Mianwali District (A Quantitative outlook)

Submitted to: Prof. Dr. A.R Jafri Submitted by: Muhammad Ahmed Sheikh (Roll No. 12)

A Report submitted in partial fulfillment of requirement of the course titled Administrated Research and Analysis

Institute of Administrative sciences University of the Punjab, Lahore

Table of ContentsSr. No.SubjectPage No.

1Introduction

2Map of the District

3Historic Perspective

4Language and Dialects

5Religion of Inhabitants

6Geography and Climate

7Demography

8Education and Literacy

9Civil Administration

10Judiciary

11Health

12Social infrastructural facilities

13Economy

14Political Participation and Governance

15Notables

16Famous Places

17Famous Educational Institutions

18References

AbstractThis is a short descriptive report on District Mianwali, located in Province, Punjab, Pakistan and its related 3(three) units (Tehsils) covering aspects like history, demography, ethnicity, culture, economic sources, political dimensions, and civic and administrative structure and important institutions and places. The District has its unique history and people of the same have raised the stature of the country in the world and have played pivotal role in the politics within the country.

IntroductionThe District Mianwali was established in 1901. The district is located on the banks of River Indus. It is bounded on the north-east sides by District Attock (Punjab), north-west by District Karak and Lakki Marwat, east south by district Khushab and south west by district Bhakkar (Punjab) and D.I. Khan (KPK). The District is also connected with salt range leading to district Khushab etc. Mianwali also known as Kachachi was a part of Bannu district till somewhere in the 16th century (District Census-1998). The name was changed to Mianwali during this century after the name of a local saint, Mian Ali, who lived in a hamlet (Small village) on the eastern bank of the river Indus. Until relatively recently i.e., till 1982, district Mianwali covered a much larger area as it also included Bhakkar district. The two dominant tribes of Mianwali are Niazis and Awans. Many Awans also write Malik as their last name. Awans usually associate themselves with Potohari Punjabi identity while Niazis associate themselves with Saraiki identity of South Punjab regions.City is famous for the birth place of personalities like Poet Jangan Nath Azad (known by many as the creator of first National Anthem (Tarana) of Pakistan, Imran Khan Niazi( Chairman, PTI & Former Captain of Pakistan Cricket team), Ata ullah Isa Khelvi(Famous Singer) and Misbah Ul Haq(Present captain of Pakistan Cricket Team). It is also the District where Ghazi ilam ud din shaheed was hanged by the British Raj.

Map of District Mianwali

Source: Three years rolling Plan, 2010-13, District Mianwali

Historic PerspectiveBeing part of the Indus Valley, this district is one of the oldest human inhabitation i.e., the Indus Civilization (District Census-1998). All major rulers and invaders of the Subcontinent have governed this area. According to the ancient history records, this area was called Hindu Shahi when Alexander the Great invaded India in early 4th century B.C. Mahmud Ghaznavi, followed by Mohammad Ghori, annexed this area, along with a greater part of Punjab to the Ghazna empire. The large-scale conversions to Islam among the local population were initiated during this period. During the following period, the Niazi Pathans poured into the north-west of the area, pushing the Awans east-ward, beyond the Salt range. The Mughal emperor Babur mentions Esakhel when he was on his mission to conquer the Pakhtuns and the Punjab in 1520. The Mughal ruled through the Ghakkar feudatories. The latter were uprooted by Niazis at the decline of the Mughal Empire and in the wake of Nadir Shahs invasion of India.

Language and DialectsAs per the 1998 census of Pakistan, the following are the demographics of the Mianwali district, by spoken language: Punjabi: 72.4% Saraiki dialect: 12% Pashto: 10% Others: 6%Though Mianwali is claimed an integral part of the Saraiki speaking belt by the Saraiki language activists, Punjabi-Saraiki division seems to hold little influence on common people in this district. According to 1998 census three fourths (74.2 percent) of the population named their spoken language as Punjabi while only 12 per cent answered that they speak Saraiki. Inhabitants of Mianwali district speak a great variety of Punjabi dialects. Jandali/Rohi (central parts of the district) Awankari (northern parts) Shapuri (eastern parts) Thalochi (southern parts in desert areas) Majhi or standard (sizeable population in cities)

ReligionThe Muslim population is by far the largest religious group (99.1%, according to the District Census-1998), followed by Christians who are concentrated mostly in the urban centres (hardly 1% of all). A small minority of Ahmadis inhabit the rural and urban areas of the district. There are 820 mosques in Mianwali (Brailvi = 640, Deoband=129, Ahle Hadis=11, Imam Bargha=40).; There are 06 churches in the District

Geography and ClimateMianwali district lies between 32.58 north latitudes and 71 .57 east longitudes. The district covers an area of 1,426,000 acres or 5,840 sq. kms. A little more than one-third of this area (of Isakhel Tehsil) is in the trans-Indus zone of the Salt Range. The area in the north is a continuation of what is known as the Potohar Plateau and Kohistan-e-Namak. The district has extreme hot and cold climate. The maximum temperature during the summer shoots up to 51C while the minimum temperature recorded in winter is as low as 2C. The average rainfall in the district is about 250 mm.

Demography

Total Population 13,88,516 Total Area 5840 (square kilometers) Annual growth rate 2.24 % Population density 237 Per Sq. Km

(i) Area-wise populationAreaPopulationPercentage

Rural109134378.60%

Urban29717321.40%

Source: Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey, GOP, P&D, Bureau of statistics

(ii) Gender-wise populationGenderPopulationPercentage

Male70217451%

Female68634249%

Source: Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey, GOP, P&D,, Bureau of statistics

(iii) Age wise- Population groupsPopulation GroupsStandard Demographic (%)Estimated Population

Under 1 year of age2.749015

Under 5 years13.4222163

Under 15 years44610947

Women in child bearing age (15-49 years)22305473

Married Child Bearing age Women16222163

Expected pregnancies3.456929

Source: Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey, GOP, P&D, Bureau of statistics

Education and LiteracyLiteracy rateMaleFemale

Urban87.6%55.6%

Rural72.1%32.4%

Overall District 74.8%38.3%

Source: Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey, GOP, P&D, Bureau of statistics

Civil AdministrationDistrict Mianwali has three sub-divisions or Tehsils: 1) Mianwali- It is the largest tehsil of the District and has 28 Union council with the population of 676296 2) Isakhel- It has 14 Union councils with the population of 347447. 3) Piplan- It has 14 union councils with the population of 364771.Deputy Commissioner is the Administrative Head of the District. It is assisted by Two Additional Deputy commissioners (Legal and General) and 3 Assistant Commissioners of each Tehsil. The Assistant Commissioners are assisted by three Tehsldars and 13 Naib Tehsildars. The latter are primarily responsible for collection of revenues. At Kot Chandan there is an Afghan Refugee Camp which is operated under the supervision of District Administration with the assistance of 8 village Administrators. There is one Municipal Committee and seven Town Committees in the district. The number of Mauzas or the smallest revenue units in the district is about 225. Of these 56 Mauzas have a population of above 5000 persons, 49 Mauzas have two to five thousand persons while 48 have one to two thousand persons and 21 are un-inhibited.Organogram of District Management

JudiciaryThe Head of Judiciary in District is District & Session Judge .He is assisted by an Additional District & Session judge, Senior civil Judge/ Guardian Judge, civil judges, Judicial Magistrates, Civil judge cum Judicial Magistrates and special Judicial Magistrates

Organogram

HealthThe following are the health indicators of Mianwali District: Health Indicators Infant Mortality Rate 78/1000 Neonatal mortality Rate 58/1000 Under 5 mortality Rate 113/1000 Maternal mortality Ratio 227/100000 Malnutrition (women and children) 34/1000 Underweight prevalence 33 Stunting(low height for age) prevalence 36 Wasting(very weak) prevalence 18 Life expectancy 63-years for males 61-years for femalesProportion of children under 2 years immunized 88%Sources: MICS 2007-2008, EDO (Health) Office Mianwali

Organizational structure of District Health AdministrationExecutive District Officer (Health) acts as head of the district health department, under overall supervision of Deputy Commissioner. The organizational structure at district level Health Administration is as under:

Source: Three years Rolling Plan, 2010-13, District Mianwali

Public health facilities in the District include: One(1) DHQ, Three (3) THQs, Nine (9) RHCs, Forty (40) BHU, Thirteen(13) Rural Dispensaries, six(6) Maternity and Child Health care (MCH) centres, Twenty (20) Sub Health Centres, Two(2) T.B Clinics, one thousand and thirty five 1035 Health Houses. There are 15 Private Hospitals located at various places of District Mianwali

Social Infrastructural Facilities

TehsilPrimary/Middle/High schoolCollegeHospitalPolice stationRailway stationPost OfficeBank

Mianwali9743310111930

Isa Khel51822551012

Piplan133233675

Total16257818223647

EconomyThe Economy of District Mianwali may be explained through the indicators like: Labor force (active Employment status& Occupation of Employed Population). Farm-related Economic activities(land for cultivation, Land Ownership, Irrigation, Crops and Livestock), wood & Timber, Industry and Manufacture(Modern Industry & Traditional Artisanal activities), Marginality and Poverty.The district is predominantly rural and the population depends upon farm and related activities for its survival and subsistence. The total land for agriculture in the district is 1,426,000 acres, of which slightly less than half is cultivated. Of the total economically active population, 71% reported registered as self-employed: (70% males and 28.5% females). Self-employment is understandably higher in rural areas (71%) than in urban areas (56%) as they are mostly owner-farmers, business, etc.

Political Participation and GovernanceTotal No of Verified voters in District are 730,286.Total Population is 1388216.Vote bank of parties has been swaying time to time. Pakistan Tehrik Insaaf (PTI) has emerged as the largest party in terms of successful candidates in the recent elections 2013(it won one seat in National Assembly and 3 in provincial assembly), the runner-up is PML-N ( won one seat in National Assembly and one in Provincial Assembly). National Assembly Obaid Ullah Khan shadi khel (PML-N) Won NA-71 (By-Election) Amjad Ali Khan (PTI) NA-72 Provincial Assembly Amanat Ullah Khan Shadi khel(PML-N) PP-43 Doctor Salah U Din Khan (PTI) PP-44 Ahmad Khan Bhachar (PTI) PP-45 Muhammad Sibtain Khan (PTI) PP-46

NotablesMajor Politicians from Mianwali include: Maulana Kausar Niazi Maulana Abdus sattar khan Niazi Malik Amir Mohammad khan (Nawab of Kala Bagh),ex- governor west Pakistan Imran khan Niazi( Chairperson PTI, Former Captain of Pak. Cricket Team) Dr. Sher Afgan khan Niazi Amjad Ali khan Haji Ghulam Rasool khan shadi khel Ubaid ullah khan Shadi khel Malik Mumtaz Ahmad Bhacher Malik Ghulam Shabbir Joyia Ms .Zakia Shah Nawaz khanOthers Notables Include: Jagan Nath Azad (ISAKHELVI)- creator of First National Anthem of Pakistan. Lance Naik Sher Shah (The WW II Victoria Cross Medal Group, Born on 14 February 1917 in Chakrala, Mianwali) Mr. Allah Yar (Roll of Honour World War II, born in Dhurnaka Mianwali) Khawaja Khurshid Anwar- Famous Film Maker, Composer, Music Director Atta Ullah Isa Khelvi- Famous Singer Naheed Niazi (Singer) Tariq Niazi (Ex- Hockey Olympian) Misbah ul Haq ( Present Captain of Pakistan Cricket team) Dr. Mahmood Niazi (Scientist) Afzal Aajaz (Poet) Asad Mustafa (Poet)

Famous PlacesThe famous places of Mianwali District are as Under: Chashma Barrage: it is the most famous visiting point and about 15 km far from Mianwali near Kundian City. It is a famous Barrage on the Indus River. Jinnah Barrage: Another Barrage near Kalabagh city 35 km from Mianwali on Islamabad Road near Kot chandna, Distt. Mianwali. Kalabagh City(Salt Range and Sakesar Hills) Kalabagh Railway Bridge Mianwali Jail( where Ghazi Ilam Ud Din shaheed and Baghat singh were detained and hanged by the British Raj ) PAF air Base Chashma Nuclear Power Plant Kafir Kot Namal Dam

Famous Educational Institutions

NAMAL Engineering College(Affiliated with Bradford University) Dr. Abdul Qadir Khan Institute of Technology. Sargodha University Sub-Campus PAF college

References1. Multiple Cluster Survey (MICS), Punjab, 2007, Volume: 36, Mianwali, GOP, P&D Department, Bureau of Statistics.2. Three Year Rolling Plan, 2010-13, District Government, Mianwali, 2010.3. www.wikipedia.com4. www.786isakhel.com5. www.gulemianwali.com6. www.mianwalionline.com7. www.mianwali.dc.lhr.gov.pk