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Final Review 490JL

Final Review 490JL. What’s on the Final? Everything. Lecture Slides Assignments/Project Readings Discussion Section Worth 20 %

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Page 1: Final Review 490JL. What’s on the Final? Everything. Lecture Slides Assignments/Project Readings Discussion Section Worth 20 %

Final Review

490JL

Page 2: Final Review 490JL. What’s on the Final? Everything. Lecture Slides Assignments/Project Readings Discussion Section Worth 20 %

What’s on the Final?

Everything. Lecture Slides Assignments/Project Readings Discussion Section

Worth 20 %

Page 3: Final Review 490JL. What’s on the Final? Everything. Lecture Slides Assignments/Project Readings Discussion Section Worth 20 %

What is HCI?

Design

Organizational & Social Issues

Technology Humans

Tasks

Page 4: Final Review 490JL. What’s on the Final? Everything. Lecture Slides Assignments/Project Readings Discussion Section Worth 20 %

What is HCI?

Design

Organizational & Social Issues

Technology Humans

Tasks

LearningNew Tasks

Page 5: Final Review 490JL. What’s on the Final? Everything. Lecture Slides Assignments/Project Readings Discussion Section Worth 20 %

Iteration at Every Stage

Design

Prototype

Evaluate

Page 6: Final Review 490JL. What’s on the Final? Everything. Lecture Slides Assignments/Project Readings Discussion Section Worth 20 %

Goals of the course

1) Learn to design, prototype, & evaluate UIs the needs & tasks of prospective users cognitive/perceptual constraints that affect design technology & techniques used to prototype UIs techniques for evaluating a user interface design importance of iterative design for usability technology used to prototype & implement UI code how to work together on a team project communicate your results to a group

• key to your future success

2) Understand where technology is going & what UIs of the future might be like

Page 7: Final Review 490JL. What’s on the Final? Everything. Lecture Slides Assignments/Project Readings Discussion Section Worth 20 %

Intro, Design Discovery

Intro Design triangle Usability Metrics

Task Analysis Questions *** Tasks

Contextual Inquiry Context, Apprentice Model

Page 8: Final Review 490JL. What’s on the Final? Everything. Lecture Slides Assignments/Project Readings Discussion Section Worth 20 %

Conceptual Models & Interface Metaphors Design Concepts

Affordances Conceptual Models (Design, Customer) Visibility Metaphors Consistency

Teams vs. Groups Commitment, common goals, mix of skills,

agreement, mission statements etc…

Also, remember the reading The Discipline of Teams!

Page 9: Final Review 490JL. What’s on the Final? Everything. Lecture Slides Assignments/Project Readings Discussion Section Worth 20 %

Human Abilities

Human Perception Color sensitivity & physical human eye Hue, Lightness, Saturation

Model Human Processor Fitt’s law LTM, STM 100ms

Page 10: Final Review 490JL. What’s on the Final? Everything. Lecture Slides Assignments/Project Readings Discussion Section Worth 20 %

Lo-Fi Prototyping

Lo-fi Prototyping Advantages:

• Speed• Cost• Quickly iterate• Focus on interaction rather than details

Conducting a test Wizard of Oz Informal prototyping tools

Page 11: Final Review 490JL. What’s on the Final? Everything. Lecture Slides Assignments/Project Readings Discussion Section Worth 20 %

Heuristic Evaluation

Pros Fast +Cheap Gets major problems

Cons: Not as in depth as User Testing False Positives Need trained evaluators

Phases Training Evaluation (x2) Severity Rating Debriefing

Diminishing returns when adding evaluators (sweet spot 3-5) Have evaluators independently rate severity Alternate with user testing

Page 12: Final Review 490JL. What’s on the Final? Everything. Lecture Slides Assignments/Project Readings Discussion Section Worth 20 %

Design Patterns

Design patterns communicate common design problems and solutions

Prevent “reinvention” Not too general & not too specific

Use a solution “a million times over, without ever doing it the same way twice”

Web Design Patterns Above the Fold Shopping Cart Location Bread Crumbs Up-selling/Cross-selling Visibility Action Button …

Page 13: Final Review 490JL. What’s on the Final? Everything. Lecture Slides Assignments/Project Readings Discussion Section Worth 20 %

Rapid Prototyping

Difference from Lo-Fi? Problems with Lo-Fi?

Computer “buggy” Timings Affordances/Doesn’t look like final version Unrealistic / Hard to recognize widgets Not in context of user’s work Some things hard to simulate

(dragging/highlights) Advantages of Prototyping Tools?

Faster than code

Page 14: Final Review 490JL. What’s on the Final? Everything. Lecture Slides Assignments/Project Readings Discussion Section Worth 20 %

Visual Design

Typography Grid Systems Small Multiples Color Spaces

RGB vs. HSV (a.k.a. HLS)Use color properly – not for ordering!

Page 15: Final Review 490JL. What’s on the Final? Everything. Lecture Slides Assignments/Project Readings Discussion Section Worth 20 %

Model View Controller

Model

View

Controller

Page 16: Final Review 490JL. What’s on the Final? Everything. Lecture Slides Assignments/Project Readings Discussion Section Worth 20 %

Toolkits

Computer Graphics Stroke Model, Pixel Model, Region Model Fonts –Serif/Sans Serif Image depth, Aliasing Coordinate Systems

Toolkits Sequential Event Driven

• When would you use each? Interactor Tree Definitions

Dispatching events: bottom-most, top-most Latency problems with networked window systems

Page 17: Final Review 490JL. What’s on the Final? Everything. Lecture Slides Assignments/Project Readings Discussion Section Worth 20 %

Advanced User Testing

User testing is important Don’t know how good a UI is until people use it Evaluators may know too much or too little Hard to predict what people will do

User testing takes time & effort Problems finding representative users

Early testing can be done on low-fi mock-ups real tasks & representative participants

Be ethical & treat your participants well

Page 18: Final Review 490JL. What’s on the Final? Everything. Lecture Slides Assignments/Project Readings Discussion Section Worth 20 %

Advanced User Testing (continued) Process data: what people are doing & why

Thinking aloud Critical incidents

Bottom line data: requires more participants to get statistically reliable results

Difference between between & within groups? between groups: everyone participates in

one condition within groups: everyone participates in

multiple conditions

Page 19: Final Review 490JL. What’s on the Final? Everything. Lecture Slides Assignments/Project Readings Discussion Section Worth 20 %

Action Analysis

GOMS When to use? How to use it?

GOMS: only gives performance for expert behavior Only works for goal directed tasks hard to create model, but still easier than user testing Does not address? … readability, memorability of icons, commands

Automated usability faster than traditional techniques can involve more participants -> convincing data easier to do comparisons across sites tradeoff with losing observational data

Page 20: Final Review 490JL. What’s on the Final? Everything. Lecture Slides Assignments/Project Readings Discussion Section Worth 20 %

From Section

Speech UI’s Motivation Why they’re hard Speech Recognition / Production

Errors Types of Error Strategies

CSCW CSCW vs HCI Dimensions of Cooperation Coordination, Cooperation, Communication

Toolkits

Page 21: Final Review 490JL. What’s on the Final? Everything. Lecture Slides Assignments/Project Readings Discussion Section Worth 20 %

From Assignment

Be familiar with: Contextual Inquiry Task Analysis Low Fidelity Prototyping Heuristic Evaluation Hall of Fame/Shame Usability Testing

Page 22: Final Review 490JL. What’s on the Final? Everything. Lecture Slides Assignments/Project Readings Discussion Section Worth 20 %

Good Luck!

Questions?

Page 23: Final Review 490JL. What’s on the Final? Everything. Lecture Slides Assignments/Project Readings Discussion Section Worth 20 %

More Details

Page 24: Final Review 490JL. What’s on the Final? Everything. Lecture Slides Assignments/Project Readings Discussion Section Worth 20 %

History of HCI

Vannevar Bush As we may think: Predictions? Doug Englebart

Inventions? Noun-Verb, Verb-Noun Augmenting human intellect

Page 25: Final Review 490JL. What’s on the Final? Everything. Lecture Slides Assignments/Project Readings Discussion Section Worth 20 %

A Quick Topics List

Know thy user & involve them in design answer questions before designing who, what, where, when, how often? users & data?, other tools? when things go

wrong? Selecting tasks

real tasks with reasonable functionality coverage complete, specific tasks of what user wants to do

Contextual inquiry way to answer the task analysis questions interview & observe real users use the master-apprentice model to get them to

teach you

Page 26: Final Review 490JL. What’s on the Final? Everything. Lecture Slides Assignments/Project Readings Discussion Section Worth 20 %

Conceptual Models & Interface Metaphors Conceptual Model

Mental representation of how object works & how interface controls affect it

Mismatch? Affordances as Perceptual Clues

Well-designed objects have affordances Metaphors Consistency Design Guidelines

Provide good conceptual model Map interface controls to user’s model Make things visible Provide feedback Be consistent

Page 27: Final Review 490JL. What’s on the Final? Everything. Lecture Slides Assignments/Project Readings Discussion Section Worth 20 %

Task Analysis

Who is going to use the system? What tasks do they now perform? What tasks are desired? How are the tasks learned? Where are the tasks performed? What’s the relationship between user & data? What other tools does the user have? How do users communicate with each other? How often are the tasks performed? What are the time constraints on the tasks? What happens when things go wrong?

Page 28: Final Review 490JL. What’s on the Final? Everything. Lecture Slides Assignments/Project Readings Discussion Section Worth 20 %

Web Design Patterns

Designers create representations of sites at multiple levels of detail Web sites are iteratively refined at all levels of detail

Site Maps, Storyboards, Schematics, Mock-ups Patterns:

Site Branding Personal E-Commerce Obvious Links Above the Fold Location Bread Crumbs Personalized Recommendations/Recommendation Continuity Shopping Cart Up-selling/Cross-selling Visibility Action Button Quick Flow Checkout New account Process Funnel Order Summary Context Sensitive Help Navigation Bar Meaningful Error Messages Search Action Module

Page 29: Final Review 490JL. What’s on the Final? Everything. Lecture Slides Assignments/Project Readings Discussion Section Worth 20 %

A Quick Topics List

Rapid Prototyping Difference from Lo-Fi? Problems with Lo-Fi? Advantages of Tools?

Page 30: Final Review 490JL. What’s on the Final? Everything. Lecture Slides Assignments/Project Readings Discussion Section Worth 20 %

Visual Design

How do Serif fonts help the reader? serifs lead your eye along the line

Grids help clarify & simply visual design by? reducing visual clutter improving consistency between items put things where people expect

How do small multiples enable us to notice differences? only make changes (e.g., in color) for differences that

matter How can color be problematic online?

device may not be able to display color presentation is different on different devices

(calibration) using color values for continuous scales (ok to use

brightness)

Page 31: Final Review 490JL. What’s on the Final? Everything. Lecture Slides Assignments/Project Readings Discussion Section Worth 20 %

Toolkit Details

Computer Graphics Stroke Model, Pixel Model, Region Model Aliasing Coordinate Systems

Event-Driven Programming communication from user to computer is done via “events”

Clipping ? drawing only regions that are visible to the user

Windowing systems special problem with networked WS? - latency

Input events Main event loop used to dispatch events Interactor trees used for

figuring out where to dispatch events Dispatching events: bottom-most, top-most Event focus

Page 32: Final Review 490JL. What’s on the Final? Everything. Lecture Slides Assignments/Project Readings Discussion Section Worth 20 %

A Quick Topics List

Model View Controller What do each of the parts do? Which two are often combined? Why?

Toolkits Pixel model Stroke model Aliasing Coordinates: Device, Window, Physical,

Model

Page 33: Final Review 490JL. What’s on the Final? Everything. Lecture Slides Assignments/Project Readings Discussion Section Worth 20 %

A Quick Topics List

Advanced User Testing Tasks Process, Bottom-line Data (dif? What good

for what?) Between Groups, Within Groups Here is an example of a user test: Where

are the flaws?