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7/31/2019 Final IPV6 Presentation
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IP version 6
Abhishek Bhasker0909110004
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Widely supported network protocol.
Defines and routes datagrams
Provides connectionless transportservice.
Uses packet switching and services of
the data-link layer to accomplishtransmission along the path.
What is Internet Protocol
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Internet Protocol
IPV4 IPV6
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Internet Protocol Version-6
IPV6 is version of the Internet
Protocol intended to succeedIPV4, Which is the protocol
currently used to direct almost
all internet traffic.
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Background of IPv-6 In its early years , the Internet was largely used by
universities , high-tech industry .With the explosion ofinternet in the Internet starting in the mid - 1990s , itbegan to be used by a different requirements .
Under these circumstances , it became apparentthat IP had to evolve and become more flexible.
In 1990 ,IETF( Internet Engineering Task Force )started work on new version of IP, one which never
run out of addresses and be more flexible andefficient as well .
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In , 1993 a modified combined version of theDeering and Francis was chosen ,by now calledSIPP(Simple Internet Protocol Plus) was selected andgiven the designation IPv-6
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IPv6 Design Issues Overcome IPv4 scaling problem
o lack of address space.
Flexible transition mechanism.
New routing capabilities.
Quality of service.
Security.
Ability to add features in the future
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IPv-4 and Ipv-6 Header
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Why IPV6 ?
Problems with IPV4: Limited address space.
No encryption and authentication.
Server-less plug-and-play possible
Audio-Video transmission requires minimum delaystrategies and reservation of resources.
No direct security support in IPV4. Difficulty in managing forwarding address and in
realizing Visitor-location network authentication.
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Features of IPV6
Larger address space(128 Bit) 3.4*1038
Globally unique and hierarchal addressing.
Auto-configuration of network interfaces.
Support for encapsulation of itself and other
Protocols.
Built-in authentication and encryption.
Transition methods to migrate from IPV4. Improved multicast routing support.
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IPv6 Header Fields VERS: 6 (IP version number)
Priority: will be used in congestion control
Flow Label: experimental - sender can label a
sequence of packets as being in the same flow. Payload Length: number of bytes in everything
following the 40 byte header .
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IPv6 Header Fields Next Header is similar to the IPv4 protocol field -
indicates what type of header follows the IPv6header.
Hop Limit is similar to the IPv4 TTL field (but now itreally means hops, not time).
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Key differences in header No checksum
No length variability in header
No more fragmentation and reassembly in header
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Extension Headers Routing Header - source routing
Fragmentation Header - supports fragmentation ofIPv6 datagrams.
Authentication Header Encapsulating Security Payload Header
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IPv6 Addresses 128 bits - written as eight 16-bit hex numbers.
5f1b:df00:ce3e:e200:0020:0800:2078:e3e3
High order bits determine the type of address.
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Categories of Address Unicast A Unicast address defines a group of computers . A
packet sent to a unicast address is delivered tothat specific computer
Anycast This is a type of address define a group of
computers with addresses which have the same
prefix A packet sent to an anycast address must be
delivered to exactly one of the member of groupwhich is closest or the most easily accessible
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Multicast Addresses A multicast defines a group of computers which
may or may not share the same prefix and may or
may not be connected to the same physicalnetwork
A packet send to multicast address must bedelivered to each member of the set
Multicast addresses all start with FF(1111 1111) andall other addresses are unicast addresses
I I
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IPv4-Mapped IPv6Address
IPv4-Mapped addresses allow a host that supportboth IPv4 and IPv6 to communicate with a host thatsupports only IPv4.
The IPv6 address is based completely on the IPv4address.
I d I
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IPv4-Mapped IPv6Address
80 bits of 0s followed by 16 bits of ones, followed bya 32 bit IPv4 Address:
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Advantages of IPv-6 Larger address space Ipv-6 has 128 bit address space (3.4*1038) , which is 4
times wider in bit when compared to IPv-4s 32-bitaddress space . So there is a huge increase in the
address space.
Better header format In its header format the options are separated from the
base header.
The options are inserted when needed , between thebase header and upper layer data .This helps inspeeding up the routing process.
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New options New options have been added in Ipv-6 to increase
functionality
Possibility of extension
IPv-6 is designed in such a way that there is a possibilityof extension of protocol if required.
More security IPv-6 includes security in basic specification . It includes
encryption of packets and authentication of sender ofpackets
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Support to resource allocation To implement better support to real time traffic . IPv-
6 includes flow label of specification . With flow
label mechanism, routes can recognize to whichend-t-end flow the packets belong.
Clear specification and optimization IPv-6 follows good practices of IPv-4 and rejects
minor flaws /obsolete items of IPv-4
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THANK YOU
Abhishek Bhasker0909110004