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8/3/2019 Fish Final
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/fish-final 1/2
SUSTAINABLE FISHING: local & stable
GROUP 39: Kira, Liliana, Nick, Clarissa, Sam, Mounir! BIOL1103
Group 39
BIOL 1103 MWF 1:25
30 November 2011
Stability in Sustainability.
Not all fisheries are created equal. In order for fisheries to be
considered sustainable, they must meet, or exceed, several
standards set by the Marine Stewardship Council. There are three
principles that a fishery must score at least an 80/100. The principles
include sustainability of exploited stock, maintenance of ecosystem,
and effective management system. When a fishery scores above a 90
in certain areas, those areas are said to be sustainability strengths.
Fisheries that score between 60-80 in certain areas must make a
commitment to improve performance in order to continue to be
considered a sustainable operation.
Sustainability Standards
• State of the fish stock
• Impact on marine environment
• Fishery management systems
• Sustainability of exploited stock
•Maintenance of ecosystem
• Effective management system
• Effectiveness of harvest strategies
• Effect of fishing on ecosystem
8/3/2019 Fish Final
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/fish-final 2/2
SUSTAINABLE FISHING: local & stable
GROUP 39: Kira, Liliana, Nick, Clarissa, Sam, Mounir! BIOL1103
The graph shows the yield of fish per
unit of fishing power obtained each year
since 1880 in the waters surrounding
the United Kingdom. The closed circles
indicate the productivity of trawler
vessels while the open circles indicate
the same for bottom-gear vessels. Their
close correlation reinforces the
conclusion that overfishing is depleting
fish populations, rather than any
confounding factors resulting from
differing capture methods. These results
may be surprising to some, as great
developments have been made in
fishing technologies that would
theoretically increase the yield of fish.
However, this study indicates that just
the opposite is true. The advances in
technology have enabled drastic
overfishing of bottom dwelling species
like halibut, turbot, haddock and plaice.
The trend shown by these data clearly
demonstrates the relationship between
overfishing and the depletion of fish
populations. Due to mismanagement by
governments, consumer awareness to
this issue is essential to reversing these
trends. Consumers should be aware of
the source from which the fish they are
consuming comes from and make a
conscious effort to purchase products
that are only from sustainable stocks.
__________________________________
Fish & Fast Food
Fish sandwiches are a popular addition to
the menu at any fast food restaurant.
Popular fish used in these sandwiches are
pollock and hoki because they are the
cheapest white fish and come from the
largest fisheries. Hoki is a fish that
receives a poor rating from the BlueOcean Institute and Greenpeace. One of
the main problems is the method used to
catch this fish. Bottom trawling can
damage sea floor habitats. These fisheries
are so large and dominate the source of
fast food fish and currently, there are no
environmental standards regulating them.
These fisheries are, however, looking
towards improving their aquaculture.
Overfishing
Overfishing in an area without biologica
risk causes a huge decrease in the
substantial yield of the fish in that area.
Additionally, though, the biological
problems are great and if an area is left
with a population drop after overfishing,
the economy is left in even worse shape
and the biological area is left depleted.
With less fish available, it is more
expensive to catch them. Because of
overfishing, the size of the population is
reduced below the size which produces
the maximum surplus production. This
leads to the fish no longer being
sustainable. Since it is easier and
cheaper to fish when there are more fish
in the sea, harvesting costs will be large
when overfishing is a problem.
By looking at the total mortality and comparing the natural and fishing deaths in a fish population, one can find
out the effects of fishing on the stock. By comparing the spawning stock when fished, unfished, and when the
spawning rate is at 20%. The compared age structures clearly show the declining effect that overfishing has on a
local fishery.