FACTORS INFLUENCING THE PERFORMANCE OF

CONSTITUENCY DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS. A SURVEY OF

VIHIGA COUNTY.

Presenter: Kamau Edward M.

Supervisors: Dr. Elizabeth N. Makokha Prof. Gregory S. Namusonge.

1.1 Background

• CDF was created in 2003 ;CDF Act of 2003

• Reviewed as CDF Act of 2013- has been used to advance MPs political agenda

• Newton (2015), projects are temporary structures whose specific aim is delivering

an identifiable end-product.

• PMTT are used in projects to plan and control scope of work involved for project

success(Andongndou et al., 2009).

1.1 Background cont.

• Current set up of county and national governments-No institutional framework for

use of project tools and techniques

• Constituencies limited capacity in project identification, planning, monitoring and

evaluation - many incomplete CDF projects.

• World Bank (2000) showed that the CDF can be laterally defined as a vehicle used

for monetary transfers and misappropriation-compromise quality of projects

sustainability

1.2 Problem statement

• Persistent questions of whether the CDF has met its objective, - this remains an

imperative research topic

• Lack of a legal monitoring and evaluation framework-monitoring and evaluation

have not fully been managed by the CDF committees in the constituencies and thus

most of the projects end up being terminated at early stages of implementation

• Budgetary misappropriations especially during procurement are a cause of stalling

of CDF projects in most constituencies(IGI Kenya, 2010)

1.2 Problem statement cont…

•Persistent cases of cost & time overruns and terminated projects before completion in

many constituencies .

•Inadequate analysis and engagement of stakeholders as well as failure to properly

utilize project tools and techniques for effective monitoring and evaluation.

•A lacking project identification criteria & legal M&E framework.

•The study will investigate the factors that affect the performance of CDF projects in

Vihiga county, Kenya.

1.3 OBJECTIVES

• 1.3.1 General objective

This study aims to analyze the factors influencing the performance of constituency

development funded projects which will be a complete survey of Vihiga County.

1.3.2 Specific objectives

1. To determine the effect of budget on performance of CDF projects in Vihiga

county.

2. To evaluate the effect of strategic planning on performance of CDF projects in

Vihiga County.

3. To examine the effect of stakeholder analysis and engagement on performance of

CDF projects in Vihiga County.

4. To evaluate the effect of project management tools on performance of CDF

projects in Vihiga County.

1.4 Research questions

1. What is the effect of the budget on the performance of CDF projects in Vihiga

County?

2. What is the effect of strategic planning on the performance of CDF projects in

Vihiga County?

3. What is the effect of stakeholder analysis and engagement on the performance of

CDF projects in Vihiga County?

4. What is the effect of project management tools on the performance of CDF

projects in Vihiga County?

1.5 Research hypotheses

The study will be guided by the following hypotheses:

• Ho1: Budget does not have a significant effect on project performance.

• Ho2: Strategic planning does not have a significant effect on project performance.

• Ho3: Stakeholder analysis and engagement does not have a significant effect on

project performance.

• Ho4: Project management tools do not have a significant effect on project

performance.

The Programs theory

• The function of program theory is to ascertain the theoretical approachability of the

program (Lipsey, 2000)

• The program theory is a blue print answering the questions: why, how, and under

what conditions the program effects occur (Sedani & Sechrest, 1999)

• It enhances prediction of the final or phase by phase outcomes of the program and

finally specify the necessary conditions which will assist in delivering the intended

result of a program (Sedani & Sechrest, 1999)

The Programs theory cont….

• The programs theory resembles the logical framework approach - its model uses

three components to describe the program: the project activities or inputs, the

intended outcomes, and the mechanisms in which outcomes are achieved.

• The program theory clarifies the point of view of the program, on which an

evaluation of the program's quality can be based (Bickman & Peterson, 1990)

• Thus, a clear program theory allows policymakers & project managers to

implement similar relevant programs and thus ensuring success (Bickman, 1987)

Lewin's change management theory

• The model analyses human behavior vs. change and patterns of resistance to

change-projects are meant to impact change and all projects are subject to

resistance (stakeholders , politicians, community opinion & policy makers)

• The model identifies forces that oppose change often called  ‘static forces’ and

those promoting change always referred to as ‘driving forces’

• It encompasses 3 phases: Unfreezing, Transition and Refreezing (Bozak, 2003).

Lewin's change management theory cont….

• Unfreezing- openly & honestly identifying & communicating ideas to all

stakeholders , create lists of forces that will affect the project. (Bozak, 2003)

• Transition / moving phase- actual change planning and implementation of the

project, project leader MUST oversee/monitor this project through all phases.

•Refreezing Stage-The final stage of Lewin’s theory, freezing or refreezing the changed

practice occurs, leads to a time of stability and evaluation (Bozak, 2003)

Conceptual framework Independent Variables Dependent Variables

Strategic planning Existence of strategic plan Adherence to the strategic plan

Stakeholders’ analysis & engagement Identification and analysis report Engagement plan Participatory role

Project management toolsExistence of PMTT

Knowledge on their useMonitoring & evaluation practice

Importance of PMTT

Performance of ConstituencyDevelopment Funded projects in Vihiga County

Budget Formulation, adequacy of funds, Adherence , budget controls , Auditing.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

• Descriptive survey design will be used. It enables capturing all pertinent aspects of

a situation while employing a unit study and investigation. (Best et al, 2003)

• Namusonge (2010)-This method is best suited for gathering descriptive information

where the researcher investigates people or attitudes concerning one or more

variables through direct query.

• Target population – A sample of 125 respondents from the 5 constituencies in

Vihiga county.(Sabatia, Vihiga, Luanda, Emuhaya and Hamisi)

Sampling frameClustering Of

population EMUHAYAVIHIGA

LUANDASABATIA HAMISI TOTAL

Stratified Sampling Of Population

16 CDFC

members

16 CDFC

members

16 CDFC

members

16 CDFC

members

16 CDFC

members

Random

Sampling Of

Projects

5 Projects

5 Projects

5 Projects

5 Projects

5 Projects

Simple

Random

Sampling Of

Respondents

5 Respondent

s Per Project

5 Respondents Per Project

5 Respondents Per Project

5 Respondents Per Project

5 Respondents Per Project

Total Sample 25 25 25 25 25 125

DATA COLLECTION INSTRUMENT

• The research instrument is a questionnaire. The questionnaire is ideal for the

descriptive survey, as it enables quick collection of similar data across a relatively

dispersed population.

• Using a predesigned closed end questionnaire ensure that information seek is

relevant to the objectives of the research, is standard and focus the research on

collecting the information rather than thinking about what information to collect.

DATA ANALYSIS AND PRESENTATION

• Analysis of the data will be done using spss 17 software.

• Descriptive statistics will be used (means, standard deviations, frequencies and

percentages) as well as inferential statistics.

• Multiple regressions model/analysis will be used to determine the relationship

between independent and dependent variable.

REGRESSION ANALYSIS MODEL

• The model enables the researcher to predict value of the outcome binary variable given values of the explanatory variables.

(p) = βo + β1Χ1+ β2Χ2+ β3Χ3+ β4Χ4+………..εo; Where:p = the probability of project success/performance

(1-p) = The probability of project not performing/failingβ0 = Constant: if we let p=y, therefore

β1 = measures the change in y with respect to x1, ceteris paribus

β2 = measures the change in y with respect to x2, ceteris paribus

β3 = measures the change in y with respect to x3, ceteris paribus

β4= measures the change in y with respect to x4, ceteris paribus

Regression Analysis Model cont…….

• (p) = βo + β1Χ1+ β2Χ2+ β3Χ3+ β3Χ4+………..εo x1 = the budget

x2 = strategic planning

x3 = stakeholder analysis and engagement

x4 = project management tools

εo = Error term assumed to be a constant

• The model will be used will be used to determine the relationship between the

independent and dependent variable.

END Thank you all