First Semester Study Guide Review

Chapter 2

1. What reasons did the Egyptians have for settling on a river? Farming the land, fertile soil

2. What is the Egyptian system of writing called? Hieroglyphics

3. What is a line of rulers from the same family? Dynasty

4. What is a tomb for a pharaoh called? Pyramid

5. What is it called when the body is preserved at death? Embalming

6. What is a triangular shaped area at the mouth of a river? Delta

7. What river did the Egyptians build their civilization? The Nile River

8. What did the Egyptians study for the afterlife? Book of the Dead

9. Who was the god of the underworld? Osiris

10. What another name for Tutankhamun? King Tut

11. What was the valley of the kings? The tombs of the pharaohs cut into the cliffs west of the Nile River.

12. What Egyptian ruler called? A pharaoh

13. What archaeologist found King Tut’s tomb? Howard Carter

14. What animal is sacred to Egyptians? Cats

15. What is the largest desert in the world that Egypt is near? Sahara

16. What did the Egyptians make paper from? Papyrus

17. What steps were taken in preserving a body? Why? Step one, removed the body’s organs, Step two, apply a special kind of salt, step three, store the body for a number of days to dry, step four, fill the body with spices and perfumes then stitched closed, finally the body was cleaned and wrapped in fine lining

Chapter 3

1. What is the belief in one God? Monotheism

2. What is the belief in more than one God? Polytheism

3. What role did Moses play in the Israelites faith? Moses helped free the Israelites from slavery

4. How did God know to Passover the Israelites? Marking the doorway with lamb’s blood

5. What is a person claims to have message from God? Prophet

6. What is a promise from God? Covenant

7. Where did the Israelites become captives as slaves? What was it called when they left? Egypt, the Exodus

8. What is a Jewish house of of worship called?Synagogue

9. What is a religious leader called? Rabbis

10. What does it mean to be forced out of your land? Exile

Chapter 4

1. What type of government is ruled by the people sharing in it? Democracy

2. What type of rule takes over by force? Tyrant

3. What type of government has only a small group ruling? Oligarchy

4. What is someone who ponders the question of life? Philosopher

5. How did the ancient Greeks make their living? Fishing or by the sea

6. What type of geographic feature is Greece? Peninsula

7. What were the qualifications of citizenship in Greece? Only free native-born men who owned could be citizens

8. Why were the Persians a threat to the Greeks? They often clashed over colonies in the Mediterranean area

9. What were the effects of the wars with Persia? The Greek city-states had saved their homeland from invasion

10. Who was Pericles? Athenian who helped support artists, architects, writers, and philosophers

11. What were the two major city states in Greece? Athens and Sparta

12. What was Sparta’s main goal? To focus on military skills to control the people they conquered

13. What was the goal of Delian League? To defend its members against the Persians

14. What is named for the Battle of Marathon? Modern marathon races are named for this famous run and are just over 26 miles long

15. What is a a Greek City state called? Polis

16. What is a fortified area called? Acropolis

17. What is a settlement in a distant land that keeps ties with the country who settled it? Colony

Chapter 5

1. Name 3 famous Greek Philosophers and tell their achievement. Socrates- created the Socratic method of teaching, Plato- described his vision of the ideal government, Aristotle- wrote 200 books on philosophy and science

2. What is a shrine where a priest could give you answers from the gods? Oracle

3. What is a story about a god or goddess? Myth

4. What way of teaching was developed that uses a question format? Socratic method

5. What is another word for human? Omit

6. Where did the gods and goddesses live? Mount Olympus

7. What festival that we celebrate today was to honor Zeus? The Olympics

8. Identify Zeus, Athena, Poseidon, Ares, Hera, Aphrodite Zeus- King of the gods, Athena- Goddess of wisdom, Poseidon- God of the sea, Ares-God of war, Hera-Goddess of marriage, Aphrodite- Goddess of love and beauty

9. Who wrote the Iliad and the Odyssey? Homer

10. what was the Trojan War fought over? A prince of Troy kidnaps the wife of the king of Sparta

11. Why is Aesop famous? For his fables

12. Identify Corinthian, Doric, and Ionic columns. Different styles of columns

13. What is “what a person leaves behind?” Legacy

14. What were professional teachers in Greece called? Sophists

15. Name the two types of drama in Greek plays. Tragedy and Comedy

16. Who was Philip’s son from Macedonia who took over Greece? Alexander the Great

17. Why was Alexander called “the Great”? Because he left a legacy

18. What city did Alexander name after himself? Alexandria, Egypt

Chapter 6

1. How is India protected geographically? By huge mountains

2. What is a dome shaped Buddhist shrine? Stupa

3. What is the good or bad energy a soul has? Karma

4. What is the rebirth of the soul? Reincarnation

5. What is a Hindu spiritual guide and teacher? Guru

6. What government headed by religious leaders? Theocracy

7. Who is a person that travels to a religious shrine or site? Pilgrim

8. What was the social class system in India called? Caste or Jati

9. What ancient language did the Aryans bring to India? Sanskrit

10. What is a large landmass that is part of a continent but distinct from it? Subcontinent

11. What type of geographical feature is India? A diamond

12. What is the ancient custom of a wife giving up her life in India? Suttee

13. What group of people did Buddhism appeal to in the beginning? Untouchables and lower class Indians

14. Who started Buddhism? Siddhartha Gautama

15. What religion is a mixture of the Aryans and the ancient Indians and believes in reincarnation? Hinduism

Chapter 7

1. What physical feature was build in China to keep invaders out? The Great Wall of China

2. What two colors represent beauty and power in China? Red and Yellow

3. What is a line of rulers from the same family? Dynasty

4. What was the first dynasty of China? Shang

5. What did the Shang work with? Bronze

6. What is a Chinese character that stands for an object? Pictograph

7. Why can only 10% of China be used for farming? Because of the mountains and deserts that cover most of the land

8. What is a group of appointed officials who are responsible for different areas of government? A Bureaucracy

9 .What is a formal order? Mandate

10. What were oracle bones used for? To ask the gods’ for help and the earliest known examples of Chinese writing

11. Name several Chinese inventions. Waterwheels, steel, paper, irrigation and flood control system, iron plow, crossbow, saddle, and and stirrup

12. Who was Confucious? Ancient China’s first great thinker, who wanted to end the problems in China and bring peace to society

13 What was the most valuable trade product for China? Silk

14. What is the biggest event for the Chinese each year? Chinese New Year

15. What are nobles whose wealth comes from the land they own? Aristocrats