring the sulfur area the xylene area supplemental monitoring efforts and interim ground water monitoring activities while pilot testing is underway

Sulfijr Area Pilot Study

The pilot study objecfive in the sulfijr area is to detennine whether buffering pH and introducing zero-valent iron will allow natural degradation of benzene hexachloride (BHC) and sulfates in the source area through biological or physical mechanisms Low pH elevated sulfate and residual sulfiir in the sulfur area are thought to be inhibiting natural biological degradation processes and minimizing the physical attenuafion of contaminants within the aquifer-matrix which would typically occur through adsorpfion-and aqueous chemical reactions such as hydrolysis Given the residual sulfur in the soil which continues to act as a long-term source for sulfuric acid sulfate control was required in addition to pH controls Zero-valent iron was selected as the primary pilot study treatment technology for the sulfur area because it has been used effectively to facilitate abiofic degradation of BHCs is effecfive at moderating pH and acts as an oxygen scavenger limiting any future oxidafion of residual sulfur in the soil Additional neutralization with lime andor hydroxides and biological sulfate reduction may also be utilized to control pH levels if necessary

Two sulfur study areas known as the East Plot and the West Plot have been implemented in the central courtyard ofthe Site on either side ofthe fomier sulfur pit location (Figure 3) Each plot consists of eight injection wells Cheinical injections were administered in the third quarter of 2009 and sampling is being conducted at 60-day interals for the 360 days following the injections

Xylene Area Pilot Study

The xylene pilot test was designed to gauge the effectiveness of anaerobic biodegradatlon in degrading xylene and residual BHCs Total xylene concentrafions have declined since the 2000 soil removal action in the former xylene tank area but have remained above cleanup goals Site conditions such as low pH lack of nutrients and lack of electron accepting substrates (eg nitrate iron and sulfate) were thought to be limiting xylene and BHC degradadon The pilot test also sought to increase degradation rates without introducing treatments that would complicate efforts in the adjacent sulfijr pilot study bull area so the xylene treatinent was designed in consideration ofthe existing anaerobic Site conditions

One xylene pilot study area was implemented in the fonner xylene tank area (Figure 3) The plot includes six injection wells and 12 monitoring wells The first round of nutrient and electron acceptor substrate injections was perfonned in the third quarter of 2009 and the second round of injections was perfomied in the fourth quarter of 2009 As with the sulfijr pilot study area sampling is being conducted at 60-day intervals for the 360 days following the first round of injections

23

Monitoring Acfivities

Supplemental monitoring efforts in the work plan include installation of monitoring wells on the Fesfive Floats property located directly south ofthe Site on the opposite side of the CSX railway tracks and addifional investigation to detemiine the northem extent of low pH and elevated sulfate and BHC concentrations Until a revised ground water remedy is selected for the Site interini ground water monitoring activities in both the surficial and intermediate aquifer systems will include sampling every nine months to assess seasonal variability in concentrations and monitor for any changes in COC concentrations

24

Figure 3 Map of Pilot Study Area

r

SWTBD

swTZD s w n u

StfT-HD A I ^ raquoswr3u SWTU

swrsu

West Warehouse

SETTO SET1U

SET3U SETD A y A J

I SETSD

sensD raquo SETsu

5ET7U

X40

XI6D

^^xth 7 -^ ^IZD-- ^

_ X S U X8D B^=^X12tJ bull bull X l fU

X8U xi f lD

Legend

bull Surflclat Adulter Sulfur Arlaquoa P M Test Wall

Surlicii i AquHler Xylene Area Ptky Test Ir^ctnsn MHI

bull Suifidal Aquilei Xylene Area Pikx Tesl Monilming Well

I Sile Bounoaiv J Fee 90 too

L 7WL o NORTH

Figure 3 Site Map

Pilot Study Areas

Helena Chemical Company Superfund Site Tampa Hillsborough County Flonda

Disclaimer This map and any boundary lines within the map are approximate and subject to change The map is not a survey The map is for informational purposes only regarding EPAs response actions at the Site and is not intended for any other purpose

25

43 Operation and Maintenance (OampM)

The 1996 ROD anticipated that the ground water pump-and-treat system would be operated at the Site for a 30-year period and estimated that OampM ofthe system would cost $1289000 over the course ofthe 30 years The ground water remedy selected in the 1996 ROD has not yet been implemented due to developments at the adjacent Alaric Site and ongoing pilot testing at the Site As remedial activities continue with pilot testing there are no OampM acfivities undei-way at the Site and the activities to be addressed in a site OampM plan will depend on the future revised remedy for ground water for the Site

26

50 Progress Since the Last Five-Year Review

The protectiveness statement from the 2006 FYR for the Site stated the following

77^ remedy implemenled at the [Helena Chemical Company Tampa Site currently protects human health and the environment because source area actions implemented for pesticide-contaminated soil and the sulfur pit source area have been completed during this review period Additional evaluations of low pH conditions will be performed to assess the need for supplemental neutralization in conjunction with future groundwater actions No remedial actions for groundwater have been implemented at this time Site data evaluations and remedy evaluations will ensure the remedy will be protective In the interim exposure pathways that could result in unacceptable risks are incomplete Conditions-at the site are not expected to change in the near future given the area s land use (commercialindustrial) However in order for the remedy to be protective in the long term the following actions need to be taken a full evaluation ofthe need for deed reslriclions and if necessary they will be imposed

The 2006 FYR included three issues and recommendafions Table 3 summarizes each recommendation and its current status

Table 3 Progress on Recommendations from the 2006 FYR

Section

51

Recommendations

EPA FDEP and Helena Chemical Company will discuss ground water remedy issues including the need for fijrther assessment of natural attenuation processes Dialogue will generate a priority list for evaluation identify evaluation teclmiques and establish an evaluation timetable Ground water remedy discussions will be initiated by the second quarter of 2006

Parties Responsible

EPA FDEP Helena

Chemical Company

Milestone Date

4302006

Action Taken and Ontcome

Discussions between EPA FDEP and Helena Chemical Company have resulted in the development of a pilot testing work plan to explore treatment options for enliancing biological and physical degradation processes This pilot study was initiated in August 2009

Date of Action

08312009

27

Section

52

53

Recommendations

EPA FDEP and Helena Chemical Company will evaluate ylene source area issues Discussions will include prioritization of any additional RD activities evaluation of remedial cleanup goals etc Xylene remedy discussions will be initiated by the first quarter of 2006

Helena Chemical Company will evaluate the requirements for implementing deed restrictions on the property and whether any remedy-specific requirements must be incorporated into the institutional control A fiill evaluation ofthe need for deed restrictions will be made and if necessary they will be imposed This evaluation will be completed by the fourth quarter of 2006

Parties Responsible

EPA FDEP Helena

Chemical Company

Helena Chemical Company

Milestone Date

4302006

12312006

Action Taken and Outcome-

Pilot test program discussions between EPA FDEP and Helena Chemical Company have resulted in the development of a work plan to explore effectiveness of anaerobic degradation of xylene and BHCs This pilot study was initiated in August 2009

EPA and FDEP are is discussions regarding the restrictive covenant for the Sites soil in order to prevent exposure Land use zoning is consistent vvith soil cleanup criteria and land use is not anticipated to change in the foreseeable future Ground water institutional controls are enforced through an EPA Memorandum of Agreement with the Southwest Florida Water Management District

Date of Action

08312009

Pending

51 Ground Water Remedy Discussions

The ground water pump-and-treat remedy selected in the 1996 ROD has not been implemented due to potential complications arising from commingling ofthe Sites ground water contaminants with those from the adjacent Alaric Site A Pilot Study and Interini Monitoring Work Plan was approved by EPA and implementation began in August 2009 The Work Plan describes the investigafion of chemical injecfions to enhance and facilitate natural physical and biological degradation rates for contaminants in the sulfiir area and in the xylene area The study is designed to assess the following questions

bull Is degradation occurring under pilot conditions

bull Can aquifer geochemistry be adjusted to facilitate remediafion

bull What is the longevity of amendments being injected

28

bull What zone of discharge is developed following injection and what is the expected duration ofthe zone of discharge

The study was scheduled to continue for 12 months with a contingency period of another 12 months if necessary At the conclusion ofthe study these questions will be addressed to detennine next steps in selecting an appropriate ground water remedy for the Site A final report documenting the effecfiveness ofthe first full year ofthe treatability study was not available at the fime this FYR report was drafted therefore a decision regarding whether to implement the additional 12 month contingency period had also not been made

52 Xylene Source Area Discussions

As noted in Section 51 EPA approved the Pilot Study and Interini Monitoring Work Plan in 2009 Per the Work Plan two rounds of nutrient and electron acceptor substrate were injected in the xylene area in late 2009 The injections are expected to enhance natural degradafion rates of xylene and BHCs sampling is being conducted every 60 days The study was scheduled to continue for 12 months with a contingency period of another 12 months if necessary A final report documenting the effectiveness ofthe first full year ofthe treatability study was not available at the time this FYR report was drafted therefore a decision regarding whether to implement the additional 12 month contingency period had also not been made

53 Institutional Controls Evaluation

At the request of FDEP the appropriate land use restrictions for the Site has not been yet been implemented While the ground water remedy is being assessed some interim institutional controls to protect against exposure to ground water contamination have been implemented The Site is presently surrounded by a secured perimeter fence that only pennits access to the property by authorized persons during regular business hours Helena Chemical Company intends to continue Site operations for the foreseeable future and does not intend to sell or lease the property so there is minimal potential for a party to unknowingly become exposed to Site soil or sediment contaniination or to impact the protectiveness ofthe remedial actions already in place The operating facility parcel is zoned light industrial the three Helena Woods parcels are zoned as either vacant land or as a mobile home park The local Planning Commission anticipates all four parcels will be zoned for heavy industrial use in the future which remains consistent with the industrial criteria used in selection of cleanup goals for the Site

EPA has also taken steps to limit the potential for exposure to contaminated Site ground water while ground water treatment pilot testing activities are completed In September 2008 EPA Region 4 and the Southwest Florida Water Management District (SWFWMD) entered into a Memorandum of Agreement regarding Site ground water Per the agreement EPA provides SWFWMD with infonnation regarding the area of ground water impacted or potentially impacted by the Site and SWFWMD acts as the regulatory authority to implement and enforce ground water use restrictions at and near

29

the Site The ground water area impacted by the Site is designated as Zone A marking the contamination zone and Zone B marking a buffer area surrounding Zone A The agreement stipulates that EPA must conduct a well survey of Zones A and B at least once every five years to identify any new wells constructed or operafing since the previous survey EPA remedial project manager (RPM) Galo Jackson conducted the first well survey concurrenfiy with the FYR Site inspection and identified two wells (Figure 2) One well was located along East 9 Avenue on the EQ Florida property in Zone A The second well was located along East 7 Avenue on the RampL Metals property in Zone B SWFWMD was notified of these wells in September 2010 The well in Zone A is currenUypemiitted for industrial use by EQ Florida and the well in Zone B has been plugged and abandoned on the RampL Metals property

SWFWMD has the authority to impose reasonable condifions necessary to protect the applicable water source and to prevent the spread of ground or surface water contaminafion For well construcfion pennits such conditions include prohibiting use of the well as a potable water supply requiring notice to well owners of potential ground water contamination or requiring specific methods ofconstruction Under Florida Administrafive Code (FAC) Rule 40D-3505(3) SWFWMD will deny an application for a well construction pemiit for activity in Zone A if use ofthe well would increase the potential for hanii to public health safety and welfareor if the proposed well would degrade the water quality ofthe aquifer by causing pollutants to spread

30

60 Five-Year Review Process

61 Administrative Components

EPA Region 4 initiated the FYR in May 2010 and scheduled its completion for January 2011 The EPA site review team was led by EPA RPM Galo Jackson and also included EPA site attomey Kevin Beswick EPA Community Involvement Coordinator (CIC) LTonya Spencer and contractor support provided to EPA by Christy Fielden and Sabrina Foster of E Inc In May 2010 EPA held a scoping call with the review team to discuss the Site and itenis of interest as they related to the protectiveness ofthe remedy cunently in place A review schedule was established that consisted ofthe following activities

Community notification Document review Data collection and review Site inspection Local interviews FYR Report development and review

62 Community Involvement

In January 2011 a public notice was published in the Tampa Tribune announcing the commencement ofthe FYR process for the Site providing contact information for RPM Galo Jackson and CIC LTonya Spencer and invifing community participation was published The press notice is available in Appendix B The FYR report will be made available to the public once it has been finalized Copies ofthis docunient will be placed in the designated site repository University of South Florida Library located at 4202 East Fowler Avenue Tampa Florida 33620 Upon completion ofthe FYR a public notice will be placed in the Tampa Tribune to announce the availability ofthe final FYR report in the Sites document repository

63 Document Review

This FYR included a review of relevant site-related documents including the ROD remedial action reports and recent monitoring data A complete list ofthe documents reviewed can be found in Appendix A

ARARs Review

Section 121(d)(2)(A) of CERCLA specifies that Superfund remedial actions must meet any federal standards requirements criteria or limitations that are detennined to be applicable or relevant and appropriate requirements (ARARs) ARARs are those standards criteria or limitations promulgated under federal or state law that specifically address a hazardous substance pollutant contaminant remedial action locafion or other circumstance at a CERCLA site To-Be-Considered criteria (TBCs) are non-promulgated

31

advisories and guidance that are not legally binding but should be considered in detennining the necessary level of cleanup for protection of human health or the environment While TBCs do not have the status of ARARs EPAs approach to detemiining ifan RA is protective of hunian health and the environment involves consideration of TBCs along with ARARs

Chemical-specific ARARs are specific numerical concentration restrictions on individually listed contaminants in specific media Examples of chemical-specific ARARs include the MCLs specified under the Safe Drinking Water Act as well as the ambient water quality criteria enumerated under the Clean Water Act Because there are usually numerous contaminants of potential concem for any Site various numerical quanfity requirements can be ARARs The final remedy selected for this Site was designed to meet or exceed all chemical-specific ARARs and meet location- and action-specific ARARs

Ground Water

According to the 1996 ROD cleanup goals for the nine ground water COCs were selected to ensure that remaining ground water concentrations would not exceed the 1 x 10~ risk level for carcinogens a Hazard Quotient (HQ) of 1 for non-carcinogens under an industrial land use scenario The cleanup goals for 44-DDT endosulfan 1 and endosulfan II were selected based on health-based criteria The site-specific health-based cleanup goal for 44-DDT was less stringent than Floridas ground water guidance and the ROD notes that the cleanup goal may need to be revisited in the future to obtain FDEPs agreement with deletion ofthe Site from the NPL upon completion of cleanup activities

Cleanup goals for aldrin alpha-BHC beta-BHC and dieldrin were based on the Florida Groundwater Guidance Concentration which is a TBC for the Site The cleanup goal for total xylene listed in the 1996 ROD was selected based on the State secondary MCL but was later modified in the 2005 ESD to be consistent with federal and State primary MCLs The cleanup goal for gamma-BHC was selected based on federal and State MCLs

The ARARs for aldrin alpha-BHC beta-BHC and dieldrin were compared to the current Florida Groundwater and Surface Water Contaminant Cleanup Target Levels (62 FAC 777) which is the cuirent State guidance on acceptable ground water contaminant concentrations (Table 4) The ARARs for all four of these COCs have become more stringent since the signing ofthe 1996 ROD The cleanup goals for gamma-BHC and total xylene were compared with National Primary Drinking Water regulations (40 CFR 141-143) and FDEP Drinking Water Standards Monitoring and Reporting Requirements (62 FAC 550310) The cleanup goals for gamma-BHC and total xylene remain the same as in the 1996 ROD and 2005 ESD respectively This review did not find that the assumptions used in calculation ofthe site-specific health-based cleanup goals for 44-DDT endosulfan I and endosulfan II had changed

32

Table 4 Previous and 2010 ARARs for Ground Water COCs

Contaminant of Concern bull bull bull bull ^ - gt J j J bull

44-DDT Aldrin Alpha-BHC Beta-BHC Gamma-BHC Dieldrin Endosulfan I Endosulfan II Total xvlenes

1996 ROD ARAROigL)

03 005 005 01 02 01 2 2

20

2005 ESD ARAR (ugL) r

mdash -mdash mdash mdash mdash mdash mdash

10000

2010 ARAR (UgL)

03 0002 0006 002 02-

0002= 2 7

10000

ARAR Change y - y bull

None More Stringent More Stringent More Stringent

None More Stringent

None None None

a Site-specific health-based standaid selecled to ensure tlial remaining ground waler concenirations would nol exceed lhe 1 x 10 risk level for carcinogens an HQ of 1 Ior non-carcinogens or the inslRimenl quantitation limit under an industrial land use scenaiio

b Cleanup goal selecled based on Florida Groundwater Guidance Concenlralion which is a TBC for ihc Sile c Cleanup goal selecled based on federal and Florida MCLs d Cleanup goal selected based on Florida secondary MCLs e Florida Groundwater and Surface Waler Cleanup Target Levels are available al

lmpAvwwdepslatenuswasicqiiick ionicsrulcsdocunieiils62-777TablelGroundwalciCTLs4-l 7-05ndllaccessed 8122010) A comparison of Floridas 1999 and 2005 Groundwater and Surface Waler Cleanup Target Levels is available al hllpu-vvvvdenslatenuswaslequick lopicsnublicalionswcbrownlicldsConipTabiesGroundwalerandSurli ccVValerCieaniipTartJelL evelspdf

f Cunent MCLs are based on federal (40 CFR 141-1431 and slate (62 FAC 550310) drinking waler slandards Federal standards are based on Nalional Primary and Secondaiy Drinking Waler Maximum Contaminant Levels (IU(p7valcrcpacovdrinkconlaininanlsindexcrniSLisi accessed S122010) and slale standards are based on Florida Slale Drinking Waler Synthetic Organic Conlajuinanls and their Slandards (hU|iwwwdcpslalciluswalerdrinkinswalersvn conlum accessed S122010)

g Gamma-BHC is lisied as lindane in federal and state MCLs

64 Data Review

Confinnatory sampling for the 2000 pesticide area removal action and for the 2004 and 2005 sulfijr area removal actions was perfonned immediately following the removals Surface soil and sediment with COC concentrations above industrial use cleanup goals had been effectively removed and no further sampling or OampM activities are required for surface soil and sediment

Ground water pilot test activities cunently underway include baseline sampling and four subsequent sampling events for the sulfur area (Table 5) and the xylene area (Table 6) The treatability study sampling events have been implemented as follows

Baseline sampling in August 2009 60-Day Event sampling in November 2009 120-Day Event sampling in January 2010 180-Day Event sampling in March 2010 and 240-Day Event sampling in May 2010

The pilot test is invesfigating methods for the biological and physical degradation of Site contaminants Follow-up sampling analyzes various aqueous geochemical parameters in addition to contaminant concentrations Per the EPA-approved work plan routine sampling analyses include four of the nine ground water COCs alpha-BHC beta-BHC

33

gamma-BHC and total xylenes in addition to various other contaminants and break-down products

In both the sulfur area and the xylene area ground water concentrations of alpha-BHC beta-BHC and gamma-BHC have predominantly remained consistent with baseline sampling levels and largely remain elevated above cleanup goals for the Site In the sulfur area total xylene concentrations in ground water when detected are well below the cleanup goal of 10000 igL The xylene release at the Site occurred downgradient from the fomier sulfur pit and these low concentrations of xylene are consistent with expectations for this area In the xylene area total xylene concentrations are responding to the treatment showing declines below the cleanup goal in several wells (eg X3U X5U X9U and XI IU) but showing increasing concentrations in other wells (eg X6D X7U and X8D) Only data fromthe first nine months ofthe treatability study were mdash available at the time this FYR report was being drafted detennination ofthe effectiveness of these treatments must wait until the study has been completed

Ofthe site-related VOCs present in the ground water plume only xylene and possibly ethylbenzene are present in the surficial aquifer and poses a potential vapor intrusion concem Remedial contractor EnSafe Inc included an updated total xylene plume map as Figure 5-5 in the 2009 Pilot Test and Interim Monitoring Work Plan This figure shows that concentrations at or above the xylene ground vater cleanup goal are located on the Helena Chemical Conipany property along the CSX Railroad right-of-way or under the railroad tracks The few buildings within this plume area are open-sided warehouse structures on the Helena Chemical Company property and thus a vapor intmsion assessment has not been necessary

Table 5 Sulfur Area Pilot Test COC Detections in Ground Water to Date

Well Sampled

Sampling Event

(Cleanup Goal)

COCs and Detected Concentrations (pgL)

Alpha-BHC

(005 pgL)

Beta-BHC -yy (01 pgL)

Gamma-BHC

(02 pgL)

Total Xylenes

(10000 pgL)

Ecw Plot Wells

SETIU

SET2D

SET3U

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

23 D

31

17

19

24

44 D

39

26

26

38

22

19

33 J

36 1

4

25

29

12 D

045

056

059

086

3

41

43 J

68

42

57

52

11 D

066

044

047

07

55

39 1

191

NA

0461

NA

31

U

NA

033 I

NA

082

58

NA

34

J y -Well

Sampled

SET4D

SET5U

SET6D

SET7U

SET8D

Sampling Event

(Cleanup Goal)

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

1 so-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

y y j COCs and Detected Concentrations (pgL)

Alpha-BHC

(005 pgL)

17

17

28

41 D

62

37

3

37

21 D

bull 17

13

26

34

97 D

46

44

28

63

12

14

11

11

14

47

36

32

39

47

Beta-BHC

(OI pgL)

33

21

3

061 J

15

094

0461

- 068

36

41

47

4

61

12

12

095

078 1

075

13

16 1

13

15

15

087

073

064

08 1

076

Gamma-BHC

(02 pgL)

44

341

57

074 J

087

12

046 1

- - 052

39

37 1

31

51

48

11

082 1

05

04 1

043

32

27

28

23

28

1

14

11

1 I

095

Total Xylenes

(10000 pgL)

86

NA

7

171

NA

11 1

NA

036

64

NA

3

NA

39

25

NA

76

NA

56

21

NA

35

NA

15

U

NA

33

NA

17

laquocv Plot Wells

SWTIU

SWT2D

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

1 so-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

19 IJ

099

14

13

22

048 J

U

U

0031

063 J

053

052

06

075

023 J

U

U

014

U

032

038

03

059

U

U

U

000941

U

NA

U

NA

U

0441

NA

07 1

NA

35

Well Sampled

SWT3U

SWT4D

SWT5U

SWT6D

SWT7U

SWT8D

-bull i

Sampling Event

(Cleanup Goal)

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

COCs and Detected Concentrations (pgL)

Alpha-BHC

(005 pgL)

U

075 J

18

13

14

22

073

018 --

U

U

U

51

U

16

41

18

037 J

073

056

057

061

039

029

045

059

073

028

02

015

016

011

Beta-BHC

(01 pgL)

U

021

079

035

033

047

036

- 0094

U

U

U

26

23

093

022 1

036

029 1

033

022

U

026

03

039

047

057

051

U

013

011

U

0056

Gamtiia-BHC

(02 pgL)

U

u 029

0084

019

022

U

012

011

012

U

24

24

08

052

U

U

0031 I

U

U

U

U

U

u u u u

00171

002 I J

U

U

Total Xylenes

(10000 pgL)

U n

NA

U

NA

069

U

NA

U

NA

U

72

NA

73

NA

60

36

NA

U

NA

U

U

NA

U

NA

U

92

NA

U

NA

U

D value reported from second diluiion 1 eslimaled valuebelow reporting limil J eslimaled value NA nol analyzed U undetected fitilic- COC was detected bul concentration was below cleanup goal

36

Table 6 Xylene Area Pilot Test COC Detections in Ground Water to Date

yy-

J j Well Sampled

XIU

X2D

X3U

X4D

X5U

X6D

X7U

Sampling Event

(Cleanup Goal)

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

_Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

COCs and Detected Concentrations (pgL)

Alpha-BHC

(005 pgL)

8 D

NA

NA

56

NA

71

NA

NA

58 J

NA

15D

NA

NA

15

NA

12D

NA

NA

23

NA

78 D

NA

NA

44 J

NA

52 D

NA

NA

28 J

NA

61 D

NA

NA

46

NA

Beta-BHC

(01 pgL)

19 D

NA

NA

13 J

NA

17

NA

NA

17J

NA

3 J

NA

NA

36

NA

13J

NA

NA

13 1

NA

093 ID

NA

NA

08 J

NA

091 ID

NA

NA

07 J

NA

12D

NA

NA

089

NA

Gamma-BHC

(02 pgL)

U

NA

NA

U

NA

071 I

NA

NA

14 J

NA

046 J

NA

NA

bull056

NA

42 J

NA

NA

82

NA

U

NA

NA

O I J

NA

38 D

NA

NA

2 J

NA

U

NA

NA

U

NA

Total Xylene

(10000 pgL)

200

13

11

23

29

180

56

54

150

42

23000

11000

13000

1400

4500

19000

12000

19000

22000

15000

18000

21000

20000

3200

13000

3000

1100

6000

40000

3000

24000

31000

37000

81000

34000

37

Well Sampled

X8D

X9U

bull XIOD

X l l U

X12D

Sampling Event

(Cleanup Goal)

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

COCs and Detected Concentrations (pgL)

Alpha-BHC

(005 pgL)

57

NA

NA

21 J

NA

39

NA

NA

53

NA

43

NA

NA

59

NA

81

NA

NA

49

NA

39

NA

NA

56

NA

Beta-BHC

(01 pgL)

14

NA

NA

018 U

NA

021 I

NA

NA

026 J

NA

049

NA

NA

061 I

NA

097

NA

NA

075 1

NA

064 1

NA

NA

093 ID

NA

Gamma-BHC

(02 pgL)

12

NA

NA

057 U

NA

025 1

NA

NA

017 J

NA

45

NA

NA

7

NA

U

NA

NA

U

NA

16

NA

NA

34

NA

Total Xylene

(10000 pgL)

960

7100

27000

19000

5700

22000

14000

35000

2700

950

770

260

780

760

540

14000

3800

1600

600

11000

4900

250

I I00

5800

9300 D value reponed from second dilution 1 eslimaled value below reponing limit J estimated value NA nol analyzed U not applicable Ilalics COC was delecled bul concenlralion was below cleanup goal

38

65 Site Inspection

On July 8 2010 the site inspection was perfomied by the following participants Galo Jackson of EPA Region 4 Edward Brister ofthe Helena Chemical Coinpany and Christy Fielden and Sabrina Foster of E~ Inc The completed Site inspection checklist is available in Appendix D Photographs were taken of site features including monitoring wells and access controls (Appendix E)

The Site has been in continuous operation since 1929 as an agricultural chemical manufacturing and distributing facility The bulk of chemical fonnulation activifies have been moved off-site to a different Helena Cheinical Coinpany facility in Georgia however some formulation and packaging of insecticidal spray oil and liquid fertilizers still occur at the Site The Site also serves as Helena Chemical Companys main-distribution warehouse for sales locations in the State of Florida

The Site inspection was led by Mr Ed Brister the Engineering Safety Health and Environment Director for the Helena Chemical Company who provided a tour ofthe full Helena Chemical Coinpany property indicating where remedial actions had been implemented and explaining the locations and associated activifies of current pilot testing for the ground water treatability study Several monitoring and injection wells were located during the Site inspection all active site wells were properly secured or had been appropriately abandoned Injection and monitoring wells for the adjacent Alaric Site were noted on the Helena Woods area ofthe Site but were not inspected since they are related to a different site The Site is well maintained and has a secure perimeter fence and clear signage in place Unauthorized persons are restricted from accessing the property outside of regular business hours

Evaluation and implementafion of institutional controls were discussed during the Site inspection Several interim institutional controls have been implemented for the Site and final institutional controls including land use restrictions will be evaluated and implemented if necessary once the current pilot-scale ground water remedy treatability study has concluded and a revised ground water remedy has been selected Zoning designations and the Helena Chemical Companys intention to continue operations at the Site for the foreseeable future liniit the potential for inappropriate land uses or on-site operations incompatible with remedy components in place EPA has also implemented ground water institutional controls through a Memorandum of Agreement with SWFWMD

On July 7 2010 E Inc staff conducted research regarding Site deed infonnation at the Hillsborough County Deed Records Office The approximately eight-acre Site is situated on four parcels of land 1) 65-acre Parcel A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000220 2) 088-acre Parcel A-14-29-I9-4CA-000000-000320 3) 092-acre Parcel A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000330 and 4) 017-acre Parcel A-14-29-19-4CE-000003-000010 (Figure 4) Deed records for the four parcels could not be located in the online database or microfilm collection at the deeds office Galo Jackson EPA RPM for the Site was infonned that the deeds could not be located and conducted a title search for the property through EPA

39

databases but was also unable to locate deed records According to the Hillsborough County Property Appraisers Office all four parcels are presently owned by Helena Chemical Company The active cheinical distribufion warehouse is located on Parcel A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000220

On July 8 2010 E Inc staff visited the designated local Site repository at the University of South Florida Library located at 4202 East Fowler Avenue Tampa Florida 33620 as part ofthe site inspection The site repository contained fourteen volumes of administrative documents and other infonnation pertaining to the Site This infomiation included documentation ofthe initial remedial investigation and feasibility study as well as a copy ofthe 1996 ROD The 2005 ESD and 2006 FYR could not be located at the time ofthe Site inspection but were provided to the library by RPM Galo Jackson on January 212011

The 1996 ROD called for institutional controls to be put in place as part of both the soil and sediment remedy and the ground water remedy (Table 7) According to the ROD soil and sediment institutional controls were to include deed restrictions Fencing was to provide an engineering control The Site is presently surrounded by a secured perimeter fence and access gates are locked outside of nonnal business hours The operating facility parcel is currently zoned as light industrial and the Helena Woods parcels are zoned as vacant land and a mobile home park The local Planning Commission anficipates rezoning all four parcels for heavy industrial use The fiature anficipated land use is consistent with the industrial exposure criteria used in the selection of Site cleanup goals The ROD also called for deed restrictions to restrict the use of site-impacted ground water on and off the Site in order to limit exposure to contaminated ground water until cleanup goals are achieved EPA and FDEP are in discussions regarding the restrictive covenant in order to prevent fijture exposure to Site soil A 2008 Memorandum of Agreement between EPA Region 4 and SWFWMD addresses the need to restrict the use of site-related ground water The agreement establishes regular communication between the two agencies and affinns SWFWMDs regulatory authority to implement and enforce ground water use restrictions at the Site This authority addresses well constmction pemiits restrictions on use of wells for potable water supply and requirements that well owners be notified of ground water contaniination that may impact their wells At the request ofthe FDEP once the treatability study is completed and a revised ground water remedy for the Site has been selected the need for additional ground water institutional controls will be reevaluated and the existing institutional controls will be modified or new institufional controls will be implemented as appropriate

40

Figure 4 Site Parcel Map

c

ir Pirtplm ( ^ r | [ i Vjrtrl ID ^r-iti-v-lt 14UtKu^iraquoiii 0

A u raquo114CA O cac i ao aociit o

1 U raquo 19 4CilltXXgt0la 000130

1laquo2raquo lraquo-CIltCT0lf7 0iraquo(l l

M laquo n lt ) laquo l lt raquo i i o D r poDin o bull i 4 m laquo - laquo i F o o a n i j - a x u ^ i

A 1lt 2 19 ICAdWOOO tUGStO

laquo bull raquo 2raquo 1laquo bullCtOOOOOI-OXWlO

laquollaquo-raquo-19-fCAltraquo)0CWgt-00Mlaquo C

A14-V41V( I 40uai IKAll lO

AM 29 1V4CE aJDOM aODIIlJ)

laquo Ll 29 raquo 2ZZ D a m B 7K1D9

laquobull I t-J ]9-4claquoltnnraquoiKnraquo o

A-i4-raquo-]laquoltif (KU)ittMraquoaii] u A 14 J 9 14 laquoCA IXHIraquoDC(Xrli t

A 14 29 1raquo 4CA OOOOOOOMUO

raquo 1 4 29-19-4CE OOOOOI-OWWO A- l J9- )bullbulllaquo s wnmn-flooiM t A 14-29- UI4ig4IOOM94UOraquolgt

A 14 2laquo 19 4C9 OODOOl 400070

M-raquo-H 4C8laquo)000(K)OOaj I

A r H - i S i v - t c A H n x i M m i i a i A^14)l|1laquo-t(jt-0(lIMCH3Xl^ I

14 2 raquo 19-4Cpound 000001000012

A U 29- U 4 a OOOOOKXWOl-O

raquo 14 29 19 -4a oaoooraquolaquo)oolaquoo

14 j m ^ c o o n w i ^ n o i o n

A-14-2ltl-tW l-UCtitKMfiOagtlil Atlt29 iraquo4(xiioaaoii-iioagtio

A 14 29 1raquo4CA DOaOOO-OOQlSJ

A-tlaquo ZHIUCA-IKOOIXMKICOZ 0

AH-Jlaquoltllaquoiiraquo-TOKIC8-0lltIlU 0

A-]429iezzz-i)iiaxB-7Moao

A 14 29 194CAlaquoXI00Ca0ata0

A 1429^ i9-4CA-iicaaixi-ooa2a 2

A14 29-19 4CHIOOlaquogt7KIlaquoIraquo 0

A-14 JV tlaquo-laquoii -uxiot-nnDi i

A14 2laquo ilaquo-4CAiiooacii]-aaoigo A 14 23 LO 4CMI00Oraquo OOOOlO

A 14 29-isacE-oooora-aotrao

A-t4-ii-lraquo-laquo A-ooooawwoK o

A lA-2V^lraquot(A-Igt]ltKcll-IIIiaiI I

A 14-29 19-raquoCf oocoos acooi-o

A 14 29 19 ACI OOmOl-OCOOll

A-W-29-19-4CI-aXK)07-OOOOTjO

Arl4-Jraquo llti-4n-O30O3V00COI c

A l4 2raquo l9 4Ulaquoraquo006-OOOa24l

A 14 29 19 4 a 000004 OOOOSjO

A 14 29-19-4CC-D0O00aOO0a3lCI

A t raquo 29-19-laquotA4laquoIO0OT-00CO9O

bull i4-2raquo^iltM( A-oniucu IXUltl 0

A 14 2raquo 19gt4CA4gt0O(ICa OOOISXI

A 14 raquo 1raquo4CA DOOOOO 00014 1

Legend

I Site Parcels

I ^ _ J site Boundary

AjiprowmatBBoundary o tSurfc ia l Aquiter Ground Whter Pfume |

Approximate Boundary of in tennedia te Aquieet Sys t em Ground w a t e r R u m e

A i Parcels

Helena Chemical Company Superfund Site Tampa Hillsborough County Florida

Disc la imer Th i s m a p and any b o u n d a r y l ines w i th in the m a p a re a p p r o x i m a t e a n d subject to c h a n g e T h e m a p is not a survey T h e m a p is for

informat ional pu rposes only r ega rd ing E P A s r e s p o n s e ac t ions at t h e Si te and is not in tended for any o the r purpose

41

Table 7 Institutional Control (IC) Summary Table

Media

Ground Water

Soil and Sediment

ICs Needed

Yes

Yes

ICs Called for in the Decision Documents

Yes

Yes

IC Objective

Restrict use of contaminated ground water to limit exposure until cleanup goals are achieved

Restrict land uses to industrial or similar

The 1996 ROD also listed fencing as an institutional control for soil and sed not been included above because it is considered an engineering control

Instrument in Place

The 1996 ROD called for deed notices as the institutional control instrument These have not been implemented However a 2008 Memorandum of Agreement between EPA and SWFWMD confirms SWFWMDs regulatory authority to restrict well constmction restrict well use as a potable water source and requiring that well owners benotified of ground water contamination that may impact their wells This authority applies to on-site parcels as well as off-site parcels covering the entire area affected by site-related ground water contamination

The land use restrictions called for in the 1996 ROD have not been implemented however Helena Chemical Company has maintained operations at the Site tliroughout remedial activities and intends to continue Site operations for the foreseeable future A restrictive covenant will be placed on the Site to ensure the Site is only used for industrial purposes The operating facility parcel is presently zoned for light industrial use and all four parcels will soon be rezoned for heavy industrial use which is consistent with the industrial exposure criteria used in selecting cleanup goals for the Site A secure perimeter fence restricts access to the Site limiting the potential for inadvertent soil exposure

ment source control however this has

42

66 Interviews

During the FYR process interviews were conducted with parties impacted by the Site including the current landowners and regulatory agencies involved in Site activities or aware ofthe Site The purpose ofthe interviews was to document the perceived status of the Site and any perceived problems or successes with the phases ofthe remedy that have been implemented to date Intei^views with Mr Jackson and Mr Brister were conducted during the site inspection on July 8 2010 Interviews with Ms Milicic and Ms Yeargan were conducted via e-mail on August 23 2010 and September 27 2010 respectively Several nearby businesses were also contacted but declined or did not have interest in being interviewed about the Site Interviews are summarized below and complete interviews are included in Appendix C

Galo Jackson Mr Jackson is the EPA RPM for the Site Mr Jackson indicates that a pilot-scale treatability study for site ground water is presently underway Results are being routinely shared with EPA and FDEP while there have been many challenges and it is still too early to detennine whether the treatments being explored can effecfively address ground water contamination he is hopeful that the treatments will be successful He has not received any complaints or inquiries from the community in the past five years and is not aware of any effects the Site may have had on the surrounding community He is pleased with the regular updates and infonnation he receives from the remedial contractor EnSafe Inc

Edward Brister Mr Brister is the Engineering Safety Health and Environinent Director for the Helena Chemical Conipany Mr Brister indicates that he is pleased with progress at the Site and believes that the remedial activities taken to date are perfomiing successfully He feels well infonned about activities and progress at the Site He does not know of any effects that the Site has had on the surrounding cominunity beyond the potential for Superfiind stigma which is common at many similar sites Mr Brister indicates that there is one residence in the area ofthe Site and that the owners a couple had expressed concems to him in the past He notes that the couple was temporarily relocated during removal activities in 2000 and again during sulfijr area removal actions in 2004 and 2005 Other than his discussions with the couple who were temporarily relocated he has not heard any complaints or concems from the cominunity regarding the Site

Karen Milicic Ms Milicic is the FDEP project manager for the Site Ms Milicic thinks that activities at the Site are making progress in addressing site COCs She is aware ofthe treatability study work that is presently underway and feels very well infonned regarding progress at the Site She believes that it is sfill too early to comment on the effectiveness ofthe current treatments being explored for ground water at the Site as the treatability study has not yet concluded She is not aware of any complaints or inquiries regarding the Site over the last five years

Mary Yeargan Ms Yeargan is the Environmental Protection Commission of Hillsborough County project manager for the Site Ms Yeargan has been involved at the

43

Site for many years and participated in the previous 2006 FYR site inspection She indicates that the Site is situated in an area that is impacted by multiple Superfijnd sites as well as other facilities that contribute to blight in the area She acknowledges that the Site may contribute to some more general community concems about the presence of Superfijnd sites in the area but she does not think that the Site specifically has been the source of concem within the larger area Since the 2006 FYR Ms Yeargan has received one complaint about potential ground water contaniination that a community member thought may have resulted from one ofthe area Superfund sites The well was tested by the Department of Public Health contamination was not detected in the sampling and the well was found to be safe for continued use She is not aware of any changes in laws or land use in the area that would impact the Site Given the shortage of lands available for heavy industrial uses she thinks it would be unlikely for the zoning ofthe parcels that compose the Site-to be changed to anything other than heavy industrial-She feels welf infomied about site activities and remains in regular communication as needed with EPA RPM Galo Jackson

44

70 Technical Assessment

71 Question A Is the remedy functioning as intended by the decision documents

The review of documents ARARs risk assumptions and the Site inspection indicate that the Sites soil remedy is functioning as intended by Site decision documents for soil and sediment Pesticide-contaminated surface soil and sediment at the Site and the adjacent CSX railway line east drainage ditch were excavated and shipped offsite for biological treatment and disposal Contaminated soil and residual sulfur were also excavated and shipped offsite for disposal Since there is commingling ofthe Sites ground water plumes with those ofthe adjacent Alaric Site the pump-and-treat ground water remedy selected in the 1996 ROD may not cunently be appropriate to implement at the Site until

- the Alaric Sites plumes have been remediated Helena Chemical Conipany proposed a pilot-scale treatability study to evaluate the feasibility of biological and physical ground water contaminant degradation The Work Plan for this treatability study was approved by EPA in August 2009 The study is currently underway and was scheduled to conclude by the fourth quarter of 2010 with a contingency period of another 12 months if necessary A final report documenting the effectiveness ofthe first fijll year ofthe treatability study was not available at the time this FYR report was drafted therefore a decision regarding whether to implement the additional 12 month contingency period had also not been made The final results ofthe treatability study will be used to infonn the selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site In the event that the treatability study is not successful EPA may consider additional avenues to approach remediation including additional excavation

The 1996 ROD selected the implementation of institutional controls in the form of deed restrictions for soil sediment and ground water to limit exposure to site-related contamination Fencing was also required by the 1996 ROD Land use restrictions have not been implemented for the Site however some interim institutional controls to protect against exposure to ground water contamination have been implemented Helena Chemical Company intends to confinue Site operations for the foreseeable future and has no intention to sell lease or transfer any portion ofthe Site Cunent and future zoning designations are consistent with the industrial land use criteria used in selection of Site COC cleanup goals In 2008 EPA entered into a Memorandum of Agreement with the SWFWMD The document confirms SWFWMDs regulatory authority to place restrictions on well placement and constmction Through shared infomiation between the two agencies SWFWMD can make infomied pennitting and enforcement decisions to prevent exposure to ground water contamination that could pose a risk to hunian health No impacted ground water wells are used for potable water buildings at the Site and in the surrounding area are connected to municipal water supply lines The need for additional institufional controls will be evaluated upon selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site

The Site is well-maintained and is surrounded by a secured perimeter fence with signs restricting access Access is limited to authorized persons during regular business hours

45

All site-related wells are secured or if no longer operational have been properly abandoned

72 Question B Are the exposure assumptions toxicity data cleanup levels and remedial action objectives (RAOs) used at the time of remedy selection still valid

The ARARs for four ofthe nine ground water COCs aldrin alpha-BHC beta-BHC and dieldrin have become more stringent since the signing ofthe 1996 ROD During the current ground water treatability study both alpha-BHC and beta-BHC have been detected at levels greater than the RODs less stringent cleanup goals for these COCs Remedial activities at the Site have allowed the continued industrial use ofthe property and have reduced ecological risk at the Site The selection of a revised ground water remedy is required before achieving the remaining two RAOs 1) protection of ground water from continued degradation by Site contaminants and 2) reduction of risk to human health within EPAs acceptable risk range Residual soil contamination remains present below the water table and the ground water plume continues to exceed cleanup goals The industrial land use at the Site and in the surrounding area is unchanged since the ROD was signed therefore the exposure assumpfions are still valid Benzene and ethylbenzene are being detected in the groundwater at concentrations above the primary drinking-water standards

73 Question C Has any other information come to light that could call into question the protectiveness ofthe remedy

No other infomiation has come to light that could call into question the protectiveness of the remedy

74 Technical Assessment Summary

The review of documents ARARs risk assumptions and the Site inspection indicate that the Sites soil remedy is functioning as intended by Site decision documents for soil and sediment Pesticide-contaminated surface soil and sediment at the Site and the adjacent CSX railway line east drainage ditch were excavated and shipped offsite for biological treatment and disposal Contaminated soil and residual sulfur were also excavated and shipped off-site for disposal Since there is commingling ofthe Sites ground water plumes with those ofthe adjacent Alaric Site the pump-and-treat ground water remedy selected in the 1996 ROD may not currently be appropriate to implement at the Site until the Alaric Sites plumes have been remediated Helena Chemical Company proposed a pilot-scale treatability study to evaluate the feasibility of biological and physical ground water contaminant degradafion The work plan for this treatability study was approved by EPA in August 2009 The study is currenfiy underway and was scheduled to conclude by the fourth quarter of 2010 vvith a contingency period of another 12 months if necessary A final report documenting the effectiveness ofthe first full year ofthe treatability study was not available at the time this FYR report was drafted therefore a decision regarding whether to implement the additional 12 month contingency period had also not been made The final results ofthe treatability study will be used to infonn the selection of a

46

revised ground water remedy for the Site In the event that the treatability study is not successful EPA may consider addifional avenues to approach remediation including additional excavation

The ARARs for four ofthe nine ground water COCs aldrin alpha-BHC beta-BHC and dieldrin have become more stringent since the signing ofthe 1996 ROD During the current ground water treatability study both alpha-BHC and beta-BHC have been detected at levels greater than the cuirent less-stringent cleanup goal for these COCs Remedial activities at the Site have allowed the continued industrial use ofthe property and have reduced ecological risk at the Site The selection of a revised ground water remedy is required before achieving the remaining two RAOs 1) protection of ground water from confinued degradation by Site contaminants and 2) reduction of risk to

-human health within EPAs acceptable risk range Residual soil contaniination remains present below the water table and the ground water plume continues to exceed cleanup goals The industrial land use at the Site and in the surrounding area has not changed since the ROD was signed therefore the exposure assumptions are still valid

The 1996 ROD selected the implementation of institutional controls in the fomi of deed restrictions for soil sediment and ground water to liinit exposure to site-related contamination Fencing was also required by the 1996 ROD Land use restrictions have not been implemented for the Site however some interim institufional controls to protect against exposure to ground water contamination have been implemented Helena Chemical Company intends to continue Site operations for the foreseeable future and has no intention to sell lease or transfer any portion ofthe Site Current and future zoning designations are consistent with the industrial land use criteria used in selection of site COC cleanup goals In 2008 EPA entered into a Memorandum of Agreement with the SWFWMD The document confinns SWFWMDs regulatory authority to place restrictions on well placement and constmction Through shared infonnation between the two agencies SWFWMD can make infonned pemiitting and enforcement decisions to prevent exposure to ground water contamination that could pose a risk to hunian health No impacted ground water wells are used for potable water buildings at the Site and in the surrounding area are connected to municipal water supply lines The need for additional institutional controls will be evaluated upon selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site

The Site is well-maintained and is surrounded by a secured perimeter fence with signs restricting access Access is limited to authorized persons during regular business hours All site-related wells have been secured or if no longer operational have been properly abandoned

47

80 Issues

Table 8 summarizes the current site issues

Table 8 Current Site Issues

Issue

A revised ground water remedy for the Site has not been selected or implemented and sampling events continue to detect COC concentrations in ground water that are greater than cleanup goals Land use restrictions for the Site have not yet been implemented

Affects Current Protectiveness

(Yes or No)

No

No

Affects Future Protectiveness

(Yes or No)

Yes

Yes

48

90 Recommendations and Follow-up Actions

Table 9 provides recommendations to address the current site issues

Table 9 Recommendations to Address Current Site Issues

Issue

A revised groundshywater remedy for the Site has not been selected or mdash implemented and sampling events continue to detect COC concentrations in ground water that are greater than cleanup goals

Land use restrictions for the Site have not yet been implemented

Recommendations Follow-Up Actions

- At the conclusion ofthe current pilot study evaluate results and if appropriate docunient the selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site

A restrictive covenant will be concluded designed to ensure the Site remains industrial

Party Responsible

PRP

PRP

Oversight Agency

EPA

EPA

Milestone Date

01312012

01312012

Affects Protectiveness

(Yes or No) Current

No

No

Future

Yes

Yes

49

100 Protectiveness Statements

The Sites remedy currently protects huinan health and the environment in the short-tenn because it is functioning as intended by the Sites decision documents for soil and sediment Source materials have been excavated and removed for off-site treatment and disposal The selected ground water remedy has not yet been implemented due to concems with promoting migration ofthe ground water plume from the neighboring Alaric Site A pilot-scale bioremediafion treatability study is underway and will hopefully aid in the selecfion of a revised ground water remedy for the Site The affected surficial aquifer in the vicinity ofthe Site is not used for potable water supply and area residents and businesses are connected to municipal water supply In order for the remedy to be protective in the long-tenn issues conceming implementation of a revised ground water remedy and institutional controls should be addressed

50

110 Next Review

This Site is a statutory Site that requires ongoing FYRs as long as waste is left on site that does not allow for unrestricted use and unlimited exposure The next FYR will be due within five years ofthe signatureapproval date ofthis FYR

51

Appendix A List of Documents Reviewed

CERCLA Infonnafion System Site Infomiation accessed from website httpcfpubepa^ovsupercpadcursitescsitinfocfinid=0400674 Accessed May 12 2010

EPA Record of Decision Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) EPA ID FLD053502696 Prepared by US EPA Region 4 May 7 1996

Explanation of Significant Differences Helena Chemical Superfund Site Tampa Hillsborough County FL Prepared by US EPA Region 4 January 27 2005

First Five-Year Review Report for Helena Chemical Company Tampa Hillsborough County Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for US EPA Region 4 January 31 2006 mdash

First Quarter 2010 Pilot Test Implementation Report Helena Chemical Company Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Chemical Conipany July 7 2010

Fourth Quarter 2009 Pilot Test Implementation Report Helena Chemical Company Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Chemical Coinpany March 12 2010

Memorandum of Agreement between the US Environmental Protection Agency Region 4 Superfund Division and the Southwest Florida Water Management District September 11 2008

Pilot Test and Interini Monitoring Work Plan for the Helena Chemical Conipany Superfund Site Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Chemical Company June 30 2009

Pilot Test Implementation Report Helena Cheinical Company Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Chemical Company December 22 2009

Second Quarter 2010 Pilot Test Implementation Report Helena Chemical Conipany Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Chemical Company September 23 2010

Third Quarter 2009 Pilot Test Implementation Report Helena Chemical Company Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Cheinical Coinpany December 22 2009

A-l

Appendix B Press Notice

y PRoA^

U S Environmental Protection Agency Region 4 Announces a Five-Year Review for

the Helena Chemical Company Superfund Site Tampa Hillsborough Countj Florida

PurposeObjective The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is conducting a Five-Year Review ofthe remedy for the Helena Chemical Company Superfuiid site (Site) in Tampa Florida The purpose ofthe Five-Year Review is to ensure that the selected cleanup actions effectively protect human health and the environment

Site~Background The Site covers approximately eight acres and is located in the Orient Park industrial area in Tampa Floiida The ~ facility was built in 1929 as a chemical plant for the production of sulfur The initial owners manufactured wettable and dusting sulfur and formulated pesticides herbicides fungicides and fertilizers at the facility Helena Chemical Company purchased the property in 1967 and continued these manufacturing operations until 1981 The company moved its pesticide herbicide and fiingicide formulation operations to Georgia in 1981 but has continued to fonnulate insecticidal petroleum oil and liquid fertilizers at the facility Former manufacturing operations by Helena Chemical Company and its predecessors resulted in soil and ground water contamination EPA placed the Site on the National Priorities List (NPL) in October 1992

Cleanup Actions In 1996 EPA signed the Record of Decision (ROD) for the Site which selected a remedy to clean up contaminants by excavating and treating contaminated soils disposing of sulfur-contaminated soils offsite neutralizing soil pH and containing ground water contamination to prevent off-site migration Between 2000 and 2005 more than 10000 tons of contaminated soils were excavated for treatment and soils with sulfur contamination were disposed of off site After the soil removals lime was incorporated into remaining on-site soils to neutralize the sulfuric acid present four feet below the land surface However the addition of lime appears to have had minimal effect on areas with low pH Design ofthe ground water treatment system was delayed due to the need to distinguish between source contamination at the Site and source contaniination emanating from another Superfijnd site the Alaric Area Ground Water Plume site which is located adjacent to the Site Ground water sampling conducted in 2007 concluded that pesticide concentrations at the Site continue to exceed cleanup goals established in the ROD and require remedial action Several pilot-scale treatability studies commenced in 2009 and are presently underway

Five-Vear Review Schedule The National Contingency Plan requires that remedial actions that result in any hazardous substances pollutants or contaminants remaining at the Superfimd Sites above levels that allow for unlimited use and unrestricted exposure be reviewed every five years to ensure the protection of human health and the environment The second ofthe Five-Year Reviews for this Site will be completed in January 2011

EPA invites community participation in the Five-Year Review process EPA is conducting this Five-Year Review to evaluate the effectiveness ofthe Sites remedy and to ensure that the remedy remains protective of human health and the environment As part ofthe Five-Year Review process EPA staff are available to answer any questions about the Site Community members who have questions about the Site or the Five-Year Review process or vvho would like to participate in a community interview are asked to contact

Galo Jackson Remedial Project Manager LTonya Spencer Community Involvement Coordinator Phone 404-562-8937 Phone 404-562-8463 1 -800-435-9234 (toll free) E-mail jacksongaloMjepauov E-mail spencerlatonva(5)epagov

Mailing Address EPA Region 4 Sam Nunn Atlanta Federal Center 61 Forsyth St SW Mail Code 9T25 Atlanta GA 30303-8960

Site information is also available at the Sites local document repository at University of South Florida Library 4202 East Fowler Avenue Tampa Florida 33620 and online at httpwvwepcigovi-egion4wasteitplitplflshelenafl-hlin

B-

Appendix C Interview Forms

Interview Form 2011 Five-Year Review - Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) Site Tampa FL

Site Name Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) EPA ID No FLD053502696 Interviewer Name Sabrina Foster Affiliation E Inc Subjects Name Galo Jackson Affiliation EPA Region 4 Subjects Contact Information iacksongalo(fl)epagov Time 915 am Date July 8 2010 Type of Interview (Circle one) In Person Phone Mail Other Location of Interview Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) site

IVIiat is your overall impression ofthe project In tenns ofthe pilot-scale treatability study for water the project is on schedule We are getting results back having them reviewed but it is still too early to tell what the final result will be The treatability study has been challenging but I am hopeful that it will work

2 What effect has this site had on the surrounding community ifany^7 None that 1 am aware of

3 How well do you believe the remedy currently in place is performing7 Do you believe the monitoring data show the remedys effectiveness^ As 1 said before we are still working on the treatability study so it is really too early to tell The study is still in early stages

4 Are you aware of any complaints or inquiries regarding environmental issues or the remedial action from residents since implementation ofthe cleanup 1 have not received any in the last five years

5 Are you aware of any changes in projected land use at or near the site No as far as I know it is all still zoned for heavy industrial use

6 Do you feel well informed about the site y activities and progress Yes EnSafe are the remedial contractors and they do a good job keeping me well-in fonn ed

7 Do you have any commenis suggeslions or recommendations regarding the sile s management or operation Not really The treatability study is underway and 1 am hopeful that it will work

C-1

Site Name Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) EPA ID No FLD053502696 Interviewer Name Sabrina Foster Affiliation E Inc Subjects Name Ed Brister Affiliation Helena Chemical Company Subjects Contact Information bristere(laquo)helenachemicacom Time 900 am Date July 8 2010 Type of Interview (Circle one) In Person Phone Mail Other Location of Interview Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) site

1 What is your overall impression ofthe project My impression is that it is good and has been a successful project

2 What e f f y has this site had on the surrounding community ifany mdash We dont know of any effect on the surrounding community Certainly there hasnt been

an effect on human health At any site like this you are going to have stigma issues but we dont hear any concerns out ofthe community about it

3 How well do you believe the remedy currently in place is performing 1 think it is doing well

4 Are you aware of any complaints or inquiries regarding environmental issues or the remedial action from residents since implementation ofthe cleanup Yes During the implementation ofthe cleanup the soil excavations we did hear of concems Irom a neighbor [Resident 1] We addressed her concems by temporarily moving her and her husband from their home for a couple of months to a location south of here We temporarily moved the [residents] twice once during the big removal in 2000 and again during the excavation and removal ofthe sulfur area in 2004-2005

5 Are you aware of any changes in projected land use at or near the site No not for here or for the surrounding areas

6 Do you feel well informed about the site s activities and progress Yes

7 Do you have any commenis suggestions or recommendations regarding the site f management or operation No

C-2

SiteName Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) EPA ID No FLD053502696 Subjects Name Karen Milicic Affiliation FDEP Subjects Contact Information 850-245-8931 Time 913 am Date August 23 2010 Type of Interview (Circle one) In Person Phone Mail Other E-mail Location of Interview Tallahassee FL

What is your overall impression ofthe project Good appear to be making progress on addressing the contaminants of concem

2 How well do you believe the remedy currently in place is performing Still too early to tell basedon recent lab data

3 Are you comfortable with the institutional controls required for the Site and their current status of implementation Yes at this time

4 Are you aware of any complaints or inquiries regarding environmental issues or the remedial action from residents in the last five years No not aware of any complaints andor inquiries regarding the Site

5 Has your office conducted any Site-related activities or communications in the last five years If so please give purpose and results of these activities Yes to attend a site visit with EPA RPM Galo Jackson

6 Are you aware of any changes to state laws that might affect the protectiveness ofthe remedy Are you aware of any changes in projected land use at the Site Not at this fime

7 Do you feel well informed about the Site 5 activities and progress Feel very well infomied regarding the progress ofthe Site

8 Do you have any comments suggestions or recommendations regarding the Site s management or operation None at this time

C-3

Site Name Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) EPA ID No FLD053502696 Interviewer Name Sabrina Foster Affiliation E^ Inc Subjects Name Mary Yeargan Affiliation Environmental Protection

Commission of Hillsborough County Subjects Contact Information yearganm(fl)epchcorg Time 330 pm Date September 27 2010 Type of Interview (Circle one) In Person Phone Mail Other

What is your overall impression ofthe project My overall impression is that it is continuing along as it has been

2 What are your views about current site condition problems or related concerns mdash 1 was onthe site visit for the last FYR so I am familiar with the-Site and the Five-Year

Review process I think that things are continuing to move forward at the Site with the treatments underway

3 What effect has this site had on the surrounding community This is a blighted community and certainly the presence of a Superfund site contributes to the perception of blight But Helena is not the only Superfund site in the area there is also Stauffer Chemical Florida Steel Alaric as well as the jail and all the bail bonds places So there is blight in the community but it is npt a direct result of Helena

4 Has the local government received any citizen complaints or inquiries regarding environmental issues or activities at this site I havent received any specific complaints nothing about Helena in particular The calls I get largely concem other specific Superfund sites in the area or just the presence of Superfijnd sites in general I did receive a call in 2008 firom a resident who was concemed about well water and whether the presence of Superfijnd sites in the area meant that the water was contaminated Again they didnt specifically mention Helena just Superfund sites in general We called the Department of Public Health to come out and sampled the well and there was no contamination present

5 Have there been routine communications or activities (site visits inspections reporting activities etc) conducted by your office regarding the site If yes please give purpose and results No

6 Are you aware of any changes to local laws that might affect the protectiveness ofthe remedy Are you aware of any changes in projected land use at the Site No Im not aware of any changes to local laws that would impact the Site Helena continues to operate so that land use hasnt changed and I dont imagine that the land use zoning would be changed to anything other than heavy industrial There is a limited amount of space available for heavy industrial so they are going to keep any land already zoned for that purpose

C-4

7 Do you feel well informed about the Sites activities and progress If not what methods would you recommend EPA use to disseminate more information Sure

8 Do you have any comments suggestions or recommendations regarding the project None I have worked with Galo for some time and let him know right away if there are any complaints

C-5

Appendix D Site Inspection Checklist

FIVE-YEAR REVIEW SITE INSPECTION CHECKLIST

I SITE INFORMATION

Site name Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) Date of inspection July 8 2010

Location and Region Tampa FL Region 4 EPA ID FLD053502696

Agency office or company leading the five-year review EPA Region 4 Weathertemperature Clear skies sunny 85F

Remedy Includes (Check all that apply) I I Landfill covercontainment [XI Access controls IXI Institutional controls Xl Groundwater pump and treatment I I Surface water collection and treatment Xl Other Soil excavation and off-site disposal

I I Monitored natural attenuation XI Groundwater containment [~| Vertical banier walls

ttachments XT] Inspection team roster attached I I Site map attached

II INTERVIEWS (Check all that apply)

1 OampM site manager Name Title

Interiewed 77 at site [d at office Q by phone Phone no Problems suggestions XU Report attached

mmddvgtvv Date

OampM staff Name Title

Interviewed O at site J at office XU by phone Phone no Problems suggestions [d Report attached

mmddyyvv Date

D-

3 Local regulatory authorities and response agencies (ie State and Tribal offices emergency response office police department office of public health or environmental health zoning office recorder of deeds or other city and county offices etc) Fill in all that apply

Agency FDEP Contact

Problems

Agencv Cont c t Problems

Agency Contact

Problems

Aeencv Contact

Problems

Agency Contact

Problems

Karen Milicic Name

suggestions bull Report attached

Name suggestions 1 1 Report attached

N me suggestions bull Report attached

Name suggestions bull Report attached

Name suggestions CD Report attached

Proiect Manager Title

see Appendix C

8232010 Date

Title

Title see Appendix C

Date

mdash

Date

Title see Appendix C

ate

Title see Appendix C

Date

850-245-8931 Phone No

Phone No

Phone No

Phone No

Ph iieNo

4 Other interviews (optional) bull Report attached

EPA Region 4 Galo Jackson Remedial Project Manager 782010 404-562-8937

Helena Chemical Company (PRP) Ed Brister Director of Engineering Safety Health 782010901-537-8600

and Environment

III ON-SITE DOCUMENTS amp RECORDS VERIFIED (Check all that apply)

1 O amp M Documents

n OampM manual D Readily available bull Up to date

1 1 As-built drawings O Readily available Q Up to date

n Maintenance logs Q Readily available []] Up to date

Remarks

^ N A

K | N A

E ] N A

2 Site-Specific Health and Safety Plan bull Readily available ^ Up to date D NA

n Contingency planemergency response plan bull Readily available ^ Up to date O NA

Remarks

3 O amp M and OSHA Training Records Q Readily available D Up to date lEI NA

Remarks

D-2

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

1

Permits and Service Agreements

r~l Air discharge pemiit

bull Effluent discharge

n Waste disposal POTW

1 1 Other pemiits

Remarks

Gas Generation Records

Remarks

Settlement Monument Records

Remarks

Groundwater Monitoring Records

r~1 Readily available

n Readily available

77 Readily available

[y Readily available

[72 Readily available

[y Readily available

Q Readily available

Remarks Ground water monitoring records are available for the feasibilitv and intemiittent monitoring records from

n Up to date

bull Up to date

n Up to date

n Up to date

n Up to date

n Up to date mdash bull -

IC] Up to date

[ 3 NA

^ N A

KNA

KNA

13 NA

S N A

KINA

study currently underway sampling to confirm the effectiveness of soil remedial

actions are also available Since a revised ground water remedy for the Site has not vet been or implemented long-temi monitoring o

Leachate Extraction Records

Remarks

Discharge Compliance Records

selected f ground water remedy effectiveness has not yet begun 1

n Readily available

bull Air n Readily available bull Up to date

bull Water (effluent) bull Readily available bull Up to date

Remarks

Daily AccessSecurity Logs

Remarks

IV

OampM Organization

1 1 State in-house

n PRP in-house

1 1 Federal Facility in-house

n

X3 Readily available

OampM COSTS

1 1 Contractor for State

n Contractor for PRP

bull Up to date KNA

KlNA

^ N A

bull Up to date

1 1 Contractor for Federal Facility

KINA

D-3

-gt

3

OampM Cost Records

1 1 Readily available

1 1 Funding mechanist

Original OampM cost es

From mniddvYw

Date

From mmddNyyy

Date

From mnidd-w-w

Date

From mmddyvY

Date

From mmddyvw

Date

Unanticipated or Unu

Describe costs and reas

n Up to date

nagreement in place CH Unavailable

imate | 1 Breakdown attached

Total annual cost by year for review period

To mmddyvw

Date Total cost

To mmddN-vw

ate Total cost

To mmddyvw

Date Total cost

To mmddvvNv

Date Total cost

To mmddyvw

Date Total cost

iually High OampM Costs During Review P

ons

if available

bull Breakdown aitached

1 1 Breakdown attached

- 1 1 Breakdown attached

1 1 Breakdown attached

CH Breakdown attached

eriod

V ACCESS AND INSTITUTIONAL CONTROLS ^ Applicable D NA

A

1

B

1

C

Fencing

Fencing damaged Q Location shown on site map ^ G

Remarks Fencing surrounds entire property gates are secured outsi

Other Access Restrictions

Signs and other security measures O Location s

Remarks Access signs are posted near entry gates

Institutional Controls (ICs]

ues secured CD NA

de of operation hours

10wn on site map CD NA

D-4

Implementation and enforcement

Site conditions imply ICs not properly implemented

Site conditions imply ICs not being fully enforced

Type of monitoring (eg self-reporting drive by)

Frequency

Responsible partyagency

Contact

Name Title

Reporting is up-to-date

Reports are verified by the lead agency

Specific requirements in deed or decision documents have been met

Violations have been reported

Other problems or suggestions CD Report attached

D Y e s

D Y e s

No D NA

No D N A

mrrvaoyy

Date D Yes

DYes

DYes

DYes

wv Phone no

D N O

D N O

D N O

D N O

DNA

Q N A

DNA

DNA

2 Adequacy ^ ICs are adequate O ICs are inadequate CD NA

Remarks The 1996 ROD calls for institutional controls in the fomi of site deed restrictions to limit exposure to ground water contamination until cleanup goals are achieved The ROD also calls for fencing to limit access and exposure to site soil contamination At the request ofthe FDEP land use restrictions for the Site have not yet been implemented however some interim institutional controls lo protect against exposure to ground water contamination have been implemented EPA signed a Memorandum of Agreement with the SWFWMD affimiing SWFWMDs regulatory authority to restrict well construction and well use for potable water at and in the area ofthe Site Secure perimeter fencing provides an engineering control to restrict access to the Site The risk for exposure is minimal because surface soil has been remediated the Helena Chemical Company has continued site operations and plans to continue industrial activities at the Site into the foreseeable ftiture and current and future land use zoning is consistent with the industrial cleanup criteria used in the selection of site cleanup goals

A treatability study is currently underway to help detennine the revised remedy for ground water Once this remedy has been selected and decision documents have been appropriately updated Helena Chemical Company EPA the slate and Hillsborough County will evaluate changes to existing institutional controls and addition of new institutional controls for the Site as well as impacted ground water area as appropriate

D General

Vandalismtrespassing

Remarks

I I Location shown on site map No vandalism evident

2 Land use changes on site

Remarks

NA

3 Land use changes off site

Remarks

^ N A

VI GENERAL SITE CONDITIONS

Roads Applicable D NA

D-5

1

B

Roads damaged

Remarks Paved aspha

Other Site Conditions

[y] Location shown on site map ^ Roads adequate Q NA

It roads are used for access to warehouses and the office building on site

Remarks

A

1

T

3

4

5

6

7

8

VII

Landfill Surface

LANDFILL COVERS D Applicable [^ NA

Settlement (Low spots)

Arial extent

Remarks

Cracks

Lengths

Remarks

Erosion

Arial extent

Remarks

Holes

Arial extent

Remarks

Vegetative Cover

1 1 No signs of stres

Remarks

Alternative Cover

Remarks

Bulges

Arial extent

Remarks

s

1 1 Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

Widths

CD Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on sit map

CH Grass

1 1 TreesSlirubs (indicate size and loi

amiored rock concrete etc)

Xy Location shown on site map

rn Settlement not evident

Depth

CD Cracking not evident

Depths

CD Erosion not evident

Depth

CD Holes not evident

Depth

1 1 Cover properly established

bullations on a diagram)

DNA

CD Bulges not evident

Height

Wet AreasWater Damage bull Wet areaswater damage not evident

bull Wet areas

CD Ponding

n Seeps

bull Soft subgrade

Remarks

CD Location shown on site map

1 1 Location shown on site map

1 1 Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

Arial extent

Arial extent

Arial extent

Arial extent

D-6

9

B

1

2

3

C

1

1

3

4

5

Slope Instability

1 1 No evidence of slope

Arial extent

Remarks

n Slides

instability

CD Location shown on site map

Benches D Applicable ^ NA

(Horizontally constructed mounds of earth placed across a steep landfill side slope to interrupt the slope in order to slow down the velocity of surface runoff and intercept and convey the runoff to a lined channel)

Flows Bypass Bench

Remarks

Bench Breached

Remarks

Bench Overtopped

Remarks

CD Location shown on site map

bull Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

CD NA or okay

bull NA or okay

1 j NA or okay

Letdown Channels bull Applicable ^ NA

(Charaiel lined with erosion control mats riprap grout bags or gabions that descend down the steep side slope ofthe cover and will allow the runoff water collected by the benches to move off of the landfill cover without creating erosion gullies)

Settlement (Low spots)

Arial extent

Remarks

Material Degradation

Material type

Remarks

Erosion

Arial extent

Remarks

Undercutting

Arial extent

Remarks

Obstructions

bull Location shown on sit

Size

Remarks

CD Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

Type

e map Arial extent

CD No evidence of settlement

Depth

[H No evidence of degradation

Arial extent

bull No evidence of erosion

Depth

CD No evidence of undercutting

Depth

1 1 No obstmctions

D-7

6

D

1

2

3

4

5

E

1

9

3

Excessive Vegetative Growth Type

CD No evidence of excessive growth

CD Vegetation in channels does not obstmct flow

CD Location shown on site map Ari

Remarks

al extent

Cover Penetrations XC Applicable ^ NA

Gas Vents bull Active

CD Properly securedlocked Q Functioning

CD Evidence of leakage at penetration

Remarks

Gas Monitoring Probes

CD Properly securedlocked CD Functioning

CD Evidence of leakage at penetration

Remarks

Monitoring Wells (within surface area of landfill)

CD Properly securedlocked [ID Functioning

1 1 Evidence of leakage at penetration

Remarks

Extraction Wells Leachate

CD Properly securedlocked CD Functioning

1 1 Evidence of leakage at penetration

Remarks

Settlement Monuments Q Located

Remarks

Gas Collection and Treatment CD Applicable

Gas Treatment Facilities

n Passive

CD Routinely sampled

CD Needs Maintenance

CD Routinely sampled

CD Needs Maintenance

bull Routinely sampled

CD Needs Maintenance

CD Routinely sampled

1 1 Needs Maintenance

CD Routinely sureyed

^ N A

1 1 Flaring CD Themial destmclion

CD Good condition CD Needs Maintenance

Remarks

Gas Collection Wells Manifolds and Piping

CD Good condition CD Needs Maintenance

Remarks

Gas Monitoring Facilities (eg gas monitoring o

CD Good condition

DNA

- - bull

CD Good condition

DNA

1 1 Good condition

DNA

CD Good condition

DNA

DNA

CD Collection for reuse

Fadjacent homes or buildings)

CD Good condition CD Needs Maintenance CD NA

Remarks

D-8

F

1

2

G

1

1

3

4

H

1

2

I

1

9

3

Cover Drainage Layer bull Applicable ^ NA

Outlet Pipes Inspected CD Functioning

Remarks

Outlet Rock Inspected CD Functioning

Remarks

DetentionSedimentation Ponds bull Applicable

Siltation Area extent Depth

1 1 Siltation not evident

Remarks

Erosion Area extent Depth

CD Erosion not evident

Remarks

Outlet Works bull Functioning

Remarks

Dam CD Functioning

Remarks

Retaining Walls D Applicable ^ NA

Deformations CD Location shown on site map

Horizontal displacement Vertical di

Rotational displacement

Remarks

Degradation [C Location shown on site map

Remarks

Perimeter DitchesOff-Site Discharge [C Applicable

Siltation CD Location shown on site map

Area extent

Remarks

Vegetative Growth bull Location shown on site map

CD Vegetation does not impede flow

Area extent

Remarks

Erosion bull Location shown on site map

Area extent

Remarks

DNA

DNA

^ N A

DNA

DNA

DNA

J Deformation not evident

splacement

CD Degradation not evident

13 NA

CD Siltation not evident

Depth

DNA

Type

CD Erosion not evident

Depth

D-9

4 Discharge Structure Q Functioning bull NA

Remarks

VIII VERTICAL BARRIER WALLS D Applicable ^ NA

1

2

IX

A

1

2

3

B

1

bull )

3

C

Settlement CD Location shown on site map CD Settlement not evident

Area extent Depth

Remarks

Performance Monitoring Type of monitoring

bull Perfomiance not monitored

Frequency CD Evidence of breaching

Head differential

Remarks

GROUNDWATERSURFACE WATER REMEDIES g] Applicable Q NA

Groundwater Extraction Wells Pumps and Pipelines X Applicable ^ NA

Pumps Wellhead Plumbing and Electrical

CD Good condition CD Ail required wells properly operating CD Needs Maintenance CD NA

Remarks

Extraction System Pipelines Valves Valve Boxes and Other Appurtenances

bull Good condition O Needs Maintenance

Remarks

Spare Parts and Equipment

bull Readily available bull Good condition bull Requires upgrade bull Needs to be provided

Remarks

Surface Water Collection Structures Pumps and Pipelines [72 Applicable ^ NA

Collection Structures Pumps and Electrical

CD Good condition CD Needs Maintenance

Remarks

Surface Water Collection System Pipelines Valves Valve Boxes and Other Appurtenances

CD Good condition CD Needs Maintenance

Remarks

Spare Parts and Equipment

bull Readily available O Good condition Q Requires upgrade bull Needs to be pr vided

Remarks

Treatment System bull Applicable 3 NA

D-10

T

Treatment Train (Check components that apply)

I I Metals removal [72 Oilwater separation [72 Bi remediation

I I Air stripping [Zl Carbon adsorbers

D Filters

I I Additive (eg chelation agent flocculent)

n Others

I I Good condition [7 Needs Maintenance

I I Sampling ports properly marked and fianctional

I I Samplingmaintenance log displayed and up to date

CD Equipment properly identified mdash

I I Quantity of groundwater treated annually

I I Quantity of surface water treated annually

Remarks

Electrical Enclosures and Panels (properly rated and functional)

I I NA [22 Good condition [2 Needs Maintenance

Remarks

3 Tanks Vaults Storage Vessels

I I NA [J] Good condition [] Proper secondary containment [2 Needs Maintenance

Remarks

4 Discharge Structure and Appurtenances

I I NA CD Good condition [72 Needs Maintenance

Remarks

5 Treatment Building(s)

CD NA CD Golt d condition (esp roof and doorways) CD Needs repair

I I Chemicals and equipment properly stored

Remarks

6 Monitoring Wells (pump and treatment remedy)

I I Properly securedlocked [7 Functioning CD Routinely sampled CD Good condition

I I All required wells located CD Needs Maintenance CD NA

Remarks

D Monitoring Data

1 Monitoring Data

3 Is routinely submitted on time ^ Is of acceptable quality

2 Monitoring data suggests

[H Groundwater plume is effectively contained CD Contaminant concentrations are declining

D-

E Monitored Natural Attenuation 1 Monitoring Wells (natural attenuation remedy)

I I Properly securedlocked CD Functioning CD Routinely sampled CD Good condition

CD All required wells located CD Needs Maintenance ^ NA

Remarks X OTHER REMEDIES

If there are remedies applied at the site and not covered above attach an inspection sheet describing the physical nature and condition of any facility associated with the remedy An example would be soil vapor extraction

In September 2009 Helena Chemical Company began a pilot-scale bioremediation treatability study at the Site to test the effectiveness of sulfate reduction and anaerobic xylene degradation to treat residual ground water contamination in the surficial aquifer and the intemiediate aquifer system The pilot study also investigates reductive dechlorination of BHC isomers tlirough addition of facultative anaerobic cultures enhancement of nitrate- iron- and sulfate-reducers and addition of a reduction agent such as zero-valent iron with a pH adjustment The study was scheduled to conclude by the fourth quarter of 2010 and a contingency time of an additional 12 months has been allotted in the treatability study schedule if necessary

XI OVERALL OBSERVATIONS A Implementation of the Remedy

The pesticide source contamination in soil was excavated in 2000 and shipped offsite to an approved disposal facilitv in Louisiana Further soil excavation activities were performed in 2004 and 2005 in order to address sulfiir contamination source areas A pilot study to assess treatability of ground water contamination originating from the fomier sulfur pit area and the former xylene tank area is presently underway Results ofthe study will inform the selection ofthe remedy for ground water at the Site

B Adequacy of OampM A treatability study is presently underway for ground water treatment at the Site OampM activities have yet to commence

Early Indicators of Potential Remedy Problems None

D Opportunities for Optimization None

Site Inspection Team Galo Jackson EPA Region 4 Ed Brister Helena Chemical Conipany Christy Fielden E Inc Sabrina Foster E Inc

D-12

Appendix E Photographs from Site Inspection Visit

Helena Chemical Company office building at the Site

Signs at delivery gate which is secured outside of facility operating hours

E-1

Chemical storage warehouse on site

Fonner sulfur pit area with new chemical warehouse facilities

E-2

Monitoring well in the former sulfiir pit area

Pilot study monitoring wells in the former xylene tank area

E-3

Page 14: Five-Year Review Report Second Five-Year Review Report

Figure I Site Location Map

Helena Chemical Company Superfund Site Tampa HiHsborough County Florida

Disclaimer This map and any boundary lines within the map are approximate and subject to change The map is not a survey The map is for informational purposes only regarding EPAs response actions at the Site and is not intended for any other purpose

13

Figure 2 Detailed Site Map

~ vHak Area Ground Water Plume Site t

h-V -bull

^

KbullVI^tHl

-

4 ^

See Figure 3 _JSCnSt detail

T--

bdquo bdquo ^ bdquo I

1

I C ^ bullbull

Stauffer Chemical Company (Tampa) Site

Zi

Lagand [ __ ftppronmals Boundary at Suf id A q u h i Gtowid VUMCf Plume L ^ BounMry

17 AjipxiitrratD Boundary of inMimodixe Aqutar System Grcurd Matnr Plume ^ Priaiate WWis Found D i ^ r ^ Sts inapecVon

bull lnlBiniediraquoIeA^u-fcrSyilBT MonlaingwVei Incnaed in Monilonnj Program S SurfcalApufcr Mantarng WBK Incliided in Manitomg Prcgran

^ Weimedisie Aquilei Sysle-n Moiatof Kig Well Not lncjltteltlaquo in Monltonng Progiain pound Suifcal Aqullte Montamo Well Not Inoufled n Monilonrraquo8 Pr agiam

Helena Chemical Company Superfund Site Tampa Hillsborough County Florida

y Disclaimer This map and any boundary lines within the map are approximate and subject to change The map is not a survey The map is for informational purposes only regarding EPAs response actions at the Site and is not intended for any other purpose

14

32 Land and Resource Use

The Site has been used for the manufacture storage and distribution of agricultural products since 1929 The original Site owner Flag Sulfur Company fomiulated a wide variety of insecticides herbicides and fungicides including wettable and dusting sulfur at the Site from 1929 until 1967 Helena Chemical Company acquired the business in 1967 and continued manufacturing operations In 1981 Helena Chemical Company

moved the pesticides herbicides and fiingicides fonnulation operafions to a facility in Georgia in 1981 and the Tampa facility has confinued fomiulating and packaging insecticidal spray oil and liquid fertilizers since that time The Site also serves as Helena Chemical Companys main distribution warehouse for sales locations in the State of Florida

The Site consists of four land parcels within a secured Site perimeter fence The largest of these parcels (65 acres) contains the active Helena Chemical Company offices warehouses and distribufion centers as well as associated paved parking areas This parcel (A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000220) is presenfly zoned for light industrial land uses The Planning Commission serving Hillsborough County the City of Plant City the City of Temple Terrace and the City of Tampa anticipates this parcels fijture land use to be heavy industrial The three smaller parcels forming the Helena Woods area are covered by low grassy vegetation and oak trees and also contain several ground water monitoring wells for the Alaric Site located immediately to the north Two ofthe Helena Woods parcels are listed as being vacant and the third is zoned for a mobile home park The Planning Commission anficipates that all three parcels will be zoned for heavy industrial use in the future North 7P Street fomierly crossed the CSX railroad tracks to the south ofthe Site but the road was closed after an accident at the crossing The street now dead ends at the entrance gate to the tmck loading area on the Helena Cheinical Company property and the closed section of street between the entrance gate and the railroad tracks is included within the Site perimeter fencing

Surrounding land uses predominanfly include various light and heavy industrial uses as well as commercial land uses Small pockets of single family residences are located several blocks to the north and to the west ofthe Site Buildings on the Site and throughout the area impacted by site-related ground water contaniination are connected to municipal water supply lines None ofthe ground water wells impacted by contamination fi^om the Site are used for potable water supply

33 History of Contamination

The facility was built in 1929 as a chemical plant for the production of sulfur and was owned and operated by Flag Sulfur Conipany No historical records regarding the specific products formulated during Flag Sulfijr Company operafions are available but previous facility managers indicated that the conipany manufactured wettable and dusting sulfijr and fomiulated pesticides herbicides fungicides and fertilizers at the Site In 1967 Helena Chemical Conipany purchased the facility fi^om Duval Corporation the owner of Flag Sulfur Company From 1967 to 1981 Helena Chemical Conipany produced

15

wettable and dusting sulfur and fomiulated pesticides herbicides fungicides and fertilizers at the Site The company purchased the raw niaterials fi^oiii suppliers and added solvent emulsifiers andor surfactant to give the finished product certain characteristics required for various applications and strengths

Historically most agricultural chemical fonnulation occurred in the East Warehouse building located in the south central portion ofthe main operating facility parcel The fonnulation process for liquid products would consist of mixing a technical chemical with various solvents a surfactant andor emulsifiers in aboveground mixing vessels in the East Warehouse building Various solvents including xylene and an intemiediate range petroleum solvent called T-500 were used as pesticide carriers or diluents These solvents were stored on site in aboveground storage tanks A 3500-galIon capacity aboveground xylene storage tank was historically located in a benned area to the east of the East Warehouse building This tank was vandalized in 1977 causing a release of xylene to the soil and ground water below

In 1974 Helena Cheinical Company began using a three-tank pollution control system to handle the wash-down waste generated from pesticide manufacturing The wash-down waste consisted primarily of pesticides in a xylene carrier It was diluted with other process water and stonnwater treated vvith caustic soda run through an aeration evaporation treatnient system and finally discharged to the on-site stomiwater retention pond Sludges associated with the treatment system were periodically removed and shipped to the Chemical Waste Management Inc facility in Emelle Alabama for appropriate disposal At an undetemiined time between 1984 and 1988 use ofthe three-tank pollution control system was discontinued

According to the 1996 ROD the on-site stomiwater retention pond may have received some overflow waste from the East Warehouse building before the pollution control tanks were installed in 1974 During construction ofthe retention pond soil in the southeastem portion ofthe Site was removed using backhoes and placed in the Helena Woods area While the Helena Woods area was never used for agricultural chemical fonnulation or packaging contaniination in this area is attributed to the dredge niaterials irom the retention pond and to treatinent with pesticides and herbicides during routine maintenance activities

Dry products were formulated in the east end ofthe West Warehouse building just south ofthe loading dock using a Raymond Mill for grinding and a set of ribbon blenders for mixing Helena Chemical Company would then package the finished product for resale Both Flag Sulfur Company and Helena Chemical Conipany manufactured sulfiir dust and wettable sulfur on site Flag Sulfur Companys operations are largely unknown Helena Chemical Companys sulfur processing operations consisted of transporting molten sulfur to the Site and unloading the sulfur in the fonner sulfijr pit area located south ofthe current central paved courtyard between the West and East Warehouse buildings The sulfur was contained in berms for a period of approximately 48 hours until it had solidified Heavy equipment was then used to break the sulfur into pieces for processing through the Raymond Mill

16

34 Initial Response

In 1976 Helena Chemical Company stopped processing sulfijr products The fomier sulfur pit area was excavated and then filled with clean sand In 1980 the fomiulation of dry fertilizers was also discontinued at the facility In 1981 Helena Chemical Company moved the pesticide herbicide and fungicide fonnulation operation to a company facility in Georgia Since 1981 Helena Chemical Company has fomiulated insecficidal petroleum oil (a 70-viscosity paraffin-based oil with an emulsifier additive) and liquid fertilizers at the Site In addition to products produced at the facility numerous agricultural products are stored in the warehouse prior to distribution to Helena Chemical

- Companys Florida sales offices mdash

In 1984 FDEP inspected the Site and required quarterly monitoring ofthe surficial aquifer From 1988 to 1990 EPA investigated the Site and found pesticide contaniination in the on-site soil sediment and surficial aquifer Based on the potential for hunian exposure via ingestion of contaminated ground water EPA proposed the Site for listing on the NPL in Febmary 1992 and finalized the listing in October 1992

The Florida Department of Health and Rehabilitative Services (FHRS the predecessor of FDEP) in cooperation with the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry prepared a public health assessment for the Site in September 1993 In that report FHRS expressed concem for on-site worker contact with contaminated soil and exposure to sediment and ground water FHRS made several recommendations that additional data should be collected Under a September 1992 Consent Order with EPA Helena Cheinical Coinpany perfonned a RIFS at the Site The primary objectives ofthe invesfigation were to detemiine the nature magnitude and extent of contamination evaluate potential risks to human health and the environinent and evaluate potential cleanup altematives Site operations have remained active throughout site investigations and remedial activities

35 Basis for Taking Action

The results ofthe RIFS documented extensive surface soil and sediment contaniination including pesticides semivolatile organic compounds and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) related to fonner operations by Helena Chemical Company and its predecessors The investigations also documented contamination of ground water in the surficial aquifer and intemiediate aquifer systems with chlorinated pesticides polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons phenols and VOCs A human health risk assessment perfonned by Black and Veatch in 1994 concluded that risks to current and future site workers current and future trespassers and potential future Site residents exceeded acceptable risk and hazard thresholds

17

40 Remedial Actions

In accordance with CERCLA and the NCP the ovemiding goals for any remedial action are protecfion of human health and the environment and compliance with applicable or relevant and appropriate requirements (ARARs) A nuinber of remedial altemafives were considered for the Site fmal selection was made based on an evaluafion ofeach altemative against nine evaluation criteria that are specified in Secfion 300430(e)(9)(iii) ofthe NCP The nine criteria include

L Overall Protectiveness of Human Health and the Environment 2 Compliance with ARARs 3 Long-Tenn Effectiveness and Pennanence 4 Reduction of Toxicity Mobility or Volume of Contaminants through Treatment 5 Short-temi Effectiveness 6 Implementability 7 Cost 8 State Acceptance 9 Community Acceptance

41 Remedy Selection

EPA issued the site-wide ROD on May 7 1996 Based on the results ofthe Sites RIFS EPA detennined that remediation of soil sediment and ground water would be required for the protection of huinan health and the environment Remedial action objecfives (RAOs) established in the ROD for the Site include

bull Restore the Site to beneficial use bull Reduce risk to human health within EPAs acceptable risk range (ie total

residual cancer risk between 1 x 10 to 1 x 10 and maximum individual contaminant Hazard Quotient of 1)

bull Reduce ecological risk bull Protect ground water from continued degradation by Site contaminants

The remedy selected in the Sites 1996 ROD consisted ofthe following remedial components for source control in soil and sediment

Implement institutional controls (ie fencing (cumenfiy considered an engineering control) and deed restrictions) Demolish tank fanii pads east ofthe liquid processing building (East Warehouse) and dispose ofthe debris offsite Excavate material from the fonner sulfur pit and dispose of excavated materials offsite Neutralize soil in place if located in areas where sulfur is present but inaccessible Excavate contaminated surface soil and sediment (zero to two feet) where concentrations exceed soil cleanup goals Biologically treat contaminated surface soil and sediment

bull Place treated soil back on site

Major components ofthe ground water remedy selected in the 1996 ROD include

bull Extract contaminated ground water bull Treat contaminated ground water to meet surface water discharge standards bull Discharge treated ground water to on-site ponds or to the Tampa Bypass Canal

under a National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System pemiit bull Place controls on Site to restrict the use of ground water beneath the Site through

the filing of deed notices in order to limit exposure to contaminated ground water until cleanup goals are met

The 1996 ROD selected cleanup goals for contaminants of concem (COCs) in both ground water and surface soil (Table 2) As Site data suggested that sediments with pesticide contamination attributable to the Site were primarily present in drainage ditches that were typically dry remediation of sediment in Site drainage features was to be managed using the surface soil cleanup goals protective of hunian health The 1996 ROD also selected a confingency remedy for Site soil and sediment If treatability studies demonstrated that the selected biological treatinent remedy could not achieve the performance standards listed in Table 2 low temperature themial desorption (LTTD) was to be used in lieu ofthe biological treatnient

Table 2 COCs and Cleanup Goals

bull bull - y y Contaminant of Concern

44-dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (44-DDT) Aldrin Alpha-benzene hexachloride (Alpha-BHC) Beta-benzene hexachloride (Beta-BHC) Gamma-benzene hexachloride (Gamma-BHC) Chlordane Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane (DDD) Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) Dieldrin Endosulfan 1 Endosulfan II Heptachlor Heptachlor epoxide Total xylenes Toxaphene

Ground Water 7 Cleanup Goal

(micrograms per liter ^gL)

03

005

005

01

02

NA NA NA NA 01

7

2 NA NA 20 NA

Surface Soil and Sediment Cleanup Goal

(milligrams per kilogram mgkg)

NA

018

047

NA

NA

23 126 89 89

019 NA NA 067 034 NA 276

NA not applicable

19

In January 2005 EPA issued an Explanation of Significant Differences (ESD) to modify part ofthe remedy described in the 1996 ROD The purpose ofthe ESD was to modify the xylene cleanup goal for ground water from 20 micrograms per liter (|JgL) per the Florida secondary maximum contaminant level (MCL) to 10000 (igL per the State and federal primary MCL Secondary MCLs are non-mandatory standards under the Superfund prograin and are not enforceable by EPA however they are a component of the State of Floridas drinking water statute State and federal primary MCLs are enforceable standards established to protect the public against consumption of drinking water that presents a risk to huinan health The ESD also called for continued monitoring ofthe effecfiveness ofthe xylene treatnient and for evaluation of further remedial actions should the presence of xylene a solvent mobilize residual soil pesticide contaminants into ground water

42 Remedy Implementation

Remedial design and remedial actions for soil sediment and ground water at the Site are being implemented by the Helena Chemical Company under a 1996 Unilateral Administrative Order An additional Consent Decree was filed in 2005 for EPA to recover past and future costs incurred and to require Helena Cheinical Conipany to pay EPA oversight costs at the Site and at a separate Site in South Carolina also owned by Helena Chemical Coinpany

Soil and Sediment Source Control

In 1999 additional grid-based sampling was conducted in the xylene source area (east of the East Warehouse building) to detemiine the boundaries for the soil removal excavation Bench-scale studies were performed by EPAs Ecosystems Research Division and EPAs Science and Ecosystems Support Division to investigate the effectiveness of incorporating zero-valent iron in soil to facilitate abiotic degradation of chlorinated pesticides These studies were implemented in 1999 but were tenninated early due to lack of measurable COC degradation Helena Chemical Company then explored the option of using the Xenorein bioremediation process which had been successfijlly implemented on the adjacent Stauffer Chemical Co (Tampa) Superfund site The extent of contamination prevented direct application ofthe Xenorem approach at the Site Helena Chemical Conipany learned however that an off-site disposal facility the Waste Management Inc hazardous waste treatment facility in Carlyss Louisiana (facility nuniber LAD0007772010P1) had been authorized to bioremediate wastes in July 1998 and could potentially accept the excavated Site materials for bioremediafion at the off-site facility EPA approved the change from on-site to off-site treatinent and disposal of contaminated soil and sediment in a letter dated Febmary 14 2000

The 1996 ROD had also stipulated LTTD as a contingency soil treatment should biological treatinent be ineffective EPA requested this contingency be explored in 1999 Helena Chemical Coinpany retained Focus Environmental Inc to perfonn the evaluation ofthe contingency treatinent The evaluation concluded that LTTD was not a practical remedy for the Site primarily due to concems related to elevated sulfijr concentrations in

20

soil which would require air pollution controls to remove acid gas generated by the treatnient as well as space limitations on the Site which would not pemiit an efficient layout and operafion ofthe treatment and material handling units

In 2000 Helena Chemical Conipany excavated 7700 tons of pesticide-contaminated soil fi-om the Site including the xylene source area and an additional 600 tons of pesticide-contaminated soil and sediment from the drainage ditch area along the CSX railway right-of-way just south ofthe Site Soil was transported to the Waste Manageinent Inc facility in Carlyss Louisiana for bioremediation andoff-site disposal Surface soils were excavated to a depth of two feet According to the 1996 ROD the water table in the area fluctuates between two and four feet bgs Therefore the excavation of surface soils to two feet bgs would address soil contaminafion above the water table but not contaniination existing below the water table The excavation areas were lined with an --indicator fabric prior to backfilling the areas with clean inaterials and seeded with grass where appropriate

Delineation activifies to detemiine the extent of sulfur contaniination in the fonner sulfur pit area were perfonned from 2001 through 2003 and remedial work was perfomied in two separate phases A metal building covering much ofthe area where sulfijr remedial work was to be perfonned was dismanfled and transported offsite for recycling During phase 1 remedial work performed in 2004 soil and concrete were excavated from the elevated loading dock area and the west side ofthe tank fann for off-site treatinent and disposal During phase II remedial work perfonned in 2005 soil and concrete were excavated from the northem tank fann and fonner warehouse boundaries Approximately 3000 tons of soil and crystallized (fomierly molten) sulfur were removed during the 2004 and 2005 removal activities and also shipped to the Waste Management Inc facility in Carlyss Louisiana for off-site disposal

The 2005 ESD changed the xylene ground water cleanup goal from 20 |JgL to 10000 ^gL Since the presence of xylene in ground water could mobilize residual pesticide contamination in soil into ground water the ESD included post-treatment monitoring of the xylene area This monitoring includes all COCs established in the 1996 ROD and a specific assessment of whether the remaining xylene concentrations are sufficiently low to ensure that cosolvency is not facilitating the transport of residual pesticides that might be lingering in the soil If cosolvency is found to be mobilizing residual pesticide contaminants fi-om soil to ground water this assessment will be used to detennine whether further active treatment of xylene to below the federal and state primary standard is necessary

Ground Water

The ground water remedy described in the 1996 ROD has not yet been implemented at the Site due to discovery of contaminafion and investigations at the adjacent Alaric Site and concems that the selected remedy would potentially cause further contaminafion of the aquifer systems Altemative ground water treatments are currently being investigated in the pilot-scale treatability study underway at the Site Supplemental data collection and

21

ground water plume delineafion studies began in 1998 Ground water sampling perfonned in existing surficial aquifer and intemiediate aquifer system monitoring wells in Febmary 1998 resulted in the installation of additional surficial aquifer wells south of the Site to further delineate the nature and extent of contaniination The results ofthis study also detemiined the need for further investigation of ground water contamination in the xylene area (location of 1977 release immediately east ofthe East Warehouse on the Site Figure 3) in the sulfijr area (locafion ofthe fonner sulfiir pit in central courtyard on the Site Figure 3) and in the intemiediate aquifer system

Field activities to address the recommendations ofthe Febmary 1998 investigation were implemented in April 2001 Eight additional monitoring wells (MW-24 through MW-31 Figure 2) were installed south and east ofthe Site on City of Tampa rights-of-way to monitor the extent of contamination in the surficial aquifer Contamination was also identified in shallow areas ofthe intermediate aquifer system Ground water sampling and supplemental field activities were perfonned from October 2002 through January 2003 These activities included intennediate aquifer invesfigations xylene source area invesfigations downgradient surficial aquifer monitoring well installation and sulfur area invesfigations Additional intermediate aquifer system monitoring wells (MW-32 and MW-33 Figure 2) were installed along Orient Road during a November 2002 comprehensive ground water sampling event The new wells were installed to provide intemiediate monitoring points for xylene pesficide and herbicide contamination

While the 2002 and 2003 field acfivities were being perfonned significant chlorinated solvent contamination from the adjacent Alaric Site was discovered in both the surficial aquifer and intennediate aquifer systems this contamination was commingling with the westem portion ofthe Sites ground water plume The implementation ofthe ground water pump-and-treat remedy selected for the Site had the potential to exacerbate contaminant plume migration from the Alaric Site For this reason EPA detennined that implementation ofthe pump-and-treat remedy for the Site should be delayed until delineation and remediation ofthe surficial aquifer at the Alaric Site is completed

Additional comprehensive ground water sampling events were perfonned in May 2005 to provide a baseline for water quality following complefion ofthe sulfur area removal acfions and in December 2006 to detennine current condifions across the monitoring well network Selected wells were also sampled in March August and November 2007 and January 2008 to gauge the overall effectiveness ofthe sulfur area removal in addressing source contaminafion ofthe surficial aquifer Given the probability that the selected pump-and-treat remedy for ground water at the Site would be incompatible with ground water treatnient activities being designed at the adjacent Alaric Site several altemafive management approaches to address ground water contamination in the sulfur area and associated plume were explored

In June 2009 Helena Chemical Conipany presented EPA with a Pilot Test and Interim Monitoring Work Plan to address ground water contamination without implementing the pump-and-treat remedy EPA approved the Work Plan in August 2009 and implementation began in August 2009 The pilot study is expected to last for one year

22

with an additional one-year contingency period The work plan addresses four critical areas of source control and monitoring the sulfur area the xylene area supplemental monitoring efforts and interim ground water monitoring activities while pilot testing is underway

Sulfijr Area Pilot Study

The pilot study objecfive in the sulfijr area is to detennine whether buffering pH and introducing zero-valent iron will allow natural degradation of benzene hexachloride (BHC) and sulfates in the source area through biological or physical mechanisms Low pH elevated sulfate and residual sulfiir in the sulfur area are thought to be inhibiting natural biological degradation processes and minimizing the physical attenuafion of contaminants within the aquifer-matrix which would typically occur through adsorpfion-and aqueous chemical reactions such as hydrolysis Given the residual sulfur in the soil which continues to act as a long-term source for sulfuric acid sulfate control was required in addition to pH controls Zero-valent iron was selected as the primary pilot study treatment technology for the sulfur area because it has been used effectively to facilitate abiofic degradation of BHCs is effecfive at moderating pH and acts as an oxygen scavenger limiting any future oxidafion of residual sulfur in the soil Additional neutralization with lime andor hydroxides and biological sulfate reduction may also be utilized to control pH levels if necessary

Two sulfur study areas known as the East Plot and the West Plot have been implemented in the central courtyard ofthe Site on either side ofthe fomier sulfur pit location (Figure 3) Each plot consists of eight injection wells Cheinical injections were administered in the third quarter of 2009 and sampling is being conducted at 60-day interals for the 360 days following the injections

Xylene Area Pilot Study

The xylene pilot test was designed to gauge the effectiveness of anaerobic biodegradatlon in degrading xylene and residual BHCs Total xylene concentrafions have declined since the 2000 soil removal action in the former xylene tank area but have remained above cleanup goals Site conditions such as low pH lack of nutrients and lack of electron accepting substrates (eg nitrate iron and sulfate) were thought to be limiting xylene and BHC degradadon The pilot test also sought to increase degradation rates without introducing treatments that would complicate efforts in the adjacent sulfijr pilot study bull area so the xylene treatinent was designed in consideration ofthe existing anaerobic Site conditions

One xylene pilot study area was implemented in the fonner xylene tank area (Figure 3) The plot includes six injection wells and 12 monitoring wells The first round of nutrient and electron acceptor substrate injections was perfonned in the third quarter of 2009 and the second round of injections was perfomied in the fourth quarter of 2009 As with the sulfijr pilot study area sampling is being conducted at 60-day intervals for the 360 days following the first round of injections

23

Monitoring Acfivities

Supplemental monitoring efforts in the work plan include installation of monitoring wells on the Fesfive Floats property located directly south ofthe Site on the opposite side of the CSX railway tracks and addifional investigation to detemiine the northem extent of low pH and elevated sulfate and BHC concentrations Until a revised ground water remedy is selected for the Site interini ground water monitoring activities in both the surficial and intermediate aquifer systems will include sampling every nine months to assess seasonal variability in concentrations and monitor for any changes in COC concentrations

24

Figure 3 Map of Pilot Study Area

r

SWTBD

swTZD s w n u

StfT-HD A I ^ raquoswr3u SWTU

swrsu

West Warehouse

SETTO SET1U

SET3U SETD A y A J

I SETSD

sensD raquo SETsu

5ET7U

X40

XI6D

^^xth 7 -^ ^IZD-- ^

_ X S U X8D B^=^X12tJ bull bull X l fU

X8U xi f lD

Legend

bull Surflclat Adulter Sulfur Arlaquoa P M Test Wall

Surlicii i AquHler Xylene Area Ptky Test Ir^ctnsn MHI

bull Suifidal Aquilei Xylene Area Pikx Tesl Monilming Well

I Sile Bounoaiv J Fee 90 too

L 7WL o NORTH

Figure 3 Site Map

Pilot Study Areas

Helena Chemical Company Superfund Site Tampa Hillsborough County Flonda

Disclaimer This map and any boundary lines within the map are approximate and subject to change The map is not a survey The map is for informational purposes only regarding EPAs response actions at the Site and is not intended for any other purpose

25

43 Operation and Maintenance (OampM)

The 1996 ROD anticipated that the ground water pump-and-treat system would be operated at the Site for a 30-year period and estimated that OampM ofthe system would cost $1289000 over the course ofthe 30 years The ground water remedy selected in the 1996 ROD has not yet been implemented due to developments at the adjacent Alaric Site and ongoing pilot testing at the Site As remedial activities continue with pilot testing there are no OampM acfivities undei-way at the Site and the activities to be addressed in a site OampM plan will depend on the future revised remedy for ground water for the Site

26

50 Progress Since the Last Five-Year Review

The protectiveness statement from the 2006 FYR for the Site stated the following

77^ remedy implemenled at the [Helena Chemical Company Tampa Site currently protects human health and the environment because source area actions implemented for pesticide-contaminated soil and the sulfur pit source area have been completed during this review period Additional evaluations of low pH conditions will be performed to assess the need for supplemental neutralization in conjunction with future groundwater actions No remedial actions for groundwater have been implemented at this time Site data evaluations and remedy evaluations will ensure the remedy will be protective In the interim exposure pathways that could result in unacceptable risks are incomplete Conditions-at the site are not expected to change in the near future given the area s land use (commercialindustrial) However in order for the remedy to be protective in the long term the following actions need to be taken a full evaluation ofthe need for deed reslriclions and if necessary they will be imposed

The 2006 FYR included three issues and recommendafions Table 3 summarizes each recommendation and its current status

Table 3 Progress on Recommendations from the 2006 FYR

Section

51

Recommendations

EPA FDEP and Helena Chemical Company will discuss ground water remedy issues including the need for fijrther assessment of natural attenuation processes Dialogue will generate a priority list for evaluation identify evaluation teclmiques and establish an evaluation timetable Ground water remedy discussions will be initiated by the second quarter of 2006

Parties Responsible

EPA FDEP Helena

Chemical Company

Milestone Date

4302006

Action Taken and Ontcome

Discussions between EPA FDEP and Helena Chemical Company have resulted in the development of a pilot testing work plan to explore treatment options for enliancing biological and physical degradation processes This pilot study was initiated in August 2009

Date of Action

08312009

27

Section

52

53

Recommendations

EPA FDEP and Helena Chemical Company will evaluate ylene source area issues Discussions will include prioritization of any additional RD activities evaluation of remedial cleanup goals etc Xylene remedy discussions will be initiated by the first quarter of 2006

Helena Chemical Company will evaluate the requirements for implementing deed restrictions on the property and whether any remedy-specific requirements must be incorporated into the institutional control A fiill evaluation ofthe need for deed restrictions will be made and if necessary they will be imposed This evaluation will be completed by the fourth quarter of 2006

Parties Responsible

EPA FDEP Helena

Chemical Company

Helena Chemical Company

Milestone Date

4302006

12312006

Action Taken and Outcome-

Pilot test program discussions between EPA FDEP and Helena Chemical Company have resulted in the development of a work plan to explore effectiveness of anaerobic degradation of xylene and BHCs This pilot study was initiated in August 2009

EPA and FDEP are is discussions regarding the restrictive covenant for the Sites soil in order to prevent exposure Land use zoning is consistent vvith soil cleanup criteria and land use is not anticipated to change in the foreseeable future Ground water institutional controls are enforced through an EPA Memorandum of Agreement with the Southwest Florida Water Management District

Date of Action

08312009

Pending

51 Ground Water Remedy Discussions

The ground water pump-and-treat remedy selected in the 1996 ROD has not been implemented due to potential complications arising from commingling ofthe Sites ground water contaminants with those from the adjacent Alaric Site A Pilot Study and Interini Monitoring Work Plan was approved by EPA and implementation began in August 2009 The Work Plan describes the investigafion of chemical injecfions to enhance and facilitate natural physical and biological degradation rates for contaminants in the sulfiir area and in the xylene area The study is designed to assess the following questions

bull Is degradation occurring under pilot conditions

bull Can aquifer geochemistry be adjusted to facilitate remediafion

bull What is the longevity of amendments being injected

28

bull What zone of discharge is developed following injection and what is the expected duration ofthe zone of discharge

The study was scheduled to continue for 12 months with a contingency period of another 12 months if necessary At the conclusion ofthe study these questions will be addressed to detennine next steps in selecting an appropriate ground water remedy for the Site A final report documenting the effecfiveness ofthe first full year ofthe treatability study was not available at the fime this FYR report was drafted therefore a decision regarding whether to implement the additional 12 month contingency period had also not been made

52 Xylene Source Area Discussions

As noted in Section 51 EPA approved the Pilot Study and Interini Monitoring Work Plan in 2009 Per the Work Plan two rounds of nutrient and electron acceptor substrate were injected in the xylene area in late 2009 The injections are expected to enhance natural degradafion rates of xylene and BHCs sampling is being conducted every 60 days The study was scheduled to continue for 12 months with a contingency period of another 12 months if necessary A final report documenting the effectiveness ofthe first full year ofthe treatability study was not available at the time this FYR report was drafted therefore a decision regarding whether to implement the additional 12 month contingency period had also not been made

53 Institutional Controls Evaluation

At the request of FDEP the appropriate land use restrictions for the Site has not been yet been implemented While the ground water remedy is being assessed some interim institutional controls to protect against exposure to ground water contamination have been implemented The Site is presently surrounded by a secured perimeter fence that only pennits access to the property by authorized persons during regular business hours Helena Chemical Company intends to continue Site operations for the foreseeable future and does not intend to sell or lease the property so there is minimal potential for a party to unknowingly become exposed to Site soil or sediment contaniination or to impact the protectiveness ofthe remedial actions already in place The operating facility parcel is zoned light industrial the three Helena Woods parcels are zoned as either vacant land or as a mobile home park The local Planning Commission anticipates all four parcels will be zoned for heavy industrial use in the future which remains consistent with the industrial criteria used in selection of cleanup goals for the Site

EPA has also taken steps to limit the potential for exposure to contaminated Site ground water while ground water treatment pilot testing activities are completed In September 2008 EPA Region 4 and the Southwest Florida Water Management District (SWFWMD) entered into a Memorandum of Agreement regarding Site ground water Per the agreement EPA provides SWFWMD with infonnation regarding the area of ground water impacted or potentially impacted by the Site and SWFWMD acts as the regulatory authority to implement and enforce ground water use restrictions at and near

29

the Site The ground water area impacted by the Site is designated as Zone A marking the contamination zone and Zone B marking a buffer area surrounding Zone A The agreement stipulates that EPA must conduct a well survey of Zones A and B at least once every five years to identify any new wells constructed or operafing since the previous survey EPA remedial project manager (RPM) Galo Jackson conducted the first well survey concurrenfiy with the FYR Site inspection and identified two wells (Figure 2) One well was located along East 9 Avenue on the EQ Florida property in Zone A The second well was located along East 7 Avenue on the RampL Metals property in Zone B SWFWMD was notified of these wells in September 2010 The well in Zone A is currenUypemiitted for industrial use by EQ Florida and the well in Zone B has been plugged and abandoned on the RampL Metals property

SWFWMD has the authority to impose reasonable condifions necessary to protect the applicable water source and to prevent the spread of ground or surface water contaminafion For well construcfion pennits such conditions include prohibiting use of the well as a potable water supply requiring notice to well owners of potential ground water contamination or requiring specific methods ofconstruction Under Florida Administrafive Code (FAC) Rule 40D-3505(3) SWFWMD will deny an application for a well construction pemiit for activity in Zone A if use ofthe well would increase the potential for hanii to public health safety and welfareor if the proposed well would degrade the water quality ofthe aquifer by causing pollutants to spread

30

60 Five-Year Review Process

61 Administrative Components

EPA Region 4 initiated the FYR in May 2010 and scheduled its completion for January 2011 The EPA site review team was led by EPA RPM Galo Jackson and also included EPA site attomey Kevin Beswick EPA Community Involvement Coordinator (CIC) LTonya Spencer and contractor support provided to EPA by Christy Fielden and Sabrina Foster of E Inc In May 2010 EPA held a scoping call with the review team to discuss the Site and itenis of interest as they related to the protectiveness ofthe remedy cunently in place A review schedule was established that consisted ofthe following activities

Community notification Document review Data collection and review Site inspection Local interviews FYR Report development and review

62 Community Involvement

In January 2011 a public notice was published in the Tampa Tribune announcing the commencement ofthe FYR process for the Site providing contact information for RPM Galo Jackson and CIC LTonya Spencer and invifing community participation was published The press notice is available in Appendix B The FYR report will be made available to the public once it has been finalized Copies ofthis docunient will be placed in the designated site repository University of South Florida Library located at 4202 East Fowler Avenue Tampa Florida 33620 Upon completion ofthe FYR a public notice will be placed in the Tampa Tribune to announce the availability ofthe final FYR report in the Sites document repository

63 Document Review

This FYR included a review of relevant site-related documents including the ROD remedial action reports and recent monitoring data A complete list ofthe documents reviewed can be found in Appendix A

ARARs Review

Section 121(d)(2)(A) of CERCLA specifies that Superfund remedial actions must meet any federal standards requirements criteria or limitations that are detennined to be applicable or relevant and appropriate requirements (ARARs) ARARs are those standards criteria or limitations promulgated under federal or state law that specifically address a hazardous substance pollutant contaminant remedial action locafion or other circumstance at a CERCLA site To-Be-Considered criteria (TBCs) are non-promulgated

31

advisories and guidance that are not legally binding but should be considered in detennining the necessary level of cleanup for protection of human health or the environment While TBCs do not have the status of ARARs EPAs approach to detemiining ifan RA is protective of hunian health and the environment involves consideration of TBCs along with ARARs

Chemical-specific ARARs are specific numerical concentration restrictions on individually listed contaminants in specific media Examples of chemical-specific ARARs include the MCLs specified under the Safe Drinking Water Act as well as the ambient water quality criteria enumerated under the Clean Water Act Because there are usually numerous contaminants of potential concem for any Site various numerical quanfity requirements can be ARARs The final remedy selected for this Site was designed to meet or exceed all chemical-specific ARARs and meet location- and action-specific ARARs

Ground Water

According to the 1996 ROD cleanup goals for the nine ground water COCs were selected to ensure that remaining ground water concentrations would not exceed the 1 x 10~ risk level for carcinogens a Hazard Quotient (HQ) of 1 for non-carcinogens under an industrial land use scenario The cleanup goals for 44-DDT endosulfan 1 and endosulfan II were selected based on health-based criteria The site-specific health-based cleanup goal for 44-DDT was less stringent than Floridas ground water guidance and the ROD notes that the cleanup goal may need to be revisited in the future to obtain FDEPs agreement with deletion ofthe Site from the NPL upon completion of cleanup activities

Cleanup goals for aldrin alpha-BHC beta-BHC and dieldrin were based on the Florida Groundwater Guidance Concentration which is a TBC for the Site The cleanup goal for total xylene listed in the 1996 ROD was selected based on the State secondary MCL but was later modified in the 2005 ESD to be consistent with federal and State primary MCLs The cleanup goal for gamma-BHC was selected based on federal and State MCLs

The ARARs for aldrin alpha-BHC beta-BHC and dieldrin were compared to the current Florida Groundwater and Surface Water Contaminant Cleanup Target Levels (62 FAC 777) which is the cuirent State guidance on acceptable ground water contaminant concentrations (Table 4) The ARARs for all four of these COCs have become more stringent since the signing ofthe 1996 ROD The cleanup goals for gamma-BHC and total xylene were compared with National Primary Drinking Water regulations (40 CFR 141-143) and FDEP Drinking Water Standards Monitoring and Reporting Requirements (62 FAC 550310) The cleanup goals for gamma-BHC and total xylene remain the same as in the 1996 ROD and 2005 ESD respectively This review did not find that the assumptions used in calculation ofthe site-specific health-based cleanup goals for 44-DDT endosulfan I and endosulfan II had changed

32

Table 4 Previous and 2010 ARARs for Ground Water COCs

Contaminant of Concern bull bull bull bull ^ - gt J j J bull

44-DDT Aldrin Alpha-BHC Beta-BHC Gamma-BHC Dieldrin Endosulfan I Endosulfan II Total xvlenes

1996 ROD ARAROigL)

03 005 005 01 02 01 2 2

20

2005 ESD ARAR (ugL) r

mdash -mdash mdash mdash mdash mdash mdash

10000

2010 ARAR (UgL)

03 0002 0006 002 02-

0002= 2 7

10000

ARAR Change y - y bull

None More Stringent More Stringent More Stringent

None More Stringent

None None None

a Site-specific health-based standaid selecled to ensure tlial remaining ground waler concenirations would nol exceed lhe 1 x 10 risk level for carcinogens an HQ of 1 Ior non-carcinogens or the inslRimenl quantitation limit under an industrial land use scenaiio

b Cleanup goal selecled based on Florida Groundwater Guidance Concenlralion which is a TBC for ihc Sile c Cleanup goal selecled based on federal and Florida MCLs d Cleanup goal selected based on Florida secondary MCLs e Florida Groundwater and Surface Waler Cleanup Target Levels are available al

lmpAvwwdepslatenuswasicqiiick ionicsrulcsdocunieiils62-777TablelGroundwalciCTLs4-l 7-05ndllaccessed 8122010) A comparison of Floridas 1999 and 2005 Groundwater and Surface Waler Cleanup Target Levels is available al hllpu-vvvvdenslatenuswaslequick lopicsnublicalionswcbrownlicldsConipTabiesGroundwalerandSurli ccVValerCieaniipTartJelL evelspdf

f Cunent MCLs are based on federal (40 CFR 141-1431 and slate (62 FAC 550310) drinking waler slandards Federal standards are based on Nalional Primary and Secondaiy Drinking Waler Maximum Contaminant Levels (IU(p7valcrcpacovdrinkconlaininanlsindexcrniSLisi accessed S122010) and slale standards are based on Florida Slale Drinking Waler Synthetic Organic Conlajuinanls and their Slandards (hU|iwwwdcpslalciluswalerdrinkinswalersvn conlum accessed S122010)

g Gamma-BHC is lisied as lindane in federal and state MCLs

64 Data Review

Confinnatory sampling for the 2000 pesticide area removal action and for the 2004 and 2005 sulfijr area removal actions was perfonned immediately following the removals Surface soil and sediment with COC concentrations above industrial use cleanup goals had been effectively removed and no further sampling or OampM activities are required for surface soil and sediment

Ground water pilot test activities cunently underway include baseline sampling and four subsequent sampling events for the sulfur area (Table 5) and the xylene area (Table 6) The treatability study sampling events have been implemented as follows

Baseline sampling in August 2009 60-Day Event sampling in November 2009 120-Day Event sampling in January 2010 180-Day Event sampling in March 2010 and 240-Day Event sampling in May 2010

The pilot test is invesfigating methods for the biological and physical degradation of Site contaminants Follow-up sampling analyzes various aqueous geochemical parameters in addition to contaminant concentrations Per the EPA-approved work plan routine sampling analyses include four of the nine ground water COCs alpha-BHC beta-BHC

33

gamma-BHC and total xylenes in addition to various other contaminants and break-down products

In both the sulfur area and the xylene area ground water concentrations of alpha-BHC beta-BHC and gamma-BHC have predominantly remained consistent with baseline sampling levels and largely remain elevated above cleanup goals for the Site In the sulfur area total xylene concentrations in ground water when detected are well below the cleanup goal of 10000 igL The xylene release at the Site occurred downgradient from the fomier sulfur pit and these low concentrations of xylene are consistent with expectations for this area In the xylene area total xylene concentrations are responding to the treatment showing declines below the cleanup goal in several wells (eg X3U X5U X9U and XI IU) but showing increasing concentrations in other wells (eg X6D X7U and X8D) Only data fromthe first nine months ofthe treatability study were mdash available at the time this FYR report was being drafted detennination ofthe effectiveness of these treatments must wait until the study has been completed

Ofthe site-related VOCs present in the ground water plume only xylene and possibly ethylbenzene are present in the surficial aquifer and poses a potential vapor intrusion concem Remedial contractor EnSafe Inc included an updated total xylene plume map as Figure 5-5 in the 2009 Pilot Test and Interim Monitoring Work Plan This figure shows that concentrations at or above the xylene ground vater cleanup goal are located on the Helena Chemical Conipany property along the CSX Railroad right-of-way or under the railroad tracks The few buildings within this plume area are open-sided warehouse structures on the Helena Chemical Company property and thus a vapor intmsion assessment has not been necessary

Table 5 Sulfur Area Pilot Test COC Detections in Ground Water to Date

Well Sampled

Sampling Event

(Cleanup Goal)

COCs and Detected Concentrations (pgL)

Alpha-BHC

(005 pgL)

Beta-BHC -yy (01 pgL)

Gamma-BHC

(02 pgL)

Total Xylenes

(10000 pgL)

Ecw Plot Wells

SETIU

SET2D

SET3U

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

23 D

31

17

19

24

44 D

39

26

26

38

22

19

33 J

36 1

4

25

29

12 D

045

056

059

086

3

41

43 J

68

42

57

52

11 D

066

044

047

07

55

39 1

191

NA

0461

NA

31

U

NA

033 I

NA

082

58

NA

34

J y -Well

Sampled

SET4D

SET5U

SET6D

SET7U

SET8D

Sampling Event

(Cleanup Goal)

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

1 so-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

y y j COCs and Detected Concentrations (pgL)

Alpha-BHC

(005 pgL)

17

17

28

41 D

62

37

3

37

21 D

bull 17

13

26

34

97 D

46

44

28

63

12

14

11

11

14

47

36

32

39

47

Beta-BHC

(OI pgL)

33

21

3

061 J

15

094

0461

- 068

36

41

47

4

61

12

12

095

078 1

075

13

16 1

13

15

15

087

073

064

08 1

076

Gamma-BHC

(02 pgL)

44

341

57

074 J

087

12

046 1

- - 052

39

37 1

31

51

48

11

082 1

05

04 1

043

32

27

28

23

28

1

14

11

1 I

095

Total Xylenes

(10000 pgL)

86

NA

7

171

NA

11 1

NA

036

64

NA

3

NA

39

25

NA

76

NA

56

21

NA

35

NA

15

U

NA

33

NA

17

laquocv Plot Wells

SWTIU

SWT2D

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

1 so-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

19 IJ

099

14

13

22

048 J

U

U

0031

063 J

053

052

06

075

023 J

U

U

014

U

032

038

03

059

U

U

U

000941

U

NA

U

NA

U

0441

NA

07 1

NA

35

Well Sampled

SWT3U

SWT4D

SWT5U

SWT6D

SWT7U

SWT8D

-bull i

Sampling Event

(Cleanup Goal)

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

COCs and Detected Concentrations (pgL)

Alpha-BHC

(005 pgL)

U

075 J

18

13

14

22

073

018 --

U

U

U

51

U

16

41

18

037 J

073

056

057

061

039

029

045

059

073

028

02

015

016

011

Beta-BHC

(01 pgL)

U

021

079

035

033

047

036

- 0094

U

U

U

26

23

093

022 1

036

029 1

033

022

U

026

03

039

047

057

051

U

013

011

U

0056

Gamtiia-BHC

(02 pgL)

U

u 029

0084

019

022

U

012

011

012

U

24

24

08

052

U

U

0031 I

U

U

U

U

U

u u u u

00171

002 I J

U

U

Total Xylenes

(10000 pgL)

U n

NA

U

NA

069

U

NA

U

NA

U

72

NA

73

NA

60

36

NA

U

NA

U

U

NA

U

NA

U

92

NA

U

NA

U

D value reported from second diluiion 1 eslimaled valuebelow reporting limil J eslimaled value NA nol analyzed U undetected fitilic- COC was detected bul concentration was below cleanup goal

36

Table 6 Xylene Area Pilot Test COC Detections in Ground Water to Date

yy-

J j Well Sampled

XIU

X2D

X3U

X4D

X5U

X6D

X7U

Sampling Event

(Cleanup Goal)

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

_Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

COCs and Detected Concentrations (pgL)

Alpha-BHC

(005 pgL)

8 D

NA

NA

56

NA

71

NA

NA

58 J

NA

15D

NA

NA

15

NA

12D

NA

NA

23

NA

78 D

NA

NA

44 J

NA

52 D

NA

NA

28 J

NA

61 D

NA

NA

46

NA

Beta-BHC

(01 pgL)

19 D

NA

NA

13 J

NA

17

NA

NA

17J

NA

3 J

NA

NA

36

NA

13J

NA

NA

13 1

NA

093 ID

NA

NA

08 J

NA

091 ID

NA

NA

07 J

NA

12D

NA

NA

089

NA

Gamma-BHC

(02 pgL)

U

NA

NA

U

NA

071 I

NA

NA

14 J

NA

046 J

NA

NA

bull056

NA

42 J

NA

NA

82

NA

U

NA

NA

O I J

NA

38 D

NA

NA

2 J

NA

U

NA

NA

U

NA

Total Xylene

(10000 pgL)

200

13

11

23

29

180

56

54

150

42

23000

11000

13000

1400

4500

19000

12000

19000

22000

15000

18000

21000

20000

3200

13000

3000

1100

6000

40000

3000

24000

31000

37000

81000

34000

37

Well Sampled

X8D

X9U

bull XIOD

X l l U

X12D

Sampling Event

(Cleanup Goal)

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

COCs and Detected Concentrations (pgL)

Alpha-BHC

(005 pgL)

57

NA

NA

21 J

NA

39

NA

NA

53

NA

43

NA

NA

59

NA

81

NA

NA

49

NA

39

NA

NA

56

NA

Beta-BHC

(01 pgL)

14

NA

NA

018 U

NA

021 I

NA

NA

026 J

NA

049

NA

NA

061 I

NA

097

NA

NA

075 1

NA

064 1

NA

NA

093 ID

NA

Gamma-BHC

(02 pgL)

12

NA

NA

057 U

NA

025 1

NA

NA

017 J

NA

45

NA

NA

7

NA

U

NA

NA

U

NA

16

NA

NA

34

NA

Total Xylene

(10000 pgL)

960

7100

27000

19000

5700

22000

14000

35000

2700

950

770

260

780

760

540

14000

3800

1600

600

11000

4900

250

I I00

5800

9300 D value reponed from second dilution 1 eslimaled value below reponing limit J estimated value NA nol analyzed U not applicable Ilalics COC was delecled bul concenlralion was below cleanup goal

38

65 Site Inspection

On July 8 2010 the site inspection was perfomied by the following participants Galo Jackson of EPA Region 4 Edward Brister ofthe Helena Chemical Coinpany and Christy Fielden and Sabrina Foster of E~ Inc The completed Site inspection checklist is available in Appendix D Photographs were taken of site features including monitoring wells and access controls (Appendix E)

The Site has been in continuous operation since 1929 as an agricultural chemical manufacturing and distributing facility The bulk of chemical fonnulation activifies have been moved off-site to a different Helena Cheinical Coinpany facility in Georgia however some formulation and packaging of insecticidal spray oil and liquid fertilizers still occur at the Site The Site also serves as Helena Chemical Companys main-distribution warehouse for sales locations in the State of Florida

The Site inspection was led by Mr Ed Brister the Engineering Safety Health and Environment Director for the Helena Chemical Company who provided a tour ofthe full Helena Chemical Coinpany property indicating where remedial actions had been implemented and explaining the locations and associated activifies of current pilot testing for the ground water treatability study Several monitoring and injection wells were located during the Site inspection all active site wells were properly secured or had been appropriately abandoned Injection and monitoring wells for the adjacent Alaric Site were noted on the Helena Woods area ofthe Site but were not inspected since they are related to a different site The Site is well maintained and has a secure perimeter fence and clear signage in place Unauthorized persons are restricted from accessing the property outside of regular business hours

Evaluation and implementafion of institutional controls were discussed during the Site inspection Several interim institutional controls have been implemented for the Site and final institutional controls including land use restrictions will be evaluated and implemented if necessary once the current pilot-scale ground water remedy treatability study has concluded and a revised ground water remedy has been selected Zoning designations and the Helena Chemical Companys intention to continue operations at the Site for the foreseeable future liniit the potential for inappropriate land uses or on-site operations incompatible with remedy components in place EPA has also implemented ground water institutional controls through a Memorandum of Agreement with SWFWMD

On July 7 2010 E Inc staff conducted research regarding Site deed infonnation at the Hillsborough County Deed Records Office The approximately eight-acre Site is situated on four parcels of land 1) 65-acre Parcel A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000220 2) 088-acre Parcel A-14-29-I9-4CA-000000-000320 3) 092-acre Parcel A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000330 and 4) 017-acre Parcel A-14-29-19-4CE-000003-000010 (Figure 4) Deed records for the four parcels could not be located in the online database or microfilm collection at the deeds office Galo Jackson EPA RPM for the Site was infonned that the deeds could not be located and conducted a title search for the property through EPA

39

databases but was also unable to locate deed records According to the Hillsborough County Property Appraisers Office all four parcels are presently owned by Helena Chemical Company The active cheinical distribufion warehouse is located on Parcel A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000220

On July 8 2010 E Inc staff visited the designated local Site repository at the University of South Florida Library located at 4202 East Fowler Avenue Tampa Florida 33620 as part ofthe site inspection The site repository contained fourteen volumes of administrative documents and other infonnation pertaining to the Site This infomiation included documentation ofthe initial remedial investigation and feasibility study as well as a copy ofthe 1996 ROD The 2005 ESD and 2006 FYR could not be located at the time ofthe Site inspection but were provided to the library by RPM Galo Jackson on January 212011

The 1996 ROD called for institutional controls to be put in place as part of both the soil and sediment remedy and the ground water remedy (Table 7) According to the ROD soil and sediment institutional controls were to include deed restrictions Fencing was to provide an engineering control The Site is presently surrounded by a secured perimeter fence and access gates are locked outside of nonnal business hours The operating facility parcel is currently zoned as light industrial and the Helena Woods parcels are zoned as vacant land and a mobile home park The local Planning Commission anficipates rezoning all four parcels for heavy industrial use The fiature anficipated land use is consistent with the industrial exposure criteria used in the selection of Site cleanup goals The ROD also called for deed restrictions to restrict the use of site-impacted ground water on and off the Site in order to limit exposure to contaminated ground water until cleanup goals are achieved EPA and FDEP are in discussions regarding the restrictive covenant in order to prevent fijture exposure to Site soil A 2008 Memorandum of Agreement between EPA Region 4 and SWFWMD addresses the need to restrict the use of site-related ground water The agreement establishes regular communication between the two agencies and affinns SWFWMDs regulatory authority to implement and enforce ground water use restrictions at the Site This authority addresses well constmction pemiits restrictions on use of wells for potable water supply and requirements that well owners be notified of ground water contaniination that may impact their wells At the request ofthe FDEP once the treatability study is completed and a revised ground water remedy for the Site has been selected the need for additional ground water institutional controls will be reevaluated and the existing institutional controls will be modified or new institufional controls will be implemented as appropriate

40

Figure 4 Site Parcel Map

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Legend

I Site Parcels

I ^ _ J site Boundary

AjiprowmatBBoundary o tSurfc ia l Aquiter Ground Whter Pfume |

Approximate Boundary of in tennedia te Aquieet Sys t em Ground w a t e r R u m e

A i Parcels

Helena Chemical Company Superfund Site Tampa Hillsborough County Florida

Disc la imer Th i s m a p and any b o u n d a r y l ines w i th in the m a p a re a p p r o x i m a t e a n d subject to c h a n g e T h e m a p is not a survey T h e m a p is for

informat ional pu rposes only r ega rd ing E P A s r e s p o n s e ac t ions at t h e Si te and is not in tended for any o the r purpose

41

Table 7 Institutional Control (IC) Summary Table

Media

Ground Water

Soil and Sediment

ICs Needed

Yes

Yes

ICs Called for in the Decision Documents

Yes

Yes

IC Objective

Restrict use of contaminated ground water to limit exposure until cleanup goals are achieved

Restrict land uses to industrial or similar

The 1996 ROD also listed fencing as an institutional control for soil and sed not been included above because it is considered an engineering control

Instrument in Place

The 1996 ROD called for deed notices as the institutional control instrument These have not been implemented However a 2008 Memorandum of Agreement between EPA and SWFWMD confirms SWFWMDs regulatory authority to restrict well constmction restrict well use as a potable water source and requiring that well owners benotified of ground water contamination that may impact their wells This authority applies to on-site parcels as well as off-site parcels covering the entire area affected by site-related ground water contamination

The land use restrictions called for in the 1996 ROD have not been implemented however Helena Chemical Company has maintained operations at the Site tliroughout remedial activities and intends to continue Site operations for the foreseeable future A restrictive covenant will be placed on the Site to ensure the Site is only used for industrial purposes The operating facility parcel is presently zoned for light industrial use and all four parcels will soon be rezoned for heavy industrial use which is consistent with the industrial exposure criteria used in selecting cleanup goals for the Site A secure perimeter fence restricts access to the Site limiting the potential for inadvertent soil exposure

ment source control however this has

42

66 Interviews

During the FYR process interviews were conducted with parties impacted by the Site including the current landowners and regulatory agencies involved in Site activities or aware ofthe Site The purpose ofthe interviews was to document the perceived status of the Site and any perceived problems or successes with the phases ofthe remedy that have been implemented to date Intei^views with Mr Jackson and Mr Brister were conducted during the site inspection on July 8 2010 Interviews with Ms Milicic and Ms Yeargan were conducted via e-mail on August 23 2010 and September 27 2010 respectively Several nearby businesses were also contacted but declined or did not have interest in being interviewed about the Site Interviews are summarized below and complete interviews are included in Appendix C

Galo Jackson Mr Jackson is the EPA RPM for the Site Mr Jackson indicates that a pilot-scale treatability study for site ground water is presently underway Results are being routinely shared with EPA and FDEP while there have been many challenges and it is still too early to detennine whether the treatments being explored can effecfively address ground water contamination he is hopeful that the treatments will be successful He has not received any complaints or inquiries from the community in the past five years and is not aware of any effects the Site may have had on the surrounding community He is pleased with the regular updates and infonnation he receives from the remedial contractor EnSafe Inc

Edward Brister Mr Brister is the Engineering Safety Health and Environinent Director for the Helena Chemical Conipany Mr Brister indicates that he is pleased with progress at the Site and believes that the remedial activities taken to date are perfomiing successfully He feels well infonned about activities and progress at the Site He does not know of any effects that the Site has had on the surrounding cominunity beyond the potential for Superfiind stigma which is common at many similar sites Mr Brister indicates that there is one residence in the area ofthe Site and that the owners a couple had expressed concems to him in the past He notes that the couple was temporarily relocated during removal activities in 2000 and again during sulfijr area removal actions in 2004 and 2005 Other than his discussions with the couple who were temporarily relocated he has not heard any complaints or concems from the cominunity regarding the Site

Karen Milicic Ms Milicic is the FDEP project manager for the Site Ms Milicic thinks that activities at the Site are making progress in addressing site COCs She is aware ofthe treatability study work that is presently underway and feels very well infonned regarding progress at the Site She believes that it is sfill too early to comment on the effectiveness ofthe current treatments being explored for ground water at the Site as the treatability study has not yet concluded She is not aware of any complaints or inquiries regarding the Site over the last five years

Mary Yeargan Ms Yeargan is the Environmental Protection Commission of Hillsborough County project manager for the Site Ms Yeargan has been involved at the

43

Site for many years and participated in the previous 2006 FYR site inspection She indicates that the Site is situated in an area that is impacted by multiple Superfijnd sites as well as other facilities that contribute to blight in the area She acknowledges that the Site may contribute to some more general community concems about the presence of Superfijnd sites in the area but she does not think that the Site specifically has been the source of concem within the larger area Since the 2006 FYR Ms Yeargan has received one complaint about potential ground water contaniination that a community member thought may have resulted from one ofthe area Superfund sites The well was tested by the Department of Public Health contamination was not detected in the sampling and the well was found to be safe for continued use She is not aware of any changes in laws or land use in the area that would impact the Site Given the shortage of lands available for heavy industrial uses she thinks it would be unlikely for the zoning ofthe parcels that compose the Site-to be changed to anything other than heavy industrial-She feels welf infomied about site activities and remains in regular communication as needed with EPA RPM Galo Jackson

44

70 Technical Assessment

71 Question A Is the remedy functioning as intended by the decision documents

The review of documents ARARs risk assumptions and the Site inspection indicate that the Sites soil remedy is functioning as intended by Site decision documents for soil and sediment Pesticide-contaminated surface soil and sediment at the Site and the adjacent CSX railway line east drainage ditch were excavated and shipped offsite for biological treatment and disposal Contaminated soil and residual sulfur were also excavated and shipped offsite for disposal Since there is commingling ofthe Sites ground water plumes with those ofthe adjacent Alaric Site the pump-and-treat ground water remedy selected in the 1996 ROD may not cunently be appropriate to implement at the Site until

- the Alaric Sites plumes have been remediated Helena Chemical Conipany proposed a pilot-scale treatability study to evaluate the feasibility of biological and physical ground water contaminant degradation The Work Plan for this treatability study was approved by EPA in August 2009 The study is currently underway and was scheduled to conclude by the fourth quarter of 2010 with a contingency period of another 12 months if necessary A final report documenting the effectiveness ofthe first fijll year ofthe treatability study was not available at the time this FYR report was drafted therefore a decision regarding whether to implement the additional 12 month contingency period had also not been made The final results ofthe treatability study will be used to infonn the selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site In the event that the treatability study is not successful EPA may consider additional avenues to approach remediation including additional excavation

The 1996 ROD selected the implementation of institutional controls in the form of deed restrictions for soil sediment and ground water to limit exposure to site-related contamination Fencing was also required by the 1996 ROD Land use restrictions have not been implemented for the Site however some interim institutional controls to protect against exposure to ground water contamination have been implemented Helena Chemical Company intends to confinue Site operations for the foreseeable future and has no intention to sell lease or transfer any portion ofthe Site Cunent and future zoning designations are consistent with the industrial land use criteria used in selection of Site COC cleanup goals In 2008 EPA entered into a Memorandum of Agreement with the SWFWMD The document confirms SWFWMDs regulatory authority to place restrictions on well placement and constmction Through shared infomiation between the two agencies SWFWMD can make infomied pennitting and enforcement decisions to prevent exposure to ground water contamination that could pose a risk to hunian health No impacted ground water wells are used for potable water buildings at the Site and in the surrounding area are connected to municipal water supply lines The need for additional institufional controls will be evaluated upon selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site

The Site is well-maintained and is surrounded by a secured perimeter fence with signs restricting access Access is limited to authorized persons during regular business hours

45

All site-related wells are secured or if no longer operational have been properly abandoned

72 Question B Are the exposure assumptions toxicity data cleanup levels and remedial action objectives (RAOs) used at the time of remedy selection still valid

The ARARs for four ofthe nine ground water COCs aldrin alpha-BHC beta-BHC and dieldrin have become more stringent since the signing ofthe 1996 ROD During the current ground water treatability study both alpha-BHC and beta-BHC have been detected at levels greater than the RODs less stringent cleanup goals for these COCs Remedial activities at the Site have allowed the continued industrial use ofthe property and have reduced ecological risk at the Site The selection of a revised ground water remedy is required before achieving the remaining two RAOs 1) protection of ground water from continued degradation by Site contaminants and 2) reduction of risk to human health within EPAs acceptable risk range Residual soil contamination remains present below the water table and the ground water plume continues to exceed cleanup goals The industrial land use at the Site and in the surrounding area is unchanged since the ROD was signed therefore the exposure assumpfions are still valid Benzene and ethylbenzene are being detected in the groundwater at concentrations above the primary drinking-water standards

73 Question C Has any other information come to light that could call into question the protectiveness ofthe remedy

No other infomiation has come to light that could call into question the protectiveness of the remedy

74 Technical Assessment Summary

The review of documents ARARs risk assumptions and the Site inspection indicate that the Sites soil remedy is functioning as intended by Site decision documents for soil and sediment Pesticide-contaminated surface soil and sediment at the Site and the adjacent CSX railway line east drainage ditch were excavated and shipped offsite for biological treatment and disposal Contaminated soil and residual sulfur were also excavated and shipped off-site for disposal Since there is commingling ofthe Sites ground water plumes with those ofthe adjacent Alaric Site the pump-and-treat ground water remedy selected in the 1996 ROD may not currently be appropriate to implement at the Site until the Alaric Sites plumes have been remediated Helena Chemical Company proposed a pilot-scale treatability study to evaluate the feasibility of biological and physical ground water contaminant degradafion The work plan for this treatability study was approved by EPA in August 2009 The study is currenfiy underway and was scheduled to conclude by the fourth quarter of 2010 vvith a contingency period of another 12 months if necessary A final report documenting the effectiveness ofthe first full year ofthe treatability study was not available at the time this FYR report was drafted therefore a decision regarding whether to implement the additional 12 month contingency period had also not been made The final results ofthe treatability study will be used to infonn the selection of a

46

revised ground water remedy for the Site In the event that the treatability study is not successful EPA may consider addifional avenues to approach remediation including additional excavation

The ARARs for four ofthe nine ground water COCs aldrin alpha-BHC beta-BHC and dieldrin have become more stringent since the signing ofthe 1996 ROD During the current ground water treatability study both alpha-BHC and beta-BHC have been detected at levels greater than the cuirent less-stringent cleanup goal for these COCs Remedial activities at the Site have allowed the continued industrial use ofthe property and have reduced ecological risk at the Site The selection of a revised ground water remedy is required before achieving the remaining two RAOs 1) protection of ground water from confinued degradation by Site contaminants and 2) reduction of risk to

-human health within EPAs acceptable risk range Residual soil contaniination remains present below the water table and the ground water plume continues to exceed cleanup goals The industrial land use at the Site and in the surrounding area has not changed since the ROD was signed therefore the exposure assumptions are still valid

The 1996 ROD selected the implementation of institutional controls in the fomi of deed restrictions for soil sediment and ground water to liinit exposure to site-related contamination Fencing was also required by the 1996 ROD Land use restrictions have not been implemented for the Site however some interim institufional controls to protect against exposure to ground water contamination have been implemented Helena Chemical Company intends to continue Site operations for the foreseeable future and has no intention to sell lease or transfer any portion ofthe Site Current and future zoning designations are consistent with the industrial land use criteria used in selection of site COC cleanup goals In 2008 EPA entered into a Memorandum of Agreement with the SWFWMD The document confinns SWFWMDs regulatory authority to place restrictions on well placement and constmction Through shared infonnation between the two agencies SWFWMD can make infonned pemiitting and enforcement decisions to prevent exposure to ground water contamination that could pose a risk to hunian health No impacted ground water wells are used for potable water buildings at the Site and in the surrounding area are connected to municipal water supply lines The need for additional institutional controls will be evaluated upon selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site

The Site is well-maintained and is surrounded by a secured perimeter fence with signs restricting access Access is limited to authorized persons during regular business hours All site-related wells have been secured or if no longer operational have been properly abandoned

47

80 Issues

Table 8 summarizes the current site issues

Table 8 Current Site Issues

Issue

A revised ground water remedy for the Site has not been selected or implemented and sampling events continue to detect COC concentrations in ground water that are greater than cleanup goals Land use restrictions for the Site have not yet been implemented

Affects Current Protectiveness

(Yes or No)

No

No

Affects Future Protectiveness

(Yes or No)

Yes

Yes

48

90 Recommendations and Follow-up Actions

Table 9 provides recommendations to address the current site issues

Table 9 Recommendations to Address Current Site Issues

Issue

A revised groundshywater remedy for the Site has not been selected or mdash implemented and sampling events continue to detect COC concentrations in ground water that are greater than cleanup goals

Land use restrictions for the Site have not yet been implemented

Recommendations Follow-Up Actions

- At the conclusion ofthe current pilot study evaluate results and if appropriate docunient the selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site

A restrictive covenant will be concluded designed to ensure the Site remains industrial

Party Responsible

PRP

PRP

Oversight Agency

EPA

EPA

Milestone Date

01312012

01312012

Affects Protectiveness

(Yes or No) Current

No

No

Future

Yes

Yes

49

100 Protectiveness Statements

The Sites remedy currently protects huinan health and the environment in the short-tenn because it is functioning as intended by the Sites decision documents for soil and sediment Source materials have been excavated and removed for off-site treatment and disposal The selected ground water remedy has not yet been implemented due to concems with promoting migration ofthe ground water plume from the neighboring Alaric Site A pilot-scale bioremediafion treatability study is underway and will hopefully aid in the selecfion of a revised ground water remedy for the Site The affected surficial aquifer in the vicinity ofthe Site is not used for potable water supply and area residents and businesses are connected to municipal water supply In order for the remedy to be protective in the long-tenn issues conceming implementation of a revised ground water remedy and institutional controls should be addressed

50

110 Next Review

This Site is a statutory Site that requires ongoing FYRs as long as waste is left on site that does not allow for unrestricted use and unlimited exposure The next FYR will be due within five years ofthe signatureapproval date ofthis FYR

51

Appendix A List of Documents Reviewed

CERCLA Infonnafion System Site Infomiation accessed from website httpcfpubepa^ovsupercpadcursitescsitinfocfinid=0400674 Accessed May 12 2010

EPA Record of Decision Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) EPA ID FLD053502696 Prepared by US EPA Region 4 May 7 1996

Explanation of Significant Differences Helena Chemical Superfund Site Tampa Hillsborough County FL Prepared by US EPA Region 4 January 27 2005

First Five-Year Review Report for Helena Chemical Company Tampa Hillsborough County Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for US EPA Region 4 January 31 2006 mdash

First Quarter 2010 Pilot Test Implementation Report Helena Chemical Company Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Chemical Conipany July 7 2010

Fourth Quarter 2009 Pilot Test Implementation Report Helena Chemical Company Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Chemical Coinpany March 12 2010

Memorandum of Agreement between the US Environmental Protection Agency Region 4 Superfund Division and the Southwest Florida Water Management District September 11 2008

Pilot Test and Interini Monitoring Work Plan for the Helena Chemical Conipany Superfund Site Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Chemical Company June 30 2009

Pilot Test Implementation Report Helena Cheinical Company Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Chemical Company December 22 2009

Second Quarter 2010 Pilot Test Implementation Report Helena Chemical Conipany Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Chemical Company September 23 2010

Third Quarter 2009 Pilot Test Implementation Report Helena Chemical Company Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Cheinical Coinpany December 22 2009

A-l

Appendix B Press Notice

y PRoA^

U S Environmental Protection Agency Region 4 Announces a Five-Year Review for

the Helena Chemical Company Superfund Site Tampa Hillsborough Countj Florida

PurposeObjective The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is conducting a Five-Year Review ofthe remedy for the Helena Chemical Company Superfuiid site (Site) in Tampa Florida The purpose ofthe Five-Year Review is to ensure that the selected cleanup actions effectively protect human health and the environment

Site~Background The Site covers approximately eight acres and is located in the Orient Park industrial area in Tampa Floiida The ~ facility was built in 1929 as a chemical plant for the production of sulfur The initial owners manufactured wettable and dusting sulfur and formulated pesticides herbicides fungicides and fertilizers at the facility Helena Chemical Company purchased the property in 1967 and continued these manufacturing operations until 1981 The company moved its pesticide herbicide and fiingicide formulation operations to Georgia in 1981 but has continued to fonnulate insecticidal petroleum oil and liquid fertilizers at the facility Former manufacturing operations by Helena Chemical Company and its predecessors resulted in soil and ground water contamination EPA placed the Site on the National Priorities List (NPL) in October 1992

Cleanup Actions In 1996 EPA signed the Record of Decision (ROD) for the Site which selected a remedy to clean up contaminants by excavating and treating contaminated soils disposing of sulfur-contaminated soils offsite neutralizing soil pH and containing ground water contamination to prevent off-site migration Between 2000 and 2005 more than 10000 tons of contaminated soils were excavated for treatment and soils with sulfur contamination were disposed of off site After the soil removals lime was incorporated into remaining on-site soils to neutralize the sulfuric acid present four feet below the land surface However the addition of lime appears to have had minimal effect on areas with low pH Design ofthe ground water treatment system was delayed due to the need to distinguish between source contamination at the Site and source contaniination emanating from another Superfijnd site the Alaric Area Ground Water Plume site which is located adjacent to the Site Ground water sampling conducted in 2007 concluded that pesticide concentrations at the Site continue to exceed cleanup goals established in the ROD and require remedial action Several pilot-scale treatability studies commenced in 2009 and are presently underway

Five-Vear Review Schedule The National Contingency Plan requires that remedial actions that result in any hazardous substances pollutants or contaminants remaining at the Superfimd Sites above levels that allow for unlimited use and unrestricted exposure be reviewed every five years to ensure the protection of human health and the environment The second ofthe Five-Year Reviews for this Site will be completed in January 2011

EPA invites community participation in the Five-Year Review process EPA is conducting this Five-Year Review to evaluate the effectiveness ofthe Sites remedy and to ensure that the remedy remains protective of human health and the environment As part ofthe Five-Year Review process EPA staff are available to answer any questions about the Site Community members who have questions about the Site or the Five-Year Review process or vvho would like to participate in a community interview are asked to contact

Galo Jackson Remedial Project Manager LTonya Spencer Community Involvement Coordinator Phone 404-562-8937 Phone 404-562-8463 1 -800-435-9234 (toll free) E-mail jacksongaloMjepauov E-mail spencerlatonva(5)epagov

Mailing Address EPA Region 4 Sam Nunn Atlanta Federal Center 61 Forsyth St SW Mail Code 9T25 Atlanta GA 30303-8960

Site information is also available at the Sites local document repository at University of South Florida Library 4202 East Fowler Avenue Tampa Florida 33620 and online at httpwvwepcigovi-egion4wasteitplitplflshelenafl-hlin

B-

Appendix C Interview Forms

Interview Form 2011 Five-Year Review - Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) Site Tampa FL

Site Name Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) EPA ID No FLD053502696 Interviewer Name Sabrina Foster Affiliation E Inc Subjects Name Galo Jackson Affiliation EPA Region 4 Subjects Contact Information iacksongalo(fl)epagov Time 915 am Date July 8 2010 Type of Interview (Circle one) In Person Phone Mail Other Location of Interview Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) site

IVIiat is your overall impression ofthe project In tenns ofthe pilot-scale treatability study for water the project is on schedule We are getting results back having them reviewed but it is still too early to tell what the final result will be The treatability study has been challenging but I am hopeful that it will work

2 What effect has this site had on the surrounding community ifany^7 None that 1 am aware of

3 How well do you believe the remedy currently in place is performing7 Do you believe the monitoring data show the remedys effectiveness^ As 1 said before we are still working on the treatability study so it is really too early to tell The study is still in early stages

4 Are you aware of any complaints or inquiries regarding environmental issues or the remedial action from residents since implementation ofthe cleanup 1 have not received any in the last five years

5 Are you aware of any changes in projected land use at or near the site No as far as I know it is all still zoned for heavy industrial use

6 Do you feel well informed about the site y activities and progress Yes EnSafe are the remedial contractors and they do a good job keeping me well-in fonn ed

7 Do you have any commenis suggeslions or recommendations regarding the sile s management or operation Not really The treatability study is underway and 1 am hopeful that it will work

C-1

Site Name Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) EPA ID No FLD053502696 Interviewer Name Sabrina Foster Affiliation E Inc Subjects Name Ed Brister Affiliation Helena Chemical Company Subjects Contact Information bristere(laquo)helenachemicacom Time 900 am Date July 8 2010 Type of Interview (Circle one) In Person Phone Mail Other Location of Interview Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) site

1 What is your overall impression ofthe project My impression is that it is good and has been a successful project

2 What e f f y has this site had on the surrounding community ifany mdash We dont know of any effect on the surrounding community Certainly there hasnt been

an effect on human health At any site like this you are going to have stigma issues but we dont hear any concerns out ofthe community about it

3 How well do you believe the remedy currently in place is performing 1 think it is doing well

4 Are you aware of any complaints or inquiries regarding environmental issues or the remedial action from residents since implementation ofthe cleanup Yes During the implementation ofthe cleanup the soil excavations we did hear of concems Irom a neighbor [Resident 1] We addressed her concems by temporarily moving her and her husband from their home for a couple of months to a location south of here We temporarily moved the [residents] twice once during the big removal in 2000 and again during the excavation and removal ofthe sulfur area in 2004-2005

5 Are you aware of any changes in projected land use at or near the site No not for here or for the surrounding areas

6 Do you feel well informed about the site s activities and progress Yes

7 Do you have any commenis suggestions or recommendations regarding the site f management or operation No

C-2

SiteName Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) EPA ID No FLD053502696 Subjects Name Karen Milicic Affiliation FDEP Subjects Contact Information 850-245-8931 Time 913 am Date August 23 2010 Type of Interview (Circle one) In Person Phone Mail Other E-mail Location of Interview Tallahassee FL

What is your overall impression ofthe project Good appear to be making progress on addressing the contaminants of concem

2 How well do you believe the remedy currently in place is performing Still too early to tell basedon recent lab data

3 Are you comfortable with the institutional controls required for the Site and their current status of implementation Yes at this time

4 Are you aware of any complaints or inquiries regarding environmental issues or the remedial action from residents in the last five years No not aware of any complaints andor inquiries regarding the Site

5 Has your office conducted any Site-related activities or communications in the last five years If so please give purpose and results of these activities Yes to attend a site visit with EPA RPM Galo Jackson

6 Are you aware of any changes to state laws that might affect the protectiveness ofthe remedy Are you aware of any changes in projected land use at the Site Not at this fime

7 Do you feel well informed about the Site 5 activities and progress Feel very well infomied regarding the progress ofthe Site

8 Do you have any comments suggestions or recommendations regarding the Site s management or operation None at this time

C-3

Site Name Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) EPA ID No FLD053502696 Interviewer Name Sabrina Foster Affiliation E^ Inc Subjects Name Mary Yeargan Affiliation Environmental Protection

Commission of Hillsborough County Subjects Contact Information yearganm(fl)epchcorg Time 330 pm Date September 27 2010 Type of Interview (Circle one) In Person Phone Mail Other

What is your overall impression ofthe project My overall impression is that it is continuing along as it has been

2 What are your views about current site condition problems or related concerns mdash 1 was onthe site visit for the last FYR so I am familiar with the-Site and the Five-Year

Review process I think that things are continuing to move forward at the Site with the treatments underway

3 What effect has this site had on the surrounding community This is a blighted community and certainly the presence of a Superfund site contributes to the perception of blight But Helena is not the only Superfund site in the area there is also Stauffer Chemical Florida Steel Alaric as well as the jail and all the bail bonds places So there is blight in the community but it is npt a direct result of Helena

4 Has the local government received any citizen complaints or inquiries regarding environmental issues or activities at this site I havent received any specific complaints nothing about Helena in particular The calls I get largely concem other specific Superfund sites in the area or just the presence of Superfijnd sites in general I did receive a call in 2008 firom a resident who was concemed about well water and whether the presence of Superfijnd sites in the area meant that the water was contaminated Again they didnt specifically mention Helena just Superfund sites in general We called the Department of Public Health to come out and sampled the well and there was no contamination present

5 Have there been routine communications or activities (site visits inspections reporting activities etc) conducted by your office regarding the site If yes please give purpose and results No

6 Are you aware of any changes to local laws that might affect the protectiveness ofthe remedy Are you aware of any changes in projected land use at the Site No Im not aware of any changes to local laws that would impact the Site Helena continues to operate so that land use hasnt changed and I dont imagine that the land use zoning would be changed to anything other than heavy industrial There is a limited amount of space available for heavy industrial so they are going to keep any land already zoned for that purpose

C-4

7 Do you feel well informed about the Sites activities and progress If not what methods would you recommend EPA use to disseminate more information Sure

8 Do you have any comments suggestions or recommendations regarding the project None I have worked with Galo for some time and let him know right away if there are any complaints

C-5

Appendix D Site Inspection Checklist

FIVE-YEAR REVIEW SITE INSPECTION CHECKLIST

I SITE INFORMATION

Site name Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) Date of inspection July 8 2010

Location and Region Tampa FL Region 4 EPA ID FLD053502696

Agency office or company leading the five-year review EPA Region 4 Weathertemperature Clear skies sunny 85F

Remedy Includes (Check all that apply) I I Landfill covercontainment [XI Access controls IXI Institutional controls Xl Groundwater pump and treatment I I Surface water collection and treatment Xl Other Soil excavation and off-site disposal

I I Monitored natural attenuation XI Groundwater containment [~| Vertical banier walls

ttachments XT] Inspection team roster attached I I Site map attached

II INTERVIEWS (Check all that apply)

1 OampM site manager Name Title

Interiewed 77 at site [d at office Q by phone Phone no Problems suggestions XU Report attached

mmddvgtvv Date

OampM staff Name Title

Interviewed O at site J at office XU by phone Phone no Problems suggestions [d Report attached

mmddyyvv Date

D-

3 Local regulatory authorities and response agencies (ie State and Tribal offices emergency response office police department office of public health or environmental health zoning office recorder of deeds or other city and county offices etc) Fill in all that apply

Agency FDEP Contact

Problems

Agencv Cont c t Problems

Agency Contact

Problems

Aeencv Contact

Problems

Agency Contact

Problems

Karen Milicic Name

suggestions bull Report attached

Name suggestions 1 1 Report attached

N me suggestions bull Report attached

Name suggestions bull Report attached

Name suggestions CD Report attached

Proiect Manager Title

see Appendix C

8232010 Date

Title

Title see Appendix C

Date

mdash

Date

Title see Appendix C

ate

Title see Appendix C

Date

850-245-8931 Phone No

Phone No

Phone No

Phone No

Ph iieNo

4 Other interviews (optional) bull Report attached

EPA Region 4 Galo Jackson Remedial Project Manager 782010 404-562-8937

Helena Chemical Company (PRP) Ed Brister Director of Engineering Safety Health 782010901-537-8600

and Environment

III ON-SITE DOCUMENTS amp RECORDS VERIFIED (Check all that apply)

1 O amp M Documents

n OampM manual D Readily available bull Up to date

1 1 As-built drawings O Readily available Q Up to date

n Maintenance logs Q Readily available []] Up to date

Remarks

^ N A

K | N A

E ] N A

2 Site-Specific Health and Safety Plan bull Readily available ^ Up to date D NA

n Contingency planemergency response plan bull Readily available ^ Up to date O NA

Remarks

3 O amp M and OSHA Training Records Q Readily available D Up to date lEI NA

Remarks

D-2

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

1

Permits and Service Agreements

r~l Air discharge pemiit

bull Effluent discharge

n Waste disposal POTW

1 1 Other pemiits

Remarks

Gas Generation Records

Remarks

Settlement Monument Records

Remarks

Groundwater Monitoring Records

r~1 Readily available

n Readily available

77 Readily available

[y Readily available

[72 Readily available

[y Readily available

Q Readily available

Remarks Ground water monitoring records are available for the feasibilitv and intemiittent monitoring records from

n Up to date

bull Up to date

n Up to date

n Up to date

n Up to date

n Up to date mdash bull -

IC] Up to date

[ 3 NA

^ N A

KNA

KNA

13 NA

S N A

KINA

study currently underway sampling to confirm the effectiveness of soil remedial

actions are also available Since a revised ground water remedy for the Site has not vet been or implemented long-temi monitoring o

Leachate Extraction Records

Remarks

Discharge Compliance Records

selected f ground water remedy effectiveness has not yet begun 1

n Readily available

bull Air n Readily available bull Up to date

bull Water (effluent) bull Readily available bull Up to date

Remarks

Daily AccessSecurity Logs

Remarks

IV

OampM Organization

1 1 State in-house

n PRP in-house

1 1 Federal Facility in-house

n

X3 Readily available

OampM COSTS

1 1 Contractor for State

n Contractor for PRP

bull Up to date KNA

KlNA

^ N A

bull Up to date

1 1 Contractor for Federal Facility

KINA

D-3

-gt

3

OampM Cost Records

1 1 Readily available

1 1 Funding mechanist

Original OampM cost es

From mniddvYw

Date

From mmddNyyy

Date

From mnidd-w-w

Date

From mmddyvY

Date

From mmddyvw

Date

Unanticipated or Unu

Describe costs and reas

n Up to date

nagreement in place CH Unavailable

imate | 1 Breakdown attached

Total annual cost by year for review period

To mmddyvw

Date Total cost

To mmddN-vw

ate Total cost

To mmddyvw

Date Total cost

To mmddvvNv

Date Total cost

To mmddyvw

Date Total cost

iually High OampM Costs During Review P

ons

if available

bull Breakdown aitached

1 1 Breakdown attached

- 1 1 Breakdown attached

1 1 Breakdown attached

CH Breakdown attached

eriod

V ACCESS AND INSTITUTIONAL CONTROLS ^ Applicable D NA

A

1

B

1

C

Fencing

Fencing damaged Q Location shown on site map ^ G

Remarks Fencing surrounds entire property gates are secured outsi

Other Access Restrictions

Signs and other security measures O Location s

Remarks Access signs are posted near entry gates

Institutional Controls (ICs]

ues secured CD NA

de of operation hours

10wn on site map CD NA

D-4

Implementation and enforcement

Site conditions imply ICs not properly implemented

Site conditions imply ICs not being fully enforced

Type of monitoring (eg self-reporting drive by)

Frequency

Responsible partyagency

Contact

Name Title

Reporting is up-to-date

Reports are verified by the lead agency

Specific requirements in deed or decision documents have been met

Violations have been reported

Other problems or suggestions CD Report attached

D Y e s

D Y e s

No D NA

No D N A

mrrvaoyy

Date D Yes

DYes

DYes

DYes

wv Phone no

D N O

D N O

D N O

D N O

DNA

Q N A

DNA

DNA

2 Adequacy ^ ICs are adequate O ICs are inadequate CD NA

Remarks The 1996 ROD calls for institutional controls in the fomi of site deed restrictions to limit exposure to ground water contamination until cleanup goals are achieved The ROD also calls for fencing to limit access and exposure to site soil contamination At the request ofthe FDEP land use restrictions for the Site have not yet been implemented however some interim institutional controls lo protect against exposure to ground water contamination have been implemented EPA signed a Memorandum of Agreement with the SWFWMD affimiing SWFWMDs regulatory authority to restrict well construction and well use for potable water at and in the area ofthe Site Secure perimeter fencing provides an engineering control to restrict access to the Site The risk for exposure is minimal because surface soil has been remediated the Helena Chemical Company has continued site operations and plans to continue industrial activities at the Site into the foreseeable ftiture and current and future land use zoning is consistent with the industrial cleanup criteria used in the selection of site cleanup goals

A treatability study is currently underway to help detennine the revised remedy for ground water Once this remedy has been selected and decision documents have been appropriately updated Helena Chemical Company EPA the slate and Hillsborough County will evaluate changes to existing institutional controls and addition of new institutional controls for the Site as well as impacted ground water area as appropriate

D General

Vandalismtrespassing

Remarks

I I Location shown on site map No vandalism evident

2 Land use changes on site

Remarks

NA

3 Land use changes off site

Remarks

^ N A

VI GENERAL SITE CONDITIONS

Roads Applicable D NA

D-5

1

B

Roads damaged

Remarks Paved aspha

Other Site Conditions

[y] Location shown on site map ^ Roads adequate Q NA

It roads are used for access to warehouses and the office building on site

Remarks

A

1

T

3

4

5

6

7

8

VII

Landfill Surface

LANDFILL COVERS D Applicable [^ NA

Settlement (Low spots)

Arial extent

Remarks

Cracks

Lengths

Remarks

Erosion

Arial extent

Remarks

Holes

Arial extent

Remarks

Vegetative Cover

1 1 No signs of stres

Remarks

Alternative Cover

Remarks

Bulges

Arial extent

Remarks

s

1 1 Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

Widths

CD Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on sit map

CH Grass

1 1 TreesSlirubs (indicate size and loi

amiored rock concrete etc)

Xy Location shown on site map

rn Settlement not evident

Depth

CD Cracking not evident

Depths

CD Erosion not evident

Depth

CD Holes not evident

Depth

1 1 Cover properly established

bullations on a diagram)

DNA

CD Bulges not evident

Height

Wet AreasWater Damage bull Wet areaswater damage not evident

bull Wet areas

CD Ponding

n Seeps

bull Soft subgrade

Remarks

CD Location shown on site map

1 1 Location shown on site map

1 1 Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

Arial extent

Arial extent

Arial extent

Arial extent

D-6

9

B

1

2

3

C

1

1

3

4

5

Slope Instability

1 1 No evidence of slope

Arial extent

Remarks

n Slides

instability

CD Location shown on site map

Benches D Applicable ^ NA

(Horizontally constructed mounds of earth placed across a steep landfill side slope to interrupt the slope in order to slow down the velocity of surface runoff and intercept and convey the runoff to a lined channel)

Flows Bypass Bench

Remarks

Bench Breached

Remarks

Bench Overtopped

Remarks

CD Location shown on site map

bull Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

CD NA or okay

bull NA or okay

1 j NA or okay

Letdown Channels bull Applicable ^ NA

(Charaiel lined with erosion control mats riprap grout bags or gabions that descend down the steep side slope ofthe cover and will allow the runoff water collected by the benches to move off of the landfill cover without creating erosion gullies)

Settlement (Low spots)

Arial extent

Remarks

Material Degradation

Material type

Remarks

Erosion

Arial extent

Remarks

Undercutting

Arial extent

Remarks

Obstructions

bull Location shown on sit

Size

Remarks

CD Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

Type

e map Arial extent

CD No evidence of settlement

Depth

[H No evidence of degradation

Arial extent

bull No evidence of erosion

Depth

CD No evidence of undercutting

Depth

1 1 No obstmctions

D-7

6

D

1

2

3

4

5

E

1

9

3

Excessive Vegetative Growth Type

CD No evidence of excessive growth

CD Vegetation in channels does not obstmct flow

CD Location shown on site map Ari

Remarks

al extent

Cover Penetrations XC Applicable ^ NA

Gas Vents bull Active

CD Properly securedlocked Q Functioning

CD Evidence of leakage at penetration

Remarks

Gas Monitoring Probes

CD Properly securedlocked CD Functioning

CD Evidence of leakage at penetration

Remarks

Monitoring Wells (within surface area of landfill)

CD Properly securedlocked [ID Functioning

1 1 Evidence of leakage at penetration

Remarks

Extraction Wells Leachate

CD Properly securedlocked CD Functioning

1 1 Evidence of leakage at penetration

Remarks

Settlement Monuments Q Located

Remarks

Gas Collection and Treatment CD Applicable

Gas Treatment Facilities

n Passive

CD Routinely sampled

CD Needs Maintenance

CD Routinely sampled

CD Needs Maintenance

bull Routinely sampled

CD Needs Maintenance

CD Routinely sampled

1 1 Needs Maintenance

CD Routinely sureyed

^ N A

1 1 Flaring CD Themial destmclion

CD Good condition CD Needs Maintenance

Remarks

Gas Collection Wells Manifolds and Piping

CD Good condition CD Needs Maintenance

Remarks

Gas Monitoring Facilities (eg gas monitoring o

CD Good condition

DNA

- - bull

CD Good condition

DNA

1 1 Good condition

DNA

CD Good condition

DNA

DNA

CD Collection for reuse

Fadjacent homes or buildings)

CD Good condition CD Needs Maintenance CD NA

Remarks

D-8

F

1

2

G

1

1

3

4

H

1

2

I

1

9

3

Cover Drainage Layer bull Applicable ^ NA

Outlet Pipes Inspected CD Functioning

Remarks

Outlet Rock Inspected CD Functioning

Remarks

DetentionSedimentation Ponds bull Applicable

Siltation Area extent Depth

1 1 Siltation not evident

Remarks

Erosion Area extent Depth

CD Erosion not evident

Remarks

Outlet Works bull Functioning

Remarks

Dam CD Functioning

Remarks

Retaining Walls D Applicable ^ NA

Deformations CD Location shown on site map

Horizontal displacement Vertical di

Rotational displacement

Remarks

Degradation [C Location shown on site map

Remarks

Perimeter DitchesOff-Site Discharge [C Applicable

Siltation CD Location shown on site map

Area extent

Remarks

Vegetative Growth bull Location shown on site map

CD Vegetation does not impede flow

Area extent

Remarks

Erosion bull Location shown on site map

Area extent

Remarks

DNA

DNA

^ N A

DNA

DNA

DNA

J Deformation not evident

splacement

CD Degradation not evident

13 NA

CD Siltation not evident

Depth

DNA

Type

CD Erosion not evident

Depth

D-9

4 Discharge Structure Q Functioning bull NA

Remarks

VIII VERTICAL BARRIER WALLS D Applicable ^ NA

1

2

IX

A

1

2

3

B

1

bull )

3

C

Settlement CD Location shown on site map CD Settlement not evident

Area extent Depth

Remarks

Performance Monitoring Type of monitoring

bull Perfomiance not monitored

Frequency CD Evidence of breaching

Head differential

Remarks

GROUNDWATERSURFACE WATER REMEDIES g] Applicable Q NA

Groundwater Extraction Wells Pumps and Pipelines X Applicable ^ NA

Pumps Wellhead Plumbing and Electrical

CD Good condition CD Ail required wells properly operating CD Needs Maintenance CD NA

Remarks

Extraction System Pipelines Valves Valve Boxes and Other Appurtenances

bull Good condition O Needs Maintenance

Remarks

Spare Parts and Equipment

bull Readily available bull Good condition bull Requires upgrade bull Needs to be provided

Remarks

Surface Water Collection Structures Pumps and Pipelines [72 Applicable ^ NA

Collection Structures Pumps and Electrical

CD Good condition CD Needs Maintenance

Remarks

Surface Water Collection System Pipelines Valves Valve Boxes and Other Appurtenances

CD Good condition CD Needs Maintenance

Remarks

Spare Parts and Equipment

bull Readily available O Good condition Q Requires upgrade bull Needs to be pr vided

Remarks

Treatment System bull Applicable 3 NA

D-10

T

Treatment Train (Check components that apply)

I I Metals removal [72 Oilwater separation [72 Bi remediation

I I Air stripping [Zl Carbon adsorbers

D Filters

I I Additive (eg chelation agent flocculent)

n Others

I I Good condition [7 Needs Maintenance

I I Sampling ports properly marked and fianctional

I I Samplingmaintenance log displayed and up to date

CD Equipment properly identified mdash

I I Quantity of groundwater treated annually

I I Quantity of surface water treated annually

Remarks

Electrical Enclosures and Panels (properly rated and functional)

I I NA [22 Good condition [2 Needs Maintenance

Remarks

3 Tanks Vaults Storage Vessels

I I NA [J] Good condition [] Proper secondary containment [2 Needs Maintenance

Remarks

4 Discharge Structure and Appurtenances

I I NA CD Good condition [72 Needs Maintenance

Remarks

5 Treatment Building(s)

CD NA CD Golt d condition (esp roof and doorways) CD Needs repair

I I Chemicals and equipment properly stored

Remarks

6 Monitoring Wells (pump and treatment remedy)

I I Properly securedlocked [7 Functioning CD Routinely sampled CD Good condition

I I All required wells located CD Needs Maintenance CD NA

Remarks

D Monitoring Data

1 Monitoring Data

3 Is routinely submitted on time ^ Is of acceptable quality

2 Monitoring data suggests

[H Groundwater plume is effectively contained CD Contaminant concentrations are declining

D-

E Monitored Natural Attenuation 1 Monitoring Wells (natural attenuation remedy)

I I Properly securedlocked CD Functioning CD Routinely sampled CD Good condition

CD All required wells located CD Needs Maintenance ^ NA

Remarks X OTHER REMEDIES

If there are remedies applied at the site and not covered above attach an inspection sheet describing the physical nature and condition of any facility associated with the remedy An example would be soil vapor extraction

In September 2009 Helena Chemical Company began a pilot-scale bioremediation treatability study at the Site to test the effectiveness of sulfate reduction and anaerobic xylene degradation to treat residual ground water contamination in the surficial aquifer and the intemiediate aquifer system The pilot study also investigates reductive dechlorination of BHC isomers tlirough addition of facultative anaerobic cultures enhancement of nitrate- iron- and sulfate-reducers and addition of a reduction agent such as zero-valent iron with a pH adjustment The study was scheduled to conclude by the fourth quarter of 2010 and a contingency time of an additional 12 months has been allotted in the treatability study schedule if necessary

XI OVERALL OBSERVATIONS A Implementation of the Remedy

The pesticide source contamination in soil was excavated in 2000 and shipped offsite to an approved disposal facilitv in Louisiana Further soil excavation activities were performed in 2004 and 2005 in order to address sulfiir contamination source areas A pilot study to assess treatability of ground water contamination originating from the fomier sulfur pit area and the former xylene tank area is presently underway Results ofthe study will inform the selection ofthe remedy for ground water at the Site

B Adequacy of OampM A treatability study is presently underway for ground water treatment at the Site OampM activities have yet to commence

Early Indicators of Potential Remedy Problems None

D Opportunities for Optimization None

Site Inspection Team Galo Jackson EPA Region 4 Ed Brister Helena Chemical Conipany Christy Fielden E Inc Sabrina Foster E Inc

D-12

Appendix E Photographs from Site Inspection Visit

Helena Chemical Company office building at the Site

Signs at delivery gate which is secured outside of facility operating hours

E-1

Chemical storage warehouse on site

Fonner sulfur pit area with new chemical warehouse facilities

E-2

Monitoring well in the former sulfiir pit area

Pilot study monitoring wells in the former xylene tank area

E-3

Page 15: Five-Year Review Report Second Five-Year Review Report

Figure 2 Detailed Site Map

~ vHak Area Ground Water Plume Site t

h-V -bull

^

KbullVI^tHl

-

4 ^

See Figure 3 _JSCnSt detail

T--

bdquo bdquo ^ bdquo I

1

I C ^ bullbull

Stauffer Chemical Company (Tampa) Site

Zi

Lagand [ __ ftppronmals Boundary at Suf id A q u h i Gtowid VUMCf Plume L ^ BounMry

17 AjipxiitrratD Boundary of inMimodixe Aqutar System Grcurd Matnr Plume ^ Priaiate WWis Found D i ^ r ^ Sts inapecVon

bull lnlBiniediraquoIeA^u-fcrSyilBT MonlaingwVei Incnaed in Monilonnj Program S SurfcalApufcr Mantarng WBK Incliided in Manitomg Prcgran

^ Weimedisie Aquilei Sysle-n Moiatof Kig Well Not lncjltteltlaquo in Monltonng Progiain pound Suifcal Aqullte Montamo Well Not Inoufled n Monilonrraquo8 Pr agiam

Helena Chemical Company Superfund Site Tampa Hillsborough County Florida

y Disclaimer This map and any boundary lines within the map are approximate and subject to change The map is not a survey The map is for informational purposes only regarding EPAs response actions at the Site and is not intended for any other purpose

14

32 Land and Resource Use

The Site has been used for the manufacture storage and distribution of agricultural products since 1929 The original Site owner Flag Sulfur Company fomiulated a wide variety of insecticides herbicides and fungicides including wettable and dusting sulfur at the Site from 1929 until 1967 Helena Chemical Company acquired the business in 1967 and continued manufacturing operations In 1981 Helena Chemical Company

moved the pesticides herbicides and fiingicides fonnulation operafions to a facility in Georgia in 1981 and the Tampa facility has confinued fomiulating and packaging insecticidal spray oil and liquid fertilizers since that time The Site also serves as Helena Chemical Companys main distribution warehouse for sales locations in the State of Florida

The Site consists of four land parcels within a secured Site perimeter fence The largest of these parcels (65 acres) contains the active Helena Chemical Company offices warehouses and distribufion centers as well as associated paved parking areas This parcel (A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000220) is presenfly zoned for light industrial land uses The Planning Commission serving Hillsborough County the City of Plant City the City of Temple Terrace and the City of Tampa anticipates this parcels fijture land use to be heavy industrial The three smaller parcels forming the Helena Woods area are covered by low grassy vegetation and oak trees and also contain several ground water monitoring wells for the Alaric Site located immediately to the north Two ofthe Helena Woods parcels are listed as being vacant and the third is zoned for a mobile home park The Planning Commission anficipates that all three parcels will be zoned for heavy industrial use in the future North 7P Street fomierly crossed the CSX railroad tracks to the south ofthe Site but the road was closed after an accident at the crossing The street now dead ends at the entrance gate to the tmck loading area on the Helena Cheinical Company property and the closed section of street between the entrance gate and the railroad tracks is included within the Site perimeter fencing

Surrounding land uses predominanfly include various light and heavy industrial uses as well as commercial land uses Small pockets of single family residences are located several blocks to the north and to the west ofthe Site Buildings on the Site and throughout the area impacted by site-related ground water contaniination are connected to municipal water supply lines None ofthe ground water wells impacted by contamination fi^om the Site are used for potable water supply

33 History of Contamination

The facility was built in 1929 as a chemical plant for the production of sulfur and was owned and operated by Flag Sulfur Conipany No historical records regarding the specific products formulated during Flag Sulfijr Company operafions are available but previous facility managers indicated that the conipany manufactured wettable and dusting sulfijr and fomiulated pesticides herbicides fungicides and fertilizers at the Site In 1967 Helena Chemical Conipany purchased the facility fi^om Duval Corporation the owner of Flag Sulfur Company From 1967 to 1981 Helena Chemical Conipany produced

15

wettable and dusting sulfur and fomiulated pesticides herbicides fungicides and fertilizers at the Site The company purchased the raw niaterials fi^oiii suppliers and added solvent emulsifiers andor surfactant to give the finished product certain characteristics required for various applications and strengths

Historically most agricultural chemical fonnulation occurred in the East Warehouse building located in the south central portion ofthe main operating facility parcel The fonnulation process for liquid products would consist of mixing a technical chemical with various solvents a surfactant andor emulsifiers in aboveground mixing vessels in the East Warehouse building Various solvents including xylene and an intemiediate range petroleum solvent called T-500 were used as pesticide carriers or diluents These solvents were stored on site in aboveground storage tanks A 3500-galIon capacity aboveground xylene storage tank was historically located in a benned area to the east of the East Warehouse building This tank was vandalized in 1977 causing a release of xylene to the soil and ground water below

In 1974 Helena Cheinical Company began using a three-tank pollution control system to handle the wash-down waste generated from pesticide manufacturing The wash-down waste consisted primarily of pesticides in a xylene carrier It was diluted with other process water and stonnwater treated vvith caustic soda run through an aeration evaporation treatnient system and finally discharged to the on-site stomiwater retention pond Sludges associated with the treatment system were periodically removed and shipped to the Chemical Waste Management Inc facility in Emelle Alabama for appropriate disposal At an undetemiined time between 1984 and 1988 use ofthe three-tank pollution control system was discontinued

According to the 1996 ROD the on-site stomiwater retention pond may have received some overflow waste from the East Warehouse building before the pollution control tanks were installed in 1974 During construction ofthe retention pond soil in the southeastem portion ofthe Site was removed using backhoes and placed in the Helena Woods area While the Helena Woods area was never used for agricultural chemical fonnulation or packaging contaniination in this area is attributed to the dredge niaterials irom the retention pond and to treatinent with pesticides and herbicides during routine maintenance activities

Dry products were formulated in the east end ofthe West Warehouse building just south ofthe loading dock using a Raymond Mill for grinding and a set of ribbon blenders for mixing Helena Chemical Company would then package the finished product for resale Both Flag Sulfur Company and Helena Chemical Conipany manufactured sulfiir dust and wettable sulfur on site Flag Sulfur Companys operations are largely unknown Helena Chemical Companys sulfur processing operations consisted of transporting molten sulfur to the Site and unloading the sulfur in the fonner sulfijr pit area located south ofthe current central paved courtyard between the West and East Warehouse buildings The sulfur was contained in berms for a period of approximately 48 hours until it had solidified Heavy equipment was then used to break the sulfur into pieces for processing through the Raymond Mill

16

34 Initial Response

In 1976 Helena Chemical Company stopped processing sulfijr products The fomier sulfur pit area was excavated and then filled with clean sand In 1980 the fomiulation of dry fertilizers was also discontinued at the facility In 1981 Helena Chemical Company moved the pesticide herbicide and fungicide fonnulation operation to a company facility in Georgia Since 1981 Helena Chemical Company has fomiulated insecficidal petroleum oil (a 70-viscosity paraffin-based oil with an emulsifier additive) and liquid fertilizers at the Site In addition to products produced at the facility numerous agricultural products are stored in the warehouse prior to distribution to Helena Chemical

- Companys Florida sales offices mdash

In 1984 FDEP inspected the Site and required quarterly monitoring ofthe surficial aquifer From 1988 to 1990 EPA investigated the Site and found pesticide contaniination in the on-site soil sediment and surficial aquifer Based on the potential for hunian exposure via ingestion of contaminated ground water EPA proposed the Site for listing on the NPL in Febmary 1992 and finalized the listing in October 1992

The Florida Department of Health and Rehabilitative Services (FHRS the predecessor of FDEP) in cooperation with the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry prepared a public health assessment for the Site in September 1993 In that report FHRS expressed concem for on-site worker contact with contaminated soil and exposure to sediment and ground water FHRS made several recommendations that additional data should be collected Under a September 1992 Consent Order with EPA Helena Cheinical Coinpany perfonned a RIFS at the Site The primary objectives ofthe invesfigation were to detemiine the nature magnitude and extent of contamination evaluate potential risks to human health and the environinent and evaluate potential cleanup altematives Site operations have remained active throughout site investigations and remedial activities

35 Basis for Taking Action

The results ofthe RIFS documented extensive surface soil and sediment contaniination including pesticides semivolatile organic compounds and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) related to fonner operations by Helena Chemical Company and its predecessors The investigations also documented contamination of ground water in the surficial aquifer and intemiediate aquifer systems with chlorinated pesticides polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons phenols and VOCs A human health risk assessment perfonned by Black and Veatch in 1994 concluded that risks to current and future site workers current and future trespassers and potential future Site residents exceeded acceptable risk and hazard thresholds

17

40 Remedial Actions

In accordance with CERCLA and the NCP the ovemiding goals for any remedial action are protecfion of human health and the environment and compliance with applicable or relevant and appropriate requirements (ARARs) A nuinber of remedial altemafives were considered for the Site fmal selection was made based on an evaluafion ofeach altemative against nine evaluation criteria that are specified in Secfion 300430(e)(9)(iii) ofthe NCP The nine criteria include

L Overall Protectiveness of Human Health and the Environment 2 Compliance with ARARs 3 Long-Tenn Effectiveness and Pennanence 4 Reduction of Toxicity Mobility or Volume of Contaminants through Treatment 5 Short-temi Effectiveness 6 Implementability 7 Cost 8 State Acceptance 9 Community Acceptance

41 Remedy Selection

EPA issued the site-wide ROD on May 7 1996 Based on the results ofthe Sites RIFS EPA detennined that remediation of soil sediment and ground water would be required for the protection of huinan health and the environment Remedial action objecfives (RAOs) established in the ROD for the Site include

bull Restore the Site to beneficial use bull Reduce risk to human health within EPAs acceptable risk range (ie total

residual cancer risk between 1 x 10 to 1 x 10 and maximum individual contaminant Hazard Quotient of 1)

bull Reduce ecological risk bull Protect ground water from continued degradation by Site contaminants

The remedy selected in the Sites 1996 ROD consisted ofthe following remedial components for source control in soil and sediment

Implement institutional controls (ie fencing (cumenfiy considered an engineering control) and deed restrictions) Demolish tank fanii pads east ofthe liquid processing building (East Warehouse) and dispose ofthe debris offsite Excavate material from the fonner sulfur pit and dispose of excavated materials offsite Neutralize soil in place if located in areas where sulfur is present but inaccessible Excavate contaminated surface soil and sediment (zero to two feet) where concentrations exceed soil cleanup goals Biologically treat contaminated surface soil and sediment

bull Place treated soil back on site

Major components ofthe ground water remedy selected in the 1996 ROD include

bull Extract contaminated ground water bull Treat contaminated ground water to meet surface water discharge standards bull Discharge treated ground water to on-site ponds or to the Tampa Bypass Canal

under a National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System pemiit bull Place controls on Site to restrict the use of ground water beneath the Site through

the filing of deed notices in order to limit exposure to contaminated ground water until cleanup goals are met

The 1996 ROD selected cleanup goals for contaminants of concem (COCs) in both ground water and surface soil (Table 2) As Site data suggested that sediments with pesticide contamination attributable to the Site were primarily present in drainage ditches that were typically dry remediation of sediment in Site drainage features was to be managed using the surface soil cleanup goals protective of hunian health The 1996 ROD also selected a confingency remedy for Site soil and sediment If treatability studies demonstrated that the selected biological treatinent remedy could not achieve the performance standards listed in Table 2 low temperature themial desorption (LTTD) was to be used in lieu ofthe biological treatnient

Table 2 COCs and Cleanup Goals

bull bull - y y Contaminant of Concern

44-dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (44-DDT) Aldrin Alpha-benzene hexachloride (Alpha-BHC) Beta-benzene hexachloride (Beta-BHC) Gamma-benzene hexachloride (Gamma-BHC) Chlordane Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane (DDD) Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) Dieldrin Endosulfan 1 Endosulfan II Heptachlor Heptachlor epoxide Total xylenes Toxaphene

Ground Water 7 Cleanup Goal

(micrograms per liter ^gL)

03

005

005

01

02

NA NA NA NA 01

7

2 NA NA 20 NA

Surface Soil and Sediment Cleanup Goal

(milligrams per kilogram mgkg)

NA

018

047

NA

NA

23 126 89 89

019 NA NA 067 034 NA 276

NA not applicable

19

In January 2005 EPA issued an Explanation of Significant Differences (ESD) to modify part ofthe remedy described in the 1996 ROD The purpose ofthe ESD was to modify the xylene cleanup goal for ground water from 20 micrograms per liter (|JgL) per the Florida secondary maximum contaminant level (MCL) to 10000 (igL per the State and federal primary MCL Secondary MCLs are non-mandatory standards under the Superfund prograin and are not enforceable by EPA however they are a component of the State of Floridas drinking water statute State and federal primary MCLs are enforceable standards established to protect the public against consumption of drinking water that presents a risk to huinan health The ESD also called for continued monitoring ofthe effecfiveness ofthe xylene treatnient and for evaluation of further remedial actions should the presence of xylene a solvent mobilize residual soil pesticide contaminants into ground water

42 Remedy Implementation

Remedial design and remedial actions for soil sediment and ground water at the Site are being implemented by the Helena Chemical Company under a 1996 Unilateral Administrative Order An additional Consent Decree was filed in 2005 for EPA to recover past and future costs incurred and to require Helena Cheinical Conipany to pay EPA oversight costs at the Site and at a separate Site in South Carolina also owned by Helena Chemical Coinpany

Soil and Sediment Source Control

In 1999 additional grid-based sampling was conducted in the xylene source area (east of the East Warehouse building) to detemiine the boundaries for the soil removal excavation Bench-scale studies were performed by EPAs Ecosystems Research Division and EPAs Science and Ecosystems Support Division to investigate the effectiveness of incorporating zero-valent iron in soil to facilitate abiotic degradation of chlorinated pesticides These studies were implemented in 1999 but were tenninated early due to lack of measurable COC degradation Helena Chemical Company then explored the option of using the Xenorein bioremediation process which had been successfijlly implemented on the adjacent Stauffer Chemical Co (Tampa) Superfund site The extent of contamination prevented direct application ofthe Xenorem approach at the Site Helena Chemical Conipany learned however that an off-site disposal facility the Waste Management Inc hazardous waste treatment facility in Carlyss Louisiana (facility nuniber LAD0007772010P1) had been authorized to bioremediate wastes in July 1998 and could potentially accept the excavated Site materials for bioremediafion at the off-site facility EPA approved the change from on-site to off-site treatinent and disposal of contaminated soil and sediment in a letter dated Febmary 14 2000

The 1996 ROD had also stipulated LTTD as a contingency soil treatment should biological treatinent be ineffective EPA requested this contingency be explored in 1999 Helena Chemical Coinpany retained Focus Environmental Inc to perfonn the evaluation ofthe contingency treatinent The evaluation concluded that LTTD was not a practical remedy for the Site primarily due to concems related to elevated sulfijr concentrations in

20

soil which would require air pollution controls to remove acid gas generated by the treatnient as well as space limitations on the Site which would not pemiit an efficient layout and operafion ofthe treatment and material handling units

In 2000 Helena Chemical Conipany excavated 7700 tons of pesticide-contaminated soil fi-om the Site including the xylene source area and an additional 600 tons of pesticide-contaminated soil and sediment from the drainage ditch area along the CSX railway right-of-way just south ofthe Site Soil was transported to the Waste Manageinent Inc facility in Carlyss Louisiana for bioremediation andoff-site disposal Surface soils were excavated to a depth of two feet According to the 1996 ROD the water table in the area fluctuates between two and four feet bgs Therefore the excavation of surface soils to two feet bgs would address soil contaminafion above the water table but not contaniination existing below the water table The excavation areas were lined with an --indicator fabric prior to backfilling the areas with clean inaterials and seeded with grass where appropriate

Delineation activifies to detemiine the extent of sulfur contaniination in the fonner sulfur pit area were perfonned from 2001 through 2003 and remedial work was perfomied in two separate phases A metal building covering much ofthe area where sulfijr remedial work was to be perfonned was dismanfled and transported offsite for recycling During phase 1 remedial work performed in 2004 soil and concrete were excavated from the elevated loading dock area and the west side ofthe tank fann for off-site treatinent and disposal During phase II remedial work perfonned in 2005 soil and concrete were excavated from the northem tank fann and fonner warehouse boundaries Approximately 3000 tons of soil and crystallized (fomierly molten) sulfur were removed during the 2004 and 2005 removal activities and also shipped to the Waste Management Inc facility in Carlyss Louisiana for off-site disposal

The 2005 ESD changed the xylene ground water cleanup goal from 20 |JgL to 10000 ^gL Since the presence of xylene in ground water could mobilize residual pesticide contamination in soil into ground water the ESD included post-treatment monitoring of the xylene area This monitoring includes all COCs established in the 1996 ROD and a specific assessment of whether the remaining xylene concentrations are sufficiently low to ensure that cosolvency is not facilitating the transport of residual pesticides that might be lingering in the soil If cosolvency is found to be mobilizing residual pesticide contaminants fi-om soil to ground water this assessment will be used to detennine whether further active treatment of xylene to below the federal and state primary standard is necessary

Ground Water

The ground water remedy described in the 1996 ROD has not yet been implemented at the Site due to discovery of contaminafion and investigations at the adjacent Alaric Site and concems that the selected remedy would potentially cause further contaminafion of the aquifer systems Altemative ground water treatments are currently being investigated in the pilot-scale treatability study underway at the Site Supplemental data collection and

21

ground water plume delineafion studies began in 1998 Ground water sampling perfonned in existing surficial aquifer and intemiediate aquifer system monitoring wells in Febmary 1998 resulted in the installation of additional surficial aquifer wells south of the Site to further delineate the nature and extent of contaniination The results ofthis study also detemiined the need for further investigation of ground water contamination in the xylene area (location of 1977 release immediately east ofthe East Warehouse on the Site Figure 3) in the sulfijr area (locafion ofthe fonner sulfiir pit in central courtyard on the Site Figure 3) and in the intemiediate aquifer system

Field activities to address the recommendations ofthe Febmary 1998 investigation were implemented in April 2001 Eight additional monitoring wells (MW-24 through MW-31 Figure 2) were installed south and east ofthe Site on City of Tampa rights-of-way to monitor the extent of contamination in the surficial aquifer Contamination was also identified in shallow areas ofthe intermediate aquifer system Ground water sampling and supplemental field activities were perfonned from October 2002 through January 2003 These activities included intennediate aquifer invesfigations xylene source area invesfigations downgradient surficial aquifer monitoring well installation and sulfur area invesfigations Additional intermediate aquifer system monitoring wells (MW-32 and MW-33 Figure 2) were installed along Orient Road during a November 2002 comprehensive ground water sampling event The new wells were installed to provide intemiediate monitoring points for xylene pesficide and herbicide contamination

While the 2002 and 2003 field acfivities were being perfonned significant chlorinated solvent contamination from the adjacent Alaric Site was discovered in both the surficial aquifer and intennediate aquifer systems this contamination was commingling with the westem portion ofthe Sites ground water plume The implementation ofthe ground water pump-and-treat remedy selected for the Site had the potential to exacerbate contaminant plume migration from the Alaric Site For this reason EPA detennined that implementation ofthe pump-and-treat remedy for the Site should be delayed until delineation and remediation ofthe surficial aquifer at the Alaric Site is completed

Additional comprehensive ground water sampling events were perfonned in May 2005 to provide a baseline for water quality following complefion ofthe sulfur area removal acfions and in December 2006 to detennine current condifions across the monitoring well network Selected wells were also sampled in March August and November 2007 and January 2008 to gauge the overall effectiveness ofthe sulfur area removal in addressing source contaminafion ofthe surficial aquifer Given the probability that the selected pump-and-treat remedy for ground water at the Site would be incompatible with ground water treatnient activities being designed at the adjacent Alaric Site several altemafive management approaches to address ground water contamination in the sulfur area and associated plume were explored

In June 2009 Helena Chemical Conipany presented EPA with a Pilot Test and Interim Monitoring Work Plan to address ground water contamination without implementing the pump-and-treat remedy EPA approved the Work Plan in August 2009 and implementation began in August 2009 The pilot study is expected to last for one year

22

with an additional one-year contingency period The work plan addresses four critical areas of source control and monitoring the sulfur area the xylene area supplemental monitoring efforts and interim ground water monitoring activities while pilot testing is underway

Sulfijr Area Pilot Study

The pilot study objecfive in the sulfijr area is to detennine whether buffering pH and introducing zero-valent iron will allow natural degradation of benzene hexachloride (BHC) and sulfates in the source area through biological or physical mechanisms Low pH elevated sulfate and residual sulfiir in the sulfur area are thought to be inhibiting natural biological degradation processes and minimizing the physical attenuafion of contaminants within the aquifer-matrix which would typically occur through adsorpfion-and aqueous chemical reactions such as hydrolysis Given the residual sulfur in the soil which continues to act as a long-term source for sulfuric acid sulfate control was required in addition to pH controls Zero-valent iron was selected as the primary pilot study treatment technology for the sulfur area because it has been used effectively to facilitate abiofic degradation of BHCs is effecfive at moderating pH and acts as an oxygen scavenger limiting any future oxidafion of residual sulfur in the soil Additional neutralization with lime andor hydroxides and biological sulfate reduction may also be utilized to control pH levels if necessary

Two sulfur study areas known as the East Plot and the West Plot have been implemented in the central courtyard ofthe Site on either side ofthe fomier sulfur pit location (Figure 3) Each plot consists of eight injection wells Cheinical injections were administered in the third quarter of 2009 and sampling is being conducted at 60-day interals for the 360 days following the injections

Xylene Area Pilot Study

The xylene pilot test was designed to gauge the effectiveness of anaerobic biodegradatlon in degrading xylene and residual BHCs Total xylene concentrafions have declined since the 2000 soil removal action in the former xylene tank area but have remained above cleanup goals Site conditions such as low pH lack of nutrients and lack of electron accepting substrates (eg nitrate iron and sulfate) were thought to be limiting xylene and BHC degradadon The pilot test also sought to increase degradation rates without introducing treatments that would complicate efforts in the adjacent sulfijr pilot study bull area so the xylene treatinent was designed in consideration ofthe existing anaerobic Site conditions

One xylene pilot study area was implemented in the fonner xylene tank area (Figure 3) The plot includes six injection wells and 12 monitoring wells The first round of nutrient and electron acceptor substrate injections was perfonned in the third quarter of 2009 and the second round of injections was perfomied in the fourth quarter of 2009 As with the sulfijr pilot study area sampling is being conducted at 60-day intervals for the 360 days following the first round of injections

23

Monitoring Acfivities

Supplemental monitoring efforts in the work plan include installation of monitoring wells on the Fesfive Floats property located directly south ofthe Site on the opposite side of the CSX railway tracks and addifional investigation to detemiine the northem extent of low pH and elevated sulfate and BHC concentrations Until a revised ground water remedy is selected for the Site interini ground water monitoring activities in both the surficial and intermediate aquifer systems will include sampling every nine months to assess seasonal variability in concentrations and monitor for any changes in COC concentrations

24

Figure 3 Map of Pilot Study Area

r

SWTBD

swTZD s w n u

StfT-HD A I ^ raquoswr3u SWTU

swrsu

West Warehouse

SETTO SET1U

SET3U SETD A y A J

I SETSD

sensD raquo SETsu

5ET7U

X40

XI6D

^^xth 7 -^ ^IZD-- ^

_ X S U X8D B^=^X12tJ bull bull X l fU

X8U xi f lD

Legend

bull Surflclat Adulter Sulfur Arlaquoa P M Test Wall

Surlicii i AquHler Xylene Area Ptky Test Ir^ctnsn MHI

bull Suifidal Aquilei Xylene Area Pikx Tesl Monilming Well

I Sile Bounoaiv J Fee 90 too

L 7WL o NORTH

Figure 3 Site Map

Pilot Study Areas

Helena Chemical Company Superfund Site Tampa Hillsborough County Flonda

Disclaimer This map and any boundary lines within the map are approximate and subject to change The map is not a survey The map is for informational purposes only regarding EPAs response actions at the Site and is not intended for any other purpose

25

43 Operation and Maintenance (OampM)

The 1996 ROD anticipated that the ground water pump-and-treat system would be operated at the Site for a 30-year period and estimated that OampM ofthe system would cost $1289000 over the course ofthe 30 years The ground water remedy selected in the 1996 ROD has not yet been implemented due to developments at the adjacent Alaric Site and ongoing pilot testing at the Site As remedial activities continue with pilot testing there are no OampM acfivities undei-way at the Site and the activities to be addressed in a site OampM plan will depend on the future revised remedy for ground water for the Site

26

50 Progress Since the Last Five-Year Review

The protectiveness statement from the 2006 FYR for the Site stated the following

77^ remedy implemenled at the [Helena Chemical Company Tampa Site currently protects human health and the environment because source area actions implemented for pesticide-contaminated soil and the sulfur pit source area have been completed during this review period Additional evaluations of low pH conditions will be performed to assess the need for supplemental neutralization in conjunction with future groundwater actions No remedial actions for groundwater have been implemented at this time Site data evaluations and remedy evaluations will ensure the remedy will be protective In the interim exposure pathways that could result in unacceptable risks are incomplete Conditions-at the site are not expected to change in the near future given the area s land use (commercialindustrial) However in order for the remedy to be protective in the long term the following actions need to be taken a full evaluation ofthe need for deed reslriclions and if necessary they will be imposed

The 2006 FYR included three issues and recommendafions Table 3 summarizes each recommendation and its current status

Table 3 Progress on Recommendations from the 2006 FYR

Section

51

Recommendations

EPA FDEP and Helena Chemical Company will discuss ground water remedy issues including the need for fijrther assessment of natural attenuation processes Dialogue will generate a priority list for evaluation identify evaluation teclmiques and establish an evaluation timetable Ground water remedy discussions will be initiated by the second quarter of 2006

Parties Responsible

EPA FDEP Helena

Chemical Company

Milestone Date

4302006

Action Taken and Ontcome

Discussions between EPA FDEP and Helena Chemical Company have resulted in the development of a pilot testing work plan to explore treatment options for enliancing biological and physical degradation processes This pilot study was initiated in August 2009

Date of Action

08312009

27

Section

52

53

Recommendations

EPA FDEP and Helena Chemical Company will evaluate ylene source area issues Discussions will include prioritization of any additional RD activities evaluation of remedial cleanup goals etc Xylene remedy discussions will be initiated by the first quarter of 2006

Helena Chemical Company will evaluate the requirements for implementing deed restrictions on the property and whether any remedy-specific requirements must be incorporated into the institutional control A fiill evaluation ofthe need for deed restrictions will be made and if necessary they will be imposed This evaluation will be completed by the fourth quarter of 2006

Parties Responsible

EPA FDEP Helena

Chemical Company

Helena Chemical Company

Milestone Date

4302006

12312006

Action Taken and Outcome-

Pilot test program discussions between EPA FDEP and Helena Chemical Company have resulted in the development of a work plan to explore effectiveness of anaerobic degradation of xylene and BHCs This pilot study was initiated in August 2009

EPA and FDEP are is discussions regarding the restrictive covenant for the Sites soil in order to prevent exposure Land use zoning is consistent vvith soil cleanup criteria and land use is not anticipated to change in the foreseeable future Ground water institutional controls are enforced through an EPA Memorandum of Agreement with the Southwest Florida Water Management District

Date of Action

08312009

Pending

51 Ground Water Remedy Discussions

The ground water pump-and-treat remedy selected in the 1996 ROD has not been implemented due to potential complications arising from commingling ofthe Sites ground water contaminants with those from the adjacent Alaric Site A Pilot Study and Interini Monitoring Work Plan was approved by EPA and implementation began in August 2009 The Work Plan describes the investigafion of chemical injecfions to enhance and facilitate natural physical and biological degradation rates for contaminants in the sulfiir area and in the xylene area The study is designed to assess the following questions

bull Is degradation occurring under pilot conditions

bull Can aquifer geochemistry be adjusted to facilitate remediafion

bull What is the longevity of amendments being injected

28

bull What zone of discharge is developed following injection and what is the expected duration ofthe zone of discharge

The study was scheduled to continue for 12 months with a contingency period of another 12 months if necessary At the conclusion ofthe study these questions will be addressed to detennine next steps in selecting an appropriate ground water remedy for the Site A final report documenting the effecfiveness ofthe first full year ofthe treatability study was not available at the fime this FYR report was drafted therefore a decision regarding whether to implement the additional 12 month contingency period had also not been made

52 Xylene Source Area Discussions

As noted in Section 51 EPA approved the Pilot Study and Interini Monitoring Work Plan in 2009 Per the Work Plan two rounds of nutrient and electron acceptor substrate were injected in the xylene area in late 2009 The injections are expected to enhance natural degradafion rates of xylene and BHCs sampling is being conducted every 60 days The study was scheduled to continue for 12 months with a contingency period of another 12 months if necessary A final report documenting the effectiveness ofthe first full year ofthe treatability study was not available at the time this FYR report was drafted therefore a decision regarding whether to implement the additional 12 month contingency period had also not been made

53 Institutional Controls Evaluation

At the request of FDEP the appropriate land use restrictions for the Site has not been yet been implemented While the ground water remedy is being assessed some interim institutional controls to protect against exposure to ground water contamination have been implemented The Site is presently surrounded by a secured perimeter fence that only pennits access to the property by authorized persons during regular business hours Helena Chemical Company intends to continue Site operations for the foreseeable future and does not intend to sell or lease the property so there is minimal potential for a party to unknowingly become exposed to Site soil or sediment contaniination or to impact the protectiveness ofthe remedial actions already in place The operating facility parcel is zoned light industrial the three Helena Woods parcels are zoned as either vacant land or as a mobile home park The local Planning Commission anticipates all four parcels will be zoned for heavy industrial use in the future which remains consistent with the industrial criteria used in selection of cleanup goals for the Site

EPA has also taken steps to limit the potential for exposure to contaminated Site ground water while ground water treatment pilot testing activities are completed In September 2008 EPA Region 4 and the Southwest Florida Water Management District (SWFWMD) entered into a Memorandum of Agreement regarding Site ground water Per the agreement EPA provides SWFWMD with infonnation regarding the area of ground water impacted or potentially impacted by the Site and SWFWMD acts as the regulatory authority to implement and enforce ground water use restrictions at and near

29

the Site The ground water area impacted by the Site is designated as Zone A marking the contamination zone and Zone B marking a buffer area surrounding Zone A The agreement stipulates that EPA must conduct a well survey of Zones A and B at least once every five years to identify any new wells constructed or operafing since the previous survey EPA remedial project manager (RPM) Galo Jackson conducted the first well survey concurrenfiy with the FYR Site inspection and identified two wells (Figure 2) One well was located along East 9 Avenue on the EQ Florida property in Zone A The second well was located along East 7 Avenue on the RampL Metals property in Zone B SWFWMD was notified of these wells in September 2010 The well in Zone A is currenUypemiitted for industrial use by EQ Florida and the well in Zone B has been plugged and abandoned on the RampL Metals property

SWFWMD has the authority to impose reasonable condifions necessary to protect the applicable water source and to prevent the spread of ground or surface water contaminafion For well construcfion pennits such conditions include prohibiting use of the well as a potable water supply requiring notice to well owners of potential ground water contamination or requiring specific methods ofconstruction Under Florida Administrafive Code (FAC) Rule 40D-3505(3) SWFWMD will deny an application for a well construction pemiit for activity in Zone A if use ofthe well would increase the potential for hanii to public health safety and welfareor if the proposed well would degrade the water quality ofthe aquifer by causing pollutants to spread

30

60 Five-Year Review Process

61 Administrative Components

EPA Region 4 initiated the FYR in May 2010 and scheduled its completion for January 2011 The EPA site review team was led by EPA RPM Galo Jackson and also included EPA site attomey Kevin Beswick EPA Community Involvement Coordinator (CIC) LTonya Spencer and contractor support provided to EPA by Christy Fielden and Sabrina Foster of E Inc In May 2010 EPA held a scoping call with the review team to discuss the Site and itenis of interest as they related to the protectiveness ofthe remedy cunently in place A review schedule was established that consisted ofthe following activities

Community notification Document review Data collection and review Site inspection Local interviews FYR Report development and review

62 Community Involvement

In January 2011 a public notice was published in the Tampa Tribune announcing the commencement ofthe FYR process for the Site providing contact information for RPM Galo Jackson and CIC LTonya Spencer and invifing community participation was published The press notice is available in Appendix B The FYR report will be made available to the public once it has been finalized Copies ofthis docunient will be placed in the designated site repository University of South Florida Library located at 4202 East Fowler Avenue Tampa Florida 33620 Upon completion ofthe FYR a public notice will be placed in the Tampa Tribune to announce the availability ofthe final FYR report in the Sites document repository

63 Document Review

This FYR included a review of relevant site-related documents including the ROD remedial action reports and recent monitoring data A complete list ofthe documents reviewed can be found in Appendix A

ARARs Review

Section 121(d)(2)(A) of CERCLA specifies that Superfund remedial actions must meet any federal standards requirements criteria or limitations that are detennined to be applicable or relevant and appropriate requirements (ARARs) ARARs are those standards criteria or limitations promulgated under federal or state law that specifically address a hazardous substance pollutant contaminant remedial action locafion or other circumstance at a CERCLA site To-Be-Considered criteria (TBCs) are non-promulgated

31

advisories and guidance that are not legally binding but should be considered in detennining the necessary level of cleanup for protection of human health or the environment While TBCs do not have the status of ARARs EPAs approach to detemiining ifan RA is protective of hunian health and the environment involves consideration of TBCs along with ARARs

Chemical-specific ARARs are specific numerical concentration restrictions on individually listed contaminants in specific media Examples of chemical-specific ARARs include the MCLs specified under the Safe Drinking Water Act as well as the ambient water quality criteria enumerated under the Clean Water Act Because there are usually numerous contaminants of potential concem for any Site various numerical quanfity requirements can be ARARs The final remedy selected for this Site was designed to meet or exceed all chemical-specific ARARs and meet location- and action-specific ARARs

Ground Water

According to the 1996 ROD cleanup goals for the nine ground water COCs were selected to ensure that remaining ground water concentrations would not exceed the 1 x 10~ risk level for carcinogens a Hazard Quotient (HQ) of 1 for non-carcinogens under an industrial land use scenario The cleanup goals for 44-DDT endosulfan 1 and endosulfan II were selected based on health-based criteria The site-specific health-based cleanup goal for 44-DDT was less stringent than Floridas ground water guidance and the ROD notes that the cleanup goal may need to be revisited in the future to obtain FDEPs agreement with deletion ofthe Site from the NPL upon completion of cleanup activities

Cleanup goals for aldrin alpha-BHC beta-BHC and dieldrin were based on the Florida Groundwater Guidance Concentration which is a TBC for the Site The cleanup goal for total xylene listed in the 1996 ROD was selected based on the State secondary MCL but was later modified in the 2005 ESD to be consistent with federal and State primary MCLs The cleanup goal for gamma-BHC was selected based on federal and State MCLs

The ARARs for aldrin alpha-BHC beta-BHC and dieldrin were compared to the current Florida Groundwater and Surface Water Contaminant Cleanup Target Levels (62 FAC 777) which is the cuirent State guidance on acceptable ground water contaminant concentrations (Table 4) The ARARs for all four of these COCs have become more stringent since the signing ofthe 1996 ROD The cleanup goals for gamma-BHC and total xylene were compared with National Primary Drinking Water regulations (40 CFR 141-143) and FDEP Drinking Water Standards Monitoring and Reporting Requirements (62 FAC 550310) The cleanup goals for gamma-BHC and total xylene remain the same as in the 1996 ROD and 2005 ESD respectively This review did not find that the assumptions used in calculation ofthe site-specific health-based cleanup goals for 44-DDT endosulfan I and endosulfan II had changed

32

Table 4 Previous and 2010 ARARs for Ground Water COCs

Contaminant of Concern bull bull bull bull ^ - gt J j J bull

44-DDT Aldrin Alpha-BHC Beta-BHC Gamma-BHC Dieldrin Endosulfan I Endosulfan II Total xvlenes

1996 ROD ARAROigL)

03 005 005 01 02 01 2 2

20

2005 ESD ARAR (ugL) r

mdash -mdash mdash mdash mdash mdash mdash

10000

2010 ARAR (UgL)

03 0002 0006 002 02-

0002= 2 7

10000

ARAR Change y - y bull

None More Stringent More Stringent More Stringent

None More Stringent

None None None

a Site-specific health-based standaid selecled to ensure tlial remaining ground waler concenirations would nol exceed lhe 1 x 10 risk level for carcinogens an HQ of 1 Ior non-carcinogens or the inslRimenl quantitation limit under an industrial land use scenaiio

b Cleanup goal selecled based on Florida Groundwater Guidance Concenlralion which is a TBC for ihc Sile c Cleanup goal selecled based on federal and Florida MCLs d Cleanup goal selected based on Florida secondary MCLs e Florida Groundwater and Surface Waler Cleanup Target Levels are available al

lmpAvwwdepslatenuswasicqiiick ionicsrulcsdocunieiils62-777TablelGroundwalciCTLs4-l 7-05ndllaccessed 8122010) A comparison of Floridas 1999 and 2005 Groundwater and Surface Waler Cleanup Target Levels is available al hllpu-vvvvdenslatenuswaslequick lopicsnublicalionswcbrownlicldsConipTabiesGroundwalerandSurli ccVValerCieaniipTartJelL evelspdf

f Cunent MCLs are based on federal (40 CFR 141-1431 and slate (62 FAC 550310) drinking waler slandards Federal standards are based on Nalional Primary and Secondaiy Drinking Waler Maximum Contaminant Levels (IU(p7valcrcpacovdrinkconlaininanlsindexcrniSLisi accessed S122010) and slale standards are based on Florida Slale Drinking Waler Synthetic Organic Conlajuinanls and their Slandards (hU|iwwwdcpslalciluswalerdrinkinswalersvn conlum accessed S122010)

g Gamma-BHC is lisied as lindane in federal and state MCLs

64 Data Review

Confinnatory sampling for the 2000 pesticide area removal action and for the 2004 and 2005 sulfijr area removal actions was perfonned immediately following the removals Surface soil and sediment with COC concentrations above industrial use cleanup goals had been effectively removed and no further sampling or OampM activities are required for surface soil and sediment

Ground water pilot test activities cunently underway include baseline sampling and four subsequent sampling events for the sulfur area (Table 5) and the xylene area (Table 6) The treatability study sampling events have been implemented as follows

Baseline sampling in August 2009 60-Day Event sampling in November 2009 120-Day Event sampling in January 2010 180-Day Event sampling in March 2010 and 240-Day Event sampling in May 2010

The pilot test is invesfigating methods for the biological and physical degradation of Site contaminants Follow-up sampling analyzes various aqueous geochemical parameters in addition to contaminant concentrations Per the EPA-approved work plan routine sampling analyses include four of the nine ground water COCs alpha-BHC beta-BHC

33

gamma-BHC and total xylenes in addition to various other contaminants and break-down products

In both the sulfur area and the xylene area ground water concentrations of alpha-BHC beta-BHC and gamma-BHC have predominantly remained consistent with baseline sampling levels and largely remain elevated above cleanup goals for the Site In the sulfur area total xylene concentrations in ground water when detected are well below the cleanup goal of 10000 igL The xylene release at the Site occurred downgradient from the fomier sulfur pit and these low concentrations of xylene are consistent with expectations for this area In the xylene area total xylene concentrations are responding to the treatment showing declines below the cleanup goal in several wells (eg X3U X5U X9U and XI IU) but showing increasing concentrations in other wells (eg X6D X7U and X8D) Only data fromthe first nine months ofthe treatability study were mdash available at the time this FYR report was being drafted detennination ofthe effectiveness of these treatments must wait until the study has been completed

Ofthe site-related VOCs present in the ground water plume only xylene and possibly ethylbenzene are present in the surficial aquifer and poses a potential vapor intrusion concem Remedial contractor EnSafe Inc included an updated total xylene plume map as Figure 5-5 in the 2009 Pilot Test and Interim Monitoring Work Plan This figure shows that concentrations at or above the xylene ground vater cleanup goal are located on the Helena Chemical Conipany property along the CSX Railroad right-of-way or under the railroad tracks The few buildings within this plume area are open-sided warehouse structures on the Helena Chemical Company property and thus a vapor intmsion assessment has not been necessary

Table 5 Sulfur Area Pilot Test COC Detections in Ground Water to Date

Well Sampled

Sampling Event

(Cleanup Goal)

COCs and Detected Concentrations (pgL)

Alpha-BHC

(005 pgL)

Beta-BHC -yy (01 pgL)

Gamma-BHC

(02 pgL)

Total Xylenes

(10000 pgL)

Ecw Plot Wells

SETIU

SET2D

SET3U

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

23 D

31

17

19

24

44 D

39

26

26

38

22

19

33 J

36 1

4

25

29

12 D

045

056

059

086

3

41

43 J

68

42

57

52

11 D

066

044

047

07

55

39 1

191

NA

0461

NA

31

U

NA

033 I

NA

082

58

NA

34

J y -Well

Sampled

SET4D

SET5U

SET6D

SET7U

SET8D

Sampling Event

(Cleanup Goal)

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

1 so-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

y y j COCs and Detected Concentrations (pgL)

Alpha-BHC

(005 pgL)

17

17

28

41 D

62

37

3

37

21 D

bull 17

13

26

34

97 D

46

44

28

63

12

14

11

11

14

47

36

32

39

47

Beta-BHC

(OI pgL)

33

21

3

061 J

15

094

0461

- 068

36

41

47

4

61

12

12

095

078 1

075

13

16 1

13

15

15

087

073

064

08 1

076

Gamma-BHC

(02 pgL)

44

341

57

074 J

087

12

046 1

- - 052

39

37 1

31

51

48

11

082 1

05

04 1

043

32

27

28

23

28

1

14

11

1 I

095

Total Xylenes

(10000 pgL)

86

NA

7

171

NA

11 1

NA

036

64

NA

3

NA

39

25

NA

76

NA

56

21

NA

35

NA

15

U

NA

33

NA

17

laquocv Plot Wells

SWTIU

SWT2D

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

1 so-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

19 IJ

099

14

13

22

048 J

U

U

0031

063 J

053

052

06

075

023 J

U

U

014

U

032

038

03

059

U

U

U

000941

U

NA

U

NA

U

0441

NA

07 1

NA

35

Well Sampled

SWT3U

SWT4D

SWT5U

SWT6D

SWT7U

SWT8D

-bull i

Sampling Event

(Cleanup Goal)

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

COCs and Detected Concentrations (pgL)

Alpha-BHC

(005 pgL)

U

075 J

18

13

14

22

073

018 --

U

U

U

51

U

16

41

18

037 J

073

056

057

061

039

029

045

059

073

028

02

015

016

011

Beta-BHC

(01 pgL)

U

021

079

035

033

047

036

- 0094

U

U

U

26

23

093

022 1

036

029 1

033

022

U

026

03

039

047

057

051

U

013

011

U

0056

Gamtiia-BHC

(02 pgL)

U

u 029

0084

019

022

U

012

011

012

U

24

24

08

052

U

U

0031 I

U

U

U

U

U

u u u u

00171

002 I J

U

U

Total Xylenes

(10000 pgL)

U n

NA

U

NA

069

U

NA

U

NA

U

72

NA

73

NA

60

36

NA

U

NA

U

U

NA

U

NA

U

92

NA

U

NA

U

D value reported from second diluiion 1 eslimaled valuebelow reporting limil J eslimaled value NA nol analyzed U undetected fitilic- COC was detected bul concentration was below cleanup goal

36

Table 6 Xylene Area Pilot Test COC Detections in Ground Water to Date

yy-

J j Well Sampled

XIU

X2D

X3U

X4D

X5U

X6D

X7U

Sampling Event

(Cleanup Goal)

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

_Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

COCs and Detected Concentrations (pgL)

Alpha-BHC

(005 pgL)

8 D

NA

NA

56

NA

71

NA

NA

58 J

NA

15D

NA

NA

15

NA

12D

NA

NA

23

NA

78 D

NA

NA

44 J

NA

52 D

NA

NA

28 J

NA

61 D

NA

NA

46

NA

Beta-BHC

(01 pgL)

19 D

NA

NA

13 J

NA

17

NA

NA

17J

NA

3 J

NA

NA

36

NA

13J

NA

NA

13 1

NA

093 ID

NA

NA

08 J

NA

091 ID

NA

NA

07 J

NA

12D

NA

NA

089

NA

Gamma-BHC

(02 pgL)

U

NA

NA

U

NA

071 I

NA

NA

14 J

NA

046 J

NA

NA

bull056

NA

42 J

NA

NA

82

NA

U

NA

NA

O I J

NA

38 D

NA

NA

2 J

NA

U

NA

NA

U

NA

Total Xylene

(10000 pgL)

200

13

11

23

29

180

56

54

150

42

23000

11000

13000

1400

4500

19000

12000

19000

22000

15000

18000

21000

20000

3200

13000

3000

1100

6000

40000

3000

24000

31000

37000

81000

34000

37

Well Sampled

X8D

X9U

bull XIOD

X l l U

X12D

Sampling Event

(Cleanup Goal)

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

Baseline Event

60-Day Event

120-Day Event

180-Day Event

240-Day Event

COCs and Detected Concentrations (pgL)

Alpha-BHC

(005 pgL)

57

NA

NA

21 J

NA

39

NA

NA

53

NA

43

NA

NA

59

NA

81

NA

NA

49

NA

39

NA

NA

56

NA

Beta-BHC

(01 pgL)

14

NA

NA

018 U

NA

021 I

NA

NA

026 J

NA

049

NA

NA

061 I

NA

097

NA

NA

075 1

NA

064 1

NA

NA

093 ID

NA

Gamma-BHC

(02 pgL)

12

NA

NA

057 U

NA

025 1

NA

NA

017 J

NA

45

NA

NA

7

NA

U

NA

NA

U

NA

16

NA

NA

34

NA

Total Xylene

(10000 pgL)

960

7100

27000

19000

5700

22000

14000

35000

2700

950

770

260

780

760

540

14000

3800

1600

600

11000

4900

250

I I00

5800

9300 D value reponed from second dilution 1 eslimaled value below reponing limit J estimated value NA nol analyzed U not applicable Ilalics COC was delecled bul concenlralion was below cleanup goal

38

65 Site Inspection

On July 8 2010 the site inspection was perfomied by the following participants Galo Jackson of EPA Region 4 Edward Brister ofthe Helena Chemical Coinpany and Christy Fielden and Sabrina Foster of E~ Inc The completed Site inspection checklist is available in Appendix D Photographs were taken of site features including monitoring wells and access controls (Appendix E)

The Site has been in continuous operation since 1929 as an agricultural chemical manufacturing and distributing facility The bulk of chemical fonnulation activifies have been moved off-site to a different Helena Cheinical Coinpany facility in Georgia however some formulation and packaging of insecticidal spray oil and liquid fertilizers still occur at the Site The Site also serves as Helena Chemical Companys main-distribution warehouse for sales locations in the State of Florida

The Site inspection was led by Mr Ed Brister the Engineering Safety Health and Environment Director for the Helena Chemical Company who provided a tour ofthe full Helena Chemical Coinpany property indicating where remedial actions had been implemented and explaining the locations and associated activifies of current pilot testing for the ground water treatability study Several monitoring and injection wells were located during the Site inspection all active site wells were properly secured or had been appropriately abandoned Injection and monitoring wells for the adjacent Alaric Site were noted on the Helena Woods area ofthe Site but were not inspected since they are related to a different site The Site is well maintained and has a secure perimeter fence and clear signage in place Unauthorized persons are restricted from accessing the property outside of regular business hours

Evaluation and implementafion of institutional controls were discussed during the Site inspection Several interim institutional controls have been implemented for the Site and final institutional controls including land use restrictions will be evaluated and implemented if necessary once the current pilot-scale ground water remedy treatability study has concluded and a revised ground water remedy has been selected Zoning designations and the Helena Chemical Companys intention to continue operations at the Site for the foreseeable future liniit the potential for inappropriate land uses or on-site operations incompatible with remedy components in place EPA has also implemented ground water institutional controls through a Memorandum of Agreement with SWFWMD

On July 7 2010 E Inc staff conducted research regarding Site deed infonnation at the Hillsborough County Deed Records Office The approximately eight-acre Site is situated on four parcels of land 1) 65-acre Parcel A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000220 2) 088-acre Parcel A-14-29-I9-4CA-000000-000320 3) 092-acre Parcel A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000330 and 4) 017-acre Parcel A-14-29-19-4CE-000003-000010 (Figure 4) Deed records for the four parcels could not be located in the online database or microfilm collection at the deeds office Galo Jackson EPA RPM for the Site was infonned that the deeds could not be located and conducted a title search for the property through EPA

39

databases but was also unable to locate deed records According to the Hillsborough County Property Appraisers Office all four parcels are presently owned by Helena Chemical Company The active cheinical distribufion warehouse is located on Parcel A-14-29-19-4CA-000000-000220

On July 8 2010 E Inc staff visited the designated local Site repository at the University of South Florida Library located at 4202 East Fowler Avenue Tampa Florida 33620 as part ofthe site inspection The site repository contained fourteen volumes of administrative documents and other infonnation pertaining to the Site This infomiation included documentation ofthe initial remedial investigation and feasibility study as well as a copy ofthe 1996 ROD The 2005 ESD and 2006 FYR could not be located at the time ofthe Site inspection but were provided to the library by RPM Galo Jackson on January 212011

The 1996 ROD called for institutional controls to be put in place as part of both the soil and sediment remedy and the ground water remedy (Table 7) According to the ROD soil and sediment institutional controls were to include deed restrictions Fencing was to provide an engineering control The Site is presently surrounded by a secured perimeter fence and access gates are locked outside of nonnal business hours The operating facility parcel is currently zoned as light industrial and the Helena Woods parcels are zoned as vacant land and a mobile home park The local Planning Commission anficipates rezoning all four parcels for heavy industrial use The fiature anficipated land use is consistent with the industrial exposure criteria used in the selection of Site cleanup goals The ROD also called for deed restrictions to restrict the use of site-impacted ground water on and off the Site in order to limit exposure to contaminated ground water until cleanup goals are achieved EPA and FDEP are in discussions regarding the restrictive covenant in order to prevent fijture exposure to Site soil A 2008 Memorandum of Agreement between EPA Region 4 and SWFWMD addresses the need to restrict the use of site-related ground water The agreement establishes regular communication between the two agencies and affinns SWFWMDs regulatory authority to implement and enforce ground water use restrictions at the Site This authority addresses well constmction pemiits restrictions on use of wells for potable water supply and requirements that well owners be notified of ground water contaniination that may impact their wells At the request ofthe FDEP once the treatability study is completed and a revised ground water remedy for the Site has been selected the need for additional ground water institutional controls will be reevaluated and the existing institutional controls will be modified or new institufional controls will be implemented as appropriate

40

Figure 4 Site Parcel Map

c

ir Pirtplm ( ^ r | [ i Vjrtrl ID ^r-iti-v-lt 14UtKu^iraquoiii 0

A u raquo114CA O cac i ao aociit o

1 U raquo 19 4CilltXXgt0la 000130

1laquo2raquo lraquo-CIltCT0lf7 0iraquo(l l

M laquo n lt ) laquo l lt raquo i i o D r poDin o bull i 4 m laquo - laquo i F o o a n i j - a x u ^ i

A 1lt 2 19 ICAdWOOO tUGStO

laquo bull raquo 2raquo 1laquo bullCtOOOOOI-OXWlO

laquollaquo-raquo-19-fCAltraquo)0CWgt-00Mlaquo C

A14-V41V( I 40uai IKAll lO

AM 29 1V4CE aJDOM aODIIlJ)

laquo Ll 29 raquo 2ZZ D a m B 7K1D9

laquobull I t-J ]9-4claquoltnnraquoiKnraquo o

A-i4-raquo-]laquoltif (KU)ittMraquoaii] u A 14 J 9 14 laquoCA IXHIraquoDC(Xrli t

A 14 29 1raquo 4CA OOOOOOOMUO

raquo 1 4 29-19-4CE OOOOOI-OWWO A- l J9- )bullbulllaquo s wnmn-flooiM t A 14-29- UI4ig4IOOM94UOraquolgt

A 14 2laquo 19 4C9 OODOOl 400070

M-raquo-H 4C8laquo)000(K)OOaj I

A r H - i S i v - t c A H n x i M m i i a i A^14)l|1laquo-t(jt-0(lIMCH3Xl^ I

14 2 raquo 19-4Cpound 000001000012

A U 29- U 4 a OOOOOKXWOl-O

raquo 14 29 19 -4a oaoooraquolaquo)oolaquoo

14 j m ^ c o o n w i ^ n o i o n

A-14-2ltl-tW l-UCtitKMfiOagtlil Atlt29 iraquo4(xiioaaoii-iioagtio

A 14 29 1raquo4CA DOaOOO-OOQlSJ

A-tlaquo ZHIUCA-IKOOIXMKICOZ 0

AH-Jlaquoltllaquoiiraquo-TOKIC8-0lltIlU 0

A-]429iezzz-i)iiaxB-7Moao

A 14 29 194CAlaquoXI00Ca0ata0

A 1429^ i9-4CA-iicaaixi-ooa2a 2

A14 29-19 4CHIOOlaquogt7KIlaquoIraquo 0

A-14 JV tlaquo-laquoii -uxiot-nnDi i

A14 2laquo ilaquo-4CAiiooacii]-aaoigo A 14 23 LO 4CMI00Oraquo OOOOlO

A 14 29-isacE-oooora-aotrao

A-t4-ii-lraquo-laquo A-ooooawwoK o

A lA-2V^lraquot(A-Igt]ltKcll-IIIiaiI I

A 14-29 19-raquoCf oocoos acooi-o

A 14 29 19 ACI OOmOl-OCOOll

A-W-29-19-4CI-aXK)07-OOOOTjO

Arl4-Jraquo llti-4n-O30O3V00COI c

A l4 2raquo l9 4Ulaquoraquo006-OOOa24l

A 14 29 19 4 a 000004 OOOOSjO

A 14 29-19-4CC-D0O00aOO0a3lCI

A t raquo 29-19-laquotA4laquoIO0OT-00CO9O

bull i4-2raquo^iltM( A-oniucu IXUltl 0

A 14 2raquo 19gt4CA4gt0O(ICa OOOISXI

A 14 raquo 1raquo4CA DOOOOO 00014 1

Legend

I Site Parcels

I ^ _ J site Boundary

AjiprowmatBBoundary o tSurfc ia l Aquiter Ground Whter Pfume |

Approximate Boundary of in tennedia te Aquieet Sys t em Ground w a t e r R u m e

A i Parcels

Helena Chemical Company Superfund Site Tampa Hillsborough County Florida

Disc la imer Th i s m a p and any b o u n d a r y l ines w i th in the m a p a re a p p r o x i m a t e a n d subject to c h a n g e T h e m a p is not a survey T h e m a p is for

informat ional pu rposes only r ega rd ing E P A s r e s p o n s e ac t ions at t h e Si te and is not in tended for any o the r purpose

41

Table 7 Institutional Control (IC) Summary Table

Media

Ground Water

Soil and Sediment

ICs Needed

Yes

Yes

ICs Called for in the Decision Documents

Yes

Yes

IC Objective

Restrict use of contaminated ground water to limit exposure until cleanup goals are achieved

Restrict land uses to industrial or similar

The 1996 ROD also listed fencing as an institutional control for soil and sed not been included above because it is considered an engineering control

Instrument in Place

The 1996 ROD called for deed notices as the institutional control instrument These have not been implemented However a 2008 Memorandum of Agreement between EPA and SWFWMD confirms SWFWMDs regulatory authority to restrict well constmction restrict well use as a potable water source and requiring that well owners benotified of ground water contamination that may impact their wells This authority applies to on-site parcels as well as off-site parcels covering the entire area affected by site-related ground water contamination

The land use restrictions called for in the 1996 ROD have not been implemented however Helena Chemical Company has maintained operations at the Site tliroughout remedial activities and intends to continue Site operations for the foreseeable future A restrictive covenant will be placed on the Site to ensure the Site is only used for industrial purposes The operating facility parcel is presently zoned for light industrial use and all four parcels will soon be rezoned for heavy industrial use which is consistent with the industrial exposure criteria used in selecting cleanup goals for the Site A secure perimeter fence restricts access to the Site limiting the potential for inadvertent soil exposure

ment source control however this has

42

66 Interviews

During the FYR process interviews were conducted with parties impacted by the Site including the current landowners and regulatory agencies involved in Site activities or aware ofthe Site The purpose ofthe interviews was to document the perceived status of the Site and any perceived problems or successes with the phases ofthe remedy that have been implemented to date Intei^views with Mr Jackson and Mr Brister were conducted during the site inspection on July 8 2010 Interviews with Ms Milicic and Ms Yeargan were conducted via e-mail on August 23 2010 and September 27 2010 respectively Several nearby businesses were also contacted but declined or did not have interest in being interviewed about the Site Interviews are summarized below and complete interviews are included in Appendix C

Galo Jackson Mr Jackson is the EPA RPM for the Site Mr Jackson indicates that a pilot-scale treatability study for site ground water is presently underway Results are being routinely shared with EPA and FDEP while there have been many challenges and it is still too early to detennine whether the treatments being explored can effecfively address ground water contamination he is hopeful that the treatments will be successful He has not received any complaints or inquiries from the community in the past five years and is not aware of any effects the Site may have had on the surrounding community He is pleased with the regular updates and infonnation he receives from the remedial contractor EnSafe Inc

Edward Brister Mr Brister is the Engineering Safety Health and Environinent Director for the Helena Chemical Conipany Mr Brister indicates that he is pleased with progress at the Site and believes that the remedial activities taken to date are perfomiing successfully He feels well infonned about activities and progress at the Site He does not know of any effects that the Site has had on the surrounding cominunity beyond the potential for Superfiind stigma which is common at many similar sites Mr Brister indicates that there is one residence in the area ofthe Site and that the owners a couple had expressed concems to him in the past He notes that the couple was temporarily relocated during removal activities in 2000 and again during sulfijr area removal actions in 2004 and 2005 Other than his discussions with the couple who were temporarily relocated he has not heard any complaints or concems from the cominunity regarding the Site

Karen Milicic Ms Milicic is the FDEP project manager for the Site Ms Milicic thinks that activities at the Site are making progress in addressing site COCs She is aware ofthe treatability study work that is presently underway and feels very well infonned regarding progress at the Site She believes that it is sfill too early to comment on the effectiveness ofthe current treatments being explored for ground water at the Site as the treatability study has not yet concluded She is not aware of any complaints or inquiries regarding the Site over the last five years

Mary Yeargan Ms Yeargan is the Environmental Protection Commission of Hillsborough County project manager for the Site Ms Yeargan has been involved at the

43

Site for many years and participated in the previous 2006 FYR site inspection She indicates that the Site is situated in an area that is impacted by multiple Superfijnd sites as well as other facilities that contribute to blight in the area She acknowledges that the Site may contribute to some more general community concems about the presence of Superfijnd sites in the area but she does not think that the Site specifically has been the source of concem within the larger area Since the 2006 FYR Ms Yeargan has received one complaint about potential ground water contaniination that a community member thought may have resulted from one ofthe area Superfund sites The well was tested by the Department of Public Health contamination was not detected in the sampling and the well was found to be safe for continued use She is not aware of any changes in laws or land use in the area that would impact the Site Given the shortage of lands available for heavy industrial uses she thinks it would be unlikely for the zoning ofthe parcels that compose the Site-to be changed to anything other than heavy industrial-She feels welf infomied about site activities and remains in regular communication as needed with EPA RPM Galo Jackson

44

70 Technical Assessment

71 Question A Is the remedy functioning as intended by the decision documents

The review of documents ARARs risk assumptions and the Site inspection indicate that the Sites soil remedy is functioning as intended by Site decision documents for soil and sediment Pesticide-contaminated surface soil and sediment at the Site and the adjacent CSX railway line east drainage ditch were excavated and shipped offsite for biological treatment and disposal Contaminated soil and residual sulfur were also excavated and shipped offsite for disposal Since there is commingling ofthe Sites ground water plumes with those ofthe adjacent Alaric Site the pump-and-treat ground water remedy selected in the 1996 ROD may not cunently be appropriate to implement at the Site until

- the Alaric Sites plumes have been remediated Helena Chemical Conipany proposed a pilot-scale treatability study to evaluate the feasibility of biological and physical ground water contaminant degradation The Work Plan for this treatability study was approved by EPA in August 2009 The study is currently underway and was scheduled to conclude by the fourth quarter of 2010 with a contingency period of another 12 months if necessary A final report documenting the effectiveness ofthe first fijll year ofthe treatability study was not available at the time this FYR report was drafted therefore a decision regarding whether to implement the additional 12 month contingency period had also not been made The final results ofthe treatability study will be used to infonn the selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site In the event that the treatability study is not successful EPA may consider additional avenues to approach remediation including additional excavation

The 1996 ROD selected the implementation of institutional controls in the form of deed restrictions for soil sediment and ground water to limit exposure to site-related contamination Fencing was also required by the 1996 ROD Land use restrictions have not been implemented for the Site however some interim institutional controls to protect against exposure to ground water contamination have been implemented Helena Chemical Company intends to confinue Site operations for the foreseeable future and has no intention to sell lease or transfer any portion ofthe Site Cunent and future zoning designations are consistent with the industrial land use criteria used in selection of Site COC cleanup goals In 2008 EPA entered into a Memorandum of Agreement with the SWFWMD The document confirms SWFWMDs regulatory authority to place restrictions on well placement and constmction Through shared infomiation between the two agencies SWFWMD can make infomied pennitting and enforcement decisions to prevent exposure to ground water contamination that could pose a risk to hunian health No impacted ground water wells are used for potable water buildings at the Site and in the surrounding area are connected to municipal water supply lines The need for additional institufional controls will be evaluated upon selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site

The Site is well-maintained and is surrounded by a secured perimeter fence with signs restricting access Access is limited to authorized persons during regular business hours

45

All site-related wells are secured or if no longer operational have been properly abandoned

72 Question B Are the exposure assumptions toxicity data cleanup levels and remedial action objectives (RAOs) used at the time of remedy selection still valid

The ARARs for four ofthe nine ground water COCs aldrin alpha-BHC beta-BHC and dieldrin have become more stringent since the signing ofthe 1996 ROD During the current ground water treatability study both alpha-BHC and beta-BHC have been detected at levels greater than the RODs less stringent cleanup goals for these COCs Remedial activities at the Site have allowed the continued industrial use ofthe property and have reduced ecological risk at the Site The selection of a revised ground water remedy is required before achieving the remaining two RAOs 1) protection of ground water from continued degradation by Site contaminants and 2) reduction of risk to human health within EPAs acceptable risk range Residual soil contamination remains present below the water table and the ground water plume continues to exceed cleanup goals The industrial land use at the Site and in the surrounding area is unchanged since the ROD was signed therefore the exposure assumpfions are still valid Benzene and ethylbenzene are being detected in the groundwater at concentrations above the primary drinking-water standards

73 Question C Has any other information come to light that could call into question the protectiveness ofthe remedy

No other infomiation has come to light that could call into question the protectiveness of the remedy

74 Technical Assessment Summary

The review of documents ARARs risk assumptions and the Site inspection indicate that the Sites soil remedy is functioning as intended by Site decision documents for soil and sediment Pesticide-contaminated surface soil and sediment at the Site and the adjacent CSX railway line east drainage ditch were excavated and shipped offsite for biological treatment and disposal Contaminated soil and residual sulfur were also excavated and shipped off-site for disposal Since there is commingling ofthe Sites ground water plumes with those ofthe adjacent Alaric Site the pump-and-treat ground water remedy selected in the 1996 ROD may not currently be appropriate to implement at the Site until the Alaric Sites plumes have been remediated Helena Chemical Company proposed a pilot-scale treatability study to evaluate the feasibility of biological and physical ground water contaminant degradafion The work plan for this treatability study was approved by EPA in August 2009 The study is currenfiy underway and was scheduled to conclude by the fourth quarter of 2010 vvith a contingency period of another 12 months if necessary A final report documenting the effectiveness ofthe first full year ofthe treatability study was not available at the time this FYR report was drafted therefore a decision regarding whether to implement the additional 12 month contingency period had also not been made The final results ofthe treatability study will be used to infonn the selection of a

46

revised ground water remedy for the Site In the event that the treatability study is not successful EPA may consider addifional avenues to approach remediation including additional excavation

The ARARs for four ofthe nine ground water COCs aldrin alpha-BHC beta-BHC and dieldrin have become more stringent since the signing ofthe 1996 ROD During the current ground water treatability study both alpha-BHC and beta-BHC have been detected at levels greater than the cuirent less-stringent cleanup goal for these COCs Remedial activities at the Site have allowed the continued industrial use ofthe property and have reduced ecological risk at the Site The selection of a revised ground water remedy is required before achieving the remaining two RAOs 1) protection of ground water from confinued degradation by Site contaminants and 2) reduction of risk to

-human health within EPAs acceptable risk range Residual soil contaniination remains present below the water table and the ground water plume continues to exceed cleanup goals The industrial land use at the Site and in the surrounding area has not changed since the ROD was signed therefore the exposure assumptions are still valid

The 1996 ROD selected the implementation of institutional controls in the fomi of deed restrictions for soil sediment and ground water to liinit exposure to site-related contamination Fencing was also required by the 1996 ROD Land use restrictions have not been implemented for the Site however some interim institufional controls to protect against exposure to ground water contamination have been implemented Helena Chemical Company intends to continue Site operations for the foreseeable future and has no intention to sell lease or transfer any portion ofthe Site Current and future zoning designations are consistent with the industrial land use criteria used in selection of site COC cleanup goals In 2008 EPA entered into a Memorandum of Agreement with the SWFWMD The document confinns SWFWMDs regulatory authority to place restrictions on well placement and constmction Through shared infonnation between the two agencies SWFWMD can make infonned pemiitting and enforcement decisions to prevent exposure to ground water contamination that could pose a risk to hunian health No impacted ground water wells are used for potable water buildings at the Site and in the surrounding area are connected to municipal water supply lines The need for additional institutional controls will be evaluated upon selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site

The Site is well-maintained and is surrounded by a secured perimeter fence with signs restricting access Access is limited to authorized persons during regular business hours All site-related wells have been secured or if no longer operational have been properly abandoned

47

80 Issues

Table 8 summarizes the current site issues

Table 8 Current Site Issues

Issue

A revised ground water remedy for the Site has not been selected or implemented and sampling events continue to detect COC concentrations in ground water that are greater than cleanup goals Land use restrictions for the Site have not yet been implemented

Affects Current Protectiveness

(Yes or No)

No

No

Affects Future Protectiveness

(Yes or No)

Yes

Yes

48

90 Recommendations and Follow-up Actions

Table 9 provides recommendations to address the current site issues

Table 9 Recommendations to Address Current Site Issues

Issue

A revised groundshywater remedy for the Site has not been selected or mdash implemented and sampling events continue to detect COC concentrations in ground water that are greater than cleanup goals

Land use restrictions for the Site have not yet been implemented

Recommendations Follow-Up Actions

- At the conclusion ofthe current pilot study evaluate results and if appropriate docunient the selection of a revised ground water remedy for the Site

A restrictive covenant will be concluded designed to ensure the Site remains industrial

Party Responsible

PRP

PRP

Oversight Agency

EPA

EPA

Milestone Date

01312012

01312012

Affects Protectiveness

(Yes or No) Current

No

No

Future

Yes

Yes

49

100 Protectiveness Statements

The Sites remedy currently protects huinan health and the environment in the short-tenn because it is functioning as intended by the Sites decision documents for soil and sediment Source materials have been excavated and removed for off-site treatment and disposal The selected ground water remedy has not yet been implemented due to concems with promoting migration ofthe ground water plume from the neighboring Alaric Site A pilot-scale bioremediafion treatability study is underway and will hopefully aid in the selecfion of a revised ground water remedy for the Site The affected surficial aquifer in the vicinity ofthe Site is not used for potable water supply and area residents and businesses are connected to municipal water supply In order for the remedy to be protective in the long-tenn issues conceming implementation of a revised ground water remedy and institutional controls should be addressed

50

110 Next Review

This Site is a statutory Site that requires ongoing FYRs as long as waste is left on site that does not allow for unrestricted use and unlimited exposure The next FYR will be due within five years ofthe signatureapproval date ofthis FYR

51

Appendix A List of Documents Reviewed

CERCLA Infonnafion System Site Infomiation accessed from website httpcfpubepa^ovsupercpadcursitescsitinfocfinid=0400674 Accessed May 12 2010

EPA Record of Decision Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) EPA ID FLD053502696 Prepared by US EPA Region 4 May 7 1996

Explanation of Significant Differences Helena Chemical Superfund Site Tampa Hillsborough County FL Prepared by US EPA Region 4 January 27 2005

First Five-Year Review Report for Helena Chemical Company Tampa Hillsborough County Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for US EPA Region 4 January 31 2006 mdash

First Quarter 2010 Pilot Test Implementation Report Helena Chemical Company Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Chemical Conipany July 7 2010

Fourth Quarter 2009 Pilot Test Implementation Report Helena Chemical Company Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Chemical Coinpany March 12 2010

Memorandum of Agreement between the US Environmental Protection Agency Region 4 Superfund Division and the Southwest Florida Water Management District September 11 2008

Pilot Test and Interini Monitoring Work Plan for the Helena Chemical Conipany Superfund Site Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Chemical Company June 30 2009

Pilot Test Implementation Report Helena Cheinical Company Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Chemical Company December 22 2009

Second Quarter 2010 Pilot Test Implementation Report Helena Chemical Conipany Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Chemical Company September 23 2010

Third Quarter 2009 Pilot Test Implementation Report Helena Chemical Company Tampa Florida Prepared by EnSafe Inc for Helena Cheinical Coinpany December 22 2009

A-l

Appendix B Press Notice

y PRoA^

U S Environmental Protection Agency Region 4 Announces a Five-Year Review for

the Helena Chemical Company Superfund Site Tampa Hillsborough Countj Florida

PurposeObjective The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is conducting a Five-Year Review ofthe remedy for the Helena Chemical Company Superfuiid site (Site) in Tampa Florida The purpose ofthe Five-Year Review is to ensure that the selected cleanup actions effectively protect human health and the environment

Site~Background The Site covers approximately eight acres and is located in the Orient Park industrial area in Tampa Floiida The ~ facility was built in 1929 as a chemical plant for the production of sulfur The initial owners manufactured wettable and dusting sulfur and formulated pesticides herbicides fungicides and fertilizers at the facility Helena Chemical Company purchased the property in 1967 and continued these manufacturing operations until 1981 The company moved its pesticide herbicide and fiingicide formulation operations to Georgia in 1981 but has continued to fonnulate insecticidal petroleum oil and liquid fertilizers at the facility Former manufacturing operations by Helena Chemical Company and its predecessors resulted in soil and ground water contamination EPA placed the Site on the National Priorities List (NPL) in October 1992

Cleanup Actions In 1996 EPA signed the Record of Decision (ROD) for the Site which selected a remedy to clean up contaminants by excavating and treating contaminated soils disposing of sulfur-contaminated soils offsite neutralizing soil pH and containing ground water contamination to prevent off-site migration Between 2000 and 2005 more than 10000 tons of contaminated soils were excavated for treatment and soils with sulfur contamination were disposed of off site After the soil removals lime was incorporated into remaining on-site soils to neutralize the sulfuric acid present four feet below the land surface However the addition of lime appears to have had minimal effect on areas with low pH Design ofthe ground water treatment system was delayed due to the need to distinguish between source contamination at the Site and source contaniination emanating from another Superfijnd site the Alaric Area Ground Water Plume site which is located adjacent to the Site Ground water sampling conducted in 2007 concluded that pesticide concentrations at the Site continue to exceed cleanup goals established in the ROD and require remedial action Several pilot-scale treatability studies commenced in 2009 and are presently underway

Five-Vear Review Schedule The National Contingency Plan requires that remedial actions that result in any hazardous substances pollutants or contaminants remaining at the Superfimd Sites above levels that allow for unlimited use and unrestricted exposure be reviewed every five years to ensure the protection of human health and the environment The second ofthe Five-Year Reviews for this Site will be completed in January 2011

EPA invites community participation in the Five-Year Review process EPA is conducting this Five-Year Review to evaluate the effectiveness ofthe Sites remedy and to ensure that the remedy remains protective of human health and the environment As part ofthe Five-Year Review process EPA staff are available to answer any questions about the Site Community members who have questions about the Site or the Five-Year Review process or vvho would like to participate in a community interview are asked to contact

Galo Jackson Remedial Project Manager LTonya Spencer Community Involvement Coordinator Phone 404-562-8937 Phone 404-562-8463 1 -800-435-9234 (toll free) E-mail jacksongaloMjepauov E-mail spencerlatonva(5)epagov

Mailing Address EPA Region 4 Sam Nunn Atlanta Federal Center 61 Forsyth St SW Mail Code 9T25 Atlanta GA 30303-8960

Site information is also available at the Sites local document repository at University of South Florida Library 4202 East Fowler Avenue Tampa Florida 33620 and online at httpwvwepcigovi-egion4wasteitplitplflshelenafl-hlin

B-

Appendix C Interview Forms

Interview Form 2011 Five-Year Review - Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) Site Tampa FL

Site Name Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) EPA ID No FLD053502696 Interviewer Name Sabrina Foster Affiliation E Inc Subjects Name Galo Jackson Affiliation EPA Region 4 Subjects Contact Information iacksongalo(fl)epagov Time 915 am Date July 8 2010 Type of Interview (Circle one) In Person Phone Mail Other Location of Interview Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) site

IVIiat is your overall impression ofthe project In tenns ofthe pilot-scale treatability study for water the project is on schedule We are getting results back having them reviewed but it is still too early to tell what the final result will be The treatability study has been challenging but I am hopeful that it will work

2 What effect has this site had on the surrounding community ifany^7 None that 1 am aware of

3 How well do you believe the remedy currently in place is performing7 Do you believe the monitoring data show the remedys effectiveness^ As 1 said before we are still working on the treatability study so it is really too early to tell The study is still in early stages

4 Are you aware of any complaints or inquiries regarding environmental issues or the remedial action from residents since implementation ofthe cleanup 1 have not received any in the last five years

5 Are you aware of any changes in projected land use at or near the site No as far as I know it is all still zoned for heavy industrial use

6 Do you feel well informed about the site y activities and progress Yes EnSafe are the remedial contractors and they do a good job keeping me well-in fonn ed

7 Do you have any commenis suggeslions or recommendations regarding the sile s management or operation Not really The treatability study is underway and 1 am hopeful that it will work

C-1

Site Name Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) EPA ID No FLD053502696 Interviewer Name Sabrina Foster Affiliation E Inc Subjects Name Ed Brister Affiliation Helena Chemical Company Subjects Contact Information bristere(laquo)helenachemicacom Time 900 am Date July 8 2010 Type of Interview (Circle one) In Person Phone Mail Other Location of Interview Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) site

1 What is your overall impression ofthe project My impression is that it is good and has been a successful project

2 What e f f y has this site had on the surrounding community ifany mdash We dont know of any effect on the surrounding community Certainly there hasnt been

an effect on human health At any site like this you are going to have stigma issues but we dont hear any concerns out ofthe community about it

3 How well do you believe the remedy currently in place is performing 1 think it is doing well

4 Are you aware of any complaints or inquiries regarding environmental issues or the remedial action from residents since implementation ofthe cleanup Yes During the implementation ofthe cleanup the soil excavations we did hear of concems Irom a neighbor [Resident 1] We addressed her concems by temporarily moving her and her husband from their home for a couple of months to a location south of here We temporarily moved the [residents] twice once during the big removal in 2000 and again during the excavation and removal ofthe sulfur area in 2004-2005

5 Are you aware of any changes in projected land use at or near the site No not for here or for the surrounding areas

6 Do you feel well informed about the site s activities and progress Yes

7 Do you have any commenis suggestions or recommendations regarding the site f management or operation No

C-2

SiteName Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) EPA ID No FLD053502696 Subjects Name Karen Milicic Affiliation FDEP Subjects Contact Information 850-245-8931 Time 913 am Date August 23 2010 Type of Interview (Circle one) In Person Phone Mail Other E-mail Location of Interview Tallahassee FL

What is your overall impression ofthe project Good appear to be making progress on addressing the contaminants of concem

2 How well do you believe the remedy currently in place is performing Still too early to tell basedon recent lab data

3 Are you comfortable with the institutional controls required for the Site and their current status of implementation Yes at this time

4 Are you aware of any complaints or inquiries regarding environmental issues or the remedial action from residents in the last five years No not aware of any complaints andor inquiries regarding the Site

5 Has your office conducted any Site-related activities or communications in the last five years If so please give purpose and results of these activities Yes to attend a site visit with EPA RPM Galo Jackson

6 Are you aware of any changes to state laws that might affect the protectiveness ofthe remedy Are you aware of any changes in projected land use at the Site Not at this fime

7 Do you feel well informed about the Site 5 activities and progress Feel very well infomied regarding the progress ofthe Site

8 Do you have any comments suggestions or recommendations regarding the Site s management or operation None at this time

C-3

Site Name Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) EPA ID No FLD053502696 Interviewer Name Sabrina Foster Affiliation E^ Inc Subjects Name Mary Yeargan Affiliation Environmental Protection

Commission of Hillsborough County Subjects Contact Information yearganm(fl)epchcorg Time 330 pm Date September 27 2010 Type of Interview (Circle one) In Person Phone Mail Other

What is your overall impression ofthe project My overall impression is that it is continuing along as it has been

2 What are your views about current site condition problems or related concerns mdash 1 was onthe site visit for the last FYR so I am familiar with the-Site and the Five-Year

Review process I think that things are continuing to move forward at the Site with the treatments underway

3 What effect has this site had on the surrounding community This is a blighted community and certainly the presence of a Superfund site contributes to the perception of blight But Helena is not the only Superfund site in the area there is also Stauffer Chemical Florida Steel Alaric as well as the jail and all the bail bonds places So there is blight in the community but it is npt a direct result of Helena

4 Has the local government received any citizen complaints or inquiries regarding environmental issues or activities at this site I havent received any specific complaints nothing about Helena in particular The calls I get largely concem other specific Superfund sites in the area or just the presence of Superfijnd sites in general I did receive a call in 2008 firom a resident who was concemed about well water and whether the presence of Superfijnd sites in the area meant that the water was contaminated Again they didnt specifically mention Helena just Superfund sites in general We called the Department of Public Health to come out and sampled the well and there was no contamination present

5 Have there been routine communications or activities (site visits inspections reporting activities etc) conducted by your office regarding the site If yes please give purpose and results No

6 Are you aware of any changes to local laws that might affect the protectiveness ofthe remedy Are you aware of any changes in projected land use at the Site No Im not aware of any changes to local laws that would impact the Site Helena continues to operate so that land use hasnt changed and I dont imagine that the land use zoning would be changed to anything other than heavy industrial There is a limited amount of space available for heavy industrial so they are going to keep any land already zoned for that purpose

C-4

7 Do you feel well informed about the Sites activities and progress If not what methods would you recommend EPA use to disseminate more information Sure

8 Do you have any comments suggestions or recommendations regarding the project None I have worked with Galo for some time and let him know right away if there are any complaints

C-5

Appendix D Site Inspection Checklist

FIVE-YEAR REVIEW SITE INSPECTION CHECKLIST

I SITE INFORMATION

Site name Helena Chemical Co (Tampa Plant) Date of inspection July 8 2010

Location and Region Tampa FL Region 4 EPA ID FLD053502696

Agency office or company leading the five-year review EPA Region 4 Weathertemperature Clear skies sunny 85F

Remedy Includes (Check all that apply) I I Landfill covercontainment [XI Access controls IXI Institutional controls Xl Groundwater pump and treatment I I Surface water collection and treatment Xl Other Soil excavation and off-site disposal

I I Monitored natural attenuation XI Groundwater containment [~| Vertical banier walls

ttachments XT] Inspection team roster attached I I Site map attached

II INTERVIEWS (Check all that apply)

1 OampM site manager Name Title

Interiewed 77 at site [d at office Q by phone Phone no Problems suggestions XU Report attached

mmddvgtvv Date

OampM staff Name Title

Interviewed O at site J at office XU by phone Phone no Problems suggestions [d Report attached

mmddyyvv Date

D-

3 Local regulatory authorities and response agencies (ie State and Tribal offices emergency response office police department office of public health or environmental health zoning office recorder of deeds or other city and county offices etc) Fill in all that apply

Agency FDEP Contact

Problems

Agencv Cont c t Problems

Agency Contact

Problems

Aeencv Contact

Problems

Agency Contact

Problems

Karen Milicic Name

suggestions bull Report attached

Name suggestions 1 1 Report attached

N me suggestions bull Report attached

Name suggestions bull Report attached

Name suggestions CD Report attached

Proiect Manager Title

see Appendix C

8232010 Date

Title

Title see Appendix C

Date

mdash

Date

Title see Appendix C

ate

Title see Appendix C

Date

850-245-8931 Phone No

Phone No

Phone No

Phone No

Ph iieNo

4 Other interviews (optional) bull Report attached

EPA Region 4 Galo Jackson Remedial Project Manager 782010 404-562-8937

Helena Chemical Company (PRP) Ed Brister Director of Engineering Safety Health 782010901-537-8600

and Environment

III ON-SITE DOCUMENTS amp RECORDS VERIFIED (Check all that apply)

1 O amp M Documents

n OampM manual D Readily available bull Up to date

1 1 As-built drawings O Readily available Q Up to date

n Maintenance logs Q Readily available []] Up to date

Remarks

^ N A

K | N A

E ] N A

2 Site-Specific Health and Safety Plan bull Readily available ^ Up to date D NA

n Contingency planemergency response plan bull Readily available ^ Up to date O NA

Remarks

3 O amp M and OSHA Training Records Q Readily available D Up to date lEI NA

Remarks

D-2

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

1

Permits and Service Agreements

r~l Air discharge pemiit

bull Effluent discharge

n Waste disposal POTW

1 1 Other pemiits

Remarks

Gas Generation Records

Remarks

Settlement Monument Records

Remarks

Groundwater Monitoring Records

r~1 Readily available

n Readily available

77 Readily available

[y Readily available

[72 Readily available

[y Readily available

Q Readily available

Remarks Ground water monitoring records are available for the feasibilitv and intemiittent monitoring records from

n Up to date

bull Up to date

n Up to date

n Up to date

n Up to date

n Up to date mdash bull -

IC] Up to date

[ 3 NA

^ N A

KNA

KNA

13 NA

S N A

KINA

study currently underway sampling to confirm the effectiveness of soil remedial

actions are also available Since a revised ground water remedy for the Site has not vet been or implemented long-temi monitoring o

Leachate Extraction Records

Remarks

Discharge Compliance Records

selected f ground water remedy effectiveness has not yet begun 1

n Readily available

bull Air n Readily available bull Up to date

bull Water (effluent) bull Readily available bull Up to date

Remarks

Daily AccessSecurity Logs

Remarks

IV

OampM Organization

1 1 State in-house

n PRP in-house

1 1 Federal Facility in-house

n

X3 Readily available

OampM COSTS

1 1 Contractor for State

n Contractor for PRP

bull Up to date KNA

KlNA

^ N A

bull Up to date

1 1 Contractor for Federal Facility

KINA

D-3

-gt

3

OampM Cost Records

1 1 Readily available

1 1 Funding mechanist

Original OampM cost es

From mniddvYw

Date

From mmddNyyy

Date

From mnidd-w-w

Date

From mmddyvY

Date

From mmddyvw

Date

Unanticipated or Unu

Describe costs and reas

n Up to date

nagreement in place CH Unavailable

imate | 1 Breakdown attached

Total annual cost by year for review period

To mmddyvw

Date Total cost

To mmddN-vw

ate Total cost

To mmddyvw

Date Total cost

To mmddvvNv

Date Total cost

To mmddyvw

Date Total cost

iually High OampM Costs During Review P

ons

if available

bull Breakdown aitached

1 1 Breakdown attached

- 1 1 Breakdown attached

1 1 Breakdown attached

CH Breakdown attached

eriod

V ACCESS AND INSTITUTIONAL CONTROLS ^ Applicable D NA

A

1

B

1

C

Fencing

Fencing damaged Q Location shown on site map ^ G

Remarks Fencing surrounds entire property gates are secured outsi

Other Access Restrictions

Signs and other security measures O Location s

Remarks Access signs are posted near entry gates

Institutional Controls (ICs]

ues secured CD NA

de of operation hours

10wn on site map CD NA

D-4

Implementation and enforcement

Site conditions imply ICs not properly implemented

Site conditions imply ICs not being fully enforced

Type of monitoring (eg self-reporting drive by)

Frequency

Responsible partyagency

Contact

Name Title

Reporting is up-to-date

Reports are verified by the lead agency

Specific requirements in deed or decision documents have been met

Violations have been reported

Other problems or suggestions CD Report attached

D Y e s

D Y e s

No D NA

No D N A

mrrvaoyy

Date D Yes

DYes

DYes

DYes

wv Phone no

D N O

D N O

D N O

D N O

DNA

Q N A

DNA

DNA

2 Adequacy ^ ICs are adequate O ICs are inadequate CD NA

Remarks The 1996 ROD calls for institutional controls in the fomi of site deed restrictions to limit exposure to ground water contamination until cleanup goals are achieved The ROD also calls for fencing to limit access and exposure to site soil contamination At the request ofthe FDEP land use restrictions for the Site have not yet been implemented however some interim institutional controls lo protect against exposure to ground water contamination have been implemented EPA signed a Memorandum of Agreement with the SWFWMD affimiing SWFWMDs regulatory authority to restrict well construction and well use for potable water at and in the area ofthe Site Secure perimeter fencing provides an engineering control to restrict access to the Site The risk for exposure is minimal because surface soil has been remediated the Helena Chemical Company has continued site operations and plans to continue industrial activities at the Site into the foreseeable ftiture and current and future land use zoning is consistent with the industrial cleanup criteria used in the selection of site cleanup goals

A treatability study is currently underway to help detennine the revised remedy for ground water Once this remedy has been selected and decision documents have been appropriately updated Helena Chemical Company EPA the slate and Hillsborough County will evaluate changes to existing institutional controls and addition of new institutional controls for the Site as well as impacted ground water area as appropriate

D General

Vandalismtrespassing

Remarks

I I Location shown on site map No vandalism evident

2 Land use changes on site

Remarks

NA

3 Land use changes off site

Remarks

^ N A

VI GENERAL SITE CONDITIONS

Roads Applicable D NA

D-5

1

B

Roads damaged

Remarks Paved aspha

Other Site Conditions

[y] Location shown on site map ^ Roads adequate Q NA

It roads are used for access to warehouses and the office building on site

Remarks

A

1

T

3

4

5

6

7

8

VII

Landfill Surface

LANDFILL COVERS D Applicable [^ NA

Settlement (Low spots)

Arial extent

Remarks

Cracks

Lengths

Remarks

Erosion

Arial extent

Remarks

Holes

Arial extent

Remarks

Vegetative Cover

1 1 No signs of stres

Remarks

Alternative Cover

Remarks

Bulges

Arial extent

Remarks

s

1 1 Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

Widths

CD Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on sit map

CH Grass

1 1 TreesSlirubs (indicate size and loi

amiored rock concrete etc)

Xy Location shown on site map

rn Settlement not evident

Depth

CD Cracking not evident

Depths

CD Erosion not evident

Depth

CD Holes not evident

Depth

1 1 Cover properly established

bullations on a diagram)

DNA

CD Bulges not evident

Height

Wet AreasWater Damage bull Wet areaswater damage not evident

bull Wet areas

CD Ponding

n Seeps

bull Soft subgrade

Remarks

CD Location shown on site map

1 1 Location shown on site map

1 1 Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

Arial extent

Arial extent

Arial extent

Arial extent

D-6

9

B

1

2

3

C

1

1

3

4

5

Slope Instability

1 1 No evidence of slope

Arial extent

Remarks

n Slides

instability

CD Location shown on site map

Benches D Applicable ^ NA

(Horizontally constructed mounds of earth placed across a steep landfill side slope to interrupt the slope in order to slow down the velocity of surface runoff and intercept and convey the runoff to a lined channel)

Flows Bypass Bench

Remarks

Bench Breached

Remarks

Bench Overtopped

Remarks

CD Location shown on site map

bull Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

CD NA or okay

bull NA or okay

1 j NA or okay

Letdown Channels bull Applicable ^ NA

(Charaiel lined with erosion control mats riprap grout bags or gabions that descend down the steep side slope ofthe cover and will allow the runoff water collected by the benches to move off of the landfill cover without creating erosion gullies)

Settlement (Low spots)

Arial extent

Remarks

Material Degradation

Material type

Remarks

Erosion

Arial extent

Remarks

Undercutting

Arial extent

Remarks

Obstructions

bull Location shown on sit

Size

Remarks

CD Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

CD Location shown on site map

Type

e map Arial extent

CD No evidence of settlement

Depth

[H No evidence of degradation

Arial extent

bull No evidence of erosion

Depth

CD No evidence of undercutting

Depth

1 1 No obstmctions

D-7

6

D

1

2

3

4

5

E

1

9

3

Excessive Vegetative Growth Type

CD No evidence of excessive growth

CD Vegetation in channels does not obstmct flow

CD Location shown on site map Ari

Remarks

al extent

Cover Penetrations XC Applicable ^ NA

Gas Vents bull Active

CD Properly securedlocked Q Functioning

CD Evidence of leakage at penetration

Remarks

Gas Monitoring Probes

CD Properly securedlocked CD Functioning

CD Evidence of leakage at penetration

Remarks

Monitoring Wells (within surface area of landfill)

CD Properly securedlocked [ID Functioning

1 1 Evidence of leakage at penetration

Remarks

Extraction Wells Leachate

CD Properly securedlocked CD Functioning

1 1 Evidence of leakage at penetration

Remarks

Settlement Monuments Q Located

Remarks

Gas Collection and Treatment CD Applicable

Gas Treatment Facilities

n Passive

CD Routinely sampled

CD Needs Maintenance

CD Routinely sampled

CD Needs Maintenance

bull Routinely sampled

CD Needs Maintenance

CD Routinely sampled

1 1 Needs Maintenance

CD Routinely sureyed

^ N A

1 1 Flaring CD Themial destmclion

CD Good condition CD Needs Maintenance

Remarks

Gas Collection Wells Manifolds and Piping

CD Good condition CD Needs Maintenance

Remarks

Gas Monitoring Facilities (eg gas monitoring o

CD Good condition

DNA

- - bull

CD Good condition

DNA

1 1 Good condition

DNA

CD Good condition

DNA

DNA

CD Collection for reuse

Fadjacent homes or buildings)

CD Good condition CD Needs Maintenance CD NA

Remarks

D-8

F

1

2

G

1

1

3

4

H

1

2

I

1

9

3

Cover Drainage Layer bull Applicable ^ NA

Outlet Pipes Inspected CD Functioning

Remarks

Outlet Rock Inspected CD Functioning

Remarks

DetentionSedimentation Ponds bull Applicable

Siltation Area extent Depth

1 1 Siltation not evident

Remarks

Erosion Area extent Depth

CD Erosion not evident

Remarks

Outlet Works bull Functioning

Remarks

Dam CD Functioning

Remarks

Retaining Walls D Applicable ^ NA

Deformations CD Location shown on site map

Horizontal displacement Vertical di

Rotational displacement

Remarks

Degradation [C Location shown on site map

Remarks

Perimeter DitchesOff-Site Discharge [C Applicable

Siltation CD Location shown on site map

Area extent

Remarks

Vegetative Growth bull Location shown on site map

CD Vegetation does not impede flow

Area extent

Remarks

Erosion bull Location shown on site map

Area extent

Remarks

DNA

DNA

^ N A

DNA

DNA

DNA

J Deformation not evident

splacement

CD Degradation not evident

13 NA

CD Siltation not evident

Depth

DNA

Type

CD Erosion not evident

Depth

D-9

4 Discharge Structure Q Functioning bull NA

Remarks

VIII VERTICAL BARRIER WALLS D Applicable ^ NA

1

2

IX

A

1

2

3

B

1

bull )

3

C

Settlement CD Location shown on site map CD Settlement not evident

Area extent Depth

Remarks

Performance Monitoring Type of monitoring

bull Perfomiance not monitored

Frequency CD Evidence of breaching

Head differential

Remarks

GROUNDWATERSURFACE WATER REMEDIES g] Applicable Q NA

Groundwater Extraction Wells Pumps and Pipelines X Applicable ^ NA

Pumps Wellhead Plumbing and Electrical

CD Good condition CD Ail required wells properly operating CD Needs Maintenance CD NA

Remarks

Extraction System Pipelines Valves Valve Boxes and Other Appurtenances

bull Good condition O Needs Maintenance

Remarks

Spare Parts and Equipment

bull Readily available bull Good condition bull Requires upgrade bull Needs to be provided

Remarks

Surface Water Collection Structures Pumps and Pipelines [72 Applicable ^ NA

Collection Structures Pumps and Electrical

CD Good condition CD Needs Maintenance

Remarks

Surface Water Collection System Pipelines Valves Valve Boxes and Other Appurtenances

CD Good condition CD Needs Maintenance

Remarks

Spare Parts and Equipment

bull Readily available O Good condition Q Requires upgrade bull Needs to be pr vided

Remarks

Treatment System bull Applicable 3 NA

D-10

T

Treatment Train (Check components that apply)

I I Metals removal [72 Oilwater separation [72 Bi remediation

I I Air stripping [Zl Carbon adsorbers

D Filters

I I Additive (eg chelation agent flocculent)

n Others

I I Good condition [7 Needs Maintenance

I I Sampling ports properly marked and fianctional

I I Samplingmaintenance log displayed and up to date

CD Equipment properly identified mdash

I I Quantity of groundwater treated annually

I I Quantity of surface water treated annually

Remarks

Electrical Enclosures and Panels (properly rated and functional)

I I NA [22 Good condition [2 Needs Maintenance

Remarks

3 Tanks Vaults Storage Vessels

I I NA [J] Good condition [] Proper secondary containment [2 Needs Maintenance

Remarks

4 Discharge Structure and Appurtenances

I I NA CD Good condition [72 Needs Maintenance

Remarks

5 Treatment Building(s)

CD NA CD Golt d condition (esp roof and doorways) CD Needs repair

I I Chemicals and equipment properly stored

Remarks

6 Monitoring Wells (pump and treatment remedy)

I I Properly securedlocked [7 Functioning CD Routinely sampled CD Good condition

I I All required wells located CD Needs Maintenance CD NA

Remarks

D Monitoring Data

1 Monitoring Data

3 Is routinely submitted on time ^ Is of acceptable quality

2 Monitoring data suggests

[H Groundwater plume is effectively contained CD Contaminant concentrations are declining

D-

E Monitored Natural Attenuation 1 Monitoring Wells (natural attenuation remedy)

I I Properly securedlocked CD Functioning CD Routinely sampled CD Good condition

CD All required wells located CD Needs Maintenance ^ NA

Remarks X OTHER REMEDIES

If there are remedies applied at the site and not covered above attach an inspection sheet describing the physical nature and condition of any facility associated with the remedy An example would be soil vapor extraction

In September 2009 Helena Chemical Company began a pilot-scale bioremediation treatability study at the Site to test the effectiveness of sulfate reduction and anaerobic xylene degradation to treat residual ground water contamination in the surficial aquifer and the intemiediate aquifer system The pilot study also investigates reductive dechlorination of BHC isomers tlirough addition of facultative anaerobic cultures enhancement of nitrate- iron- and sulfate-reducers and addition of a reduction agent such as zero-valent iron with a pH adjustment The study was scheduled to conclude by the fourth quarter of 2010 and a contingency time of an additional 12 months has been allotted in the treatability study schedule if necessary

XI OVERALL OBSERVATIONS A Implementation of the Remedy

The pesticide source contamination in soil was excavated in 2000 and shipped offsite to an approved disposal facilitv in Louisiana Further soil excavation activities were performed in 2004 and 2005 in order to address sulfiir contamination source areas A pilot study to assess treatability of ground water contamination originating from the fomier sulfur pit area and the former xylene tank area is presently underway Results ofthe study will inform the selection ofthe remedy for ground water at the Site

B Adequacy of OampM A treatability study is presently underway for ground water treatment at the Site OampM activities have yet to commence

Early Indicators of Potential Remedy Problems None

D Opportunities for Optimization None

Site Inspection Team Galo Jackson EPA Region 4 Ed Brister Helena Chemical Conipany Christy Fielden E Inc Sabrina Foster E Inc

D-12

Appendix E Photographs from Site Inspection Visit

Helena Chemical Company office building at the Site

Signs at delivery gate which is secured outside of facility operating hours

E-1

Chemical storage warehouse on site

Fonner sulfur pit area with new chemical warehouse facilities

E-2

Monitoring well in the former sulfiir pit area

Pilot study monitoring wells in the former xylene tank area

E-3

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