Findings KHDR 2012 Presentation

7/31/2019 Findings KHDR 2012 Presentation

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Content of Presentation

(a) Main Findings of the KHDR 2012 (I)

(b) HDI and Kosovo according to the GHDR 2011

(c) Gender breakdown of decision-making position-holders

Chapter 1: Marketplace Analysis through an Equity Lens

Chapter 2: Barriers to Inclusive Growth

Chapter 3: Impact on a Pro-People Marketplace

Chapter 4: Private Growth in the Social Context

Conclusion: Making Growth work for people

(d) Main Findings of the KHDR 2012 (II)

Recommendations presented by Dr. Mytaher Haskuka


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(a) Main Findings of the KHDR 2012 (I)

Private sector is the engine of generating employment

Greatest private sector development challenges are: enclave

mentalities, gender divides and a climate of economic andindividual performance

The active engagement of government, business owners and

Kosovans is a must.


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(b) Human Development IndexGlobal Human Development Report 2011

Human Development

Index (HDI)

Life expectancy at

birth (years)

Mean years of

schooling

Expected years of

schooling

Gross national income (GNI)

per capita

Slovenia 0.884 79.3 11.6 16.9 24,914

Croatia 0.796 76.6 9.8 13.9 15,729

Montenegro 0.771 74.6 10.6 13.7 10,361

Bulgaria 0.771 73.4 10.6 13.7 11,412

Serbia 0.766 74.5 10.2 13.7 10,236

Albania 0.739 76.9 10.4 11.3 7,803

Bosnia and Herzegovina 0.733 75.7 8.7 13.6 7,664

Macedonia (The former Yugoslav

Republic) 0.728 74.8 8.2 13.3 8,804

Kosovo 0.714 70.0 11.2 11.3 7,410


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(c) Gender breakdown of decision-making position-holders in Kosovo

Total Women Men

Ministers 18 2 16

Permanent Secretaries 18 2 16

Members of Parliament 120 40 80

Chairs of Parliamentary Committees 13 2 11

Mayors 36 0 36


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Chapter 1 |Unemployment rate, by age group


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Chapter 1 |Employment rate, by level of educationand by gender


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Chapter 1 |Contribution of different sectors toemployment

1%

3%

15%

0%

8%

10%

17%

11%

6%

8%

5%

0%

4%

2%

3%

4%

2%

1%

0%

2%

4%

6%

8%

10%

12%

14%

16%

18%

A B C D E F G H I J K L M O P Q R S

Agriculture, forestry and fishing (A); Mining and quarrying (B); Manufacturing (C); Electricity, gas, steam and airconditioning supply (D); Water supply, sewerage, waste management and remediation activities (E); Construction (F);

Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles (G); Transportation and storage (H);

Accommodation and food service activities (I); Information and communication (J); Financial and insurance activities

(K); Real estate activities (L); Professional, scientific and technical activities (M); Administrative and support service

activities (N); Public administration and defence; compulsory social security (O); Education (P); Human health and

social work activities (Q); Arts, entertainment and recreation (R); Other service activities (S); Activities of households

as employers; undifferentiated goods- and services-producing activities of households for own use (T); Activities of

extraterritorial organisations and bodies (U). Note: data from sectors predominantly in public ownership were excluded


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Chapter 1 |Average monthly salaries (in EUR) in centralEuropean and Balkan countries

246 260

451521

772932

1634

4217

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

Albania Kosovo Serbia Macedonia Montenegro Czech Republic Slovenia Germany


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Chapter 1 |Average salary by level of academicqualification

607.00

319.00

235.00

207.00

0.00

100.00

200.00

300.00

400.00

500.00

600.00

700.00

Postgraduate Graduates High School Primary School


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Chapter 1 |Firms employment growth by sector

30.80%

19.30%

10.80%

7.10%

-2.07%

-5.00%

0.00%

5.00%

10.00%

15.00%

20.00%

25.00%

30.00%

35.00%

Construction Agriculture Hotels, Restaurants and Bars Health Service Activities Manufacturing


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Chapter 1 |Regional distribution of enterprises


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Chapter 1 |Entrepreneur employment before starting uptheir business

42%29%

16%

8% 5%

Unemployed

Private Sector

Public Sector

Students

Diaspora


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Chapter 2 | Business barriers in Kosovo 2011

34.96

36.06

38.14

38.38

38.44

40.10

40.31

47.25

48.15

49.63

50.32

53.77

56.60

57.94

59.21

59.56

61.53

62.59

63.51

65.22

68.71

76.44

- 20.00 40.00 60.00 80.00 100.00

Telecommunications

Access to land

Labor regulations

Access to business services and information

Skills and education of available workers

Transportation

Business licensing and permits

Production standards

Customs and trade regulations

Tax administration

Tax rates

Functioning of the judiciary

Access to financing

Cost of financing

Political Instability

Contract violations by customers and Suppliers

Organized crime/mafia

Corruption

Electricity

Street crime, theft and disorder

Anti-competitive practices of other Competitors

Unfair Competition (evasion and informality)


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Chapter 2 | What business areas are most affected by

corruption?

31.06

31.67

32.64

35.99

37.93

39.39

0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00 30.00 35.00 40.00 45.00

Customs

Courts

Tax evasion

Government Contracts

Business Licences and Permits

Public services


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Chapter 2 | Tax evasion and labour informality by sectors

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90

Administrative and support service activities

Professional, scientific and technical activities

Electricity, gas, steam and air condition supply

Construction

Mining and quarrying

Information and Communication

Manufacturing

Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles

Other service activities

Public administration and defence; compulsory social security

Financial and insurance activities

Transportation and storage

Human health and social work activities

Accommodation and food service activities

Activities of household as employers

Real estate activities

Agriculture, forestry and fishing

Education

Water supply, sewerage, waste management and remediation activities

Other

Arts, entertainment and recreation

Labour Informality Evasion


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Chapter 3 | Source of finance

74%

11%

10%

2% 2% 1%

Own Capital

Banks

Family and friends

Remitances

Other

Grants and donations


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Chapter 3 | Barriers to new business activities

65%

15%

11% 5%4%

Finance

Uncertain business environment

Demand and competition

Law, regulation, taxes and licenses

Internal factors


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Chapter 3 |Barriers across regions

Pristina PrizrenPeja

Pec

Mitrovic

Mitrovica

Gjilan

Gnjilane

Ferizaj

Urosevac

1 Access to business services and information 36.36 38.39 53.79 36.31 37.05 39.47

2 Access to financing 65.6 33.76 56.67 53.92 68.64 51.42

3 Access to land 34.55 38.17 38.89 27.6 40.35 38.54

4Anti-competitive practices of other

competitors86.41 61.89 54.55 46.88 65.09 40.71

5 Business licensing and permits 37.97 40.32 48.86 27.04 47.08 43.48

6Contract violations by customers and

suppliers68.23 57.94 61.93 51.11 58.02 40.79

7 Corruption 75.93 59.52 68.98 38.78 65.35 42.68

8 Cost of financing 67.27 37.37 55.56 57.84 66.1 51.53

9 Customs and trade regulations 49.19 49.7 60.71 34.8 46.43 42.86

10 Electricity 54.82 59.79 75 81.86 64.17 69.55

11 Functioning of the judiciary 58.29 45.43 60.25 43 60.09 46.59

12 Labour regulations 35.63 37.9 43.85 26.96 49.58 40.1

13 Organized crime, mafia 78.24 62.2 62.21 39.29 61.11 41.22

14 Political instability 67.17 54.76 77.59 58.82 41.2 45.39

15 Production standards 52.95 40.63 60.26 45 39.22 41.43

16 Skills and education of available workers 37.2 32.37 52.16 27.04 46.49 41.6717 Street crime, theft and disorder 78.41 60.59 71.08 51.5 65 43.42

18 Tax administration 48.73 50 64.93 30.39 52.97 46.08

19 Tax rates 49.41 51.04 66.57 30.39 52.05 43.37

20 Telecommunications 33.45 31.7 39.12 30 38.52 41.5

21 Transportation 37.8 39.74 45.13 38.54 39.75 45.59

22 Unfair Competition (evasion and informality) 92.16 63.37 76.36 62 70.54 52.5


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Chapter 3 |Business ownership by women

across the world

11%

5%

18%

23%

19%

15%

29%

50%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

Kosovo Russsian

Federation

OECD 23

Average

Hong Kong US Japan China Thailand


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Chapter 3 | Barriers across sectors

Primary Secondary Tertiary

1 Access to business services and information 33.33 51.03 36.752 Access to financing 43.75 58.02 57.233 Access to land 37.5 42.86 35.344 Anti-competitive practices of other competitors 43.75 66.9 69.075 Business licensing and permits 43.75 47.4 39.196 Contract violations by customers and suppliers 62.5 65.14 58.847 Corruption 56.25 65.3 63.348 Cost of financing 56.25 60.49 57.989 Customs and trade regulations 75 60.67 46.57

10 Electricity 81.25 73.51 61.9611 Functioning of the judiciary 50 54.93 54.7212 Labour regulations 31.25 47.76 36.8913 Organized crime, mafia 43.75 68.56 61.6214 Political instability 62.5 67.39 59.8715 Production standards 41.67 53.31 47.0716 Skills and education of available workers 31.25 43.75 38.0617 Street crime, theft and disorder 50 69.78 66.2718 Tax administration 50 61.59 48.1519 Tax rates 50 60.19 49.0620 Telecommunications 37.5 37.35 34.5121 Transportation 37.5 46.95 39.1422

Unfair competition (evasion and informality)

62.5

81.51

76.18


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Chapter 4 |Academic qualification of employees

3%

19%

70%

8%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

Postgraduate Graduates High School Primary School


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Chapter 4 | Source of staff employment

44.50%

36.50%

15%

3.50%

Reccomendations Family

Public Announcements Unemployment offices


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Chapter 4 | Perceived key factors in successful job

seeking among youth

12.0

15.1

.1

18.038.8

7.0

7.4

1.7

Professional experience

Education

Vocational trainings

Bribe

Family connections

Friends

Party allegiance

The appearance (clothes, makeup)


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(d) Conclusion: Making Growth work for people

Main Findings of the KHDR 2012 (II):

Kosovos history and post-conflict economic trends have biased

growth towards an exclusive and largely jobless growth model;

Investment and job creation models also require re-orientation

to connect people with growth-ready sectors;

Cycles of dependency must be broken for a future where wealth

grows alongside human dignity and freedoms;

Documents

Findings KHDR 2012 Presentation