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Fish
Fish➔ Kingdom: Animalia➔ Phylym: Chordata➔ Three Classes:
1. Jawless fish (agnatha)2. Cartilaginous fish (chondricthyes)3. Bony Fish (osteichthyes)
Fish Characteristics➔ Gills for breating➔ Backbone (vertebrae)➔ Paired fins➔ Closed circulatory System➔ Two-chambered heart
Wat t e s ar t he !
Fish AnatomyInternal Features
Fish AnatomyExternal Features
Fins
Fish Respiration➔ Water flows over gills as fish opens mouth and
swims➔ Water flows opposite direction of blood flow➔ O2 diffuses from the water into the blood➔ Gills are made of thousands of gill filaments➔ Gills are covered by the operculum (gill cover)
Fish Respiration
Reproduction➔ Most reproduce sexually, and fertilize their eggs
externally ➔ Sharks/rays fertilize internally
◆ Some keep their eggs in their uterus (viviparous)◆ Others will lay the eggs oviparous)
➔ Spawning is the process of fertilizing eggs➔ Baby fish are called FRY
Jawless Fish➔Class: Agnatha➔No Jaws➔Skeleton made of cartilage➔Soft skin (no scales)➔7 gills➔Lack a swim bladder ➔Examples: Lampreys, Hagfish
Cartilaginous Fish ●Class: Chondrichthyes●Swim constantly to force oxygen into their
gills●Caudal fin (tail) is large/strong●Skeleton made of cartilage (not bone).●5-7 gill slits located on each side of the body●Examples: Sharks and Rays
● 350 different species of sharks
● 300 species of rays and skates
Bony Fish➔Class: osteichthyes➔Skeleton made of bone ➔Teeth are fixed onto the upper jaw ➔Swim bladder: air filled sac that helps
them with buoyancy➔Do not have to swim to breathe (can move
gill covers to force water over gills.)
➔Examples: Trout, Perch, Pike, Goldfish