First UTA LaTeX Workshop part 1Outline Basics Writing Features Linguistics Closing First UTA LATEX Workshop part 1 Andrew McKenzie (feat. Josh Jensen) February 6, 2011

Outline Basics Writing Features Linguistics Closing

First UTA LATEX Workshoppart 1

Andrew McKenzie (feat. Josh Jensen)

February 6, 2011


1 Basics

2 Writing

3 Features

4 Linguistics

5 Closing


What’s in this section

Concepts and jargon

Commands

Simple text



Concepts and jargon

Commands

Simple text



Concepts and jargon

Commands

Simple text


Concepts

TEX is a typesetting engine (Donald Knuth)

LATEX is a program consisting of macros that make TEX easyto use. (Leslie Lamport)

workflow

source file → typeset → output file.tex .pdf, .ps, .dvi

The document consists of text, comments, and commands.


Text and comments

Text is, well, text.

Use % to mark a comment. All text for the rest of theparagraph will be ignored by TEX.


Commands

Instructions to LATEX are given with commands

Sometimes, commands have arguments, which are delimitedby curly braces ({ . . . })Commands can have options, too— these are marked bybrackets ([ . . . ]) before any arguments.

declaration \ldots . . . (cf. ...)command \textbf{chicken} chicken

\begin[t]{picture}


Commands




\begin[t]{picture}


Commands




\begin[t]{picture}


Commands




\begin[t]{picture}


Commands




\begin[t]{picture}



Structuring the document

PreambleSectioningEnvironments

Basic writing

Automatic stuffAccentsBasic fonts


Basic document parts

Use commands to instruct LATEX how to structure yourdocument

\documentclass{article} % type of document% preamble

\begin{document} % start of document

Below is a picture of a polar bearcovering its face in a blizzard.

% content

\end{document} % end of document


The preamble

The preamble contains:

Document class — article, book, report, letter, beamerTitle informationGlobal options — typography (fonts, headers, footers,bibliographies)Packages (sets of macros)


Use commands to split your document into sections. Thecommands have arguments that contain the title of the section.

\section{Introduction}. . .\subsection{Discussion of the problem}. . .

Basic parts

section

subsection

subsubsection

paragraph

subparagraph

chapter only in book and report classes

part only in book and report classes


Section numbering

LATEX will automatically number your sections for you, even ifyou re-arrange them.

If you don’t want a section to be numbered, use the*-operator after the command name.

\section*{Introduction}. . .\subsection*{Discussion of the problem}. . .


Environments

An environment is a part of the text that is subject to a set ofmacros.

Call for an environment using the \begin and \endcommands.

\begin{document}. . .\end{document}Declarations apply for the rest of their environment\begin{document}\bfseries % The text from here will be boldface\end{document}


Environments





Environments





Common environments

documentabstractpicturefiguretabbingquote short blockquotesquotation long blockquotesverbatim text including commandsverse for the poetic typestable table ensconcertabular actual tablesitemize unordered listsenumerate ordered listsdescription described lists


Delimiting scope

There are other ways to delimit portions of your document.curly braces { . . . }brackets [ . . . ]parentheses ( . . . )

Stray curly braces are a common source of errors intypesetting


LATEX will do it for you

line breaks

page breaks

alignment (justified)

hyphenation

indentation

paragraph breaks

line spacing

font size and weight

word/sentence spacing

\\\pagebreak, \newpage(see later)

\-,\hyphenate{wo-rd}\noindent\par\linespread{factor}(see later)

(see later)


LATEX will do it for you . . . or you can force it

line breaks

page breaks

alignment (justified)

hyphenation

indentation

paragraph breaks

line spacing

font size and weight

word/sentence spacing

\\\pagebreak, \newpage(see later)

\-,\hyphenate{wo-rd}\noindent\par\linespread{factor}(see later)

(see later)


Accents

Adding accents is pretty easy in LATEX— use a command.

Note that to add one to i, you should use the dotless i : \’{\i}

Image from http://www.andy-roberts.net/misc/latex/tutorial7/accents zoom.png


Text symbols

A lot of symbols are restricted to math mode (q.v.), but manyare available in text.

Many of these replace symbols used in instructions to LATEX

Image from http://www.andy-roberts.net/misc/latex/tutorial7/symbols.png


Math mode

LATEX was created for mathematicians and computerscientists, so it’s very good at math.

z

(1 +

√ωi+1 + ζ − x + 1

Θ + 1y + 1

)= 1

[X + a ≥ a

∑iN lim x→kδC

]Equations are done in a special environment called math mode.

Equations from http://pangea.stanford.edu/computing/unix/formatting/latexexample.php


Math mode


z

(1 +

√ωi+1 + ζ − x + 1

Θ + 1y + 1

)= 1

[X + a ≥ a

∑iN lim x→kδC




Math mode


z

(1 +

√ωi+1 + ζ − x + 1

Θ + 1y + 1

)= 1

[X + a ≥ a

∑iN lim x→kδC




Math mode


z

(1 +

√ωi+1 + ζ − x + 1

Θ + 1y + 1

)= 1

[X + a ≥ a

∑iN lim x→kδC




Math symbols

Sometimes, we wanna use a symbol that is in math mode, but wedon’t want a whole equation.

$ . . . $

\[ . . . \]

Inside math mode, many symbols and operators are extremelyuseful.→ \to∅ \emptyset∃ \existsα \alphaΣ \Sigma


Superscripts and subscripts

In math mode. . .

$ t 3 $ t3

$ tˆ3 $ t3

Mary$ i$ Maryi


Curiosities

Left quotes and scare quotes must use the ` key, instead ofthe apostrophe (’) key. Right quotes you can use normally.

‘‘Cogito ergo sum""Cogito ergo sum"

”Cogito” versus “Cogito”


Table of contents

Foot- and endnotes

Cross-referencing

Lists


Some easy things

\tableofcontents place where you want, typeset twice!

\footnote{Read the footnotes first, because that’s wherethe bodies are buried.}\endnote{Endnotes will occasionally take up more of ahistory monograph than the text itself. . . . }As usual, LATEX will order all these for you.

Watch out! Footnotes don’t work in some environments(tables, examples) without a workaround.


Some easy things





Some easy things





Some easy things





Some easy things





Making a list

Set up a listing environment (we’ll see them)

Use \item for each item in the list.

\begin{itemize}\item First on the list\item Last on the list\end{itemize}


Making a list

Set up a listing environment (we’ll see them)

Use \item for each item in the list.



Checking it twice

itemize Unordered list

enumerate Ordered list

description List with descriptions


First on the list

Last on the list


Checking it twice




\begin{enumerate}\item First on the list\item Last on the list\end{enumerate}

1 First on the list

2 Last on the list


Checking it twice




\begin{description}\item[premiere]{First on the list}\item[derniere]{Last on the list}\end{itemize}

premiere First on the list

derniere Last on the list


Examples

Glosses

IPA


One-line examples

Call the gb4e package in the preamble: \usepackage{gb4e}In the document, call an example using the exe environment.\begin{exe}Each example begins with the \ex declaration\ex Colorless green ideas sleep furiously\ex Quadruplicity drinks procrastination

End the examples by closing the environment\end{exe}


Judgments

Put the judgment marker at the start of the example\ex *Colorless sleep furiously ideas green

Use \ex as a command with arguments\ex[judgment]{example}

\ex[*]{Colorless sleep furiously ideas green}

(1) a. * Colorless sleep furiously ideas green

b. ? Green ideas furiously sleep colorless

(2) a. *Colorless sleep furiously ideas green

b. ?Green ideas furiously sleep colorless


Judgments









Judgments









Judgments









Subexamples

Use the xlist environment to create sub-lists within examples.

\begin{exe}\ex The dog ate my homework.\begin{xlist}\ex Le chien a mang\’e ma copie.\ex[ ]{Le chien a mang\’e ma copie.}\ex[??]{Le chien mangea ma copie.}\end{xlist}

\end{exe}

(3) The dog ate my homework

a. Le chien a mange ma copie.

b. Le chien a mange ma copie.

c. ?? Le chien mangea ma copie.


More about examples

Cross-reference examples by using \label{label name} on the\ex, and \ref{(label name)} in the text (note theparentheses).

Use \exr{label} to use the example itself to have the numberof another example.

Use \exi{text} to customize the example number.

To reset the numbering (after a chapter, for instance), use thecommand \setcounter{exx}{1}.An xlist environment must be prefaced by an \ex declaration,which may or may not have its own content.

An xlist environment must also contain an \ex declaration forany examples inside it.


Interlinear Glosses

In the exe environment. . .

\ex\gll target language (data) \\metalanguage (morpheme-by-morpheme) \\

\glt object language (translation)

(4) lathe.fem

comidafood

quethat

come-ba-moseat-impf-1.pl

‘the food we were eating’


Four-line glosses

Use the \glll declaration instead of the \gll one. Be sure to endthe first line with a linebreak (\\)

(5) lalathe.fem

nourriturenuöityöfood

qu’onkothat-one

mangeaitmAZ-Eeat-impf-3.sg

‘the food we were eating’


Writing phonetically

Use the tipa package, by putting in the preamble\usepackage{tipa}

Three ways to call IPA:

the IPA environment

\begin{IPA}[ 2nb@liv@b\s{l}]\end{IPA}

the \tipaencoding declaration (will work until delimited)

{ \tipaencoding [ 2nb@liv@b\s{l}] }

the \textipa command (best for in-line use)

\textipa{[ 2nb@liv@b\s{l}] }


One trick

To make each word in the first line use IPA:

\renewcommand{\eachwordone}{\tipaencoding}

\renewcommand{\eachwordone}{\tipaencoding}\ex\label{verlaine}\gll Z\o m suvj\∼E de Zu\;R z\∼Asj\∼E e Z\o pl\oe\;R \\I myself remember.pres.1sg of.the day.pl old.pl and I cry.pres.1sg\glt ‘I remember the old days, and I cry.’

(6) ZøI

mmyself

suvjEremember.pres.1sg

deof.the

Zuöday.pl

zAsjEold.pl

eand

ZøI

plœöcry.pres.1sg

‘I reminisce of the old days, and I cry.’


One trick




(6) ZøI

mmyself


deof.the

Zuöday.pl

zAsjEold.pl

eand

ZøI

plœöcry.pres.1sg



One trick




(6) ZøI

mmyself


deof.the

Zuöday.pl

zAsjEold.pl

eand

ZøI

plœöcry.pres.1sg



One trick, cont.’d

\ex\label{verlaine}\gll Z\o m suvj\∼E de Zu\;R z\∼Asj\∼E e Z\o pl\oe\;R \\I myself remember.pres.1sg of.the day.pl old.pl and I cry.pres.1sg\glt ‘I remember the old days, and I cry.’

(6) ZøI

mmyself


deof.the

ZuRday.pl

zAsjEold.pl

eand

ZøI

plœRcry.pres.1sg

‘I remember the old days, and I cry.’


One trick, cont.’d

\ex\label{verlaine}\gll Z\o m suvj\∼E de Zu\;R z\∼Asj\∼E e Z\o pl\oe\;R \\I myself remember.pres.1sg of.the day.pl old.pl and I cry.pres.1sg\glt ‘I remember the old days, and I cry.’

(6) ZøI

mmyself


deof.the

ZuRday.pl

zAsjEold.pl

eand

ZøI

plœRcry.pres.1sg

‘I remember the old days, and I cry.’


Today we learned how to. . .

write a LATEX document

use commands to instruct LATEX

structure a document

set up a TOC and cross-referencing

build lists

typeset examples

write glosses

write phonetically


If you’re making a handout...

landscape layout: \documentclass[landscape]{article}two-column layout: \documentclass[twocolumn]{article}([landscape,twocolumn])

use more of the page: \usepackage{fullpage}skips between paragraphs: \usepackage[parfill]{parskip}giving thanks: \thanks{blah blah blah}Must be inside the title command!

basic font selection: \usepackage{times}place above \usepackage{tipa}(palatino, kpfonts, charter, bookman)


Trees

Tableaux

Bibliographies

Tables

Fonts

Customization

Layouts

Documents

First UTA LaTeX Workshop part 1Outline Basics Writing Features Linguistics Closing First UTA LATEX Workshop part 1 Andrew McKenzie (feat. Josh Jensen) February 6, 2011