First Responder Awareness Level Training

29CFR1910.120 (q)CCR 8 5192

First Responder Awareness Level Training

29CFR1910.120 (q)CCR 8 5192

UNIT 1 - “Preparation”

Unit ObjectivesUnit Objectives

• Identify OSHA and EPA training requirements

• Public Safety - Duty to Act• Identify the role of the Awareness Level

First Responder• Reference Materials• 5 levels of response training• 2 levels of operation

Hazardous Material AgenciesHazardous Material Agencies

• Defined in numerous ways– U.S. Department of Transportation (USDOT)– U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA)– U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration

(OSHA)

• Simplified Definition

Hazardous Materials IncidentsHazardous Materials Incidents

“Haz-Mat” incidents are unique incidents. They require specialized protective measures not normally

available to first responders AND they demand a different operational

approach!

Public Safety “Duty to Act”Public Safety “Duty to Act”

• Public safety responders have a “Duty to Act”.

• Your level of involvement is defined by your employer’s Emergency Response Plan (ERP).

• The actions you are expected to take should be in Standard Operating Procedure format.

• NEVER exceed your level of training and protection!

First responders at the awareness level are individuals who are likely to witness or discover a hazardous substance release and who have been trained to initiate an emergency response sequence by notifying the proper authorities of the release. They would take no further action beyond notifying the authorities of the release.

1. An understanding of what hazardous substances are, and the risks associated with them in an incident. 2. An understanding of the potential outcomes associated with an emergency created when hazardous substances are present. 3. The ability to recognize the presence of hazardous substances in an emergency. 4. The ability to identify the hazardous substances, if possible. 5. An understanding of the role of the first responder awareness individual in the employer's emergency response plan (including site security and control), and the U. S. Department of Transportation's Emergency Response Guidebook. 6. The ability to realize the need for additional resources, and to make appropriate notifications to the communication center.

First responders at the operations level are individuals who respond to releases or potential releases of hazardous substances as part of the initial response to the site for the purpose of protecting nearby persons, property, or the environment from the effects of the release. They are trained to respond in a defensive fashion without actually trying to stop the release. Their function is to contain the release from a safe distance, keep it from spreading, and prevent exposures.

1. Knowledge of the basic hazard and risk assessment techniques. 2. Know how to select and use proper PPE provided to the first responder operational level. 3. An understanding of basic hazardous materials terms. 4. Know how to perform basic control, containment, and/or confinement operations and rescue injured or contaminated persons within the capabilities of the resources and PPE available with their unit. 5. Know how to implement basic equipment, victim, and rescue personnel decontamination procedures. 6. An understanding of the relevant standard operating procedures and termination procedures

Awareness Level Response Goals

Awareness Level Response Goals

1. Recognition

2. Isolation

3. Protect

4. Notify

Five Levels of TrainingFive Levels of Training

• First Responder Awareness Level

• First Responder Operational Level

• Hazardous Materials Technician

• Hazardous Materials Specialist

• Hazardous Materials Incident Commander

Operational ModesOperational Modes

• Awareness and Operational level responders take DEFENSIVE actions.

• Technicians and Specialists take OFFENSIVE actions.

• The Incident Commander coordinates the response and is ultimately responsible for safety.

First Responder Awareness Level Training

First Responder Awareness Level Training

Unit 2 - “Hazard Identification”

Unit 2 - Hazard IdentificationUnit 2 - Hazard Identification

Unit Objectives:

- Identify the six clues to the presence of hazardous materials.

- Identify the various hazard classes of hazardous materials.

- Describe ways in which you can determine the specific identity of a hazardous material.

Remember your four goals!Remember your four goals!

1. Recognition

2. Isolation

3. Protection

4. Notification

Six Basic Clues to RecognitionSix Basic Clues to Recognition

1 - Occupancy and location

2 - Container shape and size

3 - Placards and labels

4 - Shipping papers/facility

documents

5 - Markings and colors

6 - Human senses

Clue # 1 - Occupancy and LocationClue # 1 - Occupancy and Location

• Specific occupancy or general area

• Fixed facilities

• Five modes of hazardous materials transportation– Rail, air, marine, highway and

pipeline

Clue # 2 - Container Shape and SizeClue # 2 - Container Shape and Size

• Classifications– Portable, fixed or transportation

• Pressure– Non-pressurized, low or high pressure

• Vapor Pressure and Storage– The higher the pressure, the greater the

potential for catastrophic failure

Break Time

Clue # 3 - Placards and LabelsClue # 3 - Placards and Labels

Placards and labels used for transport are based upon DOT Hazard Class

• Nine Hazard Classes– Subdivided into divisions– Refer to the DOT - ERG

Hazard Class 1 - ExplosivesHazard Class 1 - Explosives

• Subdivided into 6 divisions1.1 - Mass explosion hazard

1.2 - Projectile hazard

1.3 - Fire, minor blast or projectile

1.4 - Minor explosion

1.5 - Very insensitive explosives

1.6 - Extremely insensitive

• Pressurized or liquefied– Compressed nitrogen and liquefied petroleum

gases (LPG) are examples

• Product and container present hazards

• Three Subdivisions – 2.1 - Flammable gases– 2.2 - Non-Flammable, Non-Poisonous– 2.3 - Poisonous Gases

Hazard Class 2 - GasesHazard Class 2 - Gases

Hazard Class 3 - Flammable/Combustible Liquids

Hazard Class 3 - Flammable/Combustible Liquids

• Flammable Liquids can be ignited at room temperature

• Combustible Liquids require some degree of pre-heating to ignite

• Number 1 rule - eliminate ignition sources

Hazard Class 4 - Flammable Solids

Hazard Class 4 - Flammable Solids

• Three subdivisions4.1 - Flammable Solids

4.2 - Spontaneously Combustible

4.3 - Dangerous when wet

Hazard Class 5 - Oxidizers and Organic Peroxides

Hazard Class 5 - Oxidizers and Organic Peroxides

• Oxidizers release oxygen to enhance or intensify burn

• With strong fuels, oxidizers can create conditions which which can lead to violent combustion

• Many Organic Peroxides are very unstable

Hazard Class 6 - Poisonous and Infectious Substances

Hazard Class 6 - Poisonous and Infectious Substances

• Poisonous to human– Can include severely irritating

substances– “Tear Gas”, Hydrocyanic acid,

Carbon Tetrachloride

• Infectious Substances– Potential to cause diseases in humans– Anthrax, human blood and many

body fluids

Hazard Class 7 - Radioactive Materials

Hazard Class 7 - Radioactive Materials

• Ionizing radiation hazard

• Exposure does not always result in contamination

• Safety Rules:– Time, Distance and Shielding

• Shipped in specialized containers

Hazard Class 8 - CorrosivesHazard Class 8 - Corrosives

Hazard Class 9 - Miscellaneous Hazardous Materials

Hazard Class 9 - Miscellaneous Hazardous Materials

• ORM A - Dry Ice

• ORM B - Metallic mercury

• ORM C - Battery parts

• ORM D - Consumer commodities

• ORM E - Hazardous substances and hazardous wastes

Pesticide LabelsPesticide Labels

• Product name

• Active ingredients

• Signal word– Caution– Warning– Danger (Poison)

• Precautionary statements

Clue # 4 - Shipping Papers and Facility Documents

Clue # 4 - Shipping Papers and Facility Documents

MODE CALLED LOCATION

Rail Waybill andCosist

With crew

Highway Bill of Ladding Driver / on seator door pocket

Air Airbill Pilot

Pipeline Marker At cross withother mode oftransport

Clue # 5 - Markings and ColorsClue # 5 - Markings and Colors

• Container colors are not always standardized

• UN/NA identification numbers

• NFPA 704 Diamond

• Military markings

Clue # 6 - Human SensesClue # 6 - Human Senses

RISK LEVEL

High

Low

TASTETOUCHSMELLSIGHTSOUND

Pathways to Exposure

• Pathways – Hazardous substances can enter the body in different ways:

• 1. Inhalation – dust, vapors, mist.• 2. Absorption (via skin or eyes) – contact

with skin.• 3. Ingestion – contaminated drinking water

or food.• 4. Injection – cuts or punctures of the skin

Methods of IdentificationMethods of Identification

• Once you recognize, try to identify

• Location of material name– Shipping papers– MSDSs (fixed facilities)– Facility Pre-Plans– Employees and bystanders

• If you cannot safely identify, try to classify the material into a hazard class

First Responder Awareness Level Training

First Responder Awareness Level Training

Unit 3 - “Taking Control”

ObjectivesObjectives

• Identify the technical resources available to your ERT.

• Identify the procedures for initiating your Emergency Response Plan = (R.I.P.) for

Awareness level responders.

Steps for Using ER chemical reference materials

Steps for Using ER chemical reference materials

• Recognize & Identify Hazardous Materials– Name (chemical name on container) – Placard (on

drum, tank, or building).

• Isolate and evacuate according to protective action distances in the chemical reference GB.

• Protect others from entering spill area.• Notify your supervisor about the incident

Protective Action OptionsProtective Action Options

• Shelter in-place– Short duration incidents– Greater hazard to attempt to

move– Impractical to evacuate

• Evacuation– Potential for massive fire or

explosion– Long duration incidents

Stepping Into Operations Territory

• Doing more than reporting

• Defending property and life with out controlling the release

• Controlling the exposure from a distance

Bulk Spill Clean-up Materials

Mercury Clean-up Kit & Chemical Specific Neutralizing Agents

Spill Response Kits Available

Laboratory Spill Clean-up Kits

Disposal of Spilled Materials

• Use proper Personal Protective Equipment when handling waste materials

• Use proper disposal receptacle's when disposing of waste materials

• Include contaminated PPE as waste, or properly decontaminate if PPE is reusable

• If hazardous chemicals are being disposed utilize proper hazardous waste labels

• Find appropriate waste vendor to haul hazardous waste

POMS & ASSOCIATESand VSCCFA

Thank You for your time!