Final Report Establishing Outreach Units in the Tenasserim

Final Report

Establishing Outreach Units in the Tenasserim Range (2004-0103-025)

1st May 2004 – 31st December 2005 . The National Fish and Wildlife Service: Save the Tiger Fund U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service WWF-US WWF Thailand

Table of Contents

1. Executive Summary 1 2. Project Activities 1 3. Discussion 14

Appendixes

Appendix 1: Establishing Specialized Management Units within Protected Areas for effective Protected Areas Management 18 Appendix 2: Workshop recommendations on Strengthening Protected Areas Protected Areas Management in Thailand 24 Appendix 3: Implementation Modifications 30 Appendix 4: Project Inputs 32 Appendix 5: Curriculum Development Workshop: Participants 34

Appendix 6: Details of Training courses 35 Appendix 7: Revision to the Project Implementation Plan 40 Appendix 8: Evaluation and Draw Lesson Learnt Workshop: Participants 42 Appendix 9: Photographs from Project Activities 44 Appendix 10: Financial Final Report 48

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1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This report summarizes the activities towards “Establishing Outreach Units at Key Protected Areas for the Long-term Conservation of the Sub-population of Tigers in the Tenasserim Range”. Under this initiative, WWF Thailand’s Technical Training Unit strived to develop a new field of protected area management at two of Thailand’s foremost national parks for biodiversity conservation. At the field level, WWF Thailand provided the five modules of intensive training to 20 protected area staff from Kaeng Krachan National Park and 20 protected area staff from Kuiburi National Park. This training was conducted in collaboration with a number of interested parties. Following the training, there was a period of follow-up activities, which are fully described in this report. The Technical Training Unit achieved a high level of success in developing the skills of the protected area staff to forge initial links with local communities. Community Outreach Units have been established at both Kaeng Krachan and Kuiburi National Parks. These two units are currently providing community outreach activities at their respective protected areas. Moreover, WWF Thailand has raised the issue of developing professionalism – through developing specialized units in each field of protected area management – within the Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plant Conservation. An invigorating meeting was held on developing professionalism within the national parks and wildlife sanctuaries on 26th July 2005 at Kasetsart University, attended by some 15 high-raking government officials. However, the uptake of these initiatives will take time; concerns are raised over the immediate funding mechanisms in the Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plant Conservation in establishing fields of specialization in protected area management. Also, sceptism remains in some quarters that park rangers, and particularly daily workers, can attain any level of professionalism with short-term assistance. Total Project Duration: 1st May 2004 until 31st December 2005. Long-term Objectives: The long-term objectives are to raise awareness, increase knowledge and positive attitudes and encourage peoples’ participation in the conservation and the sustainable management of Kaeng Krachan National Park and Kuiburi National Park, among villagers who are living in communities in immediate proximity to these two national parks. This is to ensure that the rich diversity of fauna and flora within the forest habitats of Kaeng Krachan and Kuiburi national parks will remain intact and the benefits provided to the neighboring communities are enhanced. The short term objective of this project is to enhance the capacity of protected area staff of Kaeng Krachan National Park and Kuiburi National Park. The protected area staffs who have undertaken this training course will gain knowledge, better understanding and skills on environmental education, as well as skills for organizing outreach activities which will encourage the participation among people who live in the communities around Kaeng

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Krachan and Kuiburi National Parks to help support the management and conservation of these two forested protected areas. 2. PROJECT ACTIVITIES Preparation This important phase comprised preliminary coordination, establishing a project working group, collation of relevant background data, conducting a training needs and necessity analysis, and developing the training curriculum. Conducting Training To conduct training, we formulated five training modules. The target groups were 40 park officers, comprising 20 officials from Kaeng Krachan National Park and 20 park officials from Kuiburi National Park. Supporting follow-up activities Each national park established a Community Outreach Unit. The key roles of these two teams were to collect socio-economic data from the communities located around the respective national parks, setting up participatory management and conservation planning. It also permitted disseminating information about environmental education activities in order to create better knowledge and understanding, positive attitude, and strong participation in sustainable conservation and management of protected areas among the villagers who live around the protected areas through the various activities conducted. In addition, the facilities also provided media production, environmental activities, and transport to support community outreach activities to be conducted within communities. Monitoring and Evaluation During the last six months of the Project, one staff from the project team will be assigned to help coaching, monitoring and evaluating the work of the Community Outreach Units. Summary of Project Progress Project implementation has been based upon a master plan of proposed activities. Overall, the project obtained positive cooperation from key stakeholders at both the national level and the field level. The achievements of the project are described as follows: Output 1: Project Preparation Purchase of Office Equipment Office equipment has been purchased based upon the items listed in the project document: namely one computer notebook, one VDO projector, one digital camera, and one mobile phone.

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Coordination A letter requesting approval for conducting the project at the target protected areas was submitted to the Director-General of the Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plants Conservation. Permission was obtained on 24th May 2004. A meeting on project implementation at the field level was organized during 12-14th May 2004 at the Methawalai Hotel, Petchaburi Province. Thirteen participants attended the meeting, including four personnel from Kaeng Krachan National Park, five personnel from Kuiburi National Park, and four staff from WWF Thailand’s Technical Training Unit. A Project Advisory Group was established in June 2004 and comprised of representatives from both the national and local level from the National Parks, Wildlife and Plants Department, academics, NGOs in the area, and community representatives from the targeted protected areas. Further to this, sessions were held by the Wildlife Conservation Society on the lessons learnt and observations on the training conducted during 5-10 July, 2004 at Kaeng Krachan National Park. Data Collation and Literature Review July, 2004 The project information was translated from English into Thai. Related and useful information about the targeted protected areas to support project implementation was collected including geographical and biological data on Kaeng Krachan National Park and Kuiburi National Park, the socio-economic data of communities located around the two protected areas, training needs of protected areas staff, implementation outputs of government agencies and non-governmental organizations working in Kaeng Krachan and Kuiburi National Parks including the Thailand Environment Institute, the Wildlife Conservation Society, and Wildlife Fund Thailand. All this information was incorporated into developing a revised and strengthened Project Implementation Plan in relation to potential activities and target groups. Training Needs Assessment August, 2004 Based upon the lessons learned from the training undertaken at Phu Luang Wildlife Sanctuary, WWF Thailand’s Technical Training Unit introduced three training needs assessments to direct project implementation. These assessments were conducted, as follows: 1) In-depth interviews using a questionnaire. The interviewees comprised 20 protected area staff from Kaeng Krachan and 16 protected area staff from Kuiburi National Parks who were the target audience for training. 2) Group discussions, with the superintendents and assistant superintendents of Kaeng Krachan and Kuiburi National Parks directly responsible for the protected area staff attending the training program.

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3) A workshop attended by 57 participants comprising the Project Advisory Group, representatives from the relevant Tambon Administration Organizations, schools and peoples’ organizations in the respective areas. Training Curriculum Development September, 2004 The project working group developed five revised and locally relevant training modules based upon the results of the training needs assessment. These five modules were:

1) Leadership Strengthening for the Sustainable of Participatory Management and Conservation of Kaeng Krachan National Park and Kuiburi National Park

2) Skills for Community Participation Process Enhancement for Protected Areas Management

3) Conflict Management Resolution 4) Biodiversity and Media Production and Use for Kaeng Krachan Forest Complex

Conservation, and: 5) Sustainable Tourism Management and Field Visits on Community Participation in

Protected Areas Management Output 2: Training Courses: During the project period, five modules were conducted, as follows:

1) Leadership Empowerment for Participation in Sustainable Conservation and Management of Kaeng Krachan National Park and Kuiburi National Park.

This training course was conducted during 22-26th November 2004. The opening speech was given by a representative from Protected Areas Management Office 4. Key speakers included Dr. Opart Panya and Professor Chaluaywan Chinachote from Mahidol University, and Mr. Wicharn Phanseth, WWF Thailand’s Head of Technical Training Unit. The post training evaluation found that the participants were most satisfied with the gained knowledge, skills and experiences. (highly satisfied: 18 per cent; satisfied: 56 per cent and average: 26 per cent).

2) Skills for Community Participation Process Enhancement for Protected

Areas Management. This training course was conducted during 14-18 and 21-25 February, 2005. The

opening speech was given by the Superintendent of Kaeng Krachan National Park. Key speakers included Professor Wanchai Chuaboon, Jittasak Putjorn and Sakdipan Tonwimonrat on participation process from Silpakorn University. Mr. Touchrich Panaluck, and Development Office of Petchaburi Province. The post training evaluation found that the participants were highly satisfied with the gained knowledge, skills and experiences. (highly satisfied: 42 per cent, satisfied: 52 per cent and average: 6 per cent).

A meeting with representatives from Kuiburi National Park, Kaeng Krachan National Park and other concerned agencies was organized to summarize the results of the training

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conducted, as well as to prepare for the next training course which was held on 9-10 December, 2004, at Kaeng Krachan National Park.

3) Biodiversity and Media Production and Use for Kaeng Krachan Forest Complex Conservation

This training course was conducted on 21 -25 March 2005. The key speakers included Mr. Petch Manopawitr, Miss Pantipa Patanakeaw and Mr. Non Keiwwan from WCS –Thailand Program, Surasak Sriratanaporn and Teerayuth La-orphanpol from WWF Thailand. The course concentrated on learning activities and practicum in real situations with communities to use media which was produced during the course. The post training evaluation succeeded with satisfaction from the participants. The objectives of the training course was successfully achieved, most of participants were satisfied and gained knowledge, skills and experiences from the training courses (highly satisfied: 41 per cent, satisfied: 47 per cent and average: 11 per cent).

4) Conflict Management Resolution This training course was conducted during 1-4 May, 2005. The key speakers included

Mr. Wicharn Phanseth, Mr. Surasak Srirattanaporn, Mr. Teerayuth La-orphanphol from WWF Thailand and Mr. Jittisak Putjorn from Silpakorn University. This course also included learning activities, games, role play and practicum in the communities by having a community forum to manage conflicts on eco-tourism between the community of Bahn Pu-kem and the national park. Within this forum, we have invited the deputy District Officer of Kaeng Krachan, Sub-district administration officer of Kaeng Krachan, representative of Kaeng Krachan National Park and the Headman of Pu-kem Village. Additionally, there were also approximately 70 members of Pu-kem village attending this forum. This created a better understanding between various involving parties, resulting in a successful participatory program. The post training evaluation succeeded with great satisfaction from the participants. The objectives of the training course were successfully achieved; most of participants were satisfied and gained knowledge, skills and experiences from the training courses (highly satisfied: 41 per cent, satisfied: 57 per cent and average: 2 per cent). In this course there were 3 assistants of superintendent from Mae Nam Phachi Wildlife Sanctuary, which is contiguous to Kaeng Krachan National Park, whom also attended the course.

5) Sustainable Tourism Management and Field Visits on Community Participation in Protected Areas Management

This training course was conducted during 24 May-1 June, 2005. The places for field visits included Hui Numdang National Park, Doi Sam Meun Watershed Management Project, Doi Inthanon National Park, Meakampong Community for Ecotourism, Doi Suthep-Pui National Park and Huay Keaw Watershed Management Unit. The key facilitators included Mr. Jittisak Putjorn from Mahidol University, and Mr.Wicharn Phanseth from WWF Thailand. In this course three assistant superintendents from Mae Nam Phachi Wildlife Sanctuary attended. The post field trip evaluation succeeded with great satisfaction from the participants. The objectives of the training course were successfully achieved, most of participants were satisfied and gained knowledge, skills and experiences from the training courses (highly satisfied: 34 per cent, satisfied: 52 per cent and average: 14 per cent).

Output 3: Supporting to Establish Community Outreach Units:

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Establishing Community Outreach Units Community Outreach Units were established in both Kaeng Krachan National Park (which is called the “Kaeng Krachan Prasanjai Team”) and Kuiburi National Park (which is called the “Kuiburi Seu Samphan Team”) The Community Outreach Units in each protected area are as follows Keang Krachan Outreach Unit

1 Mr. Puttipong Jusanit 2 Mr. Thounsana Srivilas 3 Mr. Somkwoun Ar-nanthasri 4 Mr. Jumpol Kaewkate 5 Mr. Prapan Jitthet 6 Mr. Suchat Sapphoo 7 Mr. Sombin Mingsiri 8 Mr. Samrong Meekaew 9 Mr. Samart Phenpetch 10 Mr. Sirichai Ruksue 11 Mr. Veerapong Thongkum 12 Mr. Sangwean Phuprasert 13 Ms. Prapaporn Sahasadee 14 Mrs. Jarinya Chawkate 15 Mrs. Saurkaew Mingsiri 16 Mr. Abhakorn Limsuwan 17 Ms. Phavinee Thongtaeng 18 Mr. Boonthaen Busarakam 19 Ms. Orawan Klasanoi 20 Ms. Sununthinee Jeewa Kuiburi Outreach Unit 1 Mr. Pairoj Inthanashitjui 2 Mr. Jirati Mothip 3 Mr. Uthai Noonoi 4 Ms. Pornpan Nakklam 5 Mr. Thongsuk Daengchot 6 Mr. Amornthep Chimpook 7 Mr. Paiwan Sinsamut 8 Mr. Umphol Plubchetrew 9 Mr. Sumon Jongdee 10 Ms. Aunchulee Petchjamrat 11 Mr. Rang Songklam 12 Mr. Chaowalit Plempree 13 Mr. Sanom Khongkatok 14 Mr. Thanongsak Photong 15 Mr. Kornthep Ake-wongsa

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Support to the Community Outreach Units Equipment Equipment were provided to both the Kaeng Krachan Community Outreach Unit and Kuiburi Community Outreach Unit, including: 1) 1 LCD Projectors 2) 1 Digital camera 3) 1 Computer Note book 4) 1 Printer (for Kuiburi National Park) 5) 1 Audio visual set 6) 2 Compact Flash drives (256 MB) 7) 3 Computer usage manuals

Uniforms The Project provided uniforms to all members of both Community Outreach Units with the name of the project, the name of the National Park and Outreach team’s name. Output 4: Follow Up Activity Plan Development Kuiburi National Park A participatory planning workshop was set up on June 17, 2005 at Kuiburi National Park headquarters. The workshop attendees consisted of officials who participated in the training, the Superintendent of Kuiburi National Park, community leaders and representatives from the TAO as well as the local media. Summarized below are the 11 follow-up activities concluded from the meeting:

1) Socio-economic survey 2) Participatory rural appraisal 3) To join the communities monthly meeting 4) Outreach activities in communities 5) Outreach activities in schools 6) Participatory planning workshop in communities(AIC) 7) Community Radio Programme 8) Conservation youth camp 9) Human and Elephant conflict resolution workshop 10) Establishing a Kuiburi Conservation Club 11) Developing power point presentation on “Elephants in Kuiburi National Park”

Kaeng Krachan National Park A workshop was held 16th June 2005 at Kaeng Krachan National Park headquarters. The attendees included officials who had participated in the training, Superintendent of Kaeng Krachan National Park, Chairman of TAO, community leaders and the local media. Outlined below are the ten follow up activities concluded from the meeting:

1) To join the communities monthly meeting

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2) Participatory Rural Appraisal 3) Socio-Economic Survey 4) Outreach activity in schools 5) Outreach activity in communities 6) Participatory Planning Workshop in communities(AIC) 7) Table round meeting on ecotourism 8) Conservation youth camp 9) Establishing conservation youth club 10) Permanent exhibition at Palahu tourism attractive point

Output 5 To Support on Follow Up Activities Implementation Outlined below are the activities, proposed by Kaeng Krachan National Park and Kuiburi National Park, which have been implemented. Follow-up activities implemented by the Community Outreach Unit at Kuiburi NP 1) Socio-Economic Assessment

Gathering of data from households in three targeted communities: namely Ban Yahn- seu, Ban Ruam-tai and Ban Pu-bohn. The data collected consisted of population data, activity outline use of labour, emigration, land ownership and use, income, expenses, utilization of natural resources, opinions and their attitudes relating to natural resources and environmental problems and also conducted an opinions towards park officials and a participatory conservation program as well as plans of land use for each household.

2) Participatory Rural Appraisal Participatory Rural Appraisal is based on collecting data from multiple communities by inviting community leaders and representatives to help provide the information. Simultaneously, data on local socio-economics were gathered from the three targeted communities: Ban Yahn-seu, Ban Ruam-tai and Ban Pu-bohn. The data collected consisted of general traits of the community, population, social condition, economy, emigration, education and public welfare. Data such as village management, various groups, official and non-official leaders, the relationship and usage of natural resources, local problems, opinions and attitudes towards park officials and of the participatory management program were also collected. An outline and calendar of activities and events as well as community maps were also produced. These activities did not only build a relationship between park officials and community, but also played a significant role in national park participatory management plans.

3) To join the community monthly meeting

Kuiburi Community Outreach Unit provided information and increased understanding in the importance of national parks. Additionally, a forum to discuss such issues including natural resources use of the NP and policies was also available. This usually occurred during the monthly village meeting, which has occurred 15 times with 3 target communities: Ban Yahn-seu, Ban

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Ruam-tai and Ban Pu-bohn. The meeting took place on the 5th of every month in Ban Yahn- seu and Ban Ruam-tai, and the 8th of every month in Ban Pu-bohn. The results of such forums have created a closer relationship and a better understanding between officials and the communities.

4) Outreach activities among communities Outreach programs ran in 3 target communities of Ban Yahn-seu, Ban Ruam-tai and Ban Pu-bohn. Each community had one program, totaling in three programs with a total attendance of 250 people. The contents of this program consisted of a power point presentation, introduction to the values and importance of Kuiburi National Park, Kuiburi’s wild elephants, tourism and problem-solving activities.

5) Outreach activity in schools Activities were organized in two schools; Ban Ruam-tai School and Border Police School of Ban Yahn-seu. The activities were administered 2-hour long activities once a week, per school, resulting in 14 times. The students of these schools reside in three target communities: Ban Yahn-seu, Ban Ruam-tai and Ban Pu-bohn. The contents and activities consisted of topics presenting the values and importance of Kaeng Krachan National Park, its biodiversity, flora and fauna such as wild Asian elephants, eco-tourism and forest fires. These subjects were presented in various approaches through lectures, discussions, power-point presentation on actual establishment of nurseries and reforestation in the schools. The result of the activities was students gained knowledge and became more interested and aware as well as alert to conserving the national park.

6) Participatory Planning Workshop (AIC)

The workshop was held in the three targeted communities of Ban Yahn-seu, Ban Ruam-tai and Ban Pu-bohn. For each community workshop, we invited both official and non-official village leaders as well as village representatives which included representatives of Vocational Group for Housewives and husbands, youth, members of village committee, head of street (“soi”), and village seniors, which totaled up to approximately 30-50 people. There were three main processes to the meetings: 1) Open session for participants to share information, in the form of drawing, story-telling or writing, about the past and present lifestyles, natural resources and general problems. 2) Allow the participants to share their vision and dreams of the village in the future and 3) Present different actions that will make their vision (Process 2) a reality (August 24, 2005: Ban Ruam-tai, September 27, 2005: Ban Yahn-seu, October 16, 2005: Ban Pu-bohn) This workshop resulted in a community plan that was formed by representatives of all village sectors. An example of an activity from Bahn Pu-

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kem is the establishment of the “Youths for Conservation” group, eco-tourism and the establishment of a local co-op center to start. Additionally, this workshop also allowed park officials to be more aware of the communities’ true problems and needs as well as give them an opportunity to build a needed relationship. Some activities also required the collaboration of both these parties.

7) Kuiburi Community Radio 94.75 MHz.

A community radio station aired 13 times, the days and times being Saturdays between 10.00-11.00 am and the name of the segment being “Chang Noi Pa Tiew” (The Little Elephant that Traveled). The contents included 1) general information about Kuiburi National Park, its history, general conditions, its importance and problems it faces 2) Information on tourism in the National Park; types of trips, the places, trip calendar and traveling etiquette 3) An outline of the national park management activities, both within the national park and the communities. Policies of the national park will also be discussed. These topics were presented in a casual discussion session, as well as through folk songs (“songs for life”) and songs concerning conservation. Competitions and questioning sessions will also be running. This radio station received positive feedback from the locals as well as tourists. This evaluation was based on incoming phone calls, participants of competitions and the number of people calling in with questions about the national park.

8) Conservation youth camp The Conservation Youth Camp was set up to protect Kuiburi’s environment. Fifty-four Youths from Secondary 4-6 of Yang Shoom School participated in the camp. Activities included were: a senior member of the village discussing elephants and the environment in the past, the values and importance of Kuiburi NP, and a walk rally to encourage devotion, harmony and team work. Information about facilitating a Check Dam, reservoirs, bird watching and trekking was also available. To close, future activities were planned, while an evaluation was made of the project’s influence on everyone.

9) Human and Elephant Conflict Resolution Workshop A workshop was held to resolve the human-elephant conflict of elephants crossing fields, especially pineapple fields, and destroying the crops. This workshop was held to help establish the problem at hand as well as to come up with ways to resolve the issue. The workshop was held three times, at Ban Ruam-tai, with 19 villagers attending from Ban Yahn-seu and Ban Pu-bohn. The suggested solutions included allowing the owners of the pineapple fields to patrol the areas. In areas that elephants frequently occurred, additional rangers would go and monitor the area. Additionally, the community requested that the park subsidize equipment that would aid in scaring the elephants away, such as fireworks, batteries and a transformer to charge the batteries.

10) Establishment of Kuiburi Conservation Youth Club Because of the Conservation Youth Camp, the Kuiburi Conservation Youth Club was formed. It consisted of 53 members. The club’s goals were to

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educate and instill, in the youth living in the borders of the national park, the importance of conserving Kuiburi National Park. The club would also like to be involved with the national park in various conservation events. Outlined below are the 10 committee members:

1.Mr.Apichat Tongchot Chairman 2. Miss. Prapatsorn Naktong Vice Chairman 3. Mr.Charat Yoonaiwong Committee 4. Miss Nasaya Pantong Committee 5. Mr.Paisarn Keang-ngorn Committee 6. Mr.Tawat Sheaching Committee 7. Mr.teerapong Praikeaw Committee 8. Mr.Tasanai Sookyoo Committee 9. Miss Nampueng Inseang Committee 10. Miss Phattra Yai-in Committee

11) Workshop on Non-timber Forest Product: (Med ka reang)

A workshop was held to establish a consensus on the usage of non-timber products (Med ka reang) at Ban Ruam-tai. There were a total of 64 attendees. Outlined below is the consensus gathered from the workshop:

1. It is prohibited to stay overnight in the forest. Gathering of products is permissible between the hours of 06.00-18.00 2. Gathering season is opened from March 1-April 15 2006 3. Identification cards will be exchanged with an entrance card at the assigned NP points, Kuiburi NP sub-station 2 Samrong and the checkpoint under the Royal Patronage. 4. A maximum of 10 kg. of Med ka reang will be allowed (weight inclusive of shell)/ collection 5. The 5 points permissible for collection of Med Ka reang are: behind the head office Canal 1-2, Kuiburi NP sub-station 2 Samrong, NP sub-station Pa Yang 6. In case of a forest fire, assistance must be provided to rangers in controlling this event 7. Unauthorized personnel must be reported 8. Arms and hunting gear is strictly prohibited 9. Collection is prohibited in areas of Rong Ta Noi (Rong Ta Dum), Pak Valley 10. Children under 15 years are prohibited, unless entering with a adult (chaperone) 11. Villagers with a record of illegal flora and fauna activities within the past year are prohibited from entering the area. 12. Cooking equipment is prohibited

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13. Establish a National Park hotline to report any illegal activities 14. Establish a group leader

12) Developing media 1 set of Power point presentation: Elephant in Kuiburi National Park and 1 set of exhibition displays about the value and significance of Kuiburi National Park for presentations and PR events with schools, communities and tourists.

Follow-up activities implemented by the Community Outreach Unit at Kaeng Krachan NP

1) Media production

An exhibition was set up at Pa La-U Waterfall visitor’s center to provide information to tourists on the value and significance of Kaeng Krachan National Park. Information are provided on various sites as well as traveling etiquette. This was achieved by collaborating with students from Silpakorn University, Tourism major, Petchaburi. An inspection of nature trials also occurred to provide tourists with additional activities beside visiting waterfalls A semi-permanent board was set up on the nature trail at Kaeng Krachan National Park sub-station 4 (Ban Krang) Exhibition was displayed at Kaeng Krachan National Park sub-station 3 (Huay Pa-lau)

A portable exhibition display was established for presentations in schools or other events with various organizations. One set of Power point presentation introducing Kaeng Krachan National Park, its significance, by using distinctive wildlife of Kaeng Krachan in being indicators such as tigers, elephants, butterflies etc. The aforementioned media have been used in schools, communities, youth camps, tourists and outreach activities.

2) Participatory rural appraisal

Appraisal was performed based on four target villages: Ban Pu-kem, Ban Pong-leuk-Bang kloy, Ban Huay Sut Yai and Ban Pa La-U (details are the same as paragraph 5.1.2)

3) Socio-economic survey

Conducted surveys on the number of households in each of the three targeted communities: Ban Pu-kem, Ban Pong leuk, Ban Pa La-U (details are the same as paragraph 5.1.1)

4) To join the community monthly meeting A total of 12 monthly meetings were held with the 4 target villages: Ban Pu-kem, Ban Pong-leuk-Bang kloy, Bahn Huay Sut Yai and Ban Pa La-U. The

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goals of these meetings were to have a management plan, discuss policies and open a discussion session for villagers to present any concerns they may have on park use.

5) Outreach activities in schools Activities were organized 8 times with two schools: Ban Pong Leuk School, with 70 students, and Ban Pa La-U School, with 65 students; students ranging from primary 4-5 levels. The activities consisted of an exhibition, documentary presentation on Kaeng Krachan National Park, and jigsaw games with prizes. These activities provided clarity and understanding to the value and significance of natural resources and environment, especially within Kaeng Krachan National Park. Furthermore, they provided the opportunity for students to participate in conservation actions.

6) Outreach activities in communities

Outreach activities were organized with communities bordering the National Park. This was performed 10 times with five target villages: Ban Pu-kem, Ban Pong-leuk-Bang kloy, Ban Pa La-U and Ban Huay Sut Yai. Activities were presented using an exhibition, and Power point presentation on the value and significance of Kaeng Krachan National Park, wildlife, prize-winning games and nature games

7) Conservation youth camps

The Conservation Youth Camp was organized four times with four schools located on the border of Kaeng Krachan National Park, the Border Police School of Bahn Huay Sok, Bahn Pa La-U, and Bahn Huay Sut Yai. Two-hundred and fifty students participated in the camp. Activities included were a documentary presentation of Kaeng Krachan National Park, bird-watching, stream ecology, trekking along nature trails, nature games and nature drawing. The goals we hoped to achieve were students would leave with a better understanding of the importance of Kaeng Krachan National Park, have a sense of respect for the natural resources, teamwork amongst peers and be motivated to participate in future conservation activities.

8) Participatory Planning Workshop (AIC)

The workshop was held with two villages: Ban Pu-kem and Ban Pong leuk, with a total of 40 representatives from the villages (details are the same as paragraph 5.1.6). As a result, a set of activities were outlined, such as Planting Trees under the Royal Patronage, Development of Villages for Eco-tourism and the Fish Release Program in Kaeng Krachan Dam.

9) Villagers Forum A forum was set up at Bahn Huay Sut Yai, which is partially located in Kaeng Krachan National Park and has great potential for eco-tourism. This forum was set up to discuss policies and ways the community and the park would collaborate with one another to set up such a project. Approximately 50 villagers participated to discuss this issue.

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The result from the forum was that it provided information about present problems, and the possibility of setting up an eco-tourism point to the park officials.

10) Establishing Environmental Protection Volunteer A total of 30 volunteers from two villages (Ban Pu-kem and Ban Pong Leuk) applied to be members of the Environmental Protection Volunteer group. These volunteers were responsible for organizing conservation activities in the local communities as well as areas bordering the park. Other activities included were reforestation, forest monitoring and education and waste management. The goals of the project were to build a sense of awareness as well as concern for the local natural resources. More importantly, the goals also included encouraging local participation in the actual implementation of conservation actions.

3. DISCUSSION Development of a Community Outreach Unit in Kaeng Krachan National Park and Kuiburi National Park The development of Community Outreach Units in Kaeng Krachan National Park and Kuiburi National Park, which have become established under this project, is opening up a new horizon in protected area management at both these national parks, as well as at the national level. Of note, the formation of these units correlates to the goals of Thailand’s Constitution. They also correlate to the new policies of both the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment as well as the Department of National Park, Wildlife and Plant Conservation, which aim to have participatory projects amongst the community level in conservation and protected areas management. At both Kaeng Krachan National Park and Kuiburi National Park, a deeper understanding, knowledge, awareness, and cooperation have taken place between and among the communities, park officials and various other agencies, including the local administrative offices, educational institutions and other involving organizations, through the activities implemented by these units, However, the full remit of activities of the Community Outreach Units have been restricted by the time constraint to 20 months; the training focused on the basic (foundation) issues of public relations, building understanding and knowledge and instilling awareness, as bridge building exercises. Additionally, this 20 months period has facilitated the building of relations with the community and various local organizations as well as to establish forums in which to negotiate on the sustainable use of natural resources. At Kuiburi National Park, this initiative has formed a pillar of support to an ongoing participatory management planning exercise, a process which WWF Thailand intends to develop at Kaeng Krachan National Parks. Furthermore, WWF Thailand intends to use our existing and ongoing achievements at Kuiburi National Park as a foundation for requesting Corporate support, to support both the ongoing activities of the Community Outreach Unit, as well as the participatory management plan. WWF Thailand is determined to continue funding

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in the second phase for a period of three years. With this funding, the Development of a Community Outreach Unit in Kuiburi National Park will proceed according to the participatory management plan that has been formulated with the communities. This will lead to a sustainable management plan that has been drafted by both the communities and the national park. 3.2 Interest in developing Community Outreach Units in the Department of National

Parks, Wildlife and Plant Conservation WWF Thailand was held a workshop on “Strengthening Pretected Areas Management in Thailand” at FORTROP Meeting Room, Faculty of Forestry, Kasetsart University on 26th July 2005. The participants were 15 experts attending, including the forest technician from Department of National Park, Wildlife and Plant Conservation (DoNP), Lecturer on protected areas management from Kasetsart University, advisors to Minister of Ministry of Natural Resources and Environmental, Superintendent and retired Superintendent. (Appendix 2) The meeting had a resolution of recognizing the need of establishing specialized units at the site-level. These units including as follow;

1) Natural Resources unit, also cover law enforcement. 2) Academic Technical and Research Unit 3) Community Outreach Unit 4) Recreation, Nature Interpretation and nature Education unit 5) Construction and Maintenance Unit 6) Administration and Financial Unit

WWF Thailand had proposed those resolution to the Director General of DoNP for consideration and this issue have been being in process of legislation revision, have been taking by Sukhothai Thammathirat University. At the same time, there was an announcement from the Director of General, Department of National Park and Wildlife, Plant Conservation, issued on 6th February 2006 mentioned to all the head of Protected Area to establishing the Site level Committee in all protected areas. This idea was focusing on enhancing all stakeholders to take a participation in natural resources management. The committee consists of representative from local government authority such as District deputy, Head of Village, Chief of Sub-district, Tambon Administration Officer Member, Province Administration Officer Member , and other related local groups such as agricultural groups, teachers, land and agricultural developers, tourist offices, polices, fishery groups. The committee also includes informal community leaders, representatives from various local groups such as monk, head of school or institution, local press and media, leader of credit union as well as representative from non-government organization. This scheme announced by the Department of National Park and Wildlife, Plant Conservation is representing the alignment between what the project is implementing and the policy of the department, it could be said that the project and the Department of National Park and Wildlife, Plant Conservation is working toward the same goal. 3.3 Lessons Learned at the Local Level about WWF Thailand’s Technical Training

Programme

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A workshop was held in order to conclude and evaluate the project on December 6, 2005 at the Cha-am Meeting Room, Cha-Am district, Petchaburi province. The total number of attendees was approximately 50 people. This consisted of Kaeng Krachan Outreach Unit, Kuiburi Outreach Unit, Project Committee and Advisory Group, Project stakeholders, and Community leaders. The Outreach Units from each NP presented the outcomes of the project, the lessons learned through the processes of “Yonnisomanisakarn” (insightful thinking), which was presented by speaker Dr. Sorop Sirisai from Mahidol University. Outlined below are the results from the evaluation.

• An excellent project if approached with unbroken determination and dedication. Officials have to be able to correspond with the locals and be patient with their feedback, especially with those that live on the boundaries of the national park.

• Officials/personnel will go through positive changes as a result of training and receiving hands-on experience with the locals. The community has been more willing to cooperate with the officials, thus the relationship with locals has improved and solutions are being sought together.

• Relationships with the community have been enhanced creating better affiliations. The locals trust the official more and thus are more willing to participate in various activities. Once this trust is built, projects become simpler to handle. Even though there are still regulations, the locals are more understanding of them. It is recommended to not wear the camouflage (army) uniform.

• There are nearly 20 worthy projects that have shifted the staff’s roles from armed forces into conservationists that build relationships with the local community. The locals have truly learned the meaning of “Pick a flower; it’ll move even the moon.”

• “Currently, all of the officials of the national park are also the people of Pukem.” This is a win-win situation for both national park and community. A network for community forests is intact of which the sub-district administrative office of Kraeng Krachan are more than willing to subsidize even after WWF’s retreats.

• The Sub-district Administrative Office of Kraeng Krachan’s incentive to cooperate with the national park is that the parks have changed. In the past, the locals of Pukem have always been forced out, creating conflict between locals and officials. However, currently, there are collaborative measures taken based on the idea “Humans can survive, so can the natural resources.” There have been various activities, by the park, that have allowed the locals to act as a wall protecting the park from trespassers; these locals become the eyes and ears for the officials. Additionally, the existence of a forum has allowed park officials and locals to interact and better understand one another. Relationships have also been built with schools, students and teachers.

• The director of the Sub-district Administrative office is informed of the projects and activities of the park, thus creating better collaboration.

• Bahn Pukem is an exceptional example of the effectiveness of building relationships between officials and locals. Today, hunting has become a difficult task because once the locals know of it, they inform the officials immediately.

• These projects have created a bridge between the community and park officials, resulting in a stronger bond.

• The project has received full cooperation from the locals. • Skills and experiences have increased, enabling the officials to better empathize with

the community. • There is clarity and confidence in the work • The locals aid by giving clues on illegal activities

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• Activities are well planned and prepared in advance before being carried out • Park officials are more dedicated to their work and are more willing to interact with

the locals • Park officials are better informed and aware of the local problems • There has been an improvement in public speaking, community outreach and methods

in presenting activities. Things that have Never been Seen nor Done Until this Project: • Ability to accomplish the impossible, thus building confidence and pride in the work • Advancement in computer usage; using Excel and PowerPoint • More insightful thinking and comprehensive; better planned and proper consideration

with the works • One’s capabilities and potential as well as co-worker’s become more apparent • Officials are more receptive to the opinions of the locals • Lengthier forum with local leaders occur more often • In the past, officials were usually anxious about results. Now, they are more accepting

of situations and have learned to become content with whatever outcome, despite being different to what was expected.

• Officials are more willing to listen to conflicting views. • Officials have gained pride in their work and are more proud and passionate about it. • Officials are exposed to new experiences and situations and are better aware of local

problems. • Allows one to find ones skills, strengths and preferences in the work area, for example

using tools or other equipment. Work is more enjoyable and allows for new experiences to occur.

• Dedicated to the work has increased as well as problem-solving skills. • The length of the project was too brief. If given more time, better work could have

been accomplished. • Opportunities to learn from the community, a culture different from our own, were

received. The Sustainability of the Project/Outreach Programs • Better-qualified team works that can work with minimal supervision • Increase in participation and cooperation from administrative offices, local

communities and youths • Better equipped to work; better motivated to work Incentives for Support leading to Sustainability of the Project • Allow WWF to collaborate with high ranking officials • Decrease internal work processes • It is necessary to provide the conveniences: transportation and budget • Establish a group of local leaders to continue the project, set up a network to expand

the target group (communities) • Set up volunteer groups from local organizations and communities • Collaborate with local administrative offices as this can bring in additional funding

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• Officials are more dedicated and determined in doing their job • Officials have to be able to reach into the core of the communities • Grants from the administrative offices means that the projects have to be under these

offices; park officials may act as volunteers in order to receive aid in running activities • The leaders must have policies that support outreach programs in order to continue the

public service • Instill the ideas of conservation to the youths; planting saplings, creating nurseries • Continuously prepare and plan the budget so that it is sufficient • Proposals to governmental departments to allow the continuation of the project • Build a local network and establish various connections to build a working group

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APPENDIXES APPENDIX 1 ESTABLISHING SPECIALIZED MANAGEMENT UNITS

WITHIN PROTECTED AREAS FOR EFFECTIVE PROTECTED AREA MANAGEMENT

Protected areas are essential for the conservation of biological diversity and for meeting a range of community objectives. Recently, IUCN redefined the protected area categories and management objectives (Davey, 1998) The definition of a national park is: “Natural area of land and/or sea, designated to (a) protect the ecological integrity of one or more ecosystems for present and future generations, (b) exclude exploitation or occupation inimical to the purposes of designation of the area, and (c) provide a foundation for spiritual, scientific, educational, recreational and visitor opportunities, all of which must be environmentally and culturally compatible.” The definition of a wilderness area – or wildlife sanctuary – is a: “Large area of unmodified or slightly modified land, and/or sea, retaining its natural character and influence, without permanent or significant habitation, which is protected and managed so as to preserve its natural condition.” For each of these protected area management categories, the objectives of management should be clearly defined. These universal objectives are often adequately described in management plans. A standardized set of goals and objectives for a national park are as follows. The Goal and Objectives for Park Management Management of the park has an overall goal; and three complementary principle objectives, each with corresponding sets of operational objectives and prescribed management actions. The goal of park management for a national park is: To restore, maintain and enhance the biodiversity, habitats and conservation values of the park. The three principle objectives to achieve this goal are: To enhance the capacity of government and local communities to effectively manage the park for the conservation of its natural resources. To increase the options for sustainable livelihoods and income generation in local communities living in and around the park. To enhance the access and use of the park for tourism, recreation and environmental education.

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These three principle objectives should be identical for all terrestrial national parks and all marine national parks within a country like Thailand. These objectives should be modified slightly for managing wildlife sanctuaries, as these areas do not promote tourism or recreation, reflecting the Wild Animal Reservation and Protection Act (1992). Taking account of these holistic objectives, practical consideration needs to be given at the field level as to how these objectives may most effectively be achieved. Most fundamentally, the institutional arrangements required at the field level to enable protected areas in Thailand to most effectively work towards achieving these objectives, needs consideration. The most effective institutional arrangements would be the establishment of specialized units. These should include the following seven units: The Biological Resources Unit The Community Outreach Unit The Law Enforcement Unit The Natural Resources Management Unit The Nature Education and Interpretation Unit The Construction and Maintenance Unit The Finance and Administration Unit Sections 1.1 –1.7 provide guidance on the basic areas of specialization deemed appropriate for effective protected area management in Thailand. SECTION 1.1 THE BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES UNIT Both national parks and wildlife sanctuaries are established to protect outstanding or representative ecosystems, geological or physiological features and/or species for present and future generations. Both categories of protected area encompass large unmodified or slightly modified land and/or sea. Both types of reserves are preserved for scientific research/study. The protected area authorities in each reserve should respond to this strong emphasis on ecosystem management and scientific research by establishing a Biological Resources Unit. Unit Mandate: This Unit - ideally comprising 4-8 personnel - should have a clear remit to obtain, collate and disperse information regarding the biological resources found inside the protected area. They should maintain an inventory of past and proposed research biological research. Activities: These staff should have a management objective to understand the distribution of these natural resources within the reserve, and understand the location of rare, fragile species. It is also important to monitor changes in the populations of the species found within the reserve. By conducting research and collating distributional data, the protected area authorities can modify their management activities, heightening protection of vulnerable species through increased patrols, awarding special conservation measures, through the designation of the important habitat as a Species Protection Zone, and to educate the local villagers about species of conservation value. Sources of information will come from experts conducting research (scientists), from casual visitors (naturalists and other visitors) and other protected area staff working inside the

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reserve, particularly during field activities (law enforcement). To some level, the Biological Resources Unit should develop its own research and monitoring programme, particularly focusing on those species deemed important to the reserve. Reporting: The Biological Resources Unit should submit annual reports on biological resources a defined Division within the Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plant Conservation. These reports should contain information on research priorities as well as staffing levels, equipment in possession and required (including field guides, binoculars, telescopes, camera traps, GPS systems, mist nets, and Longmann’s traps etc) and training needs. RECOMMENDATION: Biological Resources Units should be established in every protected area in the country. Only staff showing a keen interest in the field of work should be recruited. SECTION 1.2 THE COMMUNITY OUTREACH UNIT Both national parks and wildlife sanctuaries are managed to preserve ecosystems in their natural condition. Both categories of protected area take account of the needs of indigenous people, including subsistence resource use. “There is no ignoring it: protected areas cannot be viewed in isolation from the communities within in and near them” according to Brown and Kothari (2002). It is important to recognize that the local communities traditionally harvest natural resources from these reserves and gain livelihood benefits from the adjacent protected areas. In the United States and Canada there is increasing emphasis on community outreach. The protected area authorities in each reserve should respond to this strong emphasis on community outreach by establishing a Community Outreach Unit. Unit Mandate: This Unit - ideally comprising up to a quarter of the workforce - should have a clear remit to interact with local communities living within or immediately adjacent to the protected area. They should collate information regarding the traditionally harvesting of natural resources from within the protected area. The protected area should have a unit of staff with a clear remit to monitor utilization, reach agreement and maintain dialogue with the local communities regarding the utilization of biological resources found within the protected area. Activities should include conducting socio-economic assessments, conducting land-use planning exercises with local communities regarding their traditional harvesting rights of natural resources within reserves, drafting local rules in collaboration with the local communities and zoning of these resources. To some level, the Community Outreach Unit should develop its own monitoring programme, particularly focusing on those communities deemed important to the reserve. Reporting: These Community Outreach Units should submit annual reports on the socio-economic environment to a defined Division within the Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plant Conservation. These reports should contain information on the socio-economy of key communities living in enclave villages and villages in the buffer zone as well

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as staffing levels, equipment in possession and required (cameras, projectors and educational materials etc) and training needs. RECOMMENDATION: Community Outreach Units should be established in every protected area in the country. Only staff with outgoing, friendly personalities should be recruited. SECTION 1.3 THE LAW ENFORCEMENT UNIT Both national parks and wildlife sanctuaries are managed to protect or preserve habitats, ecosystems and species in as undisturbed a state as possible, maintaining their natural attributes. In Thailand - and indeed all countries in Asia - the supporting legislation for wildlife sanctuaries (the Wild Animal Reservation and Protection Act, 1992) and national parks (the National Parks Act 1961) place strong emphasis on prohibited actions in these protected areas as well as complimentary penalties. The protected area authorities in each reserve should respond to this strong emphasis on protection by maintaining a Law Enforcement Unit. Unit Mandate: This Unit - ideally comprising up to a quarter of the workforce - should have a clear remit to conduct law enforcement activities on a regular basis. Law enforcement activities will be executed if the protected areas are subdivided into management sectors. Patrols can then be undertaken into these sectors, recording (i) disturbance to the habitats (including forest clearance and fire outbreaks) (ii) disturbance to species (including selective logging, hunting, traps, hunters’ camps). During the course of these field patrols they should also record (iii) observations of biological significance. Reporting forms should be prepared from each of the management sectors. Reporting: Law Enforcement Units should submit detailed three monthly and annual reports on patrolling activities to a defined Division within the Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plant Conservation. These reports should contain information on disturbance to the habitats and the disturbance to species within the different management sectors (each sector encompassing 20-40 sq. km.) as well as staffing levels, equipment in possession and required (including weapons, binoculars, GPS systems, mist nets etc) and training needs. RECOMMENDATION: Presently, heavy emphasis is placed on “arrest forms”, which are prepared out of legal necessity. Thus, the strategy for monitoring illegal activities within the reserves needs to be thoroughly reviewed. Reporting systems should be established so that senior government personnel, senior protected area personnel and the Law Enforcement Unit have a clear understanding of illegal pressures in the different management sectors of the reserves.

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1.4 THE NATURAL RESOURCES MANAGEMENT UNIT As stated in Section 1.3, both national parks and wildlife sanctuaries are managed to protect or preserve habitats, ecosystems and species in as undisturbed a state as possible, maintaining their natural attributes. Sometimes the threats to these protected areas are generated indirectly from anthropogenic causes. Most notable in Thailand is the level of deforested or degraded areas within the protected areas as well as the threat of forest fire outbreaks. Other less clearly evaluated threats include exotic introductions. Unit Mandate: This Unit should provide a liaisoning function - comprising 2-4 personnel. This unit should have a clear remit to conduct reforestation interventions and fire prevention activities. Reporting: The Natural Resource Management Unit should submit detailed three monthly and annual reports on activities to a defined Division within the Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plant Conservation. These reports should contain information on deforestation, replanting efforts and forest fire disturbance to the habitats and the disturbance to species within the different management sectors (each sector encompassing 20-40 sq. km.) as well as staffing levels, equipment in possession and required (including tree nurseries, fire fighting equipment, GPS systems) and training needs. RECOMMENDATION: This Unit needs to liaise with the Forest Protection Units as well as the Community Outreach Unit on participatory reforestation efforts and participatory forest fire prevention efforts and the Law Enforcement Units on monitoring forest fire outbreaks. 1.5 THE NATURE EDUCATION AND INTERPRETATION UNIT Protected areas provide sites for tourism, recreation and nature education. The protected area authorities in each national park should respond by maintaining a Nature Education and Outreach Unit. Unit Mandate: This Unit - comprising 6-12 staff - should have a clear remit to A protected area should have a unit of staff with a clear remit to provide quality public services to visitors. Nature education and interpretation main activities will include (i) preparing and maintaining exhibitions in the visitor centres; (ii) maintaining nature trails, interpretation and providing specialized services to target groups (schools, specialist interest groups). Activities: These staff should have a management objective to provide education and nature interpretation to visitors. Reporting: The Nature Education and Outreach Unit should submit annual reports on tourism and recreation activities to a defined Division within the Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plant Conservation. These reports should contain information on exhibits, the maintenance of nature trails and the provision of public services to visitors. RECOMMENDATION: Nature Education and Outreach Units should be established in every national park in the country.

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1.6 THE CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE UNIT Protected areas provide a range of recreational facilities for tourists, and provide additional infrastructure to accommodate the daily operations of the protected area management authority. A protected area should have a unit of staff with a clear remit to construct and maintain buildings and related infrastructure, nature trails, boardwalks, bridges, signposts. Reporting: The Construction and Maintenance Unit should submit annual reports on construction and maintenance activities to a defined Division within the Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plant Conservation. These reports should contain information on infrastructure priorities as well as staffing levels, equipment in possession and required (including building materials, tools etc) and training needs. RECOMMENDATION: None Required. Construction and Maintenance Units already operate effectively in every national park in the country. 1.7 THE FINANCE AND ADMINISTRATION UNIT Protected area management requires a while range of expenditures to execute the full remit of tasks. The sizable work force requires salaries. A protected area should have a unit of staff with a clear remit to conduct financing for the reserve. Protected area management also requires a unit of staff with a clear remit to conduct administration for the reserve. Reporting: The Finance Unit should submit annual reports on financial matters to a defined Division within the Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plant Conservation. These reports should contain information on staff salaries, entrance fees and accommodation fees as well as staffing levels, equipment in possession and required (including bookshelves, cupboards, computers, printers, stationary etc) and training needs. The Administration Unit should submit annual reports on administration to a defined Division within the Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plant Conservation. These reports should contain information on general administration as well as staffing levels, equipment in possession and required. RECOMMENDATION: None Required. Finance and Administration already operate effectively in every national park in the country.

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APPENDIX 2 WORKSHOP RECOMMENDATIONS ON STRENGTHENING PROTECTED AREA MANAGEMENT IN THAILAND

Strengthening Protected Areas Management in Thailand

Brain-storming Session Held at the FORTROP Meeting Room, Faculty of Forestry, Kasetsart University

09.30 am -16.30 pm, 26th July 2005

List of participants No. Name-Surname Position Organizations 1. Mr.Preecha Chansiritanon Assistant Director-

General, Policy and Planning Expert

Department of National Park, Wildlife and Plant Conservation

2. Mr.Adisak Likkasitsupprakarn on behalf of Mr.Witoon Riemwirat

Director of National Parks Office


3. Dr. Chumpol Suckasem Inspector General to the Department


4. Dr.Songtam Suksawang Director, of Education and Research Division, National Parks Office


5. Mr.Jukrit Wisitpanit Director of Natural Resource Management Division, National Parks Office


6. Ms.Rattana Lakkanawarakul Forestry Technician, National Park Management Division


7. Mr.Surachai Toumsomboon Forest Technician (former superintendent of Doi Inthanon National Park)


8. Mr.Anuruk Theeralertvenai Forest Technician (former superintendent of Khao Sam Roi Yot National Park, Khao Luang National Park)


9. Assistant Prof.Surachet Chettamart Lecturer (protected area management), Faculty of Forestry

Kasetsart University

10. Prof. Assistant Dr.Dudchanee Aimparn

Lecturer (protected area management), Faculty of Forestry

Kasetsart University

11. Dr. Theerapat Prayurasiddhi Adviser to Minister of MONRE and Forest Technician

Ministry of Natural Resources and Environmental

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12. Mr. Narong Mahannop Adviser to Minister of MONRE and Forest Technician

Ministry of Natural Resource and Environmental

13. Mr. Apiwut Suksree Director, Wildlife Sanctuary Management, Wildlife Conservation Office


14. Mr.Noppadol Briksawan Superintendent of Phu Hin Rongkla National Park


15. Mr.Samard Mungmaithong Retired Superintendent of Kaeng Krachan National Park


Meeting Report Started Meeting at 09.30 am. Assistant Professor Surachet Chettamart, a protected area management expert, Faculty of Forestry, Kasetsart University was appointed as the Chairman of the meeting. The agenda was to brainstorm on seven key issues from the WWF document “Strengthening Protected Area Management in Thailand” as follows: 1. Need of specialized units at the field level in the protected area management structure 2. The preparation of an annual report by each unit according to site-protected area management 3. The necessity of re-organizing the central organization’s structure within the Department of National Park, Wildlife and Plant Conservation for support management of the PA at the site level 4. The necessity of personnel training within each specialized unit in the site level 5. The membership, role and functions of a National Protected Area Committee 6. The membership, role and functions of the site-level Protected Area Management Board 7. Protected Area Management Planning

Before considering these issues, the meeting group agreed to change the definition of ‘Protected Area’ in Thai from ‘Puen Tee Anuruk’, which means Conservation Area to ‘Puen Tee Krumkrong’, which has a more precise definition. Afterward, the meeting considered the goal and the PA management objectives – as determined by IUCN - are as follows;

Goal

To rehabilitate and preserve biodiversity, habitat and natural resource having conservation value in the protected area

Regarding the definition of a protected area, IUCN states that a national park has a number of objectives.

Objectives

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1. To conserve natural resource in protected areas

2. To support approach and utilization sustainability in recreation, nature education, research and tourism

3. To improve capability of government and local communities in protected area management efficiently

4. To enhance alternative of livelihood and sustainable income for local communities that live in/around protected area

The group noted that the objective of recreation and tourism should be omitted in the context of wildlife sanctuary management, as these protected areas to not promote recreation activities and tourism - as referred to in the Wild Animal Reservation and Protection Act B.E 2535 (1992).

The group focused on issues 1-4, and the group resolved to approve recommendations made within the WWF-Thailand document, with the following comments:

1. Need of establishing specialized units within the protected area management structure WWF-Thailand recommendation In order to achieve the goals and objectives of PA management as stated by IUCN (definitions), we therefore need to consider possibility in practical. Fundamentally, we should consider the necessity of organizing the institutional arrangements at the site-level supporting the most effective management through establishing specialized units, comprising 8 units; 1.Natural Resource Unit 2.Community Outreach Unit 3.Law Enforcement Unit 4.Natural Resource Management Unit 5.Nature Interpretation and Nature Education Unit 6.Construction and Maintenance Unit 7.Adminstration Unit 8.Financial Unit Group Resolution The group had a resolution of recognizing the need of establishing specialized units at the site-level but reduced the number of units suggested by WWF-Thailand from eight to six units. These units could adequately cover all the management issues as follows; 1. Natural Resources Unit, also covers law enforcement 2. Academic technical and research Unit 3. Community Outreach Unit 4. Recreation, Nature Interpretation and Nature Education Unit

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5. Construction and Maintenance Unit 6. Administration and Financial Unit Other practical comments raised by the participants included;

- Personal appointed to each unit should be experts within the units, and each unit should have appropriate levels of personnel by considering in what/how much issued concern in management and should specific the least number of people in each section clearly

- In terms of structure, the formation of each Unit should be standardized and have clarity in details regarding the areas of work, but should relate to the existing institutional arrangements of each protected area, as`well as the status and size of each PA.

- Clarify of responsibility and duties in each unit should be considered in relation to the number of staff who are working in each protected area. It also should be described in the job description details and basic framework corresponding to the number of staff in each protected area

- The Community Outreach Unit is an important section relating to participatory natural resource management under the Constitution and the Natural Resource Management Policy of Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment

- Clarifying the Units’ will support staff’s working in the same direction and define job description. This issue should be forwarded to the Civil Servant’s Board and point to necessary in lacking of staff, which may be able to rise up their qualification in that specialize. For example, the existing community outreach work gathered people from every section involve. On the other hand, if we put specific person and recruit selected and skilled people to the right jobs, it will work efficiency

- Overall, WWF recommendations are valuable in considering in establishing Units. However, these recommendations should be considered in relation to other factors: the different categories of PA (National Parks and Wildlife Sanctuaries), with respect to Recreation and Tourism, the area of the PA, the profile of the PA).

2. The Preparation of annual reports by each unit at the protected area level WWF-TH Recommendation In every PAs, each section should make summary reports of their activities to standardized formats for each period (3 monthly, six monthly and annual). The report will provide information to central office (Bangkok) to headquarter officials to assess the success of each PA, which in turn needs to consider in technical and financial support to each protected area. Therefore, the contents of the report should comprise the following;

• Introduction by the PA superintendent • Administration by Administration Unit • Overview of management by the PA’s Superintendent • Facility for management by Building and Maintenance Unit • Natural resources by the Natural Resources Unit • Socio-economic data by the Community Outreach Unit • Tourism in PA area by Nature Interpretation and Education

Unit • Threats to the PA by the Law Enforcement and Natural

Resource management • Financial document by the Financial Unit

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• Priority activities for the following year to be prepared by every section • Training and equipment needs to be prepared by every section

Group Resolution

The meeting group agreed to the recommendation, but the contents of annual report related to each Unit should correspond to the management re-structure as defined by issue 1. It was modified from ‘Annual Report’ to ‘Annual Progress Report’

Additional comments made by some participants suggested that the Annual report related in national park management usually lacks information on the status of natural resources of the area, especially in the status of biodiversity, the existing threats including natural resource utilisation. The report should be standardized, but take account of differences in significant issues between areas. This information will be useful to other PAs for management and be an indictor of the superintendents’ work performance and whether the management is effective. 3. The Need to reorganize central body structure in the Department of National Park, Wildlife and Plant Conservation to support work of PA at the field level WWF-TH Recommendation

Should reform the organizational structure at headquarters to provide technical support to each section at the site level. As a consequence, the institutional arrangements within central body should correspond strongly to the institutional arrangements found in the site level structure. The capacity of each section at the site level to perform effectively is very heavily dependent upon the quality of technical support, including information exchange and the ability of central body to respond to the needs of each PA.

Hence, the corresponding supporting institutional arrangements should be considered as follows:

1. Natural Resource Management Division

2. Community Outreach Division

3. Nature Interpretation and Education Division

4. Biological Research Division

5. Construction and Maintenance Division

6. Financial Division

7. Management Planning Division

WWF- Thailand recommended that these institutional arrangements be considered in the re-organization of the central body’s structure

Group resolution

Comments were made in response to WWF-TH recommendations as follows;

- The present headquarters are divided to two main offices, namely the Wildlife Conservation Office and the National Parks Office. Therefore, now we should not

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focus at a higher level, but should consider the organizational issues to those issues within each Office.

- Should maintain the existing organizational arrangements, but review which sections need to developed/established, and these should be considered by appropriateness. For instance, Community Outreach Units should be set only in the site level, there is no need in the centre.

- There is no need to reform the headquarters organization to be the same as that found in the site-level structure, but should focus on how the headquarters will be able to be support to the site level effectively.

- There are various prevailing practical problems, for instance the duplication of the working structure of PAs Regional Offices 1-16 and the Head Office. If more institutional arrangements were established, the staff numbers would be increased, which would require approval from the Civil Servant Board, which will also make the process harder too.

- Centre management level and site-level have different working details. Some duties can give authorities and work on behalf such as decision of giving permission in tourism utilisation. Some duties related to main policy need to be authorised by the centre considering.

4. Need for training to strengthen the development of specialization WWF-TH recommendation PAs staff should have knowledge and specialize skills in PA management and should be continuity report strengthen and weakness of knowledge, skills and tools using. As the result, the training unit will be able to provide need and organize training by need more than before. More specialize they have, more specific section the training section focus on. This process will lead to the most efficient of PA management Group Resolution The meeting group had a resolution that training for each Unit at the site-level is the most badly needed and should be more formally structured, It should be considered as two strategies for training: 1. In service training means in-house training which the training unit is being in charge. The objective of training should expand from just specialize training purpose to also position promotion of each section head criteria, for example what /how many courses and whether it suite to their working position. 2. Stakeholders Training means training organise for stakeholders in/around the PA management included cooperation with other organizations or occasional specialized training.

Given time limitations, the remaining recommendations 5-7 of WWF-Thailand, would be considered at a later date.

The Meeting was closed at 16.30 p.m

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APPENDIX 3 IMPLEMENTATION MODIFICATIONS Modifications to contents described in the Project Document Most of the implementation has been undertaken as stated in the project document. However, some activities were adjusted in response to the appropriateness, needs and real context of the areas. These changes fall within the scope of the project’s targets and objectives. In addition, the curriculum and training contents were also adjusted after analyzing the training needs and necessities. The project consultants and working groups agreed to revise the training’s contents, modules and sequences as follows:

Module 1 Strengthening Leadership for the Sustainable Participatory Management and Conservation of Kaeng Krachan National Park and Kuiburi National Park

Module 2 Skills for Community Participation Process Enhancement for Protected

Areas Management Module 3 Conflict Management Resolution

Module 4 Biodiversity and Media Production and Use for Kaeng Krachan Forest Complex Conservation, and

Module 5 Sustainable Tourism Management and Field Visits on Community

Participation in Protected Areas Management In addition, the project also organized a workshop which formally launched this initiative and strengthened the relationship among involved agencies and organizations in the area. The workshop participants presented and brainstormed on problems and resolutions towards the management of Kaeng Krachan and Kuiburi National Parks. The participants also looked over the overall picture of project implementation and recommendation on contents in each module. This workshop has been extremely beneficial to the project. Changes in the Project Implementation Plan Most activities have been conducted as planned. However, some of the training courses have been delayed, with only two modules undertaken during the nine month period, which resulted in the project being pushed until the end of December, 2005. The main reasons for delays were:

The Technical Training Unit from WWF Thailand was completing an intensive training program at Phu Luang Wildlife Sanctuary, under the project entitled “Establishing an Outreach Unit at Phu Luang Wildlife Sanctuary”. Consequently, the ending of this training program, and the initiation of the current project “Establishing Outreach Unit at Key Protected Areas for the Long-term Conservation of a Subpopulation of Tigers in the Tenasserim Range Project”, meant that the Training Unit team was effectively conducting two training programs at the same time.

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It should be noted that the Phu Luang Training provided some valuable lessons learned which were then translated into modifications to the training schedule undertaken under this project. The Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plant Conservation has showed increasing interest in the broader concept of Joint Management of Protected Areas. As a consequence, the superintendents of both Kaeng Krachan and Kuiburi National Parks were keen to provide revised inputs during the preparation process, promoting community participation during some of the training sessions (modules). As a consequence, the training needs assessments and curriculum development in particular, required a much longer period of time that expected, involving the logistics of coordinating a wider range of involved stakeholders. Minor impacts: After the completion of Module 1, the tourism period (December-January) within Kaeng Krachan National Park began in earnest. Many tourists were visiting the park and the protected area staffs who were supposed to be attending the training were required to remain at their field stations. A second impact was that since there were so many tourists, accommodation was not enough to accommodate all training participants. During the dry season, the protected area staffs at Kaeng Krachan National Park have to prepare for welcoming a Royal Visit.

Lastly, during the initial phase of project implementation (May to September), it was the rainy season. This caused inconvenience regarding contacting the diverse array of involved stakeholders.

Follow-up Activities: In the project proposal, the proposed follow-up activities will be conducted after the completion of all five training modules. However, the scheduling of the training courses has been revised (see revised Project Implementation Plan). Significantly, the module on Peoples’ Participation has been brought forward from Module 5 to Module 2. As a direct consequence, and building upon this training, the protected area participants have been equipped to utilize the knowledge and skills gained from the Peoples’ Participation course and apply them in the field immediately thereafter. As a result, this has allowed some follow-up activities to be brought forward, being conducted during the break periods between the three remaining training courses. Some follow-up activities are planned to be conducted during March 2005.

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APPENDIX 4 PROJECT INPUTS Project staff

- Mr. John Parr Director of Conservation, Project Manager

- Mr. Wicharn Phanseth Head of Technical Training Unit, Project Head

- Mr. Theerayuth La-orpanphol Technical Training Officer

- Mr. Surasak Srirattanaporn Technical Training Officer

- Ms. Thavinee Samiphakdi Technical Training Support Officer

Project Consultants

- Director or Representative of Protected Areas Management Office 4 Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plants Conservation

- Representative from Recreation and Nature Interpretation Division Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plants Conservation

- Representative from National Park Studies and Researches Division National Parks Office, Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plants Conservation

- Representative from Training Division Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plants Conservation

- Mr. Manote Karnpanakngarn Superintendent, Kaeng Krachan National Park, Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plants Conservation

- Mr. Phutipong Joosanit Deputy Superintendent, Kaeng Krachan National Park, Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plants Conservation

- Mr. Thassana Srivilart Deputy Superintendent, Kaeng Krachan National Park, Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plants Conservation

- Mr. Somkuan Anantasri

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Deputy Superintendent, Kaeng Krachan National Park, Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plants Conservation

- Mr. Chumpon Khaewket Deputy Superintendent, Kaeng Krachan National Park, Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plants Conservation

- Mr. Boonlua Poolnin Superintendent, Kuiburi National Park, Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plants Conservation

- Mr. Narong Leabwan Deputy Superintendent, Kuiburi National Park, Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plants Conservation

- Assistant Prof. Opas Panya, Ph.D. Faculty of Environment and Resource Studies, Mahidol University - Professor Wanchai Chuebook

Faculty of Management, Silpakorn University, Cha-am Campus

- Professor Chittasak Phutjorn Faculty of Management, Silpakorn University, Cha-am Campus - Representative from Wildlife Conservation Society - Representative form Thailand Environment Institute

- Representative from Kuiburi Elephants Conservation Club

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APPENDIX 5 CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT WORKSHOP: PARTICIPANTS

Curriculum Development Workshop during 11-13 October, 2004

Name Organisation Total Representative from Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plants Conservation

Recreation and Nature Interpretation Division, Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plants Conservation

1

National Parks Studies and Researches Division

1

Training Division 1 Officer of Kaeng Krachan National Park 4 Officer of Kuiburi National Park 1 Protected area staff of Kaeng Krachan

National Park 6

Protected area staff of Kuiburi National Park 4 TAO representative, Kaeng Krachan National Park

Tambon Administration Organisation (TAO), Kaeng Krachan Sub-district

2

Tambon Administration Organisation, Pa Deng Sub-district

1

Tambon Administration Organisation, Huay Sat Yai Sub-District

1

TAO representative from community located nearby Kuiburi National Park

Tambon Administration Organisation, Had Kham Sub-District

1

Tambon Administration Organisation, Khao Chao Sub-District

1

Tambon Administration Organisation, Sila Loy Sub-District

2

Villager representative from community located nearby Kaeng Krachan National Park

Ban Huay Phung 1

Teachers from targeted schools 5 Villager representative from community located nearby Kaeng Krachan National Park

Ban Ruam Thai 1

Kuiburi Elephant Conservation Group 1 Others Assistant Prof. Opas Panya, Ph.D.

Faculty of Environment and Resource Studies Mahidol University

1

Silpakorn University, Petchaburi Campus 3 Wildlife Conservation Society 3 Thailand Environment Institute 5 Wildlife Fund Thailand 1 Public Relations Office, Petchaburi Province 1 Cha-Am Forestry Training Centre 2 Journalists 2 WWF Thailand 5

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APPENDIX 6 DETAILS OF TRAINING COURSES Training Course 1 Leadership Empowerment for Participation in Sustainable Conservation and Management of Kaeng Krachan National Park and Kuiburi National Park. Objectives

1. To provide trainees with knowledge and understanding on processing concept system for proactive operation.

2. To provide trainees with knowledge and skills on knowledge gained from action undertaken and knowledge and wisdoms creation community.

3. To provide trainees with knowledge, understanding and skills on communication for social change and trainees are able to adjust this knowledge to support the work on participation enhancement which will be crucial foundation for other training modules to be conducted in the future.

Content/Activities/Facilitators/Duration Content Facilitator Duration

(day) Period 1 1. The conservation works of WWF Thailand WWF Thailand

½ Day 2. the participation as indicated in the constitution/ concepts of Environmental Education for Sustainable Development Period 2 1. Processing Concept System Dr. Opas Panya

Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources Mahidol University

4 Days 2. knowledge gained from action undertaken 3. knowledge and wisdoms creation community 4. Nature of New Leader for Community Change ( on Natural Resources and Environment Conservation) 5. Communication for Conservation and Participation 6. Getting Ready to be Process Facilitator

Methodology

1. Special Lecture and various media used 2. Group activities and group discussion 3. Brainstorming and experience exchange 4. Slide presentation, exhibition display and VDO

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Training Course 2 Skills for Community Participation Process Enhancement for Protected Areas Management Objectives

1. To provide trainees knowledge and understanding on leadership and team working 2. To provide trainees knowledge, understanding and skills on process facilitator and

public speaking 3. To provide trainees knowledge, understanding and skills on community studies and

analysis, community participatory planning and practicing in the real situation.


(Day) 1. Nature Walk Rally Experts on Nature Walk Rally

and WWF Thailand ½ Day

2. Leadership and Teamwork Team of facilitators from Faculty of Management, Silpakorn University, Petchaburi Campus, and WWF Thailand

3. Public Speaking Mr. Thatcharit Panarak, Development Officer, Petchaburi Province

1 Day

4. Process Facilitator Team of facilitators from Faculty of Management, Silpakorn University, Petchaburi Campus, and WWF Thailand

1 Day 5. Community Studies and Analysis 1 Day 6. Participatory Community Planning 1.5 Days

7. Practice on Community studies and Analysis and Community Participatory Planning

Team of facilitators from Faculty of Management, Silpakorn University, Petchaburi Campus, and WWF Thailand

3 Days

Methodology

1. Special Lecture and various media used 2. Group activities and group discussion 3. Brainstorming and experience exchange 4. Practicum in real situation 5. Slide presentation, exhibition display and VDO

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Training Course 3 Biodiversity and Production and media Usage for Kaeng Krachan Forest Complex Conservation

Objectives

1. To make participants aware of the value and importance of biodiversity in Keang Krachan and Kuiburi Forest

2. To provide basic knowledge of biology of natural resources of wildlife of Keang Krachan and Kuiburi Forest

3. To provide knowledge and understanding and encourage participants to use the skill in production, audio visual, and media approach, and enable to apply for conservation campaign


(Day) 1. Biodiversity of Lower Western Forest Complex ( tigers, elephants, butterflies and birds)

Petch Manopawith, and WCS team

1 Day

2. Presenting conservation issues and information through exhibitions and providing information to establish such exhibitions.

Team of facilitators from WWF Thailand 3. Training in the use and set-up of multi-media

Base 1 Computer Note Book, LCD Projector and Audio Visual Base 2 Digital Camera Base 3 Computer and Power Point Presentation Base 4 Computer and Music Base 5 Digital Video Camera

2 Days

4. Composition of environmental songs to support the conservation of KAENG KRACHAN NP and Kuiburi NP 5. Initial Production of Media - Exhibitions - “Kuiburi Elephants” documentary - Power point presentation on the lower western forest complex - Compose conservation songs - Prepare conservation games by using the computer 6. Presenting Media - exhibitions - Power point presentation - making a documentary - record conservation songs

1 Day

7. Presenting and using media in schools and the community

1 Day

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Methodology

1. Special Lecture and various media used 2. Group activities and group discussion 3. Brainstorming and experience exchange 4. Practicum in the real situation 5. Slide presentation, exhibition display and VDO

Training Course 4

Conflict Management Resolution Objectives

1. To provide knowledge and understanding in principle and guidance of conflict management

2 To provide knowledge, understanding and skill in conflict management and enable to apply in work


(Day) 1. Conflict management in using forest resources - What is conflicting - Conflict management forms - Attitude, norm & conflicting and cause of conflicting - Negotiation - How to proceed if negotiation fail - Communication and conflict problem - Compromising and middle man’s role - Stakeholder analysis in conflicting

Wicharn Phanseth and WWF Thailand team

6 Days

Methodology

1. Special Lecture and various media used 2. Group activities and group discussion 3. Brainstorming and experience exchange 4. Case study 5. Role play

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Training Course 5 Sustainable Tourism and Field Trip in Participatory Forest Management and

Ecotourism in Protected Areas Objectives

1. To provide knowledge and understanding in principle and guidance of sustainable tourism

2. To provide the opportunities to exchange knowledge experiences on ecotourism in protected areas

Content/Activities/Facilitators/Duration Content/Places Facilitator Duration

(Day) 1. Principle and guidance of sustainable tourism Jittisak Putjorn, Silpakorn

University 3 hours

2. Field visit - Hui Num Dung National Park: Ecotourism in Protected Areas - Doi Sam Muen Watershed Management Project Participatory management in natural resources - Upper Ping River Management Project Participatory management in natural resources - Doi Intanon National Park Ecotourism in Protected Areas and Outreach activities - Mea Kam Pong Village: Home stay ecotourism

Jittisak Putjorn, Silpakorn University WWF Thailand team

7 Days

3. Field trip summarizing and evaluation 3 hours

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APPENDIX 7 Revision to the Project Implementation Plan

No. Activities

2004 2005

Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2

May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

1 Preparation

Coordination

Letter of permission from Department of National Park Wildlife and Plant Conservation (DoNP)

Meeting with CEOs of Targeted Park

Establishing Project Advisory Group

Collecting information from stakeholders

Collecting data of adjacent communities

Meeting with representatives of selected communities

T-NAT

Developing TNA questionnaire and process

Conducting TNA

Summarizing TNA

Develop Curriculum

Developing draft curriculum

Observing training conducted by WCS

Organizing seminar to seek for finalization of curricula

Finalizing curriculum

2 Training

Curriculum 1

Preparation

Conduct training

Summary meeting

Curriculum 2

Preparation

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No. Activities

2004 2005

Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2

May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Conduct training

Summary meeting

Curriculum 3

Preparation

Conduct training

Summary meeting

Curriculum 4

Preparation

Conduct training

Summary meeting

Curriculum 5

Preparation

Conduct training

Summary meeting

3 Follow up Activity

Equipment Supply

Media Materials

Outreach Support

EE activity support

4 Monitoring & Evaluation

5 Office Equipment

6 Salary (4 staff)

Salary (2 staff)

7 Administration Cost

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APPENDIX 8 Evaluation and Draw lesson Learnt Workshop: Participants: 6th December, 2005. Cha-am Forest Park, Petchaburi 1

Mr. Kavinee Petcharat

Training Division, National Park Wildlife and Plant Conservation

2

Miss Rattana Rakkanavorakul

Recreation & Interpretation Division, National Park Wildlife and Plant Conservation

3 Mr. Wanchai Chuaboon Silpakorn University 4 Mr. Anoosorn Areebambhat Thai Environmental Institute 5 Mr. Khampanart Khantrakool Regional press 6

Mr. Boonlue Poonnil Superintendent, Kuiburi National park

7 Mr. Chumphol keawkhet

Assistant of Superintendent, Kaeng Krachan National Park

8 Mr. Soon Muakmeung

Chairman, Kuiburi Elephant Conservation Club

Target Group(Park Rangers who have trained)10

Mr. Praphan Jitdhes Ranger, Kaeng Krachan National Park

11 Mr. Sayam Yoodying

Ranger, Kaeng Krachan National Park

12 Miss. Panpaporn Sahassadee


13 Miss. Jarinya Chawgate


14 Mr. Aphakhon Limsuwan


15 Mr. Samrong Meekheaw


16 Mr. Sirichai Ruksue


17 Miss. Pawinee Thongtang


18 Miss. Sunanthinee Jeewa


19 Miss. Aorawan Khransanoi


20

Mr. Boontan Boossarakham Ranger, Kaeng Krachan National Park

21

Mr. Samarch Phelpeth


22 Mr. Joollasak Tongchamroon


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23 Mr. Phairoch Intarachitjuice


24 Miss. Jirathi Moothip Ranger, Kuiburi National Park 25 Mr. Uthai Noonoi Ranger, Kuiburi National Park 26 Mr. Tongsook Deangchote Ranger, Kuiburi National Park 27 Mr. Amornthep Chempook Ranger, Kuiburi National Park 28 Mr. Paiwan sinsamuth Ranger, Kuiburi National Park 29 Mr . Ampol Plabjetrew Ranger, Kuiburi National Park 30 Mr. Sumol Chongdee Ranger, Kuiburi National Park 31 Miss. Anchulee Pethchamrat Ranger, Kuiburi National Park 32 Mr. Rang Sonkhram Ranger, Kuiburi National Park 33 Mr. Chowalit Prempree Ranger, Kuiburi National Park 34 Mr. Tanongsak Photong Ranger, Kuiburi National Park 35 Mr. Koenthep Ekwongsa Ranger, Kuiburi National Park 36 Miss Chantima Chookeaw Ranger, Kuiburi National Park The representative from communities nearby National Parks37

Mr. Soon Muakmeung Chairman, Kuiburi Elephant Conservation Club

38 Mr. Singha Suebsoontorn

Member, Kuiburi Elephant Conservation Club

39 Mr. Chareun Nokworn

Chairman, Kaeng Krachan Administration Organization

40 Mr. Soonthorn Ruangtes

Member, Kaeng Krachan Administration Organization

41 Mr. Manat Seakow

Member, Kaeng Krachan Administration Organization

42 Mr. Chamrat Chawsamuth Youth Leader, Phukem village 43 Mr. Choa Predok Village Head, Pala-Ngu Village 44 Miss Piyawadee Chokpasook Community leader, Pala-ngu Village 45 Mr. Khosit Rodsakhon Community leader, Pala-ngu Village

Documents

Final Report Establishing Outreach Units in the Tenasserim