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FISHERIES RESEARCH BOARD OF CANADA
Translation Series No. 2669
Biological studies on the nutritional value of edib_le,fats.Part III. Influènce of selected.fats on themorphological changes in various organs
by Swiatoslaw Ziemlanski, Teresa Opuszynska,and Stefan Krus
original title: Badania biologiczne wartosci zywieniowej
tluszczow jadalnych. Czesc-III. Wplyw wybranych
tluszczow na zmiany morfologiczne roznych narzadow
From: Roczniki Panstwowego Zakladu Hygieny (Annals of the
State Hygiene Institute), (6) . 685-694, 1972.
Translated by the Translation Bureau.(^.MJK)Multilingual Services Division
Departme nt of the Secretary of State of ,Canada
Department of-the Environment.Fisheries Research Board of Canada
Halifax Laboratorÿ'
Halifax, N. •S .
197.3
16 pages typescript
•
DEPAR.TMENT OF THE SECRETARY OF STATE
TRANSLATION BUREAU
SE/7RETARIAT
BUREAU DES TRADUCTIONS
MULTILINGUAL SERVICES DIVISION DES SERVICES
INTO — EN TRANSLATED FROb.1 — TRADUCTION DE
Polish English
DATE OF PUBLICATION DATE DE PUBLICATION
PAGE NUMBERS IN ORIGINAL NUMÉROS DES PAGES DANS
L'ORI GINAL
685-694 YEAR
ANNÉE
1972
ISSUE NO. NUMÉRO
6
NUMBER OF TYPED PAGES NOMBRE DE PAGES
DACTYLOGRAPHIÉES
16
VOLUME
PUBLISHER — ÉDITEUR
State Hygiene Institute
PLACE OF PUBLICATION LIEU DE PUBLICATION
Warsaw
PERSON REQUESTING DEMANDÉ PAR Dr. R.G.Ackman., Halifax Laboratory . \
Halifax, Nova Scotia. YOUR NUMBER VOTRE DOSSIER N 0
DATE OF REQUEST DATE DE LA DEMANDE —19../. 06.1_973
CANADA
DIVISION MULTILINGUES
AUTHOR AUTEUR
Swiatoslaw Ziemlanski, Teresa Opuszynska, Stefan Krus TITLE IN ENGLISH — TITRE ANGLAIS
Biological Studies on the nutritional value of edible fats. Part III. Influence of selected fats on the morphological changes in various organs.
TITLE IN FOREIGN LANGUAGE (TRANSLITERATE FOREIGN CHARACTERS) TITRE EN LANGUE ÉTRANGÉRE (TRANSCRIRE EN CARACTERES ROMAINS)
Badania biologiczne wartosci zywieniowej tluszczow jadalnych. Czesc III. Wplyw wybranych tluszczow na zmiany morfologiczne roznych narzadow.
REFERENCE IN FOREIGN LANGUAGE (NAME OF BOOK OR PUBLICATION) IN FULL. TRANSLITERATE FOREIGN CHARACTERS.
RÉFÉRENCE EN LANGUE ÉTRANGÉRE (NOM DU LIVRE OU PUBLICATION), AU COMPLET, TRANSCRI RE EN CARACTERES ROMAINS.
Roczniki Panstwowego Zakladu Hygieny
REFERENCE IN ENGLISH — RÉFÉRENCE EN ANGLAIS
Annals of the State Hygiene Institute
REQUESTING DEPARTMENT • Environment TRANSLATION BUREAU NO. 143913 MINISTRE-CLIENT NOTRE DOSSIER N 0
BRANCH OR DIVISION Fisheries Services Office of TRANSLATOR (INITIALS) Men( DIRECTION OU DIVISION TRADUCTEUR (INITIALES)
—the Editor
eesep lîtp,‘,1S1,>,110%"‘
'el‘cetre'c'to.;. et\-.1
Wkeee■oe
seu\enee
sos-200-10- 8 (REV. 2/08)
7 030-21.029-0533
DEPARTMENT. OF THE SECRETARY OF STATE
TRANSLATION BUREAU SECRÉTARIAT D'ÉTAT
BUREAU DES TRADUCTIONS
MULTILINGUAL SERVICES
DIVISION DIVISION DES SERVICES
MULTILINGUES
CLIENT'S NO. DEPARTMENT DIVISION/BRANCH CITY N C) DU CLIENT MINISTRE DIVISION/DIRECTION VILLE
Environment Fisheries Services Ottawa Office of the Editor
BUREAU NO. LANGUAGE TRANSLATOR (INITIALS) N ° DU BUREAU LANGUE TRADUCTEUR (INITIALES)
143913 Polish MJK 'JUL .2 3 1973
Roczniki Panstwowego Zakladu Hygieny ga l 1972, Nr.6. pp. 685-69+ (Annals of the State Hygiene Institute)
Swiatoslaw 2iemlanski, Teresa Opuszynska, Stefan Krus
Btolongal studies on the nutritional value of edible fats. Part III. Influence of selected fats on the mornhologi_n_e
chanm§ in various gnarans.
From the Institute of physiology and biochemIstry of nutrition in Warsaw. Manager: Assist. Prof. S. Ziemlanskl M.D.
From the DeDartment of pathological anatomy of the Institute of Biostrucure, Academy of Medicine in Warsaw. Manager e Assist , Prof. St. Krus MD.
Authors , English abstract
•
0 In 300 Wistar rats in long-term experiments (7 and 12 months) the effects ofe,, ;
MB, MC and MD) of different composition were studied (Table I). The conteiit .c*
' of erucic acid in these margarines ranged from 18% (MA) to 33 010 (MB), in liquid'
rapeseed oil it was 47.6% and in „oma" fat it was 37.1%. The animais received À.
ad libitum experimental diets containing 15% by weight of one of these fats. One
group of rats was kept on granulated laboratory choi.v „Bacutil" containing only
7% kcal of fat. Gross and histological examinations of the liver, kidneys, spleen, adrenals,
testicles, pancreas, myocardium and small intestine i.vere carried out. The degree
of fatty degeneration of these organs i.vas studied, staining specimens with oil red
0, fat red 7B, and sudan III. The degree of fatty degeneration of the liver was
determined using Thaler's staging system. No pathological changes were found
• in the organs examined, with the exception of the heart. In the myocardium of
;
animais receiving liquid or hardened rapeseed oil and experimental margarines with higher contents of erucic acid in diet focal infiltrations with histiocytes and fibrosis were found. These changes increased in intensity after 12 months of the
experiment (Table IV), e.g. in the group receiving liquid rapessed oil after 7 months
; on diet in 8 of 9 rats (88.9%) cardiac changes were found, and after 12 months ,
changes developed in 17 of 19 (89.5%) rats in this group Such changes are an evidence of microfocal myocardial necrosis. •
• •.•••2 305-200-10-31 *Translatorts note: the number in the right margin is the
page number of the original text.
0 A . e 0
t;•4; _ , rapeseed oil — liquid as well as hardened (orna) and experimental 'margarines (Mig',
'
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:2 • ■••
In long term experiments with rats of the variety
Wistar, investigations were made into the effect on the
occurrence of morphological changes in various organs, produced
by applying liquid and solidified rape oil and experimental
margarines of different raw material composition and different
contents of erucic acid. Occurrence of focal histiocytic
infiltrations in the heart muscle and its focal fibroses
was established.
In the first and second part of this work (1,2),
general and methodical principles of the investigations
conducted-and the results of some physiological-biochemical
and histo-chemical experiments, as well as changes of fractions
of fats in the blood serum and the content of fatty acids and
their trans-isomers in the lipids of the tissue of selected
organs were presented. The purpose of this third part of the
paper is to give the results of macroscopic and microscopic
anatomo-pathological investigations of various •organs , and
tissues of animals to which rape seed oil liquid or hydrogenated
(fat "Orna") and also experimental margarines containing
various quantities of rape seed oil were administered_in their
diet.
As follows from the results of investigations
by many authors (3 1 4,5 2 6,7 1 8,9,10,11,123,1 )+,15,16,17,18),
rape seed oil administered to various experimental animals in
their diet brings about a number of functional and structural
changes in determined organs, in particular_in the heart muscle.
3
Investigations of Roine et al. of 1960 (6),
confirmed 7 years later by Rocguelin and Cluzan (8) and
subsequently by Abdel:Latif and Vles (.7.0, 11l 12) have shown
that administering major quantities of rape seed oi1, to
animals in the diet causes pathological changes in the heart
muscle. These changes are characterized by the occurrence
of microfocal histiocytic infiltrations and fibroses.
Disorders of this kind are evidence of the forming of micro-
focal necrosis of the heart muscle.
The changes described are preceded by a fatty 686
degeneration of the heart muscle. The intensity of the fatty
degeneration is particularly great in very young rats. Fatty
degeneration of the heart was found also in ducklings, guinea
pigs, harnlsters and rabbits (10, 11, 12).
Other anatomical disorders due to consumption
of larger quantities of rape seed oil in the diet are: transient
fatty degeneration of skeleton muscles in young rats, occurrence
of vacuolation of the heart muscle, hydropericardium and
occurrence of cirrhosis of the liver in young ducklings,
splenomegaly in guinea pigs and widening of kidney ducts in
rats. These changes occur when the content of rape seed oil
amounts to about 50-6Jô of the total caloricity of the diet.
A lower content of rape seed oil in the diet
does not result in such drastic deviations from the normal
condition in experimental animals, nevertheless changes in
the heart appear after application of not more than 3011'o' kcal
f rom rape seed oil in the diet. 1L
. . . . . T
- 70 - 4° 30
10
elle•
IMO
70 go.
Mit
20
Methods of investigation
A detailed description of the methods of
investigation was presented in the first part of this paper
(1,2). Long-term investigations of 7 and 12 months were
conducted with Wistar rats of our own breeding.
Four kinds (A, B e C, D) of experimental margarines
of different raw material composition (Table 1) and different
content of fatty acids were used for the investigations.
Parallel, year-long studies were conducted with liquid rape
seed oil and 6 months' experiments with solidified rape seed
oil, i.e. the fat ''Oman . The content of erucic acid in the
margarines investigated varied from 18% (MA) to 33% (MB). In
liquid rape seed oil, the content of erucic acid was 47.6%
whereas in the fat "Oman it was 37.1%.
TABLE 1. Composition of experimental margarines
Sunflower Rape seed oil Fish oil Type of marga- oil solidified Palm oil hydrogen-
rifle % high- low- e 10 ated
e % of erucic acid erucic erucic /0
____ .
••••■•■•■
Margarine A(18.4%) 30 Margarine B(33.0%) 30 Margarine C(20.3%) 30 Margarine D(22.9%) 30
The animais received ad libitum experimental diets
containing 15% by weight of fat from margarines, liquid rape seed
oil, the "Oman fat, or butter as control fat. One group of
animais obtained only the treeding granulated diet of the
5
"Bacutil" Co containing 7% kcal from fat.
The determination of the degree of fatty
degeneration of the organs studied was performed by dyeing
with a 0.5% solution of Oil Red 0 in 60% triethylphosphate.
The time of dyeing the scraps was 10 min. at room temperature.
The fat-Red 7B and Sudan III also were used. The degree of
fatty degeneration of the liver was determined by the scale
of Thaler (19).
According to Thaler, three degrees of fatty
degeneration of the liver are distinguished: I - scattered
fattening $ with small drops of fat appearing in separate
foci of cells on the background of the unchanged parenchyma;
II - zone fattening, occupying a part of the lobules or whole
lobules of the liver; III - diffusive fattening of the whole
liver parenchyma.
The total sum of fatty degeneration of all the
animals of the given experimental group was divided over the
number of the specimens examined,thus obtaining the index of
fatty degeneration of the liver.
Macroscopic and microscopic anatomo-pathological
investigations included the following organs: liver, kidneys,
spleen, supra-renal glands, testicles, pancreas, heart muscle
and the small intestine.
The microscopic preparations for inspection
were made following the commonly accepted method of dyeing
paraffin strips with hematoxylin and eosin.
6
6
Results of investigations.
The analysis of the weight of the selected
organs expressed as percentage of the body weight of the rat
indicates differences between groups of animals receiving
margarines and rape seed oil in the diet, in comparison with
the control group receiving butter. Changes in the weight
of the heart deserve particular attention. In the group MA.,
MB and that of liquid rape seed oil, after both seven and
twelve months of experimenting the average values of weight
of the heart were much higher as compared to the butter-fed control
group.
After 12 months, the mean weight of the heart in
the group MA. was 1.64 g(% of body weight -0.33 ), in group
MB- 1.71 g(% of body weight - 0.36), in the group of rape seed
oil - 1.62 g(% of body weight - 0.32) and in the butter-fed
group 1.49g (4 of body weight - 0.31).
The weight of the kidneys also increased in the
groups of animals MA, MB and in those receiving rape seed oil.
In the group MA - 3.67 g(% of body weight - 0.78); in the
group MB - 3.50 g(% of body weight - 0.75); in the group of
rape seed oil - 3.72 g(f of body weight - 0.75) and in the
butter-fed group - 3.27 g(% of body weight - 0.68). The
weight of testicles showed distinct increase in the groups of
animals receiving margarines A and B, after both 7 and 12 months.
These changes were not found in the group fed rape seed oil.
The average weight of testicles in the group MA was 3.58 g
.....7
- 7 -
(% of body weight - 0.76), in the group MB - 3.52 g(x of body
weight - 0.74) and correspondingly in the butter-fed group -
3.12 g(f of body weight - 0.65). In the groups MD and '10mat°;
underdevelopment of the spleen was established.
Miscroscopic anatomo-natho^,,o1icai inves ons
Deviations from the normal condition in the
microscopic structure of the kidneys, spleen, supra-adrenal
glands, pancreas and in the skeleton muscles have not been
established. I,Sicroscopic inspections of the liver (with the
exception -of cirrhotic changes in one rat of the group M)
did not show any deviations from the normal state.
Investigation of fatty degeneration of the liver
with application of the Oil Red 0, f-at Red 7B and Sudan III
have proven that all the types of margarines investigated 688
caused fatty degeneration changes in the liver; their intensity
depends on both the type of fat administered in the diet and
the length of duration of the experiment.
A,fter 7 months of administering the experimental
diets in the groups MA, T14B and "Oma", the fatty degeneration
of the liver was minimum and, in the majority of the animals
studied, remained within the limits of values obtained for
bred rats (MA-0.53, 14B - 0.93 and "0inat' - 0.96). Although the
extension of feeding the diet to 12 months increased the
0 0 0 0 . 8
7 - miesiey months /2 -miideithe
• (5 Keer CD
N/ granicach grupy kon!colnei within eontrol group Q il s/op/en stiuszczenta 0 and I degree of fatty degener.
El If slopier; sllaszczenia II degree of degeneration El lit III " ti•
Manlaryna A (1)
Margaryna 8 0 Margaryna C
Margaryna D eD
-8_
degree of liver fattening in animals of the groups MA and MB,
the values obtained were still the lowestdn comparison with
the other types of the fats studied (1.46 and 1.33).
The margarines C and D, just like butter,
caused after 7 months of experiments somewhat greater changes
of fatty degeneration which became intensified after 12 months
of administering the diet. This intensifidation of the changes
in proportion to the length of the experiment becomes manifest
with particular distinction in the group MD (1.33 after 7
months, 2.4 after 12 months).
The greatest changes, after both 7 and 12 months
of.experimenting, were determined in the group of animals
obtaining liquid rape seed oil in the diet (index 2.5 and 2.1).
A comparison of the established changes of *fatty degeneration
are shown graphically in Fig.'.
(1)4edogeelle) el) „DNA"
Fig.l. Fatty dggeneration of the liver in experimental animals.
.....10
These data are also illustrated in Tables II •
‹.:.nd III.
Microscopic inspections of the heart muscle
have shown distinct deviations from the normal condition. In
the heart, the occurrence of focal changes having the character
of granulomas, i.e. histiocytic infiltrations and focal
fibroses, in animais fed various kinds of experlmental
margarines was established. The greatest changes were determ-
ined in the group fed liquid rape seed oilmd in the group MB
containing in the diet the largest quantities of erucic acid.
These changes can be interpreted as conditions of inflammatory
and necrotic character.
Table IV and examples of photos of microscopic
preparations (Fig.2,3,4) illustrate the deviations from the
normal state found in the heart muscle of the animals studied.
.^ , _ . "_ _. ^ ^ ,^•^ ^•^ ^ 'J
`On - ,, ^ ^ Ô ,p .-.
^ eC N•cŸ M . 0 n • ^ , Mt.•^ N
(D
1 t CJ f .^ N` f fD
Rodzajfluszczu
Type of
f at
mml. Butter
Dlarbaryna. A
?liaigitryna B
1lititirgaryneti C
Margaryna D
Olej rzepakowy
Ra De 5 ce »d
Table II
FattY degeneration o° the liverTi$a^n° irien^al animals after 7 and 12 months Z
^ 71 of ex^erimen ^sKSluszczonie w&troby u zwiorzqt doswitidczalnych po 7 i 12 miesiqcach doS^viadczcnia rn
number of
i1o§é szczurc5w;.,rats
1
15
15
14
15
15
9
.r{^
^HO
O
m
CDN .r{
14
7
9
14
I1
9
5
14
10
7 miesi@cy 7 months
degree of fattystopion stluszczonia
w^;trob_yde~eneration of live
5
G
2
H
8
1
8
9
1
HH
2
2
6
1,73
0,53
0,93
1,G3
1,33
1,50
12 months
nt.zir,jJc'r ofilosc szczurGw
rats
8
15
15
15
15
15
19
CD .-. ^`
rn• c OC •f ^ ^ n
- • X' P ryt- ::^ f!) ^Ià 'Îi C>
15
14
12
15
15
19
12 micsiI^cy
degree of fat t^jstopicii stluszczenia
wq.trobyâer,ene).^?tilOn of live
9
8
7
3
5
•^ . _<^• ^ G :L
e n ^.1- >< 2
I < (D CN ^^ ^ ^• ^ ^j '-
p O tD C.J C.7 S:^ O C^
10
11
10
G
8
8
3
1
1
5
G
-:
C Ô•^ .r
... ^
H
2,0
2,40
2,10
z
after
Number of
Animals Group
47% 7% 28% 67% 60% 31% 67%
14- 15
15 15
15
29 15 9 78%
Margarine A Margarine B Margarine C Margarine D "Oma" * Butter Rape seed oil
53% 80%
10010
15 87% 19 74%
after Total number of animals.
months number of animals vith changes.
- 11 -
TABLE III 6q0 % of established cases of II and III degree of fatty degeneration of the liver in rats receiving various fats in their diet.
jfls
% of fatty degeneration of II and III degree
after 12 months
Number % of fatty of degeneration
Animals of II and 113 degree
INIMMY1101•••••■•••••••■a"......1
* data for the group of animals receiving in their diet the fat "Oma" were obtained after 6 months.
TABLE IV Frequency of occurrence of granulomas in the heart of rats obtaining fats at the level of 30% kcal in the diet.
Group
Breeding Butter Margarine A Margarine B Margarine C Margarine D Rape seed oil "Orna"
15
14 0 2 (14.3%)
15 1 (6.7g) 15
14 7 (46.7%) 4 (28. 6% )
15 1 (6. 7%)
9 8 (88.9%)
29 22 (75.»9%)
after 12 months
Total N imber of number animals Of with animals. chunges.
24 0
24 2 (8.3%)
25 8(32. C%)
22 11 (50 - 0%)
24 11(45.8%)
23 11 (47. )
19 17(89.5%) not investigated
The data obtained indicate that the greatest
changes occurred in the group of animals receiiiing liquid and
solidified rape seed oil. After 7 months of experiments, in
12
- 12 -
as many as 8 out of 9 animals fed 15% by weight of rape seed
oil in the diet, occurrence in the heart muscle of numerous
small granulomas , 3.. e. 88.91/iI4 was noted-; in the group of
animals receiving the fat 110ma'l, in 22 animals (75.9%) of
29 animals examined, changes of varying intensi-ty in the
heart having the character of granulomas were established.
In the group of animals obtaining margarine B, the same
changes were found in 7 out of 15 rats examined, i. e. 46. 7°0.
In the remaining groups of animals these changes occurred to
a lesser degree; in the group IAC in 7 out of 14 rats i. e.
28.6%*, in the groups ?-ID and MA one case among 15 animals
of each group was determined i. e. 6.7%.
*Translator's notei 28.^:, not clear to me.
.....3.3
- 13 -
6Q1
,,^t_i:..,a -.à:.rrR .^- :^^.-^'.•^iilk
^^^^^•^ ^^+âi.f^^D^^^w',^n•_♦ i.°'^-°.t} o-::t:ee+ ♦, i=i^\x^^:i^ '^ t^ ,.4ar ^^.i.:F^h-7.'^7^:^65c^.'•:i i
Ryc. 4.
Fig.2. Heart muscle. Dark sections of the fibers in the uppertop of the picture are proof of necrosis or necrobiosis ofthe muscle. Histiocytes are accumulated in the vicinity.H.E. magn. 300 x.
Fig.3. Granuloma composed of histiocytes among muscle fibres.H. E. magn. 300x.
Fig.4. Fibrosis of the heart muscle (centre of picture),remains of histiocyte infiltration (centre of pictureon left). H.E. magn. 30Gx.
The histopathological picture becomes somewhat
intensified after 12 months of administering experimental
margarines or rape seed oil. The greatest intensification of
the changes ( 89.5%) was noted in the group of animals obtaining
rape seec' oil. These data are illustrated in Table IV.
In the control group, i.e. the breed;ng group,
pathological changes were not observed after experiments
0 0 0 0 . 1 4
-
lasting 7 and 12 months.
In the group of animals obtaining butter, 2 cases
of occurrence of small granulomas for 14 rats examined (i.e.
were established after 7 months, and 2 cases for 24
rats (i.e. 8.3%) after 12 months.
In many animais of all the groups studied,
occurrence of changes in the mucous membrane of the intestine
was noted; these consisted in shortening and widening of the
infiltration of acid-absorbing lymphocytes and
granulocytes in the stroma of the villi, and fibrosis of the
villi. These changes became intensified after 12 months of
experiments. This problem requires further investigation, in 692
order to clarify whether the changes found in rats occur with
age, or whether the quantity and quality of the fat and the
kind of diet have a direct influence on the occurrence of this
kind of disorders.
Discussion of the results
It follows from the macroscopic and micro-
scopic anatomo-pathological examinations of various organs of
rats, to which experimental margarines of various composition
as well as liquid and solidified rape seed oil /7ere administered
in the diet, that the most substantial deviations from the
normal conditions were established in the heart muscle. There
is a strict relationship between the occurrence of morphological
changes in this organ and the content of erucic acid in the diet. *Translator's note: page 693 - Russian abstract - omitted.
English abstract - see first page of translation.
.15
- .11
The occurrence in the heart muscle of focal
necrotic changes should be connected with the impossibility
of a regular metabolic conversion of the erucic acid.
Investigations of many authors (3,6,10,11,12,17,18) and our
own (unpublished data) indicate the occurrence of fatty
degeneration of the heart and accumulation of erucic acid
in this organ. These changes appear in the first place in
young animals. It is worth noting that Beare-Rogers (18)
achieved fatty degeneration of the heart muscle in young
animals also after application of larger quantities of fish
fat, the so called herring oilj in the diet. This fat is
characteristic by its large content of monounsaturated
long-chain fatty acids. However the fatty degeneration of
the heart never reaches as high intensity as after administering
rape seed oil in the diet.
The appearance in the heart muscle of micro-
focal granulomas, similar to those which occur after applic-
ation of rape seed oil in the diet, was determined by us in
our investigations after administering to the animals in the
diet a major quantity of the theobroma oil-like fat used in
some countries as a substitute for cocoa butter in the
manufacture of chocolate products.
One can conclude hence that microfocal necrotic
changes of the heart muscle may occur as a result of inferior
metabolic conversion of certain fats and oils. The mechanism
of these changes is the subject of further investigations.
. 16
-16-
Lit erature
(For translated items see below)
• - - . • • • - - • - - _________ 1. e., .0pus2yziska T., Bulltak-Jachymezyk B., Okolska G., Bartlet H.,
Olszewska Buclzenska-Topoloieslca J.: Badania biologiczne wartogci iywienio- wej tluszczôw jadalnych. CzOé I. Roczniki PZI-1, 22, 4, 1972. — 2. zierniafiski e., Bullzak,-Jachyniczyk. B•, Kucharczyk B., Rusiecka M., Opuszyziska T., Budzwisk- -Topolowska J.: Badania biologiczne 1.vartoci iywieniowej tluszczôw jadalnych.
• CzeU II. Roczniki PZFI, 22, 5, 1972. — 3. Bear J., Jensen B.: J. Nutr., 1947, 03, 339 • — 4. Thornasson H. J.: J. Nutr., 1955, 56, 455. — 5. Thornasson H. J.: J. Nutr., 1955, 56, 455. -- 6. Roine P., Uksila E., Teif "M., Rapo/a J.: Z. Ernahr. Wiss., 1960, .1, 118. — 7. Thornasson H. J., Gottenbos J., van Pijpen P. L., Vies R. 0.: Zesz. Probl. Post. N. RoIn., 1970, z. 91, 381. — 8. Rocquelin G., Cluzan Zcsz. Probl. Post. N. RoIn., 1970, z. 91, 403. — 9. .Ttocqzâire G., Chtzan R.: Ann. Biol. Anim. Bioch. Biophys., 1968, 8, 395. — 10. ex/el/a/if A. M. M.;. Vles R. 0.: Nutr. and IVIetabol., 1970, 12, 285.
11. Abdellatif A. M. M., Vies R. 0.: Nutr. and Metabol., 1970, 12, 305. — 12. Abdellatif A. M. M., Vies R. 0.: Nutr. and Nletabol., 1971, 13, 65. — 13.. Zion/b-e/a Zesz. Probl. Polst. N. Roln., 1970, z. 91, 420. — 14. Ziemlediski Opuszyi-ska T., Rusieeka M.: Zesz. Probl. Post. N. Roln., 1970, z. 91, 425. — 15. Nikonorunz
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• 14.V.1972 r.
Warszawa, ul. Powsitiska 63.
Translated items:
Ziemlanski et al. Biological studies of the nutritional value
of edible fats Part I. Annals of the State Hygiene Institute 22, 4, 1972.
2. Ziemlanski et al. Biological studies of the nutritional
value of edible fats. Part II. Annals of the State Uygiene Institute 22, 5, 1972.
1 .