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Background
An ear simulator is a standardised device used for the calibration and characterisation of audiometers, earphones, and telecommunications and audio equipment.
Two types of ear simulator are widely used: the artificial ear standardised in IEC 60318-1 and the acoustic coupler standardised in IEC 60318-3.
Description
The internal design of an artificial ear consists of three interconnected volumes to provide a complex impedance that mimics the nominal human ear
This is modelled using a lumped parameter approach, but its validity becomes questionable beyond a certain frequency.
A finite element model of the artificial ear has no such limitation. It can be used to:
– validate the lumped parameter model– model the characteristics of the ear simulator at higher frequencies
Conclusions
Poor agreement with lumped parameter model
Need to include viscosity effects
Working with PACSYS Ltd. to develop 1-D and 2-D viscous fluid finite elements