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Fire Brigade Intervention Model
Dataset
FBIM Reference Document Version 2020.05 May 2020
Page 2 of 54 © AFAC 2020 Fire Brigade Intervention Model Dataset Version 2020.05
This Fire Brigade Intervention Model Dataset is designed only for use with AFAC’s Fire Brigade Intervention Model Manual. Any use of the data other than for what it is intended is not recommended and cannot be guaranteed.
For proper use of this data and the FBIM Manual please refer to Section 4 of AFAC’s Fire Brigade Intervention Model Manual.
For the latest version of the Dataset or Manual please check the AFAC website at https://www.afac.com.au/insight/doctrine/article/current/fire-brigade-intervention-model-manual.
The Table reference corresponds to the letter on the top right-hand corner of the relevant activity box from the FBIM Charts see Section 5 of Fire Brigade Intervention Model Manual.
Letter/s in corner reference
appropriate table for calculation
A
Page 3 of 54 © AFAC 2020 Fire Brigade Intervention Model Dataset Version 2020.05
Contents TABLES ........................................................................................................................................................................ 5
TABLE A TIME TO DEPRESSURISE SYSTEM AND ACTIVATE ALARM .......................................................................................... 5 TABLE B TIMES FOR ALARMS/FIRE VERIFICATION AND ANY NOTIFICATION DELAYS .................................................................... 5 TABLE C TIMES FOR RECEIPT OF INFORMATION ................................................................................................................ 5 TABLE D TIMES FOR DISPATCH ...................................................................................................................................... 5 TABLE E TIMES FOR FIREFIGHTER RESPONSE .................................................................................................................... 6 TABLE F TIME TRAVEL FOR BRIGADE APPLIANCES .............................................................................................................. 6 TABLE G TIME DELAY FOR BUILDING ENTRY ...................................................................................................................... 6 TABLE H TIME TO COMMUNICATE WITH WARDEN ............................................................................................................. 6 TABLE I TIME TO FORCE ENTRY .................................................................................................................................... 7 TABLE J TIME TO GAIN ENTRY (WITH KEYS) .................................................................................................................... 7 TABLE K TIME TO RESOLVE WAY FINDING ........................................................................................................................ 7 TABLE L TIME FOR INFORMATION GATHERING ................................................................................................................. 7 TABLE M TIME TO DISMOUNT APPLIANCE AND DON BA ...................................................................................................... 8 TABLE N TIME TO DON SAFETY EQUIPMENT ..................................................................................................................... 8 TABLE O TIME TO CONDUCT SAFETY PROCEDURES OR ASSEMBLE SAFETY EQUIPMENT ............................................................... 8 TABLE P TIME TO REMOVE NECESSARY TOOLS FROM APPLIANCE .......................................................................................... 8 TABLE Q FIREFIGHTER HORIZONTAL TRAVEL SPEED ............................................................................................................ 9 TABLE R FIREFIGHTER VERTICAL TRAVEL SPEEDS ............................................................................................................... 9 TABLE S TIME FOR HINDRANCE FACTOR CAUSED BY OCCUPANTS EVACUATING ........................................................................ 9 TABLE T FIREFIGHTER STAIR TRAVEL SPEED ...................................................................................................................... 9 TABLE U TIME TO POSITION APPLIANCE AT ENTRANCE ...................................................................................................... 10 TABLE V TIME TO LAY, CONNECT AND CHARGE HOSE ....................................................................................................... 10 TABLE W TIME TO SEARCH FOR EXTERNAL WATER SOURCE................................................................................................. 10 TABLE X TIME TO OBTAIN STATIC WATER ...................................................................................................................... 11 TABLE Y TIMES FOR SEARCH AND RESCUE ...................................................................................................................... 11 TABLE Z TIME TO SET UP AERIAL EQUIPMENT ................................................................................................................. 11
GRAPHS .................................................................................................................................................................... 12
M – DISMOUNT AND DON BA ............................................................................................................................................. 12 Graph M Dismount appliance and don BA .................................................................................................. 12
N – DON SAFETY EQUIPMENT ............................................................................................................................................. 13 Graph N Don BA and hazardous incident suit ............................................................................................ 13
O - SAFETY PROCEDURES AND EQUIPMENT ............................................................................................................................ 14 Graph O1 Flush hydrant ............................................................................................................................... 14 Graph O2 Obtain hazardous material information from communications centre ....................................... 15 Graph O3 Decontamination unit set-up ....................................................................................................... 16 Graph O4 Assemble miscellaneous safety equipment ................................................................................. 17
P – NECESSARY TOOLS ....................................................................................................................................................... 18 Graph P1 Time to remove hydrant equipment ............................................................................................ 18 Graph P2 Time to remove high rise pack or similar ..................................................................................... 19
Q - HORIZONTAL TRAVEL .................................................................................................................................................... 20 Graph Q1 Horizontal travel in turnout uniform ............................................................................................ 20 Graph Q2 Horizontal travel in turnout uniform with equipment ................................................................. 21 Graph Q3 Horizontal travel in turnout uniform in BA with or without equipment ...................................... 22 Graph Q4 Horizontal travel in full hazardous incident suit in BA ................................................................. 23
T - STAIR TRAVEL .............................................................................................................................................................. 24 Graph T1 Ascend stairs in BA with equipment............................................................................................. 24 Graph T2 Ascend stairs with high pressure hose ......................................................................................... 25 Graph T3 Ascend stairs with 38 mm f hose ................................................................................................. 26 Graph T4 Ascend stairs with 65 mm f hose ................................................................................................. 27 Graph T5 Descend stairs in BA ..................................................................................................................... 28 Graph T6 Rest breaks................................................................................................................................... 29
V - LAY, CONNECT AND CHARGE HOSE .................................................................................................................................. 30
Page 4 of 54 © AFAC 2020 Fire Brigade Intervention Model Dataset Version 2020.05
Graph V1.1 Remove, connect & charge 90mm hose from hydrant to appliance ............................................ 30 Graph V1.2 Remove, connect & charge 65 mm hose from hydrant to appliance ........................................... 31 Graph V2.1 Remove & connect 65 mm hose from appliance to branch ......................................................... 32 Graph V2.2 Remove & connect 38 mm hose from appliance to branch ......................................................... 33 Graph V3 Remove & connect 65 mm hose from appliance to booster connections .................................... 34 Graph V4.1 Charge 65 mm delivery hose from appliance............................................................................... 35 Graph V4.2 Charge 38 mm delivery hose from appliance............................................................................... 36 Graph V5.1 Connect 65 mm hose to boosted hydrant and charge ................................................................. 37 Graph V5.2 Connect 38 mm hose to boosted hydrant and charge ................................................................. 38
X - OBTAIN STATIC WATER ................................................................................................................................................. 39 Graph X1 Time to position appliance ........................................................................................................... 39 Graph X2 Time to remove suction hose and connect to tank ...................................................................... 40 Graph X3 Time to prime suction hose from tank ......................................................................................... 41 Graph X4 Time to secure suction for open water drop ................................................................................ 42 Graph X5 Time to lower suction hose to open water and prime ................................................................. 43
Y - SEARCH AND RESCUE ..................................................................................................................................................... 44 Graph Y1 Time to complete secondary search ............................................................................................ 44 Graph Y2 Time to remove/rescue person .................................................................................................... 45
Z - AERIAL APPLIANCES ....................................................................................................................................................... 46 Graph Z1 Time to position aerial appliance ................................................................................................. 46 Graph Z2.1 Time to set up appliance in preparation for use – teleboom ....................................................... 47 Graph Z2.2 Time to set up appliance in preparation for use - TT ladder ........................................................ 48 Graph Z2.3 Time to set up appliance in preparation for use – platform ........................................................ 49 Graph Z3 Time to conduct safety procedures .............................................................................................. 50 Graph Z4.1 Time to elevate & manoeuvre appliance 180 degrees – teleboom .............................................. 51 Graph Z4.2 Time to elevate & manoeuvre appliance 180 degrees - TT ladder............................................... 52 Graph Z4.3 Time to elevate & manoeuvre appliance 180 degrees – platform ............................................... 53 Graph Z5 Time to charge monitor ............................................................................................................... 54
Page 5 of 54 © AFAC 2020 Fire Brigade Intervention Model Dataset Version 2020.05
TABLES Table A Time to depressurise system and activate alarm
System type floor area of installation Time (s) AS 2118.1 n/a 180–360 combined OHI < 1000 m2 10 combined OHI 1000 m2 > 2000 m2 20 combined OHI >2000 m2 50
Table B Times for alarms/fire verification and any notification delays
Activity Time (s) Time delay for alarm verification 20 Time to verify fire designer to supply Time delay until notification of fire brigade designer to supply Time delay for access, dial and connection designer to supply Time for special option to contact fire brigade to be advised*
*In consultation with appropriate fire service Table C Times for receipt of information
Activity Time (s) Time to receive and take down verbal information 60 Time for alternative option to be received and understood to be advised*
*In consultation with appropriate fire service Table D Times for dispatch
Activity Time (s) Special dispatch time to be assessed to be advised Time to relay dispatch information by fully electronic CAD
system
0 Time to relay information by part manual CAD system
15 Time to relay dispatch information by phone or radio
30
Page 6 of 54 © AFAC 2020 Fire Brigade Intervention Model Dataset Version 2020.05
Table E Times for firefighter response
Activity Time (s) Time to travel to fire station, dress, assemble, assimilate
information and leave station
480 Time to dress, assimilate information and depart 90 Time to make up and become mobile 60
Table F Time travel for brigade appliances
1. Appliance travel time to site Building Address Appropriate/Agreed
Fire Station Address Distance Day of the
week Time of
Day Time Range
[Building Address] [Responding Fire Station Address]
[XX] km Tuesday 08:30 [XX-XX] mins 12:00 [XX-XX] mins 17:00 [XX-XX] mins 23:00 [XX-XX] mins
Friday 08:30 [XX-XX] mins 12:00 [XX-XX] mins 17:00 [XX-XX] mins 23:00 [XX-XX] mins
Saturday 08:30 [XX-XX] mins 12:00 [XX-XX] mins 17:00 [XX-XX] mins 23:00 [XX-XX] mins
2. Appliance travel time through site
Activity Speed Appliance speed for travel through site 8km p/hour
Table G Time delay for building entry
Activity Time (s) Time for any security procedure designer to supply
Table H Time to communicate with warden
Building floor area (m2) Time (s) < 1000 30 > 1000, < 5000 45 > 5000 90
Page 7 of 54 © AFAC 2020 Fire Brigade Intervention Model Dataset Version 2020.05
Table I Time to force entry
Door type Time (s) Inward opening, side hung door 30 Outward opening, side hung fire door 180 Outward opening, side hung solid core door 90 Inward opening, hollow core door 15 Outward opening, hollow core door 45 Glass door 15 Roller security/steel door 220 Chained gate 45
Table J Time to gain entry (with keys)
Door type Time (s) Side hung door 10 Roller security door 30 Gate 30
Table K Time to resolve way finding
Complexity/building size Time (s) Multi-level, numerous enclosures & passages 30 Multi-level, open plan 10 Single storey, numerous enclosures & passages, floor area > 5000 m2 45 Single storey, open plan 10 Single storey, numerous enclosures & passages, floor area < 5000 m2 30
Table L Time for information gathering (for interrogation of a FDCIE complying with AS 1603.4)
Building floor area (m2) Time (s) < 5000 30 > 5000, < 10000 60 < 10000 90
Page 8 of 54 © AFAC 2020 Fire Brigade Intervention Model Dataset Version 2020.05
Table M Time to dismount appliance and don BA NOTE: Statistical data accompanies this table. Refer M series graphs.
Activity Time (s) µ σ dismount appliance and don BA 88.1 34.9
Table N Time to don safety equipment NOTE: Statistical data accompanies this table. Refer N series graphs.
Equipment type Time (s) µ σ don BA and hazardous incident suit 584.4 298.0
Table O Time to conduct safety procedures or assemble safety equipment NOTE: Statistical data accompanies this table. Refer O series graphs.
Graph Safety Procedure Time (s) µ σ
O1 flush hydrant 32.8 20.6 O2 obtain hazardous material information from
communication centre
701.0
409.5 O3 decontamination unit set up 764.9 186.1 O4 assemble miscellaneous safety equipment 290.6 132.1
Table P Time to remove necessary tools from appliance NOTE: Statistical distribution data accompanies this table. Refer P series graphs.
Graph Tools/Equipment Time (s)
µ σ P1 hydrant equipment 32.5 18.1 – forced entry tools 25 –
P2 high rise pack or similar 13.5 6.0
Page 9 of 54 © AFAC 2020 Fire Brigade Intervention Model Dataset Version 2020.05
Table Q Firefighter horizontal travel speed NOTES: 1This speed data has been collected in clear or light smoke obscuration conditions. 2Statistical data accompanies this table. Refer Q series graphs.
Graph Travel conditions Speed (m/s)
µ σ Q1 dressed in turnout uniform 2.3 1.4 Q2 dressed in turnout uniform with equipment 1.9 1.3 Q3 dressed in turnout uniform in BA with or without
equipment
1.4
0.6 Q4 dressed in full hazardous incident suit in BA 0.8 0.5
Table R Firefighter vertical travel speeds
Conditions Speed (m/s) fireman’s lift designer to supply loading time 30 s
Table S Time for hindrance factor caused by occupants evacuating
Activity Time (s) hindrance factor due to occupant
evacuation refer evacuation model, apply an
appropriate factor Table T Firefighter stair travel speed NOTES: 1This speed data has been collected in clear or light smoke obscuration conditions. 2Statistical data accompanies this table. Refer T series graphs.
Graph Travel conditions Speed (steps/s)
µ σ T1 ascend stairs in BA with equipment 0.9 0.4 T2 ascend stairs with high pressure hose 0.5 0.3 T3 ascend stairs with 65 mm diameter hose 0.7 0.3 T4 ascend stairs with 38 mm diameter hose 0.8 0.3 T5 descend stairs in BA 1.0 0.5 T6 rest breaks (valid after 6 stair flights) 1.9 0.8
Page 10 of 54 © AFAC 2020 Fire Brigade Intervention Model Dataset Version 2020.05
Table U Time to position appliance at entrance
Activity Time (m/s) position appliance at entrance 2
Table V Time to lay, connect and charge hose NOTE: Statistical data accompanies this table. Refer V series graphs.
Graph Hose connection conditions Hose φ (mm) Time (s)
(all times per 30 m hose length) µ σ V1.1 remove, connect & charge hose from hydrant to
appliance:
90
144.7
90.2 V1.2 65 60.4 30.2 V2.1 remove & connect hose from appliance to
branch:
65
39.4
17.4 V2.2 38 33.3 15.4 V3 remove & connect hose from appliance to
booster connections:
65
45.3
17.1 V4.1 charge delivery hose from appliance: 65 20.3 13.2 V4.2 38 18.4 10.2 V5.1 connect hose to boosted hydrant and charge: 65 59.6 37.9 V5.2 38 40.9 17.8
Table W Time to search for external water source
External search for street main hydrant Time (s) where street hydrant is < 30 m from appliance set-up additional 30 s where street hydrant is > 30 m < 60 m from appliance set-up additional 90 s where street hydrant is > 60 m from appliance set-up additional 180 s
Page 11 of 54 © AFAC 2020 Fire Brigade Intervention Model Dataset Version 2020.05
Table X Time to obtain static water NOTE: Statistical data accompanies this table. Refer X series graphs.
Graph Activity Time (s) µ σ
X1 position appliance (m/s) 1.1 0.5 X2 remove suction hose and connect to tank (seconds/3 meter
length of suction hose)
18.6
7.5 X3 prime suction hose from tank (s) 23.5 15.3 X4 secure suction for open water drop (s) 97.7 54.4 X5 lower suction hose to open water and prime (s) 60.7 37.9
Table Y Times for search and rescue NOTES: 1Statistical data accompanies this table. Refer Y series graphs.
2Times indicated have been conducted in simulated smoke-logged conditions. Perimeter and area search times were measured separately but found to be similar, Therefore, there is no differentiation in times between them. 3For search in clear or light smoke conditions (primary search), travel speeds taken from Table Q may be used.
Graph Activity Time (s)
µ σ – set up staged BA control procedure – –
Y1 secondary search (m2/s) 0.16 0.05 Y2 remove/rescue person (m/s) 0.05 0.03 Q3 primary search (m/s) 1.4 0.6 – replenish BA set and recovery – –
Table Z Time to set up aerial equipment NOTE: Statistical data accompanies this table. Refer Z series graphs.
Graph Aerial appliance set–up Time (s) µ σ
Z1 position aerial appliance (m/s)…………………………….. 0.54 0.32 Z2.1 set up appliance in preparation for use (s): teleboom 56.6 17.6 Z2.2 ……………………………………………………………………………. TT ladder 292.0 222.1 Z2.3 ……………………………………………………………………………. platform 145.9 59.4 Z3 conduct safety procedures (s)…………………………….. 62.9 33.7
Z4.1 elevate and manoeuvre appliance 180° (m/s): teleboom 0.11 0.04 Z4.2 ……………………………………………………………………………. TT ladder 0.18 0.09 Z4.3 ……………………………………………………………………………. platform 0.12 0.05 Z5 charge monitor (s)………………………………………………. 31.5 25.0
Page 12 of 54 © AFAC 2020 Fire Brigade Intervention Model Dataset Version 2020.05
GRAPHS
M – Dismount and Don BA Graph M Dismount appliance and don BA
Sample size 259 Mean 88.1 s Standard Deviation 34.9 s Minimum Value 10.0 s Maximum Value 187.0 s
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
CUM
ULA
TIVE
FRE
QU
ENCY
SECONDS
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
FREQ
UEN
CY
SECONDS
Page 13 of 54 © AFAC 2020 Fire Brigade Intervention Model Dataset Version 2020.05
N – Don Safety Equipment Graph N Don BA and hazardous incident suit
Sample size 40 Mean 584.5 s Standard Deviation 298.0 s Minimum Value 200.0 s Maximum Value 1155.0 s
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500
CUM
ULA
TIVE
FRE
QU
ENCY
SECONDS
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
FREQ
UEN
CY
SECONDS
Page 14 of 54 © AFAC 2020 Fire Brigade Intervention Model Dataset Version 2020.05
O - Safety Procedures and Equipment Graph O1 Flush hydrant
Sample size 124 Mean 32.80 s Standard Deviation 20.64 s Minimum Value 4.00 s Maximum Value 100.00 s
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
0 15 30 45 60 75 90 105 120 135 150
CUM
ULA
TIVE
FRE
QU
ENCY
SECONDS
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
0 15 30 45 60 75 90 105 120 135 150
FREQ
UEN
CY
SECONDS
Page 15 of 54 © AFAC 2020 Fire Brigade Intervention Model Dataset Version 2020.05
Graph O2 Obtain hazardous material information from communications centre
Sample size 49 Mean 701.0 s Standard Deviation 409.5 s Minimum Value 153.0 s Maximum Value 1400.0 s
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000
CUM
ULA
TIVE
FRE
QU
ENCY
SECONDS
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
FREQ
UEN
CY
SECONDS
Page 16 of 54 © AFAC 2020 Fire Brigade Intervention Model Dataset Version 2020.05
Graph O3 Decontamination unit set-up
Sample size 7 Mean 764.9 s Standard Deviation 186.1 s Minimum Value 624.0 s Maximum Value 1170.0 s
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500
CUM
ULA
TIVE
FRE
QU
ENCY
SECONDS
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
FREQ
UEN
CY
SECONDS
Page 17 of 54 © AFAC 2020 Fire Brigade Intervention Model Dataset Version 2020.05
Graph O4 Assemble miscellaneous safety equipment
Sample size 7 Mean 290.6 s Standard Deviation 132.1 s Minimum Value 97.0 s Maximum Value 465.0 s
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
CUM
ULA
TIVE
FRE
QU
ENCY
SECONDS
-0.5
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
FREQ
UEN
CY
SECONDS
Page 18 of 54 © AFAC 2020 Fire Brigade Intervention Model Dataset Version 2020.05
P – Necessary Tools Graph P1 Time to remove hydrant equipment
Sample size 125 Mean 32.5 s Standard Deviation 18.1 s Minimum Value 7.0 s Maximum Value 90.0 s
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
0 15 30 45 60 75 90 105 120 135 150
CUM
ULA
TIVE
FRE
QU
ENCY
SECONDS
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
0 15 30 45 60 75 90 105 120 135 150
FREQ
UEN
CY
SECONDS
Page 19 of 54 © AFAC 2020 Fire Brigade Intervention Model Dataset Version 2020.05
Graph P2 Time to remove high rise pack or similar
Sample size 39 Mean 13.5 s Standard Deviation 6.0 s Minimum Value 5.0 s Maximum Value 30.0 s
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
CUM
ULA
TIVE
FRE
QU
ENCY
SECONDS
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
FREQ
UEN
CY
SECONDS
Page 20 of 54 © AFAC 2020 Fire Brigade Intervention Model Dataset Version 2020.05
Q - Horizontal Travel Graph Q1 Horizontal travel in turnout uniform
Sample size 246 Mean 2.33 m/s Standard Deviation 1.44 m/s Minimum Value 0.32 m/s Maximum Value 6.25 m/s
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
CUM
ULA
TIVE
FRE
QU
ENCY
METRES PER SECOND
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
FREQ
UEN
CY
METRES PER SECOND
Page 21 of 54 © AFAC 2020 Fire Brigade Intervention Model Dataset Version 2020.05
Graph Q2 Horizontal travel in turnout uniform with equipment
Sample size 159 Mean 1.95 m/s Standard Deviation 1.27 m/s Minimum Value 0.13 m/s Maximum Value 6.00 m/s
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
CUM
ULA
TIVE
FRE
QU
ENCY
METRES PER SECOND
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
FREQ
UEN
CY
METRES PER SECOND
Page 22 of 54 © AFAC 2020 Fire Brigade Intervention Model Dataset Version 2020.05
Graph Q3 Horizontal travel in turnout uniform in BA with or without equipment
Sample size 111 Mean 1.39 m/s Standard Deviation 0.57 m/s Minimum Value 0.28 m/s Maximum Value 3.33 m/s
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5
CUM
ULA
TIVE
FRE
QU
ENCY
METRES PER SECOND
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5
FREQ
UEN
CY
METRES PER SECOND
Page 23 of 54 © AFAC 2020 Fire Brigade Intervention Model Dataset Version 2020.05
Graph Q4 Horizontal travel in full hazardous incident suit in BA
Sample size 48 Mean 0.83 m/s Standard Deviation 0.54 m/s Minimum Value 0.13 m/s Maximum Value 2.50 m/s
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5
CUM
ULA
TIVE
FRE
QU
ENCY
METRES PER SECOND
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5
FREQ
UEN
CY
METRES PER SECOND
Page 24 of 54 © AFAC 2020 Fire Brigade Intervention Model Dataset Version 2020.05
T - Stair Travel Graph T1 Ascend stairs in BA with equipment
Sample size 73.0 Mean 0.94 steps/s Standard Deviation 0.45 steps/s Minimum Value 0.25 steps/s Maximum Value 2.10 steps/s
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
0 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6 2 2.4 2.8 3.2 3.6 4
CUM
ULA
TIVE
FRE
QU
ENCY
STEPS PER SECOND
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
0 0.4
0.8
1.2
1.6
2 2.4
2.8
3.2
3.6
4
FREQ
UEN
CY
STEPS PER SECOND
Page 25 of 54 © AFAC 2020 Fire Brigade Intervention Model Dataset Version 2020.05
Graph T2 Ascend stairs with high pressure hose
Sample size 33.0 Mean 0.48 steps/s Standard Deviation 0.28 steps/s Minimum Value 0.09 steps/s Maximum Value 1.21 steps/s
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2
CUM
ULA
TIVE
FRE
QU
ENCY
STEPS PER SECOND
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
0 0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1 1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2
FREQ
UEN
CY
STEPS PER SECOND
Page 26 of 54 © AFAC 2020 Fire Brigade Intervention Model Dataset Version 2020.05
Graph T3 Ascend stairs with 38 mm f hose
Sample size 33 Mean 0.77 steps/s Standard Deviation 0.27 steps/s Minimum Value 0.40 steps/s Maximum Value 1.40 steps/s
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
0 0.3 0.6 0.9 1.2 1.5 1.8 2.1 2.4 2.7 3
CUM
ULA
TIVE
FRE
QU
ENCY
STEPS PER SECOND
02468
101214161820
0 0.3
0.6
0.9
1.2
1.5
1.8
2.1
2.4
2.7
3
FREQ
UEN
CY
STEPS PER SECOND
Page 27 of 54 © AFAC 2020 Fire Brigade Intervention Model Dataset Version 2020.05
Graph T4 Ascend stairs with 65 mm f hose
Sample size 34 Mean 0.71 steps/s Standard Deviation 0.31 steps/s Minimum Value 0.15 steps/s Maximum Value 1.40 steps/s
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
0 0.3 0.6 0.9 1.2 1.5 1.8 2.1 2.4 2.7 3
CUM
ULA
TIVE
FRE
QU
ENCY
STEPS PER SECOND
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
0 0.3
0.6
0.9
1.2
1.5
1.8
2.1
2.4
2.7
3
FREQ
UEN
CY
STEPS PER SECOND
Page 28 of 54 © AFAC 2020 Fire Brigade Intervention Model Dataset Version 2020.05
Graph T5 Descend stairs in BA
Sample size 68 Mean 0.97 steps/s Standard Deviation 0.45 steps/s Minimum Value 0.20 steps/s Maximum Value 2.55 steps/s
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
0 0.3 0.6 0.9 1.2 1.5 1.8 2.1 2.4 2.7 3
CUM
ULA
TIVE
FRE
QU
ENCY
STEPS PER SECOND
0
5
10
15
20
25
0 0.3 0.6 0.9 1.2 1.5 1.8 2.1 2.4 2.7 3
FREQ
UEN
CY
STEPS PER SECOND
Page 29 of 54 © AFAC 2020 Fire Brigade Intervention Model Dataset Version 2020.05
Graph T6 Rest breaks
Sample size 11 Mean 1.86 steps/s Standard Deviation 0.82 steps/s Minimum Value 0.50 steps/s Maximum Value 3.20 steps/s
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
0 0.75 1.5 2.25 3 3.75 4.5 5.25 6 6.75 7.5
CUM
ULA
TIVE
FRE
QU
ENCY
STEPS PER SECOND
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
0 0.75
1.5
2.25
3 3.75
4.5
5.25
6 6.75
7.5
FREQ
UEN
CY
STEPS PER SECOND
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V - Lay, Connect and Charge Hose Graph V1.1 Remove, connect & charge 90mm hose from hydrant to appliance
Sample size 3 Mean 144.7 s/30 m hose Standard Deviation 90.2 s/30 m hose Minimum Value 50.0 s/30 m hose Maximum Value 266.0 s/30 m hose
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500
CUM
ULA
TIVE
FRE
QU
ENCY
SECONDS PER 30 METRE HOSE LENGTH
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
FREQ
UEN
CY
SECONDS PER 30 METRE HOSE LENGTH
Page 31 of 54 © AFAC 2020 Fire Brigade Intervention Model Dataset Version 2020.05
Graph V1.2 Remove, connect & charge 65 mm hose from hydrant to appliance
Sample size 156 Mean 60.4 s/30 m hose Standard Deviation 30.2 s/30 m hose Minimum Value 14.0 s/30 m hose Maximum Value 154.4 s/30 m hose
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
CUM
ULA
TIVE
FRE
QU
ENCY
SECONDS PER 30 METRE HOSE LENGTH
05
101520253035404550
0 20 40 60 80 100
120
140
160
180
200
FREQ
UEN
CY
SECONDS PER 30 METRE HOSE LENGTH
Page 32 of 54 © AFAC 2020 Fire Brigade Intervention Model Dataset Version 2020.05
Graph V2.1 Remove & connect 65 mm hose from appliance to branch
Sample size 82 Mean 39.4 s/30 m hose Standard Deviation 17.4 s/30 m hose Minimum Value 6.0 s/30 m hose Maximum Value 80.0 s/30 m hose
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
0 15 30 45 60 75 90 105 120 135 150
CUM
ULA
TIVE
FRE
QU
ENCY
SECONDS PER 30 METRE HOSE LENGTH
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
0 15 30 45 60 75 90 105
120
135
150
FREQ
UEN
CY
SECONDS PER 30 METRE HOSE LENGTH
Page 33 of 54 © AFAC 2020 Fire Brigade Intervention Model Dataset Version 2020.05
Graph V2.2 Remove & connect 38 mm hose from appliance to branch
Sample size 36 Mean 33.3 s/30 m hose Standard Deviation 15.4 s/30 m hose Minimum Value 2.0 s/30 m hose Maximum Value 70.7 s/30 m hose
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
0 15 30 45 60 75 90 105 120 135 150
CUM
ULA
TIVE
FRE
QU
ENCY
SECONDS PER 30 METRE HOSE LENGTH
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
0 15 30 45 60 75 90 105
120
135
150
FREQ
UEN
CY
SECONDS PER 30 METRR HOSE LENGTH
Page 34 of 54 © AFAC 2020 Fire Brigade Intervention Model Dataset Version 2020.05
Graph V3 Remove & connect 65 mm hose from appliance to booster connections
Sample size 39 Mean 45.3 s/30 m hose Standard Deviation 17.1 s/30 m hose Minimum Value 17.5 s/30 m hose Maximum Value 80.0 s/30 m hose
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
0 15 30 45 60 75 90 105 120 135 150
CUM
ULA
TIVE
FRE
QU
ENCY
SECONDS PER 30 METRE HOSE LENGTH
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
0 15 30 45 60 75 90 105
120
135
150
FREQ
UEN
CY
SECONDS PER 30 METRE HOSE LENGTH
Page 35 of 54 © AFAC 2020 Fire Brigade Intervention Model Dataset Version 2020.05
Graph V4.1 Charge 65 mm delivery hose from appliance
Sample size 119 Mean 20.3 s/30 m hose Standard Deviation 13.2 s/30 m hose Minimum Value 2.5 s/30 m hose Maximum Value 80.0 s/30 m hose
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
0 15 30 45 60 75 90 105 120 135 150
CUM
ULA
TIVE
FRE
QU
ENCY
SECONDS PER 30 METRE HOSE LENGTH
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
0 15 30 45 60 75 90 105 120 135 150
FREQ
UEN
CY
SECONDS PER 30 METRE HOSE LENGTH
Page 36 of 54 © AFAC 2020 Fire Brigade Intervention Model Dataset Version 2020.05
Graph V4.2 Charge 38 mm delivery hose from appliance
Sample size 37 Mean 18.42 s/30 m hose Standard Deviation 10.19 s/30 m hose Minimum Value 6.00 s/30 m hose Maximum Value 45.00 s/30 m hose
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
CUM
ULA
TIVE
FRE
QU
ENCY
SECONDS PER 30 METRE HOSE LENGTH
02468
101214161820
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
FREQ
UEN
CY
SECONDS PER 30 METRE HOSE LENGTH
Page 37 of 54 © AFAC 2020 Fire Brigade Intervention Model Dataset Version 2020.05
Graph V5.1 Connect 65 mm hose to boosted hydrant and charge
Sample size 52 Mean 59.59 s/30 m hose Standard Deviation 37.89 s/30 m hose Minimum Value 15.00 s/30 m hose Maximum Value 163.00 s/30 m hose
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300
CUM
ULA
TIVE
FRE
QU
ENCY
SECONDS PER 30 METRE HOSE LENGTH
0
5
10
15
20
25
FREQ
UEN
CY
SECONDS PER 30 METRE HOSE LENGTH
Page 38 of 54 © AFAC 2020 Fire Brigade Intervention Model Dataset Version 2020.05
Graph V5.2 Connect 38 mm hose to boosted hydrant and charge
Sample size 28 Mean 40.9 s/30 m hose Standard Deviation 17.8 s/30 m hose Minimum Value 14.0 s/30 m hose Maximum Value 90.0 s/30 m hose
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
CUM
ULA
TIVE
FRE
QU
ENCY
SECONDS PER 30 METRE HOSE LENGTH
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100110
FREQ
UEN
CY
SECONDS PER 30 METRE HOSE LENGTH
Page 39 of 54 © AFAC 2020 Fire Brigade Intervention Model Dataset Version 2020.05
X - Obtain Static Water Graph X1 Time to position appliance
Sample size 84 Mean 1.09 m/s Standard Deviation 0.48 m/s Minimum Value 0.16 m/s Maximum Value 2.42 m/s
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5
CUM
ULA
TIVE
FRE
QU
ENCY
METRES PER SECOND
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5
FREQ
UEN
CY
METRES PER SECOND
Page 40 of 54 © AFAC 2020 Fire Brigade Intervention Model Dataset Version 2020.05
Graph X2 Time to remove suction hose and connect to tank
Sample size 85 Mean 18.6 s/m length Standard Deviation 7.5 s/m length Minimum Value 3.0 s/m length Maximum Value 37.5 s/m length
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
CUM
ULA
TIVE
FRE
QU
ENCY
SECONDS PER METRE LENGTH
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
FREQ
UEN
CY
SECOND PER METRE LENGTH
Page 41 of 54 © AFAC 2020 Fire Brigade Intervention Model Dataset Version 2020.05
Graph X3 Time to prime suction hose from tank
Sample size 39 Mean 23.5 s Standard Deviation 15.3 s Minimum Value 7.0 s Maximum Value 70.0 s
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
0 15 30 45 60 75 90 105 120 135 150
CUM
ULA
TIVE
FRE
QU
ENCY
SECONDS
02468
101214161820
0 15 30 45 60 75 90 105120135150
FREQ
UEN
CY
SECONDS
Page 42 of 54 © AFAC 2020 Fire Brigade Intervention Model Dataset Version 2020.05
Graph X4 Time to secure suction for open water drop
Sample size 49 Mean 97.7 s Standard Deviation 54.4 s Minimum Value 23.0 s Maximum Value 265.0 s
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
0 40 80 120 160 200 240 280 320 360 400
CUM
ULA
TIVE
FRE
QU
ENCY
SECONDS
0
5
10
15
20
25
0 40 80 120160200240280320360400
FREQ
UEN
CY
SECONDS
Page 43 of 54 © AFAC 2020 Fire Brigade Intervention Model Dataset Version 2020.05
Graph X5 Time to lower suction hose to open water and prime
Sample size 48 Mean 60.7 s Standard Deviation 37.9 s Minimum Value 10.0 s Maximum Value 180.0 s
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300
CUM
ULA
TIVE
FRE
QU
ENCY
SECONDS
0
5
10
15
20
25
FREQ
UEN
CY
SECONDS
Page 44 of 54 © AFAC 2020 Fire Brigade Intervention Model Dataset Version 2020.05
Y - Search and Rescue Graph Y1 Time to complete secondary search
Sample size 28 Mean 0.16 m2/s Standard Deviation 0.05 m2/s Minimum Value 0.07 m2/s Maximum Value 0.30 m2/s
.00%
20.00%
40.00%
60.00%
80.00%
100.00%
120.00%
0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4 0.45 0.5 0.55 0.6
CUM
ULA
TIVE
FRE
QU
ENCY
METRE SQUARED PER SECOND
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
FREQ
UEN
CY
METRE SQUARED PER SECOND
Page 45 of 54 © AFAC 2020 Fire Brigade Intervention Model Dataset Version 2020.05
Graph Y2 Time to remove/rescue person
Sample size 27 Mean 0.05 m/s Standard Deviation 0.03 m/s Minimum Value 0.01 m/s Maximum Value 0.13 m/s
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
0 0.03 0.06 0.09 0.12 0.15 0.18 0.21 0.24 0.27 0.3
CUM
ULA
TIVE
FRE
QU
ENCY
METRES PER SECOND
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
FREQ
UEN
CY
METRES PER SECOND
Page 46 of 54 © AFAC 2020 Fire Brigade Intervention Model Dataset Version 2020.05
Z - Aerial Appliances Graph Z1 Time to position aerial appliance
Sample size 60 Mean 0.54 m/s Standard Deviation 0.32 m/s Minimum Value 0.02 m/s Maximum Value 1.60 m/s
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2
CUM
ULA
TIVE
FRE
QU
ENCY
METRES PER SECOND
02468
101214161820
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2
FREQ
UEN
CY
METRES PER SECOND
Page 47 of 54 © AFAC 2020 Fire Brigade Intervention Model Dataset Version 2020.05
Graph Z2.1 Time to set up appliance in preparation for use – teleboom
Sample size 20 Mean 56.60 s Standard Deviation 17.57 s Minimum Value 40.00 s Maximum Value 105.00 s
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120
CUM
ULA
TIVE
FRE
QU
ENCY
SECONDS
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
110
120
FREQ
UEN
CY
SECONDS
Page 48 of 54 © AFAC 2020 Fire Brigade Intervention Model Dataset Version 2020.05
Graph Z2.2 Time to set up appliance in preparation for use - TT ladder
Sample size 6 Mean 292.0 s Standard Deviation 222.1 s Minimum Value 35.0 s Maximum Value 607.0 s
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
CUM
ULA
TIVE
FRE
QU
ENCY
SECONDS
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
FREQ
UEN
CY
SECONDS
Page 49 of 54 © AFAC 2020 Fire Brigade Intervention Model Dataset Version 2020.05
Graph Z2.3 Time to set up appliance in preparation for use – platform
Sample size 33 Mean 145.8 s Standard Deviation 59.3 s Minimum Value 35.0 s Maximum Value 210.0 s
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
0 40 80 120 160 200 240 280 320 360 400
CUM
ULA
TIVE
FRE
QU
ENCY
SECONDS
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
FREQ
UEN
CY
SECONDS
Page 50 of 54 © AFAC 2020 Fire Brigade Intervention Model Dataset Version 2020.05
Graph Z3 Time to conduct safety procedures
Sample size 59 Mean 62.9 s Standard Deviation 33.7 s Minimum Value 20.0 s Maximum Value 160.0 s
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
CUM
ULA
TIVE
FRE
QU
ENCY
SECONDS
0
5
10
15
20
25
0 20 40 60 80 100120140160180200
FREQ
UEN
CY
SECONDS
Page 51 of 54 © AFAC 2020 Fire Brigade Intervention Model Dataset Version 2020.05
Graph Z4.1 Time to elevate & manoeuvre appliance 180 degrees – teleboom
Sample size 22 Mean 0.11 m/s Standard Deviation 0.04 m/s Minimum Value 0.02 m/s Maximum Value 0.19 m/s
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
0 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.1 0.12 0.14 0.16 0.18 0.2 0.22 0.24
CUM
ULA
TIVE
FRE
QU
ENCY
METRES ELEVATION (INCLUDING MANOEUVRING) PER SECOND
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
FREQ
UEN
CY
METRES ELEVATION PER SECOND
Page 52 of 54 © AFAC 2020 Fire Brigade Intervention Model Dataset Version 2020.05
Graph Z4.2 Time to elevate & manoeuvre appliance 180 degrees - TT ladder
Sample size 7 Mean 0.18 m/s Standard Deviation 0.09 m/s Minimum Value 0.09 m/s Maximum Value 0.35 m/s
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4 0.45 0.5
FREQ
UEN
CY
METRES ELEVATION (INCLUDING MANOEUVRING) PER SECOND
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
FREQ
UEN
CY
METRES ELEVATION PER SECOND
Page 53 of 54 © AFAC 2020 Fire Brigade Intervention Model Dataset Version 2020.05
Graph Z4.3 Time to elevate & manoeuvre appliance 180 degrees – platform
Sample size 34 Mean 0.12 m/s Standard Deviation 0.05 m/s Minimum Value 0.04 m/s Maximum Value 0.22 m/s
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4 0.45 0.5
CUM
ULA
TIVE
FRE
QU
ENCY
METRES ELEVATION (INCLUDING MANOEUVRING) PER SECOND
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
FREQ
UEN
CY
METRES ELEVATION PER SECOND
Page 54 of 54 © AFAC 2020 Fire Brigade Intervention Model Dataset Version 2020.05
Graph Z5 Time to charge monitor
Sample size 57 Mean 31.5 s Standard Deviation 25.0 s Minimum Value 6.0 s Maximum Value 130.0 s
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 225 250
CUM
ULA
TIVE
FRE
QU
ENCY
SECONDS
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200
FREQ
UEN
CY
SECONDS
