Five Pillars of IslamFive Pillars of Islam

Arabic NameArabic Name ShahadahShahadah SalahSalah ZakahZakah SawmSawm HajjHajj

MeaningMeaning Declaration Declaration of faithof faith

Ritual PrayerRitual Prayer Welfare Welfare payment to payment to

needyneedy

Fasting in Fasting in RamadanRamadan

Pilgrimage to Pilgrimage to Makkah Makkah (Mecca) (Mecca)

How often How often must this be must this be

done??done??

Throughout Throughout your lifeyour life

Five times Five times dailydaily

Once a yearOnce a year One One specified specified month a month a

yearyear

Once in a Once in a lifetimelifetime

The PillarsThe Pillars

Called the Five Pillars of Islam because Called the Five Pillars of Islam because they support Islam, just as physical pillars they support Islam, just as physical pillars hold up a roofhold up a roof

Muslims believe God commanded them to Muslims believe God commanded them to do these duties for their own gooddo these duties for their own good

ShahadahShahadah Translation: Translation: There is There is

no god but Allah, no god but Allah, and Muhammad is and Muhammad is the Prophet of Allahthe Prophet of Allah

Duty to declare the Duty to declare the two great beliefs of two great beliefs of Islam: Oneness of God Islam: Oneness of God and prophethoodand prophethood

Muslims are to make Muslims are to make sure the words of the sure the words of the Shahadah can be seen Shahadah can be seen and heard across the and heard across the Muslim worldMuslim world

Words appear on Flags, mosque walls, in Words appear on Flags, mosque walls, in public buildings and in homes.public buildings and in homes.

They are the first words a baby hears after They are the first words a baby hears after birth, repeated in the call to prayer, used birth, repeated in the call to prayer, used in prayers and should be the final words a in prayers and should be the final words a Muslim speaks or hears before deathMuslim speaks or hears before death

Anyone who stands in front of witnesses Anyone who stands in front of witnesses and makes this statement of faith and makes this statement of faith considered a Muslimconsidered a Muslim

This is the foundation of Islam while other This is the foundation of Islam while other 4 pillars are putting Shahadah into practice4 pillars are putting Shahadah into practice

Some Shi’ah Muslims add “…and Ali is the Some Shi’ah Muslims add “…and Ali is the Friend of God.” to the end of the ShahadahFriend of God.” to the end of the Shahadah

SalahSalah This Pillar commands This Pillar commands

Muslims to pray 5 Muslims to pray 5 times daily arranged times daily arranged about sunrise and about sunrise and sunsetsunset

Shi’ahs combine the Shi’ahs combine the afternoon and evening afternoon and evening prayers, leaving three prayers, leaving three prayers dailyprayers daily

Prayer is announced Prayer is announced by a call to prayerby a call to prayer

Traditionally from Traditionally from minarets, but now minarets, but now even phones and radio even phones and radio usedused

FajrFajr Just before sunriseJust before sunrise

ZuhrZuhr Just after middayJust after midday

AsrAsr AfternoonAfternoon

MaghribMaghrib SunsetSunset

IshaIsha NightNight

Salah - WuduSalah - Wudu

Muslims commanded to prepare for Muslims commanded to prepare for prayer by a purification ritual called prayer by a purification ritual called WuduWudu

Mosques provide fountains or roomsMosques provide fountains or rooms Specific way in which this should be Specific way in which this should be

donedone Main purpose is to prepare spirituallyMain purpose is to prepare spiritually http://youtu.be/XwXbRsE-xKYhttp://youtu.be/XwXbRsE-xKY

Salah con’t…Salah con’t… Muslims turn to face Makkah when they prayMuslims turn to face Makkah when they pray Unifying by focusing mentally and physically on a Unifying by focusing mentally and physically on a

single point on earthsingle point on earth Can pray anywhere, as long as it is clean.Can pray anywhere, as long as it is clean. Many prefer to pray with other Muslims or in a Many prefer to pray with other Muslims or in a

mosquemosque The sequence of actions and words in prayer is The sequence of actions and words in prayer is

called called rak’ahrak’ah Stand and recite the first chapter of the Qur’anStand and recite the first chapter of the Qur’an Bow to show how great god isBow to show how great god is Prostrate to show complete obedience to GodProstrate to show complete obedience to God

Jumuah prayer is the Friday midday prayer lead by Jumuah prayer is the Friday midday prayer lead by an Iman who leads prayer and delivers a sermonan Iman who leads prayer and delivers a sermon

Du’a prayers are personal prayers and can be in Du’a prayers are personal prayers and can be in own languageown language

ZakahZakah Is a duty for Muslims that can afford itIs a duty for Muslims that can afford it Pay 2.5% of savings to the communityPay 2.5% of savings to the community Muslims believe that money is clean if Muslims believe that money is clean if

obtained in accordance to God’s law and obtained in accordance to God’s law and have paid God what they owehave paid God what they owe

Put in Collection boxes at mosques or to a Put in Collection boxes at mosques or to a Muslim charityMuslim charity

Some prefer to give it to a person directly Some prefer to give it to a person directly In some Muslim countries the government In some Muslim countries the government

collects Zakahcollects Zakah Can be spent in a way that support Islam Can be spent in a way that support Islam

and is allowed by God’s lawand is allowed by God’s law Muslims who can’t afford to pay are instead Muslims who can’t afford to pay are instead

directed to be generous with their time and directed to be generous with their time and efforteffort

SawmSawm Fasting in the month of RamadanFasting in the month of Ramadan Physical and spiritual exercisePhysical and spiritual exercise Not allowed to eat, drink, smoke of Not allowed to eat, drink, smoke of

have sex between dawn and duskhave sex between dawn and dusk Those with good reason do not fast – Those with good reason do not fast –

pregnant, nursing, very young, sick, pregnant, nursing, very young, sick, travelerstravelers

Also known as month of the Qur’an – Also known as month of the Qur’an – during his month it was revealedduring his month it was revealed

Some Muslims set targets for Some Muslims set targets for studying the Qur’anstudying the Qur’an

Eid ul FitrEid ul Fitr Eid ul Fitr is a festival celebrating the Eid ul Fitr is a festival celebrating the

end of the fast after Ramadanend of the fast after Ramadan Presents, new clothes, and a feast Presents, new clothes, and a feast

characterize this event – a sense of characterize this event – a sense of family/community involvedfamily/community involved

Iman will give sermon reminding Iman will give sermon reminding Muslims it is their duty to: Muslims it is their duty to: Care for all living beingsCare for all living beings End hatred and angerEnd hatred and anger Help he poor and needyHelp he poor and needy

HajjHajj Hajj is the pilgrimage to Hajj is the pilgrimage to

MakkahMakkah Happen once in a life time Happen once in a life time

for those that are healthy for those that are healthy and wealthy enoughand wealthy enough

One week each year up to One week each year up to three million Muslims three million Muslims come to the Ka’aba as come to the Ka’aba as part of the ritualpart of the ritual

Ka’aba is a cube shaped Ka’aba is a cube shaped stone building in the stone building in the center of the Great center of the Great Mosque of Islam in Mosque of Islam in MakkahMakkah

Qur’an says it is the first Qur’an says it is the first house of worshiphouse of worship

Hajj con’t…Hajj con’t… Ka’aba is covered in black cloth (the Kiswah) Ka’aba is covered in black cloth (the Kiswah)

with verses embroidered on itwith verses embroidered on it In the structure is a black stone that fell from In the structure is a black stone that fell from

heaven – was white and turned black due to sinheaven – was white and turned black due to sin Hajj involves series of rituals in/around Makkah Hajj involves series of rituals in/around Makkah

– instructions in the Qur’an and sunnah– instructions in the Qur’an and sunnah IhramIhram – All pilgrims must wear special clothing. – All pilgrims must wear special clothing.

Males wear two sheets of white cloth and females Males wear two sheets of white cloth and females clothes of a single colour covering entire body, clothes of a single colour covering entire body, except the faceexcept the face

Shows unity between race and class amoung Shows unity between race and class amoung MuslimsMuslims

Changed into before entering Makkah and worn until Changed into before entering Makkah and worn until pilgrimage is complete – people buried in clothespilgrimage is complete – people buried in clothes

MakkahMakkah - Circle the Ka’aba 7 times - Circle the Ka’aba 7 times

counterclockwisecounterclockwisereciting pilgrim’s prayerreciting pilgrim’s prayer- Touch or greet black stone when passing- Touch or greet black stone when passing- Then walk from the hills of Safa to - Then walk from the hills of Safa to

MarwathMarwathseven timesseven times- Return to Ka’aba to collect water from Return to Ka’aba to collect water from

well of Zamzam (bottled) well of Zamzam (bottled) - Prepare for 13 mile walk to Arafat (hot Prepare for 13 mile walk to Arafat (hot

temps and long journey)temps and long journey)

Hajj ritualsHajj rituals

ArafatArafat All pilgrims meet there All pilgrims meet there

on ninth day of month on ninth day of month to perform Wuquf to perform Wuquf (ceremony of standing) (ceremony of standing) – if fail to get there in – if fail to get there in time must repeat time must repeat pilgrimagepilgrimage

This is site of This is site of Muhammad’s last Muhammad’s last sermonsermon

Sermon is delivered on Sermon is delivered on loud speakersloud speakers

Day of prayer and Day of prayer and reflection reflection

MuzdalifahMuzdalifah Journey to Mina is broken at MuzdalifahJourney to Mina is broken at Muzdalifah Pilgrims must collect 49 stones on journeyPilgrims must collect 49 stones on journey As of 2008 they were given pre-packed pebbles in As of 2008 they were given pre-packed pebbles in

plastic bagsplastic bags

MinaMina In Mina there are three stone pillars called In Mina there are three stone pillars called JamaratJamarat

representing evil or temptationrepresenting evil or temptation Pilgrims throw their stones at them showing they Pilgrims throw their stones at them showing they

reject evilreject evil Followed by a feast of sacrifice, Eid ul Adha Followed by a feast of sacrifice, Eid ul Adha

(celebrated by Muslims around world)(celebrated by Muslims around world) Now sacrificed meat is packaged for pilgrims to Now sacrificed meat is packaged for pilgrims to

give to poorgive to poor Pilgrims return to Makkah for final circling of Pilgrims return to Makkah for final circling of

Ka’abaKa’aba

Significance of the PillarsSignificance of the Pillars Training program that develops ideal Training program that develops ideal

Muslim character – strengthens IslamMuslim character – strengthens Islam God commands Muslims to carry out God commands Muslims to carry out

duties – follow example of Muhammad in duties – follow example of Muhammad in doing sodoing so

RUSHRUSHRR – – Remind Muslims about the teachings of IslamRemind Muslims about the teachings of Islam

UU – – Unite Muslims and strengthens links between themUnite Muslims and strengthens links between them

SS – – Support development of God-consciousnessSupport development of God-consciousness

HH – – Help Muslims put God first in everything they doHelp Muslims put God first in everything they do